Novel microparticles containing active ingredients

Abstract

Microparticles containing one or more active ingredients, said one or more active ingredients being immiscible with water, said one or more active ingredients being dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent S which is liquid (at 21° C.) or immiscible with water, The microparticles are i) at least one phospholipid PL; ii) at least one sterol ST; iii) at least one polypeptide PP; iv) optionally at least one polysaccharide PS having an overall positive charge; v) optionally, a microparticle containing an inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of components i) to iv) via the formation of non-covalent bonds.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to microparticles containing one or more active ingredients, the one or more active ingredients being immiscible with water, the one or more active ingredients being dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent S which is liquid (at 21° C.) or immiscible with water, The microparticles are i) at least one phospholipid PL; ii) at least one sterol ST; iii) at least one polypeptide PP; iv) optionally at least one polysaccharide PS having an overall positive charge; v) optionally an inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of the components i) to iv) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; The present invention relates to microparticles comprising:

[0002] The invention further relates to methods of making and using such microparticles, as well as the formulation and use of such microparticles.

[0003] As used herein, when reference is made to two components "interacting" with one another, this is intended to mean that such two components interact with one another through the formation of non-covalent bonds. [Background technology]

[0004] Encapsulation of active ingredients has been known for a long time. It has several advantages over non-encapsulated formulations. For example, it is possible to control the release profile of the active ingredient in the formulation.

[0005] Known encapsulation techniques include, for example, forming a polymer shell or polymer particles around the encapsulated active ingredient. Polymers frequently used for such encapsulation include acrylic polymers, polyurea or polyurethane polymers, or aminoplast polymers.

[0006] A drawback of the above encapsulation techniques is that the polymers are not readily biodegradable and can lead to the formation of small polymer particles that can persist for long periods of time. Such persistent polymer particles are sometimes called microplastics. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] It was therefore an object of the present invention to provide microparticles containing an active ingredient that have an excellent release profile, form stable formulations and at the same time can easily degrade under ambient conditions and do not form microplastics. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The object is to provide microparticles containing one or more active ingredients, said one or more active ingredients being immiscible with water, said one or more active ingredients being dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent S, which is liquid (at 21° C.) or immiscible with water, The microparticles are i) at least one phospholipid PL; ii) at least one sterol ST; iii) at least one polypeptide PP; iv) optionally at least one polysaccharide PS having an overall positive charge; v) optionally an inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of the components i) to iv) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; This was achieved by the microparticles containing

[0009] In one embodiment, the object is a microparticle that is a microcapsule having a shell and a core, or a microsphere, said microsphere or the core of said microcapsule containing one or more active ingredients, said one or more active ingredients being immiscible with water, said one or more active ingredients being dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent S that is liquid (at 21° C.) or immiscible with water, The microparticles are i) at least one phospholipid PL; ii) at least one sterol ST; iii) at least one polypeptide PP; iv) optionally at least one polysaccharide PS having an overall positive charge; v) optionally an inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of the components i) to iv) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; This was achieved by the microparticles containing

[0010] The microparticles of the present invention are typically microcapsules having a shell and a core, or microspheres. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] The term microsphere as used herein refers to a particle structure having an average particle size as described below, characterized by the absence of an outer shell, exosporium or any distinct outer layer, containing one or more active ingredients dispersed in a matrix material. According to the present invention, said matrix material contains at least one phospholipid PL and optionally at least one sterol ST as the main weight components. The microspheres according to the present invention are typically liquid or semi-liquid ("jelly-like") at 21°C. The microspheres of the present invention are typically spherical.

[0012] The active ingredient may be present in a separate phase, partly dissolved in the matrix material and partly as droplets dispersed throughout the matrix.

[0013] Typically, the microparticles of the present invention are microcapsules having a shell and a core, or are microspheres, and in the case of microcapsules, the shell of such microcapsules comprises the phospholipid PL, the sterol ST, the polypeptide PP, and the polysaccharide PS.

[0014] The microparticles of the present invention contain, within the matrix of the microsphere or within the core of the microcapsule, one or more active ingredients. As used herein, active ingredient is intended to mean any compound or mixture of compounds used to achieve a particular effect on a target upon its release.

[0015] According to the present invention, the active ingredient contained in the microparticles of the present invention is immiscible with water.

[0016] "Water-immiscible" in the present context is intended to mean that such active ingredient has a solubility in water of less than 10 g / l at 21° C., preferably less than 1 g / l at 21° C. In one embodiment, a water-immiscible active ingredient has a solubility in water of less than 0.1 g / l at 21° C.

[0017] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from pesticides, plant health agents, repellents, biocides, phase change materials, pharmaceuticals, cosmetic ingredients (fragrances, flavors, vitamins, essential oils, plant extracts, etc.), nutrients, food additives (vegetable oils, fish oils, vitamins, fragrances, antioxidants, essential oils, plant extracts, etc.), pheromones, catalysts.

[0018] Preferred active ingredients are selected from pesticides, pharmaceuticals, cosmetic ingredients (fragrances, flavors, vitamins, essential oils, plant extracts, etc.), nutrients, food additives (vegetable oils, fish oils, vitamins, fragrances, antioxidants, essential oils, plant extracts, etc.), pheromones, and catalysts.

[0019] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from pesticides, cosmetic ingredients (fragrances, fragrances, vitamins, essential oils, plant extracts, etc.), nutrients, food additives (vegetable oils, fish oils, vitamins, fragrances, antioxidants, essential oils, plant extracts, etc.), pheromones, and catalysts.

[0020] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from pesticides.

[0021] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from personal care active ingredients.

[0022] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from cosmetic ingredients (fragrances, fragrances, vitamins, essential oils, plant extracts, etc.).

[0023] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from nutrients.

[0024] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from food additives (vegetable oils, fish oils, vitamins, fragrances, antioxidants, essential oils, plant extracts, etc.).

[0025] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from a pheromone.

[0026] In one embodiment, the active component is selected from a catalyst.

[0027] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from an insect repellent.

[0028] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from a biocide.

[0029] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a nutrient used in the food and animal nutrition sector, such as lipophilic vitamins, such as tocopherol, vitamin A and its derivatives, vitamin D and its derivatives, vitamin K and its derivatives, vitamin E, vitamin F and its derivatives, or saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, as well as their derivatives and compounds, natural and synthetic flavors, aroma substances and fragrances, and lipophilic pigments, such as, for example, retinoids, flavonoids or carotenoids.

[0030] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a pharmaceutical agent such as anesthetics and narcotics, anticholinergics, antidepressants, psychostimulants and neuroleptics, antiepileptics, antifungals, anti-inflammatories, bronchodilators, cardiovascular drugs, cytostatics, hyperemics, antilipemics, antispasmodics, testosterone derivatives, tranquilizers, or antiviral drugs.

[0031] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a food additive such as vegetable oil, fish oil, vitamins, fragrances, antioxidants, essential oils, plant extracts, and the like.

[0032] One preferred active ingredient is vitamin A.

[0033] One preferred active ingredient is vitamin E.

[0034] One preferred type of active ingredient is an edible oil (eg, vegetable oil or fish oil) that contains unsaturated fatty acids, such as omega-3 fatty acids, or the highly unsaturated fatty acids of fish oil, such as docosahexaenoic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid.

[0035] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a perfume oil, an organic UV filter, a pigment or a care substance, such as a substance used in the field of personal care (eg cosmetics), such as panthenol.

[0036] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a preferred dye that can be used as an active base in the capsules according to the invention, e.g. a natural or synthetic dye approved in the field of nutrition or cosmetics, as described in WO 2005 / 009604 A1, page 9, lines 18 to 30.

[0037] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is an organic UV filter. Examples of such organic UV filters include the following commercially available UV filters: PABA, homosalate (HMS), benzophenone-3 (BENZ-3), butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMDBM), octocrylene (OC), polyacrylamidomethyl benzylidene camphor, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EMC.OMC), isoamyl p-methoxycinnamate (IMC), ethylhexyl triazone (OT, ET), drometrizole trisiloxane, diethylhexyl butamido triazone (DBT), 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (MBC), 3-benzoyl Dilidene camphor (BC), ethylhexyl salicylate (OS, ES), ethylhexyl dimethyl PABA (OD-PABA, ED-PABA), benzophenone-4 (BENZ-4), methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol (bis octyltriazole, BOT), bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine (AT), polysilicone 15 or diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate, and mixtures of these UV filters. Further UV filters can be used as well: 2,4,6-tris(biphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TBT), methanone 1,1'-(1,4-piperazinediyl)bis[1-[2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]] (CAS number 919803-06-8), 1,1-di(carboxy-(2',2'-dimethylpropyl))-4,4-diphenylbutadiene, merocyanine derivatives or benzylidenemalonate UVB filters, as well as mixtures of these UV filters with each other or with UV filters.

[0038] Particularly preferred are UV filters selected from octocrylene, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, ethylhexyl triazone, diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate, methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol, or bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine, and mixtures of these UV filters.

[0039] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a pheromone or a mixture of pheromones. Suitable pheromones include:

[0040] [Table 1]

[0041] [Table 2]

[0042] [Table 3]

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from the following list: (1S)-4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one;3,7-Dimethyl-bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-ol;4,6,6-trimethyl-,[1S-(1a,2b,5a)]-2,6-octadienal;(3,3-Dimethylcyclohexylidene)-acetaldehyde;(2Z)Mixture of (3,3-Dimethylcyclohexylidene)-acetaldehyde and (2E)(3,3-Dimethylcyclohexylidene)-acetaldehyde;2-Methyl-6-methylene-2,7-octadien-4-ol;(2E)2-(3,3-Dimethylcyclohexylidene)-ethanol;cis-1-Methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)-cyclobutaneethanol; (2Z)-2-(3,3-Dimethylcyclohexylidene)-ethanol;2-Methyl-6-methylene-7-octen-4-ol; 4-Methyl-5-nonanone;(5E)-5-decen-1-ol;(5Z)-5-decen-1-ol;4-Methyl-5-nonanol; (2E,4E,6Z)-2,4,6-Decatrienoic acid methyl ester;(2E,4Z)-2,4-Decadienoic acid methyl ester; 4,6-Dimethyl-7-hydroxynonan-3-one;Mixture of (4R,6S,7S)-(.+-.)-4,6-Dimethyl-7-hydroxynonan-3-one and (4R,6R,7R)-(.+-.)-4,6-Dimethyl-7-hydroxynonan-3-one;(8E,10E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol;(5E)-5-decen-1-ol, acetate ;(3Z)-3-Decen-1-ol, acetate;(5Z)-5-Decen-1-ol acetate;(7Z)-7-Decen-1-ol, acetate;(8Z)-8-Dodecen-1-ol;(9Z)-9-Dodecen-1-ol;(8E,10E)-8,10-Dodecadien-1-ol acetate;(7E,9Z)-7,9-Dodecadien-1-ol acetate; 11-Tetradecenal; mixture of (11E)-11-tetradecenal and (11Z)-11-tetradecenal; (11Z)-11-Tetradecenal;(9Z)-9-Tetradecenal;(9Z,12E)-9,12-Tetradecadien-1-ol;(7Z)-7-Tetradecen-2-one;11-Dodecen-1-ol acetate;(7E)-7-Dodecen-1-ol acetate;(8E)-8-Dodecen-1-ol acetate;(9E)-9-Dodecen-1-ol acetate;8-Dodecen-1-ol-1-acetate;Mixture of (8E)-8-Dodecen-1-ol-1-acetate and (8Z)-8-Dodecen-1-ol-1-acetate ;(5Z)-5-dodecen-1-ol acetate;(7Z)-7-dodecen-1-ol acetate;(8Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate;(9Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate;(11E)-11-tetradecen-1-ol;(11Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol;(6E)-7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-1,6,10-dodecatriene;4-Tridecen-1-ol acetate;(4E)-4-Tridecen-1-ol acetate and (4Z)-4-Tridecen-1-ol acetate mixture;(4Z )-4-Tridecen-1-ol acetate;(11Z,13Z)-11,13-Hexadecadienal;(9E,11E)-9,11-Tetradecadien-1-ol acetate;(9Z,12E)-9,12-Tetradecadien-1-ol acetate;(9Z,11E)-9,11-Tetradecadien-1-ol acetate;(11Z)-11-Hexadecenal;(9Z)-9-Hexadecenal;(11Z)-11-Tetradecen-1-ol acetate;(11E)-11-Tetradecen-1-ol acetate;(9E)-9-Tetradecenal Decen-1-ol acetate;(7Z)-7-Tetradecen-1-ol acetate;(8Z)-8-Tetradecen-1-ol acetate;(9Z)-9-Tetradecen-1-ol acetate;(11E)-11-Hexadecen-1-ol;(11Z)-11-Hexadecen-1-ol;(8Z)-14-Methyl-8-hexadecenal;6-Acetoxy-5-hexadecanolide;(13Z)-13-Octadecenal;(11Z)-11-Hexadecen-1-ol acetate;(11E);11-Hexadecen-1-ol acetate;2,13-Octadecadien-1-ol acetate;Mixture of (2E,13Z)-2,13-Octadecadien-1-ol acetate and (3E,13Z)-2,13-Octadecadien-1-ol acetate;(7Z)-7-Eicosen-11-one;(13Z)-13-Octadecen-1-ol acetate;(6Z)-6-Heneicosen-11-one;(9Z)-9-Tricosene; 3-Methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one;1-octen-3-ol;(3R)-1-octen-3-ol;8-dodecen-1-ol acetate and (8Z)-dodecen-1-ol mixture;(8Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate, (8E)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate, and (8Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol mixture;5-decen-1-ol acetate;(5E)-5-decen-1-ol acetate and (5E)-5-decen-1-ol mixture of (11E)-11-tetradecen-1-ol acetate and (9E,11E)-9,11-tetradecadien-1-ol acetate; mixture of compounds with CAS numbers [30820-22-5], [26532-23-0], [26532-24-1], and [26532-25-2]; mixture of (Z)-9-hexadecenal, (Z)-11-hexadecenal, and (Z)-13-octadecenal; L-carvone; citral; (E,Z)-7,9- DODECADIEN-1-YL ACETATE;ETHYL FORMATE;(E,Z)-2,4-ETHYL DECADIENOATE (PAIR ESTER);(Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-HEXADECATRIENAL;HEPTYL BUTYRATE;ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE;LAVANULYL SENECIOATE;CIS-JASMONE;2-METHYL 1-BUTANOL;METHYL EUGENOL;METHYL JASMONATE;(E,Z)-2,13-OCTADECADIEN-1-OL;(E,Z)-2,13-OCTADECADIEN-1-OL acetate; (E,Z)-3,13-octadecadien-1-ol; (R)-1-octen-3-ol; pentatermanon; (E,Z,Z)-3,8,11-tetradecatrienyl acetate; (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate; (Z)-7-tetradecen-2-one; (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-yl acetate; (Z)-11-tetradecenal; (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol; extract of Chenopodium ambrosiodes; neem oil; Quillaja extract, or a mixture thereof.

[0044] When mixtures of different isomers or different pheromones are used, they are typically used in a mass ratio of 1:100 to 100:1, preferably 1:10 to 10:1.

[0045] In the case of ternary or higher mixtures, such ratios shall apply for each combination of mixing partners.

[0046] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is L-carvone, citral, (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadien-1-yl acetate, ethyl formate, (E,Z)-2,4-ethyldecadienoate (pair ester), (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal; heptyl butyrate, isopropyl myristate, rabanulyl senecioate, cis-jasmone, 2-methyl 1-butanol, methyl eugenol, methyl jasmonate, (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol, (E,Z) 1,2,3-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate, (E,Z,Z)-3,13-octadecadien-1-ol, (R)-1-octen-3-ol, pentatemanone, (E,Z,Z)-3,8,11-tetradecatrienyl acetate, (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate, (Z)-7-tetradecen-2-one, (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-yl acetate, (Z)-11-tetradecenal, (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol, extract of Chenopodium ambrosiodes, neem oil, Quillaja extract, or a mixture thereof.

[0047] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is L-carvone, citral, (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadien-1-yl acetate, ethyl formate, (E,Z)-2,4-ethyldecadienoate (pair ester), (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal, heptyl butyrate, isopropyl myristate, rabanulyl senecioate, cis-jasmone, 2-methyl 1-butanol, methyl eugenol, methyl jasmonate, (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol, (E, The aryl group is selected from (Z)-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol acetate, (E,Z)-3,13-octadecadien-1-ol, (R)-1-octen-3-ol, pentatemanone, (E,Z,Z)-3,8,11-tetradecatrienyl acetate, (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate, (Z)-7-tetradecen-2-one, (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-yl acetate, (Z)-11-tetradecenal, (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol, or a mixture thereof.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the active ingredient is (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadienyl acetate; 11-dodecenyl acetate; (E)-7-dodecenyl acetate; (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate; (E)-9-tetradecenyl acetate; (E)-11-hexadecenyl acetate; (Z,Z)-7,11-hexadecadienyl acetate; (E,Z)-4,7-Tridecadienyl acetate;(E,Z,Z)-4,7,10-Tridecadienyl acetate;(Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-Hexadecatrienal;(Z,Z)-7,11-Hexadecadienal;(Z)-11-Hexadecenal;(Z)-11-Hexadecen-1-ol;(Z)-11-Hexadecenyl acetate;(Z)-7-Tetradecenal;(Z,E)-7,11-Hexadecadienyl acetate;(Z,E)-7,11-Hexadecadienal;(Z,E)-9,12-Tetradecadien-1-ol;(Z)-9-Tetradecen-1-ol; (Z,E)-9,12-Tetradecadienyl acetate; (E)-9-Tetradecenyl acetate; (Z)-7-Dodecenyl acetate;(E)-9-Tetradecenyl acetate;(Z,E)-9,11-Tetradecadienyl acetate;(E,Z)-10,12-Hexadecadienal;(E,E)-10,12-Hexadecadienal;(E)-7-Dodecenyl acetate;(E)-8-Dodecenyl acetate;(Z)-8-Dodecenyl acetate;(Z)-7-Dodecenyl acetate;(E,Z,Z)-3,8,11-Tetradecadienyl acetate;(E,Z)-3,8-Tetradecadienyl acetate;(E,Z)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatriene-1- ol;(Z)-3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol;(E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol;3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol;2-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)-(2E)-ethanol;Cyclobutaneethanol, 1-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)-, cis-;Ethanol, 2-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)-, (2Z)-;cis-2-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclobutaneethanol;10-Methyltridecan-2-one;8-Methyldecan-2-ylpropionate; Butyl butyrate;(E)-2-butenyl butyrate;(Z,E)-4,4-(1,5-dimethyl-4-heptenylidene)-1-methylcyclohexene;Ethyl 2-propenoate;4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde;(E)-2-decenal;1-Methyl-4-(1,5-dimethyl-(Z)-1,4-hexadienyl)-cyclohexene;(1S,2R,4S)-4-(1,5-dimethyl-(Z)-1,4-hexa (1R,2S,4S)-4-(1,5-dimethyl-(Z)-1,4-hexadienyl)-1,2-epoxy-1-methylcyclohexane;Hexyl hexanoate;(E)-2-Hexenyl hexanoate;Octyl butyrate;3-Methyl-6-isopropenyl-9-decenyl acetate;(Z)-3-Methyl-6-isopropenyl-3,9-decadienyl acetate; (E)-7,11-Dimethyl-3-methylene-1,6,10-dodecatriene;(1S,2R,3S)-2-(1-formylvinyl)-5-methylcyclopentanecarbaldehyde;(1R,4aS,7S,7aR)-Hexahydro-4,7-dimethylcyclopenta[c]pyran-1-ol;(4aS,7S,7aR)-Tetrahydro-4,7-dimethylcyclopenta[c]pyran; 2-Phenylacetonitrile;(S)-5-Methyl-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-hex-4-enyl 3-methyl-2-butenoate;(S)-5-Methyl-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-hex-4-enyl 3-methylbutanoate;(S)-5-Methyl-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-hex-4-en-1-ol;(Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,7-octadienylpropionate;(E)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,7-octadienylpropionate; 3-methylene-7-methyl-7-octenyl propionate, or mixtures thereof.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the active ingredient is (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadienyl acetate; 11-dodecenyl acetate; (E)-7-dodecenyl acetate; (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate; (E)-9-tetradecenyl acetate; (E)-11-hexadecenyl acetate; (Z,Z)-7,11-hexadecadienyl acetate; (E,Z)-4,7-tridecadienyl acetate. Acetate;(E,Z,Z)-4,7,10-Tridecatrienyl acetate;(Z,Z,E)-7,11,13;Hexadecatrienal;(Z,Z)-7,11-Hexadecadienal;(Z)-11-Hexadecenal;(Z)-11-Hexadecen-1-ol;(Z)-11-Hexadecenyl acetate;(Z)-7-Tetradecenal;(Z,E)-7,11-Hexadecadienyl acetate ;(Z,E)-7,11-Hexadecadienal;(Z,E)-9,12-Tetradecadien-1-ol;(Z)-9-Tetradecen-1-ol;(Z,E)-9,12;Tetradecadienyl acetate;(E)-9-Tetradecenyl acetate;(Z)-7-Dodecenyl acetate;(E)-9-Tetradecenyl acetate;(Z,E)-9,11-Tetradecadienyl acetate;(E,Z)- The aryl group is selected from 10,12-hexadecadienal; (E,E)-10,12-hexadecadienal; (E)-7-dodecenyl acetate; (E)-8-dodecenyl acetate; (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate; (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate; (E,Z,Z)-3,8,11-tetradecatrienyl acetate; (E,Z)-3,8-tetradecadienyl acetate, or a mixture thereof.

[0050] Preferred insect repellents as active ingredients include ethyl butyl acetyl aminopropionate, diethyl toluamide, picaridin, and 2-undecanone.

[0051] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a pesticide such as an insecticide, fungicide, nematicide, rodenticide, molluscicide, growth regulator, herbicide, or biocide.

[0052] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a pesticide, such as an insecticide, fungicide, nematicide, rodenticide, molluscicide, growth regulator, or herbicide.

[0053] Preferred pesticides include insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides.

[0054] The term pesticide (or pesticide active ingredient) refers to at least one active ingredient selected from the group of fungicides, insecticides, nematicides, herbicides, rodenticides, antidotes, and / or growth regulators. Preferred pesticides include fungicides, insecticides, rodenticides, and herbicides. Mixtures of two or more pesticides of the aforementioned classes can also be used. Those skilled in the art are familiar with such pesticides and can be found, for example, in Pesticide Manual, 14th ed. (2006), The British Crop Protection Council, London.

[0055] Pesticides: The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines a pesticide as "any substance or mixture of substances intended to prevent, destroy, repel, or mitigate any harmful organism." Those skilled in the art are familiar with such pesticides and can be found, for example, in Pesticide Manual, 16th Ed. (2013), The British Crop Protection Council, London. Pesticides can be chemicals or biological agents (such as viruses or bacteria) used against pests that compete with humans for food, destroy property, spread disease, or cause a nuisance, such as insects, plant pathogens, weeds, mollusks, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (roundworms), and microorganisms. In the following examples, pesticides suitable for the pesticide composition according to the present invention are shown.

[0056] Fungicides: Fungicides are compounds used to prevent fungal infestations in gardens and crops. They are also used to combat infections caused by fungi. Fungicides can be either contact or systemic. Contact fungicides kill fungi when sprayed onto a surface. Systemic fungicides need to be absorbed by the fungus before it is killed. Examples of suitable fungicides according to the present invention include the following compounds from classes A) to L): A) Respiratory inhibitors -Q oInhibitors of complex III at the site: azoxystrobin (A.1.1), coumetoxystrobin (A.1.2), coumoxystrobin (A.1.3), dimoxystrobin (A.1.4), enestrobulin (A.1.5), phenaminestrobin (A.1.6), phenoxystrobin / flufenoxystrobin (A.1.7), fluoxastrobin (A.1.8), kresoxime-methyl (A.1.9), mandestrobin (A.1.10), metominostrobin (A.1.11). strobin (A.1.11), orysastrobin (A.1.12), picoxystrobin (A.1.13), pyraclostrobin (A.1.14), pyrametostrobin (A.1.15), pyraoxystrobin (A.1.16), trifloxystrobin (A.1.17), 2-(2-(3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-1-methyl-allylideneaminooxymethyl)-phenyl)-2-methoxyimino-N-methyl-acetamide (A.1.18), pyribencarb (A. 1.19), triclopyricarb / chlorozinecarb (A.1.20), famoxadone (A.1.21), fenamidone (A.1.21), methyl-N-[2-[(1,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-pyrazol-3-yl)oxylmethyl]phenyl]-N-methoxy-carbamate (A.1.22), methyltetraprole (A.1.25), (Z,2E)-5-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]-oxy-2-methoxyimino-N,3 -Dimethyl-pent-3-enamide (A.1.34), (Z,2E)-5-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]oxy-2-methoxyimino-N,3-dimethyl-pent-3-enamide (A.1.35), pyriminostrobin (A.1.36), bifujunzhi (A.1.37), 2-(ortho-((2,5-dimethylphenyl-oxymethylene)phenyl)-3-methoxy-acrylic acid methyl ester (A.1.38); -Q iInhibitors of complex III at the site: cyazofamid (A.2.1), amisulbrom (A.2.2), [(6S,7R,8R)-8-benzyl-3-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]-6-methyl-4,9-dioxo-1,5-dioxonan-7-yl]2-methylpropanoate (A.2.3), fenpicoxamide (A.2.4), florylpicoxamide (A.2.5), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.6), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.7), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.8), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.9), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.10), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.11), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.12), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.13), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.14), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.15), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.16), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.17), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.18), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.19), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.20), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.21), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.22), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.23), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.24), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.25), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.26), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.27), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.28), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.29), cyclohexyl phthalate (A.2.3 5), [(1S,2S)-2-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-butyl](2S)-2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-butyl](2S)-2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-butyl](2S)-2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(2-fluoro-4-methyl-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-butyl] (2S)-2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-butyl](2S)-2-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-butyl](2S)-2-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-butyl](2S)-2-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate , [(1S,2S)2-(2-fluoro-4-methyl-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-butyl](2S)-2-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [2-[[(1S)-2-[(1S,2S)-2-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-butoxy]-1-methyl-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamoyl]-4-methoxy-3-pyridyl]oxymethyl 2-methylpropanoate, [2-[[(1S)-2-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-butoxy]-1-methyl-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamoyl]-4-methoxy-3-pyridyl]oxymethyl 2-methylpropanoate, [2-[[(1S)-2-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-butoxy]-1-methyl-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamoyl]-4-methoxy-3-pyridyl]oxymethyl 2-methylpropanoate, [2-[[(1S)-2-[(1S,2S)-2-(2-fluoro-4-methyl-phenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-butoxy]-1-methyl-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamoyl]-4-methoxy-3-pyridyl]oxymethyl 2-methylpropanoate, [(1S,2S)-1-methyl-2-(o-tolyl)propyl](2S)-2-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [(1S,2S)-1-methyl-2-( o-tolyl)propyl](2S)-2-[(4-methoxy-3-propanoyloxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [(1S,2S)-1-methyl-2-(o-tolyl)propyl](2S)-2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [4-methoxy-2-[[(1S)-1-methyl-2-[(1S,2S)-1-methyl-2-(o-tolyl)propoxy]-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamoyl]-3-pyridyl]2-methylpropanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1-methyl-propyl](2S)-2-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [2-[[(1S)-2-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1-methyl-propoxy]-1-methyl-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamoyl]-4-methoxy-3-pyridyl]2-methylpropanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1-methyl-propyl](2S)-2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1-methyl-propyl](2S)-2-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [2-[[(1S)-2-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1-methyl-propoxy]-1-methyl-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamoyl]-4-methoxy-3-pyridyl]2-methylpropanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1-methyl-propyl](2S)-2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-[4-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-methyl-propyl] (2S)-2-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [2-[[(1S)-2-[(1S,2S)-2-[4-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-methyl-propoxy]-1-methyl-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamoyl]-4-methoxy-3-pyridyl]2-methylpropanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-[4-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-methyl-propyl](2S)-2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-1-methyl- propyl](2S)-2-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [2-[[(1S)-2-[(1S,2S)-2-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-1-methyl-propoxy]-1-methyl-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamoyl]-4-methoxy-3-pyridyl]2-methylpropanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-phenyl)-1-methyl-propyl](2S)-2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate ate, [(1S,2S)-1-methyl-2-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propyl](2S)-2-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [4-methoxy-2-[[(1S)-1-methyl-2-[(1S,2S)-1-methyl-2-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propoxy]-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamoyl]-3-pyridyl]2-methylpropanoate, [(1S,2S)-1-methyl-2-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propyl](2S)-2-[( 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(4-fluoro-2,6-dimethyl-phenyl)-1-methyl-propyl](2S)-2-[(3-acetoxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate, [2-[[(1S)-2-[(1S,2S)-2-(4-fluoro-2,6-dimethyl-phenyl)-1-methyl-propoxy]-1-methyl-2-oxo-ethyl]carbamoyl]-4-methoxy-3-pyridyl]2-methylpropanoate, [(1S,2S)-2-(4-fluoro-2,6-dimethyl-phenyl)-1-methyl-propyl](2S)-2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-pyridine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoate;, -Inhibitors of complex II: benodanil (A.3.1), benzovindiflupyr (A.3.2), bixafen (A.3.3), boscalid (A.3.4), carboxin (A.3.5), fenfuram (A.3.6), fluopyram (A.3.7), flutolanil (A.3.8), fluxapyroxad (A.3.9), furametpyr (A.3.10), isofetamide (A.3.11), isopyrazam (A.3.12), mepronil (A.3.13), oxycarboxin (A.3.14), penflufen (A.3.15), pen Anthiopyrad (A.3.16), pydiflumetofen (A.3.17), pyraziflumide (A.3.18), sedaxane (A.3.19), tecloftalam (A.3.20), thifluzamide (A.3.21), impirfluxam (A.3.22), pyrapropoin (A.3.23), fluindapyr (A.3.28), N-[2-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]phenyl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (A.3.29), methyl(E )-2-[2-[(5-cyano-2-methyl-phenoxy)methyl]phenyl]-3-methoxy-prop-2-enoate (A.3.30), isoflucipram (A.3.31), 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-indan-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.32), 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3R)-1,1,3-trimethylindan-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.33), 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-(3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3R)-3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.34), 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3R)-3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.35), 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-(1,1-dimethyl-3-propyl-indan-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.36), 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3R)-1,1-dimethyl-3-propyl-indan-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.37), 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-(3-isobutyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.38), 2-(difluoromethyl)-N-[(3R)-3-isobutyl-1,1-dimethyl-indan-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide (A.3.39);. - other respiratory inhibitors: diflumetrim (A.4.1); nitrophenyl derivatives: binapacryl (A.4.2), dinobuton (A.4.3), dinocap (A.4.4), fluazinam (A.4.5), meptyldinocap (A.4.6), ferimzone (A.4.7); organometallic compounds: fentin salts, for example fentin acetate (A.4.8), fentin chloride (A.4.9) or fentin hydroxide (A.4.10); amethoctrazine (A.4.11); silthiofam (A.4.12); B) Sterol biosynthesis inhibitors (SBI fungicides) -C14 demethylase inhibitors: Triazoles: Azaconazole (B.1.1), Bitertanol (B.1.2), Bromuconazole (B.1.3), Cyproconazole (B.1.4), Difenoconazole (B.1.5), Diniconazole (B.1.6), Diniconazole-M (B.1.7), Epoxiconazole (B.1.8), Fenbuconazole (B.1.9), Fluquinconazole (B.1.10), Flusilazole (B.1.11), Flutriafol (B. 1.12), hexaconazole (B.1.13), imibenconazole (B.1.14), ipconazole (B.1.15), metconazole (B.1.17), myclobutanil (B.1.18), oxpoconazole (B.1.19), paclobutrazol (B.1.20), penconazole (B.1.21), propiconazole (B.1.22), prothioconazole (B.1.23), simeconazole (B.1.24), tebuconazole (B.1.25), tetraconazole (B.1.26), nazole (B.1.26), triadimefon (B.1.27), triadimenol (B.1.28), triticonazole (B.1.29), uniconazole (B.1.30), 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-1-[5-[4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phenyl]-2-pyridyl]propan-2-ol (B.1.31), 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-3-(tetrazol-1-yl)- Tetrazol-1-yl)-1-[5-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-pyridyl]propan-2-ol (B.1.32), 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(5-sulfanyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzonitrile (B.1.33), ipfentrifluconazole (B.1.37), mefentrifluconazole (B.1.38), and benzonitrile (B.1.39).38), (2R)-2-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol, (2S)-2-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol, 2-(chloromethyl)-2-methyl-5- (p-Tolylmethyl)-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)cyclopentanol (B.1.43); Imidazoles: Imazalil (B.1.44), Pefurazoate (B.1.45), Prochloraz (B.1.46), Triflumizole (B.1.47); Pyrimidines, pyridines, piperazines: Fenarimol (B.1.49), Pyriphenox (B.1.50), Trifoxicam (B.1.51), Trifoxicam (B.1.52), Trifoxicam (B.1.53), Trifoxicam (B.1.54), Trifoxicam (B.1.55), Trifoxicam (B.1.56), Trifoxicam (B.1.57), Trifoxicam (B.1.58), Trifoxicam (B.1.59), Trifoxicam (B.1.60), Trifoxicam (B.1.61), Trifoxicam (B.1.62), Trifoxicam (B.1.63), Trifoxicam (B.1.64), Trifoxicam (B.1.65), Trifoxicam (B.1.66), Trifoxicam (B.1.67), Trifoxicam (B.1.68), Trifoxicam (B.1.69), Trifoxicam (B.1.70), Trifoxicam (B.1.71), Trifoxicam (B.1.72), Trifoxicam (B.1.73), Trifoxicam (B.1.74), Trifoxicam (B.1.75), Trifoxicam (B.1.76), Trifoxicam (B.1.77), Trifoxicam (B.1.78), Trifoxicam (B.1.79), Trifoxicam (B.1.80), Trifoxicam (B.1.81), Trifoxicam (B Phosphorus (B.1.51), [3-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-phenyl)-5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)isoxazol-4-yl]-(3-pyridyl)methanol (B.1.52), 4-[[6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,1-difluoro-2-hydroxy-3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propyl]-3-pyridyl]oxy]benzoni tolyl (B.1.53), 2-[6-(4-bromophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol (B.1.54), 2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridyl]-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol (B.1.55);. -Delta 14-reductase inhibitors: aldimorph (B.2.1), dodemorph (B.2.2), dodemorph-acetate (B.2.3), fenpropimorph (B.2.4), tridemorph (B.2.5), fenpropidin (B.2.6), piperalin (B.2.7), spiroxamine (B.2.8); -3-ketoreductase inhibitors: fenhexamid (B.3.1); -Other sterol biosynthesis inhibitors: chlorfenomizole (B.4.1); C) Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors - phenylamide or acylamino acid fungicides: benalaxyl (C.1.1), benalaxyl-M (C.1.2), chiralaxyl (C.1.3), metalaxyl (C.1.4), metalaxyl-M (C.1.5), ofrace (C.1.6), oxadixyl (C.1.7); - other nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors: hymexazol (C.2.1), octhilinone (C.2.2), oxolinic acid (C.2.3), bupirimate (C.2.4), 5-fluorocytosine (C.2.5), 5-fluoro-2-(p-tolylmethoxy)pyrimidin-4-amine (C.2.6), 5-fluoro-2-(4-fluorophenylmethoxy)pyrimidin-4-amine (C.2.7), 5-fluoro-2(4-chlorophenylmethoxy)pyrimidin-4-amine (C.2.8); D) Inhibitors of cell division and the cytoskeleton -Tubulin inhibitors: benomyl (D.1.1), carbendazim (D.1.2), fuberidazole (D1.3), thiabendazole (D.1.4), thiophanate-methyl (D.1.5), pyridaclomethyl (D.1.6), N-ethyl-2-[(3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl)oxy]butanamide (D.1.8), N-ethyl-2-[(3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl)oxy]-2-methylsulfanyl-acetamide (D.1.9), 2-[(3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl)oxy]-N-(2-fluoroethyl)butanamide (D.1.10), 2-[(3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl)oxy]-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-2-methoxy-acetamide (D.1.11), 2-[(3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl)oxy]-N-propyl-butanamide (D.1.12), 2-[(3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl)oxy]-2-methoxy-N-propyl-acetamide (D.1.13), 2-[(3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl)oxy]-2-methylsulfanyl-N-propyl-acetamide (D.1.14), 2-[(3-ethynyl-8-methyl-6-quinolyl)oxy]-N-(2-fluoroethyl)-2-methylsulfanyl-acetamide (D.1.15), 4-(2-bromo-4-fluoro-phenyl)-N-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-3-amine (D.1.16); -Other cytostatics: diethofencarb (D.2.1), ethaboxam (D.2.2), pencycuron (D.2.3), fluopicolide (D.2.4), zoxamide (D.2.5), metrafenone (D.2.6), pyriophenone (D.2.7), fenamacril (D.2.8); E) Amino acid and protein synthesis inhibitors -Methionine synthesis inhibitors: cyprodinil (E.1.1), mepanipyrim (E.1.2), pyrimethanil (E.1.3); - Protein synthesis inhibitors: blasticidin-S (E.2.1), kasugamycin (E.2.2), kasugamycin hydrochloride-hydrate (E.2.3), mildiomycin (E.2.4), streptomycin (E.2.5), oxytetracycline (E.2.6); F) Signal transduction inhibitors -MAP / histidine kinase inhibitors: fluoroimide (F.1.1), iprodione (F.1.2), procymidone (F.1.3), vinclozolin (F.1.4), fludioxonil (F.1.5); -G protein inhibitors: quinoxyfen (F.2.1); G) Lipid and membrane synthesis inhibitors -Phospholipid biosynthesis inhibitors: edifenphos (G.1.1), iprobenfos (G.1.2), pyrazophos (G.1.3), isoprothiolane (G.1.4); -Lipid peroxidation: dicloran (G.2.1), quintozene (G.2.2), tecnazene (G.2.3), tolclofos-methyl (G.2.4), biphenyl (G.2.5), chloroneb (G.2.6), etridiazole (G.2.7), zinc thiazole (G.2.8); -phospholipid biosynthesis and cell wall deposition: dimethomorph (G.3.1), flumorph (G.3.2), mandipropamid (G.3.3), pyrimorph (G.3.4), benthiavalicarb (G.3.5), iprovalicarb (G.3.6), valifenalate (G.3.7); -Compounds affecting cell membrane permeability and fatty acids: propamocarb (G.4.1); - Inhibitors of oxysterol binding proteins: oxathiapiproline (G.5.1), fluoxapiproline (G.5.3), 4-[1-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl]-4-piperidyl]-N-tetralin-1-yl-pyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.4), 4-[1-[2-[3,5-bis(difluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl]-4-piperidyl]- N-tetralin-1-yl-pyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.5), 4-[1-[2-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl]-4-piperidyl]-N-tetralin-1-yl-pyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.6), 4-[1-[2-[5-cyclopropyl-3-(difluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl]-4-piperidyl]-N-tetralin-1 -yl-pyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.7), 4-[1-[2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl]-4-piperidyl]-N-tetralin-1-yl-pyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.8), 4-[1-[2-[5-(difluoromethyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl]-4-piperidyl]-N-tetralin-1-yl-pyridine-2- carboxamide (G.5.9), 4-[1-[2-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl]-4-piperidyl]-N-tetralin-1-yl-pyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.10), (4-[1-[2-[5-cyclopropyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl]-4-piperidyl]-N-tetralin-1-yl-pyridine-2-carboxamide (G.5.11); H) Multi-site inhibitors - inorganic active ingredients: Bordeaux mixture (H.1.1), copper (H.1.2), copper acetate (H.1.3), copper hydroxide (H.1.4), copper oxychloride (H.1.5), basic copper sulfate (H.1.6), sulfur (H.1.7); -Thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates: ferbam (H.2.1), mancozeb (H.2.2), maneb (H.2.3), metam (H.2.4), metiram (H.2.5), propineb (H.2.6), thiram (H.2.7), zineb (H.2.8), ziram (H.2.9); -Organochlorine compounds: anilazine (H.3.1), chlorothalonil (H.3.2), captafol (H.3.3), captan (H.3.4), folpet (H.3.5), dichlofluanid (H.3.6), dichlorophen (H.3.7), hexachlorobenzene (H.3.8), pentachlorophenol (H.3.9) and its salts, phthalide (H.3.10), tolylfluanid (H.3.11); - Guanidines and others: Guanidine (H.4.1), Dodine (H.4.2), Dodine free base (H.4.3), Guazatine (H.4.4), Guazatine-acetate (H.4.5), Iminoctadine (H.4.6), Iminoctadine-triacetate (H.4.7), Iminoctadine-tris(arbesilate) (H.4.8), Dithianone (H.4.9), 2,6-Dimethyl-1H,5H-[1,4]dithiino[2,3-c:5,6-c']dipyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetraone (H.4.10). I) Cell wall synthesis inhibitors -Glucan synthesis inhibitors: validamycin (I.1.1), polyoxin B (I.1.2); -Melanin synthesis inhibitors: pyroquilon (I.2.1), tricyclazole (I.2.2), carpropamid (I.2.3), dicyclomet (I.2.4), fenoxanil (I.2.5); J) Plant defense inducers -Acibenzolar-S-methyl (J.1.1), probenazole (J.1.2), isotianil (J.1.3), thiadinil (J.1.4), prohexadione-calcium (J.1.5);Phosphonates: fosetyl (J.1.6), fosetyl-aluminium (J.1.7), 4-cyclopropyl-N-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)thiadiazole-5-carboxamide (J.1.10); K) Mechanism of action unknown - Bronopol (K.1.1), cinomethionate (K.1.2), cyflufenamid (K.1.3), cymoxanil (K.1.4), dazomet (K.1.5), debacarb (K.1.6), diclocymet (K.1.7), diclomedine (K.1.8), difenzoquat (K.1.9), difenzoquat-methylsulfate (K.1.10), diphenylamine (K.1.11), fenitropan (K.1.12), fenpyrazamine (K.1.13), flumetober (K.1.14), flusulfamide (K.1.15), .1.15), flutianil (K.1.16), harpin (K.1.17), methasulfocarb (K.1.18), nitrapyrin (K.1.19), nitrothal-isopropyl (K.1.20), tolprocarb (K.1.21), oxine-copper (K.1.22), proquinazid (K.1.23), tebufloquine (K.1.24), tecloftalam (K.1.25), triazoxide (K.1.26), N'-(4-(4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenoxy)-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-N-ethyl-N'-phenyl- -Methylformamidine (K.1.27), N'-(4-(4-fluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenoxy)-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylformamidine (K.1.28), N'-[4-[[3-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl]oxy]-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (K.1.29), N'-(5-bromo-6-indan-2-yloxy-2-methyl-3-pyridyl)-N-ethyl-N -methyl-formamidine (K.1.30), N'-[5-bromo-6-[1-(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethoxy]-2-methyl-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (K.1.31), N'-[5-bromo-6-(4-isopropylcyclohexoxy)-2-methyl-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (K.1.32), N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(1-phenylethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (K.1.33), N'-(2-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-4-(3-trimethylsilanyl-propoxy)-phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylformamidine (K.1.34), N'-(5-difluoromethyl-2-methyl-4-(3-trimethylsilanyl-propoxy)-phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylformamidine (K.1.35), 2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-N-[4-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-isoxazol-5-yl]-2-prop-2-ynyloxy-acetamide (K.1.36), 3-[5 -(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2,3-dimethyl-isoxazolidin-3-yl]-pyridine (pyrisoxazole) (K.1.37), 3-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dimethyl-isoxazolidin-3-yl]-pyridine (K.1.38), 5-chloro-1-(4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazole (K.1.39), ethyl (Z)-3-amino-2-cyano-3-phenyl-prop-2-enoate (K.1.40), Picarburazox (K.1.41), Pentyl N- [6-[[(Z)-[(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl-methylene]amino]oxymethyl]-2-pyridyl]carbamate (K.1.42), but-3-ynyl N-[6-[[(Z)-[(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl-methylene]amino]oxymethyl]-2-pyridyl]carbamate (K.1.43), ipflufenoquine (K.1.44), quinofumelin (K.1.47), benziothiazolinone (K.1.48), bromothalonil (K.1.49), 2-(6-benzyl-2-pyridyl)quina quinazoline (K.1.50), 2-[6-(3-fluoro-4-methoxy-phenyl)-5-methyl-2-pyridyl]quinazoline (K.1.51), diclobenchiazox (K.1.52), N'-(2,5-dimethyl-4-phenoxy-phenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (K.1.53), aminopyrifen (K.1.54), fluopimomide (K.1.55), N'-[5-bromo-2-methyl-6-(1-methyl-2-propoxy-ethoxy)-3-pyridyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (K.1.56), N'-[4-(4,5-dichlorothiazol-2-yl)oxy-2,5-dimethyl-phenyl]-N-ethyl-N-methyl-formamidine (K.1.57), N-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzamide (K.1.58), N-methyl-4-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]benzenecarbothioamide (K.1.59);. L) Biopesticide L4) Biochemical pesticides having insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscicidal, pheromone, and / or nematocidal activity: L-carvone, citral, (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadien-1-yl acetate, ethyl formate, (E,Z)-2,4-ethyldecadienoate (pair ester), (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal, heptyl butyrate, isopropyl myristate, rabanulyl senecioate, cis-jasmone, 2-methyl-1-butanol, methyl eugenol, methyl jasmonate, (E,Z)-2,13-o Cutadecadien-1-ol, (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol acetate, (E,Z)-3,13-octadecadien-1-ol, (R)-1-octen-3-ol, pentatemanone, (E,Z,Z)-3,8,11-tetradecatrienyl acetate, (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate, (Z)-7-tetradecen-2-one, (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-yl acetate, (Z)-11-tetradecenal, (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol, extract of Chenopodium ambrosiodes; neem oil, Quillaja extract;

[0057] Preferred fungicides include: (3-ethoxypropyl)mercuric bromide, 2-methoxyethylmercuric chloride, 2-phenylphenol, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, 8-phenylmercurioxyquinoline, acibenzolar, acyl amino acid fungicides, acypetacs, aldimorph, aliphatic nitrogen fungicides, allyl alcohol, amide fungicides, ampropylphos, anilazine, anilide fungicides, antibiotic fungicides, aromatic fungicides, aureofungin, azaconazole, adithiram, azoxystrobin, barium polysulfide, benalaxyl benalaxyl-M, benodanil, benomyl, benquinox, bentauron, benthiavalicarb, benzalkonium chloride, ben Benzacryl, benzamide fungicides, benzamorph, benzanilide fungicides, benzimidazole fungicides, benzimidazole precursor fungicides, benzimidazolyl carbamate fungicides, benzohydroxamic acid, benzothiazole fungicides, bethoxazin, binapacryl, biphenyl, bitertanol, bithionol, blasticidin-S, Bordeaux mixture, boscalid, bridged diphenyl fungicides, bromuconazole, bupirimate, Burgundy mixture, buthiobate, butylamine, calcium polysulfide, captafol, captan, carbamate fungicides, carbamorph, carbanilate fungicides, carbendazim, carboxin, carpropamid, carvone, Cheshunt mixture mixture), quinomethionate, clobenthiazone, chloraniformethane, chloranil, chlorphenazole, chlorodinitronaphthalene, chloroneb, chloropicrin, chlorothalonil, chlorquinox, clozolinate, ciclopirox, climbazole, clotrimazole, conazole fungicide, conazole fungicide (imidazole), conazole fungicide (triazole), copper (II) acetate, copper (II) carbonate, basic, copper fungicide, copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oleate, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulfate, copper sulfate, basic, copper zinc chromate, cresol, khufuraneb, khprobam, cuprous oxide, cyazofamid, cyclafuramid, cyclic dithiocarbamate fungicide, cycloheximide, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, cypendazole,Cyproconazole, cyprodinil, dazomet, DBCP, debacarb, decaphentin, dehydroacetic acid, dicarboximide fungicides, dichlofluanid, dicloron, dichlorophen, dichlorophenyl, dicarboximide fungicides, diclozolin, diclobutrazol, diclocymet, diclomedine, dicloran, diethofencarb, diethylpyrocarbonate, difenoconazole, diflumetrim, dimethirimol, dimethomorph, dimoxystrobin, diniconazole, dinitrophenol fungicides, dinobuton, dinocap, dinoktone , dinopentone, dinosulfone, dinotervone, diphenylamine, dipyrithione, disulfiram, ditalinphos, dithianon, dithiocarbamate fungicides, DNOC, dodemorph, dodicin, dodine, donatodine, drazoxolone, edifenphos, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, ethem, ethaboxam, ethirimol, ethoxyquin, ethylmercury 2,3-dihydroxypropyl mercaptide, ethylmercury acetate, ethylmercury bromide, ethylmercury chloride, ethylmercury phosphate, etridiazole, famo Xadon, Fenamidone, Fenaminosulf, Fenapanil, Fenarimol, Fenbuconazole, Fenfuram, Fenhexamid, Fenitropan, Fenoxanil, Fenpiclonil, Fenpropidin, Fenpropimorph, Fentin, Ferbam, Ferimzone, Fluazinam, Fludioxonil, Flumetober, Flumorph, Fluopicolide, Fluorimide, Fluotrimazole, Fluoxastrobin, Fluquinconazole, Flusilazole, Flusulfamide, Flutolanil, Flutriafol, Folpet, Formaldehyde, Josefin Til, Fuberidazole, Furalaxyl, Furamethpyr, Furamide fungicide, Furanilide fungicide, Flucarbanil, Fluconazole, Fluconazole-cis, Furfural, Flumecyclox, Furofanate, Gliodin, Griseofulvin, Guazatine, Halacrynate, Hexachlorobenzene, Hexachlorobutadiene, Hexachlorophene, Hexaconazole, Hexylthiophos, Hydralgafen, Hymexazole, Imazalil, Imibenconazole, Imidazole fungicide, Iminoctadine, Inorganic fungicide, Inorganic mercury fungicide, Iodomethane,Ipconazole, iprobenfos, iprodione, iprovalicarb, isoprothiolane, isovalerion, kasugamycin, kresoxim-methyl, lime sulfur, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, mebenil, mecarbinzide, mepanipyrim, mepronil, mercuric chloride, mercuric oxide, mercurous chloride, mercuric fungicides, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, metam, metazoxolone, metconazole, metasulfocarb, methfuroxam, methyl bromide, methyl isothiocyanate, methylmercuric benzoate, methylmercury Dicyandiamide, methylmercury pentachlorophenoxide, metiram, metominostrobin, metrafenone, metsulfovax, milneb, morpholine fungicides, myclobutanil, myclozolin, N-(ethylmercury)-p-toluenesulfonanilide, nabam, natamycin, nitrostyrene, nitrothal-isopropyl, nuarimol, OCH, octhilinone, ofurace, organomercurial fungicides, organophosphorus fungicides, organotin fungicides, oryzastrobin, oxadixyl, oxathiin fungicides, oxazole Fungicides, oxine copper, oxpoconazole, oxycarboxine, pefurazoate, penconazole, pencycuron, pentachlorophenol, penthiopyrad, phenylmercuryurea, phenylmercuric acetate, phenylmercuric chloride, phenylmercuric derivatives of pyrocatechol, phenylmercuric nitrate, phenylmercuric salicylate, phenylsulfamide fungicides, phosdifen, phthalide, phthalimide fungicides, picoxystrobin, piperalin, polycarbamate, polymeric dithiocarbamate fungicides, polyoxins, polyoxolis , polysulfide fungicides, potassium azide, potassium polysulfide, potassium thiocyanate, probenazole, prochloraz, procymidone, propamocarb, propiconazole, propineb, proquinazide, prothiocarb, prothioconazole, pyracarbollide, pyraclostrobin, pyrazole fungicides, pyrazophos, pyridine fungicides, pyridinitrile, pyrifenox, pyrimethanil, pyrimidine fungicides, pyroquilon, pyroxchlor, pyroxyflur, pyrrole fungicides, quinacetol, quinazamide, quinconazole, quinoline fungicides,Quinone fungicides, quinoxaline fungicides, quinoxyfen, quintozene, rabenzazole, salicylanilide, silthiofam, simeconazole, spiroxamine, streptomycin, strobilurin fungicides, sulfonanilide fungicides, sulfur, sultropene, TCMTB, tebuconazole, tecloftalam, tecnazene, tecoram, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, thiadifluor, thiazole fungicides, thithiofen, thifluzamide, thiocarbamate fungicides, thiochlorfenfim, thiomersal, thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl, thiophene fungicides, thioquinox, thiram, thiadinil, thioximide, thivedo, tolu Clofos-methyl, tolnaftate, tolylfluanid, tolylmercuric acetate, triadimefon, triadimenol, triamiphos, triarimol, triazbutyl, triazine fungicides, triazole fungicides, triazoxide, tributyltin oxide, triclamide, tricyclazole, tridemorph, trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, triforine, mefentrifluconazole, methyltetraprole, triticonazole, unclassified fungicides, undecylenic acid, uniconazole, urea fungicides, validamycin, valinamide fungicides, vinclozolin, zaliramide, zinc naphthenate, zineb, ziram, zoxamide, and mixtures thereof.

[0058] Herbicides: Herbicides are pesticides used to kill unwanted plants. Selective herbicides kill specific targets while being relatively harmless to desired crops. Some herbicides work by preventing the growth of weeds and are often based on plant hormones. Herbicides used to clear wasteland are non-selective and kill all plants they come into contact with. Herbicides are widely used in agriculture and landscape turf management. They are also used in integrated vegetation management (TVC) programs for highway and railroad maintenance. Small amounts are used in forestry, grazing systems, and in managing areas set aside for wildlife habitat. Some suitable herbicides include:

[0059] In one embodiment, the microparticles or compositions of the invention may contain as active ingredients a number of representatives of other groups of herbicidal or growth-regulating active ingredients or mixtures thereof, hereinafter referred to as or used together with herbicidal or growth-regulating active ingredients B) and C).It is also possible to encapsulate one or more of the active ingredients B) or C) within the microparticles.

[0060] B) Class B1)~B15): b1) lipid biosynthesis inhibitors; b2) acetolactate synthase inhibitors (ALS inhibitors); b3) photosynthetic inhibitors; b4) protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase inhibitors, b5) bleaching herbicides; b6) enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase inhibitors (EPSP inhibitors); b7) glutamine synthetase inhibitors; b8) 7,8-dihydropteroate synthase inhibitors (DHP inhibitors); b9) mitotic inhibitors; b10) Very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitors (VLCFA inhibitors); b11) cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors; b12) decoupler herbicide; b13) auxin herbicides; b14) auxin transport inhibitors; and b15) Bromobutide, chlorphrenol, chlorphrenol-methyl, cinmethylin, cumylron, dalapon, dazomet, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-methyl sulfate, dimethipine, DSMA, dymron, endothal and its salts, etobenzanide, flamprot, flamprot-isopropyl, flamprot-methyl, flamprot-M-isopropyl, flamprot-M-methyl, fullerenol, fullerenol-butyl , Fluprimidol, Fosamine, Indanofan, Indaziflam, Maleic hydrazide, Mefluzide, Metam, Methiozoline, Methyl azide, Methyl bromide, Methyl-dimron, Methyl iodide, MSMA, Oleic acid, Oxaziclomefone, Pelargonic acid, Pyributicarb, Quinoclamine, Tetofurpyrolimet, Triaziflam, Tridiphane, 6-chloro-3-(2-cyclopropyl-6-methylphenoxy)-4-pyridazinol (CAS 499223-49-3) and other herbicides selected from the group consisting of salts and esters thereof; herbicides of the formula (including agriculturally acceptable salts or derivatives thereof); Also, C) antidote.

[0061] If the herbicidal compounds B and / or antidotes C described herein are capable of forming geometric isomers, such as E / Z isomers, it is possible to use both the pure isomers and their mixtures in the compositions according to the invention.

[0062] If the herbicidal compounds B and / or antidotes C described herein have one or more chiral centers and, as a result, exist as enantiomers or diastereomers, it is possible to use both the pure enantiomers and diastereomers and mixtures thereof in the compositions according to the invention.

[0063] The herbicidal compounds B and / or antidotes C described herein having a carboxyl group may be used in the form of the acid, in the form of an agriculturally suitable salt as described above, or in the form of an agriculturally acceptable derivative, for example as amides, for example as mono- and di-C1-C6-alkylamides or arylamides, as esters, for example as allyl esters, propargyl esters, C1-C6 alkyl ... 10 - as alkyl esters, alkoxyalkyl esters, tefuryl ((tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl) esters and as thioesters, for example C1-C 10 -alkylthioesters can be used. Preferred mono- and di-C1-C6-alkylamides are methylamides and dimethylamides. Preferred arylamides are, for example, anilides and 2-chloroanilides. Preferred alkyl esters are, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, mexyl (1-methylhexyl), meptyl (1-methylheptyl), heptyl, octyl or isooctyl (2-ethylhexyl) esters. Preferred C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl esters are linear or branched C1-C4-alkoxyethyl esters, for example 2-methoxyethyl, 2-ethoxyethyl, 2-butoxyethyl (butotyl), 2-butoxypropyl or 3-butoxypropyl esters. Linear or branched C1-C 10 An example of an -alkyl thioester is the ethyl thioester.

[0064] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one lipid biosynthesis inhibitor (herbicide b1). These are compounds that inhibit the biosynthesis of lipids. The inhibition of lipid biosynthesis can be effected either by inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (hereinafter referred to as ACC herbicides) or by a different mechanism of action (hereinafter referred to as non-ACC herbicides). ACC herbicides belong to group A of the HRAC classification system, whereas non-ACC herbicides belong to group N of the HRAC classification.

[0065] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one ALS inhibitor (herbicide b2).The herbicidal activity of these compounds is based on the inhibition of acetolactate synthase and thus the inhibition of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis.These inhibitors belong to group B of the HRAC classification system.

[0066] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one photosynthesis inhibitor (herbicide b3). The herbicidal activity of these compounds is based either on the inhibition of the plant's photosystem II (so-called PSII inhibitors, groups C1, C2 and C3 of the HRAC classification) or on the bypass of the electron transport of the plant's photosystem I (so-called PSI inhibitors, group D of the HRAC classification), thus inhibiting photosynthesis. Among these, PSII inhibitors are preferred.

[0067] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one protoporphyrinogen-IX-oxidase inhibitor (herbicide b4). The herbicidal activity of these compounds is based on the inhibition of protoporphyrinogen-IX-oxidase. These inhibitors belong to group E of the HRAC classification system.

[0068] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one bleaching herbicide (herbicide b5).The herbicidal activity of these compounds is based on the inhibition of carotenoid biosynthesis.These include compounds that inhibit carotenoid biosynthesis by inhibiting phytoene desaturase (so-called PDS inhibitors, group F1 of the HRAC classification), compounds that inhibit 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate-dioxygenase (HPPD inhibitors, group F2 of the HRAC classification), compounds that inhibit DOX synthase (group F4 of the HRAC classification), and compounds that inhibit carotenoid biosynthesis by an unknown mechanism of action (bleacher-target unknown, group F3 of the HRAC classification).

[0069] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one EPSP synthase inhibitor (herbicide b6).The herbicidal activity of these compounds is based on the inhibition of enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase, thus inhibiting amino acid biosynthesis in plants.These inhibitors belong to group G of the HRAC classification system.

[0070] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one glutamine synthetase inhibitor (herbicide b7).The herbicidal activity of these compounds is based on the inhibition of glutamine synthetase and thus the inhibition of amino acid biosynthesis in plants.These inhibitors belong to group H of the HRAC classification system.

[0071] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one DHP synthase inhibitor (herbicide b8).The herbicidal activity of these compounds is based on the inhibition of 7,8-dihydropteroate synthase.These inhibitors belong to group I of the HRAC classification system.

[0072] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one mitosis inhibitor (herbicide b9). The herbicidal activity of these compounds is based on the disruption or inhibition of the formation or organization of microtubules, thus inhibiting mitosis. These inhibitors belong to groups K1 and K2 of the HRAC classification system. Among these, the compounds of group K1 are preferred, especially the dinitroanilines.

[0073] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one VLCFA inhibitor (herbicide b10). The herbicidal activity of these compounds is based on the inhibition of the synthesis of very long chain fatty acids, thus preventing or inhibiting cell division in plants. These inhibitors belong to group K3 of the HRAC classification system.

[0074] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor (herbicide b11).The herbicidal activity of these compounds is based on the inhibition of cellulose biosynthesis and therefore the inhibition of cell wall synthesis in plants.These inhibitors belong to group L of the HRAC classification system.

[0075] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one uncoupler herbicide (herbicide b12). The herbicidal activity of these compounds is based on the destruction of cell membranes. These inhibitors belong to group M of the HRAC classification system.

[0076] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one auxin herbicide (herbicide b13). These include compounds that mimic auxin, i.e. plant hormones, to affect plant growth. These compounds belong to group O of the HRAC classification system.

[0077] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the composition contains at least one auxin transport inhibitor (herbicide b14).The herbicidal activity of these compounds is based on the inhibition of auxin transport in plants.These compounds belong to group P of the HRAC classification system.

[0078] For classification of a given mode of action and active ingredient, see, e.g., HRAC, Classification of Herbicides According to Mode of Action, http: / / www.plantprotection.org / hrac / MOA.html.

[0079] Preference is given to compositions according to the invention which comprise at least one herbicide B selected from the herbicides of classes b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b9 and b10.

[0080] Particularly preferred are compositions according to the invention which comprise at least one herbicide B selected from the herbicides of classes b4, b6, b9 and b10.

[0081] Particularly preferred are compositions according to the invention which comprise at least one herbicide B selected from the herbicides of classes b4, b6 and b10.

[0082] Examples of herbicides B which can be used in combination with the compositions according to the invention include those derived from: b1) From the group of lipid biosynthesis inhibitors: ACC-herbicides, for example alloxydim, butroxydim, clethodim, clodinafop, clodinafop-propargyl, cycloxydim, cyhalofop, cyhalofop-butyl, diclofop, diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, flagifop, flagifop-butyl, flagifop-P, flagifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P, haloxyfop-P-methyl, metamifop, pinoxaden, propoxydim, propaquizafop, quizalofop, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-tefuryl, quizalofop-P, quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim, tralkoxydim, 4-(4'-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one (CAS 1312337-72-6); 4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-cyclopropyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one (CAS 1312337-45-3); 4-(4'-chloro-4-ethyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one (CAS 1033757-93-5;4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-ethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3,5(4H,6H)-dione (CAS 1312340-84-3);5-(acetyloxy)-4-(4'-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one (CAS 1312337-48-6;5-(acetyloxy)-4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-cyclopropyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one;5-(acetyloxy)-4-(4'-chloro-4-ethyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one (CAS 1312340-82-1);5-(acetyloxy)-4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-ethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one (CAS 1033760-55-2);4-(4'-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-yl carbonate methyl ester (CAS 1312337-51-1);4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-cyclopropyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbonic acid methyl ester;4-(4'-chloro-4-ethyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbonic acid methyl ester (CAS 1312340-83-2);4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-ethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbonic acid methyl ester (CAS 1033760-58-5); and non-ACC herbicides such as benfuresate, butyrate, cycloate, dalapon, dimepiperate, EPTC, esprocarb, ethofumesate, flupropanate, molinate, orbencarb, pebulate, prosulfocarb, TCA, thiobencarb, thiocarbazyl, triallate, and vernolate; b2) From the group of ALS inhibitors: Sulfonylureas, such as amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, chlorimuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorsulfuron, cyclosulfuron, cyclosulfamuron, ethametsulfuron, ethametsulfuron-methyl, ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, flucetosulfuron, flupyrsulfuron, foramsulfuron, halosulfuron, halosulfuron-methyl, imazosulfuron, iodosulfuron, iofensulfuron, mesosulfuron, metazosulfuron, metsulfuron sulphuron, metsulfuron-methyl, nicosulfuron, orthosulfamuron, oxasulfuron, primisulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, propyrisulfuron, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, rimsulfuron, sulfometuron, sulfometuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, triasulfuron, tribenuron, tribenuron-methyl, trifloxysulfuron, triflusulfuron, triflusulfuron-methyl, and tritosulfuron, Imidazolinones such as Imazamethabenz, Imazamethabenz-methyl, Imazamox, Imazapic, Imazapyr, Imazaquin, and Imazethapyr, triazolopyrimidine herbicides, and sulfonanilides such as Cloransulam, Cloransulam-methyl, Diclosulam, Flumetsulam, Florasulam, Metosulam, Penoxulam, Pyrimisulfan, and Piroxsulam, Pyrimidinyl benzoates, such as bispyribac, pyribenzoxim, pyritalide, pyriminobac, pyriminobac-methyl, pyrithiobac, 4-[[[2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]phenyl]methyl]amino]-benzoic acid-1-methylethyl ester (CAS 420138-41-6), 4-[[[2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]phenyl]methyl]amino]-benzoic acid propyl ester (CAS 420138-40-5), N-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]benzenemethanamine (CAS 420138-01-8), Sulfonylaminocarbonyl-triazolinone herbicides, such as flucarbazone, propoxycarbazone, thiencarbazone, and thiencarbazone-methyl; and triafamone; Of these, preferred embodiments of the present invention relate to compositions comprising at least one imidazolinone herbicide; b3) From the group of photosynthetic inhibitors: Amicarbazons, inhibitors of photosystem II, such as 1-(6-tert-butylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1654744-66-7), 1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1637455-12-9), 1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)-4-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1637453-94-1), 1-(5-tert-butyl-1-methyl-pyrazol-3-yl)-4-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1654057-29-0), 1-(5-tert-butyl-1-methyl-pyrazol-3-yl)-3-chloro-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1654747-80-4), 4-hydroxy-1-methoxy-5-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one; (CAS 2023785-78-4), 4-hydroxy-1,5-dimethyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 2023785-79-5), 5-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 1701416-69-4), 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 1708087-22-2), 4-hydroxy-1,5-Dimethyl-3-[1-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-3-yl]imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 2023785-80-8), 1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)-4-ethoxy-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 1844836-64-1), triazine herbicides including chlorotriazines, triazinones, triazinediones, methylthiotriazines, and pyridazinones, such as ametryn, atrazine, chloridazon, cyanazine, desmetryn, dimethamethryn, hexazinone, metribuzin, prometon, prometryn, propazine, simazine, simetryn, terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, and trietazine, aryl ureas such as chlorobromuron, chlorotoluron, chloroxuron, dimefuron, diuron, fluometuron, isoproturon, isouron, linuron, metamitron, methabenzthiazuron, metobenzuron, methabenzuron ... xuron, monolinuron, nebulon, siduron, tebuthiuron, and thiadiazuron, phenylcarbamates such as desmedipham, carbutilate, phenmedipham, phenmedipham-ethyl, nitrile herbicides such as bromofenoxime, bromoxynil and its salts and esters, ioxynil and its salts and esters, uracils such as bromacil, lenacil, and terbacil, as well as bentazon, pyridate, pyridaphor, pentanochlor, and propanil, and inhibitors of photosystem I such as diquat, diquat-dibromide, paraquat, paraquat-dichloride, and paraquat-dimethylsulfate. Among these, preferred embodiments of the present invention relate to compositions comprising at least one aryl urea herbicide. Among these, preferred embodiments of the present invention relate to compositions comprising at least one triazine herbicide. Among these, preferred embodiments of the present invention relate to compositions comprising at least one nitrile herbicide. b4) From the group of protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase inhibitors: Acifluorfen, Azafenidin, Bencarbazone, Benzphendizone, Bifenox, Butafenacil, Carfentrazone, Carfentrazone-ethyl, Chlomethoxyfen, Chlorphthalim, Cinidon-ethyl, Cyclopyranyl, Fluazolate, Flufenpyr, Flufenpyr-ethyl, Flumiclorac, Flumiclorac-pentyl, Flumioxazin, Fluroglicofen, Fluroglicofen-ethyl, Fluthiacet, Fluthiacet-methyl, Fomesafen , halosafen, lactofen, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen, pentoxazone, profluazole, pyraclonil, pyraflufen, pyraflufen-ethyl, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, thidiazimine, thiaphenacyl, ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6;S-3100), N-ethyl-3-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide (CAS 452098-92-9), N-tetrahydrofurfuryl-3-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide (CAS 915396-43-9), N-ethyl-3-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide (CAS 452099-05-7), N-tetrahydrofurfuryl-3-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide (CAS 452100-03-7), 3-[7-fluoro-3-oxo-4-(prop-2-ynyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl]-1,5-dimethyl-6-thioxo-[1,3,5]triazinane-2,4-dione (CAS 451484-50-7), 2-(2,2,7-trifluoro-3-oxo-4-prop-2-ynyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-isoindole-1,3-dione (CAS 1300118-96-0), 1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-3-(2,2,7-trifluoro-3-oxo-4-prop-2-ynyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (CAS 1304113-05-0), methyl (E)-4-[2-chloro-5-[4-chloro-5-(difluoromethoxy)-1H-methyl-pyrazol-3-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-3-methoxy-but-2-enoate (CAS 948893-00-3), and 3-[7-chloro-5-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl]-1-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (CAS 212754-02-4), ; 2-[2-chloro-5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-methoxy-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 1970221-16-9), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158274-96-3), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 158274-50-9), 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]methyl acetate (CAS 2271389-22-9), 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]ethyl acetate (CAS 2230679-62-4), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158275-73-9), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-56-5), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158274-53-2), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-Dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158276-22-1); b5) From the group of bleaching herbicides: PDS inhibitors: beflubutamide, diflufenican, fluridone, flurochloridone, flurtamone, norflurazone, picolinafen, 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyrimidine (CAS 180608-33-7), and 3-chloro-2-[-3-(difluoromethyl)isoxazol-5-yl]phenyl-5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl-ether; HPPD inhibitors: benzobicyclon, benzofenap, bicyclopyrone, clomazone, fenquinotrione, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, and oxotrione (CAS 1486617-21-3), pyrasulfotole, pyrazolinate, pyrazoxyfene, sulcotrione, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, tolpyralate, topramezone, bipyrazone, fenpyrazone, sipirafluone, tripyrasulfone, benquinotrone, 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-6-oxocyclohex-1-en-1yl)carbonyl]-6-methylpyridazin-3(2H)-one; Bleacher, target unknown: aclonifen, amitroleflumeturon, 2-chloro-3-methylsulfanyl-N-(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (CAS 1361139-71-0), bixlozone, and 2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)methyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone (CAS 81778-66-7); b8) From the group of DHP synthase inhibitors: Ashram; b9) From the group of mitotic inhibitors: Compounds of group K1: dinitroanilines, such as benfluralin, butralin, dinitramine, ethalfuralin, fluchloralin, oryzalin, pendimethalin, prodiamine, and trifluralin, phosphoramidates, such as amiprophos, amiprophos-methyl, and butamiphos, benzoic acid herbicides, such as chlorthal, chlorthal-dimethyl, pyridines, such as dithiopyr and thiazopyr, benzamides, such as propyzamide and tebutam; Compounds of group K2: carbetamide, chlorpropham, flamprop, flamprop-isopropyl, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop-M-methyl, and propham; of these, compounds of group K1, especially dinitroanilines, are preferred; b10) From the group of VLCFA inhibitors: Chloroacetamides such as Acetochlor, Alachlor, Amidochlor, Butachlor, Dimethachlor, Dimethenamide, Dimethenamide-P, Metazachlor, Metolachlor, Metolachlor-S, Petoxamide, Pretilachlor, Propachlor, Propisochlor, and Thenylchlor; Oxyacetanilides such as Flufenacet and Mefenacet; Acetanilides such as Diphenamide, Naprochlor, Anilides, napropamide, and napropamide-M, tetrazolinones such as fentrazamide, and other herbicides such as anilofos, cafenstrole, fenoxasulfone, ipfencarbazone, piperophos, pyroxasulfone, dimesulfazet, and isoxazoline compounds of formulae II.1, II.2, II.3, II.4, II.5, II.6, II.7, II.8, and II.9. [ka] Isoxazoline compounds of formula (II) are known from the art, for example from WO 2006 / 024820, WO 2006 / 037945, WO 2007 / 071900 and WO 2007 / 096576; Of the VLCFA inhibitors, chloroacetamide and oxyacetamide are preferred; b11) From the group of cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors: Chlorthiamid, dichlobenil, flupoxam, indaziflam, isoxaben, triaziflam, and 1-cyclohexyl-5-pentafluorophenyloxy-1 4 -[1,2,4,6]Thiatriazin-3-ylamine (CAS 175899-01-1); b12) From the group of uncoupled herbicides: Dinoseb, dinoterb, and DNOC and their salts; b13) From the group of auxin herbicides: 2,4-D and esters, e.g., Clacifos, 2,4-DB and esters, Aminocyclopyrachlor and esters, Aminopyralid, Aminopyralid-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium and esters, Benzolin, Benzolin-ethyl, Chloramben and esters, Clomeprop, Clopyralid and esters, Dichlorprop and esters, Dichlorprop-P and esters, Furopirauxifen, Fluroxypyr, Fluroxypyr-butomethyl, Fluroxypyr-meptyl, Halauxifen and esters (CAS 943832-60-8); MCPA and esters, MCPA-thioethyl, MCPB and esters, Mecoprop and esters, Mecoprop-P and esters, Picloram and esters, Quinclorac, Quinmerac, TBA(2,3,6) and esters, Triclopyr and esters, Florpyrauxifen, Florpyrauxifen-benzyl (CAS 1390661-72-9), and 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(7-fluoro-1H-indol-6-yl)picolinic acid (CAS 1629965-65-6); b14) From the group of auxin transport inhibitors: diflufenzopyr, naptalam; b15) From the group of other herbicides: bromobutide, chlorfuranol, chlorfuranol-methyl, cinmethylin, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate (CAS 499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, dalapon, dazomet, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-methylsulfate, dimethipine, DSMA, dymron, endothal and its salts, etobenzanide, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, fluprimidol, phosamine, indanofan, maleic hydrazide, mefluzide, metam, methiozoline, methyl azide, methyl bromide, methyl-dimron, methyl iodide, MSMA, oleic acid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid, pyributicarb, quinoclamine, tetflupyrorimet and tridiphane.

[0083] Preferred herbicides B which can be used in combination with the compositions according to the invention are those derived from: b1) From the group of lipid biosynthesis inhibitors: Clethodim, clodinafop-propargyl, cycloxydim, cyhalofop-butyl, diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl, haloxyfop-p-methyl, metamifop, pinoxaden, profoxydim, propaquizafop, quizalofop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-tefuryl, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim, tralkoxydim, 4-(4'-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one (CAS 1312337-72-6;4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-cyclopropyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one (CAS 1312337-45-3);4-(4'-chloro-4-ethyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one (CAS 1033757-93-5);4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-ethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3,5(4H,6H)-dione (CAS 1312340-84-3;5-(acetyloxy)-4-(4'-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one (CAS 1312337-48-6);5-(acetyloxy)-4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-cyclopropyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one;5-(acetyloxy)-4-(4'-chloro-4-ethyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one (CAS 1312340-82-1);5-(acetyloxy)-4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-ethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one (CAS 1033760-55-2);4-(4'-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbonic acid methyl ester (CAS 1312337-51-1);4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-cyclopropyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbonic acid methyl ester;4-(4'-chloro-4-ethyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbonic acid methyl ester (CAS 1312340-83-2;4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-ethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-yl carbonate methyl ester (CAS 1033760-58-5);benfuresate, dimepiperate, EPTC, esprocarb, ethofumesate, molinate, orbencarb, prosulfocarb, thiobencarb, and triallate; b2) From the group of ALS inhibitors: Amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorsulfuron, chloransulfuran-methyl, cyclosulfamuron, diclosulam, ethametsurfuron-methyl, ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, florasulam, flucetosulfuron, flumetsuram, foramsulfuron, halosulfuron-methyl, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazamox, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazosulfuron, iodosulfuron, iofensulfuron, mesosulfuron, metazosulfuron, methosulam, Metsulfuron-methyl, Nicosulfuron, Orthosulfamuron, Oxasulfuron, Penoxsulam, Primisulfuron-methyl, Propyrisulfuron, Prosulfuron, Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, Pyribenzoxim, Pyrimisulfan, Pyriftalid, Pyriminobac-methyl, Pyroxsulam, Rimsulfuron, Sulfometuron-methyl, Sulfosulfuron, Thiencarbazone-methyl, Thifensulfuron-methyl, Triasulfuron, Tribenuron-methyl, Trifloxysulfuron, Triflusulfuron-methyl, Tritosulfuron, and Triafamone; b3) From the group of photosynthetic inhibitors: Ametryn, amicarbazone, atrazine, bentazon, bromoxynil and its salts and esters, chloridazon, chlorotoluron, cyanazine, desmedipham, diquat-dibromide, diuron, fluometuron, hexazinone, ioxynil and its salts and esters, isoproturon, lenacil, linuron, metamitron, methabenzthiazuron, metribuzin, paraquat, paraquat-dichloride, phenmedipham, propanil, pyridate, simazine, terbutryn, terbutylazine, thidiazuron, 1-(6-tert-butylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1654744-66-7), 1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1637455-12-9), 1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)-4-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1637453-94-1), 1-(5-tert-butyl-1-methyl-pyrazol-3-yl)-4-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1654057-29-0), 1-(5-tert-butyl-1-methyl-pyrazol-3-yl)-3-chloro-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1654747-80-4), 4-hydroxy-1-methoxy-5-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one;(CAS 2023785-78-4), 4-hydroxy-1,5-dimethyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 2023785-79-5), 5-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 1701416-69-4), 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 1708087-22-2), 4-hydroxy-1,5-dimethyl-3-[1-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-3-yl]imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 2023785-80-8), as well as 1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)-4-ethoxy-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 1844836-64-1); b4) From the group of protoporphyrinogen-IX oxidase inhibitors: Bencarbazone, benzfendizone, butafenacil, carfentrazone-ethyl, cinidon-ethyl, cyclopyranyl, flufenpyr-ethyl, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, fluroglicofen-ethyl, fomesafen, lactofen, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen, pentoxazone, pyraflufen, pyraflufen-ethyl, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, thiaphenacyl, ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6; S-3100), N-ethyl-3-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoro-methylphenoxy)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide (CAS 452098-92-9), N-tetrahydrofurfuryl-3-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide (CAS 915396-43-9), N-ethyl-3-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide (CAS 452099-05-7), N-Tetrahydrofurfuryl-3-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide (CAS 452100-03-7), 3-[7-fluoro-3-oxo-4-(prop-2-ynyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl]-1,5-dimethyl-6-thioxo-[1,3,5]triazinane-2,4-dione (CAS 451484-50-7), 2-(2,2,7-trifluoro-3-oxo-4-prop-2-ynyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-isoindole-1,3-dione (CAS 1300118-96-0);1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-3-(2,2,7-trifluoro-3-oxo-4-prop-2-ynyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (CAS 1304113-05-0), and 3-[7-chloro-5-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl]-1-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (CAS 212754-02-4); 2-[2-chloro-5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-methoxy-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 1970221-16-9), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158274-96-3), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 158274-50-9), 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]methyl acetate (CAS 2271389-22-9), 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]ethyl acetate (CAS 2230679-62-4), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158275-73-9), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-56-5), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158274-53-2), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-Dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158276-22-1); b5) From the group of bleaching herbicides: Aclonifen, amitrole, beflubutamide, benzobicyclon, bicyclopyrone, clomazone, sipirafluon, diflufenican, fenquinotrone, flumeturon, flurochloridone, flurtamone, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, oxotrione (CAS 1486617-21-3), norflurazon, picolinafen, pyrasulfotole, pyrazolinate, sulcotrione, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, torpiralate, topramezone, 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyrimidine (CAS 180608-33-7), 2-chloro-3-methylsulfanyl-N-(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (CAS 1361139-71-0), bixlozone, 2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)methyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone (CAS 81778-66-7), chloro-2-[-3-(difluoromethyl)isoxazol-5-yl]phenyl-5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl-ether, and 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[2-hydroxy-6-oxothiourohex-1-en-1yl)carbonyl]-6-methylpyridazin-3(2H)-one; b8) From the group of DHP synthase inhibitors: Ashram; b9) From the group of mitotic inhibitors: Benfluralin, dithiopyr, ethalfluralin, flamprop, flamprop-isopropyl, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop-M-methyl, oryzalin, pendimethalin, thiazopyr, and trifluralin; b10) From the group of VLCFA inhibitors: Acetochlor, alachlor, amidochlor, anilofos, butachlor, cafenstrole, dimethenamide, dimethenamide-P, dimesulfazet, fentrazamide, flufenacet, mefenacet, metazachlor, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, naproanilide, napropamide, napropamide-M, pretilachlor, fenoxasulfone, ipfencarbazone, pyroxasulfone, thenylchlor, and the isoxazoline compounds of formulae II.1, II.2, II.3, II.4, II.5, II.6, II.7, II.8, and II.9 above; b11) From the group of cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors: dichlobenil, flupoxam, indaziflam, isoxaben, triaziflam, and 1-cyclohexyl-5-pentafluorophenyloxy-1 4 -[1,2,4,6]Thiatriazin-3-ylamine (CAS 175899-01-1); b13) From the group of auxin herbicides: 2,4-D and its salts and esters, aminocyclopyrachlor and its salts and esters, aminopyralid and its esters, clopyralid and its salts and esters, dichlorprop-P and its salts and esters, furopyrauxifen, fluroxypyr-meptyl, halauxiifen and its salts and esters (CAS 943832-60-8), MCPA and its salts and esters, MCPB and its salts and esters, mecoprop-P and its salts and esters, picloram and its salts and esters, quinclorac, quinmerac, triclopyr and its salts and esters, florpyrauxifen, florpyrauxifen-benzyl (CAS 1390661-72-9), and 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(7-fluoro-1H-indol-6-yl)picolinic acid (CAS 1629965-65-6); b14) From the group of auxin transport inhibitors: diflufenzopyr; b15) From the group of other herbicides: bromobutide, cinmethylin, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate (CAS 499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, dalapon, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-methylsulfate, DSMA, dymron (= daimuron), indanofan, metam, methyl bromide, MSMA, oxaziclomefone, pyributicarb, tetflupyrorimet and tridiphane.

[0084] Particularly preferred herbicides B which can be used in combination with the compositions according to the invention are those derived from: b1) From the group of lipid biosynthesis inhibitors: clodinafop-propargyl, cycloxydim, cyhalofop-butyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, pinoxaden, profoxydim, tepraloxydim, tralkoxydim, 4-(4'-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one (CAS 1312337-72-6); 4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-cyclopropyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one (CAS 1312337-45-3;4-(4'-chloro-4-ethyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one (CAS 1033757-93-5);4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-ethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3,5(4H,6H)-dione (CAS 1312340-84-3);5-(acetyloxy)-4-(4'-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one (CAS 1312337-48-6;5-(acetyloxy)-4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-cyclopropyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one;5-(acetyloxy)-4-(4'-chloro-4-ethyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one (CAS 1312340-82-1);5-(acetyloxy)-4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-ethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one (CAS 1033760-55-2);4-(4'-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbonic acid methyl ester (CAS 1312337-51-1);4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-cyclopropyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbonic acid methyl ester;4-(4'-chloro-4-ethyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbonic acid methyl ester (CAS 1312340-83-2;4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-ethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-yl carbonate methyl ester (CAS 1033760-58-5);esprocarb, prosulfocarb, thiobencarb, and triallate; b2) From the group of ALS inhibitors: bensulfuron-methyl, cyclosulfamuron, diclosulam, flumetsulam, foramsulfuron, imazamox, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazosulfuron, iodosulfuron, iofensulfuron, mesosulfuron, metazosulfuron, nicosulfuron, penoxsulam, propyrisulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyroxsulam, rimsulfuron, sulfosulfuron, thiencarbazone-methyl, tritosulfuron, and triafamone; b3) From the group of photosynthesis inhibitors: ametryn, atrazine, diuron, fluometuron, hexazinone, isoproturon, linuron, metribuzin, paraquat, paraquat-dichloride, propanil, terbutryn, terbutylazine, 1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1637455-12-9), 1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)-4-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1637453-94-1), 1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)-4-ethoxy-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 1844836-64-1); b4) From the group of protoporphyrinogen-IX oxidase inhibitors: cyclopyranyl, flumioxazin, oxyfluorfen, pyraflufen, pyraflufen-ethyl, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]ethyl acetate (CAS 353292-31-6; S-3100), 3-[7-fluoro-3-oxo-4-(prop-2-ynyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl]-1,5-dimethyl-6-thioxo-[1,3,5]triazinane-2,4-dione (CAS 451484-50-7), 2-(2,2,7-trifluoro-3-oxo-4-prop-2-ynyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-isoindole-1,3-dione (CAS 1300118-96-0), and 1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-3-(2,2,7-trifluoro-3-oxo-4-prop-2-ynyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (CAS 1304113-05-0); 2-[2-chloro-5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-methoxy-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 1970221-16-9), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158274-96-3), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 158274-50-9), 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]methyl acetate (CAS 2271389-22-9), 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluoro-phenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]ethyl acetate (CAS 2230679-62-4), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158275-73-9), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-56-5), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158274-53-2), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-Dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158276-22-1); b5) From the group of bleaching herbicides: amitrole, bicyclopyrone, clomazone, diflufenican, fenquinotrion, flumeturon, flurochloridone, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, oxotrione (CAS 1486617-21-3), picolinafen, sulcotrione, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, tolpyralate, topramezone, 2-chloro-3-methylsulfanyl-N-(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (CAS 1361139-71-0), bixlozone, 2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)methyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone (CAS 81778-66-7), and chloro-2-[-3-(difluoromethyl)isoxazol-5-yl]phenyl-5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl-ester; b9) From the group of antimitotic drugs: pendimethalin and trifluralin; b10) from the group of the VLCFA inhibitors: acetochlor, cafenstrole, dimethenamide-P, fentrazamide, flufenacet, mefenacet, metazachlor, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, fenoxasulfone, ipfencarbazone and pyroxasulfone; likewise, the isoxazoline compounds of the above formulae II.1, II.2, II.3, II.4, II.5, II.6, II.7, II.8 and II.9 are preferred; b11) From the group of cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors: indaziflam, isoxaben, and triaziflam; b13) From the group of the auxin herbicides: 2,4-D and its salts and esters, such as clasifos, aminocyclopyrachlor and its salts and esters, aminopyralid and its salts and esters, clopyralid and its salts and esters, furopyrauxifen, fluroxypyr-meptyl, halauxiifen, halauxiifen-methyl, quinclorac, quinmerac, florpyrauxifen, florpyrauxifen-benzyl (CAS 1390661-72-9) and 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(7-fluoro-1H-indol-6-yl)picolinic acid (CAS 1629965-65-6); b14) From the group of auxin transport inhibitors: diflufenzopyr; b15) From the group of other herbicides: cinmethylin, dimon (= dymron), indanofan, oxaziclomefone, and tetflupyrrolimet.

[0085] In another embodiment of the invention, the composition according to the invention comprises at least one antidote C.

[0086] Antidotes are compounds that prevent or reduce damage to useful plants without significantly affecting the herbicidal action of the herbicidal active ingredients of the composition on undesirable plants.Antidotes can be used either before sowing (e.g., on seed treatments, shoots, or seedlings) or for pre-emergence or post-emergence application of useful plants.Antidotes and the composition of the present invention and / or herbicide B can be applied simultaneously or successively.

[0087] Suitable antidotes include, for example, (quinoline-8-oxy)acetic acid, 1-phenyl-5-haloalkyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid, 1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-5-alkyl-1H-pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid, 4.5-dihydro-5,5-diallyl-3-isoxazolecarboxylic acid, dichloroacetamide, alpha-oximinophenylacetonitrile, acetophenonoxime, 4,6-dihalo-2-phenylpyrimidine, N-[[4-(aminocarbonyl)phenyl]sulfonyl]-2-benzoic acid amide, 1,8-naphthalene anhydride, 2-halo-4-(haloalkyl)-5-thiazolecarboxylic acid, phosphothiolates, and N-alkyl-O-phenylcarbamates, and agriculturally acceptable salts and agriculturally acceptable derivatives thereof, such as amides, esters, and thioesters, provided that they contain an acid group.

[0088] Examples of preferred antidotes C include benoxacor, cloquintocet, cyometrinil, cyprosulfamide, dichlormid, dicyclonone, dietholate, fenchlorazole, fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen, mefenpyr, mephenate, naphthalic anhydride, oxabetrinil, 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane (MON4660, CAS 71526-07-3), 2,2,5-trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine (R-29148, CAS 52836-31-4), metcamifen, and BPCMS (CAS 54091-06-4).

[0089] Particularly preferred antidotes C include benoxacor, cloquintocet, cyprosulfamide, dichlormid, fenchlorazole, fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen, mefenpyr, naphthalic anhydride, oxabetrinil, 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane (MON4660, CAS 71526-07-3), 2,2,5-trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine (R-29148, CAS 52836-31-4), and metcamifen.

[0090] Particularly preferred antidotes C include benoxacor, cloquintocet, cyprosulfamide, dichlormid, fenchlorazole, fenclorim, furilazole, isoxadifen, mefenpyr, naphthalic anhydride, 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane (MON4660, CAS 71526-07-3), 2,2,5-trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine (R-29148, CAS 52836-31-4), and metcamifen.

[0091] The active compound B and the active compound C of groups b1) to b15) are known herbicides and antidotes.See, for example, The Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (http: / / www.alanwood.net / pesticides / ); Farm Chemicals Handbook 2000 volume 86, Meister Publishing Company, 2000; B. Hock, C. Fedtke, RR Schmidt, Herbizide [Herbicides], Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1995; WH Ahrens, Herbicide Handbook, 7th edition, Weed Science Society of America, 1994; and KK Hatzios, Herbicide Handbook, Supplement for the 7th edition, Weed Science Society of America, 1998. 2,2,5-Trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine [CAS number 52836-31-4] is also called R-29148. 4-(Dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane [CAS number 71526-07-3] is also called AD-67 and MON4660. The assignment of active compounds to the respective mechanisms of action is based on current knowledge. If an active compound fits several mechanisms of action, this substance is assigned to only one mechanism of action.

[0092] The active compounds B and C which contain a carboxyl group can be used in the compositions according to the invention in the form of the acid, in the form of an agriculturally suitable salt as described above, or otherwise in the form of an agriculturally acceptable derivative.

[0093] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises as herbicidally active compound B or component B at least one, preferably exactly one herbicide B.

[0094] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises as herbicidally active compounds B or components B at least two, preferably exactly two, herbicides B which are different from one another.

[0095] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises as herbicidally active compounds B or components B at least three, preferably exactly three, herbicides B which are different from one another.

[0096] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises as antidote component or component C at least one, preferably exactly one, antidote C.

[0097] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises, as component B, at least one, preferably exactly one herbicide B, and, as component C, at least one, preferably exactly one antidote C.

[0098] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least two, preferably exactly two, mutually different herbicides B and at least one, preferably exactly one, antidote C as component C.

[0099] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least three, preferably exactly three, herbicides B which are different from one another, and at least one, preferably exactly one, antidote C as component C.

[0100] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one, in particular exactly one, herbicidally active compound from group b1), in particular selected from the group consisting of clethodim, clodinafop-propargyl, cycloxydim, cyhalofop-butyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, metamifop, pinoxaden, profoxydim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim, tralkoxydim, esprocarb, ethofumesate, molinate, prosulfocarb, thiobencarb and triallate.

[0101] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one, in particular exactly one, herbicidally active compound from group b2), in particular selected from the group consisting of bensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl, chlorsulfuron, chlorimuron, cyclosulfamuron, diclosulam, florasulam, flumetsulam, mesosulfuron-methyl, metazosulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, metosulam, nicosulfuron, penoxsulam, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyribenzoxim, pyriftalid, pyroxsulam, propyrisulfuron, rimsulfuron, sulfosulfuron, thiencarbazone-methyl, thifensulfuron-methyl, tribenuron-methyl, tritosulfuron and triafamone.

[0102] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one, in particular exactly one, herbicidally active compound from group b3), in particular selected from the group consisting of ametryn, atrazine, bentazon, bromoxynil, bromoxynil-octanoate, bromoxynil-heptanoate, bromoxynil-potassium, diuron, fluometuron, hexazinone, isoproturon, linuron, metamitron, metribuzin, paraquat-dichloride, propanil, simazine, terbutryn and terbutylazine.

[0103] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one, especially exactly one, herbicidally active compound from group b4), in particular selected from the group consisting of acifluorfen, butafencil, carfenetrazone-ethyl, flumioxazin, fomesafen, oxadiargyl, oxyfluorfen, pyraflufen, pyraflufen-ethyl, saflufenacil, sulfentrazone, ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)-phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6; S-3100).

[0104] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition is in particular amitrole, benzobicyclone, bicyclopyrone, clomazone, diflufenican, fenquinthrone, fluometuron, flurochloridone, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, norflurazone, oxotrione (CAS 1486617-21-3), picolinafen, sulcotrione, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, tolpyralate, topramezone, 2-chloro-3-methylsulfanyl-N-(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (CAS 1361139-71-0), bixlozone, 2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)methyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone (CAS 1361139-71-0), 81778-66-7), and chloro-2-[-3-(difluoromethyl)isoxazol-5-yl]phenyl-5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl-ether,

[0105] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one, in particular exactly one, herbicidally active compound from group b9), in particular selected from the group consisting of pendimethalin and trifluralin.

[0106] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one, in particular exactly one, herbicidally active compound from group b10), in particular selected from the group consisting of acetochlor, butachlor, cafenstrole, dimethenamid-P, fentrazamide, flufenacet, mefenacet, metazachlor, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, fenoxasulfone, ipfencarbazone and pyroxasulfone.

[0107] Likewise preferred are compositions which comprise at least one, in particular exactly one, herbicidally active compound from group b10), in particular selected from the group consisting of the isoxazoline compounds of the formulae II.1, II.2, II.3, II.4, II.5, II.6, II.7, II.8 and II.9 as defined above.

[0108] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one, especially exactly one, herbicidally active compound from group b11), in particular indaziflam, isoxaben and triaziflam.

[0109] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one, in particular exactly one, herbicidally active compound from group b13), in particular selected from the group consisting of 2,4-D, 2,4-D-isobutyl, furopyrauxifen, furopyrauxifen-benzyl (CAS 1390661-72-9) and 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(7-fluoro-1H-indol-6-yl)picolinic acid (CAS 1629965-65-6).

[0110] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one, in particular exactly one herbicidally active compound from group b14), in particular selected from the group consisting of diflufenzopyr.

[0111] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one, in particular exactly one herbicidally active compound from group b15), in particular selected from the group consisting of cinmethylin, dymron (=daimuron), indanofan, oxaziclomefone and tetflupyrolimet.

[0112] According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises at least one, in particular exactly one, antidote C, in particular selected from the group consisting of benoxacor, cloquintocet, cyprosulfamide, dichlormid, fenchlorazole, fenclorim, furilazole, isoxadifen, mefenpyr, 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane (MON4660, CAS 71526-07-3) and 2,2,5-trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine (R-29148, CAS 52836-31-4).

[0113] In binary compositions containing two active compounds, the weight ratio of these active compounds is generally in the range of 1:1000 to 1000:1, preferably in the range of 1:500 to 500:1, in particular in the range of 1:250 to 250:1 and particularly preferably in the range of 1:75 to 75:1.

[0114] In a binary composition comprising a herbicidal active ingredient B and at least one antidote C, the weight ratio of herbicidal active ingredient B:antidote C is generally in the range of 1:1000 to 1000:1, preferably in the range of 1:500 to 500:1, in particular in the range of 1:250 to 250:1, particularly preferably in the range of 1:75 to 75:1.

[0115] In ternary compositions comprising two herbicidally active compounds B and at least one antidote C, the relative proportions by weight of the herbicidal components B are generally in the range of 1:1000 to 1000:1, preferably in the range of 1:500 to 500:1, in particular in the range of 1:250 to 250:1, particularly preferably in the range of 1:75 to 75:1, the weight ratio of each herbicide B:component C is generally in the range of 1:1000 to 1000:1, preferably in the range of 1:500 to 500:1, in particular in the range of 1:250 to 250:1, particularly preferably in the range of 1:75 to 75:1, and the weight ratio of component B:component C is generally in the range of 1:1000 to 1000:1, preferably in the range of 1:500 to 500:1, in particular in the range of 1:250 to 250:1, particularly preferably in the range of 1:75 to 75:1.

[0116] Particularly preferred herbicides B are the herbicides B defined above; in particular the herbicides B.1 to B.214 listed in table B below:

[0117] [Table 4]

[0118] [Table 5]

[0119] [Table 6]

[0120] [Table 7]

[0121] Particularly preferred antidotes C which are components of the composition according to the invention as component C are the antidotes C defined above; in particular the antidotes C.1 to C.17 listed in Table C below:

[0122] [Table 8]

[0123] The weight ratios of the individual components in the preferred mixtures described below are within the ranges, particularly preferred ranges, given above.

[0124] Preferred herbicides as active ingredients are the following or mixtures thereof: Atrazine: a triazine herbicide used in corn and sorghum for broadleaf weed and grass control. It is still used today because of its low cost and because it acts as a synergist when used with other herbicides. It is a photosystem II inhibitor. Clopyralid: a pyridine broadleaf herbicide used primarily in turf and pastures, and to control harmful thrips. It is notorious for persisting in compost. It is another example of a synthetic auxin. Imazapyr; a non-selective herbicide used to control a wide range of weeds, including terrestrial annual and perennial herbs, forbs, woody plants, riparian and emergent aquatic species. Imazapic; a selective herbicide for pre- and post-emergence control of some annual and perennial grass and broadleaf weeds. Imazapic kills plants by inhibiting the production of branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine) necessary for protein synthesis and cell growth. Metoalachlor - a pre-emergence herbicide widely used for control of annual grass weeds in corn and sorghum; it has largely replaced atrazine in these uses. Paraquat, a nonselective contact herbicide used in no-till slash-and-burn farming and the aerial destruction of marijuana and coca plantations. It is more acutely toxic to humans than any other herbicide in widespread commercial use. Picloram, a pyridine herbicide used primarily for controlling unwanted trees in pastures and field edges. It is another synthetic auxin. Triclopyr. Symmetrylin. Saflufenacil. Trifludimoxazine.

[0125] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a herbicide selected from cinmethylin, dimethenamid-P, clomazone, picolinafen, metazachlor, S.metalochlor, acetochlor, pendimethalin, saflufenacil, pyroxasulfone, bixlozone, prosulfocarb, flufenacet, aclonifen, triallate, flumioxazin, metazachlor, petoxamide, napropamide, terbutylazine, isoxaflutole, isoxaben, metamitron, trifludimoxazine, thiafenacil, sulfentrazone, or mixtures thereof.

[0126] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a herbicide selected from cinmethylin, dimethenamid-P, clomazone, picolinafen, metazachlor, S-metolachlor, acetochlor, pendimethalin, saflufenacil, pyroxasulfone, bixlozone, or mixtures thereof.

[0127] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a mixture of dimethenamid-P and clomazone.

[0128] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a mixture of cinmethylin and picolinafen.

[0129] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is cinmethylin.

[0130] Insecticides: Insecticides are pesticides used against insects in all their forms of development. Insecticides also include ovicides and larvicides, which are used against insect eggs and larvae. Insecticides are used in agriculture, medicine, industry, and households. Suitable insecticides include:

[0131] O) Insecticides of classes O.1 to O.28 O.1 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors: aldicarb, alanycarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, ethiofencarb, fenobucarb, formetanate, furathiocarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, methomyl, metolcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, propoxur, thiodicarb, thiofanox, trimethacarb, XMC, xylylcarb, triazamate; acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, cadusafos, chlorethoxyphos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormephos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, coumaphos, cyanophos, demeton-S-methyl, diazinon, dichlorvos / DDVP, dicrotophos, dimethoate, dimethy Rubinphos, Disulfoton, EPN, Ethion, Ethoprophos, Famflu, Fenamiphos, Fenitrothion, Fenthion, Fosthiazate, Heptenophos, Imicyaphos, Isofenphos, Isopropyl O-(methoxyaminothio-phosphoryl) salicylate, Isoxathion, Malathion, Mecarbam, Methamidophos, Methidathion, Mevinphos, Monocrotophos, Naled, Omethoate, Oxydemeton-methyl, Parathion, Parathion-methyl, Phenthoate, Phorate, Phosalone, Phosmet, Phosphamidon, Phoxim, Pirimiphos-methyl, Profenofos, Propetamphos, Prothiofos, Pyraclofos, Pyridaphenthion, Quinalphos, Sulfotep, Tebupirimphos, Temephos, Terbufos, Tetrachlorvinphos, Thiometon, Triazophos, Trichlorfon, Vamidothion; O.2 GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists: endosulfan, chlordane; ethiprole, fipronil, flufiprole, pyrafluprole, pyriprole; O.3 Sodium channel modulators: Acrinathrin, allethrin, d-cis-trans allethrin, d-trans allethrin, bifenthrin, kappa-bifenthrin, bioallethrin, bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl, bioresmethrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, empenthrin, esfenbarere fluthrin, etofenprox, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, tau-fluvalinate, halfenprox, heptafluthrin, imiprothrin, meperfluthrin, metofluthrin, momflufluorothrin, epsilon-momfluorothrin, permethrin, fenothrin, prallethrin, profluthrin, pyrethrins (pyrethrum), resmethrin, silafluofen, tefluthrin, kappa-tefluthrin, tetramethylfluthrin, tetramethrin, tralomethrin, transfluthrin; DDT, methoxychlor; O.4 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists: acetamiprid, clothianidin, cycloxapride, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam; 4,5-dihydro-N-nitro-1-(2-oxiranylmethyl)-1H-imidazol-2-amine, (2E)-1-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl]-N'-nitro-2-pentylidenehydrazinecarboximidamide; 1-[( 6-Chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl]-7-methyl-8-nitro-5-propoxy-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine; Nicotine; Sulfoxaflor, Flupirazifurone, Triflumezopyrim, (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate, (3S)-3-(6-chloro-3- pyridyl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate, (3S)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-3-pyrimidin-5-yl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate, (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2,3-dihydro thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate;(3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-6-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate,(3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-ethyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate; O.5 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor allosteric activators: spinosad, spinetoram; O.6 Chloride channel activators: abamectin, emamectin benzoate, ivermectin, lepimectin, milbemectin; O.7 Juvenile hormone mimetics: hydroprene, kinoprene, methoprene; fenoxycarb, pyriproxyfen; O.8 Miscellaneous non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors: methyl bromide and other alkyl halides; chloropicrin, sulfuryl fluoride, borax, tartar emetic; O.9 Chordotonal organ TRPV channel modulators: pymetrozine, pyrifluquinazone; O.10 Mite growth inhibitors: Clofentezine, hexythiazox, diflovidazine; etoxazole; O.11 Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membrane: Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus sphaericus, and the insecticidal proteins they produce: Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis subsp. Tenebrionis), Bt crop proteins: Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry2Ab, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, Cry34 / 35Ab1; O.12 Inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase: diafenthiuron; azocyclotin, cyhexatin, fenbutatin oxide, propargite, tetradifon; O.13 Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of the proton gradient: chlorfenapyr, DNOC, sulfuramide; O.14 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers: bensultap, cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam; O.15 Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis type 0: bistrifluron, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron; O.16 Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis type 1: buprofezin; O.17 Molting disrupting chemicals: Cyromazine; O.18 Ecdysone receptor agonists: methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide, halofenozide, fufenozide, chromafenozide; O.19 Octopamine receptor agonists: Amitraz; O.20 Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors: hydramethylnon, acequinocyl, fluacrylpyrim, bifenazate; O.21 Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors: fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad, tolfenpyrad, rotenone; O.22 Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers: indoxacarb, metaflumizone, 2-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene]-N-[4-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]-hydrazinecarboxamide, N-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2-[(4-chlorophenyl)-[4-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]phenyl]methylene]-hydrazinecarboxamide; O.23 Inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylase: spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, spiropydione; O.24 Mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitors: aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide, phosphine, zinc phosphide, cyanide; O.25 Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors: cyenopyrafen, cyflumetofen; O.26 Ryanodine receptor modulators: flubendiamide, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, tetraniliprole; (R)-3-chloro-N 1-{2-methyl-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl}-N 2 -(1-Methyl-2-methylsulfonylethyl)phthalamide, (S)-3-chloro-N 1 -{2-methyl-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl}-N 2-(1-Methyl-2-methylsulfonylethyl)phthalamide;Methyl-2-[3,5-dibromo-2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)benzoyl]-1,2-dimethylhydrazinecarboxylate;N-[4,6-dichloro-2-[(diethyl-lambda-4-sulfanylidene)carbamoyl]-phenyl]-2-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole-3-carboxamide;N-[4-chloro N-[4-chloro-2-[(di-2-propyl-lambda-4-sulfanilidene)carbamoyl]-6-methyl-phenyl]-2-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole-3-carboxamide;N-[4,6-dichloro-2-[(di-2-propyl-lambda-4-sulfanilidene)carbamoyl]-6-methyl-phenyl]-2-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole-3-carboxamide;N-[4,6-dichloro-2-[(di-2-propyl-lambda-4-sulfanilidene)carbamoyl]-6-methyl-phenyl]-2-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole-3-carboxamide N-[4,6-dibromo-2-[(diethyl-lambda-4-sulfanylidene)carbamoyl]-phenyl]-2-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole-3-carboxamide;N-[2-(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-4-chloro-6-methylphenyl]-3-bromo-1-(3-chloro-2-pyridyl)- 1H-Pyrazole-5-carboxamide;3-Chloro-1-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-N-[2,4-dichloro-6-[[(1-cyano-1-methylethyl)amino]carbonyl]phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide;Tetrachlorantraniliprole;N-[4-Chloro-2-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]carbonyl]-6-methylphenyl]-1-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-3-(fluoromethoxy)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide;Cyhalodiamide; O.27: Chordotonal organ modulators - target site undefined: flonicamide; O.28. Insecticidal compounds with unknown or uncertain mechanism of action: afidopiropen, afoxolaner, azadirachtin, amidoflumet, benzoximate, brofuranilide, bromopropylate, quinomethionate, cryolite, dichloromethiaz, dicofol, flufenerim, flometoquin, fluensulfone, fluhexafon, fluopyram, fluralaner, methoxadiazon, piperonyl butoxide, piflubumid, pyridalyl, thioxazaphen, 11-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)- 12-Hydroxy-1,4-dioxa-9-azadispiro[4.2.4.2]-tetradec-11-en-10-one, 3-(4'-fluoro-2,4-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one, 1-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)sulfinyl]phenyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine, Bacillus firmus firmus)I-1582;Fulpirimine;Fluazaindolizine;4-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-isoxazol-3-yl]-2-methyl-N-(1-oxothiethane-3-yl)benzamide;Fluxamethamide;5-[3-[2,6-dichloro-4-(3,3-dichloroallyloxy)phenoxy]propoxy]-1H-pyrazole;4-Cyano-N-[2-cyano-5-[[2,6-dibromo-4-[1,2,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)propoxy] 4-cyano-3-[(4-cyano-2-methyl-benzoyl)amino]-N-[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)propyl]phenyl]-2-fluoro-benzamide;N-[5-[[2-chloro-6-cyano-4-[1,2,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)propyl]phenyl]carbamoyl]-2-cyano-phenyl]-4-cyano-2-methyl-benzamide;N-[5-[[2-bromo-6-chloro-4-[2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]carbamoyl]-2-cyano-phenyl]-4-cyano-2-methyl-benzamide;N-[5-[[2-bromo-6-chloro-4-[1,2,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)propyl]phenyl]carbamoyl]-2-cyano-phenyl]-4-cyano-2-methyl-benzamide;4-cyano-N-[2-cyano-5-[[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,3,3, 3-Hexafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)propyl]phenyl]carbamoyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-benzamide;4-cyano-N-[2-cyano-5-[[2,6-dichloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]carbamoyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-benzamide;N-[5-[[2-bromo-6-chloro-4-[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]carbamoyl]-2-cyano-phenyl]-4-cyano-2-methyl-benzamide 2-(1,3-dioxan-2-yl)-6-[2-(3-pyridinyl)-5-thiazolyl]-pyridine;2-[6-[2-(5-fluoro-3-pyridinyl)-5-thiazolyl]-2-pyridinyl]-pyrimidine;2-[6-[2-(3-pyridinyl)-5-thiazolyl]-2-pyridinyl]-pyrimidine;N-Methylsulfonyl-6-[2-(3-pyridyl)thiazol-5-yl]pyridine-2-carboxamide;N-Methylsulfonyl-6-[2-(3-pyridyl)thiazol-5-yl]pyridine-2-carboxamide;1-[(6-chloro) 1-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl]-7-methyl-8-nitro-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine;1-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl]-7-methyl-8-nitro-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-5-ol;1-isopropyl-N,5-dimethyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide;1-(1,2-dimethylpropyl)-N-ethyl-5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide;N,5-Dimethyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-1-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methyl-ethyl)pyrazole-4-carboxamide;1-[1-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)ethyl]-N-ethyl-5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide;N-ethyl-1-(2-fluoro-1-methyl-propyl)-5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide;1-(1,2-dimethylpropyl)-N,5-dimethyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-pyrazo 1-(4,4-Difluorocyclohexyl)-N-ethyl-5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide;1-[1-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)ethyl]-N,5-dimethyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide;N-Methyl-1-(2-fluoro-1-methyl-propyl)-5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide;1-(4,4-Difluorocyclohexyl)-N,5-dimethyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide Din-4-yl-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(1-methylethyl)-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-imidazole-4-carboxamide;N-cyclopropyl-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-imidazole-4-carboxamide;N-cyclohexyl-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-imidazole-4-carboxamide;2-(3-pyridinyl)-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2H-imidazole-4-carboxamide;2-(3-pyridinyl)-N-[(tetrahydro-2-furanyl) Methyl]-2H-indazole-5-carboxamide;Methyl 2-[[2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazol-5-yl]carbonyl]hydrazinecarboxylate;N-[(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)methyl]-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-5-carboxamide;N-(2,2-difluoropropyl)-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-5-carboxamide;2-(3-pyridinyl)-N-(2-pyrimidinylmethyl)-2H-indazole-5-carboxamide;N-[(5-methyl-2-pyrazinyl)methyl]-2-(3-pyridinyl)-2H-indazole-5-carboxamide, cyclopyrazoflor; Salolaner, Lotilaner, N-[4-chloro-3-[[(phenylmethyl)amino]carbonyl]phenyl]-1-methyl-3-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide; 2-(3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)- 2-pyridyl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine; isocycloceram; N-[4-chloro-3-(cyclopropylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-2-methyl-5-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole-3-carboxamide; N-[4-chloro-3-[(1-cyanocyclopropyl)carbamoyl]phenyl]-2-methyl-5-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole-3-carboxamide; acinonapyr; benzpyrimoxane; tigolaner;Chloro-N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5-[1-[2-methyl-5-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-3-yl]pyrazol-4-yl]benzamide, oxazosulfil, [(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,5-dimethoxy-6-methyl-4-propoxy-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]-N-[4-[1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]phenyl]carbamate, [(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]N-[4-[1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]phenyl]carbamate, [(2S,3R,4R,5S,5 S,6S)-3,5-dimethoxy-6-methyl-4-propoxy-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]-N-[4-[1-[4-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]phenyl]carbamate, [(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]-N-[4-[ 1-[4-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]phenyl]carbamate, (2Z)-3-(2-isopropylphenyl)-2-[(E)-[4-[1-[4-(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]phenyl]methylenehydrazono]thiazolidin-4-one;2-(6-chloro-3-ethylsulfonyl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, 2-(6-bromo-3-ethylsulfonyl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, 2-(3-ethylsulfonyl-6-iodo-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5 -b]pyridine, 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, 2-(7-chloro-3-ethylsulfonyl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, 2-(3-ethylsulfonyl-7-iodo-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine 3-Ethylsulfonyl-6-iodo-2-[3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, 3-Ethylsulfonyl-6-iodo-2-[3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-yl]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8-carbonitrile, 2-[3-Ethylsulfonyl-8-fluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, 2-[3-Ethylsulfonyl-7-(trifluoro 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-7-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine, 2-(6-bromo-3-ethylsulfonyl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine; Pyrethrum extract, Icaridin, N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), p-Menthanediol (PMD), Metofluthrin, Meperfluthrin, Dimefluthrin, Permethrin, Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Heptafluthrin, d-Heptafluthrin, Tetramethrin, Imiprothrin, Saturated and / or Unsaturated Fatty Acids, d-Tetramethrin, d-Fenothrin, 1R-Transfenothrin, Transfluthrin, d-Allethrin, d-Transallethrin 75 / 25, Prallethrin, Piperonyl Butoxide and its analogues / congeners, and mixtures thereof.

[0132] Preferred insecticides include: · Chlorinated insecticides, such as camphechlor, hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, methoxychlor, pentachlorophenol, TDE, aldrin, chlordane, chlordecone, dieldrin, endosulfan, endrin, heptachlor, mirex, and mixtures thereof; Organophosphorus compounds, such as acephate, azinphos-methyl, bensulide, chlorethoxyphos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, diazinon, dichlorvos (DDVP), dicrotophos, dimethoate, disulfoton, ethoprop, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fenthion, fosthiazate, malathion, methamidophos, methidathion, methyl-parathion, mevinphos, naled, omethoate, oxydemeton-methyl, parathion, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, fostebupirim, pirimiphos-methyl, profenofos, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, tribufos, trichlorfon, and mixtures thereof; Pyrethroids, such as allethrin, bifenthrin, deltamethrin, permethrin, resmethrin, sumithrin, tetramethrin, tralomethrin, transfluthrin, and mixtures thereof; Plant toxin-derived compounds, such as derris (rotenone), pyrethrum, neem (azadirachtin), nicotine, caffeine, and mixtures thereof.

[0133] Rodenticides: Rodenticides are a type of pest control chemical intended to kill rodents. Examples of suitable rodenticides include: Anticoagulants such as difenacoum, brodifacoum, flocoumafen, bromadiolone, difethialone, warfarin, coumatetralyl, chlorophacinone, diphacinone, coumachlor, coumafuryl, and pindone; Metal phosphides; Phosphides; or Hypercalcemia, e.g. calciferol (vitamin D), cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), and ergocalciferol (vitamin D2).

[0134] Acaricides, Molluscicides, and Nematicides: Acaricides are pesticides that kill mites. Antibiotic acaricides, carbamate acaricides, formamidine acaricides, mite growth regulators, organochlorines, permethrin, and organophosphate acaricides all belong to this category. Molluscicides are pesticides used to control mollusks such as moths, slugs, and snails. These substances include metaldehyde, methiocarb, and aluminum sulfate. Nematicides are a type of chemical pesticide used to kill parasitic nematodes (a phylum of helminths). Nematicides are obtained from the seed meal of the neem tree, which is the residue of the neem seed after the oil has been extracted. The neem tree is known by several names around the world, but was first cultivated in India since ancient times.

[0135] Pesticides will usually have a water solubility of at most 10 g / l, preferably at most 5 g / l, more preferably at most 1 g / l.

[0136] The pesticide may be a solid or liquid at 20°C.

[0137] Preferred pesticides are herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.

[0138] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a herbicide.

[0139] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a fungicide.

[0140] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is an insecticide.

[0141] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a mixture of dimethenamid-P and clomazone.

[0142] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a mixture of cinmethylin and picolinafen.

[0143] Particularly preferred pesticides as active ingredients include tepraloxydim, flufenacet, napropamide, isoxaben, fluazifop-P-butyl, metamitron, propyzamide, phenmedipham, clethodim, chloridazon, dimethenamid-P, pendimethalin, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate alpha-cypermethrin, cypermethrin, clothianidin, chlorfenapyr, fipronil, dimethenamid-P, clomazone, picolinafen, metazachlor, S-methochlor, acetochlor, pendimethalin, saflufenacil, pyroxasulfone, bixlozone, pyraclostrobin, dimethenamid-P, fenpropimorph, saflufenacil, trifludimoxadine, and cinmethylin.

[0144] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is a herbicide selected from dimethenamid-P, clomazone, picolinafen, metazachlor, S. metallochlor, acetochlor, pendimethalin, saflufenacil, pyroxasulfone, bixlozone, cinmethylin, or mixtures thereof.

[0145] Particularly preferred pesticides as active ingredients include cinmethylin, pyraclostrobin, and dimethenamid-P.

[0146] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from pyrethrum extract, icaridin, N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), p-menthanediol (PMD), metofluthrin, meperfluthrin, dimefluthrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, heptafluthrin, d-heptafluthrin, tetramethrin, imiprothrin, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, d-tetramethrin, d-fenothrin, 1R-transfenothrin, transfluthrin, d-allethrin, d-transallethrin 75 / 25, prallethrin, piperonyl butoxide and analogues / congeners thereof, essential oils and components thereof, and mixtures thereof.

[0147] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is selected from pyrethrum extract, icaridin, N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), p-menthanediol (PMD), metofluthrin, meperfluthrin, dimefluthrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, heptafluthrin, d-heptafluthrin, tetramethrin, imiprothrin, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, d-tetramethrin, d-fenothrin, 1R-transfenothrin, transfluthrin, d-allethrin, d-transallethrin 75 / 25, prallethrin, piperonyl butoxide and analogues / congeners thereof, and mixtures thereof.

[0148] Typically, the microparticles of the present invention contain 1 to 95% by weight, preferably 10 to 90% by weight, more preferably 30 to 85% by weight of said one or more active ingredients.

[0149] In principle, the active ingredient can be liquid or solid at 21° C., where the solid itself can be present dissolved in the water-immiscible solvent S.

[0150] In one embodiment, the active ingredient used in the capsules according to the invention is liquid at 21°C.

[0151] In one embodiment, the active ingredient used in the capsules according to the present invention is liquid at 21° C. and is contained within the microparticles of the present invention without being dissolved in a solvent.

[0152] In one embodiment, the active ingredient used in the capsules according to the invention is liquid at 21° C. and is contained within the microparticles of the invention as a pure substance.

[0153] In one embodiment, the active ingredient is contained within the microparticles of the invention as a solution in a water-immiscible solvent S.

[0154] The active ingredient can act as the solvent or the solvent can act as the active ingredient.

[0155] The water-immiscible solvent S has a solubility in water of 1% by weight or less at 21°C, preferably 0.1% by weight or less at 21°C.

[0156] Solvent S includes the following: Medium to high boiling mineral oil fractions, such as kerosene, diesel; vegetable or animal oils; aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, paraffins, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalenes and aromatic petroleum derivatives of C8 to C11 with a boiling range of 130°C to 300°C (aromatic hydrocarbons); Vegetable oils such as coco oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, and the methyl or ethyl esters of the aforementioned oils, hydrocarbons with a flash point of 40°C to 250°C and a distillation range of 150°C to 450°C, such as deparaffinized aromatics, normal paraffins, isoparaffins, cycloparaffins, etc.; Ketones, such as acetophenone; Carbonates, such as dibutyl carbonate; Esters, for example, benzyl acetate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, butyl benzoate, benzyl lactate, 2-phenoxyethyl propionate; Lactates, e.g. 2-ethylhexyl lactate; Fatty acid esters; fatty acid; Phosphonates; Fatty acid amines; Pyrrolidones, such as N-butylpyrrolidone, N-octylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpyrrolidone, N-docetylpyrrolidone, hydroxyethylpyrrolidone; Fatty acid amides, such as N,N-dimethyloctanamide, N,N-dimethylnonanamide, N,N-dimethyldecanamide, N,N-dimethyl9-decenamide, lauryl N,N-dimethylamide, lauryl N,N-dimethylamide, and mixtures thereof.

[0157] As used herein, "C8 dimethylamide" and "N,N-dimethyloctanamide" shall be understood to mean "C8 fatty acid N,N-dimethylamide" (and similarly for other chain lengths).

[0158] As used herein, "fatty acid" is intended to denote a straight or branched carboxylic acid having a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chain.

[0159] In one embodiment, the solvent S is an oil. The phrase "oil" in the context of the present invention encompasses all kinds of oil bodies or oil components, in particular vegetable oils, such as rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, olive oil, etc., modified vegetable oils, such as alkoxylated sunflower oil or soybean oil, synthetic (tri)glycerides, such as technical mixtures of mono-, di-, and triglycerides of C6 to C22 fatty acids, fatty acid alkyl esters, such as methyl or ethyl esters of vegetable oils (Agnique® ME 18 RD-F, Agnique® ME 18 SD-F, Agnique® ME 12C-F, Agnique® ME1270, all products of BASF SE, Germany), fatty acid alkyl esters based on said C6 to C22 fatty acids, mineral oils, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the oil preferably comprises a mineral oil.

[0160] Examples illustrating the nature of suitable solvents S include, without the invention being limited to these examples: Guerbet alcohols based on fatty alcohols having 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms, esters of linear C6-C22-fatty acids with linear or branched C6-C22-fatty alcohols or esters of branched C6-C13-carboxylic acids with linear or branched C6-C22-fatty alcohols, such as myristyl myristate, myristyl palmitate, myristyl stearate, myristyl isostearate, myristyl oleate, myristyl behenate, myristyl erucate, cetyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, cetyl isostearate, cetyl oleate, cetyl behenate, cetyl erucate, stearyl myristate, stearyl palmitate, stearyl oleate, cetyl oleate, cetyl oleate, cetyl erucate, stearyl myristate, stearyl palmitate, stearyl oleate, cetyl oleate, cetyl erucate, stearyl myristate, stearyl oleate ... stearyl ester, stearyl isostearate, stearyl oleate, stearyl behenate, stearyl erucate, isostearyl myristate, isostearyl palmitate, isostearyl stearate, isostearyl isostearate, isostearyl oleate, isostearyl behenate, isostearyl oleate, oleyl myristate, oleyl palmitate, oleyl stearate, oleyl isostearate, oleyl oleate, oleyl behenate, oleyl erucate, behenyl myristate, behenyl palmitate, behenyl stearate, behenyl isostearate, behenyl oleate, behenyl behenate, behenyl erucate, erucyl myristate, erucyl palmitate, erucyl stearate, erucyl isostearate, erucyl oleate, erucyl behenate, and erucyl erucate.Also suitable are esters of linear C6-C22 fatty acids with branched alcohols, in particular 2-ethylhexanol, esters of C18-C38 alkylhydroxycarboxylic acids with linear or branched C6-C22 fatty alcohols, in particular dioctyl malate, esters of linear and / or branched fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols (such as, for example, propylene glycol, dimer diol or trimer diol) and / or gelbet alcohols, triglycerides based on C6-C10 fatty acids, liquid mono- / di- / triglyceride mixtures based on C6-C18 fatty acids, esters of C6-C22 fatty alcohols and / or gelbet alcohols with aromatic carboxylic acids, in particular benzoic acid, esters of C2-C12 dicarboxylic acids with linear or branched alcohols having 1 to 22 carbon atoms or with alcohols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 carbon atoms. hydroxyl groups, vegetable oils, branched primary alcohols, substituted cyclohexanes, linear and branched C6-C22-fatty alcohol carbonates, such as dicaprylyl carbonate (Cetiol® CC), esters with gelbet carbonates based on fatty alcohols having 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms, esters of benzoic acid with linear and / or branched C6-C22-alcohols, linear or branched, symmetrical or asymmetrical dialkyl ethers having 6 to 22 carbon atoms per alkyl group, such as dicaprylyl ether, ring-opening products of epoxidized fatty acid esters with polyols, silicone oils (cyclomethicone, silicone methicone grades, etc.), aliphatic or naphthenic hydrocarbons, such as squalane, squalene or dialkylcyclohexanes, and / or mineral oils. In one embodiment, the oil preferably comprises an aliphatic or naphthenic hydrocarbon, and / or mineral oil.

[0161] Within the context of the present invention, preferred solvents S are gelbet alcohols based on fatty alcohols having 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms, esters of linear C6-C22-fatty acids with linear or branched C6-C22-fatty alcohols or esters of branched C6-C13-carboxylic acids with linear or branched C6-C22-fatty alcohols, such as myristyl myristate, myristyl palmitate, myristyl stearate, myristyl isostearate, myristyl oleate, myristyl behenate, myristyl erucate, cetyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, cetyl isostearate, cetyl oleate, cetyl behenate, cetyl erucate, stearyl myristate, stearyl palmitate, stearyl stearate, stearyl isostearate, oleyl, stearyl oleate, stearyl behenate, stearyl erucate, isostearyl myristate, isostearyl palmitate, isostearyl stearate, isostearyl isostearate, isostearyl oleate, isostearyl behenate, isostearyl oleate, oleyl myristate, oleyl palmitate, oleyl stearate, oleyl isostearate, oleyl oleate, oleyl behenate, oleyl erucate, behenyl myristate, behenyl palmitate, behenyl stearate, behenyl isostearate, behenyl oleate, behenyl behenate, behenyl erucate, erucyl myristate, erucyl palmitate, erucyl stearate, erucyl isostearate, erucyl oleate, erucyl behenate, and erucyl erucate.

[0162] Also preferred oils are esters of linear C6-C22 fatty acids with branched alcohols, in particular 2-ethylhexanol, esters of C18-C38 alkylhydroxycarboxylic acids with linear or branched C6-C22 fatty alcohols, linear or branched C6-C22 fatty alcohols, in particular dioctyl malate, esters of linear and / or branched fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols (such as, for example, propylene glycol, dimer diol or trimer triol) and / or gelbet alcohols, triglycerides based on C6-C10 fatty acids, liquid mono- / di- / triglyceride mixtures based on C6-C18 fatty acids, esters of C6-C22 fatty alcohols and / or gelbet alcohols with aromatic carboxylic acids, in particular benzoic acid, esters of C2-C12 dicarboxylic acids with linear or branched alcohols having 1 to 22 carbon atoms or esters of C2-C12 dicarboxylic acids with linear or branched alcohols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups. Examples of suitable esters include esters with polyols containing hydroxyl groups, vegetable oils, branched primary alcohols, substituted cyclohexanes, linear and branched C6-C22-fatty alcohol carbonates, such as dicaprylyl carbonate (Cetiol® CC), gelbet carbonates based on fatty alcohols having 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms, esters of benzoic acid with linear and / or branched C6-C22-alcohols (for example Finsolv® TN), linear or branched, symmetrical or asymmetrical dialkyl ethers having 6 to 22 carbon atoms per alkyl group, such as dicaprylyl ether (Cetiol® OE), ring-opening products of epoxidized fatty acid esters with polyols, silicone oils (cyclomethicone, silicone methicone type, etc.), and / or aliphatic or naphthenic hydrocarbons, such as squalane, squalene or dialkylcyclohexanes.

[0163] Furthermore, liquid linear and / or branched and / or saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons, or any desired mixtures thereof, can be used as oils within the context of the present invention. These can be, for example, alkanes having 4 to 22, preferably 6 to 18, carbon atoms, or any desired mixtures thereof. Also suitable are unsaturated hydrocarbons having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, or unsaturated hydrocarbons with the same number of carbon atoms, and any desired mixtures of these hydrocarbons. Cyclic hydrocarbons and aromatics, such as toluene and mixtures thereof, can also be oils within the context of the present invention. In another preferred form, the oil comprises aromatics. Also suitable are silicone oils. Any desired mixtures of all the specified core materials.

[0164] Conventional oil components in cosmetics are, for example, paraffin oil, glyceryl stearate, isopropyl myristate, diisopropyl adipate, dibutyl adipate, cetylstearyl 2-ethylhexanoate, hydrogenated polyisobutene, petrolatum, caprylic / capric triglyceride, microcrystalline wax, lanolin, and stearic acid. However, this list is illustrative and not exhaustive.

[0165] Particular preference is given to those which are sparingly water-soluble or water-insoluble which are soluble or suspendable in the water-insoluble or sparingly water-soluble sol-gel precursors used to build the shell of the capsules according to the invention.

[0166] Preferred solvents S, especially for pesticides as active ingredients, include: Medium to high boiling mineral oil fractions, such as kerosene, diesel; vegetable or animal oils; aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, paraffins, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalenes and C8 to C11 aromatic petroleum derivatives (aromatic hydrocarbons) with a boiling range of 130°C to 300°C; Vegetable oils such as coco oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, and the methyl or ethyl esters of the aforementioned oils, hydrocarbons with a flash point of 40°C to 250°C and a distillation range of 150°C to 450°C, such as deparaffinized aromatics, normal paraffins, isoparaffins, cycloparaffins, etc.; Acetophenone; dibutyl carbonate; benzyl acetate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, butyl benzoate, benzyl lactate, 2-phenoxyethyl propionate; 2-ethylhexyl lactate; fatty acid esters; fatty acids; C8 to C12 fatty acid dimethylamides; and mixtures thereof.

[0167] More preferred organic solvents S include: Acetophenone; dibutyl carbonate; benzyl acetate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, butyl benzoate, benzyl lactate, 2-phenoxyethyl propionate; 2-ethylhexyl lactate; fatty acid esters; fatty acids; C8 to C12 fatty acid dimethylamides; and mixtures thereof.

[0168] Examples of C8-C12 fatty acid dimethylamides include the following, and preferred C8-C12 fatty acid dimethylamides are the following: C8 dimethylamide (N,N-dimethyloctanamide), C8 / C10 dimethylamide (a mixture of N,N-dimethyloctanamide and N,N-dimethyldecanamide), C9 dimethylamide (N,N-dimethylnonanamide or N,N-dimethylisononanamide), C10 dimethylamide (N-dimethyldecanamide or N,N-dimethyl9-decenamide), C12 dimethylamide (lauryl N,N-dimethylamide), vegetable oils such as coco oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, and corn oil, and methyl esters or ethyl esters of the aforementioned oils.

[0169] Particularly preferred organic solvents S are vegetable oils such as coconut oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, and the like, as well as the methyl or ethyl esters of the aforementioned oils, benzyl acetate, methyl benzoate, C8-C12 fatty acid dimethylamides, aromatic hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof.

[0170] Particularly preferred organic solvents S are aromatic hydrocarbons, adipates (e.g. dibutyl adipate), vegetable oils such as coco oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, and the methyl or ethyl esters of the aforementioned oils, or mixtures thereof.

[0171] In one embodiment, the core of the microparticles is formed or the present invention contains an insecticide blended with a solvent S selected from aliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbons or vegetable oils such as coco oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, and the methyl or ethyl esters of the aforementioned oils.

[0172] Besides the one or more active ingredients and, optionally, the solvent S, the microparticles of the invention, in particular the microspheres according to the invention or the cores of the microcapsules, can also contain auxiliary substances which are customarily used in the respective field of application.

[0173] The microparticles according to the invention contain at least one shell surrounding a matrix material or core containing one or more active ingredients. The core is a microcapsule or a matrix.

[0174] The matrix material or the shell, if applicable, may both be i) at least one phospholipid PL; ii) at least one sterol ST; iii) at least one polypeptide PP; iv) optionally at least one polysaccharide PS having an overall positive charge; v) optionally an inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of the components i) to iv) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; Includes.

[0175] The microparticles of the present invention are biomimetic, which means that they comprise a matrix material or shell that contains naturally occurring phospholipids and optionally sterols, or derivatives of such naturally occurring phospholipids and sterols, and optionally minerals or inorganic salts.

[0176] Typically, the microparticles of the present invention are free of microplastics and materials that form microplastics.

[0177] In one embodiment, the microparticles of the present invention are vegan, meaning that their ingredients are not derived from or derived using any animals.

[0178] Phospholipids, sometimes called phosphatides, are a type of lipid commonly known to those skilled in the art, whose molecular structure contains a hydrophilic "head" containing a phosphate group and two hydrophobic "tails" derived from fatty acids and / or fatty alcohols, which are linked by polyhydric alcohol residues (e.g., glycerol) or amino alcohols. The phosphate groups can be modified by simple polyfunctional organic molecules such as choline, ethanolamine, or serine, or by sugars (e.g., inositol).

[0179] Phospholipids in which at least a portion of the hydrophobic moiety is derived from a fatty alcohol are also called phospholipid ethers or plasmologens.

[0180] Preferably, the phospholipid contains two hydrophobic "tails" that are esters of fatty acids with polyhydric alcohol residues (e.g., glycerol) or amino alcohols. Preferred phospholipids contain two hydrophobic "tails" that are esters of fatty acids with glycerol.

[0181] Phospholipids are amphipathic.

[0182] The term "lipid" refers to a biomolecule that is highly soluble in non-polar solvents such as hydrocarbons.

[0183] As used herein, the term "phospholipid" includes naturally occurring phospholipids as well as synthetic phospholipids.

[0184] In one embodiment, the phospholipid PL is selected from glycerophospholipids (also called phosphoglycerides) and sphingophospholipids, with glycerophospholipids being preferred.

[0185] Preferred phospholipid PLs are phosphatidic acid (phosphatidate), phosphatidylethanolamine (cephalin), phosphatidylcholine (lecithin (e.g., egg yolk lecithin, asolectin, and soybean lecithin), phosphatidylserine, phosphoinositides, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol phosphate, bisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol, ceramide phosphorylcholine (sphingomyelin), ceramide phosphorylethanolamine (sphingomyelin), ceramide phosphoryl lipid, or mixtures thereof.

[0186] Asolectin is a preferred phospholipid PL and is a mixture of phospholipids commercially obtained from soybeans that contains lecithin, cephalin, and inositol phosphatides.

[0187] Natural phospholipids are typically purified, for example, from soybean, sunflower, or egg yolk, using, for example, solvent extraction and chromatographic procedures. The preferred source of phospholipids is soybean and sunflower. Synthetic phospholipids with specific polar head groups, fatty acid compositions can be produced using various synthetic routes. They can be synthesized de novo, or naturally occurring phospholipids can be derivatized, for example, by hydrogenation of double bonds or by enzymatic derivatization.

[0188] Examples of phospholipid derivatives include: Phosphatidic acid (DMPA, DPPA, DSPA), Phosphatidylcholine (DDPC, DLPC, DMPC, DPPC, DSPC, DOPC, POPC, DEPC), Phosphatidylglycerol (DMPG, DPPG, DSPG, POPG), Phosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE, DPPE, DSPE, DOPE), Phosphatidylserine (DOPS), and PEG-phospholipids (mPEG-phospholipids, polyglycerol-phospholipids, functionalized-phospholipids, terminally activated-phospholipids) Examples include:

[0189] For example, synthetic phospholipids with natural stereochemical configurations are synthesized from glycerophosphocholine (GPC), which is derived from natural phospholipids using acylation reactions and enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

[0190] In particularly preferred embodiments, the phospholipid PL is asolectin, lecithin, or a mixture thereof.

[0191] In one embodiment, the phospholipid PL is obtained from soybean, rapeseed, sunflower, avian eggs (eg, chicken eggs), bovine milk, or fish eggs.

[0192] In one embodiment, the phospholipid PL is obtained from soybean, rapeseed, or sunflower.

[0193] In one embodiment, the phospholipid PL is obtained from soybean or sunflower.

[0194] In one embodiment, the phospholipid PL is lecithin obtained from soybean or sunflower.

[0195] Specific examples of phospholipids include:

[0196] [Table 9]

[0197] [Table 10]

[0198] [Table 11]

[0199] The shell of the microparticles according to the invention, in particular the microspheres or microcapsules according to the invention, further comprises at least one sterol ST.

[0200] Sterols are compounds that contain a 3-hydroxygonane skeleton.

[0201] The sterol ST can be a plant sterol, an animal sterol, or a synthetic sterol.

[0202] In one embodiment, the sterol ST is a zoosterol.

[0203] In one embodiment, the sterol ST is a plant sterol.

[0204] In one embodiment, the sterol ST is a synthetic sterol.

[0205] In one embodiment, Sterol ST is a naturally occurring synthetic sterol.

[0206] In one embodiment, Sterol ST is prepared by extraction of plants and contains a mixture of various sterols. When a particular sterol suitable for use as Sterol ST is mentioned herein, this is intended to include mixtures of such sterol with other sterols.

[0207] In one embodiment, the sterol ST is selected from cholesterol, beta sitosterol, beta sitostanol, stigmasterol, stigmastanol, campesterol, campestanol, ergosterol, avenasterol, brassicasterol, lanosterol, soybean sterol, wood sterol, rapeseed sterol, or mixtures thereof.

[0208] In one embodiment, the sterol ST is selected from cholesterol, beta-sitosterol, ergosterol, lanosterol, soybean sterol, wood sterol, rapeseed sterol, or mixtures thereof.

[0209] In one embodiment, the sterol ST is selected from beta-sitosterol, lanosterol, soybean sterol, wood sterol, rapeseed sterol, or mixtures thereof.

[0210] In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of phospholipid PL (component i) to sterol ST (component ii) in the microparticles is preferably from 1:1 to 10:1.

[0211] The microparticles of the invention comprise at least one polypeptide PP.

[0212] The polypeptide PP is selected from an oligopeptide OP and a protein PR.

[0213] In one embodiment, the polypeptide PP is the protein PR.

[0214] In one embodiment, the polypeptide PP is an oligopeptide OP.

[0215] In one embodiment, a microparticle of the invention comprises a protein PR and an oligopeptide OP.

[0216] Protein PR as used herein is intended to mean naturally occurring proteins containing more than 12, preferably more than 15, more preferably more than 20 amino acids, hydrolysates of naturally occurring proteins, derivatives of naturally occurring ones (e.g. naturally occurring proteins in which certain amino acids have been replaced by others), synthetic proteins and protenoids containing more than 12, preferably more than 15, more preferably more than 20 amino acids.

[0217] As used herein, oligopeptide refers to a naturally occurring or synthetically prepared peptide containing 2 to 20, preferably 2 to 15, and more preferably 2 to 12 amino acids.

[0218] Proteins are polymers of amino acids that contain multiple potential anionic functional groups (such as carboxylic acid groups) and potential cationic groups (such as amino groups). Depending on the conditions, particularly pH, proteins can be globally negatively or globally positively charged. Typically, most proteins are globally negatively charged under sufficiently basic conditions (meaning high pH in aqueous media) and globally positively charged under sufficiently acidic conditions (meaning low pH in aqueous media). At the isoelectric point, a pH unique to each protein, the protein is globally neutral.

[0219] When referring to an overall negatively charged protein PR in a microcapsule, this shall be understood to mean that the protein PR is negatively charged in the shell of the microcapsule of the invention or under the conditions under which it exists in the shell or during the formation of the shell.

[0220] In one embodiment, the protein PR is a protein that is globally negatively charged at a pH above 4, preferably above 5. When the microparticles of the invention comprise a polysaccharide PS, the protein PR is preferably globally negatively charged at a pH above 4, preferably above 5.

[0221] The protein PR must be at least partially water-soluble. The protein PR must be at least partially water-soluble under the reaction conditions for preparing the microcapsules so that the microcapsules of the present invention can be obtained. The protein PR is at least partially water-soluble at 21° C. and pH 8. The protein PR is at least partially water-soluble at 21° C. and pH 8.

[0222] Typically, a protein PR has a water soluble fraction of at least 20% by weight, as measured in a 2.5% by weight mixture of said protein in water, in the absence of further components, at 21° C., pH 8. The soluble fraction can be determined by preparing a mixture containing water and 2.5% by weight of the protein, separating (e.g., by filtration), drying and determining the weight of the insoluble fraction.

[0223] The protein PR, in one embodiment, is a naturally occurring protein or is derived from a naturally occurring protein.

[0224] In a preferred embodiment, the protein PR is a vegan protein, meaning that it is not derived from or obtained using any animal.

[0225] Preferably, the protein PR is a plant-based protein.

[0226] In one embodiment, the protein PR is selected from pea protein, rice protein, wheat protein, sunflower protein, soy protein, and gelatin.

[0227] In a preferred embodiment, the protein PR is selected from pea protein, rice protein, wheat protein, sunflower protein, and soy protein.

[0228] When referring to a protein PR, this is intended to include naturally occurring proteins and hydrolysates of such proteins.

[0229] In one embodiment, the protein PR is used in its naturally occurring form.

[0230] In one embodiment, the protein PR is used as a hydrolysate or naturally occurring protein.

[0231] As used herein, a protein hydrolysate is obtained by enzymatic saponification of a protein, which results in smaller protein fragments by selective saponification of specific amide bonds in the protein.

[0232] Examples of commercially available hydrolysates of proteins suitable as protein PRs include peptones and tryptones, such as gelatin, wheat, or rice peptone.

[0233] Such hydrolysates of protein PR typically have an average molecular weight of 500-5000 g / mol, 1000-5000 g / mol, or 2000-5000 g / mol.

[0234] All average molecular weight values ​​for proteins presented herein were determined by size exclusion chromatography coupled to multi-angle light scattering (SEC-MALS) according to the method disclosed in Some, D., Amartely, H., Tsadok, A., Lebendiker, M. Characterization of Proteins by Size-Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Multi-Angle Light Scattering (SEC-MALS). J. Vis. Exp. (148), e59615, doi:10.3791 / 59615 (2019).

[0235] The oligopeptide OP used in the present invention is typically a peptide containing an average of 2 to 20, preferably 2 to 15, more preferably 2 to 12 amino acids per molecule. The oligopeptide OP can be synthetically produced, isolated from nature, or obtained by derivatization from nature. In one embodiment, the oligopeptide OP is synthetically produced. The oligopeptide OP used in the microparticles of the present invention can be globally positively charged, globally negatively charged, or globally neutral.

[0236] Examples of suitable oligopeptides OP include dipeptides, tripeptides, tetrapeptides, pentapeptides, cyclic peptides.

[0237] Examples of preferred oligopeptide OPs include glycylglycine, carnosine, anserine, homoanserine, kyotorphin, balenine, baletin, eisenin, leupeptin, melanostatin, ophthalmic acid, norophtalmic acid, biotinoyl tripeptide, tuftsin, rigin, postin, endomorphin-1, morphiceptin, gluten exorphin, tetragastin, tentoxin, lapastinel, elamipretide, palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7, enkephalin, amanitin, bacitracin, colstine, and cyclosporine.

[0238] Preferred oligopeptides OP include glycylglycine and bacitracin.

[0239] The shell of the microcapsules of the present invention optionally further comprises at least one polysaccharide PS which has an overall positive charge.

[0240] Polysaccharides are generally macromolecules containing monosaccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds. Polysaccharide PS contains multiple potentially cationic functional groups (such as amino groups). Depending on the conditions, particularly pH, polysaccharide PS can become globally positively charged. Typically, polysaccharide PS becomes globally positively charged under sufficiently acidic conditions, for example at a pH of less than 7 in aqueous media. Typically, polysaccharide PS is used for the preparation of the microcapsules of the invention at a pH of 3-6, preferably 4-5.

[0241] When reference is made to an overall positively charged polysaccharide PS within a microcapsule, this shall be understood to mean that the polysaccharide PS is positively charged within the shell of the microcapsule of the invention or under the conditions under which it exists within or during the formation of the shell.

[0242] Preferably, the polysaccharide PS contains amino groups.

[0243] Preferably, the polysaccharide PS is selected from chitosan.

[0244] The term chitin as used herein includes not only naturally occurring chitin, but also naturally occurring chitin that has undergone a degradation process, for example by NaOCl, to obtain chitin with a lower molecular weight. Similarly, the term chitosan includes chitosan obtained not only from naturally occurring chitin, but also from chitin that has undergone a degradation process. Such processes to obtain low molecular weight chitosan are disclosed, for example, in Zheng at al, "Low mass chitosan", Biore-sources 10(2), 2015, p.2338-2349. Further processes for decomposing chitosan are known to those skilled in the art, many of which rely on redox processes.

[0245] All values ​​for the average molecular weight of chitin and chitosan presented herein were determined by size exclusion chromatography according to the method set out in Zheng at al, “Low mass chi-tosan”, Bioresources 10(2), 2015, p. 2338-2349.

[0246] In one embodiment, the polysaccharide PS is selected from chitosan.

[0247] Chitosan is obtained by derivatization from chitin. Typically, chitosan is obtained by deacetylation of chitin. A common method for producing chitosan is to deacetylate chitin using sodium hydroxide in an aqueous medium. In one embodiment, the deacetylation is carried out by enzymatic catalysis using chitin deacetylase.

[0248] Preferably, the degree of deacetylation is at least 50%, preferably 70%, preferably at least 75%, more preferably at least 80%, even more preferably at least 85% or 90%. The degree of deacetylation represents the molar percentage of deacetylated acetyl groups (determined by NMR, all values ​​given herein are determined according to the NMR method described in Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 32 (2003) 1149-1158).

[0249] Typically, suitable chitosans have an average molecular weight MW of between 1 kDa and 2,000 kDa.

[0250] In one embodiment, a suitable chitosan has an average molecular weight MW of 10 kDa to 1,000 kDa.

[0251] In one embodiment, a suitable chitosan has an average molecular weight MW of 50 kDa to 800 kDa.

[0252] In one embodiment, a suitable chitosan has an average molecular weight MW of 3000 to 20,000 Da. In one embodiment, a suitable chitosan has an average molecular weight MW of 100 kDa to 200 kDa. In one embodiment, a suitable chitosan has an average molecular weight MW of 350 kDa to 1100 kDa.

[0253] In one embodiment, a suitable chitosan has a viscosity as a 20% by weight solution in acetic acid of less than 200 mPas at 20° C. (Brookfield).

[0254] In one embodiment, a suitable chitosan has a viscosity as a 20% by weight solution in acetic acid of 100 mPas or greater at 20° C. (Brookfield).

[0255] In one embodiment, the polysaccharide PS is chitosan obtained from fungi, arthropods (such as insects or crustaceans), mollusks, cephalopod beaks, or fish scales.

[0256] In one embodiment, the polysaccharide PS is chitosan obtained from fungi (eg mushrooms) or crustaceans (meaning the exoskeleton of crustaceans).

[0257] In one embodiment, the polysaccharide PS is chitosan, especially of fungal origin.

[0258] In one embodiment, the polysaccharide PS is chitosan, especially of shellfish origin.

[0259] In one embodiment, the microcapsules of the present invention contain polysaccharide PS and protein PR in amounts such that the mass ratio of protein PR to polysaccharide PS in the capsule is 1:10 to 10:1, preferably 3:1 to 1:10.

[0260] In one embodiment, the microcapsules of the invention contain an inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of the components (phospholipids PL, sterols ST, polypeptides PP, and polysaccharides PS) through the formation of non-covalent bonds.

[0261] In one embodiment, the inorganic salt IS is water-soluble, meaning that its solubility in water is greater than 10 g / l at 20°C.

[0262] In one embodiment, the water-soluble inorganic salt IS contains at least two charged moieties per molecule.

[0263] In one embodiment, the water-soluble inorganic salt IS contains at least two charged moieties per molecule, especially phosphate groups.

[0264] In one embodiment, the water-soluble inorganic salt IS is a polyphosphate.

[0265] In one embodiment, the water-soluble inorganic salt IS is a polyphosphate selected from alkali metal or ammonium polyphosphates.

[0266] In one embodiment, the inorganic salt IS is sodium hexametaphosphate.

[0267] In one embodiment, the inorganic salt IS is an inorganic salt or mineral that is water-insoluble, meaning that it has a solubility in water of less than 0.01% by weight at 20°C.

[0268] Typically, the water-insoluble inorganic salt IS is used in the form of solid phase particles, which in one embodiment have a mean particle size d50 smaller than the particle size of the microparticles.

[0269] In one preferred embodiment, the water-insoluble inorganic salt IS is a phosphate-containing inorganic salt or mineral.

[0270] Preferably, said water-insoluble inorganic salt IS is selected from hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate.

[0271] Typically, the water-insoluble inorganic salt IS is added to the formulation to provide a ratio of phospholipid PL to inorganic salt or mineral of from 1:2 to 50:1.

[0272] In one embodiment, the weight ratio of components i)+ii) to component iii) is from 100:1 to 1:10, preferably from 50:1 to 1:10.

[0273] In one embodiment, the microparticles of the present invention contain a non-ionic surfactant.

[0274] Typically, the non-ionic surfactant is present at the interface between the capsule shell and the water shell. It is also possible that some amount of surfactant is present in the capsule core and in the water phase.

[0275] Suitable nonionic surfactants include alkoxylates, N-substituted fatty acid amides, amine oxides, esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymeric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Examples of alkoxylates include compounds such as alcohols, alkylphenols, amines, amides, arylphenols, fatty acids, or fatty acid esters alkoxylated with 1 to 50 equivalents. Ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, can be used for alkoxylation. Examples of N-substituted fatty acid amides include fatty acid glucamides or fatty acid alkanolamides. Examples of esters include fatty acid esters, glycerol esters, or monoglycerides. Examples of sugar-based surfactants include sorbitan, ethoxylated sorbitan, sucrose, and glucose esters or alkyl polyglucosides. Examples of polymeric surfactants include homo- or copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl alcohol, or vinyl acetate.

[0276] Examples of nonionic surfactants include those represented by the formula (II): R'-(OB) n -OH(II) and the neutral surface-active compounds of the formula: R' is a hydrocarbon residue having 8 to 40, more preferably 12 to 30, carbon atoms and optionally one oxygen atom; B is a C2-C4-alkane-1,2-diyl, such as 1,2-ethylene, 1,2-propylene, or 1,2-butylene, or a combination thereof, more preferably 1,2-ethylene or its combination with 1,2-propylene; and n is 3 to 100, preferably 4 to 50, and more preferably 5 to 40.

[0277] Preferred nonionic surfactants include block copolymers of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO). Such block copolymers can have, for example, the structure R-(EO)x-(PO)y-(EO)z, where R is H or C4-C 30 It is an alkyl residue, and x, y, and z are independently numbers from 2 to 100.

[0278] Examples of suitable hydrocarbons R' include the groups mentioned for R. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the residue R' is a phenyl residue substituted by one C4-C18-alkyl group.

[0279] Further preferred examples or non-ionic surfactants are ethoxylates of sorbitol molecules. 30 , especially C 12 ~C 18 It is an ethoxylate of polysorbate having a terminal ester group with a fatty acid such as fatty acid.

[0280] Typically, if present, formulations containing the microparticles of the invention contain from 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight, of a non-ionic surfactant, based on the formulation.

[0281] Typically, if present, the microparticles of the invention contain from 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 3% by weight, based on the microparticle, of a non-ionic surfactant.

[0282] The shape of the microparticles according to the present invention is typically spherical or essentially spherical.

[0283] The microparticles of the present invention typically have a mean diameter d50 of 0.1-20 μm, preferably 0.5-20 μm, more preferably 0.5-10 μm or 1-10 μm, even more preferably 0.5-5 μm. In one embodiment, the microparticles of the present invention have a mean diameter d50 of 1-5 μm. All particle sizes given herein are determined by statistical laser scattering methods using a Malvern Mastersizer 2000 according to the European standard ISO 13320 EN.

[0284] Another aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising the steps of: A) providing a non-aqueous mixture containing one or more active ingredients, at least one phospholipid PL, at least one sterol ST, and optionally a non-aqueous solvent S that is not miscible with water, wherein the phospholipid PL and the sterol ST are at least partially dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent S or the one or more active ingredients; B) emulsifying the non-aqueous mixture obtained in step A) with water, assisted by stirring and optionally by a surfactant, said water containing at least partially dissolved one or more components from the group of oligopeptides OP or proteins PR and optionally one or more surfactants and / or one or more components from the group of oligopeptides OP or proteins PR are added to the aqueous mixture after emulsification so that they are at least partially dissolved in water; C) optionally providing a separate aqueous solution of at least one polysaccharide PS, said polysaccharide PS having an overall positive charge, said polysaccharide PS being at least partially dissolved in the aqueous solution; and mixing said aqueous solution from step C) with the mixture obtained after step B; D) optionally adding at least one inorganic salt IS to the mixture during or after step B or after step C, said inorganic salt IS being capable of interacting with at least one of the components added in steps A) to C) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; The present invention relates to a method for producing microparticles, comprising:

[0285] Typically, the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the present invention are microcapsules having a shell and a core, or are microspheres.

[0286] Typically, step B) is carried out such that an oil-in-water emulsion is obtained in step B).

[0287] When reference is made herein to emulsification being assisted by "agitation", this shall be understood to include all conventional mechanical means for assisting emulsification, such as stirring, use of ultrasound, shaking, etc.

[0288] In one embodiment, the inorganic salt IS is added in step C) such that the resulting mixture contains 0.001 to 5 wt. %, more preferably 0.002 to 3 wt. %, especially preferably 0.005 to 2 wt. % of said inorganic salt, based on the total mixture.

[0289] In one embodiment, before carrying out step C), the pH of the aqueous solution B) is adjusted to a value of 4 or more, preferably 5 or more, more preferably between 5 and 9.

[0290] In one embodiment, the pH of the aqueous solution C) is adjusted to a value of 7 or less, preferably 6 or less, more preferably 4-5, before carrying out step D).

[0291] By adding at least one particulate inorganic salt or mineral ISP in step E), the microparticles obtained in steps A) to D) are coated with particles of such inorganic salt or mineral.

[0292] In one embodiment, the surfactant used in step B) is a non-ionic surfactant.

[0293] It was a surprising result of the present invention that the process for producing the microparticles of the present invention, including the encapsulation step and cross-linking with inorganic salts, especially phosphate salts, can be carried out at room temperature or without the need to cool the reaction mixture.

[0294] In one embodiment, the invention relates to a microparticle comprising one or more active ingredients, said one or more active ingredients being immiscible with water, said one or more active ingredients being dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent S which is liquid (at 21° C.) or immiscible with water, The microparticles are i) at least one phospholipid PL; ii) at least one sterol ST; iii) at least one oligopeptide OP; Contains iv) optionally, at least one water-insoluble inorganic salt IS is added after step B, said water-insoluble inorganic salt IS being preferably a phosphate-containing salt or mineral having a solubility in water of less than 0.01% by weight at 21° C., Concerning microparticles.

[0295] In one embodiment, such microparticles are prepared by the following steps: A) providing a non-aqueous mixture containing one or more active ingredients, at least one phospholipid PL, at least one sterol ST, and optionally a non-aqueous solvent S that is not miscible with water, wherein the phospholipid PL and the sterol ST are at least partially dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent S or the one or more active ingredients; B) emulsifying the non-aqueous mixture obtained in step A) with water, assisted by stirring and optionally by a surfactant, said water containing at least partially dissolved one or more oligopeptides OP and / or one or more oligopeptides OP are added to the aqueous mixture after emulsification so that they are at least partially dissolved in water. A method comprising: C) optionally, at least one water-insoluble inorganic salt IS is added after step B, said water-insoluble inorganic salt IS being preferably a phosphate-containing salt or mineral having a solubility in water of less than 0.01% by weight at 21° C., The method is prepared in accordance with the present invention.

[0296] The microparticles so prepared are typically microspheres or core-shell microcapsules containing the phospholipid PL, the sterol ST, and the oligopeptide OP within the shell.

[0297] In one embodiment, the invention relates to a microparticle comprising one or more active ingredients, said one or more active ingredients being immiscible with water, said one or more active ingredients being dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent S which is liquid (at 21° C.) or immiscible with water, The microparticles are i) at least one phospholipid PL; ii) at least one sterol ST; iii) at least one protein PR; iv) optionally at least one polysaccharide PS, preferably degraded chitosan, which has an overall positive charge; v) optionally an inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of the components i) to iv) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; The present invention relates to microparticles comprising:

[0298] Such microparticles are also referred to herein as protein-lipid synergy (PLS) microparticles.

[0299] In one embodiment, the PLS microparticles are prepared by the following steps: A) providing a non-aqueous mixture containing one or more active ingredients, at least one phospholipid PL, at least one sterol ST, and optionally a non-aqueous solvent S that is not miscible with water, wherein the phospholipid PL and the sterol ST are at least partially dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent S or the one or more active ingredients; B) emulsifying the non-aqueous mixture obtained in step A) with water, assisted by stirring and optionally by a surfactant, said water optionally containing at least partially dissolved one or more protein PRs, which are added to the emulsified aqueous mixture such that they are at least partially dissolved in the water; C) providing a separate aqueous solution of at least one polysaccharide PS, preferably degraded chitosan, said polysaccharide PS having an overall positive charge, said polysaccharide PS being at least partially dissolved in the aqueous solution; and mixing said aqueous solution from step C) with the mixture obtained during or after step B). D) optionally adding at least one inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of the components added in steps A) to C) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; The compound is prepared in a method comprising the steps of:

[0300] PLS microparticles typically have a core-shell structure containing protein PR and polysaccharide PS in the outer shell. In one embodiment, PLS microparticles have a double shell containing an inner shell containing phospholipid PL and sterol ST, and an outer shell containing protein PR and polysaccharide PS. In one embodiment, PLS microparticles contain a microsphere as a core containing active compound, phospholipid PL, and sterol ST in the microsphere core, and a shell containing protein PR and polysaccharide PS.

[0301] In one embodiment, the PLS microparticles are prepared by the following steps: A) providing a non-aqueous mixture containing one or more active ingredients, at least one phospholipid PL, at least one sterol ST, and optionally a non-aqueous solvent S that is not miscible with water, wherein the phospholipid PL and the sterol ST are at least partially dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent S or the one or more active ingredients; B) emulsifying the non-aqueous mixture obtained in step A) with water, assisted by stirring and optionally by a surfactant, said water containing at least partially dissolved one or more protein PRs, optionally one or more protein PRs are added to the aqueous mixture after emulsification so as to be at least partially dissolved in water; C) optionally providing a separate aqueous solution of at least one polysaccharide PS, preferably degraded chitosan, said polysaccharide PS having an overall positive charge, said polysaccharide PS being at least partially dissolved in the aqueous solution; and mixing said aqueous solution from step C) with the mixture obtained during or after step B). D) optionally adding during or after stage B or C at least one inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of the components in steps A) to C) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; The compound is prepared in a method comprising the steps of:

[0302] In one embodiment, the PLS microparticles are prepared by the following steps: A) providing a non-aqueous mixture containing one or more active ingredients, at least one phospholipid PL, at least one sterol ST, and optionally a non-aqueous solvent S that is not miscible with water, wherein the phospholipid PL and the sterol ST are at least partially dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent S or the one or more active ingredients; B) emulsifying the non-aqueous mixture obtained in step A) with water, assisted by stirring and optionally by a surfactant, said water containing at least partially dissolved one or more protein PRs, which are added to the emulsified aqueous mixture in such a way that they are at least partially dissolved in the water; C) optionally adding during or after step B) at least one inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of the components in steps A) to B) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; The compound is prepared in a method comprising the steps of:

[0303] In one embodiment, the PLS microparticles are typically microspheres or core-shell microcapsules containing phospholipids PL, sterols ST, proteins PR, and polysaccharides within the shell.

[0304] In one embodiment, the invention relates to a microparticle comprising one or more active ingredients, said one or more active ingredients being immiscible with water, said one or more active ingredients being dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent S which is liquid (at 21° C.) or immiscible with water, The microparticles are i) at least one phospholipid PL; ii) at least one sterol ST; iii) at least one protein PR; Contains iv) optionally, at least one water-insoluble inorganic salt IS is added after step B, said water-insoluble inorganic salt IS being preferably a phosphate-containing salt or mineral having a solubility in water of less than 0.01% by weight at 21° C., Concerning microparticles.

[0305] Such microparticles are also referred to herein as protein lipid emulsion (PLE) microparticles.

[0306] In one embodiment, PLE microparticles can be prepared by the following steps: A) providing a non-aqueous mixture containing one or more active ingredients, at least one phospholipid PL, at least one sterol ST, and optionally a non-aqueous solvent S that is not miscible with water, wherein the phospholipid PL and the sterol ST are at least partially dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent S or the one or more active ingredients; B) emulsifying the non-aqueous mixture obtained in step A) with water, assisted by stirring and optionally by a surfactant, said water containing at least partially dissolved one or more protein PRs and / or one or more protein PRs are added to the aqueous mixture after emulsification so as to be at least partially dissolved in water; C) optionally adding at least one water-insoluble inorganic salt IS after step B, said water-insoluble inorganic salt IS being preferably a phosphate-containing salt or mineral having a solubility in water of less than 0.01% by weight at 21° C.; The compound is prepared in a method comprising the steps of:

[0307] PLE microparticles are typically microspheres or core-shell microcapsules containing phospholipids PL, sterols ST, and proteins PR within the shell.

[0308] In one embodiment, the invention relates to a microparticle comprising one or more active ingredients, said one or more active ingredients being immiscible with water, said one or more active ingredients being dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent S which is liquid (at 21° C.) or immiscible with water, The microparticles are i) at least one phospholipid PL; ii) at least one sterol ST; iii) at least one protein PR; iv) optionally at least one polysaccharide PS having an overall positive charge; v) optionally at least one inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of the components i) to iv) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; The present invention relates to microparticles comprising:

[0309] Such microparticles are also referred to herein as protein lipid emulsion (PLE) microparticles.

[0310] In one embodiment, the invention relates to a microparticle comprising one or more active ingredients, said one or more active ingredients being immiscible with water, said one or more active ingredients being dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent S which is liquid (at 21° C.) or immiscible with water, The microparticles are i) at least one phospholipid PL; ii) at least one sterol ST; iii) at least one protein PR that interacts with lipids; iv) at least one protein PR that interacts with the previous one; Contains v) optionally, at least one particulate inorganic salt or mineral ISP is added after step B) or C), said particulate inorganic salt or mineral ISP being preferably a phosphate-containing salt or mineral having a solubility in water of less than 0.01 wt. % at 21° C.; Concerning microparticles.

[0311] Such microparticles are also referred to herein as modified PLE microparticles.

[0312] In one embodiment, the modified PLE microparticles can be prepared by the following steps: A) providing a non-aqueous mixture containing one or more active ingredients, at least one phospholipid PL, at least one sterol ST, and optionally a non-aqueous solvent S that is not miscible with water, wherein the phospholipid PL and the sterol ST are at least partially dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent S or the one or more active ingredients; B) emulsifying the non-aqueous mixture obtained in step A) with water, assisted by stirring and optionally by a surfactant, said water containing at least partially dissolved one or more protein PRs, which are added to the emulsified aqueous mixture in such a way that they are at least partially dissolved in the water; C) optionally adding at least one inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of the components in steps A) to B) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; The compound is prepared in a method comprising the steps of:

[0313] In one embodiment, the modified PLE microparticles can be prepared by the following steps: A) providing a non-aqueous mixture containing one or more active ingredients, at least one phospholipid PL, at least one sterol ST, and optionally a non-aqueous solvent S that is not miscible with water, wherein the phospholipid PL and the sterol ST are at least partially dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent S or the one or more active ingredients; B) emulsifying the non-aqueous mixture obtained in step A) with water, assisted by stirring and optionally by a surfactant, said water containing at least partially dissolved one or more proteins PR; C) adding one or more proteins PR as an aqueous solution to the aqueous mixture obtained in step B); D) optionally adding at least one inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of the components in steps A) to C) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; The compound is prepared in a method comprising the steps of:

[0314] The modified PLE microparticles are typically microspheres or core-shell microcapsules.

[0315] In one embodiment, the modified PLE microparticles are core-shell microcapsules containing an oligopeptide OP in the shell and a phospholipid PL, a sterol ST, a protein PR, and an active compound in the core.

[0316] Another aspect of the present invention are the microparticles obtainable by the method according to the invention described above and the embodiments described.

[0317] Another aspect of the present invention are the methods according to the invention described above and the microparticles obtainable by the described embodiments.

[0318] Another aspect of the invention is a formulation comprising the microparticles of the invention or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention.

[0319] The microparticles of the present invention, or prepared according to the method of the present invention, can be converted into conventional types of pesticide composition suspensions, pastes, granules, compacts, or mixtures thereof.

[0320] In one embodiment, the microparticle-containing formulation of the invention is a liquid formulation, in which the microparticles are present as dispersed particles in a solvent (ie, a suspension), preferably an aqueous medium.

[0321] The term "aqueous medium" refers to the liquid phase of the composition and includes the aqueous solvent and optionally dissolved compounds therein, such as surfactants as described above, and, if present, one or more conventional formulation-formulated additives, such as thickeners or biocides. The aqueous solvent of the aqueous suspension is water or a mixture thereof with a water-miscible organic solvent, such as a C1-C4-alkanol, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, isobutanol or tert.butanol, a C2-C5-alkanediol, and a C3-C8-alkanetriol, preferably from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, glycerol and 1,4-butanediol. In general, the amount of water in the aqueous solvent is at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight, or at least 90% by weight, based on the aqueous solvent. The aqueous solvent may consist mainly of water, i.e. water accounts for at least 95% by weight of the total amount of solvent present in the suspension. The aqueous solvent may also be a mixture of said water-miscible organic solvent and water. In the latter case, the weight ratio of water to water-miscible organic solvent in the aqueous solvent is preferably in the range of 99:1 to 1:1; more preferably in the range of 50:1 to 3:1; most preferably in the range of 20:1 to 4:1. Expressed differently, the amount of organic solvent may be 1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 2 to 25% by weight, most preferably 5 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous solvent.

[0322] The formulations of the present invention may contain one or more additional active ingredients outside the microparticles. Such additional active ingredients may, for example, be dissolved in the solvent medium, preferably the aqueous phase, or may be present as solid particles dispersed in the solvent medium, preferably the aqueous phase.

[0323] In one embodiment, the formulation of the invention comprises 1-50% by weight, preferably 5-45% by weight, more preferably 10-40% by weight, of said one or more active ingredients, based on the formulation. If present, the concentration of surfactant in the aqueous suspension is often in the range of 0.01-10% by weight, especially 0.05-5% by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous suspension of microparticles.

[0324] The aqueous composition according to the present invention may also contain a conventional formulation auxiliary. Examples of the auxiliary include those that are usually used for active ingredients in aqueous formulations, such as viscosity adjusting additives (thickeners), antifoaming agents, preservatives, buffers, inorganic dispersants, solid carriers or fillers, surfactants, dispersants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, adjuvants, solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, adhesives, moisturizing agents, repellents, attractants, feeding promoters, compatibilizers, bactericides, antifreeze agents, antifoaming agents, colorants, tackifiers, and binders.

[0325] The amount of auxiliary agents typically does not exceed 10% by weight, in particular 5% by weight, of the total weight of the formulation.

[0326] Such auxiliary agents may be incorporated into the aqueous suspension during or after the formation of the microparticles described herein. The amount of additives generally does not exceed 10% by weight, in particular 5% by weight, of the total weight of the formulation.

[0327] Suitable inorganic dispersants, also called anticaking agents, for preventing aggregation of the microparticles are silica (e.g. Sipernat® 22 from Degussa, etc.), alumina, calcium carbonate, etc. In the context of the present invention, silica is the preferred inorganic dispersant. The concentration of inorganic dispersants in the final suspension generally does not exceed 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the final suspension, and if present, is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 2% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 1.5% by weight, especially 0.1 to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the final formulation.

[0328] Suitable thickeners include compounds that can affect the flow behavior of suspension concentrates and help stabilize the aqueous suspension of microparticles against caking.In this regard, mention may be made, for example, of commercially available thickeners based on polysaccharides, such as methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose (Klucel® grades), xanthan gum (for example, available as Kelzan® grades from Kelco or Rhodopol® grades from Rhodia), synthetic polymers, such as acrylic acid polymers (Carbopol® grades), polyvinyl alcohol (for example, Mowiol® and Poval® grades from Kuraray), or polyvinylpyrrolone, silicic acid, or phyllosilicates, such as montmorillonite and bentonite, which may be hydrophobized (available as Attaclay® grades and Attaflow® grades from BASF SE; or as Veegum® grades and Van Gel® grades from RT Vanderbilt). In the context of the present invention, xanthan gum is a preferred thickening agent. The concentration of the thickening agent in the aqueous suspension generally does not exceed 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous suspension, and preferably ranges from 0.01 to 2% by weight, in particular from 0.02 to 1.5% by weight, and especially from 0.1 to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous suspension or the final formulation, respectively.

[0329] Suitable antifoam agents for the compositions according to the invention are, for example, silicone emulsions (such as, for example, Silicone SRE-PFL from Wacker or Rhodorsil® from Bluestar Silicones), polysiloxanes and modified polysiloxanes, including polysiloxane block polymers, such as the FoamStar® SI and FoamStar® ST products from BASF SE, long-chain alcohols, fatty acids, organofluorine compounds, and mixtures thereof.

[0330] Suitable preservatives for preventing microbial spoilage of the compositions of the present invention include formaldehyde, alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, o-phenylphenol, thiazolinones such as benzisothiazolinone, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolinone, pentachlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. Commercially available preservatives based on isothiazolinones are sold, for example, under the trademarks Proxel® (Arch Chemical), Acticide® MBS (Thor Chemie), and Kathon® MK (Rohm & Haas).

[0331] If appropriate, the formulations according to the invention, in particular the aqueous suspensions, may contain buffers to adjust the pH. Examples of buffers are alkali metal salts of weak inorganic or organic acids, such as phosphoric acid, boric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid and succinic acid.

[0332] In addition, the compositions according to the invention, in particular the aqueous suspensions, can be formulated with conventional binders, for example aqueous polymer dispersions, water-soluble resins, for example water-soluble alkyd resins, or waxes.

[0333] The composition of the present invention may also contain one or more adjuvants.Suitable adjuvants are known to those skilled in the art and include surfactants, crop oil concentrates, spreading agents, wetting agents, and penetrating agents.In another particular group of embodiments, the microparticle composition is in the form of a solid composition.Such a solid composition contains the microparticles of the present invention, optionally one or more surfactants, and optionally an inert solid carrier material.

[0334] The solid composition can be, for example, a redispersible powder, a water-dispersible granule, a wettable powder, and the like.

[0335] Solid carriers include, for example, mineral earths such as silica, silica gel, silicates, talc, kaolin, limestone, lime, chalk, boules, loess, clays, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, ground synthetic materials, fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, urea, and products of vegetable origin such as grain meals, bark meals, wood flour, and nut meals, cellulose powder, or other solid carriers.

[0336] Suitable surfactants include surface active compounds such as anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, block polymers, polyelectrolytes, and mixtures thereof. Such surfactants can be used as emulsifiers, dispersants, solubilizers, wetting agents, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, or adjuvants. Examples of surfactants are listed in McCutcheon's, Vol. 1: Emulsifiers & Detergents, McCutcheon's Directories, Glen Rock, USA, 2008 (International Ed. or North American Ed.).

[0337] Suitable anionic surfactants include alkali, alkaline earth, or ammonium salts of sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates, carboxylates, and mixtures thereof. Examples of sulfonates include alkylarylsulfonates, diphenylsulfonates, alpha-olefinsulfonates, ligninsulfonates, sulfonates of fatty acids and oils, sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols, sulfonates of alkoxylated arylphenols, sulfonates of condensed naphthalenes, sulfonates of dodecyl- and tridecylbenzenes, sulfonates of naphthalenes and alkylnaphthalenes, sulfosuccinates, or sulfosuccinamates. Examples of sulfates include sulfates of fatty acids and oils, ethoxylated alkylphenols, alcohols, ethoxylated alcohols, or fatty acid esters. Examples of phosphates include phosphoric acid esters. Examples of carboxylates include alkyl carboxylates and carboxylated alcohols or alkylphenol ethoxylates.

[0338] Suitable nonionic surfactants include alkoxylates, N-substituted fatty acid amides, amine oxides, esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymeric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Examples of alkoxylates include compounds such as alcohols, alkylphenols, amines, amides, arylphenols, fatty acids, or fatty acid esters, alkoxylated with 1 to 50 equivalents. Ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, may be used for the alkoxylation. Examples of N-substituted fatty acid amides include fatty acid glucamides or fatty acid alkanolamides. Examples of esters include fatty acid esters, glycerol esters, or monoglycerides. Examples of sugar-based surfactants include sorbitan, ethoxylated sorbitan, sucrose, and glucose esters or alkyl polyglucosides. Examples of polymeric surfactants include homo- or copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl alcohol, or vinyl acetate.

[0339] Suitable cationic surfactants include quaternary surfactants, such as quaternary ammonium compounds with one or two hydrophobic groups, or salts of long-chain primary amines. Suitable amphoteric surfactants include alkyl betaines and imidazolines. Suitable block polymers include AB or ABA type block polymers containing blocks of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, or ABC type block polymers containing alkanol, polyethylene oxide, and polypropylene oxide. Suitable polyelectrolytes include polyacids or polybases. Examples of polyacids include alkali salts of polyacrylic acid or polyacid comb polymers. Examples of polybases include polyvinylamine or polyethyleneamine.

[0340] Suitable adjuvants include compounds that have negligible or even no pesticidal activity of their own, but improve the biological performance of compound I on the target. Examples include surfactants, mineral or vegetable oils, and other adjuvants. Further examples are described in Knowles, Adjuvants and additives, Agrow Reports DS256, T&F Informa UK, 2006, chapter 5.

[0341] Suitable thickening agents include polysaccharides (eg, xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose), inorganic clays (organically modified or unmodified), polycarboxylates, and silicates.

[0342] Suitable germicides include bronopol, phenoxyethanol, and isothiazolinone derivatives, such as alkylisothiazolinones and benzisothiazolinones.

[0343] Suitable antifreeze agents include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea, and glycerin.

[0344] Suitable antifoam agents include silicones, long chain alcohols, and salts of fatty acids.

[0345] Suitable colorants (e.g., red, blue, or green) include low water-soluble pigments and water-soluble dyes. Examples include inorganic colorants (e.g., iron oxide, titanium oxide, iron hexacyanoferrate) and organic colorants (e.g., alizarin cyanine, azocyanine, and phthalocyanine colorants).

[0346] Suitable tackifiers or binders include polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyvinyl acetates, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylates, biological or synthetic waxes, and cellulose ethers.

[0347] Another aspect of the invention is the use of the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, in agrochemical applications (e.g. crop protection, agricultural non-crop applications, seed treatment), pharmaceutical applications, public health, personal care applications (e.g. cosmetic applications), textile applications, human or animal nutrition applications, chemical process applications, adhesives and sealants, paints and coatings, building and construction materials, self-repairing materials, tobacco industry, household applications.

[0348] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in crop protection.

[0349] The microparticles and formulations of the present invention containing a pesticide as an active ingredient can be applied to various cultivated plants, such as cereals, such as wheat, rye, barley, triticale, oats, or rice; beets, such as sugar beet or fodder beet; fruits, such as pome fruits, stone fruits or soft fruits, such as apple, pear, plum, peach, almond, cherry, strawberry, raspberry, blackberry, or gooseberry; legumes, such as lentil, pea, alfalfa, or soybean; oil plants, such as rapeseed, mustard, olive, sunflower, coconut, cocoa bean, castor oil plant, oil palm, nuts, or soybean; cucurbits, such as pumpkin, cucumber, or melon; fiber plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp, or jute; citrus fruits, such as orange, lemon, or thyme. It is particularly important in controlling the undesirable vegetation of numerous phytopathogenic fungi, insects or nematodes in: vegetables such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes, cucurbits or paprika; lauraceae plants such as avocado, cinnamon or camphor; energy and raw material plants such as corn, soybean, rapeseed, sugarcane or oil palm; corn; tobacco; nuts; coffee; tea; bananas; grapevines (table grapes and grape juice vines); hops; grass; sweet leaf (also called stevia); ornamental and forestry plants such as rubber plants, or flowers, shrubs, broadleaf or evergreen trees, e.g. conifers; and plant propagation material such as seeds, as well as in the crop material of these plants.

[0350] Preferred crops include peanut (Arachis hypogaea), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris spec. altissima), rapeseed (Brassica napus var. napus), kale (Brassica oleracea), lemon (Citrus limon), orange (Citrus sinensis), coffee (Coffea arabica), coffee (Coffea canephora), coffee (Coffea liberica), grass (Cynodon dactylon), soybean (Glycine max), upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), green cotton (Gossypium arboreum), Asian cotton (Gossypium herbaceum), Gossypium vitis filiforme (Gossypium vitis), and others. vitifolium, sunflower (Helianthus annuus), barley (Hordeum vulgare), walnut (Juglans regia), lentil (Lens culinaris), flax (Linum usitatissimum), tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum), apple species (Malus spec.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), olive (Olea europaea), rice (Oryza sativa), lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus), kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), pistachio (Pistacia vera), pea (Pisum sativum), almond (Prunus dulcis), sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum, rye (Secale cereale), potato (Solanum tuberosum), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor),vulgare), triticale, bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), durum wheat (Triticum durum), broad bean (Vicia faba), European grape (Vitis vinifera), and corn (Zea mays).

[0351] Particularly preferred crops include cereals, corn, soybeans, rice, rapeseed, cotton, potato, peanut, or permanent crops.

[0352] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in non-crop applications, such as home and garden, lawn and amenities.

[0353] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in seed treatment.

[0354] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in pharmaceutical applications.

[0355] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in public health applications (eg, disease control (eg, mosquito) and vector control).

[0356] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in personal care applications.

[0357] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in cosmetic applications.

[0358] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in textile applications.

[0359] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in human or animal nutritional applications.

[0360] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in chemical processing applications.

[0361] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in adhesives and sealants.

[0362] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in paints and coatings.

[0363] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in building and construction materials.

[0364] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in self-repairing materials.

[0365] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in the tobacco industry.

[0366] In one embodiment, the microparticles or formulations according to the invention, or the microparticles prepared according to the methods of the invention, are used in household applications.

[0367] Another aspect of the invention is a method for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and / or unwanted plant growth and / or unwanted attack by insects or mites and / or for regulating plant growth, by applying microparticles according to the invention, or microparticles prepared according to the method of the invention, or a formulation according to the invention, in each case containing one or more pesticides as active ingredients, to specific pests, their habitats or to plants to be protected from specific pests, to the soil and / or to undesired and / or useful plants and / or their habitats.

[0368] Another aspect of the present invention is seeds containing the microparticles of the present invention or the microparticles prepared according to the present invention, which contain, inter alia, one or more pesticides as active ingredients.

[0369] The microparticles according to the invention or the microparticles prepared according to the method of the invention or the formulations according to the invention, which in each case contain one or more pesticides as active ingredient, are in one embodiment used as part of suspoemulsions (SE), flowable concentrates (FS) and gels (GF) for the treatment of plant propagation material, in particular for the treatment of seeds. The formulations, after dilution 2-10 times, give active ingredient concentrations of 0.01-60% by weight, preferably 0.1-40% by weight, in the ready-to-use preparations. Application can be carried out before or during sowing. Methods for applying the microparticles to the plant propagation material, in particular to the seeds, include methods of dressing, coating, pelleting, dusting, immersion and inferrow application of the propagation material. Preferably, the compound I or a composition thereof is applied on the plant propagation material in such a way that germination is not induced, for example by seed dressing, pelleting, coating and dusting, respectively.

[0370] When used in plant protection, the application rates of active ingredient are, depending on the type of effect desired, between 0.001 and 2 kg per hectare, preferably between 0.005 and 2 kg per hectare, more preferably between 0.05 and 0.9 kg per hectare, in particular between 0.1 and 0.75 kg per hectare.

[0371] The treatment of plant propagation material such as seeds, for example by dusting, coating or soaking the seeds, generally requires an amount of 0.1 to 1000 g, preferably 1 to 1000 g, more preferably 1 to 100 g, most preferably 5 to 100 g of active ingredient per 100 kilograms of plant propagation material (preferably seeds).

[0372] When used to protect materials or stored products, the amount of active ingredient applied depends on the type of application area and the desired effect. Amounts customarily applied for the protection of materials are from 0.001 g to 2 kg, preferably from 0.005 g to 1 kg, of active ingredient per cubic meter of treated material.

[0373] To the microparticles or formulations containing them, various kinds of oils, wetting agents, adjuvants, fertilizers or micronutrients, and further pesticides (e.g. herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, growth regulators, antidotes) can be added as a premix or, if appropriate, not added until just before use (tank mix). These agents can be mixed with the composition according to the invention in a weight ratio of 1:100 to 100:1, preferably 1:10 to 10:1.

[0374] In crop protection applications, the user usually applies the composition according to the invention, which contains one or more pesticides as active ingredients, from a pre-dosing device, a knapsack sprayer, a spray tank, a spray plane, a drone, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or an irrigation system. Usually, the agrochemical composition is brought to the desired application concentration with water, buffer and / or further auxiliaries, thus obtaining a ready-to-use spray solution or agrochemical composition according to the invention. Usually, 20 to 2000 liters, preferably 50 to 400 liters, of the ready-to-use spray solution are applied per hectare of agriculturally useful area.

[0375] According to one embodiment, the individual components of the composition according to the invention, such as parts of a kit or parts of a binary or ternary mixture, are mixed by the user himself in a spray tank, optionally with the addition of further auxiliaries, if appropriate.

[0376] The present invention provides the following advantages:

[0377] The microparticles of the present invention are environmentally friendly.

[0378] The microparticles of the present invention contain only naturally occurring or nature-inspired polymers within the shell.

[0379] The microparticles of the present invention do not form any microplastics.

[0380] The microparticles of the present invention are readily degradable, for example under ambient conditions.

[0381] The microparticles of the present invention contain a shell that is based on natural materials.

[0382] The microparticles of the present invention are obtained without any covalent crosslinking, they do not require the use of reactive crosslinkers, and therefore have a good EHS profile and are easy to manufacture.

[0383] In many cases, the microparticles of the present invention have unique surface morphology, often with irregular and rough surfaces that are distinct from other encapsulation techniques.

[0384] The microparticles of the present invention allow for the controlled release of active ingredients. The release profile can be tailored to suit the requirements of the application.

[0385] The microparticles of the present invention can be used in a wide variety of applications, such as agricultural chemical applications (e.g., crop protection, non-crop applications, seed treatment), pharmaceutical applications, public health applications, personal care applications (e.g., cosmetic applications), textile applications, human or animal nutrition applications, chemical processing applications, adhesives and sealants, paints and coatings, building and construction materials, self-repairing materials, the tobacco industry, household applications, and the like.

[0386] The microparticles of the present invention comprising one or more pesticides exhibit high efficacy for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and / or unwanted plant growth and / or unwanted attack by insects or mites and / or for regulating plant growth.

[0387] The microparticles of the invention comprising one or more pheromones show high efficacy for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and / or unwanted plant growth and / or attack by unwanted insects or mites and / or for regulating plant growth.

[0388] The microparticles of the present invention are easy and economical to produce. They do not require complicated equipment. They can be formed at room temperature and do not require cooling or heating during preparation. They can be prepared in large quantities and the manufacturing process can be scaled up.

[0389] The microparticles and formulations of the present invention are storage stable.

[0390] The microparticles and formulations of the present invention are compatible with and can be formulated with a wide variety of other active ingredients. EXAMPLES

[0391] Particle size distribution (PSD) was determined by statistical laser scattering method using a Malvern Mastersizer 200 according to the European standard ISO 13320 EN. Data were processed according to Mie-Theory by software using the "Universal Model" provided by Malvern Instruments. Important parameters were d = 10, 50, and 90. n value.

[0392] Materials used: Phospholipid A: Soy fluid lecithin (Lecico F200, Supplier: Lecico) Phospholipid B: Asolectin (a phospholipid product purified from soybean crops containing lecithin, cephalin, inositol phospholipids, and soybean oil, with a saturated fatty acid content of approximately 24 mol%, a monounsaturated fatty acid content of approximately 14 mol%, and a polyunsaturated fatty acid content of 62 mol% (in each case, fatty acids (≥ 20 mol% phosphatidylcholine base (TLC), approximately 25 mol% phosphatidylcholine base, supplier: DC Fine Chemicals) Phospholipid C: Soybean fluid lecithin (acid value: max. 35 mg KOH / g, peroxide value: max. 10 meq / kg, viscosity at 25°C: max. 12.5 Pa.s) (Soycithin F60, supplier: Novastell) Sterol A: Vegapure® FS: beta sitosterol (supplied by BASF) Sterol B: Cholesterol (supplied by Southeast Pharmaceuticals), melting point: 148°C Sterol C: Generol® 98 RF: Refined grade natural phytosterol (rapeseed sterol) (Supplier: BASF) Sterol D: Generol 867 F: a mixture of phytosterols of pine wood origin (supplier: BASF) Sterol E: Generol 100 Prills: Hydroxysteroids (Supplier: BASF)

[0393] Surfactant A: Ethoxylated sorbitan ester based on oleic acid. It is a polyethylene sorbitol ester with a molecular weight of 1,310 Daltons calculated as 20 ethylene oxide units, 1 sorbitol, and 1 oleic acid as primary fatty acids. Viscosity at 25°C: 400-620 Pa.s; Fatty acid composition (as oleic acid): min. 58% Surfactant B Polysorbate Ethoxylate Lauryl Ester Hydroxyapatite Ignition loss: Maximum 8%; Titration (ZnSO4 0.1M): Minimum 90% Solvent A: Aromatic hydrocarbon mixture (Solvesso 200 ND) Protein A: Pea protein obtained from Nutralys® Pea Protein S85 XF from Roquette (protein content approximately 85%, loss on drying approximately 10%). Protein B: Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein from Roquette, Nutralys W (protein content approx. 85%, loss on drying approx. < 8%). Protein C: Wheat protein (Solpro 050 from Syral) with a soluble fraction of more than 95% by weight at 21° C. and pH 7 and a viscosity (Brookfield A1540 method) of 2000-12000 mPas, protein content approx. 82%, loss on drying < approx. 7% Protein D: Hydrolyzed Rice Protein from BASF, PeptAlde®, protein content >75%. Protein E: Peptone derived from gelatin, enzymatic digest (Supplier: Sigma-Aldrich)

[0394] Polypeptide A: glycylglycine Polypeptide B: Bacitracin

[0395] Polysaccharide A: Chitosan, viscosity <200 mPa.s, 1% in acetic acid (20° C. Brookfield A1540 method), degree of deacetylation (determined by NMR according to the method described in Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 32(2003), 1149-1158 in DOI 10.1016 / S0731-7085(03)00155-9): >75% (Chitosan LV from Sigma Aldrich) Polysaccharide B: Chitosan powder from Marine Hydrocolloids >90% DA; Deacetylation degree >90%

[0396] Example 1 A solution of surfactant A (7.4 g) and polypeptide A (2.46 g) in demineralized water (90.31 g, conductivity <2 mS / cm) at 25° C. is added to a solution of phospholipid A (11.1 g) and sterol D (1.23 g) in cinmethylin (37.5 g) at the same temperature. The resulting mixture is dispersed by an IKA Ultra-Turrax T50 homogenizer operating at 10,000 rpm for 3 min to obtain 150 g of product (occasional cooling is required to keep the temperature at 25° C.). The nominal content of cinmethylin is 25% by weight.

[0397] Example 2 A solution of surfactant A (7.4 g) and polypeptide A (1.84 g) in demineralized water (91.24 g, conductivity <2 mS / cm) at 25° C. is added to a solution of phospholipid A (11.1 g) and sterol D (0.92 g) in cinmethylin (37.5 g) at the same temperature. The resulting mixture is dispersed by an IKA Ultra-Turrax T50 homogenizer operating at 10,000 rpm for 3 min to obtain 150 g of product (occasional cooling is required to keep the temperature at 25° C.). The nominal content of cinmethylin was 25% by weight.

[0398] Example 3 To a suspension of surfactant A (7.4 g) and polypeptide B (2.46 g) in demineralized water (90.31 g, conductivity <2 mS / cm) at 25° C., a solution of phospholipid C (11.1 g) and sterol D (1.23 g) in cinmethylin (37.5 g) is added at the same temperature. The resulting mixture is dispersed by an IKA Ultra-Turrax T50 homogenizer operating at 10000 rpm for 3 min to obtain 150 g of product (occasional cooling is required to keep the temperature at 25° C.). The nominal content of cinmethylin was 25% by weight.

[0399] Example 4 To a suspension of surfactant A (7.4 g) and polypeptide B (1.84 g) in demi water (91.24 g, conductivity <2 mS / cm) at 25° C., a solution of phospholipid C (11.1 g) and sterol D (0.92 g) in cinmethylin (37.5 g) is added at the same temperature. The resulting mixture is dispersed by an IKA Ultra-Turrax T50 homogenizer operated at 10,000 rpm for 3 min to obtain 150 g of product (occasional cooling is required to keep the temperature at 25° C.). The nominal content of cinmethylin was 25% by weight.

[0400] Example 5 First, an oil phase consisting of 62.42 g of cinmethylin, 9.85 g of phospholipid A, and 1.97 g of sterol C was prepared by adding various ingredients in a flask. The flask was sealed and the organic phase was placed in a water bath and heated to about 50° C. under stirring to completely dissolve the ingredients to obtain a homogenous solution, which was then cooled to room temperature.

[0401] In a 500 mL beaker, 5 g of surfactant A, 3.35 g of protein C, and 94.25 g of demineralized water were added. The solution was stirred and then filtered before use. Under stirring at 23,000 rpm with an ultra-turrax T25 homogenizer, the oil phase was added to the water phase and dispersed at the same speed for 5 minutes. The temperature did not exceed 30-40°C. After stopping the emulsification, the mixture was cooled to room temperature under gentle stirring with a magnetic stirrer. 0.17 g of phenoxyethanol was added and the mixture was stirred for an additional 5 minutes. Overall, 177 g of dispersion was obtained (d 10 = 1.8 μm, d 50 = 3.5 μm, and d 90 =6.3μm).

[0402] Optical micrographs of the resulting microcapsules showed spherical microcapsules with a liquid core (synmethylin) along with a shell composed of sterol D, phospholipid A, and protein C. The capsules did not aggregate and showed an irregular surface.

[0403] Example 6 First, an oil phase consisting of 62.42 g of cinmethylin, 9.85 g of phospholipid A, and 1.97 g of sterol E was prepared in a flask by adding various ingredients. The flask was sealed and the organic phase was placed in a water bath and heated to about 50° C. under stirring to completely dissolve the ingredients to obtain a homogenous solution, which was then cooled to room temperature.

[0404] In a 500 mL beaker, 5 g of surfactant A, 3.35 g of protein C, and 94.25 g of demineralized water were added. The solution was stirred and then filtered before use. Under stirring at 23,000 rpm with an ultra-turrax T25 homogenizer, the oil phase was added to the water phase and dispersed at the same speed for 5 minutes. The temperature did not exceed 30-40°C. After stopping the emulsification, the mixture was cooled to room temperature under gentle stirring with a magnetic stirrer. 0.17 g of phenoxyethanol was added and the mixture was stirred for an additional 5 minutes. Overall, 177 g of dispersion was obtained (d 10 = 1.4 μm, d 50= 3.4 μm, and d90 = 6.6 μm).

[0405] Optical micrographs of the resulting microcapsules showed spherical microcapsules with a liquid core (sinmethylin) and a shell composed of sterol E, phospholipid A, and protein C. The capsules did not aggregate and showed irregular surfaces.

[0406] Example 7 First, an oil phase consisting of 62.42 g of cinmethylin, 9.85 g of phospholipid B, and 1.97 g of sterol D was prepared in a flask by adding various ingredients. The flask was sealed and the organic phase was placed in a water bath and heated to about 50° C. under stirring to completely dissolve the ingredients to obtain a homogenous solution, which was then cooled to room temperature.

[0407] In a 500 mL beaker, 5 g of surfactant A, 3.35 g of protein C, and 94.25 g of demineralized water were added. The solution was stirred and then filtered before use. Under stirring at 23,000 rpm with an ultra-turrax T25 homogenizer, the oil phase was added to the water phase and dispersed at the same speed for 5 minutes. The temperature did not exceed 30-40°C. After stopping the emulsification, the mixture was cooled to room temperature under gentle stirring with a magnetic stirrer. 0.17 g of phenoxyethanol was added and the mixture was stirred for an additional 5 minutes. Overall, 177 g of dispersion was obtained (d 10 = 1.2 μm, d 50 = 3.8 μm, and d 90 =8.1μm).

[0408] Optical micrographs of the resulting microcapsules showed spherical microcapsules with a liquid core (sinmethylin) and a shell composed of sterol D, phospholipid A, and protein B. The capsules did not aggregate and showed irregular surfaces.

[0409] Example 8 First, an oil phase consisting of 62.42 g of cinmethylin, 9.85 g of phospholipid B, and 1.97 g of sterol E was prepared in a flask by adding various ingredients. The flask was sealed and the organic phase was placed in a water bath and heated to about 50° C. under stirring to completely dissolve the ingredients to obtain a homogenous solution, which was then cooled to room temperature.

[0410] In a 500 mL beaker, 5 g of surfactant A, 3.35 g of protein C, and 94.25 g of demineralized water were added. The solution was stirred and then filtered before use. Under stirring at 23,000 rpm with an ultra-turrax T25 homogenizer, the oil phase was added to the water phase and dispersed at the same speed for 5 minutes. The temperature did not exceed 30-40°C. After stopping the emulsification, the mixture was cooled to room temperature under gentle stirring with a magnetic stirrer. 0.17 g of phenoxyethanol was added and the mixture was stirred for an additional 5 minutes. Overall, 177 g of dispersion was obtained (d 10 = 1.7 μm, d 50 = 4.0 μm, and d90 = 9.6 μm).

[0411] Optical micrographs of the resulting microcapsules showed fairly spherical microcapsules based on a sincmethylin core with a shell composed of sterol E, phospholipid B, and protein C. The capsules did not aggregate and showed an irregular surface.

[0412] Example 9 First, an oil phase consisting of 62.42 g of cinmethylin, 9.85 g of phospholipid A, and 1.97 g of sterol D was prepared in a flask by adding various ingredients. The flask was sealed and the organic phase was placed in a water bath and heated to about 50° C. under stirring to completely dissolve the ingredients to obtain a homogenous solution, which was then cooled to room temperature. Separately, another solution consisting of 2.46 g of protein E in 23.12 g of water was prepared. The mixture was stirred by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature until protein E was completely dissolved.

[0413] In a 500 mL beaker, 5 g of surfactant A, 3.35 g of protein C, and 94.25 g of demineralized water were added. The solution was stirred and then filtered before use. Under stirring at 23,000 rpm with an ultra-turrax T25 homogenizer, the oil phase was added to the water phase and dispersed at the same speed for 5 minutes. The temperature did not exceed 30-40°C. After stopping the emulsification, the mixture was cooled to room temperature under gentle stirring with an anchor stirrer. The protein E solution was added completely over 3 minutes. Stirring was then continued for 25 minutes. Finally, 0.2 g of phenoxyethanol was added and the mixture was stirred for an additional 5 minutes. Overall, 204 g of dispersion was obtained (d 10 = 1.4 μm, d50 = 3.5 μm, and d90 = 6.8 μm).

[0414] Optical micrographs of the resulting microcapsules showed spherical microcapsules with a liquid core (synmethylin) along with a shell composed of sterol D, phospholipid A, protein C, and protein E. The capsules did not aggregate and showed an irregular surface.

[0415] Example 10 Prior to preparing the microcapsules, a degraded chitosan solution was prepared under the following protocol: In a 250 mL beaker, 90 g water and 0.97 g aqueous hydrogen peroxide (30%) were added. The solution was mechanically stirred by a blade stirrer and 10 g polysaccharide B powder was added periodically over 1 min. Directly after the introduction was complete and still under stirring, a solution consisting of 6.62 g acetic acid, 1.5 g ascorbic acid, and 3.98 g water was added via a syringe pump over 30 min. At the time of dispensing, stirring was maintained for 15 min. The degraded reaction was then considered complete, leading to a slightly viscous brown degraded chitosan solution pH 4.67.

[0416] First, an oil phase consisting of 62.42 g of cinmethylin, 9.85 g of phospholipid A, and 1.97 g of sterol D was prepared in a flask by adding various ingredients. The flask was sealed and the organic phase was placed in a water bath and heated to about 50° C. under stirring to completely dissolve the ingredients to obtain a homogenous solution, which was then cooled to room temperature.

[0417] In a 500 mL beaker, 5 g of surfactant A, 3.35 g of protein C, and 94.29 g of demineralized water were added. The solution was stirred and then filtered for use. Under stirring at 23,000 rpm with an ultra-turrax T25 homogenizer, the oil phase was added to the water phase and dispersed at the same speed for 5 minutes. The temperature did not exceed 30-40°C. After stopping the emulsification, the mixture was cooled to room temperature under stirring at 250 rpm with an anchor stirrer. Separately, a dispersion of 3.6 g of hydroxyapatite in 20 g of water was prepared and added to the stirred microcapsule dispersion in 1 minute. After 30 minutes of stirring at room temperature, 27.81 g of the previously prepared decomposed chitosan solution was finally added by syringe pump under the same stirring conditions for 15 minutes. After completion, stirring was maintained for 30 minutes and the microcapsule dispersion was analyzed. Overall, 228 g of dispersion was obtained (d 10 = 1.5 μm, d 50 = 4.5 μm, and d 90 =10.7μm).

[0418] Optical micrographs of the resulting microcapsules showed spherical microcapsules with a liquid core (sinmethylin) and a shell composed of sterol D, phospholipid A, protein C, hydroxyapatite, and degraded polysaccharide B. The capsules did not aggregate and showed irregular surfaces.

[0419] Example 11 Prior to preparing the microcapsules, a degraded chitosan solution was prepared under the following protocol: In a 250 mL beaker, 90 g water and 0.97 g aqueous hydrogen peroxide (30%) were added. The solution was mechanically stirred by a blade stirrer and 10 g polysaccharide B powder was added periodically over 1 min. Directly after the introduction was complete and still under stirring, a solution consisting of 6.62 g acetic acid, 1.5 g ascorbic acid, and 3.98 g water was added via a syringe pump over 30 min. At the time of dispensing, stirring was maintained for 15 min. The degraded reaction was then considered complete, leading to a slightly viscous brown degraded chitosan solution pH 4.67.

[0420] First, an oil phase consisting of 62.42 g of cinmethylin, 9.85 g of phospholipid A, and 1.97 g of sterol D was prepared in a flask by adding various ingredients. The flask was sealed and the organic phase was placed in a water bath and heated to about 50° C. under stirring to completely dissolve the ingredients to obtain a homogenous solution, which was then cooled to room temperature.

[0421] In a 500 mL beaker, 5 g of surfactant A, 3.35 g of protein C, and 94.29 g of demineralized water were added. The solution was stirred and then filtered for use. Under stirring at 23,000 rpm with an ultra-turrax T25 homogenizer, the oil phase was added to the water phase and dispersed at the same speed for 5 minutes. The temperature did not exceed 30-40°C. After stopping the emulsification, the mixture was cooled to room temperature under stirring at 250 rpm with an anchor stirrer. Finally, 27.81 g of the previously prepared decomposed chitosan solution was added by syringe pump under the same stirring conditions over 15 minutes. After completion, stirring was maintained for 30 minutes and the microcapsule dispersion was analyzed. Overall, 205 g of dispersion was obtained (d 10 = 1.6 μm, d 50 = 6.4 μm, and d 90 =16.4μm).

[0422] Optical micrographs of the resulting microcapsules showed spherical microcapsules with a liquid core (sinmethylin) and a shell composed of sterol D, phospholipid A, protein C, and degraded polysaccharide B. The capsules did not aggregate and showed irregular surfaces.

[0423] Example 12 12.1: Premix preparation A solution of surfactant A (10.2 g) in demineralized water (156.3 g, electrical conductivity <2 mS / cm) at 25° C. is added to a solution of phospholipid C (30.0 g) and sterol C (6.0 g) in cinmethylin (97.5 g) at the same temperature. The resulting mixture is dispersed by an IKA Ultra-Turrax T50 homogenizer operating at 10000 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain 300.0 g of product (occasional cooling is required to keep the temperature at 25° C.). The nominal content of active ingredient is 32.5% by weight.

[0424] 12.2: Pea protein preparation (10% by weight) Pea protein was dispersed in distilled water at 10% by weight. The solution was homogenized under magnetic stirring at room temperature for at least 1 hour.

[0425] 12.3.: Preparation of degraded chitosan (9 wt%) The degradation of chitosan aims at reducing the viscosity of the solution in order to prepare a highly concentrated chitosan solution. The preparation is divided into three steps, which are described immediately below: 3.98 g water and 6.92 g acetic acid were introduced into a 50 mL beaker. 0.50 g L-ascorbic acid was added under magnetic stirring. The beaker was kept under stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature to ensure complete solubilization of L-ascorbic acid. An initial chitosan suspension preparation in 90 g distilled water and 0.32 g hydrogen peroxide (30% by weight) was introduced into a 250 mL beaker equipped with an overhead stirrer. 10 g chitosan powder was added under stirring. 11.1 g of solubilized decomposed L-ascorbic acid solution of chitosan was added dropwise into the chitosan suspension for 30 minutes. During the first 10 minutes, a large increase in viscosity was observed due to chitosan solubilization. After that, chitosan decomposition occurs and the viscosity starts to decrease. Stirring was continued for 15 minutes after the addition of the L-ascorbic acid solution. The final concentration of the decomposed chitosan solution is 9.0% by weight.

[0426] 12.4:Generation 100 g of the premix obtained in Example 12.1 was introduced into a 250 mL beaker equipped with an overhead stirrer. 19.2 g of the pea protein dispersion obtained in Example 12.2 was slowly added into the beaker. After 15 minutes of stirring, the pH was adjusted to 4.65 with 1 M NaOH. Then, 16 g of degraded chitosan obtained in Example 12.3 was added into the mixture. Stirring was continued for 90 minutes. Microparticles containing cinmethylin were obtained.

[0427] Example 13 13.1: Premix preparation A solution of surfactant A (10.2 g) in demineralized water (156.3 g, electrical conductivity <2 mS / cm) at 25° C. is added to a solution of phospholipid A (30.0 g) and sterol D (6.0 g) in cinmethylin (97.5 g) at the same temperature. The resulting mixture is dispersed by an IKA Ultra-Turrax T50 homogenizer operating at 10000 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain 300.0 g of product (occasional cooling is required to keep the temperature at 25° C.). The nominal content of active ingredient is 32.5% by weight.

[0428] 13.2: Hydrolyzed wheat protein preparation (10% by weight) Protein B was dispersed in distilled water at 10% by weight. The solution was homogenized under magnetic stirring at room temperature for at least 1 hour.

[0429] 13.3: Preparation of degraded chitosan (10 wt%) The degradation of chitosan aims at reducing the viscosity of the solution in order to prepare a highly concentrated chitosan solution. The preparation is divided into three steps, which are described immediately below: 3.98 g water and 6.92 g acetic acid were introduced into a 50 mL beaker. 0.50 g L-ascorbic acid was added under magnetic stirring. The beaker was kept under stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature to ensure complete solubilization of L-ascorbic acid. An initial chitosan suspension preparation in 90 g distilled water and 0.32 g hydrogen peroxide (30% by weight) was introduced into a 250 mL beaker equipped with an overhead stirrer. 10 g chitosan powder was added under stirring. 11.1 g of solubilized decomposed L-ascorbic acid solution of chitosan was added dropwise into the chitosan suspension for 30 minutes. During the first 10 minutes, a large increase in viscosity was observed due to chitosan solubilization. After that, chitosan decomposition occurs and the viscosity starts to decrease. Stirring was continued for 15 minutes after the addition of the L-ascorbic acid solution. The final concentration of the decomposed chitosan solution is 9.0% by weight.

[0430] 13.4:Generation 100 g of the premix obtained in Example 13.1 was introduced into a 250 mL beaker equipped with an overhead stirrer. 19.2 g of the hydrolyzed wheat protein dispersion obtained in Example 13.2 was slowly added into the beaker. After 15 minutes of stirring, the pH was adjusted to 4.65 with 5% by weight acetic acid. Then, 16 g of decomposed chitosan obtained in Example 13.3 was added into the mixture. Stirring was continued for 90 minutes. Microparticles containing cinmethylin were obtained.

[0431] Example 14 14.1: Premix preparation A solution of phospholipid A (30.0 g) and sterol D (6.0 g) in cinmethylin (97.5 g) is added to a solution of Tween 20 (10.2 g) in demineralized water (156.3 g, electrical conductivity <2 mS / cm) at 25° C. at the same temperature. The resulting mixture is dispersed by an IKA Ultra-Turrax T50 homogenizer operating at 10000 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain 300.0 g of product (occasional cooling is required to keep the temperature at 25° C.). The nominal content of active ingredient is 32.5% by weight.

[0432] 14.2: Wheat protein preparation (10% by weight) Protein C was dispersed in distilled water at 10% by weight. The solution was homogenized under magnetic stirring at room temperature for at least 1 hour.

[0433] 14.3: Degraded chitosan preparation (9 wt%) The degradation of chitosan aims at reducing the viscosity of the solution in order to prepare a highly concentrated chitosan solution. The preparation is divided into three steps, which are described immediately below: 3.98 g water and 6.92 g acetic acid were introduced into a 50 mL beaker. 0.50 g L-ascorbic acid was added under magnetic stirring. The beaker was kept under stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature to ensure complete solubilization of L-ascorbic acid. An initial chitosan suspension preparation in 90 g distilled water and 0.32 g hydrogen peroxide (30% by weight) was introduced into a 250 mL beaker equipped with an overhead stirrer. 10 g chitosan powder was added under stirring. 11.1 g of solubilized decomposed L-ascorbic acid solution of chitosan was added dropwise into the chitosan suspension for 30 minutes. During the first 10 minutes, a large increase in viscosity was observed due to chitosan solubilization. After that, chitosan decomposition occurs and the viscosity starts to decrease. Stirring was continued for 15 minutes after the addition of the L-ascorbic acid solution. The final concentration of the decomposed chitosan solution is 9.0% by weight.

[0434] 14.4:Generation 100 g of the premix obtained in Example 14.1 was introduced into a 250 mL beaker equipped with an overhead stirrer. 19.2 g of the wheat protein dispersion obtained in Example 14.2 was slowly added into the beaker. After 15 minutes of stirring, the pH was adjusted to 4.65 with 5% by weight acetic acid. Then, 16 g of degraded chitosan obtained in Example 14.3 was added into the mixture. Stirring was continued for 90 minutes. Microparticles containing cinmethylin were obtained.

[0435] Example 15 15.1: Premix preparation A solution of phospholipid C (30.0 g) and sterol C (6.0 g) in cinmethylin (97.5 g) is added to a solution of Tween 20 (10.2 g) in demineralized water (156.3 g, electrical conductivity <2 mS / cm) at 25° C. at the same temperature. The resulting mixture is dispersed by an IKA Ultra-Turrax T50 homogenizer operating at 10000 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain 300.0 g of product (occasional cooling is required to keep the temperature at 25° C.). The nominal content of active ingredient is 32.5% by weight.

[0436] 15.2: Wheat protein preparation (10% by weight) Protein C was dispersed in distilled water at 10% by weight. The solution was homogenized under magnetic stirring at room temperature for at least 1 hour.

[0437] 15.3: Degraded chitosan (9% by weight) The degradation of chitosan aims at reducing the viscosity of the solution in order to prepare a highly concentrated chitosan solution. The preparation is divided into three steps, which are described immediately below: 3.98 g water and 6.92 g acetic acid were introduced into a 50 mL beaker. 0.50 g L-ascorbic acid was added under magnetic stirring. The beaker was kept under stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature to ensure complete solubilization of L-ascorbic acid. An initial chitosan suspension preparation in 90 g distilled water and 0.32 g hydrogen peroxide (30% by weight) was introduced into a 250 mL beaker equipped with an overhead stirrer. 10 g chitosan powder was added under stirring. 11.1 g of solubilized decomposed L-ascorbic acid solution of chitosan was added dropwise into the chitosan suspension for 30 minutes. During the first 10 minutes, a large increase in viscosity was observed due to chitosan solubilization. After that, chitosan decomposition occurs and the viscosity starts to decrease. Stirring was continued for 15 minutes after the addition of the L-ascorbic acid solution. The final concentration of the decomposed chitosan solution is 9.0% by weight.

[0438] 15.4:Generation 100 g of the premix obtained in Example 15.1 was introduced into a 250 mL beaker equipped with an overhead stirrer. 19.2 g of the wheat protein dispersion obtained in Example 15.2 was slowly added into the beaker. After 15 minutes of stirring, the pH was adjusted to 4.65 with 5% acetic acid. Then, 16 g of decomposed chitosan was added into the mixture. Stirring was continued for 90 minutes. Microparticles containing cinmethylin were obtained.

Claims

1. Microparticles containing one or more active ingredients, said one or more active ingredients being immiscible with water, said one or more active ingredients being dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent S that is liquid (at 21° C.) or immiscible with water; The microparticles are i) at least one phospholipid PL; ii) at least one sterol ST; iii) at least one polypeptide PP; iv) optionally at least one polysaccharide PS with an overall positive charge; v) optionally an inorganic salt IS capable of interacting with at least one of components i) to iv) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; Contains The microparticle is a microcapsule having a shell and a core, or is a microsphere, and in the case of a microcapsule, the phospholipid PL, the sterol ST, the polypeptide PP, and the polysaccharide PS are contained within the shell of such a microcapsule.

2. 10. The microparticle of claim 1, which is free of microplastics.

3. 2. The microparticle of claim 1, wherein the phospholipid PL is selected from asolectin, soybean lecithin, and sunflower phospholipid.

4. 2. The microparticles of claim 1, wherein the sterol ST is selected from cholesterol, beta-sitosterol, beta-sitostanol, stigmasterol, stigmastanol, campesterol, campestanol, ergosterol, avenasterol, brassicasterol, lanosterol, soybean sterols, wood sterols, and rapeseed sterols.

5. The microparticle of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide PP comprises an oligopeptide OP.

6. The microparticle of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide PP comprises a protein PR.

7. 2. The microparticle of claim 1, wherein the protein PR is selected from pea protein, rice protein, wheat protein, sunflower protein, soy protein, and gelatin.

8. The microparticle of claim 1 , wherein the protein PR is used in its naturally occurring form or as a hydrolysate.

9. The microparticle of claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharide PS contains amino groups.

10. 2. The microparticles according to claim 1, wherein the polysaccharide PS is selected from chitosan, in particular chitosan from mushrooms or shellfish.

11. 2. The microparticle of claim 1, comprising an outer shell containing the protein PR and optionally the polysaccharide PS.

12. 10. The microparticle of claim 1, further comprising a non-ionic surfactant.

13. 2. The microparticle of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of component i) to component ii) is from 1:10 to 10:

1.

14. 2. The microparticle of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of components i)+ii) to component iii) is from 100:1 to 1:

10.

15. 2. The microparticle of claim 1, wherein the inorganic salt IS is an inorganic salt or mineral, and the mineral has a solubility in water of less than 0.01% by weight at 21°C.

16. 2. The microparticle of claim 1, wherein the inorganic salt or mineral IS is a phosphate-containing inorganic salt or mineral having a solubility of less than 0.01% by weight at 21°C.

17. 2. The microparticles of claim 1, wherein the particles of inorganic salt or mineral IS are selected from hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate.

18. 2. The microparticles according to claim 1, having an average diameter d50 of 0.1 to 20 μm, preferably 0.5 to 20 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 10 μm or 1 to 10 μm, and even more preferably 0.5 to 5 μm.

19. 2. Microparticles according to claim 1, containing 1 to 95% by weight, preferably 10 to 90% by weight, 15 to 85% by weight of said one or more active ingredients.

20. 10. The microparticles of claim 1, wherein the one or more active ingredients are selected from pesticides, synergists, plant health agents, repellents, biocides, phase change materials, pharmaceuticals, cosmetic ingredients (fragrances, perfumes, vitamins, essential oils, plant extracts, etc.), nutrients, food additives (vegetable oils, fish oils, vitamins, fragrances, antioxidants, essential oils, plant extracts, etc.), pheromones, and catalysts.

21. A method for producing microparticles, comprising: A) providing a non-aqueous mixture containing one or more active ingredients, at least one phospholipid PL, at least one sterol ST, and optionally a non-aqueous solvent S that is not miscible with water, wherein the phospholipid PL and the sterol ST are at least partially dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent S or the one or more active ingredients; B) emulsifying the non-aqueous mixture obtained in step A) with water, assisted by stirring and optionally by surfactants, wherein the water contains at least partially dissolved one or more components from the group of oligopeptides OP or proteins PR and / or one or more components from the group of oligopeptides OP or proteins PR are added to the aqueous mixture after emulsification in such a way that they are at least partially dissolved in water; C) optionally providing a separate aqueous solution of at least one polysaccharide PS, said polysaccharide PS having an overall positive charge, said polysaccharide PS being at least partially dissolved in said aqueous solution; and mixing said aqueous solution from step C) with that obtained in step B); D) optionally adding at least one inorganic salt IS to the mixture during or after step B or after step C, wherein the inorganic salt IS is capable of interacting with at least one of the components added in steps A) to C) via the formation of non-covalent bonds; A method for producing microparticles, comprising:

22. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein step B) is carried out so as to obtain an oil-in-water emulsion in step B).

23. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the inorganic salt IS is added in step D) so that the resulting mixture contains 0.001 to 5 wt. %, more preferably 0.002 to 3 wt. %, especially preferably 0.005 to 2 wt. % of said inorganic salt, based on the total mixture.

24. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the pH of the aqueous solution B) is adjusted to a value of 4 or more, preferably to a value of 5 or more, more preferably to a value between 5 and 9, before carrying out steps C) to E).

25. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the pH of the aqueous solution C) is adjusted to a value of 7 or less, preferably to a value of 6 or less, more preferably to a value of 4 to 5, before carrying out steps D) to E).

26. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the surfactant used in step B) is a non-ionic surfactant.

27. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein step B) is carried out so as to obtain an oil-in-water emulsion in step B).

28. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the inorganic salt is added in step D) so that the resulting mixture contains 0.001 to 5 wt. %, more preferably 0.002 to 1 wt. %, especially preferably 0.005 to 0.1 wt. % of the inorganic salt, based on the total mixture.

29. 10. A formulation comprising the microparticles of claim 1, wherein the microparticles are present as dispersed particles in an aqueous medium.

30. 30. A formulation according to claim 29, comprising 1 to 50% by weight of said one or more active ingredients, preferably 5 to 45% by weight, more preferably 10 to 40% by weight.

31. 30. Use of the microparticles of claim 1, the microparticles prepared according to claim 21, or the formulation of claim 29 in agrochemical applications (e.g., crop protection, agricultural non-crop applications, seed treatment), pharmaceutical applications, public health, personal care applications (e.g., cosmetic applications), construction applications, textile applications, human or animal nutrition applications, chemical process applications, adhesives and sealants, paints and coatings, building and construction materials, self-healing materials, tobacco industry, household applications.

32. 30. A method for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and / or unwanted plant growth and / or unwanted attack by insects or mites and / or for regulating plant growth, comprising applying microparticles according to claim 1, or microparticles prepared according to claim 21, or a formulation according to claim 29 to specific pests, their habitats, or plants to be protected from said specific pests, soil, and / or undesired and / or useful plants and / or their habitats.

33. 22. A seed coating comprising the microparticles of claim 1 or the microparticles prepared according to claim 21.