Horizontal machining lathe with shock-absorbing braking mechanism

Abstract

A horizontal machining center with a shock-absorbing braking mechanism, comprising a lathe body (1) including a lathe bed (102), a chuck (103), a spindle housing (104), and a slide housing (105). The lathe bed (102) is equipped with a guide rail (108), and the slide housing (105) is equipped with a tool holder assembly (106). One end of the inner shaft (201) near the chuck (103) is provided with a brake disc (203), and the spindle housing (104) is provided with a spindle braking device (5) comprising a first (6) and a second braking device (7) arranged symmetrically on either side of the brake disc (203) and a return device (8) located between the two. (Shortcut figure: Figure 1)

Description

Title of the invention: Horizontal machining lathe with shock-absorbing braking mechanism. Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to machining equipment, in particular a horizontal machining lathe equipped with a shock-absorbing braking mechanism.

[0002] Numerically controlled machine tools can automatically process workpieces according to a pre-programmed machining program. A machining process is defined in the instruction code and program format specified for each numerically controlled machine tool, detailing the machining path, process parameters, tool path, travel quantities, cutting parameters, and auxiliary functions required for the workpiece. The machining process is then stored in a control file, which can be applied to the numerical control device to direct the machine tool to machine the workpiece. The numerically controlled lathe is one of the most widely used numerically controlled machine tools today.The CNC lathe is mainly used for machining internal and external cylindrical surfaces of shaft or disc parts, internal and external conical surfaces of arbitrary cone angles, complex internal and external curved surfaces in rotation, cylindrical and tapered threads, etc. It is also capable of performing other operations such as grooving, drilling, milling, tapping and boring, among others.

[0003] CN patent application no. 200420096470.4 discloses a medium-sized horizontal lathe in which the motor is connected to the lathe's spindle box via a belt pulley, and power is transmitted from the first shaft to the second, then to the fourth, and finally to the main shaft. However, due to the involvement of multiple transmission structures, there may be energy loss during power transmission between them. Furthermore, the main shaft brake relies on motor braking, which results in vibrations and affects cutting performance, as kinetic energy is transferred to the main shaft during the deceleration process. PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

[0004] To remedy the technical defects of the prior art, a horizontal machining lathe equipped with a shock-absorbing braking mechanism has been designed to solve the aforementioned technical problems and meet current demands.

[0005] The horizontal machining center with a shock-absorbing braking mechanism comprises a lathe body including a lathe bed, a chuck, a spindle housing, and a slide box. The chuck is located on one outfeed end of the spindle housing. One end of the lathe bed is fitted with the spindle housing, and the other end is fitted with the tailstock base. The lathe bed is equipped with a guide rail, and the slide box is fitted with a tool holder assembly. The spindle housing is fitted with a spindle assembly, and a power device is connected to the spindle assembly.The spindle assembly comprises an inner shaft and an outer shaft, in which an outer surface of the inner shaft is provided with a set of springs, the two ends of the set of springs are respectively connected to the inner shaft and the outer shaft, the inner shaft passes through the middle of the outer shaft, and the set of springs winds around the inner shaft.

[0006] One end of the inner shaft near the chuck is fitted with a brake disc, and the spindle housing is fitted with a spindle braking device connected to the spindle assembly. The spindle braking device comprises a first brake device and a second brake device arranged symmetrically on either side of the brake disc, as well as a return device located between the first and second brake devices. The first and second brake devices are respectively actuated by means of oil lines on the outer surface of the spindle housing, and the first and second brake devices are respectively fitted with brake pads facing the brake disc.

[0007] According to one embodiment, the first brake device comprises a first cylinder whose opening faces the brake disc, a first piston disposed in the first cylinder, a first piston rod disposed at the rear end of the first piston, and a first slider disposed at the front end of the first piston, in which one end of the first slider facing the brake disc is provided with a first brake pad.

[0008] Furthermore, the first cylinder is provided with a first oil passage, and the outer surface of the spindle housing is provided with a first oil line connected to one end of the first oil passage, the other end of the first oil passage being connected to the rear end of the piston rod. One end of the first piston rod facing the first oil passage is provided with a first sealing block.

[0009] Furthermore, the second brake device comprises a second cylinder whose opening is oriented towards the brake disc, a second piston disposed in the second cylinder, a second piston rod disposed at the rear end of the second piston, and a second slider disposed at the front end of the second piston, one end of the second slider oriented towards the brake disc being equipped with a second brake pad.

[0010] In addition, the second cylinder block is provided with a second oil passage, and the outer surface of the spindle box is provided with a second oil line connected to one end of the second oil passage, the other end of the second oil passage being connected to the rear end of the piston rod, and one end of the second piston rod facing the second oil passage being provided with a first sealing block.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the recovery device comprises a chamber whose opening is oriented towards the brake disc, a third piston disposed in the chamber, a third slider disposed at the front end of the third piston and a third piston rod disposed at the rear end of the third piston, in which the rear end of the third piston rod extends out of the spindle box, and the end of the third piston oriented towards the chamber being provided with a return spring.

[0012] According to another embodiment, the power device comprises a power shaft, a first set of gears and a second set of gears surrounding the power shaft, the transmission between the power shaft and the outer shaft being achieved by the engagement between the first set of gears and the second set of gears.

[0013] According to another embodiment, the spring set comprises a first spring and a second spring, the first and second springs being arranged alternately. One end of the first spring is connected to the inner shaft and the other end is connected to the outer shaft. One end of the second spring is connected to the inner shaft and the other end is connected to the outer shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, a spring chamber is formed between the outer shaft and the inner shaft, and the width of the spring chamber is greater than the width of the spring set. One end of the spring set connected to the inner shaft is fixed horizontally to the inner shaft, and one end of the spring set connected to the outer shaft is bent away from the inner shaft and connected to the outer shaft laterally.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention lie in:

[0016] The brake disc is positioned near the chuck on the inner shaft, and a first brake device and a second brake device are positioned symmetrically in the spindle housing corresponding to the position of the brake disc. The first brake device and the second brake device push the first brake pad and the second brake pad on both sides of the brake disc through the hydraulic oil to perform the braking operation, and the return device can return the first brake pad and the second brake pad to their original position. the brakes are released once the hydraulic oil pressure decreases or disappears. Thus, the overall braking system of the present invention offers the advantages of a simple structure, convenience and reliability, and a rapid braking speed.

[0017] The inner shaft and the outer shaft are connected by the spring set. When torque is transmitted forward or clockwise, the first and second springs are twisted and then wound around the inner shaft, causing the outer shaft to rotate. When torque is transmitted in the opposite direction, the first and second springs are twisted and then wound around the outer shaft, causing the outer shaft to rotate. There is a certain gap between the spring set and the inner shaft and between the spring set and the outer shaft to allow for deformation, thus providing a buffer and reducing vibration. (Figures shown)

[0018] Fig. 1 is a diagram of the overall structure of the horizontal machining lathe equipped with a shock-absorbing braking mechanism within the framework of the present invention.

[0019] Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the spindle box of the invention.

[0020] Fig. 3 is a first enlarged diagram of the structure of part A of Fig. 2.

[0021] [Fig.4] is a second enlarged diagram of the structure of part A of [Fig.2].

[0022] Fig. 5 is a diagram of the structure of the spring system of the present invention.

[0023] Fig. 6 is a diagram of the locking end structure of the invention.

[0024] Reference lists: main lathe body 1, lathe bed 102, chuck 103, spindle box 104, slide box 105, tool holder assembly 106, tailstock base 107, guide rail 108, spindle assembly 2, inner shaft 201, outer shaft 202, brake disc 203, locking end 204, U-shaped groove 205, power device 3, power shaft 301, first gear set 302, second gear set 303, spring set 4, first spring 401, second spring 402, spindle brake device 5, first brake device 6, first cylinder 601, first oil passage 602, first piston rod 603, first oil passage 604, first piston 605, first slide 606, first brake pad 607, first slope 608, second brake device 7, second cylinder 701, second oil line 702, second piston rod 703, second oil passage 704, second piston 705, second slider 706,second brake pad 707, second slope 708, return device 8, chamber 801, third piston 802, third piston rod 803, third sliding block 804, return spring 805, third slope 806. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and corresponding examples, but without limit to the following examples. The necessary elements related to this technical field in the present invention should be considered to be common sense and understandable by a person skilled in the art.

[0026] A horizontal machining center with a shock-absorbing braking mechanism comprises a lathe body 1 including a lathe bed 102, a chuck 103, a spindle housing 104 and a slide housing 105. The chuck 103 is located on one outfeed end of the spindle housing 104. One end of the lathe bed 102 is provided with the spindle housing 104, the other end being provided with a tailstock base 107. The lathe bed 102 is provided with a guide rail 108, and the slide housing 105 is provided with a tool holder assembly 106.

[0027] The spindle box 104 is equipped with a spindle assembly 2 inside and a power device 3 is connected to the spindle assembly 2. The spindle assembly 2 comprises an inner shaft 201 and an outer shaft 202 with a bore, in which an outer surface of the inner shaft 201 is provided with a spring set 4, the two ends of the spring set 4 are respectively connected to the inner shaft 201 and to the outer shaft 202, the inner shaft 201 is disposed in the bore of the outer shaft 202, and the spring set 4 winds around the inner shaft 201.

[0028] One end of the inner shaft 201 near the chuck 103 is provided with a brake disc 203, and the spindle box 104 is provided with a spindle braking device 5 for the spindle assembly 2. The spindle braking device 5 comprises a first brake device 6 and a second brake device 7 arranged symmetrically on either side of the brake disc 203, as well as a return device 8 arranged between the first brake device 6 and the second brake device 7. The first brake device 6 and the second brake device 7 are respectively actuated by means of oil lines arranged on the outer surface of the spindle box 104, and the first brake device 6 and the second brake device 7 are respectively provided with a brake pad oriented towards the brake disc 203.

[0029] In terms of structure, the end of the inner shaft 201 near the chuck 103 is provided with the brake disc 203, in which the brake disc 203 has a circular cross-section and rotates synchronously with the inner shaft 201. The two sides of the brake disc 203 are respectively provided with the first brake device 6 and the second brake device 7, the first brake device 6 and the second brake device 7 being actuated by hydraulic oil for braking, and the first brake device 6 and the second brake device 7 being respectively provided with a first oil line 602 and a second oil line 702 extending out of the outer surface of the spindle box 104, thus being actuated by means of a hydraulic oil distribution device.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the first brake device 6 comprises a first cylinder 601 whose opening faces the brake disc 203, a first piston 605 disposed in the first cylinder 601, a first piston rod 603 disposed at the rear end / attached to the first piston 605, and a first slider 606 disposed at the front end / attached to the first piston 605, in which an end surface of the first slider 606 facing the brake disc 203 is provided with a first brake pad 607.During operation, the first piston 605 is in close contact with an inner wall of the first cylinder 601, and the first piston 605 is actuated by the first piston rod 603 at its rear end to push the first slider 606 towards the opening of the first cylinder 601, so that the first brake pad 607 on the first slider 606 is pushed towards the brake disc 203 until it makes contact with the brake disc 203 to effect deceleration by friction.

[0031] Furthermore, the first cylinder 601 is provided with a first oil passage 604, and the outer surface of the spindle housing 104 is provided with a first oil line 602 connected to one end of the first oil passage 604, with the other end of the first oil passage 604 connected to the rear end of the piston rod 603. The first piston rod 603 is provided with a first sealing block facing the first oil passage 604. When hydraulic oil from the first oil line 602 is pumped into the first oil passage 604 and reaches the first sealing block, the first sealing block is pushed towards one end of the first piston rod 603, and then the first piston rod 603 pushes the first piston 605 towards the brake disc 203, so that the first slider 606 is pushed by the first piston 605 to move in a synchronized manner towards the brake disc 203.

[0032] In addition, the second brake device 7 comprises a second cylinder 701 whose opening faces the brake disc 203, a second piston 705 disposed in the second cylinder 701, a second piston rod 703 disposed at the rear end of the second piston 705, and a second slider 706 disposed at the front end of the second piston 705, in which an end surface of the second slider 706 facing the brake disc 203 is provided with a second brake pad 707.

[0033] In addition, the second cylinder block 701 is provided with a second oil passage 704, and the outer surface of the spindle box 104 is provided with a second oil line 702 connected to one end of the second oil passage 704, with the other end of the second oil passage 704 connected to the rear end of the piston rod 703, and the second piston rod 703 is provided with a first sealing block facing the second oil passage 704.

[0034] It should be noted that the first brake device 6 and the second brake device 7 are arranged symmetrically along both sides of the brake disc 203, and that the corresponding structures and components may be identical. The first brake device 6 and the second brake device 7 are respectively equipped with a first brake pad 607 and a second brake pad 707. The distance between the first brake pad 607 and the brake disc 203 is the same as the distance between the second brake pad 707 and the brake disc 203, so that the brake disc 203 can be clamped and restricted synchronously on both sides during the braking operation, thus achieving a better braking effect.

[0035] According to one embodiment, the recovery device 8 comprises a chamber 801 whose opening faces the brake disc 203, a third piston 802 disposed in the chamber 801, a third slider 804 disposed at the front end of the third piston 802, and a third piston rod 803 disposed at the rear end of the third piston 802, in which the rear end of the third piston rod 803 extends out of the spindle box 104, and the end surface of the third piston 802 facing the chamber 801 is provided with a return spring 805.

[0036] It should be noted that, under normal operating conditions of the spindle gearbox 104, no hydraulic oil is pumped into the first brake device 6 and the second brake device 7; that is, the oil pressure in the first oil passage 604 and the second oil passage 704 is zero. The return device 8 separates the first brake pad 607 and the second brake pad 707 from the brake disc 203, so that the inner shaft 201 is able to rotate normally or smoothly. More specifically, the third piston 802 pushes the third slider 804 towards the brake disc 203 by means of the return spring 805, and the end of the third sliding block 804 is extended to separate and return the first brake pad 607 and the second brake pad 707 to the brake disc 203.

[0037] During the braking process of the spindle gearbox 104, hydraulic oil is pumped respectively through the first oil line 602 and the second oil line 702 and into the first oil passage 604 and the second oil passage 704. When the pressure in the first oil passage 604 and the second oil passage 704 exceeds a predetermined pressure, the elastic force of the return spring 805, the first piston rod 603, and the second piston rod 703 respectively push the first piston 605 and the second piston 705 to slide towards the brake disc 203, so that the front ends of the first slider 606 and the second slider 706 come into contact with the brake disc 203 for braking. After the brake operation stops, the oil pressure in the first oil passage 604 and the second oil passage 704, returns to zero, and the third slider 804 pushes the first brake device 6 and the second brake device 7 to reset by means of the return spring 805. Thus, the braking system of the present invention has the advantages of a simple structure, convenience and reliability, and a fast braking speed.

[0038] According to one embodiment, the front end of the first brake pad 607 has a first slope 608 oriented towards the return device 8, and the front end of the second brake pad 707 has a second slope 708 oriented towards the return device 8. The width of the chamber opening 801 is less than the inner diameter of the active cavity 801. The front end of the third slider 804 has three slopes 806 corresponding to the chamber opening 801, on both sides. During return, the third slider 804 is forced downwards by the action of the return spring 805, and the third slopes 806 are inserted downwards between the first slope 608 and the second slope 708, so that the first brake device 6 and the second brake device 7 are returned to their original position. The structure is therefore simpler and more reliable.

[0039] According to another embodiment, the power device 3 comprises a power shaft 301, a first set of gears 302 and a second set of gears 303 surrounding the power shaft 301, the transmission between the power shaft 301 and the outer shaft 202 being achieved by the engagement between the first set of gears 302 and the second set of gears 303.

[0040] According to another embodiment, the spring set 4 comprises a first spring 401 and a second spring 402, the first spring 401 and the second spring 402 being arranged alternately. One end of the first spring 401 is connected to the inner shaft 201 and the other end is connected to the outer shaft 202, and one end of the second spring 402 is connected to the inner shaft 201 and the other end is connected to the outer shaft 202.

[0041] The inner shaft 201 and the outer shaft 202 are connected by the spring set 4. In one embodiment, when the torque is transmitted clockwise, the first spring 401 and the second spring 402 are twisted and then wound around the inner shaft 201, so as to cause the outer shaft 202 to rotate. When the torque is transmitted counterclockwise, the first spring 401 and the second spring 402 are twisted and then wound around the outer shaft 202, so as to cause the outer shaft 202 to rotate. There is a certain gap between the spring set 4 and the inner shaft 201 and the outer shaft 202 to allow for deformation, forming a buffer and reducing vibrations.

[0042] The inner shaft 201 is provided with a locking end 204 around the inner shaft 201 at an end near the brake disc 203, in which the end of The locking mechanism 204 is provided with U-shaped grooves 205, the number of which corresponds to the number of springs in the spring set 4. The notch of the U-shaped groove 205 fits into the inner wall of the bore of the outer shaft 202, and one end of the spring set 4 connected to the inner shaft 201 is inserted into the U-shaped groove 205 of the locking end 204.

[0043] In addition, a spring chamber is formed between the outer shaft 202 and the inner shaft 201, and the width of the spring chamber is greater than the width of the spring set 4. The end of the spring set 4 connected to the inner shaft 201 is mounted horizontally on the inner shaft 201, and one end of the spring set 4 connected to the outer shaft 202 is bent (away from the inner shaft 201) and connected to the outer shaft 202. The winding angle of the spring group 4 around the inner shaft 201 or the outer shaft 202 is between 10° and 180°, and can be modified according to the actual interaction between the inner shaft 201 and the outer shaft 202.

[0044] The foregoing is merely a preferred example of the present invention. It should be noted that, without departing from the principle of the present invention, certain improvements and modifications may be made by a person skilled in the art, and such improvements and modifications shall also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Demands Horizontal machining lathe with a shock-absorbing braking mechanism, comprising a lathe body (1), in which the lathe body (1) includes a lathe bed (102), a chuck (103), a spindle box (104) and a slide box (105), and in which the chuck (103) is disposed on one output end of the spindle box (104), the lathe bed (102) is provided with the spindle box (104) at one end and a tailstock base (107) at the other end, the lathe bed (102) is provided with a guide rail (108), and the slide box (105) is provided with a tool holder assembly (106); • in which the spindle box (104) is provided with a spindle assembly (2) and a power device (3) is connected to the spindle assembly (2), the spindle assembly (2) comprises an inner shaft (201) and an outer shaft (202) with a bore, and in which the inner shaft (201) is provided with a set of springs (4) on its outer surface, such that the two ends of the set of springs (4) are respectively connected to the inner shaft (201) and to the outer shaft (202), in which the inner shaft (201) is disposed in the bore of the outer shaft (202), and the set of springs (4) wraps around the inner shaft (201); • and wherein one end of the inner shaft (201) near the chuck (103) is provided with a brake disc (203), and wherein the spindle housing (104) is provided with a spindle braking device (5) for the spindle assembly (2), the spindle braking device (5) comprising a first brake device (6) and a second brake device (7) arranged symmetrically on both sides of the brake disc (203), and a return device (8) disposed between the first brake device (6) and the second brake device (7), the first brake device (6) and the second brake device (7) are respectively actuated by means of oil lines on the outer surface of the spindle housing (104), and the first brake device (6) and the second brake device (7) are actuated by means of oil lines on the outer surface of the spindle housing (104). brake (7) are respectively fitted with brake pads in the direction of the brake disc (203).

2. Horizontal machining lathe with shock-absorbing braking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the first brake device (6) comprises a first cylinder (601) with an opening oriented towards the brake disc (203), a first piston (605) disposed in the first cylinder (601), a first piston rod (603) disposed at the rear end of the first piston (605), and a first slider (606) disposed at the front end of the first piston (605), and wherein one end of the first slider (606) oriented towards the brake disc (203) is provided with a first brake pad (607).

3. Horizontal machining lathe with shock-absorbing braking mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the first cylinder (601) is provided with a first oil passage (604), the spindle box (104) is provided with a first oil line (602) connected to the first oil passage (604), the first oil passage (604) is connected to a rear end of the piston rod (603), and wherein one end of the first piston rod (603) facing the first oil passage (604) is provided with a first sealing block.

4. Horizontal machining lathe with shock-absorbing braking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the second brake device (7) comprises a second cylinder (701) with an opening oriented towards the brake disc (203), a second piston (705) disposed in the second cylinder (701), a second piston rod (703) disposed at the rear end of the second piston (705), and a second slider (706) disposed at the front end of the second piston (705), and wherein one end of the second slider (706) oriented towards the brake disc (203) is provided with a second brake pad (707).

5. A horizontal machining center with a shock-absorbing braking mechanism according to claim 4, wherein the second cylinder block (701) is provided with a second oil passage (704), and the spindle housing (104) is provided with a second oil line (702) connected to the second oil passage (704), the second oil passage (704) being connected to the second piston rod (703), and one end of the second piston rod (703) facing the second oil passage (704) is provided with a first sealing block.

6. Horizontal machining lathe with shock-absorbing braking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the return device (8) comprises a chamber (801) with an opening oriented towards the brake disc (203), a third piston (802) disposed in the chamber (801), a third slider (804) disposed at the front end of the third piston (802), and a third piston rod (803) disposed at the rear end of the third piston (802), wherein the rear end of the third piston rod (803) extends out of the spindle box (104), and one end of the third piston (802) oriented towards the chamber (801) is provided with a return spring (805).

7. Horizontal machining lathe with shock-absorbing braking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the power device (3) comprises a power shaft (301), a first set of gears (302) and a second set of gears (303) surrounding the power shaft (301), and wherein the transmission between the power shaft (301) and the outer shaft (202) is achieved by the engagement between the first set of gears (302) and the second set of gears (303).

8. Horizontal machining lathe with shock-absorbing braking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the spring set (4) comprises a first spring (401) and a second spring (402) arranged alternately, the first spring (401) being connected to the inner shaft (201) at one end and connected to the outer shaft (202) at the other end, and the second spring (402) being connected to the inner shaft (201) at one end and connected to the outer shaft (202) at the other end.

9. Horizontal machining lathe with shock-absorbing braking mechanism according to claim 8, wherein a spring chamber is formed between the outer shaft (202) and the inner shaft (201), and the width of the spring chamber is greater than the width of the spring set (4), and wherein one end of the spring set (4) connected to the inner shaft (201) is mounted horizontally on the inner shaft (201), and one end of the spring set (4) connected to the outer shaft (202) is bent away from the inner shaft (201) and connected to the outer shaft (202).