Osteotomy drill for drilling holes in bone to receive implants or other fixing devices, including implants or screws in dentistry.

Abstract

Osteotomy drill for drilling holes in bone to receive implants or other fixation devices, particularly implants or screws in dentistry. Osteotomy drill made of a material harder than bone, comprising a shank (1) ending in a point (2), and, projecting laterally from the shank (1), a helical band (4) extending helically around the shank (1), the free edge (7) of the helical band (4) being sharp or cutting. Figure for abbreviation: Fig. 1

Description

Title of the invention: Osteotomy drill for drilling holes in bone to receive implants or other fixation devices, in particular implants or screws in the dental field

[0001] The present invention relates to an osteotomy drill for drilling holes in bone or the like, the holes being intended to receive an implant or other fixation device, in particular an anchoring base such as a screw to which a prosthesis, particularly a dental prosthesis, is subsequently attached. The present invention is of particular interest for performing an osteotomy of the cortical bone beneath the sinus membrane.

[0002] From US2023 / 0013222A1, a conical drill or osteotome for osteotomy in dentistry is known. This anterior art drill has a longitudinal shank defining a longitudinal axis of rotation of the drill and terminates distally by a grooved body of conical shape, the grooved body having a distal tip and grooves formed on its lateral surface, the grooves extending helically, each groove defining on one side a cutting face, and, on the other side, a densification face.

[0003] This type of conical drill bit makes it possible to create so-called densified holes, that is, holes whose lateral walls have been reinforced or densified by compacting the bone chips cut against them. To do this, it is necessary to proceed in two steps. The first consists of making an initial hole using a first type of drill bit to obtain a so-called precursor hole, then inserting the conical drill bit into the precursor hole and rotating it in one direction to complete the drilling, then in a second direction opposite to the first to achieve densification, the rotation in the second direction having the effect of compressing the internal lateral bone wall of the precursor hole and, thus, compacting and densifying it.

[0004] These prior art drills are thus complicated to use which requires, in order to obtain the final hole, having several different types of drills available and a three-step procedure, a first step to make the hole, a second step to perfect the drilling, then a third step to densify it.

[0005] The present invention aims to provide an osteotomy drill that allows the final densified hole to be obtained using a single drill and in a single step.

[0006] According to the invention, an osteotomy drill, made of a material harder than bone, for example ceramic, zirconia, stainless steel, titanium or other similar alloy, comprises a shank ending in a point, characterized by a helical band projecting laterally from the stem and extending helix around the stem, the free edge of the helical band being made sharp or cutting.

[0007] Preferably, the width of the helical band, measured radially along the band between the free edge and the stem, varies, in particular increases along the helix as one moves away from the tip.

[0008] Preferably, the helical band extends helvenly over at least 900°, in particular over 990° or more.

[0009] Preferably, the helical band is inclined towards the tip, in particular with a slope, relative to the perpendicular to the stem, of between 5° and 80°, in particular about 45°.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the helical strip extends continuously.

[0011] By using the drill according to the invention, a surgeon can perform the creation of the hole and its densification in a single step, that is, during the very creation of the hole. The more proximal threads trap the bone chips formed by the more distal threads and the tip and compact them against the walls of the hole, particularly under the sinus membrane in the case of a subsinus membrane osteotomy.

[0012] The present invention also relates to a method for drilling a hole in a bone, in particular the cortical bone under the sinus membrane, the method comprising the step of taking the drill according to the invention, coupling it to a motor and pressing the tip against the cortical bone to drill it until the final hole is drilled.

[0013] The present invention also relates to an osteotomy kit comprising a plurality of drills according to the invention, for example three drills, each drill having a different size, for example three sizes of respectively 3.5mm, 4mm and 4.5mm and a motor for rotating the drills.

[0014] In [Fig.1], a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a drill according to the invention is shown.

[0015] In [Fig. 1], the osteotomy drill shown comprises a cylindrical shaft 1, terminated distally by a pointed portion 2. Proximally, the shaft has an interface 3 for engaging a drilling motor. The exact configuration of this interface 4 may vary depending on the type of motor used, and may even, in some cases, consist of only a simple smooth portion of the shaft, against which the jaws of a collar integral with the motor clamp.

[0016] The pointed part 2 is shown to be conical in shape. It could have any other shape, provided that its piercing function is performed. In particular, to improve this piercing function, the point can be made of diamond and / or sandblasted to make its cutting surface rough.

[0017] A helical band 4 extends laterally from the rod 1. The helical band 4 extends helix around the cylindrical rod 1. The band 4 extends from a distal straight edge 7d to a proximal straight edge 7p, between a free cutting edge 7 that extends helix around the rod 1 and a base edge 8 that extends helix along the outer surface of the rod 1.

[0018] The helical band 4 comprises approximately three turns, respectively distal 4d, intermediate 4i and proximal 4p. The distal turn 4d extends from 0° to 360°. The intermediate turn 4i extends from 361° to 720° and the proximal turn 4p extends over less than 360°, in particular from 721° to 990°, the straight edge 7p, of which only the corner it forms with the free cutting edge is visible in the figure, being offset, viewed from above, by an angle of approximately 90° with the distal edge 7d.

[0019] The width extension, i.e. the distance measured radially along the band 4 between the stem 1 and the free cutting edge 7, increases from the distal edge 7d to the proximal edge 7p.

[0020] The helical band 4 has a distal surface 5 facing towards the tip 2 and a proximal surface 6 facing in the opposite direction, towards the interface 3.

[0021] Starting from the distal edge 7d, and moving along the band in the counterclockwise direction (positive direction) as seen from interface 3 (i.e., as seen by the surgeon when using the drill), the helical band 4 comprises a first region 6.1 of substantially constant width li corresponding to the width of edge 7d, the first region extending over a distance of 180° along the helical band. It is followed by a first transition region 6.2 extending from 180° to 360°, in which the width of the band changes from the width h of edge 7d to the width 12 of the intermediate spiral measured at 360°, thus corresponding to edge 7d, as seen from above in [Fig. 1]. The first transition region is followed by a second region 6.3 of constant width which extends from 360° to 540° with a width of 12. The second region 6.3 is followed by a second region 6.4. Transition region extending from 540° to 720°, in which the band width decreases from width 12 to a smaller width 13 of the proximal 4p loop corresponding to the edge 7d, viewed from above in [Fig. 1]. The second transition region 6.4 is followed by a third region 6.5 of constant width 13 extending from 720° to 900°. The third region 6.5 is followed by a third transition region 6.6 extending from 900° to 990°, terminating at the proximal edge 7p.

[0022] The first width h is less than the second width 12 and the second width 12 is less than the third width 13.

[0023] Thus, the width of the band decreases in steps. Another possible embodiment would consist of progressively decreasing the width of the helical band from the distal edge to the proximal edge.

[0024] Over its entire length, the helical band 4 is inclined relative to the axis of the rod 1 at an angle greater than 90°, and thus extends in slope from the rod 1 towards the tip 2. This radial inclination angle of the band can for example be between 5° and 80°, in particular between 30° and 60°, in particular equal to about 45°.

[0025] In the embodiment shown in [Fig. 1], this angle is substantially constant along the entire length of the helix. However, it could be varied along this length, in particular depending on the turn considered.

[0026] In the embodiment shown in [Fig. 1], the helical band 4 is continuous from the distal edge 7d to the proximal edge 7p. However, it could, still according to the invention, be made in a discontinuous form, for example by providing, at regular or irregular intervals, empty regions, for example in the form of radial notches or slots.

[0027] The drill bit shown has approximately 3 turns. It would obviously be possible to have more, in particular 4 or 5.

[0028] Several drill sizes are provided depending on the size of the implant to be implanted.

[0029] The drill size is defined as its greatest width extension, perpendicular to the shank 1, that is, the greatest width extension of its proximal spiral. This size corresponds to the distance measured perpendicular to the shank 1 from point 7 (720°), corresponding to the 720° abscissa of extension along the helix of edge 7, to the diametrically opposite point 7 (900°).

[0030] Generally, for a 4mm diameter implant, a 3.5mm drill bit is planned to be used (shown in [Fig. 1]). For a 4.5mm implant, a 4mm drill bit is planned to be used, and for a 5mm implant, a 4.5mm drill bit is planned to be used.

[0031] The pitch of the helix, that is to say the distance measured along the axis of the rod 1 between two points separated by 360°, for example between 7(0°) and 7(360°) can be between 0.6mm and 1.5mm, in particular between 0.7mm and 1mm.

[0032] The diameter of the rod 1 can be between 0.75mm and 1.5mm, in particular between 0.8mm and 1.2mm, in particular be equal to about 1mm.

[0033] The distance, measured along the axis of the stem 1, between the most distal point 7(0°) of the free edge 7 and the tip 2 can be between 0.3mm and 0.9mm, in particular between 0.5mm and 0.7mm.

[0034] In the case of a 3.5mm drill bit, the largest width dimension of the intermediate thread can be 3mm and the largest width dimension of the distal thread can be 2.5mm.

[0035] In the case of a 4mm drill bit, the largest width dimension of the intermediate thread can be 3.5mm and the largest width dimension of the distal thread can be 3mm.

[0036] In the case of a 4.5mm drill bit, the largest width dimension of the intermediate thread can be 4mm and the largest width dimension of the distal thread can be 3.5mm.

[0037] The drill bit may be made of zirconia, ceramic, stainless steel, titanium, or any other material well known in the field for this type of drill bit. It may also be made of high-density polymer.

[0038] The drill bit can be in one piece or in several pieces fixed to each other.

[0039] The drill bit can be manufactured, for example, by machining, molding, 3D printing or any other method. another well-known method.

Claims

Demands

1. Osteotomy drill made of a material harder than bone comprising a shank (1) terminated by a point (2), characterized by a helical band (4) projecting laterally from the shank (1) and extending helix around the shank (1), the free edge (7) of the helical band (4) being made sharp or cutting.

2. Drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the helical band (4), measured radially along the band between the free edge (7) and the shank (1), varies, in particular increases along the helix as one moves away from the tip (2).

3. Drill according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the helical band (4) extends helix over at least 900°, in particular over 990° or more.

4. Drill according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the helical band (4) is inclined towards the tip (2).

5. Drill according to claim 4, characterized in that the band (4) is inclined towards the tip of a slope, with respect to the perpendicular to the shank (1), between 5° and 80°.

6. Drill according to claim 5, characterized in that the slope is approximately 45°.

7. Drill according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the helical band extends continuously.

8. Drill according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the helix pitch, i.e. the distance measured along the axis of the shank (1) between two points separated by 360°, for example between 7(0°) and 7(360°), is between 0.6mm and 1.5mm, in particular between 0.7mm and 1mm.

9. Drill bit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drill bit is made of zirconia or ceramic.

10. Osteotomy kit comprising a plurality of drills according to any one of the preceding claims, for example three drills, each drill having a different size, for example three sizes of 3.5mm, 4mm and 4.5mm respectively and a motor for rotating each drill.

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