Electric anti-lock braking system for motor vehicles

Abstract

Title: Electrical anti-lock braking system for a motor vehicle. The device comprises: a cylinder (12) receiving a piston (2) equipped with an actuating pad (23), a spring system (3) for returning the piston (2), a sensor (4) for the translation of the piston (2), and an operating unit (5) for generating a signal (SC). A sliding cover (6) surrounding the cylinder (12) from the base (11) to below the pad (23), independent of the movement of the piston (1) during its retraction stroke, leaving a gap between its top (62) and the bottom (233) of the pad (23), is slidably connected to the base (11) by a guide (7) with an auxiliary spring (72) that returns the cover (6) to its raised rest position. The cover 6 allows the piston 2 to be retracted to activate the function and signal the fault. Figure 2

Description

Title of the invention: Electric anti-lock braking system for motor vehicles

[0001] 1 SCOPE OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The invention relates to an electric anti-lock braking control device for a motor vehicle of the type brake or accelerator control, comprising a body with a base carrying a cylinder receiving a piston equipped with an actuating pad for the driver's foot, a spring system including a spring for returning the piston to its rest position, a sensor for the translation of the piston subjected to the driver's push on the pad and an operating unit connected to the translation sensor to generate a signal transmitted to the vehicle management unit to control the braking system in response to the push.

[0003] 2 PRIORITY OF THE TECHNOLOGY

[0004] In the automotive field, manufacturers are increasingly developing electrical control devices for braking and acceleration functions to replace mechanical pedal devices and significantly reduce the number of components and their size to create available space for other equipment.

[0005] Vehicle electric control devices, which are linear guidance systems for controlling the braking or acceleration function, have relatively short travel distances compared to traditional pedals. Some manufacturers impose installation requirements in a very limited space between the underside of the control device and the level of the floor covering, such as carpet. Furthermore, they require that the carpet not move within the vicinity of the control device, even if the carpet or floor covering is flexible. The reasons for these requirements may be aesthetic or ergonomic. In such installations, the carpet is in the immediate vicinity of the control and may even extend to the edge of the external housing of the control device.However, this installation has the drawback of being relatively sensitive to small foreign bodies (small objects or gravel) which can become lodged in the gap between the underside of the control's pad and the carpet, hindering or even blocking the mechanical actuation of the control. Such control devices depend entirely on detecting the movement or actuation force of the control to generate the signal for the vehicle's system; these incidents can even completely disable the function being controlled, rendering it unusable. rescue.

[0006] PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION

[0007] The present invention aims to develop a linear guidance system control device to control the acceleration or braking function allowing a reduction of components and to guarantee their operation, even in the event of intrusion of foreign bodies and to allow, where appropriate, to signal this intrusion to the driver.

[0008] DESCRIPTION AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION

[0009] To this end, the invention relates to an electrically controlled anti-lock braking system operated by the driver, as a linear guidance system for controlling the acceleration or braking function of a vehicle,

[0010] comprising:

[0011] a body with a base supporting a cylinder receiving a piston equipped with an actuating pad to receive the thrust from the driver's foot,

[0012] B. a spring system with a return spring for the piston to its rest position,

[0013] C. a sensor of the translation of the piston subjected to the thrust of the driver on the skating and

[0014] D. an operating unit receiving the signal from the translation sensor to generate a control signal for the function in response to the thrust,

[0015] characterized in that it comprises a sliding cover:

[0016] * surrounding the cylinder from the base to the pad,

[0017] * independent of the piston movement in the sliding stroke (A) of the pad between its upper resting position and its lower position of maximum compression,

[0018] * leaving a gap between its top and the underside of the skate, and

[0019] * connected by sliding means to the base by its lower edge by a spring-loaded guide auxiliary now or recalling the hood to its high resting position.

[0020] The control device according to the invention not only allows a compact and robust realization and a segmented design, but also the guarantee of the operation of the control device in the event of the pad being blocked relative to the hood protecting it and to ensure its operation, even in the event of failure of the stroke sensor generating the signal producing the requested action.

[0021] The function to be controlled is one of those usually controlled by the accelerator pedal or the brake pedal in an all-electric environment, this control also being known as "by wire control".

[0022] It should be emphasized that, in the case of braking, this function can apply to the various vehicle assemblies including the wheel brake control, and also, drive management and regenerative braking.

[0023] The control device facilitates the complete separation and sealing of electronic components and connectors for redundancy and information of the The driver is alerted by the emission of a visual warning signal, for example, on the dashboard, or a haptic signal. In the event of a total failure and blockage, the function is switched to emergency mode by this control device, and in the case of a braking system, the emergency brakes can be activated.

[0024] The electric control device according to the invention integrates perfectly into the vehicle's interior trim; it meets the most demanding integration requirements from an aesthetic and functional point of view; it can be installed under the floor covering of the passenger compartment and protrude from the relief formed by the trim around the body of the control device, of which only the foot-operating pad protrudes, leaving the maneuvering space, i.e. the height of the pad relative to the body of the control device, to allow its location and operation without limiting its travel.

[0025] This integration is possible thanks to the safety offered by the control device which cannot be blocked by a foreign body such as a pebble which could get lodged between the underside of the pad and the top of the housing since the pad can always be activated to generate the command of the function according to the driver's request while informing the driver of the incident in order to, if necessary, remedy it and restore normal operation.

[0026] According to the invention, the penetration interval is defined by the upper edge of the cylinder and a collar of the piston above which the pad is fixed to the extension of the piston, the pad installed on the piston leaving with respect to the top of the hood an interval greater than the penetration interval so as not to rest directly on the top of the hood in its penetration stroke between its high rest position and its maximum penetration position.

[0027] In particular, the hood has a dome shape with: a top whose edge borders an opening for the passage of the end of the piston receiving the pad, and a side wall whose lower edge cooperates with the sliding guides of the hood, integrating the auxiliary springs for returning the hood to the rest position, the possible sliding stroke for the pushing movement of the hood being greater than the gap between the top of the hood, possibly covered by the floor covering and the underside of the pad and which is accessible to foreign bodies.

[0028] The gap between the pad and the hood, while remaining for the normal operation of the device, is filled between the upper edge of the hood and the underside of the pad by a flexible bellows-shaped seal.

[0029] According to one variant, the device comprises

[0030] • a first sensor-index assembly for detecting the depressing stroke of the skating,

[0031] - the sensor carried by the cylinder and the index carried by the piston body, cooperating between them through a local field of interaction,

[0032] - the sensor being on the path of the index finger between the rest position and the position maximum piston deflection for maximum push on the pad by the driver, and

[0033] • a second sensor-index assembly, installed outside the local interaction field of the first set,

[0034] - the index finger being carried by the piston,

[0035] - the second sensor being carried by the cover within the interaction field of its index,

[0036] • the first assembly providing a signal for piston translation according to the thrust on the skate,

[0037] - the second assembly providing a signal of the relative displacement of the piston by in relation to the displacement of the sensor carried by the hood and,

[0038] - the sensor signals being supplied to the operating unit to generate:

[0039] * a control signal for the function and,

[0040] * a warning signal for the driver if

[0041] ** the signal from the first translation sensor is non-existent and if

[0042] ** the signal from the second sensor carried by the hood indicates a relative displacement null of the second sensor carried by the hood, relative to its index carried by the piston, or

[0043] * a backup signal if it receives harmful signals.

[0044] According to another variant, the device comprises

[0045] • a first sensor-index assembly for detecting the depth of penetration of the pad, the sensor carried by the cylinder and the index carried by the piston body cooperate through a local interaction field, the sensor being on the path of the index between its rest position and the position of maximum piston penetration for maximum thrust on the pad by the driver,

[0046] • a second sensor-index assembly, installed outside the interaction field of the first set,

[0047] - the index finger being carried by the piston,

[0048] - the sensor being carried by the cylinder in the interaction field of the index,

[0049] • a disturbing element of the local interaction field of the second carried set through the hood and installed for:

[0050] - at rest, in the initial state, to be or not in the local interaction field of the second together,

[0051] - under thrust conditions, to be outside the interaction field of the second together

[0052] Thus, according to this other variant,

[0053] • the first sensor (4) generates:

[0054] a translational signal (Si) for the thrust (P) regardless of the state of the second sensor (4a) and the presence or absence of a foreign body (OB) in the gap (A), and

[0055] - a null signal (Si=0) if the first set (4, 41) is faulty,

[0056] • the second sensor (4a) generates:

[0057] - at rest:

[0058] * an initial perturbed signal (Si'Op) in rest position if the perturbing element (41c) is initially in the local interaction field of the second set (sensor-index) (4a, 41a),

[0059] * an initial undisturbed signal (Si'0) if the disturbing element (41c) is not initially in the local interaction field of the second set (4a, 41a),

[0060] - during the application of the thrust (P), without insertion of a foreign body (OB),

[0061] * an undisturbed signal (Si') since the disturbing element (41c) is removed from the local interaction field of the index (41a) moved with the piston (2),

[0062] - during the application of the thrust (P+AP), with insertion of a foreign body (OB):

[0063] * generate a perturbed signal (Si'p) of the index (41a) throughout the movement of the piston (2) under the thrust (P+AP),

[0064] * generate a null signal (Si'=0) (no signal) in case of failure of the second together (4a, 41a), and

[0065] • The processing unit (5) generates:

[0066] ** a control signal (Sc) from the signal (Si) of the first sensor (4),

[0067] ** a warning signal (SA) if the signal disturbed (Si'p) from the second sensor (4a) accompanies the signal (Si) and,

[0068] ** a backup signal (SSEC) if the signal (Si) is zero and the signal (Si') is zero and if the signal (S'ip) appears.

[0069] Advantageously, for adjusting the return spring, the piston cylinder has an axial cavity opening into the underside of the piston and receiving the helical return spring, pressed against the bottom of the cavity and against a spring support connected to the bottom of the cylinder.

[0070] In particular, in this case, the spring support is a plate surmounted by a raised feature engaged in the end of the return spring to guide and hold it,

[0071] the support being integral with an adjustment rod passing, in an adjustable manner, through the bottom of the cylinder. Brief description of the drawings

[0072] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to an embodiment of an electrical control device shown schematically in the accompanying drawings in which:

[0073] [Fig-1] Perspective view of the control device,

[0074] [Fig.2] Axial cross-sectional view of the control device,

[0075] [Fig.2A] axial cross-sectional view according to [Fig.2] of the body of the control device,

[0076] [Fig.3A] Axial cross-sectional view of the control device of the [Fig.2] actuated,

[0077] [Fig. 3B] Axial cross-sectional view of the control device with a foreign body in position activated,

[0078] [Fig.4] Axial cross-sectional view of a variant of the control device,

[0079] [Fig.4A] Axial cross-sectional view of the variant of the actuated control device,

[0080] [Fig.4B] Axial cross-sectional view of the control device of the [Fig.4] with a body foreign object in activated position

[0081] [Fig. 5] Axial cross-sectional view of another variant of the control device,

[0082] [Fig. 5A] Axial cross-sectional view of the control device of the [Fig. 5], actuated,

[0083] [Fig.5B] Axial cross-sectional view of the variant of the control device of the [Fig.5] with a foreign body, in the activated position.

[0084] DESCRIPTION OF A MODE OF EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

[0085] According to figures 1, 2, 2A, the electric anti-lock control device 100 consists of a body 1 formed of a base 11 and with a cylinder 12 receiving a piston 2 actuated by the driver's foot exerting a push (P) in the direction of the indentation against a return spring 3. The assembly thus formed has overall rotational symmetry with respect to the axis ZZ of the piston 2. The top of the cylinder 21 carries the pad 23 whose sleeve 231 is engaged on the extension 22 of the piston 2, so as to leave the pad 23 accessible and not covered or integrated into the floor covering.

[0086] Fig. 1 shows the control device 100 with its cover 6 but without the pad 23 which is a separate element, customized according to the manufacturer's request, while the other parts of the device 100 are identical for all these pad shapes.

[0087] The control device 100 covered by a hood 6, is fixed to the floor 101 of the passenger compartment, under the covering 102, for example, a carpet, leaving protruding only the extension 22 of the piston 2 and the pad 23. The edge of the opening 103 through which the piston 2 passes is fixed above 62 of the hood 6.

[0088] The stroke of the piston 2 is detected by a translation sensor 4 connected to a sensor signal processing unit 5 corresponding to the driver's request to control the function.

[0089] In more detail, according to [Fig. 2], the base 11 is in the form of a circular crown 111 integral with the cylinder 12 and whose legs 112 are pierced for the The device 100 is fixed to the floor 101 of the passenger compartment. The plate 111 has a groove 113 for a seal for the lower edge of the hood 6 so as to protect the body 1 against dust and moisture.

[0090] The edge 122 of the cylinder 12 leaves the extension 22 of the piston 2 with its collar 21 free to receive by fitting, the sleeve 231 of the pad 23 whose top 232 forms the support surface of the driver's foot.

[0091] The cylinder 12 has a bottom 122 provided with a sleeve 1221 receiving a support 31 for the spring 3. The cylinder 12 is provided, in the upper and lower parts, with a bearing 123 for guiding the piston 2. The cylinder 12 is bordered by two housings 13.

[0092] The upper edge 121 of the cylinder 12 receives the collar 21 of the piston 2 to limit its indentation, thus defining the stroke (A) relative to the upper edge 121 when the piston 2 is in its rest position, in which it is held or returned by the return spring 3. This spring is carried by the support 31 mounted in the bottom 122 of the cylinder 12, which, according to the embodiment shown, is a plate 311 with a relief around which the spring 3 rests. The plate 311 is carried by a rod 313 screwed into the threaded sleeve 1221 so as to allow adjustment of the position of the support and, consequently, the preload of the spring 3.

[0093] The translation of the piston 2 is detected by a translation sensor 4 in the housing 13 cooperating with an index 41 carried by the piston 2. This first sensor-index assembly (4, 41) is duplicated by a second redundant sensor-index assembly (4a, 41a) to guarantee operation if one of the sensors 4, 4a is faulty.

[0094] The assemblies (4, 41) or (4a, 41a) operate by the emission of a local interaction field, inductive or magnetic, emitted by the index (41, 41a) and detected by the respective sensor (4, 4a). The sensors (4, 4a) are connected to associated circuits 51 or to a circuit common to both sensors to generate signals Si, Si' transmitted to the processing unit 5 by a wired connection connected to the pins 52. According to one embodiment, the indexes (41, 41a) are magnets and their environment is not ferromagnetic so as not to interfere with their respective magnetic field, which is of a very local range; For this reason, the indexes 41, 41a and their sensor 4, 4a are preferably in the most distant respective positions from each other, i.e. diametrically opposed positions for the two sensor-index assemblies, so as to dissociate the local fields of interaction.

[0095] According to [Fig. 2], the hood 6 has a bell-shaped or cylindrical side wall 61 with a lower edge 611 and a top 62 terminating in an upper edge 621. The lower edge 611 is in contact with a lower seal 73 and the upper edge 621 is connected by an upper seal 74 to the underside 233 of the pad 23. The upper seal 74 can be a bellows, which is also a possible embodiment of the lower seal 73 between the lower edge 611 and the ring 111 of the base 11.

[0096] The coating 102 is connected securely by the edge of its opening 103 to the top 62 of the hood 6 so that the coating 102 deforms locally around the opening to absorb the stroke of the piston 2 without however deforming the relatively rigid dome formed by the coating 102 which surrounds and covers the hood 6.

[0097] The hood 6, free to move relative to the piston 2, is guided by its side wall 61, with auxiliary spring-loaded guides 73 between the flange 612 of the lower edge 611 and the ring 111 of the base. The guides 71 can simultaneously provide the fixing points of the base 11 to the floor 101.

[0098] Beyond the crown 111, the lugs 112 have a bore 112a to receive a sliding guide 7 formed by a screw 71 which, in this embodiment, also serves to fix the control device 100 to the wall 101. The screw 71 passes through the bore 112a and receives a flanged sleeve 72, clamped between the top of the lug 112 and a nut 71a. An auxiliary spring 73 is engaged on the sleeve 72 to form a spring-loaded sliding guide for the cover 6, the lower edge of which 611a has a flange 612 with bores 613 engaged on each sliding guide 7 of the lugs 112.

[0099] The cross-sectional view of the device 100 according to [Fig. 2A], without its cover 6, makes it easier to identify the details of the device 100. The housings 13 each have a sensor 4, 4a connected to a printed circuit board 51 and a pin 52. The piston 2 has a body 21, the lower part of which has a cavity 24 for receiving the return spring 3 in the form of a helical spring; the return spring 3 bears at one end against the bottom 241 of the cavity 24 and at its other end against the spring support 31. The cavity 24 is provided with vents 242.

[0100] Figure 3A shows the maximum displacement state of the pad 23 and the piston 2, whose flange 21 has come to rest against the upper edge 121 of the cylinder 12. In this limiting position, the cover 6 retains its upper position and the detection of the piston's movement occurs normally without the cover 6 intervening in this detection; its flange 612 is in the upper position on the sliding guides 7. Only the upper seal 64 is deformed by the displacement of the piston 2.

[0101] Figure 3B shows the control device 100 in the case of a foreign body OB lodged in the gap between the underside 233 of the pad 23 and the top 62 of the cover 6. In the position shown, the pad 23, subjected to the thrust P+AP, has sunk in, pulling the cover 6 with it, which does not deform. For the same stroke, the driver must therefore provide a greater thrust P+AP to overcome the restoring force developed by the auxiliary springs 73 in addition to the force of the return spring 3. They ensure safe operation through their redundancy but do not allow for the detection of a foreign body OB lodged in the gap of the control device. 100a. The driver only perceives the foreign body by the additional effort AP to be made to push in the pad 23 and obtain the usual braking effect.

[0102] Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the control device 100' which has overall the same structure as the control device 100, but with only the first sensor-index assembly 4, 41 while the second assembly 4a, 41a, redundant, is replaced by another second assembly 4b, 41b whose second sensor 4b carried by the hood 6 cooperates with an index 41b carried by the piston 2.

[0103] The hood 6 has a housing 65 formed in the side wall 61 in the symmetrical part to that of the housing 13 and in place of the second housing 13 to have the sensor 4b close to the cylinder 12 and within reach of the index 41b of the piston 2.

[0104] Index 41b may be the same as index 41a of the first embodiment and be in the same position. The housing 65, which is merely a local modification of the cover 6, is closed by a cover 651 carrying a pin connector 53 connected to the sensor circuit 4b installed in the housing 65.

[0105] In normal operation ([Fig. 4A]), without incident or foreign body OB between the pad 23 and the cover 6, the second sensor 4b provides a detection signal Si' close to that Si of sensor 4, since the cover 6, and therefore sensor 4a, remain stationary. The two sensors 4 and 4b are equivalent, and in the event of a failure of either one, the piston 2 stroke is detected, enabling braking.

[0106] In the event of blockage ([Fig.4B]) by a foreign body OB under the pad 23, the latter drives the cover 6 which is then integral with the piston 2:

[0107] - the sensor 4 provides a translation signal Si,

[0108] - the sensor 4b provides a zero translation signal (S'i=0) since the sensor 4b and index 41b move at the same time without relative translation between the two.

[0109] Thus:

[0110] * The stroke of the skate 23 measured by the sensor 4 (signal Si) allows the control of the function,

[0111] * the zero stroke (S'i=0) of sensor 4b is interpreted by the processing unit 5 as reflecting the presence of a foreign body OB causing the displacement of sensor 4b and it signals the foreign body incident to the driver,

[0112] * in case of failure of sensor 4, the signal S'i=0 of the zero differential stroke Sensor 4b is then used to signal the incident and trigger the backup operation, since the signal Si' only represents the blockage by the foreign object OB, but does not represent the movement of the pad 23 (push P+AP). Not knowing the cause, the processing unit 5 can only trigger a backup signal or a backup command Ssec.

[0113] Figure 5 shows another variant of the 100” control device in which the first sensor-index assembly (4, 41) and the second assembly (4a, 41a) are retained but the second set is completed by a field disrupting element 41c associated with hood 6.

[0114] In normal operation ([Fig.5A]), with the piston 2 being mobile and the hood 6 remaining fixed: the disturbing element 6c does not practically disturb the interaction between the second sensor 4a and its index 41a since the sensor 4a quickly moves out of the area of ​​action of the disturbing element 41c.

[0115] When a foreign body OB ([Fig.5B]) is blocked between the pad 23 and the top 62 of the hood 6, the disturbing element 41c moves in synchronism with the piston 2 and the index 41a, so that the interaction field of the index 41a is constantly disturbed and the sensor 4a emits a constant disturbed signal Si'p because this effect is constant.

[0116] This signal S'ip is used to signal the foreign body OB to the driver by means of a light or other audible or haptic signal.

[0117] * In the event of failure of the first assembly (4, 41) and without foreign body, the unit of Treatment 5 receives:

[0118] - no signal Si (Si=0) which indicates a failure of the first assembly (4, 41'), and

[0119] - the signal S'i OP = perturbed signal of the rest position of the assembly (4a, 41a, 41c),

[0120] • In the event of failure of the second assembly (4a, 41a, 41c) with or without a body Foreign, processing unit 5 receives:

[0121] - the signal Si measuring the stroke produced by the thrust P or P+AP,

[0122] - the signal S'i=0

[0123] The control device emits:

[0124] - an Sc command in response to the Si signal,

[0125] - a fault signal SA indicating the failure of the second assembly.

[0126] NOMENCLATURE OF MAIN ELEMENTS

[0127] 100, 100', 100” Electrical control device

[0128] 101 Wall / floor

[0129] 102 Floor covering

[0130] 103 Opening of the coating

[0131] 1 Body

[0132] 11 Base

[0133] 111 Crown

[0134] 112 Paw

[0135] 112a Drilling

[0136] 113 Gorge

[0137] 12 Cylinder

[0138] 121 Upper edge

[0139] 122 Fund

[0140] 1221 Sleeve

[0141] 123 Landing

[0142] 13 Housing

[0143] 2 Piston

[0144] 21 Collar

[0145] 22 Piston extension

[0146] 23 Skate

[0147] 231 Sleeve

[0148] 232 Above

[0149] 233 Below

[0150] 24 Cavity

[0151] 241 Fund

[0152] 242 Event

[0153] 243 Gorge

[0154] 3 Return spring

[0155] 31 Spring support

[0156] 311 Plate

[0157] 312 Relief

[0158] 313 Stem

[0159] 4 First translation sensor

[0160] 4a Second translation sensor

[0161] 4b Other second translation sensor

[0162] 41 First index

[0163] 41a Second index

[0164] 41b Other second index

[0165] 41c Disturbing element of the local interaction field

[0166] 5 Processing Unit

[0167] 51 Printed circuit board

[0168] 52 Connector

[0169] 53 Connector

[0170] 6 Hood

[0171] 61 Side wall

[0172] 611Lower edge

[0173] 612 Collar

[0174] 613 Drilling

[0175] 62 Top of the hood

[0176] 621 Upper edge

[0177]

[0178]

[0179]

[0180]

[0181]

[0182]

[0183]

[0184]

[0185]

[0186]

[0187]

[0188]

[0189]

[0190]

[0191]

[0192]

[0193]

[0194]

[0195]

[0196]

[0197]

[0198]

[0199]

[0200]

[0201]

[0202] 622 Enlarged upper edge 63 Lower seal 64 Upper seal 65 Housing 651 Cover 7 Sliding guide 71 Screw 71a Nut 72 Sleeve 73 Auxiliary spring ZZ Piston pin P Thrust on combined spring AP Thrust increase Pmax Maximum thrust Si Signal from first sensor 4 Si=0 First sensor failure 4 S'i Relative displacement measured by the second sensor 4a, 4b Si=0 Zero relative displacement Si'Op Initial signal from the second sensor 4a Disturbed initial signal Si'0 Initial signal not disturbed Si'p Disturbed signal Sc Control signal SA Alarm signal A Pad travel B Cover travel C Maximum interval between the bottom of the cover and the top of the pad

Claims

Demands

1. Driver-operated electrical control device (100, 100', 100") anti-lock braking system, as a linear guidance system for controlling the vehicle's acceleration or braking function, comprising: A. a body with a base (11) carrying a cylinder (12) receiving a piston (2) equipped with an actuating pad (23) to receive the push from the driver's foot, B. a spring system (3) with a spring (31) for returning the piston (2) to its rest position, C. a sensor (4) for the translation of the piston (2) subjected to the push (P) of the driver on the pad (23) and D.an operating unit (5) receiving the signal (Si) from the translation sensor (4) to generate a control signal (SC) of the function in response to the thrust (P), characterized in that it comprises a sliding hood (6): * surrounding the cylinder (12) from the base (11) to the pad (23), * independent of the movement of the piston (1) in the sinking stroke (A) of the pad (23) between its upper rest position and its lower maximum sinking position, * leaving a gap between its top (62) and the bottom (233) of the pad (23), and * connected by sliding to the base (11) by its lower edge (611) by a guide (7) with auxiliary spring (72) holding or returning the hood (6) to its upper rest position.

2. Control device (100, 100', 100”) according to claim 1, characterized in that - the stroke interval (A) is defined by the upper edge (121) of the cylinder (12) and a collar (22) of the piston (2) above which the pad (23) is fixed to the extension (22) of the piston, - the pad (23) installed on the piston leaving with respect to the top (62) of the hood a gap (C) greater than the stroke interval (A) so as not to bear directly on the top (62) of the hood (6) in its stroke (A) between its high rest position and its maximum stroke position.

3. Control device (100, 100', 100”) according to 1, characterized in that the hood (6) has a dome shape with: - a top (62) whose edge (621) borders an opening for the passage of the end (212) of the piston (2) receiving the pad (23), and - a side wall (61) whose lower edge (611) cooperates with the sliding guides (7) of the hood (6), integrating the auxiliary springs (72) for returning the hood (6) to the rest position, - the sliding stroke (B) possible for the pushing movement of the hood (6) being greater than the gap (A) between the top (61) of the hood (6), possibly covered by the floor covering (102) and the underside (233) of the pad (23) and which is accessible to foreign bodies (OB).

4. Control device (100, 100', 100”) according to any one of claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the upper edge (622) of the hood (6) is connected to the underside (233) of the skid (23) by a flexible bellows-shaped seal (64).

5. An electrical control device (100') according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: • a first sensor-index assembly (4, 41) for detecting the stroke depth of the pad (23), - the sensor (4) carried by the cylinder (2) and the index (41) carried by the piston body (2), cooperating with each other through a local interaction field, - the sensor (4) being in the path of the index (41) between the rest position and the maximum stroke position of the piston (2) for maximum thrust (Pmax) on the pad (23) by the driver, and • a second sensor-index assembly (4b, 41a), installed outside the local interaction field of the first assembly, - the index (41a) being carried by the piston (2), - the second sensor (4b) being carried by the cover (6) within the interaction field of its index (41a), • the first assembly (4, 41) providing a signal of translation (Si) of the piston (2) according to the thrust (P) on the pad (23), - the second assembly (4b,41a) providing a signal (Si') of the relative displacement of the piston (2) with respect to the displacement of the sensor (4b) carried by the hood (6) and, - the signals (Si, Si') being provided to the operating unit (5) to generate:, * a control signal (Sc) for the function and, * a warning signal (SA) for the driver if ** the signal (Si) from the first translation sensor (4) is absent and if ** the signal (Si') of the second sensor (4b) carried by the cover (6) indicates a relative displacement of zero (Si'=0) of the second sensor (4b) carried by the cover (6), with respect to its index (41a) carried by the piston (2), or * a backup signal (Ssec) if it receives the nuisance signals (Si=0) and (Si'=0).

6. Electrical control device (100”) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises • a first sensor-index assembly (4, 41) to detect the depth of penetration of the pad (23), - the sensor (4) carried by the cylinder (2) and the index (41) carried by the body of the piston (2) cooperating by a local interaction field, - the sensor (4) being on the path of the index (41) between its rest position and the maximum displacement position of the piston (2) for a maximum thrust (Pmax) on the pad (23) by the driver, • a second sensor-index assembly (4a, 41a), installed outside the interaction field of the first assembly, - the index (41a) being carried by the piston (2), - the sensor (4a) being carried by the cylinder (2) in the interaction field of the index (41a), • a disturbing element (41c) of the local interaction field of the second set (4a, 41a) carried by the cover (6) and installed so that: - at rest, in the initial state, it may or may not be in the local interaction field of the second set (la, 4a), - under push conditions (P), be outside the interaction field of the second set (4a, 41a), - come into the local interaction field of the second set (la, 41a) when the pad (23) drives the hood (6) by the interposition of a foreign body (OB) and disrupt the signal of the index (41a) of the second set.

7. Electrical control device (100”) according to claim 1, characterized in that • The first sensor (4) generates: a translational signal (Si) for the thrust (P) regardless of the state of the second sensor (4a) and the presence or absence of a foreign body (OB) in the gap (A), and - a zero signal (Si=0) if the first assembly (4, 41) is faulty, • the second sensor (4a) generates: - at rest: * a disturbed initial signal (Si'Op) in the rest position if the disturbing element (41c) is initially in the local interaction field of the second assembly (sensor-index) (4a, 41a), * an undisturbed initial signal (Si'O) if the disturbing element (41c) is not initially in the local interaction field of the second assembly (4a, 41a), - during the application of the thrust (P), without insertion of a foreign body (OB), * an undisturbed signal (Si') since the disturbing element (41c) is moved out of the local interaction field of the index (41a) moved with the piston (2), - during the application of the thrust (P+AP), with insertion of a foreign body (OB),: * generate a disturbed signal (Si'p) from the index (41a) throughout the movement of the piston (2) under the thrust (P+AP), * generate a null signal (Si'=0) (no signal) in case of failure of the second assembly (4a, 41a), and • the processing unit (5) generates: ** a control signal (Sc) from the signal (Si) of the first sensor (4), ** a warning signal (SA) if the disturbed signal (Si'p) of the second sensor (4a) accompanies the signal (Si), and ** a backup signal (SSEC) if the signal (Si) is null and the signal (Si') is null and if the signal (S'ip) appears.

8. Control device (100, 100', 100”) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder (21) of the piston (2) has an axial cavity (24) opening into the underside of the piston and receiving the helical return spring (31), pressed against the bottom (241) of the cavity (24) and against a spring support (31) connected to the bottom (122) of the cylinder (12).

9. Control device (100, 100', 100”) according to claim 2, characterized in that The spring support (31) is a plate (311) surmounted by a raised section engaged in the end of the return spring (3) to guide and hold it, the support (31) being integral with an adjustment rod (313) passing, in an adjustable manner, through the bottom (122) of the cylinder (12).

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