Adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller

Abstract

Axial flow impeller with impact absorbing hub arrangement An axial flow pump impeller has an impeller hub 5 fixed to a shaft 10, and a sliding hub 3 which is connected to the impeller hub 5 via a bal

Description

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[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fluid machinery, and in particular to an adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller. BACKGROUND

[0002] A pump is a machine for transporting a fluid or pressurizing a fluid, and it transfers mechanical energy of a prime mover or other external energy to a liquid, thereby increasing the energy of the liquid. Pumps are mainly used to transport liquids such as water, oil, acid-base solutions, emulsions, suspension emulsions, and liquid metals, as well as liquid-gas mixtures and liquids containing suspended solids. Pumps are classified into centrifugal pumps, mixed-flow pumps, axial flow pumps, and tubular pumps according to magnitudes of their specific speeds. Axial flow pumps have large flow rates and are often used in large-scale water diversion projects such as the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Usually, water sources of large-scale water diversion projects have high quality and good ecological environments, so there are many aquatic organisms.

[0003] However, traditional barriers cannot completely block aquatic organisms, resulting in some organisms passively entering axial flow pumps in pump stations with liquid flows. After passing through impellers and guide vanes, the organisms suffer a certain degree of damage or even die directly. On the one hand, the biodiversity of reservoir areas is affected, and some endangered species may be difficult to recover; on the other hand, dead aquatic organisms affect the quality of water sources. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the ecological friendliness of axial flow pump stations and reduce the damage rate of aquatic organisms passing through the pumps.

[0004] The patented technology with the publication number CN102400947A proposes a forward-swept blade inlet edge. However, to prevent entanglement with debris, it is set in that patent that the blade has a thin rim and a thick hub, resulting in a higher circumferential speed at the rim and greater cutting force on fish. Consequently, the mortality rate of fish rises accordingly. SUMMARY

[0005] Aimed at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller to improve a survival rate of aquatic organisms after passing through an axial flow pump station, and avoid massive injury and death of the organisms.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0007] An adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller includes hubs, a rotating shaft, and axial flow pump blades. The rotating shaft is configured to drive the hubs to rotate. The hubs include a sliding hub and an impeller hub. The impeller hub is in transmission fit with the rotating shaft, and the axial flow pump blades are mounted on an outer side of the sliding hub. A plurality of balls are mounted between an inner ring of the sliding hub and an outer ring of the impeller hub, and the plurality of balls are configured for torque transmission and enabling circumferential sliding between the sliding hub and the impeller hub when the axial flow pump blades are subjected to an external force. A buffering and resetting device is arranged between the sliding hub and the impeller hub to buffer the circumferential sliding and reset the sliding hub.

[0008] Further, a plurality of paired arc-shaped grooves are respectively arranged between the inner ring of the sliding hub and the outer ring of the impeller hub, the plurality of paired arc-shaped grooves constitute ball mounting grooves, and the plurality of balls are placed in the ball mounting grooves.

[0009] Further, an inclination angle of the ball mounting grooves is 45° to 90°, and an inclination direction of the plurality of paired arc-shaped grooves is opposite to a rotation direction of the axial flow pump impeller, allowing the sliding hub to move helically in an axial direction under an action of the external force.

[0010] Further, the inner ring of the sliding hub is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped through grooves, and the outer ring of the impeller hub is provided with arc-shaped two-ends-closed grooves, the plurality of arc-shaped through grooves and the arc-shaped two-ends-closed grooves together constitute the ball mounting grooves, and the arc-shaped two-ends-closed grooves are configured to constrain movement of the plurality of balls within groove channels.

[0011] Further, a positioning seal ring is mounted at one end of the impeller hub, one end of the sliding hub is provided with a cavity, one end of the buffering and resetting device is connected to a wall surface of the cavity of the sliding hub, and the other end of the buffering and resetting device is connected to the positioning seal ring; under the action of an external force, the sliding hub moves helically in the axial direction so that the buffering and resetting device stores energy, and when the external force decreases, the buffering and resetting device releases the energy so that the sliding hub moves helically in an opposite direction.

[0012] Further, a flow guide cap is mounted at one end of the rotating shaft, and a fixing rotation direction of the flow guide cap is opposite to a rotation direction of the axial flow pump impeller; and one end of the flow guide cap is provided with a high step and a low step in sequence according to radial heights, where the low step is configured for axial positioning of the other end of the impeller hub, and the high step is configured to support the sliding hub.

[0013] Further, a depth H of the high step is greater than a maximum compression amount of the buffering and resetting device, thereby blocking a gap generated by the movement of the sliding hub, improving flow stability, and reducing losses.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. In the adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller described in the present invention, the hubs include the sliding hub and the impeller hub, the impeller hub is in transmission fit with the rotating shaft, and the axial flow pump blades are mounted on the outer side of the sliding hub; the plurality of balls are mounted between the inner ring of the sliding hub and the outer ring of the impeller hub, and supporting and torque transmission are realized by the balls. When the blades impact aquatic organisms, a reaction force of the organisms on the blades is transmitted to the balls, so that circumferential sliding is generated between the sliding hub and the impeller hub. The buffering and resetting device can buffer the circumferential sliding, and reduce the rotation speed of the blades in a short period of time, thereby buffering the impact force between the blades and the organisms, and alleviating organism damage.

[0016] 2. In the adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller described in the present invention, due to the inclination angle of the ball mounting grooves being 45° to 90°, and the inclination direction of the arc-shaped grooves being opposite to the rotation direction of the axial flow pump impeller, the reaction force of the organisms on the blades causes the sliding hub to move helically in the axial direction.

[0017] 3. In the adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller described in the present invention, the depth H of the high step is greater than the maximum compression amount of the buffering and resetting device, thereby blocking the gap generated by the movement of the sliding hub, improving the flow stability, and reducing the losses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] To illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, it is obvious that other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] FIG. 1 is a half-sectional view of an adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller according to the present invention.

[0020] FIG. 2 is a radial sectional view of an adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller according to the present invention.

[0021] FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a flow guide cap of an adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller according to the present invention.

[0022] FIG. 4 is an axial expanded view of a sliding hub according to the present invention.

[0023] FIG. 5 is an axial expanded view of an impeller hub according to the present invention.

[0024] In the drawings:

[0025] 1-Flow guide cap; 2-Ball; 3-Sliding hub; 4-Axial flow pump blade; 5-Impeller hub; 7-Buffer spring; 8-Positioning seal ring; 9-Key; 10-Rotating shaft; 11-High step; 12-Low step. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout the embodiments. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and shall not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "central", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a restriction on the present invention. Further, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Consequently, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of' means two or more, unless otherwise specifically and specifically defined.

[0028] In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms "mount," "couple," "connect," "fix", and the like should be understood in a broad sense, such as, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; or a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; or a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] As shown m FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller according to the present invention includes hubs, a rotating shaft 10, and axial flow pump blades 4. The hubs include a sliding hub 3 and an impeller hub 5. The impeller hub 5 is in transmission fit with the rotating shaft 10 through a guide key. The rotating shaft 10 is configured to drive the impeller hub 5 to rotate. The axial flow pump blades 4 are mounted on an outer side of the sliding hub 3. A plurality of balls 2 are mounted between an inner ring of the sliding hub 3 and an outer ring of the impeller hub 5. The plurality of balls 2 placed in ball mounting grooves can achieve torque transmission. The balls 2 can freely rotate in the ball mounting grooves, and when the axial flow pump blades 4 are subjected to an external force, circumferential sliding is generated between the sliding hub 3 and the impeller hub 5. A buffering and resetting device is arranged between the sliding hub 3 and the impeller hub 5 to buffer the circumferential sliding and reset the sliding hub 3. In the adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller according to the present invention, when the axial flow pump blades 4 impact aquatic organisms, a reaction force of the organisms on the axial flow pump blades 4 is transmitted to the balls 2, so that the circumferential sliding between the sliding hub 3 and the impeller hub 5 is generated. The buffering and resetting device can buffer the circumferential sliding, and reduce the rotation speed of the blades in a short period of time, thereby buffering the impact force between the blades and the organisms, and reducing the damage to the organisms.

[0030] A plurality of paired arc-shaped grooves are respectively arranged between the inner ring of the sliding hub 3 and the outer ring of the impeller hub 5, the plurality of paired arc-shaped grooves constitute the ball mounting grooves, and the plurality of balls 2 are placed in the ball mounting grooves. The inner ring of the sliding hub 3 is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped through grooves, while the outer ring of the impeller hub 5 is provided with arc-shaped two-ends-closed grooves, to facilitate the mounting of the balls 2. The arc-shaped through grooves and the arc-shaped two-ends-closed grooves together constitute the ball mounting grooves, and the arc-shaped two-ends-closed grooves are configured to constrain movement of the balls 2 within groove channels.

[0031] In order to facilitate helical movement of the sliding hub 3 in an axial direction, an inclination angle of the ball mounting grooves is 45° to 90°, and an inclination direction of the arcshaped grooves is opposite to a rotation direction of the axial flow pump impeller. In this way, the reaction force of organisms on the blades causes the helical movement of the sliding hub in the axial direction, thereby protecting underwater organisms. Generally, the inclination angle of the arcshaped grooves here is considered as a helical angle, and may be an included angle between the arcshaped groove and an expanded edge of its circumference after axial expansion of the arc-shaped groove, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5. The inclination angle in the figure is denoted as a.

[0032] In the embodiments shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, there are two symmetrical ball mounting grooves between the inner ring of the sliding hub 3 and the outer ring of the impeller hub 5. The inclination angle of the ball mounting grooves is set to 90°, 75°, 60°, or 45°. FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show schematic diagrams of ball mounting grooves with inclination angles of 90°, 75°, 60°, and 45°, but this does not mean that the sliding hub 3 necessarily has ball mounting grooves respectively with all four angles. Generally, there may only be ball mounting grooves with one inclination angle. The balls will fill the ball mounting grooves with one inclination angle, and a larger inclination angle results in a greater circumferential displacement and a more pronounced buffering effect. If ball mounting grooves with a 90-degree inclination angle are used, there will be no buffering effect. For different underwater organisms, by simultaneously replacing the sliding hub 3 and the impeller hub 5 with those having mounting grooves with different inclination angles, the buffering effect of the axial flow pump impeller is adjustable.

[0033] In the embodiment, the buffering and resetting device is a buffer spring 7. A positioning seal ring 8 is mounted at one end of the impeller hub 5, one end of the sliding hub 3 is provided with a cavity, one end of the buffer spring 7 is connected to a wall surface of the cavity of the sliding hub 3, and the other end of the buffer spring 7 is connected to the positioning seal ring 8. Under the action of an external force, the sliding hub 3 moves helically in the axial direction so that the buffer spring 7 stores energy, thereby generating resistance to slow down an axial movement speed of the sliding hub 3. When the external force decreases, the buffering and resetting device releases the energy so that the sliding hub 3 moves helically in an opposite direction.

[0034] As shown in FIG. 4, a flow guide cap 1 is mounted at one end of the rotating shaft 10, and a fixing rotation direction of the flow guide cap 1 is opposite to a rotation direction of the axial flow pump impeller. One end of the flow guide cap 1 is provided with a high step 11 and a low step 12 in sequence according to radial heights. The low step 12 is configured for axial positioning of the other end of the impeller hub 5. The high step 11 is configured to support the sliding hub 3. A depth H of the high step 11 is greater than a maximum compression amount of the buffering and resetting device, thereby blocking a gap caused by the movement of the sliding hub, improving flow stability, and reducing losses.

[0035] The present invention adopts various eco-friendly designs for the axial flow pump impeller, thereby reducing a relative speed when the axial flow pump blades collide with aquatic organisms, alleviating the scratching damage to the organisms' skin, and enhancing the safety of the organisms.

[0036] It should be understood that although this specification is described in accordance with various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This manner of description m the specification is merely for the sake of clarity. Those of skill in the art shall consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in the embodiments may also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those of skill in the art.

[0037] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific explanations for the feasible embodiments of the present invention; they are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller, comprising hubs, a rotating shaft (10), and axial flow pump blades (4), the rotating shaft (10) being configured to drive the hubs to rotate, characterized in that the hubs comprise a sliding hub (3) and an impeller hub (5), the impeller hub (5) is in transmission fit with the rotating shaft (10), and the axial flow pump blades (4) are mounted on an outer side of the sliding hub (3); a plurality of balls (2) are mounted between an inner ring of the sliding hub (3) and an outer ring of the impeller hub (5), and the plurality of balls (2) are configured for torque transmission and enabling circumferential sliding between the sliding hub (3) and the impeller hub (5) when the axial flow pump blades (4) are subjected to an external force; and a buffering and resetting device is arranged between the sliding hub (3) and the impeller hub (5) to buffer the circumferential sliding and reset the sliding hub (3).

2. The adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller according to claim 1, characterized m that a plurality of paired arc-shaped grooves are respectively arranged between the inner ring of the sliding hub (3) and the outer ring of the impeller hub (5), the plurality of paired arc-shaped grooves constitute ball mounting grooves, and the plurality of balls (2) are placed in the ball mounting grooves.

3. The adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller according to claim 2, characterized m that an inclination angle of the ball mounting grooves is 45° to 90°, and an inclination direction of the ball mounting grooves is opposite to a rotation direction of the axial flow pump impeller, allowing the sliding hub (3) to move helically in an axial direction under an action of the external force.

4. The adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner ring of the sliding hub (3) is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped through grooves, and the outer ring of the impeller hub (5) is provided with arc-shaped two-ends-closed grooves, the arcshaped through grooves and the arc-shaped two-ends-closed grooves together constitute the ball mounting grooves, and the arc-shaped two-ends-closed grooves are configured to constrainmovement of the plurality of balls (2) within groove channels.

5. The adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller according to claim 3, characterized in that a positioning seal ring (8) is mounted at one end of the impeller hub (5), one end of the sliding hub (3) is provided with a cavity, one end of the buffering and resetting device is connected to a wall surface of the cavity of the sliding hub (3), and the other end of the buffering and resetting device is connected to the positioning seal ring (8); under the action of the external force, the sliding hub (3) moves helically in the axial direction so that the buffering and resetting device stores energy, and when the external force decreases, the buffering and resetting device releases the energy so that the sliding hub (3) moves helically in an opposite direction.

6. The adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that a flow guide cap (1) is mounted at one end of the rotating shaft (10), and a fixing rotation direction of the flow guide cap (1) is opposite to a rotation direction of the axial flow pump impeller; and one end of the flow guide cap (1) is provided with a high step (11) and a low step (12) in sequence according to radial heights, wherein the low step (12) is configured for axial positioning of the other end of the impeller hub (5), and the high step (11) is configured to support the sliding hub (3).

7. The adjustable slide-buffering axial flow pump impeller according to claim 6, characterized in that a depth H of the high step (11) is greater than a maximum compression amount of the buffering and resetting device.

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