Tape type spreading machine with adjustable automatic electric earthing system

Abstract

The tape spreader type has an adjustable automatic electric soiling system, designed in the field of agricultural machinery and mechanized drip irrigation equipment. The use of drip irrigation tapes requires precise and uniform installation of the tape in the fields, which is faced with difficulties such as fixing the tape on the soil surface and adjusting the depth of the tape placement. This device, with four parallel spreading units, performs tape spreading operations in two surface methods along with automatic sectional soiling and subsurface with the ability to adjust the depth. The electric earthmoving system, with automatic and adjustable operation, is managed through a central control panel and provides settings such as the distance between earthmoving sections, earthmoving length, and the penetration depth of the earthmoving machines electronically. The machine is equipped with a suspension system to maintain a uniform height of the spreading units relative to the crop bed and has the ability to create regular furrows with adjustable furrowing furrows, which is applicable to all types of crops and non-sloping lands, including manual cultivation conditions, and the possibility of furrowing and spreading the strip simultaneously is provided. This machine is mainly designed for implementing drip irrigation strips in corn, wheat, barley, rapeseed, onion and other crop fields.

Description

Description of the invention Title of the invention Tape spreader with adjustable automatic electric grounding system Technical background of the relevant invention This invention is in the field of agricultural machinery and mechanized drip irrigation equipment and introduces a device that is capable of spreading drip irrigation strips on the surface, with automatic soil placement on the strip, and also subsurface with the ability to adjust the depth of the strip, in different types of fields. Technical problem and stating the objectives of the invention The presence of mechanized devices and machinery in the agricultural sector increases the speed of agricultural operations and reduces administrative costs. In the field of irrigation of farms, due to the importance of reducing water waste and optimizing its consumption, the use of drip irrigation tapes has received special attention. However, the use of this modern irrigation method requires significant human resources (with high man-hours) and the time-consuming process of spreading drip tapes; factors that lead to increased administrative costs, reduced farmer's profit margins, and ultimately, increased final product prices. On the other hand, the existing problems in providing efficient manpower to carry out the operation of spreading irrigation tapes pose an additional challenge for farmers. Accordingly, mechanization of this part of the irrigation process can play an effective role in resolving human resources-related problems and reducing administrative costs. The tractor-mounted drip irrigation tape spreader is designed to spread four rows of drip irrigation tape in the field simultaneously. The design of this device is such that it can perform in fields with various crops, including wheat, corn, sugar beets, rapeseed, onions and other products, according to the needs of that crop. Also, this device is capable of spreading the irrigation tape in both cultivated and unprepared fields. Among the goals considered in the design of this device are the following: - Reducing operational costs in the stages of planting crops - Increasing the speed of implementing drip irrigation systems in farms - Solving the problem of lack of efficient manpower and significantly reducing the man-hours required in the process of installing irrigation tapes A description of the state of the prior art and the history of developments related to the claimed invention. So far, various examples of irrigation tape spreading devices have been manufactured worldwide; however, the efficiency and performance of many of them are limited and they face challenges and limitations depending on the type of irrigation tapes produced, climatic conditions, soil type, and cultivation methods. On the other hand, surveys and searches conducted in the Intellectual Property Center's Industrial Design and Patent Database (the country's document and property registration website) show that no patent has been found with the title of this device or a similar example. The following is a brief review of similar foreign examples of drip irrigation tape spreading devices. 1. Rain-Flo company production machine (USA) The company has produced two models of drip irrigation tape spreaders, subsurface and surface. However, some of the limitations and disadvantages of these devices include: - Ineffective in planted beds (such as corn) due to disturbing the structure of the planting bed. - Use of pressurized irrigation tapes, which are not compatible with the standard tapes used in many agricultural areas. - The lack of a separate suspension system for each row, which leads to difficulty in maintaining the exact distance from the bed surface and disrupting the position of the planted seeds. 2. Production machine of ODV Techniek (Netherlands) The company's subsurface model also has significant limitations, including: - Ineffective in fields with planted beds, such as corn fields. - Incompatibility with domestically produced irrigation tapes. - Machine manufactured by Andros Company (USA) The models designed by this company, similar to previous models, face limitations, including the following: - General earthing over the drip tape in a superficial state, which in sloping lands can cause a vacuum in the tape and suction of fine soil particles into the outlet pores, ultimately causing them to clog. - When used in planted fields (such as corn or sugar beets), due to the destruction of the planting bed and excessive soil accumulation on the seeds, there is a possibility of increasing the planting depth and reducing the greening rate, which reduces the efficiency of the device. A review of the Patentscope (WIPO) database shows that the devices registered in this field are mostly similar to those manufactured by the aforementioned international companies, each with limitations in performance, type of irrigation tape used, or adaptability to different cultivation and climate conditions. Some examples of these inventions are as follows: 1. In patent publication number 216219253 and application number 202123237628.8 in 2022, Mr. Liu Hai et al. disclosed a device in which a ball guides a drip tape into the soil through a guide channel. 2. In the patent publication number 117859459 and application number 202410222611.4 in 2024, Mr. Li Cheng and colleagues disclosed a device in which several balls of drip irrigation tape are placed on the device and 6 lines of drip irrigation tape are simultaneously drawn and completely covered with soil. The compact distance between the lines of the irrigation tape and the lack of adjustment of the distance between them and the lack of application in crops such as corn, beets, wheat, etc. are among the disadvantages of this device. 3. In the patent publication number 217486886 and application number 202221272354.8 in 2022, Mr. Wang Shunxia and colleagues disclosed a device in which a drip irrigation tape is placed deep in the soil through a guided blade. This device cannot be used due to the limitations of planted beds such as corn, which leads to disruption of the planted bed. 4. In the patent publication number 116326272 and application number 202310440010.6 in 2023, Mr. Li Guofang and colleagues disclosed a device in which the irrigation tape is placed in the soil source through a guided channel and is completely buried. The disadvantages of this device include the lack of a separate suspension system and the complete burial of the irrigation tape under the soil. 5. In the patent publication number 107371494 and application number 201710735920.1 in 2017, Mr. Yang Hengshan and colleagues disclosed a device in which drip irrigation tape balls are installed on a fertilizer and seeding device and the irrigation tape is placed inside the soil bed through a guide channel and is completely covered on it. Providing a solution to an existing technical problem along with an accurate, sufficient, and integrated description of the invention This device is capable of implementing drip irrigation tape in a variety of ways that suit different agricultural conditions, including the following: - Surface striping with cross-sectional backfilling on each strip row automatically, with the ability to adjust the distance between backfilling points and also adjust the backfill volume electronically via the device's control panel. - Surface striping with complete backfilling of soil over the strip to better stabilize the strip in specific climatic or soil conditions. - Subsurface tape application with the ability to adjust the depth of the irrigation tape relative to the ground surface, according to the type of crop and cultivation conditions. - Rigging or furrowing simultaneously with widening the irrigation strip, in order to create regular height differences on flat, non-sloping lands, to increase the irrigation level and expand the area of ​​moisture penetration in crops such as wheat, rapeseed, and other similar crops. The aforementioned capabilities will enable the complete mechanization of the process of implementing drip irrigation strips in agricultural fields, significantly reducing the need for skilled manpower (man-hours), increasing accuracy and order in implementing the irrigation strip, and ultimately reducing the implementation costs of drip irrigation systems. A) Providing technical solutions to problems related to device capabilities: 1- Surface striping with sectional and automatic earthwork In some fields, such as corn and sugar beet fields, where the planting bed is sensitive after seeding and subsurface striping leads to disruption of the planting bed, the use of surface striping combined with controlled, sectional earthing is recommended. In this method, soil is ploughed through independent and adjustable soil turners for each row, preventing the seeds from moving and disrupting the order of the planting bed. Also, the lack of complete coverage of the strip by soil in this method prevents pressure drop along the strips and maintains uniform performance of the irrigation system. This method is very practical and preferred for various crops such as corn, wheat, rapeseed, onion, etc., because in addition to the ease of collecting the strips after harvesting, the efficiency of the irrigation system also remains optimal. 2- Surface striping with complete backfilling In areas with hot climates and high evaporation, such as tropical areas, it is essential to use the full soil backfill method on the irrigation tape to reduce surface water evaporation. The device in question, using an independent suspension system for each row and the ability to precisely adjust the height of the tape relative to the ground surface, places the irrigation tapes in the right place and with the minimum amount of soil backfill. This design reduces pressure drop, prevents excessive evaporation, makes it easier to collect the tapes, and reduces damage to the tapes by animals. 3- Subsurface taping with tape placement depth adjustment For some high-pressure irrigation tapes, the device has the ability to bury the tape at an adjustable depth under the soil. This feature allows for subsurface irrigation, which greatly reduces water evaporation, especially in hot climates, and delivers water and fertilizer directly to the root zone of plants. As a result, water and fertilizer waste is reduced and the plant's use of water and nutrients is optimized. 4- Simultaneous grooving with striping to increase moisture overlap In fields with completely flat surfaces such as wheat, barley and rapeseed, one of the common problems is the lack of overlap of moisture layers between the rows of irrigation tape. Some farmers resort to increasing the number of tape rows or increasing the irrigation time to solve this problem, which respectively increases the cost of the tapes and water waste. The ability to furrow or furrow simultaneously with the tape pulling in this device creates regular elevations (zigzag cross-section profile) in the ground, which increases water flow and overlaps moisture layers, and ultimately leads to a reduction in the number of tape rows, a reduction in irrigation time and significant savings in resources. B) Description and explanation of the invention: All components of this device are mounted on the main chassis of the device (1) and are connected to the tractor through a three-point linkage. This device has four rows of drip irrigation tape spreader assemblies (2), each row consisting of different sections. These sections are: - The chassis of each irrigation type tape spreader set (2-2) is mounted on the main chassis of the device (1) using bolts and nuts and has a separate suspension system from the other rows. - On this chassis (2-2), a soil leveling paddle (5-2) is mounted, which is located in front of the rubber wheel that adjusts the height from the soil surface (4-2). - The drip tape support assembly and guide rollers (3-2) are also installed on the spreader assembly chassis (2-2) to guide the irrigation tape into the tape guide tube to the soil surface (6-2). At the end of each set of spreaders is the automatic embankment section (1-2), which itself consists of various components, including: - Component holding frame (2-1-2) - Electro gearbox (1-1-2) - Shoulder gear (3-1-2) and counter gear (4-1-2) to convert rotary motion into linear motion - Linear block bearings (7-1-2) mounted on the component support frame to guide the backhoe support base (5-1-2) - Soil turners (6-1-2) which are installed on the support base (5-1-2). - The cover (8-1-2) is also installed on the automatic embankment assembly (1-2) to protect sensitive parts from dust. If subsurface striping is required, the automatic embankment section can be removed and a fixed striper (7-2) installed instead, which includes: - Frame slotter (1-7-2) - Groover blade (2-7-2) - The tines smooth the soil surface (3-7-2). Each tape spreader assembly (2) has a support base (7) and a three-capacity irrigation tape assembly (10) that is connected to the main chassis of the device (1) through a support (6) and using bolts and nuts. The three-capacity irrigation tape ball assembly also includes: - Holder stand (1-10) - Shaft (2-10) - Three-capacity irrigation tape base (4-10) - Ball holders are drip tape (5-10). At the front of the main chassis, furrowing furrows (4) are installed, which are connected to the main chassis (1) by bolts and nuts and include: - Faro (1-4) - The support legs are adjustable (2-4). On both sides of the main chassis (1), a set consisting of a height adjustment wheel with a pharo (5) is installed, which consists of the following components: - Faro (1-5) - Adjustable support stand (2-5) - Height-adjustable metal wheel (4-5) that is connected to the base through the support arm (3-5) and the height of the wheel (4-5) can be adjusted using the adjustable arm (5-5). - Night lights (3) are installed on the main chassis of the machine (1) to provide the necessary lighting for night operation of the machine. Also, the operator's stand (11) and (12) are installed on both sides of the main chassis, and to ensure safety during road transportation, hazard flashers (14) and night-vision signs (13) are installed on the operator's stand. Electronic settings of the various components of the device are made via the control panel (9). This control panel has the following capabilities and features: 1- Device performance information and settings screen including: - Electric motor rotation speed - Time of earthwork operation on the irrigation strip - Distance between embankment sections on the strip - Total distance traveled by the tractor 2- Control panel on / off switch 3- Device lights on / off switch 4- Control keys for making settings, including: up key, down key, return key, settings confirmation key 5- Manual on / off switch for hazard flashers In addition to the above, the aforementioned control panel also has the following smart features: - Internal memory to store user-defined settings - Automatic on / off hazard flasher system via light sensor - Safety microswitch to disconnect electrical controls when the spreader assembly is up. - Odometer sensor to accurately measure the distance traveled by the tractor The performance of the device's electro-gearboxes is intelligently controlled and adjusted based on data received from the aforementioned sensors. Explanation of shapes, maps and diagrams Technical images and design drawings for this device have been prepared on 9 pages, as follows: 1- First page: Contains five main views of the entire device, which are: front view, right view, back view, top view, and isometric view (3D). 2- Page 2: This page presents an exploded view of the entire device. In this exploded view, all components of the device are identified with specific numbering. The description of each of these components along with their corresponding number is as follows. 1. The main chassis of the device 2. Irrigation strip spreading set with automatic embankment 3. Lighting fixtures 4. Farooq Shiarzen 5. Furrow furrower with height adjustment wheel 6. Support base 7. Tri-Valent Drip Tape Ball Set Holder (Opens from the Left) 8. Tri-Valent Drip Tape Ball Set Holder (Opens from the Right) 9. Electronic control panel of the device 10. Three-capacity set of drip irrigation tape ball holders 11. Operator's standing position - left side 12. Operator's standing position - right side 13. Nighttime warning sign 14. Safety warning flasher 3- Third page: On this page, an exploded view of one of the rows of the device is drawn, which includes the drip irrigation tape spreader assembly (2) along with the automatic embankment mechanism. The components of this section are as follows, according to the technical numbering: 2-1. Automatic soil compaction system 2-2. Irrigation tape spreader assembly chassis 2-3. Support set and guide rollers for drip irrigation tape 2-4. Rubber wheel for adjusting the height above the ground surface 2-5. Soil leveling shovel 2-6. Pipe guiding the drip irrigation tape to the soil surface 4. Page 4: This page presents a detailed and detailed exploded view of the automatic embankment assembly (1-2). This part is one of the key components of the device that performs the sectional earthing operation on the irrigation strip in an electronic and adjustable manner. The components of this assembly are numbered and displayed as follows: 2-1-1. Electro-gearbox - is responsible for providing the driving force for the movement of the earthmoving machines. 2-1-2. Component support frame - The main structure that supports all parts of the automated embankment section. 2-1-3. Counter gear - engages with the shoulder gear to transmit power. 2-1-4. Shoulder gear - Used to convert rotary motion into linear motion and provides reciprocating motion for the tiller mechanism. 2-1-5. Soil turner support base - connected to the linear motion mechanism for vertical movement of the soil turners. 2-1-6. Soil turners - The main components of the soil spreader that perform the earthwork operation on the irrigation strip. 2-1-7. Linear block bearings - to guide the uniform linear movement of the backhoe support base. 2-1-8. Top and bottom protective covers - To protect internal components from dust, moisture, and foreign objects. This system, by receiving commands from the electronic control panel (9), and based on information received from the device's sensors, performs earthmoving in specific and adjustable sections in a completely intelligent manner and in coordination with the tractor's movement. 5. Page 5: This page shows an exploded view of the drip irrigation strip spreader assembly (2) with a fixed furrower installed instead of the automatic embankment section. This configuration is mainly used in subsurface striping applications. The components of this assembly are as follows: 2-2: Spreader assembly chassis - the main mounting base for all components related to guiding and placing the irrigation tape. 2-3: Irrigation tape support and guide rollers - for smooth, deflection-free tape guidance towards the outlet pipe. 2-4: Height-adjusting rubber wheel - for precise depth and height control of the set's operation. 2-5: Soil leveling shovel - for preparing a uniform bed before placing the tape. 2-6: Tape guide pipe to the surface or below the soil surface - the final path for the tape to exit the spreader assembly. 2-7: Soil furrower assembly - replaces the automatic embankment section in this configuration 6. Page Six: This page shows an exploded view of the furrowing assembly of the device (7-2). This section is used to perform furrowing operations simultaneously with spreading the drip irrigation strip. Its design is such that it allows for the creation of furrows of a specific depth. The components of the furrower include the following: 2-7-1. Groover frame: The main skeleton holding the groover components that is connected to the chassis of the spreading assembly. 2-7-2. Furrowing blade: The main part that cuts the soil and creates furrows in the ground to establish the irrigation strip. 2-7-3. Soil surface leveling tines: They are responsible for smoothing and leveling the soil after the furrowing blade passes through. This system is designed modularly and can be easily replaced with an automatic embankment unit to suit the type of farm and type of irrigation (surface or subsurface). 7. Page 7: This page shows an exploded view of the front furrow furrow of the machine (4). This part is responsible for creating the initial furrow on the soil surface in order to prepare the path for spreading the irrigation strip and facilitate moisture penetration into the soil bed. Its components are: 4-1. Furrow: The main part of the furrower that performs the cutting and moving of soil to create furrows. 4-2. Support base: An adjustable support that is responsible for mounting and securing the spotlight on the main chassis of the device. This base allows for adjusting the height and angle of the spotlight relative to the ground. This part of the device plays a key role in accurately executing the initial furrow and aligning the irrigation strip path, and it is mechanically adjustable depending on the soil type and field conditions. 8. Page 8: This page shows an exploded view of the machine's side furrower equipped with a height adjustment wheel (5). This assembly is designed for precise furrowing in the outer rows of the machine and allows for height adjustment independent of the soil surface. The components of this section are: 5-1. Furrow: The main tool for cutting and moving soil to create furrows at the edge of planting rows. 5-2. Support Base - Faro's support structure that attaches to the machine's chassis. 5-3. Wheel support base - The intermediate piece between the wheel and the caster base that stabilizes the position of the wheel relative to the body of the machine. 5-4. Height-adjusting metal wheel - A special wheel that adjusts the height of the furrower according to field conditions by moving over the soil surface. 5-5. Wheel Height Adjustment Arm - Adjustable mechanism for changing the vertical position of the wheel to determine the depth of the groove. 5-6. Wheel fender This structure is designed to precisely control the depth of the furrow and maintain uniformity of the furrowing operation, ensuring stable operation of the machine on uneven terrain. 9. Page 9: This page shows an exploded view of the three-capacity drip tape roll holder assembly (10). This assembly is designed to hold and feed three drip tape rolls simultaneously and consists of the following components: 10-1. Support stand - the main base and structure on which the other parts of the set are mounted. 10-2. Shaft 10-3. Bearings 10-4. Trivalent drip tape ball holder base - a structure that holds the balls in place. 10-5. Drip irrigation tape ball holder - separate holding pieces for each ball that prevent them from falling and moving unintentionally. This set, with its three-capacity design, enables quick ball replacement and continuous irrigation tape feeding during operation, helping to improve the device's working efficiency. A clear and precise statement of the advantages of the claimed invention over prior inventions. This device has no analogues due to its precise and technical design and the ability to spread the irrigation strip in different ways, according to the type of crop and the type of drip irrigation strip, as well as the ability to automatically and permanently sectional soiling on the surface and subsurface in pre- and post-crop conditions, in addition to the possibility of furrowing simultaneously with spreading the drip irrigation strip. The following are some of the advantages of this device: 1- Each row of the machine has a separate suspension system equipped with an automatic limiter. 2- It has the ability to spread the drip irrigation tape subsurface with the ability to precisely adjust the depth of the drip tape placement in the soil. 3- The ability to draw drip irrigation strips on the surface with the possibility of soiling to stabilize the widened strips, in two ways: automatic sectional soiling with the ability to adjust the distance between soiling sections and overall soiling. 4- Due to the height adjustment wheels of each row of drip irrigation tape spreaders, it is possible to stretch the irrigation tape over the cultivated beds without disturbing the order of the planted seeds, such as corn, which is very sensitive. 5- It has the ability to easily install stands that hold drip irrigation tape rolls in various capacities, including single, double, and triple capacities. 6- The three-capacity stands are designed in such a way that when charging the irrigation tape balls, the holding arm opens and the balls are easily placed in their place. Also, the rotation mechanism and replacement of full balls instead of empty balls is in the form of a pin lock, which allows for quick movement and reduces waste of time. 7- The metal wheels on both sides of the main chassis of the machine allow for precise adjustment of the depth of the furrows and the creation of grooves of the desired depth. Also, by placing the weight of the machine on these two wheels during the irrigation strip operation, the load on the tractor is reduced and the tractor only has the task of pulling the machine, which significantly reduces the depreciation of the tractor in the long term. 8- The furrow furrow oars have the ability to adjust their angle relative to the horizontal, which allows the width of the furrows created to be adjusted by changing the angle of the oars. 9- The operator's standing position on both sides of the machine, in addition to increasing the operator's comfort, speeds up the process of pulling the tapes due to the operator moving with the machine and better monitoring its performance. 10- It has the ability to easily install and replace the automatic embankment set and surface stripper with subsurface stripper. 11- The tip blades of furrow furrowers are replaceable, which reduces maintenance costs. 12- The blades of the subsurface stripper tip are also replaceable, which reduces maintenance costs. 13- It has a control panel with the ability to manage all electronic parts of the device and adjust the operation of the automatic embankment section with ease of use. 14- Equipped with lights between the lines to provide ambient light at night. 15- It has hazard flashers and night-vision signs for safety during road transportation. 16- It allows you to view the total distance of the spread strip in each field individually. 17- There is the ability to accurately determine the length of the embankment through the control panel. 18- It is possible to adjust the distance between the embankment sections through the control panel. 19- The ability to quickly stop the earthmoving process when the machine is lifted from the soil surface is provided. 20- It is possible to adjust the first embankment distance relative to the beginning of the strips using the control panel. 21- It has the ability to adjust the distance between the rows of the irrigation tape according to the type of crop. 22- It is possible to create grooves simultaneously with the drip tape to increase the speed of moisture distribution during irrigation in crops such as wheat, rapeseed, barley, etc. Description of at least one implementation method for implementing the invention Among the implementation methods of this device are the following: 1- Implementing irrigation strips in cultivated fields such as wheat, rapeseed, barley, and onions in two ways: surface (with automatic sectional embankment and overall embankment) and subsurface. 2- Implementing irrigation strips in cultivated fields such as corn and beets in a superficial manner with automatic sectional embankment. 3- Creating furrows in the cultivated bed while simultaneously laying a drip irrigation tape in non-sensitive crops such as wheat, barley, and rapeseed, in order to increase the speed of moisture diffusion through the unevenness created on the soil surface, especially in fields without slopes. 4- Simultaneously performing furrowing and striping to prepare the corn planting bed, such as Mexican corn that is planted manually. Explicit mention of the industrial application of the invention This device is used in the agricultural industry to spread drip irrigation tape on the surface and subsurface in a variety of fields, including wheat, barley, corn, rapeseed, onions, and other crops.

Claims

Claim What is claimed: Claim 1) What is claimed is a device consisting of a main chassis on which four sets of tip strip spreaders are installed, and tip strips are installed on a support base above each of the tip strip spreader sets, and furrowing paddles are installed in front of the device, which are installed on the main chassis, and on both sides of the device, height adjustment wheels are installed on the furrows, which are moved using the power of the tractor. The device is made up of the following components: - The metal chassis of the device on which the various components of the device are installed. - Four sets of diagonal irrigation strip spreaders with an automatic surface embankment section or a subsurface furrowing section. - Two projectors to provide ambient lighting at night. - Three furrowing furrows and a height-adjustable support base. - Two furrowing furrows with a device height adjustment wheel and a support base. -Four drip tape ball holder sets and their holder base that are installed on the main chassis. -One control panel to control the electronic parts and settings of the electric motors.- Two positions for the operator to stand. - Two flashing lights and warning signs for safety during road transportation. Claim 2) According to claim number 1, the control panel controls the electronic settings of the device, including the performance settings of the electro-gearboxes that are responsible for guiding the earthmoving machines, and also controls the nighttime lights and safety flashers on both sides of the device. Claim 3) According to claim number 1, 12-volt DC electric gearboxes are used for cross-sectional embankment on irrigation strips, which provide the up and down force for the soil to flow through the turners. Claim 4) According to claims 1 and 3, the rotational motion of the electrogearboxes is converted into linear motion through the shoulder gear and its counter gear. Claim 5) According to claims 1 and 2, the distance between both embankments is determined based on distance sensor sensors. Also, when the device is lifted from the soil surface, which means the tape-laying operation is stopped, the device's actuators are stopped by sending a signal from the height sensor until the device is placed on the soil surface again. All the related parameters mentioned in the control panel can be adjusted.

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