Pyrimidinylaminobenzenes for the treatment of lung cancer

Abstract

Provided herein are methods of treating, preventing, or ameliorating one or more symptoms of lung cancer with a pyrimidinylaminobenzene, such as a compound of Formula (I). [Formula 1] TIFF2024516430000052.tif21170

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] (CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application claims priority under U.S. Patent Act 119(a) to International Application No. PCT / CN2021 / 091463, filed April 30, 2021; the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0002] (Field) Provided herein are methods of treating, preventing, or ameliorating one or more symptoms of lung cancer with a pyrimidinylaminobenzene. [Background technology]

[0003] (background) Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide in 2020. Sung et al., Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries, CA Cancer J. Clin. 2021. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 80-85% of all lung cancers. Osmani et al., Semin. Cancer Biol. 2018, 52, 103-9. Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are common in NSCLC. Zhou et al., Hum. Genomics 2021, 15, 21; Burnett et al., PLoS One 2021, 16, e0247620. Nearly 90% of all EGFR mutations are exon 19 deletions and L858R point mutations in exon 21, collectively known as classical EGFR mutations, with the remaining EGFR mutations including exon 20 insertions (EGFR ex20ins) (~4-12%), G719X, S768I, and L861Q. Fang et al., BMC Cancer 2019, 19, 595. EGFR ex20ins are the third most common EGFR mutation in NSCLC and are associated with de novo resistance to targeted EGFR inhibitors. Wang et al., Transl. Cancer Res. 2020, 9, 2982-91. NSCLC with EGFR ex20ins has a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Vyse and Huang, Signal Transduct. Target Ther. 2019, 4, 5; Wang et al., Transl. Cancer Res. 2020, 9, 2982-91; Burnett et al., PLoS One 2021, 16, e0247620.To date, clinically approved targeted EGFR inhibitors have failed to effectively treat NSCLC with EGFR ex20ins. Vyse and Huang, Signal Transduct. Target Ther. 2019, 4, 5. Thus, there is a strong unmet need for effective therapies to treat NSCLC with EGFR ex20ins mutations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (Summary of disclosure) Provided herein is a method of treating, preventing, or ameliorating one or more symptoms of EGFR mutated lung cancer in a subject, comprising administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I): [ka] (In the formula: R 1 is C 1-6 Alkyl or C 3-10 is cycloalkyl; R 2 is hydrogen or C 1-6 is alkyl; R 3 is amino, C 1-6 Alkylamino, di(C 1-6 C, each independently substituted with alkyl, amino, or heterocyclyl 1-6 alkyl or heterocyclyl; R 4 is C 2-6 Alkenyl or C 2-6 alkynyl; and R 5 is a bicyclic heteroaryl; wherein each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more, and in one embodiment one, two, three, or four, substituents Q, where each Q is independently: (a) deuterium, cyano, halo, imino, nitro, and oxo; (b) one or more, and in one embodiment one, two, three, or four, substituents Q.a Each of these is optionally replaced by C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl; and (c) -C(O)R a , -C(O)OR a , -C(O)NR b R c , -C(O)SR a , -C(NR a )NR b R c , -C(S)R a , -C(S)OR a , -C(S)NR b R c , -OR a , -OC(O)R a , -OC(O)OR a , -OC(O)NR b R c , -OC(O)SR a , -OC(NR a )NR b R c , -OC(S)R a , -OC(S)OR a , -OC(S)NR b R c , -OS(O)R a , -OS(O)2R a , -OS(O)NR b R c , -OS(O)2NR b R c , -NR b R c , -NR a C(O)R d , -NR a C(O)OR d , -NR a C(O)NR b R c , -NR a C(O)SR d , -NR a C(NR d )NR b Rc , -NR a C(S)R d , -NR a C(S)OR d , -NR a C(S)NR b R c , -NR a S(O)R d , -NR a S(O)2R d , -NR a S(O)NR b R c , -NR a S(O)2NR b R c , -SR a , -S(O)R a , -S(O)2R a , -S(O)NR b R c , and -S(O)NR b R c (In the formula, each R a , R b , R c , and R d are independently (i) hydrogen or deuterium; (ii) one or more, in one embodiment one, two, three, or four, substituents Q a with arbitrary substitutions for each, C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; or (iii) R b and R c may, together with the N atom to which they are attached, comprise one or more, in one embodiment one, two, three or four, substituents Q a forming an optionally substituted heterocyclyl; Here, each Q a are independently: (a) deuterium, cyano, halo, nitro, imino, and oxo; (b) C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl; and (c) -C(O)R e , -C(O)OR e , -C(O)NR f R g , -C(O)SR e , -C(NR e )NR f R g , -C(S)R e , -C(S)OR e , -C(S)NR f R g , -OR e , -OC(O)R e , -OC(O)OR e , -OC(O)NR f R g , -OC(O)SR e , -OC(NR e )NR f R g , -OC(S)R e , -OC(S)OR e , -OC(S)NR f R g , -OS(O)R e , -OS(O)2R e , -OS(O)NR f R g , -OS(O)2NR f R g , -NR f R g , -NR e C(O)R h , -NR e C(O)OR f , -NR e C(O)NR f R g , -NR e C(O)SR f , -NR e C(NR h )NR f R g , -NR e C(S)R h , -NR e C(S)OR f , -NRe C(S)NR f R g , -NR e S(O)R h , -NR e S(O)2R h , -NR e S(O)NR f R g , -NR e S(O)2NR f R g , -SR e , -S(O)R e , -S(O)2R e , -S(O)NR f R g , and -S(O)NR f R g ;(In the formula, each R e , R f , R g , and R h are independently: (i) hydrogen or deuterium; (ii) C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; or (iii) R f and R g together with the N atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclyl or an enantiomer, mixture of enantiomers, diastereomer, mixture of two or more diastereomers, tautomer, mixture of two or more tautomers, or isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

[0005] Further provided herein is a method of treating, preventing, or ameliorating one or more symptoms of lung cancer in a subject, comprising: (a) determining the presence of an EGFR exon 20 mutation in a sample from the subject; and (b) if the sample is determined to have an EGFR exon 20 mutation, administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof. The method comprises:

[0006] Further provided herein is a method of inhibiting the proliferation of lung cancer cells, comprising contacting the cells with an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I), or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0007] (Detailed Description) To facilitate understanding of the disclosure set forth herein, several terms are defined below.

[0008] Generally, the nomenclature used herein and the laboratory methods in organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, biochemistry, biology, and pharmacology described herein are those well known and commonly employed in the art. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein generally have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

[0009] The term "subject" refers to animals such as, but not limited to, primates (e.g., humans), cows, pigs, sheep, goats, horses, dogs, cats, rabbits, rats, and mice. The terms "subject" and "patient" are used interchangeably herein with respect to a mammalian subject, e.g., a human subject. In one embodiment, the subject is a human.

[0010] The terms "treat," "treating," and "treatment" are meant to include alleviating or arresting a disorder, disease, or condition, or one or more of the symptoms associated with the disorder, disease, or condition; or alleviating or eradicating the cause(s) of the disorder, disease, or condition itself.

[0011] The terms "prevent," "preventing," and "prevention" are meant to include methods of delaying and / or preventing the onset of a disorder, disease, or condition, and / or its attendant symptoms; barring a subject from acquiring a disorder, disease, or condition; or reducing a subject's risk of acquiring a disorder, disease, or condition.

[0012] The terms "ameliorate" and "ameliorating" refer to relieving or decreasing one or more symptoms (e.g., pain) of a disorder, disease, or condition. The term may also refer to reducing adverse effects associated with the active ingredient. Sometimes, the beneficial effects that a subject derives from a prophylactic or therapeutic agent do not result in a cure of the disorder, disease, or condition.

[0013] The term "contacting" or "contacting" refers to bringing together a therapeutic agent and a biological molecule (e.g., a protein, an enzyme, RNA, or DNA), a cell, or a tissue such that a physiological and / or chemical effect occurs as a result of such contact. Contacting can be performed in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo. In one embodiment, a therapeutic agent is contacted with a biological molecule in vitro to determine the effect of the therapeutic agent on the biological molecule. In another embodiment, a therapeutic agent is contacted with cells in cell culture (in vitro) to determine the effect of the therapeutic agent on the cells. In yet another embodiment, contacting a therapeutic agent with a biological molecule, a cell, or a tissue includes administering the therapeutic agent to a subject having the biological molecule, cell, or tissue to be contacted.

[0014] The term "therapeutically effective amount" or "effective amount" is intended to include an amount of a compound that, when administered, is sufficient to prevent the onset of, or alleviate to some extent, one or more of the symptoms of the disorder, disease, or condition being treated. The term "therapeutically effective amount" or "effective amount" also means an amount of a compound sufficient to elicit the biological or medical response in a biological molecule (e.g., protein, enzyme, RNA, or DNA), cell, tissue, system, animal, or human that is desired by a researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor, or clinician.

[0015] "I C 50 " or "EC 50 The term "antibody" refers to the amount, concentration, or dosage of a compound required for 50% inhibition of a maximal response in an assay measuring such response.

[0016] The terms "pharmaceutical acceptable carrier", "pharmaceutical acceptable excipient", "physiologically acceptable carrier", or "physiologically acceptable excipient" refer to a pharmaceutical acceptable material, composition, or vehicle, such as a liquid or solid filler, diluent, solvent, or encapsulating material. In one embodiment, each component is "pharmaceutical acceptable" in the sense of being compatible with the other components of the pharmaceutical formulation and suitable for use in contact with the tissues or organs of a subject (e.g., a human) without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response, immunogenicity, or other problem or complication, and commensurate with a reasonable benefit / risk ratio. See, e.g., Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 23rd ed., Adejare, ed.; Academic Press, 2020; Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, 9th ed., Sheskey et al., eds.; Pharmaceutical Press, 2020; Handbook of Pharmaceutical Additives, 3rd ed., Ash and Ash, eds.; Synapse Information Resources, 2007; Pharmaceutical Preformulation and Formulation, 1st ed., Gibson, ed.; CRC Press, 2015.

[0017] The term "about" or "approximately" refers to an acceptable error for a particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, which depends in part on how the value is measured or determined. In some embodiments, the term "about" or "approximately" refers to within 1, 2, or 3 standard deviations. In some embodiments, the term "about" or "approximately" refers to within 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, or 0.05% of a given value or range.

[0018] The term "alkyl" means a linear or branched saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical, wherein the alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q as described herein. For example, C 1-6 Alkyl refers to a linear saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a branched saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 3 to 6 carbon atoms. In certain embodiments, alkyl refers to a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 (C 1-20 ), 1~15 pieces (C 1-15 ), 1~10 pieces (C 1-10 ), or 1 to 6 (C 1-6 A linear, saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (C 3-20 ), 3~15 pieces (C 3-15 ), 3~10 pieces (C 3-10 ), or 3 to 6 (C 3-6 ) is a branched, saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical. 1-6 and branched C 3-6 An alkyl group is also referred to as a "lower alkyl." Examples of alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl (including all isomers, e.g., n-propyl and isopropyl), butyl (including all isomers, e.g., n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and t-butyl), pentyl (including all isomers, e.g., n-pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, neopentyl, and tert-pentyl), and hexyl (including all isomers, e.g., n-hexyl, isohexyl, and sec-hexyl).

[0019] The term "alkenyl" refers to a linear or branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical having one or more, in one embodiment one, two, three, or four, and in another embodiment one, carbon-carbon double bonds. The alkenyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q as described herein. The term "alkenyl" encompasses radicals having "cis" or "trans" configurations or mixtures thereof, or "Z" or "E" configurations or mixtures thereof, as recognized by one of skill in the art. For example, C 2-6 Alkenyl refers to a linear unsaturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a branched unsaturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 3 to 6 carbon atoms. In certain embodiments, alkenyl refers to a cyclic alkyl radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms (C 2-20 ), 2~15 pieces (C 2-15 ), 2~10 pieces (C 2-10 ), or 2 to 6 (C 2-6 ) or a linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (C 3-20 ), 3~15 pieces (C 3-15 ), 3~10 pieces (C 3-10 ), or 3 to 6 (C 3-6 Examples of alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethenyl, propenyl (including all isomers, e.g., propen-1-yl, propen-2-yl, and allyl), and butenyl (including all isomers, e.g., buten-1-yl, buten-2-yl, buten-3-yl, and 2-buten-1-yl).

[0020] The term "alkynyl" refers to a linear or branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical having one or more, in one embodiment one, two, three or four, and in another embodiment one, carbon-carbon triple bonds. The alkynyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q as described herein. For example, C 2-6Alkynyl refers to a linear unsaturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a branched unsaturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 4 to 6 carbon atoms. In certain embodiments, alkynyl refers to a cyclic alkyl radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms (C 2-20 ), 2~15 pieces (C 2-15 ), 2~10 pieces (C 2-10 ), or 2 to 6 (C 2-6 ) or a linear monovalent hydrocarbon radical having 4 to 20 carbon atoms (C 4-20 ), 4~15 pieces (C 4-15 ), 4~10 pieces (C 4-10 ), or 4 to 6 (C 4-6 ) is a branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical. Examples of alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl (-C≡CH), propynyl (including all isomers, e.g., 1-propynyl (-C≡CCH3) and propargyl (-CH2C≡CH)), butynyl (including all isomers, e.g., 1-butyn-1-yl and 2-butyn-1-yl), pentynyl (including all isomers, e.g., 1-pentyn-1-yl and 1-methyl-2-butyn-1-yl), and hexynyl (including all isomers, e.g., 1-hexyn-1-yl and 2-hexyn-1-yl).

[0021] The term "cycloalkyl" refers to a cyclic monovalent hydrocarbon radical, optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q, as described herein. In one embodiment, the cycloalkyl is a saturated or unsaturated but non-aromatic and / or bridged or non-bridged and / or fused bicyclic group. In certain embodiments, the cycloalkyl is a cyclic ring system having 3 to 20 (C 3-20 ), 3~15 pieces (C 3-15 ), 3~10 pieces (C 3-10 ), or 3 to 7 (C 3-7) carbon atoms. In one embodiment, the cycloalkyl is monocyclic. In another embodiment, the cycloalkyl is bicyclic. In yet another embodiment, the cycloalkyl is tricyclic. In yet another embodiment, the cycloalkyl is polycyclic. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptyl, cycloheptenyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, decalinyl, and adamantyl.

[0022] The term "aryl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radical and / or a monovalent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radical having at least one aromatic carbocyclic ring. In certain embodiments, aryl is a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 20 (C 6-20 ), 6~15 pieces (C 6-15 ), or 6 to 10 (C 6-10 ) ring carbon atoms. Examples of aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, azulenyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, pyrenyl, biphenyl, and terphenyl. Aryl also refers to bicyclic or tricyclic carbocycles in which one of the rings is aromatic and the rest may be saturated, partially unsaturated, or aromatic, for example, dihydronaphthyl, indenyl, indanyl, or tetrahydronaphthyl (tetralinyl). In one embodiment, the aryl is monocyclic. In another embodiment, the aryl is bicyclic. In yet another embodiment, the aryl is tricyclic. In yet another embodiment, the aryl is polycyclic. In some embodiments, the aryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q as described herein.

[0023] The terms "aralkyl" or "arylalkyl" refer to a monovalent alkyl group substituted with one or more aryl groups. In certain embodiments, the aralkyl is an alkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms (C7-30 ), 7~20 pieces (C 7-20 ), or 7 to 16 (C 7-16 ) carbon atoms. Examples of aralkyl groups include, but are not limited to, benzyl, phenylethyl (including all isomers, e.g., 1-phenylethyl and 2-phenylethyl), and phenylpropyl (including all isomers, e.g., 1-phenylpropyl, 2-phenylpropyl, and 3-phenylpropyl). In certain embodiments, the aralkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q as described herein.

[0024] The term "heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic aromatic or polycyclic aromatic group having at least one aromatic ring, at least one of which has one or more heteroatoms, each independently selected from O, S, and N, within the ring. The heteroaryl is attached to the remainder of the molecule via the aromatic ring. Each ring of the heteroaryl group can have 1 or 2 O atoms, 1 or 2 S atoms, and / or 1 to 4 N atoms; provided that the total number of heteroatoms in each ring is 4 or less, and each ring has at least 1 carbon atom. In certain embodiments, the heteroaryl has 5 to 20, 5 to 15, or 5 to 10 ring atoms. In one embodiment, the heteroaryl is monocyclic. Examples of monocyclic heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, furanyl, imidazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolyl, thiadiazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, tetrazolyl, triazinyl, and triazolyl. In another embodiment, the heteroaryl is bicyclic.Examples of bicyclic heteroaryl groups include benzofuranyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzopyranyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzothienyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxazolyl, furopyrindyl (including all isomers, e.g., furo[2,3-b]pyridinyl, furo[2,3-c]pyridinyl, furo[3,2-b]pyridinyl, furo[3,2-c]pyridinyl, furo[3,4-b]pyridinyl, and furo[3,4-c]pyridinyl), imidoaryl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzopyranyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzothienyl, benzotriazolyl, benzoxazolyl, furopyrindyl (including all isomers, e.g., furo[2,3-b]pyridinyl, furo[2,3-c]pyridinyl, furo[3,2-b]pyridinyl, furo[3,2-c]pyridinyl, furo[3,4-b]pyridinyl, and furo[3,4-c]pyridinyl), Dazopyridinyl (including all isomers, e.g., imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinyl, imidazo[4,5-b]pyridinyl, and imidazo[4,5-c]pyridinyl), imidazothiazolyl (including all isomers, e.g., imidazo[2,1-b]-thiazolyl and imidazo[4,5-d]thiazolyl), indazolyl, indolizinyl, indolyl, isobenzofuranyl, isobenzothienyl (i.e., benzo[c]thienyl), isoindolyl, isoquinolinyl, naphthyridinyl (including all isomers, e.g., 1,5-naphthyridinyl, thiridinyl, 1,6-naphthyridinyl, 1,7-naphthyridinyl, and 1,8-naphthyridinyl), oxazolopyridinyl (including all isomers, e.g., oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridinyl, oxazolo[4,5-c]-pyridinyl, oxazolo[5,4-b]pyridinyl, and oxazolo[5,4-c]pyridinyl), phthalazinyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, pyrrolopyridyl (including all isomers, e.g., pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridinyl, pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridinyl, pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridinyl, and and pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridinyl), quinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, thiadiazolopyrimidyl (including all isomers, e.g., [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinyl and [1,2,3]thiadiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidinyl), and thienopyridyl (including all isomers, e.g., thieno[2,3-b]pyridinyl, thieno[2,3-c]pyridinyl, thieno[3,2-b]pyridinyl, and thieno-[3,2-c]pyridinyl). In yet another embodiment, heteroaryl is tricyclic.Examples of tricyclic heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, acridinyl, benzindolyl, carbazolyl, dibenzo-furanyl, perimidinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenanthridinyl (including all isomers, for example, 1,5-phenanthrolinyl, 1,6-phenanthrolinyl, 1,7-phenanthrolinyl, 1,9-phenanthrolinyl, and 2,10-phenanthrolinyl), phenarsazinyl, phenazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenoxazinyl, and xanthenyl. In some embodiments, heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q as described herein.

[0025] The term "heterocyclyl" or "heterocyclic" refers to a monovalent monocyclic non-aromatic ring system or a monovalent polycyclic ring system having at least one non-aromatic ring, in which one or more of the non-aromatic ring atoms are heteroatoms, each independently selected from O, S, and N; and the remaining ring atoms are carbon atoms. In certain embodiments, the heterocyclyl or heterocyclic group has 3-20, 3-15, 3-10, 3-8, 4-7, or 5-6 ring atoms. The heterocyclyl is attached to the remainder of the molecule through a non-aromatic ring. In certain embodiments, the heterocyclyl is a monocyclic, bicyclic, tricyclic, or tetracyclic ring system, which may be fused or bridged, and in which the nitrogen or sulfur atoms may be optionally oxidized, the nitrogen atoms may be optionally quaternized, and in which some rings may be partially or fully saturated or aromatic. The heterocyclyl may be attached to the main structure at any heteroatom or carbon atom which results in the creation of a stable compound.Examples of heterocyclyl and heterocyclic groups include azepinyl, benzodioxanyl, benzodioxolyl, benzofuranonyl, chromanyl, decahydroisoquinolinyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, dihydrobenzisothiazolyl, dihydrobenzisoxazinyl (including all isomers, e.g., 1,4-dihydrobenzo[d][1,3]oxazinyl, 3,4-dihydrobenzo[c][1,2]-oxazinyl, and 3,4-dihydrobenzo[d][1,2]oxazinyl), dihydrobenzothienyl, dihydroisobenzofuranyl, dihydrobenzo[c]thienyl, dihydrofuryl, dihydroisoindolyl, dihydropyranyl, dihydropyrazolyl, dihydropyrazinyl, dihydropyridinyl, dihydropyrimidinyl, dihyrobenzothien ...isoindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, dihydroisoindolyl, Examples of heterocyclyl include, but are not limited to, dopyrrolyl, dioxolanyl, 1,4-dithianyl, furanonyl, imidazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, indolinyl, isochromanyl, isoindolinyl, isothiazolidinyl, isoxazolidinyl, morpholinyl, octahydroindolyl, octahydroisoindolyl, oxazolidinonyl, oxazolidinyl, oxiranyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, 4-piperidonyl, pyrazolidinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolinyl, quinuclidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, thiamorpholinyl, thiazolidinyl, thiochromanyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, and 1,3,5-trithianyl. In certain embodiments, the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q as described herein.

[0026] The terms "halogen", "halide" or "halo" mean fluoro, chloro, bromo, and / or iodo.

[0027] The term “optionally substituted” refers to a group or substituent, such as an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl group, that is optionally substituted with, for example, (a) deuterium (—D), cyano (—CN), halo, imino (═NH), nitro (—NO2), and oxo (═O); (b) one or more, and in one embodiment one, two, three, or four, substituents Q a Each of these is optionally replaced by C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl; and (c) -C(O)R a , -C(O)OR a , -C(O)NR b R c , -C(O)SR a , -C(NR a )NR b R c , -C(S)R a , -C(S)OR a , -C(S)NR b R c , -OR a , -OC(O)R a , -OC(O)OR a , -OC(O)NR b R c , -OC(O)SR a , -OC(NR a )NR b R c , -OC(S)R a , -OC(S)OR a , -OC(S)NR b R c , -OS(O)R a , -OS(O)2R a , -OS(O)NR b R c , -OS(O)2NR b R c , -NR b R c , -NR a C(O)R d, -NR a C(O)OR d , -NR a C(O)NR b R c , -NR a C(O)SR d , -NR a C(NR d )NR b R c , -NR a C(S)R d , -NR a C(S)OR d , -NR a C(S)NR b R c , -NR a S(O)R d , -NR a S(O)2R d , -NR a S(O)NR b R c , -NR a S(O)2NR b R c , -SR a , -S(O)R a , -S(O)2R a , -S(O)NR b R c , and -S(O)NR b R c (In the formula, each R a , R b , R c , and R d are independently (i) hydrogen or deuterium; (ii) one or more, in one embodiment one, two, three, or four, substituents Q a with arbitrary substitutions for each, C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; or (iii) R b and R c may, together with the N atom to which they are attached, comprise one or more, in one embodiment one, two, three or four, substituents Qa Q is intended to mean that the group may be optionally substituted with one or more, and in one embodiment one, two, three or four, substituents Q, each independently selected from the group consisting of 1, 2, 3 or 4, forming an optionally substituted heterocyclyl. As used herein, all groups that can be substituted are "optionally substituted."

[0028] In one embodiment, each Q a are independently: (a) deuterium, cyano, halo, imino, nitro, and oxo; (b) C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl; and (c) -C(O)R e , -C(O)OR e , -C(O)NR f R g , -C(O)SR e , -C(NR e )NR f R g , -C(S)R e , -C(S)OR e , -C(S)NR f R g , -OR e , -OC(O)R e , -OC(O)OR e , -OC(O)NR f R g , -OC(O)SR e , -OC(NR e )NR f R g , -OC(S)R e , -OC(S)OR e , -OC(S)NR f R g , -OS(O)R e , -OS(O)2R e , -OS(O)NR f R g , -OS(O)2NR f R g , -NR f Rg , -NR e C(O)R h , -NR e C(O)OR f , -NR e C(O)NR f R g , -NR e C(O)SR f , -NR e C(NR h )NR f R g , -NR e C(S)R h , -NR e C(S)OR f , -NR e C(S)NR f R g , -NR e S(O)R h , -NR e S(O)2R h , -NR e S(O)NR f R g , -NR e S(O)2NR f R g , -SR e , -S(O)R e , -S(O)2R e , -S(O)NR f R g , and -S(O)NR f R g ;(In the formula, each R e , R f , R g , and R h are independently: (i) hydrogen or deuterium; (ii) C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; or (iii) R f and R g together with the N atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclyl.

[0029] In some embodiments, "optically active" and "enantiomerically active" refer to a collection of molecules having an enantiomeric excess of about 80% or more, about 90% or more, about 91% or more, about 92% or more, about 93% or more, about 94% or more, about 95% or more, about 96% or more, about 97% or more, about 98% or more, about 99% or more, about 99.5% or more, or about 99.8% or more. In some embodiments, an optically active compound comprises about 95% or more of one enantiomer and about 5% or less of the other enantiomer based on the total weight of the enantiomeric mixture. In some embodiments, an optically active compound comprises about 98% or more of one enantiomer and about 2% or less of the other enantiomer based on the total weight of the enantiomeric mixture. In some embodiments, an optically active compound comprises about 99% or more of one enantiomer and about 1% or less of the other enantiomer based on the total weight of the enantiomeric mixture.

[0030] In describing an optically active compound, the prefixes R and S are used to denote the absolute configuration of the compound around its chiral center. (+) and (-) are used to denote the optical rotation of the compound, i.e., the direction in which the plane of polarized light is rotated by the optically active compound. The (-) prefix indicates that the compound is levorotatory, i.e., the compound rotates the plane of polarized light to the left, i.e., counterclockwise. The (+) prefix indicates that the compound is dextrorotatory, i.e., the compound rotates the plane of polarized light to the right, i.e., clockwise. However, the signs of optical rotation (+) and (-) are not related to the absolute configuration R and S of the compound.

[0031] The term "isotopically enriched" refers to a compound that contains an unnatural proportion of isotopes at one or more of the atoms that constitute such compound. In certain embodiments, isotopically enriched compounds include, but are not limited to, hydrogen ( 1 H), deuterium ( 2 H), tritium ( 3 H), Carbon-11( 11 C), carbon-12( 12 C), carbon-13(13 C), carbon-14( 14 C), nitrogen-13( 13 N), nitrogen-14( 14 N), nitrogen-15( 15 N), oxygen-14( 14 O), oxygen-15( 15 O), oxygen-16( 16 O), oxygen-17( 17 O), oxygen-18( 18 O), Fluorine-17( 17 F), Fluorine-18( 18 F), Phosphorus-31( 31 P), phosphorus-32( 32 P), phosphorus-33( 33 P), sulfur-32( 32 S), Sulfur-33( 33 S), Sulfur-34( 34 S), Sulfur-35( 35 S), Sulfur-36( 36 S), Chlorine-35( 35 Cl), Chlorine-36( 36 Cl), Chlorine-37( 37 Cl), Bromine-79( 79 Br), Bromine-81( 81 Br), Iodine-123( 123 I), iodine-125( 125 I), iodine-127( 127 I), iodine-129( 129 I), and iodine-131( 131 In some embodiments, the isotopically enriched compound contains an unnatural ratio of one or more isotopes, such as, but not limited to, hydrogen (I). In some embodiments, the isotopically enriched compound is in a stable form, i.e., is non-radioactive. In some embodiments, the isotopically enriched compound contains an unnatural ratio of one or more isotopes, such as, but not limited to, hydrogen (I). 1 H), deuterium ( 2 H), Carbon-12( 12 C), carbon-13( 13 C), nitrogen-14( 14 N), nitrogen-15( 15 N), oxygen-16( 16 O), oxygen-17( 17 O), oxygen-18( 18 O), Fluorine-17( 17F), Phosphorus-31( 31 P), sulfur-32( 32 S), Sulfur-33( 33 S), Sulfur-34( 34 S), Sulfur-36( 36 S), Chlorine-35( 35 Cl), Chlorine-37( 37 Cl), Bromine-79( 79 Br), Bromine-81( 81 Br), and iodine-127 ( 127 In some embodiments, the isotopically enriched compound is in an unstable form, i.e., radioactive. In some embodiments, the isotopically enriched compound is an isotopically enriched compound, including but not limited to, tritium ( 3 H), Carbon-11( 11 C), carbon-14( 14 C), nitrogen-13( 13 N), oxygen-14( 14 O), oxygen-15( 15 O), Fluorine-18( 18 F), phosphorus-32( 32 P), phosphorus-33( 33 P), sulfur-35( 35 S), Chlorine-36( 36 Cl), Iodine-123( 123 I), iodine-125( 125 I), iodine-129( 129 I), and iodine-131( 131 In the compounds as provided herein, any hydrogen may be, for example, substituted with one or more isotopes, such as, for example, I), where feasible according to the judgment of one of ordinary skill in the art. 2 H, or any carbon can be, for example, 13 C, or any nitrogen can be, for example, 15 N, and any oxygen can be, for example, 18 It will be understood that the number of positions can be O.

[0032] The term "isotopic enrichment" refers to the ratio of a less common isotope of an element at a given position in a molecule (e.g., D for deuterium or hydrogen-2) to a more common isotope of that element (e.g., H for hydrogen or hydrogen-1). 1 H) in place of the isotope. As used herein, when an atom at a particular position in a molecule is designated to be a particular less common isotope, it is understood that the abundance of that isotope at that position is substantially greater than its natural abundance.

[0033] The term "isotopic enrichment factor" means the ratio between the abundance of an isotope in an isotopically enriched compound and the natural abundance of the specified isotope.

[0034] The term "hydrogen" or the symbol "H" refers to protium ( 1 H), deuterium ( 2 H or D), and tritium ( 3 H) in their natural abundance. Protium is the most common hydrogen isotope with a natural abundance of greater than 99.98%. Deuterium is the less common hydrogen isotope with a natural abundance of about 0.0156%.

[0035] The term "deuterium enrichment" refers to the percentage of deuterium incorporation in place of hydrogen at a given position in a molecule. For example, a deuterium enrichment of 1% at a given position means that 1% of the molecules in a given sample contain deuterium at that specified position. Since the natural distribution of deuterium is about 0.0156% on average, the deuterium enrichment at any position in a compound synthesized using non-enriched starting materials is about 0.0156% on average. As used herein, when a particular position in an isotopically enriched compound is designated as having deuterium, it is understood that the abundance of deuterium at that position in the compound is substantially greater than its natural abundance (0.0156%).

[0036] The term "carbon" or the symbol "C" refers to carbon-12 (12 C) and carbon-13 ( 13 Carbon-12 refers to a composition of naturally occurring carbon isotopes, including carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14, carbon-15, carbon-16, carbon-17, carbon-18, carbon-19, carbon-20, carbon-21, carbon-22, carbon-23, carbon-24, carbon-25, carbon-26, carbon-27, carbon-28, carbon-29, carbon-30, carbon-31, carbon-32, carbon-33, carbon-34, carbon-35, carbon-36, carbon-37, carbon-38, carbon-39, carbon-40, carbon-41, carbon-42, carbon-43, carbon-44, carbon-45, carbon-46, carbon-47, carbon-48, carbon-50, carbon-51, carbon-52, carbon-53, carbon-54, carbon-55, carbon-56, carbon-57, carbon-58, carbon-59, carbon-

[0037] "Carbon-13 enrichment factor" or " 13 The term "C enrichment" refers to the percentage of incorporation of carbon-13 in place of carbon at a given position in a molecule. For example, a carbon-13 enrichment of 10% at a given position means that 10% of the molecules in a given sample contain carbon-13 at that specified position. Because the natural distribution of carbon-13 averages about 1.11%, the carbon-13 enrichment at any position in a compound synthesized using non-enriched starting materials averages about 1.11%. As used herein, when a particular position in an isotopically enriched compound is designated as having carbon-13, it is understood that the abundance of carbon-13 at that position in the compound is substantially greater than its natural abundance (1.11%).

[0038] The terms "substantially pure" and "substantially homogeneous", when referring to a substance, mean sufficiently homogeneous to appear free of readily detectable impurities as determined by standard analytical methods used by those skilled in the art, including, but not limited to, thin layer chromatography (TLC), gel electrophoresis, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS); or sufficiently pure that further purification would not detectably alter the physical, chemical, biological, and / or pharmacological properties of the substance, such as enzymatic and biological activity. In certain embodiments, "substantially pure" or "substantially homogeneous" means a collection of molecules in which at least about 95%, at least about 96%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or at least about 99.5% by weight of the molecules are a single compound, such as a single enantiomer, a racemic mixture, or a mixture of enantiomers, as determined by standard analytical methods. As used herein, when an atom at a particular position in an isotopically enriched molecule is designated to be a particular less common isotope, then molecules containing other than the designated isotope at that designated position are impurities with respect to that isotopically enriched compound. Thus, for a deuterated compound having an atom at a particular position designated to be deuterium, a compound containing protium at the same position is an impurity.

[0039] The term "solvate" refers to a complex or aggregate formed by one or more molecules of a solute, such as one or more molecules of a compound provided herein, and one or more molecules of a solvent present in stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric amounts. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, and acetic acid. In some embodiments, the solvent is medicamentously acceptable. In one embodiment, the complex or aggregate is in crystalline form. In another embodiment, the complex or aggregate is in non-crystalline form. When the solvent is water, the solvate is a hydrate. Examples of hydrates include, but are not limited to, hemihydrate, monohydrate, dihydrate, trihydrate, tetrahydrate, and pentahydrate.

[0040] The phrase "an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof" has the same meaning as the phrase "(i) an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant of the compound referred to therein; or (ii) a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug of the compound referred to therein; or (iii) a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug of an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant of the compound referred to therein.

[0041] (compound) In one embodiment, described herein is a compound of formula (I): [ka] (In the formula: R 1 is C 1-6 Alkyl or C3-10 is cycloalkyl; R 2 is hydrogen or C 1-6 is alkyl; R 3 is amino, C 1-6 Alkylamino, di(C 1-6 C, each independently substituted with alkyl, amino, or heterocyclyl 1-6 alkyl or heterocyclyl; R 4 is C 2-6 Alkenyl or C 2-6 alkynyl; and R 5 is a bicyclic heteroaryl; wherein each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more, and in one embodiment one, two, three, or four, substituents Q, where each Q is independently: (a) deuterium, cyano, halo, imino, nitro, and oxo; (b) one or more, and in one embodiment one, two, three, or four, substituents Q. a Each of these is optionally replaced by C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl; and (c) -C(O)R a , -C(O)OR a , -C(O)NR b R c , -C(O)SR a , -C(NR a )NR b R c , -C(S)R a , -C(S)OR a , -C(S)NR b R c , -OR a , -OC(O)R a , -OC(O)OR a , -OC(O)NR b Rc 、 -OC(O)SR a 、 -OC(NR a )NR b R c 、 -OC(S)R a 、 -OC(S)OR a 、 -OC(S)NR b R c 、 -OS(O)R a 、 -OS(O)2R a 、 -OS(O)NR b R c 、 -OS(O)2NR b R c 、 -NR b R c 、 -NR a C(O)R d 、 -NR a C(O)OR d 、 -NR a C(O)NR b R c 、 -NR a C(O)SR d 、 -NR a C(NR d )NR b R c 、 -NR a C(S)R d 、 -NR a C(S)OR d 、 -NR a C(S)NR b R c 、 -NR a S(O)R d 、 -NR a S(O)2R d 、 -NR a S(O)NR b R c 、 -NR a S(O)2NR b R c 、 -SR a 、 -S(O)R a 、 -S(O)2R a 、 -S(O)NR b R c 、 and -S(O)2NR b R c (wherein each R a 、 R b 、 R c, and R d are independently (i) hydrogen or deuterium; (ii) one or more, in one embodiment one, two, three, or four, substituents Q a with arbitrary substitutions for each, C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; or (iii) R b and R c may, together with the N atom to which they are attached, comprise one or more, in one embodiment one, two, three or four, substituents Q a forming an optionally substituted heterocyclyl; Here, each Q a are independently: (a) deuterium, cyano, halo, nitro, imino, and oxo; (b) C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl; and (c) -C(O)R e , -C(O)OR e , -C(O)NR f R g , -C(O)SR e , -C(NR e )NR f R g , -C(S)R e , -C(S)OR e , -C(S)NR f R g , -OR e , -OC(O)R e , -OC(O)OR e , -OC(O)NR f R g , -OC(O)SR e , -OC(NR e )NR f R g , -OC(S)R e, -OC(S)OR e , -OC(S)NR f R g , -OS(O)R e , -OS(O)2R e , -OS(O)NR f R g , -OS(O)2NR f R g , -NR f R g , -NR e C(O)R h , -NR e C(O)OR f , -NR e C(O)NR f R g , -NR e C(O)SR f , -NR e C(NR h )NR f R g , -NR e C(S)R h , -NR e C(S)OR f , -NR e C(S)NR f R g , -NR e S(O)R h , -NR e S(O)2R h , -NR e S(O)NR f R g , -NR e S(O)2NR f R g , -SR e , -S(O)R e , -S(O)2R e , -S(O)NR f R g , and -S(O)NR f R g ;(In the formula, each R e , R f , R g , and R h are independently: (i) hydrogen or deuterium; (ii) C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; or (iii) R f and R g together with the N atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclyl or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

[0042] In certain embodiments, in Formula (I), R 5 is 5,6- or 6,6-fused heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q. In certain embodiments, in formula (I), R 5 is a 5,6-fused heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q. In certain embodiments, in formula (I), R 5 teeth, [ka] (In the formula, each R 6 are independently: (i) hydrogen or halo; or (ii) C, each optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q. 1-6 Alkyl or C 1-6 (alkoxy) It is.

[0043] In another embodiment, described herein is a compound of formula (II): [ka] (In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 6 are each as defined herein. or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

[0044] In yet another embodiment, described herein is a compound of formula (III): [ka] (In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 6 are each as defined herein. or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

[0045] In yet another embodiment, described herein is a compound of formula (IV): [ka] (In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 6 are each as defined herein. or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

[0046] In yet another embodiment, described herein is a compound of formula (V): [ka] (In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 6 are each as defined herein. or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

[0047] In yet another embodiment, described herein is a compound of formula (VI): [ka] (In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 6 are each as defined herein. or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

[0048] In yet another embodiment, described herein is a compound of formula (VII): [ka] (In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 6 are each as defined herein. or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

[0049] In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 1 is C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 1-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 1 is C optionally substituted with one or more halo 1-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 1 is C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 3-10 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 1 is methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, or cyclopropyl.

[0050] In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 2 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 2 is C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 1-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 2 is methyl.

[0051] In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 3 is amino, C 1-6 Alkylamino, di(C 1-6 C substituted with alkyl, amino, or heterocyclyl (wherein each alkyl and heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q) 1-6In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 3 is an amino-substituted C 1-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 3 is C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 1-6 Alkylamino-substituted C 1-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 3 is a di(C 1-6 C substituted with alkyl)amino 1-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 3 is a C substituted with heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 1-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 3 is C substituted with methylamino or dimethylamino 1-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 3 is 2-dimethylaminoethyl or 2-morpholin-4-ylethyl.

[0052] In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 3 is amino, C 1-6 Alkylamino or di(C 1-6 In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) through (VII), R 3 are amino and C, respectively. 1-6 Alkylamino or di(C 1-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R3 is heterocyclyl substituted with methylamino or dimethylamino. In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 3 is a 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocyclyl, each independently substituted with methylamino or dimethylamino. In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) through (VII), R 3 is heterocyclyl substituted with dimethylamino. In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 3 is a 4-, 5-, or 6-membered heterocyclyl, each independently substituted with dimethylamino. In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) through (VII), R 3 is dimethylaminoazetidinyl, dimethylaminopyrrolidinyl, dimethylaminopiperidinyl, or methylpiperidinyl. In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 3 is 3-dimethylaminoazetidin-1-yl, 3-dimethylaminopyrrolidin-1-yl, 4-dimethylaminopiperidin-1-yl, or 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl.

[0053] In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 4 is C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 2-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 4 is C optionally substituted with dimethylamino 2-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 4 is ethenyl or propenyl, each of which is optionally substituted with dimethylamino. In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 4 is ethenyl or 1-propenyl, each of which is optionally substituted with dimethylamino. In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 4is ethenyl or (3-dimethylamino)propen-1-yl.

[0054] In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 4 is C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 2-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 4 is C optionally substituted with dimethylamino 2-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 4 is ethynyl or propynyl, each of which is optionally substituted with dimethylamino. In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (I) to (VII), R 4 is ethynyl, propyn-1-yl, or (3-dimethylamino)propyn-1-yl.

[0055] In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (II) to (VII), R 6 is hydrogen. In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (II) to (VII), R 6 In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (II) to (VII), R 6 is fluoro or chloro. In certain embodiments, in any one of Formulas (II) to (VII), R 6 is C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 1-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (II) to (VII), R 6 is methyl. In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (II) to (VII), R 6 is C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 1-6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (II) to (VII), R 6 In one embodiment, in any one of Formulas (II) to (VII), R 6is chloro, methyl, or methoxy.

[0056] In one embodiment, described herein is: [ka] N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(1-methylimidazo[1,5-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A1; [ka] (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(1-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)buta-2-enamide A2; [ka] 4-(Dimethylamino)-N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(1-methyl-imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A3; [ka] N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(1-methylimidazo[1,5-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A4; [ka] N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,5-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A5; [ka] (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)buta-2-enamide A6; [ka] 4-(Dimethylamino)-N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(8-methyl-imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A7; [ka] N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,5-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A8; [ka] N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(5-methylimidazo[1,5-a]-pyridin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A9; [ka] (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(5-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)buta-2-enamide A10; [ka] 4-(Dimethylamino)-N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(5-methyl-imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A11; [ka] N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(5-methylimidazo[1,5-a]-pyridin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A12; [ka] N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A13; [ka] (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)buta-2-enamide A14; [ka] 4-(Dimethylamino)-N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A15; [ka] N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A16; [ka] N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(7-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A17; [ka] (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(7-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)buta-2-enamide A18; [ka] 4-(Dimethylamino)-N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(7-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A19; [ka] N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(7-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A20; [ka] N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(1-methylpyrrolo[1,2-a]-pyrazin-6-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A21; [ka] (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(1-methylpyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-6-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)buta-2-enamide A22; [ka] 4-(Dimethylamino)-N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(1-methyl-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-6-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A23; [ka] N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(1-methylpyrrolo[1,2-a]-pyrazin-6-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A24; [ka] N-(5-((4-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-morpholinoethyl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A25; [ka] N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(1-methylpiperidin-3-yl)amino)-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A26; [ka] N-(5-((4-(8-chloroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2-((2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylamide A27; [ka] N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methoxyimidazo[1,2-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A28; or [ka] N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A29; or a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

[0057] In another embodiment, described herein is N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A13 ("Compound A13"); or a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof. In certain embodiments, described herein is Compound A13, or a pharma- ceutically acceptable solvate or hydrate thereof. In certain embodiments, Compound A13 is in a crystalline form. In certain embodiments, Compound A13 is in a crystalline form having an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at about 6.6, 13.8, and 19.5 2θ angles (°). In certain embodiments, compound A13 is in a crystalline form having an X-ray powder diffraction pattern including peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 6.6, 10.3, 13.8, 15.2, 16.0, 16.4, 17.1, 19.5, 20.0, 21.2, 22.0, 22.7, 24.3, 25.0, 25.9, and 27.2.

[0058] In yet another embodiment, described herein is a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt of compound A13; or a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma-ceutically acceptable solvate or hydrate thereof. In some embodiments, the pharma-ceutically acceptable salt of compound A13 is crystalline.

[0059] In yet another embodiment, described herein is a benzoate, fumarate, hydrochloride, maleate, mesylate, succinate, or L-tartrate salt of Compound A13; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable solvate or hydrate thereof.

[0060] In yet another embodiment, described herein is a benzoate of compound A13; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable solvate or hydrate thereof.In some embodiments, the benzoate of compound A13 is crystalline.In some embodiments, the benzoate of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 8.7, 10.3, 16.6, and 20.5.In some embodiments, the benzoate of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 8.0, 8.7, 10.3, 14.5, 16.6, 17.4, 18.0, 19.7, 20.5, 22.9, and 23.4.

[0061] In yet another embodiment, described herein is a fumarate salt of compound A13; or a pharma- ceutical acceptable solvate or hydrate thereof.In some embodiments, the fumarate salt is crystalline.In some embodiments, the fumarate salt of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 6.3, 14.8, and 16.1.In some embodiments, the fumarate salt of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 6.3, 6.9, 9.8, 11.6, 13.6, 14.8, 16.1, 19.0, 19.7, 20.9, 22.3, 23.7, and 26.0.

[0062] In yet another embodiment, described herein is the hydrochloride salt of compound A13; or a pharma- ceutical acceptable solvate or hydrate thereof.In some embodiments, the hydrochloride salt of compound A13 is crystalline.In some embodiments, the hydrochloride salt is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 3.6, 22.1, and 25.9.In some embodiments, the hydrochloride salt of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 3.6, 7.3, 10.0, 11.0, 11.3, 18.4, 22.1, 25.9, 27.1, and 29.6.

[0063] In yet another embodiment, described herein is the maleate salt of compound A13; or a pharma- ceutical acceptable solvate or hydrate thereof. In some embodiments, the maleate salt of compound A13 is crystalline. In some embodiments, the maleate salt of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 8.6, 10.3, and 23.3. In some embodiments, the maleate salt of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 5.4, 8.0, 8.6, 10.3, 13.0, 13.6, 13.8, 14.4, 14.8, 15.9, 16.7, 17.2, 17.9, 19.0, 19.9, 20.7, 23.3, 26.1, and 27.1.

[0064] In yet another embodiment, described herein is a mesylate salt of compound A13; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable solvate or hydrate thereof. In some embodiments, the mesylate salt of compound A13 is crystalline. In some embodiments, the mesylate salt of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 4.0, 16.2, and 19.8. In some embodiments, the mesylate salt of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 4.0, 10.0, 11.0, 12.1, 16.2, 18.4, 19.8, 20.3, 21.6, 22.5, 24.5, 29.6, and 33.7.

[0065] In yet another embodiment, described herein is the succinate salt of compound A13; or a pharma- ceutical acceptable solvate or hydrate thereof. In some embodiments, the succinate salt of compound A13 is crystalline. In some embodiments, the succinate salt of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 9.8, 22.1, and 24.6. In some embodiments, the succinate salt of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 6.9, 9.3, 9.8, 12.1, 12.7, 14.7, 15.6, 16.7, 17.7, 20.1, 20.8, 22.1, 23.5, 24.6, 26.0, 28.2, and 29.6.

[0066] In yet another embodiment, described herein is the L-tartrate salt of compound A13; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable solvate or hydrate thereof. In some embodiments, the L-tartrate salt of compound A13 is crystalline. In some embodiments, the L-tartrate salt of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 8.6, 17.3, and 21.2. In some embodiments, the L-tartrate salt of compound A13 is in crystalline form with an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising peaks at 2θ angles (°) of about 8.6, 13.4, 14.3, 14.8, 16.7, 17.3, 17.7, 19.1, 20.0, 20.6, 21.2, 22.4, 22.8, 23.7, and 28.3.

[0067] In some embodiments, the compounds described herein are enriched with deuterium. In some embodiments, the compounds described herein are enriched with carbon-13. In some embodiments, the compounds described herein are enriched with carbon-14. In some embodiments, the compounds described herein are enriched with, but not limited to, nitrogen. 15 N; for oxygen 17 O or 18 O and Sulfur 33 S, 34 S, or 36It contains one or more less common isotopes of other elements, such as S.

[0068] In some embodiments, the compounds described herein have an isotopic enrichment factor of about 5 or more, about 10 or more, about 20 or more, about 30 or more, about 40 or more, about 50 or more, about 60 or more, about 70 or more, about 80 or more, about 90 or more, about 100 or more, about 200 or more, about 500 or more, about 1,000 or more, about 2,000 or more, about 5,000 or more, or about 10,000 or more. However, in any case, the isotopic enrichment factor for a designated isotope will not exceed the maximum isotopic enrichment factor for that designated isotope, which is the isotopic enrichment factor when the compound at a given position is 100% enriched with that designated isotope. Thus, the maximum isotopic enrichment factor varies depending on the isotope. The maximum isotopic enrichment factor is 6410 for deuterium and 90 for carbon-13.

[0069] In certain embodiments, the compounds described herein have a deuterium enrichment of about 64 (about 1% deuterium enrichment) or greater, about 130 (about 2% deuterium enrichment) or greater, about 320 (about 5% deuterium enrichment) or greater, about 640 (about 10% deuterium enrichment) or greater, about 1,300 (about 20% deuterium enrichment) or greater, about 3,200 (about 50% deuterium enrichment) or greater, about 4,800 (about 75% deuterium enrichment) or greater, about 5,130 (about 80% deuterium enrichment) or greater. The deuterium enrichment factor is about 5,450 (about 85% deuterium enrichment) or more, about 5,770 (about 90% deuterium enrichment) or more, about 6,090 (about 95% deuterium enrichment) or more, about 6,220 (about 97% deuterium enrichment) or more, about 6,280 (about 98% deuterium enrichment) or more, about 6,350 (about 99% deuterium enrichment) or more, or about 6,380 (about 99.5% deuterium enrichment) or more. The deuterium enrichment factor can be determined using conventional analytical methods such as mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, known to those skilled in the art.

[0070] In certain embodiments, the compounds described herein have an Fc of about 1.8 (about 2% enrichment in carbon-13) or greater, about 4.5 (about 5% enrichment in carbon-13) or greater, about 9 (about 10% enrichment in carbon-13) or greater, about 18 (about 20% enrichment in carbon-13) or greater, about 45 (about 50% enrichment in carbon-13) or greater, about 68 (about 75% enrichment in carbon-13) or greater, about 72 (about 80% enrichment in carbon-13) or greater, about 80 (about 90% enrichment in carbon-13) or greater, about 90 (about 100% enrichment in carbon-13) or greater, about 100 (about 120% enrichment in carbon-13) or greater, about 140 (about 140% enrichment in carbon-13) or greater, about 160 (about 160% enrichment in carbon-13) or greater, about 180 (about 20 ... ), about 77 (about 85% carbon-13 enrichment) or greater, about 81 (about 90% carbon-13 enrichment) or greater, about 86 (about 95% carbon-13 enrichment) or greater, about 87 (about 97% carbon-13 enrichment) or greater, about 88 (about 98% carbon-13 enrichment) or greater, about 89 (about 99% carbon-13 enrichment) or greater, or about 90 (about 99.5% carbon-13 enrichment) or greater. Carbon-13 enrichment can be determined using conventional analytical methods known to those of skill in the art, such as mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

[0071] In some embodiments, at least one atom of the compound described herein that is specified as being isotopically enriched has an isotopic enrichment of about 1% or more, about 2% or more, about 5% or more, about 10% or more, about 20% or more, about 50% or more, about 70% or more, about 80% or more, about 90% or more, or about 98% or more. In some embodiments, the atom of the compound described herein that is specified as being isotopically enriched has an isotopic enrichment of about 1% or more, about 2% or more, about 5% or more, about 10% or more, about 20% or more, about 50% or more, about 70% or more, about 80% or more, about 90% or more, or about 98% or more. In any case, the isotopic enrichment of the isotopically enriched atom of the compound described herein is not less than the natural abundance of the specified isotope.

[0072] In some embodiments, at least one atom of a compound described herein that is specified as being deuterium enriched has a deuterium enrichment of about 1% or more, about 2% or more, about 5% or more, about 10% or more, about 20% or more, about 50% or more, about 70% or more, about 80% or more, about 90% or more, or about 98% or more. In some embodiments, an atom of a compound described herein that is specified as being deuterium enriched has a deuterium enrichment of about 1% or more, about 2% or more, about 5% or more, about 10% or more, about 20% or more, about 50% or more, about 70% or more, about 80% or more, about 90% or more, or about 98% or more.

[0073] In one embodiment, 13 At least one atom of the compounds described herein that is specified as being C-enriched has a carbon-13 enrichment of about 2% or more, about 5% or more, about 10% or more, about 20% or more, about 50% or more, about 70% or more, about 80% or more, about 90% or more, or about 98% or more. 13 Atoms of the compounds described herein that are specified as being C-enriched have a carbon-13 enrichment of about 1% or more, about 2% or more, about 5% or more, about 10% or more, about 20% or more, about 50% or more, about 70% or more, about 80% or more, about 90% or more, or about 98% or more.

[0074] In some embodiments, the compounds described herein are isolated or purified. In some embodiments, the compounds described herein have a purity of at least about 50%, at least about 70%, at least about 80%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 98%, at least about 99%, or at least about 99.5% by weight.

[0075] The compounds described herein are intended to encompass all possible stereoisomers unless a particular stereochemistry is specified. When the compounds described herein contain an alkenyl group, the compounds may exist as one or a mixture of geometric cis / trans (or Z / E) isomers. When structural isomers are interconvertible, the compounds may exist as a single tautomer or a mixture of tautomers. This can take the form of, for example, proton tautomerism in compounds with imino, keto, or oxime groups; or so-called valence tautomerism in compounds with aromatic moieties. It follows that a single compound may exhibit more than one type of isomerism.

[0076] The compounds described herein can be enantiomerically pure, such as a single enantiomer or a single diastereomer, or can be a mixture of enantiomers, e.g., a racemic mixture of two enantiomers; or a stereoisomeric mixture, such as a mixture of two or more diastereomers. Thus, one of skill in the art will recognize that administration of a compound in its (R) form is equivalent to administration of a compound in its (S) form for compounds that undergo epimerization in vivo. Conventional techniques for the preparation / isolation of individual enantiomers include synthesis from appropriate optically pure precursors, asymmetric synthesis from achiral starting materials, or resolution of enantiomeric mixtures, e.g., chiral chromatography, recrystallization, resolution, formation of diastereomeric salts, or derivatization to diastereomeric adducts followed by separation.

[0077] When the compounds described herein have acidic or basic moieties, they can also be provided as pharma- ceutical acceptable salts. See Berge et al., J. Pharm. Sci. 1977, 66, 1-19; Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties, Selection, and Use, eds. Stahl and Wermuth, 2nd ed.; Wiley-VCH and VHCA, Zurich, 2011.

[0078] Acids suitable for use in the preparation of pharma- ceutically acceptable salts include acetic acid, 2,2-dichloroacetic acid, acylated amino acids, adipic acid, alginic acid, ascorbic acid, L-aspartic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, benzoic acid, 4-acetamidobenzoic acid, boric acid, (+)-camphoric acid, camphorsulfonic acid, (+)-(1S)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid, capric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, cinnamic acid, citric acid, cyclamic acid, cyclohexanesulfamic acid, dodecylsulfuric acid, ethane-1,2-disulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonic acid, formic acid, fumaric acid, galactaric acid, gentisic acid, glucoheptonic acid, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, L-glutamic acid, α-oxoglutaric acid, and the like. Acids that may be used include, but are not limited to, glycolic acid, hippuric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydroiodic acid, (+)-L-lactic acid, (±)-DL-lactic acid, lactobionic acid, lauric acid, maleic acid, (-)-L-malic acid, malonic acid, (±)-DL-mandelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid, naphthalene-1,5-disulfonic acid, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, nicotinic acid, nitric acid, oleic acid, orotic acid, oxalic acid, palmitic acid, pamoic acid, perchloric acid, phosphoric acid, L-pyroglutamic acid, saccharic acid, salicylic acid, 4-amino-salicylic acid, sebacic acid, stearic acid, succinic acid, sulfuric acid, tannic acid, (+)-L-tartaric acid, thiocyanic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, undecylenic acid, and valeric acid. In some embodiments, the compounds described herein are hydrochloride salts.In some embodiments, the compounds described herein are p-toluenesulfonic acid salts.In some embodiments, the compounds described herein are di-p-toluenesulfonic acid salts.

[0079] Bases suitable for use in the preparation of pharma- ceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, inorganic bases such as magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, or sodium hydroxide; as well as L-arginine, benethamine, benzathine, choline, deanol, diethanolamine, diethylamine, dimethylamine, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, 2-(diethylamino)-ethanol, ethanolamine, ethylamine, ethylenediamine, isopropylamine, N-methyl-glucamine, hydrabamine, Included are organic bases such as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary aliphatic and aromatic amines, including 1H-imidazole, L-lysine, morpholine, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-morpholine, methylamine, piperidine, piperazine, propylamine, pyrrolidine, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-pyrrolidine, pyridine, quinuclidine, quinoline, isoquinoline, triethanolamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, N-methyl-D-glucamine, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol, and tromethamine.

[0080] The compounds described herein may also be provided as prodrugs, which are functional derivatives of compounds, such as compounds of formula I, and can be easily converted to the parent compound in vivo. Prodrugs are often useful because, in some circumstances, they may be easier to administer than the parent compound. Prodrugs may be bioavailable, for example, by oral administration, while the parent compound is not bioavailable. Prodrugs may also have improved solubility in pharmaceutical compositions compared to the parent compound. Prodrugs may be converted to the parent drug by various mechanisms, such as enzymatic processes and metabolic hydrolysis.

[0081] The compounds described herein and their crystalline forms can be prepared, isolated, or obtained by any method known to one of ordinary skill in the art, for example, by following the procedures described in CN106279160 and US10,906,901, the disclosures of each of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0082] Pharmaceutical Composition In one embodiment, provided herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula (I), or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof; and a pharma- ceutically acceptable excipient.

[0083] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can be formulated in various dosage forms, including, but not limited to, dosage forms for oral, parenteral, and topical administration. The pharmaceutical compositions can also be formulated as modified release dosage forms, such as delayed release, extended release, extended release, sustained release, pulsed release, controlled release, accelerated release, rapid release, targeted release, programmed release, and gastric retention dosage forms. These dosage forms can be prepared by conventional methods and techniques known to those skilled in the art. See, for example, Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, supra; Modified-Release Drug Delivery Technology, edited by Rathbone et al., 2nd Edition; Drugs and the Pharmaceutical Sciences 184; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 2008.

[0084] In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein are formulated in a dosage form for oral administration. In another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein are formulated in a dosage form for parenteral administration. In yet another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein are formulated in a dosage form for intravenous administration. In yet another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein are formulated in a dosage form for intramuscular administration. In yet another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein are formulated in a dosage form for subcutaneous administration. In yet another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein are formulated in a dosage form for topical administration.

[0085] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can be provided in unit-dosage form or multiple-dosage form. As used herein, unit-dosage form means a physically separate, individually packaged unit suitable for administration to a subject, as known in the art. Each unit dose contains a predetermined amount of active ingredient(s) (e.g., a compound provided herein) sufficient to produce the desired therapeutic effect, together with the required pharmaceutical excipient(s). Examples of unit-dosage forms include, but are not limited to, ampoules, syringes, and individually packaged tablets and capsules. A unit-dosage form may be administered in a fraction or multiple thereof. A multiple-dosage form is a plurality of identical unit-dosage forms packaged in a single container to be administered in separate unit-dosage form. Examples of multiple-dosage forms include, but are not limited to, vials, bottles of tablets or capsules, or bottles of pints or gallons.

[0086] The pharmaceutical composition provided herein can be administered once or multiple times at intervals.It is understood that the exact dosage and duration of treatment can vary according to the age, weight and condition of the subject being treated, and can be determined experimentally using known test protocols or by inference from in vivo or in vitro test or diagnostic data.It is further understood that for any specific individual, specific dosage regimen should be adjusted over time according to the needs of the subject and the professional judgment of the person administering or supervising the administration of pharmaceutical composition.

[0087] In one embodiment, provided herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A13; or a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof; and a pharma- ceutically acceptable excipient.

[0088] In another embodiment, provided herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A13 in a crystalline form; and a pharma- ceutically acceptable excipient.

[0089] In yet another embodiment, provided herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt of N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A13; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable solvate or hydrate thereof; and a pharma- ceutically acceptable excipient.

[0090] (A. Oral Administration) The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein for oral administration can be provided in solid, semi-solid, or liquid dosage forms for oral administration. As used herein, oral administration also includes buccal, lingual, and sublingual administration. Suitable oral dosage forms include, but are not limited to, tablets, fastmelts, chewable tablets, capsules, pills, strips, troches, lozenges, pastilles, cachets, pellets, chewing gum, bulk powders, effervescent or non-effervescent powders or granules, oral mists, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, wafers, sprinkles, elixirs, and syrups. In addition to the active ingredient(s), pharmaceutical compositions can contain one or more pharma- ceutically acceptable carriers or excipients, including, but not limited to, binders, fillers, diluents, disintegrants, wetting agents, lubricants, flow agents, colorants, dye-migration inhibitors, sweeteners, flavorings, emulsifiers, suspending or dispersing agents, preservatives, solvents, non-aqueous liquids, organic acids, and a source of carbon dioxide.

[0091] Binders or granulators provide cohesiveness to the tablet and ensure that it remains intact after compression. Suitable binders or granulators include starches such as corn starch, potato starch, and pregelatinized starch (e.g., Starch 1500®); gelatin; sugars such as sucrose, glucose, dextrose, molasses, and lactose; gum arabic, alginic acid, alginates, Irish moss extract, gum Panwar, gum Ghatti, isabgol husk, and other sugars. Natural and synthetic gums, such as mucilage of the husk, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), Veegum®, larch arabinogalactan, powdered tragacanth, and guar gum; celluloses, such as ethylcellulose, cellulose acetate, carboxymethylcellulose calcium, carboxymethylcellulose sodium, methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC); and microcrystalline celluloses, such as AVICEL® PH-101, AVICEL® PH-103, AVICEL® PH-105, and AVICEL® RC-581. Suitable fillers include, but are not limited to, talc, calcium carbonate, microcrystalline cellulose, powdered cellulose, dextrates, kaolin, mannitol, silicic acid, sorbitol, starch, and pregelatinized starch. The amount of a binder or filler in a pharmaceutical composition provided herein will vary based on the type of formulation, and is readily discernible to one of ordinary skill in the art. The binder or filler may be present in a pharmaceutical composition provided herein from about 50 to about 99 weight percent.

[0092] Suitable diluents include, but are not limited to, dicalcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, lactose, sorbitol, sucrose, inositol, cellulose, kaolin, mannitol, sodium chloride, dry starch, and powdered sugar. Certain diluents, such as mannitol, lactose, sorbitol, sucrose, and inositol, when present in sufficient amounts, can impart properties to some compressed tablets that allow them to disintegrate in the mouth by chewing. Such compressed tablets can be used as chewable tablets. The amount of diluent in the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein varies depending on the type of formulation and is readily discernible to those skilled in the art.

[0093] Suitable disintegrants include, but are not limited to, agar; bentonite; celluloses such as methylcellulose and carboxymethylcellulose; wood products; natural sponge; cation exchange resins; alginic acid; gums such as guar gum and Veegum® HV; citrus pulp; cross-linked cellulose such as croscarmellose; cross-linked polymers such as crospovidone; cross-linked starch; calcium carbonate; microcrystalline cellulose such as sodium starch glycolate; polacrilin potassium; starches such as corn starch, potato starch, tapioca starch, and pregelatinized starch; clay; and algin. The amount of disintegrant in the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein will vary depending on the type of formulation and is readily discernible to one of skill in the art. The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein may contain about 0.5 to about 15% by weight or about 1 to about 5% by weight of disintegrant.

[0094] Suitable lubricants include, but are not limited to, calcium stearate; magnesium stearate; mineral oil; light mineral oil; glycerin; sorbitol; mannitol; glycols such as glycerol behenate and polyethylene glycol (PEG); stearic acid; sodium lauryl sulfate; talc; hydrogenated vegetable oils such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, olive oil, corn oil, and soybean oil; zinc stearate; ethyl oleate; ethyl laurate; agar; starch; lycopodium; and silica or silica gels such as AEROSIL® 200 and CAB-O-SIL®. The amount of lubricant in the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein will vary depending on the type of formulation and is readily discernible to one of skill in the art. The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein may contain about 0.1 to about 5% by weight of lubricant.

[0095] Suitable flow agents include, but are not limited to, colloidal silicon dioxide, CAB-O-SIL®, and asbestos-free talc. Suitable coloring agents include, but are not limited to, any of the approved certified water soluble and water insoluble FD&C dyes suspended on alumina white, and color lakes. Color lakes are the combination by adsorption of a water soluble dye to a hydrated oxide of a heavy metal, resulting in an insoluble form of the dye. Suitable flavoring agents include, but are not limited to, natural flavors extracted from plants such as fruits that produce a pleasant taste, and synthetic compounds, such as peppermint and methyl salicylate. Suitable sweetening agents include, but are not limited to, sucrose, lactose, mannitol, syrups, glycerin, and artificial sweeteners, such as saccharin and aspartame. Suitable emulsifying agents include, but are not limited to, gelatin, gum arabic, tragacanth, bentonite, and surfactants such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 20), polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate 80 (TWEEN® 80), and triethanolamine oleate. Suitable suspending and dispersing agents include, but are not limited to, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, pectin, tragacanth, Veegum®, gum arabic, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and polyvinylpyrrolidone. Suitable preservatives include, but are not limited to, glycerin, methyl and propyl parabens, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate, and alcohol. Suitable wetting agents include, but are not limited to, propylene glycol monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, diethylene glycol monolaurate, and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, glycerin, sorbitol, ethyl alcohol, and syrups. Suitable non-aqueous liquids utilized in emulsions include, but are not limited to, mineral oil and cottonseed oil.Suitable organic acids include, but are not limited to, citric acid and tartaric acid. Suitable sources of carbon dioxide include, but are not limited to, sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate.

[0096] It should be understood that many carriers and excipients may serve several functions within the same formulation.

[0097] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein for oral administration can be provided as compressed tablets, molded tablets, chewable lozenges, fast dissolving tablets, multiple compressed tablets, or enteric-coated, sugar-coated, or film-coated tablets. Enteric-coated tablets are compressed tablets coated with a substance that resists the action of stomach acid but dissolves or disintegrates in the intestine, thus protecting the active ingredient(s) from the acidic environment of the stomach. Enteric coatings include, but are not limited to, fatty acids, fats, phenyl salicylates, waxes, shellac, ammoniated shellac, and cellulose acetate phthalates. Sugar-coated tablets are compressed tablets surrounded by a sugar coating that may be beneficial in masking unpleasant tastes or odors and protecting the tablets from oxidation. Film-coated tablets are compressed tablets covered with a thin layer or film of a water-soluble material. Film coatings include, but are not limited to, hydroxyethylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol 4000, and cellulose acetate phthalates. Film coatings impart the same general characteristics as sugar coatings. Multiple compressed tablets are compressed tablets made by more than one compression cycle, including multi-layer tablets, and compression-coated or dry-coated tablets.

[0098] Tablet dosage forms can be prepared from the active ingredient(s) in powder, crystalline, or granular form, alone or in combination with one or more carriers or excipients described herein, such as binders, disintegrants, controlled release polymers, lubricants, diluents, and / or colorants. Flavoring and sweetening agents are particularly useful in the formation of chewable tablets and lozenges.

[0099] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein for oral administration may be provided as soft or hard capsules that can be made from gelatin, methylcellulose, starch, or calcium alginate. Hard gelatin capsules, also known as dry-filled capsules (DFC), consist of two pieces that slide one over the other, thus completely enclosing the active ingredient(s). Soft elastic capsules (SEC) are soft, globular shells, such as gelatin shells plasticized by the addition of glycerin, sorbitol, or similar polyols. Soft gelatin shells may contain preservatives to prevent microbial growth. Suitable preservatives are as described herein, such as methyl and propyl parabens, and sorbic acid. The liquid, semi-solid, and solid dosage forms provided herein may be encapsulated inside a capsule. Suitable liquid and semi-solid dosage forms include solutions and suspensions in propylene carbonate, vegetable oils, or triglycerides. Capsules containing such a solution can be prepared as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,328,245; 4,409,239; and 4,410,545. The capsules may also be coated as known by those skilled in the art to alter or maintain dissolution of the active ingredient(s).

[0100] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein for oral administration can be provided in liquid and semisolid dosage forms, such as emulsions, solutions, suspensions, elixirs, and syrups. Emulsions are two-phase systems in which one liquid is dispersed in the form of small globules throughout another liquid, and may be oil-in-water or water-in-oil. Emulsions may contain a pharma-ceutically acceptable non-aqueous liquid or solvent, an emulsifying agent, and a preservative. Suspensions may contain a pharma-ceutically acceptable suspending agent and a preservative. Aqueous alcoholic solutions may contain a pharma-ceutically acceptable acetal, such as a di(lower alkyl) acetal of a lower alkyl aldehyde, e.g., acetaldehyde diethyl acetal; and a water-miscible solvent having one or more hydroxyl groups, such as propylene glycol and ethanol. Elixirs are clear, sweetened, hydroalcoholic solutions. Syrups are concentrated aqueous solutions of a sugar, e.g., sucrose, and may also contain a preservative. For a liquid dosage form, the solution, for example, in a polyethylene glycol, may be diluted with a sufficient quantity of a pharma- ceutical acceptable liquid carrier, for example water, to be conveniently measured for administration.

[0101] Other useful liquid and semisolid dosage forms include, but are not limited to, those containing the active ingredient(s) and dialkylated mono- or poly-alkylene glycols, such as 1,2-dimethoxymethane, diglyme, triglyme, tetraglyme, polyethylene glycol-350-dimethyl ether, polyethylene glycol-550-dimethyl ether, polyethylene glycol-750-dimethyl ether (where 350, 550, and 750 refer to the approximate average molecular weights of the polyethylene glycol). These dosage forms may further contain one or more antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), propyl gallate, vitamin E, hydroquinone, hydroxycoumarin, ethanolamine, lecithin, cephalin, ascorbic acid, malic acid, sorbitol, phosphoric acid, bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, thiodipropionic acid and its esters, and dithiocarbamates.

[0102] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein for oral administration can also be provided in the form of liposomes, micelles, microspheres, or nanosystems. Micelle dosage forms can be prepared as described in U.S. Patent No. 6,350,458.

[0103] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein for oral administration may be provided as non-effervescent or effervescent granules and powders to be reconstituted into a liquid dosage form. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and excipients used in non-effervescent granules or powders may include diluents, sweeteners, and wetting agents. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and excipients used in effervescent granules or powders may include organic acids and a carbon dioxide source.

[0104] Coloring and flavoring agents can be used in all of the dosage forms described herein.

[0105] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein for oral administration can be formulated as immediate or controlled release dosage forms, including delayed-, sustained-, pulsed-, controlled-, targeted-, and programmed-release forms.

[0106] (B. Parenteral Administration) The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can be administered parenterally by injection, infusion, or implantation for local or systemic administration. As used herein, parenteral administration includes intravenous, intraarterial, intraperitoneal, intrathecal, intraventricular, intraurethral, ​​intrasternal, intracranial, intramuscular, intrasynovial, intravesical, and subcutaneous administration.

[0107] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein for parenteral administration can be formulated in any dosage form suitable for parenteral administration, including, but not limited to, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, micelles, liposomes, microspheres, nanosystems, and solid forms suitable for solution or suspension in liquid prior to injection. Such dosage forms can be prepared by conventional methods known to those skilled in the art of pharmaceutical sciences. See, for example, Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, supra.

[0108] Pharmaceutical compositions provided herein for parenteral administration can include one or more pharma- ceutically acceptable carriers and excipients, including, but not limited to, aqueous vehicles, water-miscible vehicles, non-aqueous vehicles, antimicrobial agents or preservatives against microbial growth, stabilizers, solubility enhancers, isotonicity agents, buffers, antioxidants, local anesthetics, suspending or dispersing agents, wetting or emulsifying agents, complexing agents, sequestering or chelating agents, cryoprotectants, lyoprotectants, thickening agents, pH adjusting agents, and inert gases.

[0109] Suitable aqueous vehicles include, but are not limited to, water, saline, saline or phosphate buffered saline (PBS), sodium chloride injection, Ringer's injection, isotonic dextrose injection, sterile water for injection, lactated Ringer's injection. Suitable non-aqueous vehicles include, but are not limited to, fixed oils of vegetable origin, castor oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, peanut oil, peppermint oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, hydrogenated vegetable oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, and medium-chain triglycerides of coconut oil and palm kernel oil. Suitable water-miscible vehicles include, but are not limited to, ethanol, 1,3-butanediol, liquid polyethylene glycols (e.g., polyethylene glycol 300 and polyethylene glycol 400), propylene glycol, glycerin, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and dimethylsulfoxide.

[0110] Suitable antimicrobial or preservative agents include, but are not limited to, phenol, cresol, mercurials, benzyl alcohol, chlorobutanol, methyl and propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, thimerosal, benzalkonium chloride (e.g., benzethonium chloride), methyl and propyl paraben, and sorbic acid. Suitable isotonicity agents include, but are not limited to, sodium chloride, glycerin, and dextrose. Suitable buffering agents include, but are not limited to, phosphates and citrates. Suitable antioxidants include those described herein, such as bisulfites and sodium metabisulfite. Suitable local anesthetic agents include, but are not limited to, procaine hydrochloride. Suitable suspending and dispersing agents include those described herein, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, and polyvinylpyrrolidone. Suitable emulsifying agents include those described herein, such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate 80, and triethanolamine oleate. Suitable sequestering or chelating agents include, but are not limited to, EDTA. Suitable pH adjusting agents include, but are not limited to, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, citric acid, and lactic acid. Suitable complexing agents include, but are not limited to, cyclodextrins such as α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin, and sulfobutylether 7-β-cyclodextrin (CAPTISOL®).

[0111] When the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein are formulated for multiple dose administration, the multiple dose parenteral formulations must contain antimicrobial agents in bacteriostatic or fungistatic concentrations. All parenteral formulations must be sterile, as known and practiced in the art.

[0112] In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition for parenteral administration is provided as a ready-to-use sterile solution.In another embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition is provided as a sterile dry soluble product, such as a lyophilized powder and a hypodermic tablet, which is reconstituted with a vehicle before use.In yet another embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition is provided as a ready-to-use sterile suspension.In yet another embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition is provided as a sterile dry insoluble product, which is reconstituted with a vehicle before use.In yet another embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition is provided as a ready-to-use sterile emulsion.

[0113] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein for parenteral administration can be formulated as immediate or controlled release dosage forms, including delayed-, sustained-, pulsed-, controlled-, targeted-, and programmed-release forms.

[0114] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein for parenteral administration can be formulated as a suspension, solid, semisolid, or thixotropic liquid for administration as an implanted depot. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein are dispersed in a solid internal matrix surrounded by a polymeric outer membrane that is insoluble in body fluids but allows the active ingredient(s) in the pharmaceutical composition to diffuse through.

[0115] Suitable inner matrices include, but are not limited to, polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, plasticized or unplasticized polyvinyl chloride, plasticized nylon, plasticized polyethylene terephthalate, natural rubber, polyisoprene, polyisobutylene, polybutadiene, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, silicone rubber, polydimethylsiloxane, silicone-carbonate copolymers, hydrophilic polymers (such as hydrogels of acrylic and methacrylic acid esters), collagen, cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol, and cross-linked partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate.

[0116] Suitable polymeric outer membranes include, but are not limited to, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene / propylene copolymers, ethylene / ethyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, silicone rubbers, polydimethylsiloxanes, neoprene rubbers, chlorinated polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride copolymers with vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, ethylene and propylene, ionomeric polyethylene terephthalate, butyl rubber epichlorohydrin rubber, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymers, ethylene / vinyl acetate / vinyl alcohol terpolymers, and ethylene / vinyloxyethanol copolymers.

[0117] (C. Topical Administration) The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can be administered topically to the skin, orifices, or mucosa. As used herein, topical administration includes transdermal (intradermal), conjunctival, intracorneal, intraocular, ophthalmic, auricular, transdermal, intranasal, intravaginal, urethral, ​​respiratory, and rectal administration.

[0118] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can be formulated in any dosage form suitable for topical administration for local or systemic effect, including, but not limited to, emulsions, solutions, suspensions, creams, gels, hydrogels, ointments, spreads, dressings, elixirs, lotions, suspensions, tinctures, pastes, foams, films, aerosols, irrigations, sprays, suppositories, bandages, and transdermal patches. Topical formulations of the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein may also include liposomes, micelles, microspheres, and nanosystems.

[0119] Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and excipients suitable for use in topical formulations include, but are not limited to, aqueous vehicles, water-miscible vehicles, non-aqueous vehicles, antimicrobial agents or preservatives against microbial growth, stabilizers, solubility enhancers, isotonicity agents, buffers, antioxidants, local anesthetics, suspending and dispersing agents, wetting or emulsifying agents, complexing agents, sequestering or chelating agents, penetration enhancers, cryoprotectants, lyoprotectants, thickening agents, and inert gases.

[0120] Pharmaceutical compositions may also be administered locally by electroporation, iontophoresis, phonophoresis, sonophoresis, or microneedle or needle-free injection (such as POWDERJECT™ and BIOJECT™).

[0121] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can be provided in the form of ointments, creams, and gels. Suitable ointment vehicles include oily or hydrocarbon vehicles, such as lard, benzoinated lard, olive oil, cottonseed oil, and other oils, white petrolatum; emulsifiable or absorbent vehicles, such as hydrophilic petrolatum, hydroxystearin sulfate, and anhydrous lanolin; water-removable vehicles, such as hydrophilic ointments; water-soluble ointment vehicles, such as polyethylene glycols of various molecular weights; emulsion vehicles, either water-in-oil (W / O) emulsions or oil-in-water (O / W) emulsions, such as cetyl alcohol, glyceryl monostearate, lanolin, and stearic acid. See, for example, Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, supra. These vehicles are emollient, but generally require the addition of antioxidants and preservatives.

[0122] Suitable cream bases may be oil-in-water or water-in-oil. Suitable cream vehicles will be water-washable and contain an oil phase, an emulsifier, and an aqueous phase. The oil phase, also called the "internal" phase, is generally composed of petrolatum and a fatty alcohol, such as cetyl or stearyl alcohol. The aqueous phase is usually, but not necessarily, larger in volume than the oil phase and generally contains a humectant. The emulsifier in a cream formulation may be a nonionic, anionic, cationic, or amphoteric surfactant.

[0123] Gels are semi-solid suspension-type systems. Single-phase gels contain organic macromolecules distributed substantially uniformly throughout the liquid carrier. Suitable gelling agents include, but are not limited to, cross-linked acrylic polymers such as carbomer, carboxypolyalkylene, and CARBOPOL®; hydrophilic polymers such as polyethylene oxide, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymers, and polyvinyl alcohol; cellulosic polymers such as hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate, and methylcellulose; gums such as tragacanth and xanthan gum; sodium alginate; and gelatin. To prepare a homogeneous gel, dispersing agents such as alcohol or glycerin can be added, or the gelling agent can be dispersed by trituration, mechanical mixing, and / or stirring.

[0124] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein may be administered rectally, urethrally, vaginally, or perivaginally in the form of a suppository, pessary, bougie, poultice or patch, paste, powder, dressing, cream, plaster, contraceptive, ointment, solution, emulsion, suspension, tampon, gel, foam, spray, or enema. These dosage forms may be produced using conventional processes such as those described in Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, supra.

[0125] Rectal, urethral, ​​and vaginal suppositories are solids for insertion into a body orifice, solid at ordinary temperatures, but melt or soften at body temperature to release the active ingredient(s) within the orifice. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers utilized in rectal and vaginal suppositories include bases or vehicles, such as stiffening agents, that provide a melting point close to body temperature when formulated with the active ingredient(s); and antioxidants, such as bisulfite and sodium metabisulfite, as described herein. Suitable vehicles include, but are not limited to, cocoa butter (theobroma oil), glycerin-gelatin, carbowax (polyoxyethylene glycol), spermaceti, paraffin, white and yellow wax, and suitable mixtures of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of fatty acids, as well as hydrogels, such as polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and polyacrylic acid. Combinations of the various vehicles may also be used. Rectal and vaginal suppositories may be prepared by compression or molding. The typical weight of a rectal and vaginal suppository is about 2 to about 3 g.

[0126] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can be administered ophthalmically in the form of solutions, suspensions, ointments, emulsions, gel-forming solutions, powders for solution, gels, ocular inserts, and implants.

[0127] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can be administered intranasally or by inhalation into the airways.The pharmaceutical compositions can be provided in the form of an aerosol or solution for delivery using a pressurized container, pump, spray, atomizer (such as an electrohydrodynamic atomizer that produces a fine mist), or nebulizer, alone or in combination with a suitable propellant, such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane or 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane.The pharmaceutical compositions can also be provided as a dry powder for insufflation, alone or in combination with an inert carrier, such as lactose or phospholipids; and as nasal drops.For intranasal use, the powder can include a bioadhesive agent, such as chitosan or cyclodextrin.

[0128] Solutions or suspensions for use in pressurized containers, pumps, sprays, atomizers, or nebulizers can be formulated to contain ethanol, aqueous ethanol, or another suitable agent to disperse, solubilize, or prolong the release of the active ingredient(s); a propellant as a solvent; and / or a surfactant (such as sorbitan trioleate, oleic acid, or oligolactic acid).

[0129] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can be micronized to a size suitable for delivery by inhalation, such as about 50 micrometers or less, or about 10 micrometers or less. Particles of such sizes can be prepared using comminution methods known to those skilled in the art, such as spiral jet milling, fluidized bed jet milling, supercritical fluid processing to form nanoparticles, high pressure homogenization, or spray drying.

[0130] Capsules, blisters, and cartridges for use in an inhaler or insufflator can be formulated to contain a powder mix of the pharmaceutical composition provided herein; a suitable powder base, such as lactose or starch; and a performance modifier, such as l-leucine, mannitol, or magnesium stearate. Lactose can be anhydrous or in the form of the monohydrate. Other suitable excipients or carriers include, but are not limited to, dextran, glucose, maltose, sorbitol, xylitol, fructose, sucrose, and trehalose. The pharmaceutical composition provided herein for inhalation / intranasal administration can further comprise a suitable flavor, such as menthol and levomenthol; and / or a sweetener, such as saccharin and saccharin sodium.

[0131] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein for topical administration can be formulated to be immediate or modified release, including delayed-, sustained-, pulsed-, controlled-, targeted-, and programmed-release.

[0132] (D. Modified release) The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can be formulated as modified release dosage forms. As used herein, the term "modified release" refers to a dosage form in which the rate or location of release of active ingredient(s) is different from that of an immediate dosage form when administered by the same route. Modified release dosage forms include, but are not limited to, delayed release, extended release, prolonged release, sustained release, pulsed release, controlled release, accelerated and rapid release, targeted release, programmed release dosage forms, and gastric retention dosage forms. Modified release dosage forms of pharmaceutical compositions can be prepared using various modified release devices and methods known to those skilled in the art, such as, but not limited to, matrix controlled release devices, osmotic controlled release devices, multiparticulate controlled release devices, ion exchange resins, enteric coatings, multilayer coatings, microspheres, liposomes, and combinations thereof. The release rate of active ingredient(s) can also be adjusted by diversifying the particle size and polymorphism of the active ingredient(s).

[0133] (1. Matrix Controlled Release Devices) The pharmaceutical composition provided herein in the form of modified release dosage form can be prepared using matrix controlled release devices known to those skilled in the art.See, for example, Takada et al. in Encyclopedia of Controlled Drug Delivery, edited by Mathiowitz, Wiley, 1999; Vol. 2.

[0134] In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein in modified release dosage form are formulated with an erodible matrix device that is a water-swellable, erodible, or soluble polymer, including, but not limited to, synthetic polymers and natural polymers and derivatives, such as polysaccharides and proteins.

[0135] Materials useful for forming an erodible matrix include chitin, chitosan, dextran, and pullulan; agar gum, gum arabic, gum karaya, locust bean gum, tragacanth gum, carrageenan, gum ghatti, guar gum, xanthan gum, and scleroglucan; starches such as dextrin and maltodextrin; hydrophilic colloids such as pectin; phosphatides such as lecithin; alginates; propylene glycol alginate; gelatin; collagen; ethyl cellulose (EC), methyl ethyl cellulose (MEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), CMEC, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), cellulose acetate (CA), cellulose propionate (CP), cellulose butyrate (CB), cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), CAP, CAT, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), HPMCP, HPMCAS, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate trimellitate; poly(2-hydroxyethyl-methacrylate); polylactic acid; copolymers of L-glutamic acid and ethyl L-glutamate; degradable lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymers; poly-D-(-)-3-hydroxybutyric acid; and other acrylic acid derivatives such as homopolymers and copolymers of butyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, (2-dimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate, and (trimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate chloride.

[0136] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein are formulated with a non-erodible matrix device. The active ingredient(s) are dissolved or dispersed in an inert matrix and, upon administration, are released primarily by diffusion through the inert matrix. Materials suitable for use as a non-erodible matrix device include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisoprene, polyisobutylene, polybutadiene, polymethylmethacrylate, polybutylmethacrylate, chlorinated polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, methylacrylate-methylmethacrylate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene / propylene copolymer, ethylene / ethyl acrylate copolymer, vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride copolymer with ethylene and propylene, ionomeric polyethylene terephthalate, butyl rubber, epichlorohydrin, etc. Insoluble plastics such as rubber, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymers, ethylene / vinyl acetate / vinyl alcohol terpolymers, ethylene / vinyloxyethanol copolymers, polyvinyl chloride, plasticized nylon, plasticized polyethylene terephthalate, natural rubber, silicone rubber, polydimethylsiloxane, and silicone-carbonate copolymers; hydrophilic polymers such as ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, crospovidone, and cross-linked partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate; and fatty compounds such as carnauba wax, microcrystalline wax, and triglycerides.

[0137] In a matrix controlled release system, the desired release kinetics can be controlled, for example, by the type of polymer employed, the polymer viscosity, the particle size of the polymer and / or the active ingredient(s), the ratio of active ingredient(s) to polymer, and other excipients or carriers in the composition.

[0138] The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein in modified release dosage form can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art, such as direct compression, dry or wet granulation followed by compression, and melt granulation followed by compression.

[0139] (2. Osmotically Controlled Release Devices) The pharmaceutical composition provided herein in the form of modified release dosage form can be prepared using osmotic controlled release devices, such as, but not limited to, one-chamber system, two-chamber system, asymmetric membrane technology (AMT), and extruded core system (ECS).In general, such devices have at least two components: (a) a core containing active ingredient; and (b) a semipermeable membrane with at least one delivery port that encapsulates the core.The semipermeable membrane controls the influx of water from the aqueous environment of use into the core, so as to cause drug release by extrusion through delivery port(s).

[0140] In addition to the active ingredient(s), the core of the osmotic device optionally contains an osmotic agent that creates a driving force for the transport of water from the environment of use into the core of the device. One class of osmotic agents are water-swellable hydrophilic polymers, also referred to as "osmopolymers" and "hydrogels." Suitable water-swellable hydrophilic polymers as osmotic agents include, but are not limited to, hydrophilic vinyl and acrylic polymers, polysaccharides (such as calcium alginate), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol (PPG), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), poly(acrylic) acid, poly(methacrylic) acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), crosslinked PVP, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), PVA / PVP copolymers, PVA / PVP copolymers with hydrophobic monomers such as methyl methacrylate and vinyl acetate, hydrophilic polyurethanes containing large PEO blocks, sodium croscarmellose, carrageenan, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and carboxyethyl, cellulose (CEC), sodium alginate, polycarbophil, gelatin, xanthan gum, and sodium starch glycolate.

[0141] Another class of osmotic agents is osmogens, which can absorb water and affect the osmotic pressure gradient of the surrounding membrane barrier.Suitable osmogens include, but are not limited to, inorganic salts such as magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium chloride, lithium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium phosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfite, lithium sulfate, potassium chloride, and sodium sulfate; sugars such as dextrose, fructose, glucose, inositol, lactose, maltose, mannitol, raffinose, sorbitol, sucrose, trehalose, and xylitol; organic acids such as ascorbic acid, benzoic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, maleic acid, sebacic acid, sorbic acid, adipic acid, edetic acid, glutamic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, succinic acid, and tartaric acid; urea; and mixtures thereof.

[0142] Osmotic agents with different dissolution rates can be employed to affect how rapidly the active ingredient(s) is initially delivered from the dosage form. For example, amorphous sugars such as MANNOGEM™ EZ can be used to provide a faster delivery in the first two hours that produces an immediate desired therapeutic effect, and a slower and continuous release of the remaining amount that maintains a desired level of therapeutic or prophylactic action over an extended period of time. In this case, the active ingredient(s) is released at a rate that replaces the amount of the active ingredient that is metabolized and excreted.

[0143] The core can also include a variety of other excipients and carriers as described herein that improve the performance of the dosage form or promote stability or processing.

[0144] Materials useful for forming semipermeable membranes include various grades of acrylics, vinyls, ethers, polyamides, polyesters, and cellulosics that are water permeable and water insoluble at physiologically relevant pH and are amenable to being rendered water insoluble by chemical alteration such as crosslinking. Examples of suitable polymers useful for forming coatings include plasticized, unplasticized, and reinforced cellulose acetate (CA), cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, CA propionate, cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), CA ethyl carbamate, CAP, CA methyl carbamate, CA succinate, cellulose acetate trimellitate (CAT), CA dimethylaminoacetate, CA ethyl carbonate, CA chloroacetate, CA ethyl oxalate, CA methyl sulfonate, CA butyl sulfonate, CA p-toluenesulfonate, agar acetate (agar acetate), and the like. acetate), amylose triacetate, beta glucan acetate, beta glucan triacetate, acetaldehyde dimethyl acetate, triacetate of locust bean gum, hydroxylated ethylene vinyl acetate, EC, PEG, PPG, PEG / PPG copolymers, PVP, HEC, HPC, CMC, CMEC, HPMC, HPMCP, HPMCAS, HPMCAT, poly(acrylic) acids and esters and poly-(methacrylic) acids and esters and copolymers thereof, starch, dextran, dextrin, chitosan, collagen, gelatin, polyalkenes, polyethers, polysulfones, polyethersulfones, polystyrene, polyvinyl halides, polyvinyl esters and ethers, natural waxes, and synthetic waxes.

[0145] The semipermeable membrane may also be a hydrophobic microporous membrane in which the pores are substantially filled with gas and are not wetted by aqueous media, but are permeable to water vapor, as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,798,119. Such hydrophobic but water vapor permeable membranes are typically composed of hydrophobic polymers such as polyalkenes, polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylic acid derivatives, polyethers, polysulfones, polyethersulfones, polystyrene, polyvinyl halides, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl esters and ethers, natural waxes, and synthetic waxes.

[0146] The delivery port(s) on the semipermeable membrane can be formed by mechanical or laser drilling after coating. The delivery port(s) can also be formed in situ by erosion of a plug of water-soluble material or by rupture of a thin section of the membrane covering a core cavity. In addition, the delivery port(s) can be formed during the coating process, as in the coating of asymmetric membranes of the type disclosed in U.S. Patents 5,612,059 and 5,698,220.

[0147] The total amount and release rate of the active ingredient(s) released can be substantially controlled by the thickness and porosity of the semipermeable membrane, the composition of the core, and the number, size, and location of the delivery ports.

[0148] The pharmaceutical composition in an osmotic controlled release dosage form may further include additional conventional excipients or carriers as described herein that facilitate performance or processing of the formulation.

[0149] Osmotic controlled release dosage forms can be prepared by conventional methods and techniques known to those skilled in the art, see, for example, Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, supra; Santus and Baker, J. Controlled Release, 1995, 35, 1-21; Verma et al., Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 2000, 26, 695-708; Verma et al., J. Controlled Release, 2002, 79, 7-27.

[0150] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition provided herein is formulated as an AMT controlled release dosage form, which comprises an asymmetric osmotic membrane covering a core that comprises active ingredient(s) and other pharma- ceutical acceptable excipients or carriers.See, for example, U.S. Patent No. 5,612,059 and WO2002 / 17918.AMT controlled release dosage form can be prepared by conventional methods and techniques known to those skilled in the art, such as direct compression, dry granulation, wet granulation, and dip-coating method.

[0151] In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions provided herein are formulated as ESC controlled release dosage forms comprising an osmotic membrane covering a core comprising the active ingredient(s), hydroxyethylcellulose, and other pharma- ceutical acceptable excipients or carriers.

[0152] (3. Multiparticulate Controlled Release Devices) The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein in modified release dosage form can be prepared as multiparticulate controlled release devices comprising a variety of particles, granules, or pellets having diameters ranging from about 10 μm to about 3 mm, about 50 μm to about 2.5 mm, or about 100 μm to about 1 mm. Such multiparticulates can be prepared by processes known to those skilled in the art, such as wet and dry granulation, extrusion-spheronization, roller-compaction, melt-congealing, and by spray-coating seed cores. See, for example, "Multiparticulate Oral Drug Delivery" edited by Ghebre-Sellassie; Drugs and the Pharmaceutical Sciences 65; CRC Press: 1994; and "Pharmaceutical Palletization Technology" edited by Ghebre-Sellassie; Drugs and the Pharmaceutical Sciences 37; CRC Press: 1989.

[0153] Other excipients or carriers, as described herein, can be mixed with the pharmaceutical composition to aid in the processing and formation of the multiparticulates. The resulting particles can themselves constitute a multiparticulate device or can be coated with various film-forming materials, such as enteric polymers, water-swellable, and water-soluble polymers. The multiparticulates can be further processed into capsules or tablets.

[0154] (4. Targeted Delivery) The pharmaceutical compositions provided herein can also be formulated to target specific tissues, receptors, or other areas of the body of the subject being treated, such as with liposomes, erythrocytes, and antibody-based delivery systems. For example, see U.S. Patent Nos. 6,316,652; 6,274,552; 6,271,359; 6,253,872; 6,139,865; 6,131,570; 6,120,751; 6,071,495; 6,060,082; 6,048,731; and 6,120,741. Nos. 6,039,975; 6,004,534; 5,985,307; 5,972,366; 5,900,252; 5,840,674; 5,759,542; and 5,709,874.

[0155] (Treatment Methods) In one embodiment, provided herein is a method of treating, preventing, or ameliorating one or more symptoms of EGFR mutated lung cancer in a subject, comprising administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein, e.g., a compound of Formula (I), or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

[0156] In another embodiment, provided herein is a method of treating, preventing, or ameliorating one or more symptoms of lung cancer in a subject, comprising: (c) determining the presence of an EGFR exon 20 mutation in a sample from the subject; and (d) if the sample is determined to have an EGFR exon 20 mutation, administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I), or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof. The method comprises:

[0157] In some embodiments, the lung cancer is localized. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is regional. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is distant. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is advanced. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is locally advanced. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is unresectable. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is inoperable. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is incurable. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is metastatic. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is recurrent. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is recurrent. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is refractory. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is refractory to standard therapy. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is intolerant of a standard therapy. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is drug resistant. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is resistant to chemotherapy. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is resistant to targeted drug therapy. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is resistant to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). In some embodiments, the lung cancer is resistant to an EGFR inhibitor. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is resistant to a first generation EGFR inhibitor. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is resistant to a second generation EGFR inhibitor. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is resistant to a third generation EGFR inhibitor. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is resistant to afatinib, brigatinib, dacomitinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, icotinib, or osimertinib.

[0158] In some embodiments, the lung cancer is at stage I. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is at stage IA1, IA2, IA3, or IB. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is at stage II. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is at stage IIA or IIB. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is at stage III. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is at stage IIIA, IIB, or IIIC. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is at stage IV. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is at stage IVA or IVB. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is at stage II, III, or IV. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is at stage III or IV.

[0159] In some embodiments, the lung cancer is small cell lung cancer. In some embodiments, the lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In some embodiments, the lung cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, or large cell carcinoma.

[0160] In some embodiments, the NSCLC is localized. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is regional. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is distant. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is advanced. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is locally advanced. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is unresectable. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is inoperable. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is incurable. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is metastatic. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is recurrent. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is recurrent. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is refractory. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is refractory to standard therapy. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is refractory to standard therapy. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is drug resistant. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is resistant to chemotherapy. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is resistant to targeted drug therapy. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is resistant to TKI. In some embodiments, NSCLC is resistant to EGFR inhibitors.In some embodiments, NSCLC is resistant to first generation EGFR inhibitors.In some embodiments, NSCLC is resistant to second generation EGFR inhibitors.In some embodiments, NSCLC is resistant to third generation EGFR inhibitors.In some embodiments, NSCLC is resistant to afatinib, brigatinib, dacomitinib, erlotinib, gefitinib, icotinib, or osimertinib.

[0161] In some embodiments, the NSCLC is at stage I. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is at stage IA1, IA2, IA3, or IB. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is at stage II. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is at stage IIA or IIB. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is at stage III. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is at stage IIIA, IIB, or IIIC. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is at stage IV. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is at stage IVA or IVB. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is at stage II, III, or IV. In some embodiments, the NSCLC is at stage III or IV.

[0162] In some embodiments, NSCLC has EGFR mutation. In some embodiments, NSCLC has EGFR mutation in exon 18. In some embodiments, NSCLC has EGFR point mutation in exon 18. In some embodiments, NSCLC has G719X in exon 18. In some embodiments, NSCLC has G719S. In some embodiments, NSCLC has EGFR exon 18 deletion. In some embodiments, NSCLC has EGFR exon 18 insertion.

[0163] In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR mutation in exon 19. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR point mutation in exon 19. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 19 deletion. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 19 insertion.

[0164] In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR mutation in exon 20. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR point mutation in exon 20. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has S768I. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has T790M. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has S768I, V769L, H773Y, V774M, R776H, or R776C. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 deletion.

[0165] In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion between D761 and C775. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids between D761 and C775. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of 1 amino acid between D761 and C775. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of 2 amino acids between D761 and C775. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of 3 amino acids between D761 and C775. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of 4 amino acids between D761 and C775. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of 5 amino acids between D761 and C775. In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of 6 amino acids between D761 and C775. In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of 7 amino acids between D761 and C775.

[0166] In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of D761_E762insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of A763_Y764insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of Y764_V765insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of V765_M766insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of A767_S768insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of S768_V769insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of V769_D770insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of D770_N771insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of N771_P772insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids.In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of P772_H773insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of H773_V774insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. In certain embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of V774_C775insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids.

[0167] In certain embodiments, the NSCLC is a mutation of any of the following: A763_Y764insFQEA, A763_Y764insLQEA, A767_S768insASV, A767_S768insTLA, S768_D770dup, V769_D770insGE, V769_D770insASV, V769_D770insGSV, V769_D770insGVV, V769_D770insMASVD, D770_N771insG, D770_N771insY, D770_N771insGV, D770_N771insGT, D770_N771insNPG, D770_N771insSVD, D770_N771delin sGY, N771dup, N771_P772insH, N771_P772insN, N771_P772insHH, N771_P772insSVDNR, N771delinsFH, N771delinsGY, N771_H773dup, P772_H773insNP, P772_H773insDNP, P772_H773insNPH, H773_V774insAH, H773_V774insH, H773_V774insY, H773_V774insAH, H773_V774insPH, H773_V774insNPH, or V774_C775insHV. In some embodiments, NSCLC has A763_Y764insFQEA, A767_S768insASV, S768_D770dup, V769_D770insASV, D770_N771insNPG, D770_N771insSVD, D770_N771delinsGY, D770_N771delinsFH, N771_P772delinsFH, N771_H773dup, or H773_V774insNPH. In some embodiments, NSCLC has A763_Y764insFQEA, V769_D770insGE, V769_D770insASV, D770_N771insNPG, D770_N771insSVD, or H773_V774insNPH. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has A763_Y764insFQEA. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has V769_D770insGE. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has V769_D770insASV.In some embodiments, the NSCLC has D770_N771insNPG. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has D770_N771insSVD. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has H773_V774insNPH.

[0168] As used herein, EGFR mutations are named according to Dunnen and Antonarakis, Hum. Mutat. 2000, 15, 7-12, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. For example, S768_D770dup represents a doubling of the amino acid sequence from residues S768 to D770; D770_N771delinsGY represents a deletion of residues D770 and N771 and an insertion of GY at those sites; A763_Y764insFQEA represents an insertion of FQEA between residues A763 and Y764.

[0169] In some embodiments, NSCLC has EGFR mutation in exon 21. In some embodiments, NSCLC has EGFR point mutation in exon 21. In some embodiments, NSCLC has L858R in exon 21. In some embodiments, NSCLC has L861Q in exon 21. In some embodiments, NSCLC has EGFR exon 21 deletion. In some embodiments, NSCLC has EGFR exon 21 insertion.

[0170] In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR mutation in exon 22. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR point mutation in exon 22. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 22 deletion. In some embodiments, the NSCLC has an EGFR exon 22 insertion.

[0171] In some embodiments, the sample is a body fluid. In some embodiments, the sample is a tissue. In some embodiments, the sample is a lung cancer specimen. In some embodiments, the sample is a biopsy. In some embodiments, the sample is a lung cancer biopsy.

[0172] In some embodiments, EGFR mutation is determined by nucleic acid sequencing.In some embodiments, EGFR mutation is determined by fragment analysis.In some embodiments, EGFR mutation is determined by Sanger sequencing.In some embodiments, EGFR mutation is detected by the method described in Naidoo et al., Cancer 2015, 121, 3212-20, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0173] In some embodiments, the subject is treatment-naive, i.e., has never received a therapy for lung cancer. In some embodiments, the subject is receiving treatment for lung cancer. In some embodiments, the subject has failed a previous therapy. In some embodiments, the subject has failed two or more previous therapies.

[0174] In some embodiments, the subject is a mammal. In some embodiments, the subject is a human. In some embodiments, the subject is an adult human. In some embodiments, the subject is a pediatric human.

[0175] The methods provided herein encompass treating subjects regardless of the patient's age, although some diseases are more prevalent in certain age groups.

[0176] In some embodiments, the therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is in the range of about 0.1 to about 100 mg / kg per day, about 0.2 to about 50 mg / kg per day, about 0.5 to about 20 mg / kg per day, or about 1 to about 10 mg / kg per day. In one embodiment, the therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is in the range of about 0.1 to about 100 mg / kg per day. In another embodiment, the therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is in the range of about 0.2 to about 50 mg / kg per day. In yet another embodiment, the therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is in the range of about 0.5 to about 20 mg / kg per day. In yet another embodiment, the therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is in the range of about 1 to about 10 mg / kg per day. In yet another embodiment, the therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein, e.g., compound A22, is about 0.5, about 0.6, about 0.7, about 0.8, about 0.9, about 1, about 2, about 3, about 4, about 5, about 7, about 8, about 9, or about 10 mg / kg per day.

[0177] In some embodiments, the therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is in the range of about 10 to about 1,000 mg per day, about 20 to about 500 mg per day, or about 50 to about 200 mg per day. In one embodiment, the therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is in the range of about 10 to about 1,000 mg per day. In another embodiment, the therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is in the range of about 20 to about 500 mg per day. In yet another embodiment, the therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is in the range of about 50 to about 200 mg per day. In yet another embodiment, the therapeutically effective amount of a compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is about 50, about 100, about 150, about 200, about 250, about 300, about 350, about 400, about 450, or about 500 mg per day.

[0178] It is understood that the administered dose of the compounds described herein can be expressed in units other than mg / kg per day. For example, doses for parenteral administration can be expressed in mg / m per day. 2 One of skill in the art can easily calculate the dosage for a given subject's height or weight, or both, in mg / kg per day to mg / m per day. 2 For example, it will be easy to see how this is converted to 1 mg / m per day for a 65 kg human. 2 The dose is approximately equal to 58 mg / kg per day.

[0179] Depending on the disease to be treated and the condition of the subject, the compounds described herein may be administered by oral, parenteral (e.g., intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intravenous, CIV, intracisternal injection or infusion, subcutaneous injection, or implant), inhalation, nasal, vaginal, rectal, sublingual, or topical (e.g., transdermal or local) routes of administration.

[0180] In one embodiment, the compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is administered orally. In another embodiment, the compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is administered parenterally. In yet another embodiment, the compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is administered intravenously. In yet another embodiment, the compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is administered intramuscularly. In yet another embodiment, the compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is administered subcutaneously. In yet another embodiment, the compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is administered topically.

[0181] The compounds described herein, for example, Compound A13, can be delivered as a single dose, for example, a single bolus injection, or an oral tablet or pill; or over time, for example, continuous infusion over time or divided bolus doses over time. The compounds described herein, for example, Compound A13, can be administered repeatedly, if necessary, for example, until the subject exhibits stable disease or regression, or until the subject exhibits disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Stable disease or lack thereof is determined by methods known in the art, such as evaluation of the subject's symptoms, physical examination, visualization of the cancer imaged using X-ray, CAT, PET, or MRI scans, and other commonly accepted evaluation modalities.

[0182] The compounds described herein, for example, Compound A13, can be administered once a day (QD) or divided into multiple daily doses, such as twice a day (BID) and three times a day (TID). In addition, administration can be continuous, i.e., daily, or intermittent. The term "intermittent" or "intermittently," as used herein, is intended to mean stopping and starting at either regular or irregular intervals. For example, intermittent administration of the compounds described herein, for example, Compound A13, can be administration 1-6 days per week, cyclic administration (e.g., daily administration for 2-8 consecutive weeks, followed by a rest period of up to 1 week during which no administration occurs), or administration every other day.

[0183] However, it will be understood that the specific dose level and frequency of dosing for any particular subject may vary and will depend on a variety of factors, such as the activity of the particular compound employed, e.g., Compound A13, the metabolic stability and duration of action of the compound, age, body weight, general health, sex, diet, mode and time of administration, rate of excretion, drug combination, severity of the particular condition, and the recipient of the therapy.

[0184] In some embodiments, the compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is periodically administered to the subject to be treated.Cycling therapy includes administering the compound for a period of time, followed by a period of rest, and repeating this series of administrations.Cycling therapy can reduce the occurrence of resistance to one or more of the therapies, avoid or reduce the side effects of one of the therapies, and / or improve the efficacy of the treatment.

[0185] As a result, in one embodiment, the compounds described herein, e.g., Compound A13, are administered for a cycle of about 1 week, about 2 weeks, about 3 weeks, about 4 weeks, about 5 weeks, about 6 weeks, about 8 weeks, or about 10 weeks with a rest period of about 1 day to about 4 weeks. In one embodiment, the compounds described herein, e.g., Compound A13, are administered for a cycle of 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 5 weeks, or 6 weeks with a rest period of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, or 14 days. In some embodiments, the rest period is 7 days. In some embodiments, the rest period is 14 days. In some embodiments, the rest period is a period sufficient for bone marrow recovery. The frequency, number, and length of the dosing cycles can be increased or decreased.

[0186] In one embodiment, the compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is administered in a 28-day cycle with a 7-day rest period for 3 weeks.In one embodiment, in a 28-day cycle with a 7-day rest period, the compound described herein, for example, compound A13, is administered daily for 1 week.

[0187] In certain embodiments, the subject is treated with a compound described herein, e.g., Compound A13, for about 1 to about 50, about 2 to about 20, about 2 to 10, or about 4 to about 8 cycles. In certain embodiments, the subject is treated with a compound described herein, e.g., Compound A13, for about 1 to about 50 cycles. In certain embodiments, the subject is treated with a compound described herein, e.g., Compound A13, for about 2 to about 20 cycles. In certain embodiments, the subject is treated with a compound described herein, e.g., Compound A13, for about 2 to 10 cycles. In certain embodiments, the subject is treated with a compound described herein, e.g., Compound A13, for about 4 to about 8 cycles.

[0188] In one embodiment, provided herein is a method of inhibiting the proliferation of lung cancer cells, comprising contacting the cells with an effective amount of a compound described herein, e.g., a compound of Formula (I), or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

[0189] The present disclosure will be further understood from the following non-limiting examples. EXAMPLES

[0190] (Example) As used herein, the symbols and conventions used in the processes, schemes, and examples are consistent with those used in modern scientific literature, such as the Journal of the American Chemical Society, the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, or the Journal of Biological Chemistry, regardless of whether a particular abbreviation is specifically defined. Specifically, but not by way of limitation, the following abbreviations may be used in the examples and throughout the specification: mg (milligrams); mL (milliliters); μL (microliters); h (hours); and min (minutes).

[0191] Example 1 (Inhibitory activity of compound A13 against EGFR mutants) Compound A13 was tested against EGFR mutations using the HTFR KINEASE-TK kit (Cisbio) according to the manufacturer's protocol: (i) three exon 20 insertions: V769_D770insGE, D770_N771insNPG, and A763_Y764insFQEA; and (ii) one point mutation: L861Q. The determined IC 50 The values ​​are summarized in Table 1. (Table 1. Inhibitory activity against EGFR mutants) [Table 1]

[0192] Example 2 (Inhibitory activity of compound A13 against EGFR mutants in Ba / F3 cells) Compound A13 and osimertinib were tested against EGFR mutations: (i) two point mutations: G719S and L861Q; and (ii) four exon 20 insertions: A763_Y764insFQEA, V769_D770insASV, D770_N771insSVD, and H773_V774insNPH in Ba / F3 cell line using the CELLTITER-GLO Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega) according to the manufacturer's protocol. The determined IC 50 The values ​​are summarized in Table 2.

[0193] Example 3 (Antitumor activity of compound A13 in a xenograft mouse model of lung cancer) Compound A13 as a single agent was evaluated for lung cancer treatment in a subcutaneous LU0387 lung cancer PDX model using female Balb / c nude mice. Tumor fragments from stock mice were harvested for tumor inoculation into mice. Each mouse was inoculated with a PDX model LU0387 tumor fragment (2-3 mm in diameter) subcutaneously in the right rear flank for tumor development. (Table 2. Inhibitory activity against EGFR mutants) [Table 2]

[0194] The average tumor size was approximately 517.37 mm 3 Randomization began when the nasal passage temperature (Np) was reached. Twenty-four mice were randomly assigned to eight test groups with three mice per group. The day of randomization was designated day 0.

[0195] After tumor inoculation, mice were checked daily for morbidity and mortality. The mice were checked for the effects of tumor growth and treatment on behavior, including mobility, food and water consumption, weight gain or loss, eye / hair matting, and any abnormalities. Mortality and observed clinical symptoms were recorded in detail for each individual mouse.

[0196] Tumor volumes (TV) were measured using calipers twice weekly after randomization. Formula: V=(L x W x W) / 2 where V is the tumor volume, L is the tumor length (the longest tumor dimension), and W is the tumor width (the longest tumor dimension perpendicular to L). The calculation was carried out using

[0197] Compound A13 was orally administered as the benzoate salt in citrate / phosphate buffer at pH 4.0 at 20, 40, and 80 mg / kg once daily for 21 days. The results are summarized in Table 3. In Table 3, RTV stands for relative tumor volume.

[0198] Compared to vehicle control, 40 and 80 mg / kg compound A13 showed significant antitumor activity with TGI (tumor growth inhibition) values ​​of 61% (P=0.016 vs. vehicle control) and 107% (P<0.001 vs. vehicle control), respectively. The tumor volume in mice treated with 80 mg / kg compound A13 was 36 mm on day 21. 3 This is 86 mm smaller than that of day 0. 3 Compound A13 was also well tolerated. Table 3. Effect of compound A13 on tumor volume. [Table 3]

[0199] Using the same xenograft mouse model, the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of compound A13 were determined using a single oral dose of 80 mg / kg. For each mouse, blood samples were taken at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 hours after dosing. The determined PK parameters are summarized in Table 4. Table 4. Pharmacokinetics of Compound A13 in Balb / c mice. [Table 4]

[0200] Example 4 (Phase I. Evaluation of the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of compound A13 in subjects with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer) This is an open-label, single-arm, non-randomized, dose escalation / expansion study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) and efficacy of N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A13 as the benzoate salt in human subjects with locally advanced or metastatic non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). The study will be conducted in two phases: Phase Ia and Phase Ib.

[0201] Phase Ia is a dose escalation phase to evaluate the safety and tolerability of orally administered compound A13 in subjects with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC harboring EGFR T790M, and to determine dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Dose escalation will proceed according to a 3+3 design. 15-30 subjects will be enrolled in Phase Ia. Each treatment cycle will be 28 days (4 weeks).

[0202] In phase Ia, each subject starts at 50 mg per day and gradually increases to 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg per day. After confirming that the subject has not experienced DLT 7 days after receiving the initial dose of 50 mg per day, the subject receives the subsequent dose to complete a 28-day treatment cycle. At the same dose level, the next subject cannot start taking compound A13 until the previous subject at the same dose level starts taking the second dose. Before escalating to the next dose level, at least three subjects will take the current dose level at least once and be evaluated for safety. If one of the three subjects experiences DLT at a dose level, three more subjects will be added to that dose level, thus making a total of six subjects for that dose level. If the three additional subjects do not experience DLT, dose escalation will continue. If one or more of the three additional subjects experience DLT, dose escalation will be stopped. If 2 of 3 subjects experience DLT at a dose level, dose escalation will be discontinued.

[0203] Phase Ib is a dose expansion phase that evaluates the efficacy of Compound A13 in subjects with locally advanced or metastatic NSLC harboring EGFR T790M, ex20ins, or rare mutations (G719X, S768I, or L861Q). Dose levels in Phase Ib are summarized in Table 5. 76-111 subjects will be enrolled. Each treatment cycle will be 28 days (4 weeks). Each subject will take one daily dose before meals.

[0204] Eligible subjects for this study are subjects with locally advanced NSCLC ineligible for surgery or radiation therapy, aged ≥18 years, or subjects with metastatic NSCLC. For the dose escalation phase, eligible subjects are subjects aged 18-65 years; with ECOG of 0-1; and with EGFR T790M after treatment with a first or second generation EGFR-TKI (e.g., erlotinib or gefitinib). For the dose expansion phase, eligible subjects are subjects aged 18-75 years; with ECOG of 0-2; and with EGFR T790M, EGFR ex20ins (treatment-experienced or untreated), or rare EGFR mutations (G719X, S768I, or L861Q) (treatment-experienced or untreated) after treatment with a first or second generation EGFR-TKI (e.g., erlotinib or gefitinib).

[0205] Additional inclusion criteria for eligible subjects included: (i) absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1500 cells / μL; (ii) platelet count ≥ 90,000 / μL; (iii) hemoglobin (HGB) ≥ 90 g / L; (iv) international normalized ratio (INR) ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN); (v) serum AST and ALT ≤ 2.5 x ULN, and TBIL ≤ 1.5 x ULN; (vi) serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN or creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL / min (according to Cockcroft and Gault); and LVEF ≤ 50%. Table 5. Dosing levels in Phase Ib [Table 5]

[0206] The safety of Compound A13 will be assessed by: (i) DLTs; (ii) treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs); (iii) clinical laboratory tests (routine hematology, blood chemistry, routine urinalysis, and blood coagulation); (iv) physical examination; (v) vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, temperature, and weight); and (vi) electrocardiogram.

[0207] The preliminary efficacy of compound A13 will be evaluated by: (i) overall response rate (ORR; complete response (CR) + partial response (PR)); (ii) disease control rate (DCR; CR + PR + stable disease); (iii) duration of response (DOR); (iv) progression-free survival (PFS); and (vi) overall survival (OS).

[0208] C max , T max , AUC, and t 1 / 2 The PK parameters of compound A13, including:

[0209] The above examples are provided to provide those skilled in the art with a complete disclosure and description of how to make and use the claimed embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of what is disclosed herein. Modifications that are obvious to those skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims. All publications, patents, and patent applications cited in this specification are incorporated herein by reference as if each such publication, patent, or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated herein by reference.

Claims

1. 1. A pharmaceutical composition for use in treating, preventing, or ameliorating one or more symptoms of EGFR mutated lung cancer, comprising a compound of formula (I): 【Chemistry 1】 (In the formula: R 1 is C 1-6 Alkyl or C 3-10 is cycloalkyl; R 2 is hydrogen or C 1-6 is alkyl; R 3 is amino, C 1-6 Alkylamino, di(C 1-6 C, each independently substituted with alkyl, amino, or heterocyclyl 1-6 alkyl or heterocyclyl; R 4 is C 2-6 Alkenyl or C 2-6 alkynyl; and R 5 is a bicyclic heteroaryl; wherein each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q, where each Q is independently: (a) deuterium, cyano, halo, imino, nitro, and oxo; (b) one or more substituents Q a Each of these is optionally replaced by C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl; and (c) -C(O)R a , -C(O)OR a , -C(O)NR b R c , -C(O)SR a , -C(NR a )NR b R c , -C(S)R a , -C(S)OR a , -C(S)NR b R c , -OR a , -OC(O)R a , -OC(O)OR a , -OC(O)NR b R c , -OC(O)SR a , -OC(NR a )NR b R c , -OC(S)R a , -OC(S)OR a , -OC(S)NR b R c , -OS(O)R a , -OS(O) 2 R a , -OS(O)NR b R c , -OS(O) 2 NR b R c , -NR b R c , -NR a C(O)R d , -NR a C(O)OR d , -NR a C(O)NR b R c , -NR a C(O)SR d , -NR a C(NR d )NR b R c , -NR a C(S)R d , -NR a C(S)OR d , -NR a C(S)NR b R c , -NR a S(O)R d , -NR a S(O) 2 R d , -NR a S(O)NR b R c , -NR a S(O) 2 NR b R c , -SR a , -S(O)R a , -S(O) 2 R a , -S(O)NR b R c , and -S(O) 2 NR b R c (In the formula, each R a , R b , R c , and R d are independently (i) hydrogen or deuterium; (ii) one or more substituents Q a with arbitrary substitutions for each, C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; or (iii) R b and R c may, together with the N atom to which they are attached, represent one or more, in one embodiment one, two, three or four, substituents Q a forming an optionally substituted heterocyclyl; Here, each Q a are independently: (a) deuterium, cyano, halo, nitro, imino, and oxo; (b) C 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl; and (c) -C(O)R e , -C(O)OR e , -C(O)NR f R g , -C(O)SR e , -C(NR e )NR f R g , -C(S)R e , -C(S)OR e , -C(S)NR f R g , -OR e , -OC(O)R e , -OC(O)OR e , -OC(O)NR f R g , -OC(O)SR e , -OC(NR e )NR f R g , -OC(S)R e , -OC(S)OR e , -OC(S)NR f R g , -OS(O)R e , -OS(O) 2 R e , -OS(O)NR f R g , -OS(O) 2 NR f R g , -NR f R g , -NR e C(O)R h , -NR e C(O)OR f , -NR e C(O)NR f R g , -NR e C(O)SR f , -NR e C(NR h )NR f R g , -NR e C(S)R h , -NR e C(S)OR f , -NR e C(S)NR f R g , -NR e S(O)R h , -NR e S(O) 2 R h , -NR e S(O)NR f R g , -NR e S(O) 2 NR f R g , -SR e , -S(O)R e , -S(O) 2 R e , -S(O)NR f R g , and -S(O) 2 NR f R g ;(In the formula, each R e , R f , R g , and R h are independently (i) hydrogen or deuterium; 1-6 Alkyl, C 2-6 Alkenyl, C 2-6 Alkynyl, C 3-10 Cycloalkyl, C 6-14 Aryl, C 7-15 aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; or (iii) R f and R g together with the N atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclyl or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

2. R 5 is 5,6- or 6,6-fused heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q, or R 5 2. The pharmaceutical composition for use according to claim 1, wherein is 5,6-fused heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q.

3. The compound has the formula (II): 【Chemistry 2】 or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

4. The compound has the formula (III): 【Chemistry 3】 or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

5. The compound has the formula (IV): 【Chemistry 4】 or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

6. The compound has the formula (V): 【Chemistry 5】 or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

7. The compound has the formula (VI): 【Chemistry 6】 or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

8. The compound has the formula (VII): 【Chemistry 7】 or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, a diastereomer, a mixture of two or more diastereomers, a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

9. R 1 C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 1-6 is alkyl; or R 1 is methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, or ethyl; or R 1 C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 3-10 is cycloalkyl; or R 1 is cyclopropyl; and / or R 2 is hydrogen; or R 2 C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 1-6 is alkyl; or R 2 is methyl; and / or R 3 But, Amino, C 1-6 Alkylamino, di(C 1-6 C substituted with alkyl)amino or heterocyclyl 1-6 alkyl; where each alkyl and heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q; or R 3 is 2-dimethylaminoethyl or 2-morpholin-4-ylethyl; or R 3 But, Amino, C 1-6 Alkylamino or di(C 1-6 wherein each alkyl and heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q; or R 3 is 3-dimethylaminoazetidin-1-yl, 3-dimethylaminopyrrolidin-1-yl, 4-dimethylaminopiperidin-1-yl, or 1-methylpiperidin-3-yl; and / or R 4 C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 2-6 alkenyl; or R 4 is ethenyl or (3-dimethylamino)propen-1-yl; or R 4 C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 2-6 alkynyl; or R 4 3. The pharmaceutical composition for use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein is ethynyl, propyn-1-yl, or (3-dimethylamino)propyn-1-yl.

10. R 6 is hydrogen or halo; or R 6 is hydrogen or chloro; or R 6 C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 1-6 is alkyl; or R 6 is methyl; or R 6 C optionally substituted with one or more substituents Q 1-6 is alkoxy; or R 6 4. The pharmaceutical composition for use according to claim 3, wherein is methoxy.

11. The compound comprising: N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(1-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A1; (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(1-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)buta-2-enamide A2; 4-(Dimethylamino)-N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(1-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A3; N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(1-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A4; N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A5; (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)buta-2-enamide A6; 4-(Dimethylamino)-N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A7; N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A8; N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(5-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A9; (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(5-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)buta-2-enamide A10; 4-(Dimethylamino)-N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(5-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A11; N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(5-methylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A12; N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A13; (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)buta-2-enamide A14; 4-(Dimethylamino)-N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A15; N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A16; N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(7-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A17; (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(7-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)buta-2-enamide A18; 4-(Dimethylamino)-N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(7-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A19; N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(7-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A20; N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(1-methylpyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-6-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A21; (E)-4-(dimethylamino)-N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(1-methylpyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-6-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)buta-2-enamide A22; 4-(Dimethylamino)-N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(1-methylpyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-6-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A23; N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(1-methylpyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-6-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)but-2-ynamide A24; N-(5-((4-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-morpholinoethyl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A25; N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(1-methylpiperidin-3-yl)amino)-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A26; N-(5-((4-(8-chloroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2-((2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxyphenyl)acrylamide A27; N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methoxyimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A28; or N-(4-methoxy-2-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A29; or a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof.

12. The compound is N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A13; or a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or prodrug thereof; or The compound is N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A13; or a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a pharma- ceutically acceptable solvate or hydrate thereof; optionally, the compound is crystalline; or the compound is a pharma- ceutically acceptable salt of N-(2-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-4-methoxy-5-((4-(8-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)acrylamide A13; or a tautomer, a mixture of two or more tautomers, or an isotopic variant thereof; or a solvate or hydrate thereof; optionally, the pharma- ceutically acceptable salt is crystalline.

13. the lung cancer is non-small lung cancer; or the lung cancer is locally advanced non-small lung cancer; or the lung cancer is metastatic non-small lung cancer; and / or the lung cancer is at stage II, III, or IV; and / or the lung cancer is unresectable; and / or the lung cancer is refractory; and / or the lung cancer has recurred; and / or 3. The pharmaceutical composition for use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lung cancer is drug resistant; or the lung cancer is resistant to an EGFR inhibitor.

14. the lung cancer has an EGFR mutation in exon 20; or the lung cancer has an EGFR exon 20 insertion; or the lung cancer has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of A763_Y764insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids; or the lung cancer has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of A763_Y764insFQEA; or the lung cancer has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of V769_D770insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids; or the lung cancer has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of V769_D770insGE or V769_D770insASV; or the lung cancer has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of D770_N771insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids; or the lung cancer has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of D770_N771insNPG or D770_N771insSVD; or the lung cancer has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of H773_V774insX, where X is an insertion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 amino acids, each independently selected from the 20 naturally occurring amino acids; or 3. The pharmaceutical composition for use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lung cancer has an EGFR exon 20 insertion of H773_V774insNPH.

15. the lung cancer has not been treated; or the lung cancer has been treated; optionally, prior therapy for the lung cancer has failed; and / or the compound is administered orally; or the compound is administered as a tablet or capsule; and / or the therapeutically effective amount is in the range of about 0.1 to about 100 mg / kg per day; or the therapeutically effective amount is in the range of about 10 to about 1,000 mg per day; and / or 3. The pharmaceutical composition for use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the compound is administered cyclically, optionally one cycle being 28 days; or optionally the compound is administered in a 28 day cycle of 3 weeks of daily administration followed by one week of rest.

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