Spacer

Abstract

To realize spacers that can be used in a variety of applications.SOLUTION: A spacer 1 comprises: convex parts 10 each having a frame part S11, a plurality of column parts S12 each formed so that one end is connected to the frame part S11 and rises from the frame part S11, and a standing end connection part S13 configured to connect the other ends of the plurality of column parts S12; and flexible connection parts 20 connecting the frame parts S11 of the convex parts 10 in close proximity so that the plurality of convex parts 10 are connected. At least one of the three-dimensional convex part 10 and the elastic deformable flexible connection part 20 is configured to have a shape variable according to a part of the spacer 1. In this way, it is possible to make thickness of the spacer 1 different according to the part of the spacer 1 and to make flexibility of the spacer 1 different according to the part of the spacer 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a spacer having a space through which air can circulate inside its three-dimensional structure. [Background technology]

[0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, spacers are known that are housed inside air-conditioning clothing or air-conditioning mats to form a space inside them through which air can circulate (see, for example, Patent Document 1). As shown in Figures 9(a)(b)(c)(d), for example, this spacer has a spacer structure S including a frame-shaped portion S11, four pillar portions S12 each having one end connected to the frame-shaped portion S11 and formed to stand up from the frame-shaped portion S11, a protrusion S1 having an upright end connecting portion S13 connecting the other ends of the four pillar portions S12, and a flexible connecting portion S2 connecting the frame-shaped portions S11 of adjacent protrusions S1. A spacer having such a three-dimensional structure has flexibility allowing it to be bent both lengthwise and widthwise, and has suitable pressure resistance in the thickness direction, making it ideal for use as a spacer for circulating air in a relatively narrow space. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4067034 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in recent years, in order to expand the uses of spacers, various demands have arisen according to the variety of uses, and it has become apparent that conventional spacers are not able to fully meet these demands. Therefore, the present inventors conducted extensive research and developed a spacer that can be easily used for a variety of purposes.

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide a spacer that can be used in a variety of applications. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is: A spacer comprising: a frame-shaped portion; a protruding portion having a plurality of upright portions each having one end connected to the frame-shaped portion and formed to stand from the frame-shaped portion; and an upright end connecting portion connecting the other ends of the plurality of upright portions; and a flexible connecting portion connecting the frame-shaped portions of the protruding portions that are located close to each other so that the plurality of protruding portions are connected, At least one of the three-dimensional convex portion and the elastically deformable flexible connecting portion is configured to have a different shape depending on the portion of the spacer.

[0007] The invention described in claim 2 is the spacer described in claim 1, The flexible connection portion is characterized in that it is configured so that flexibility varies depending on the portion of the spacer.

[0008] The invention described in claim 3 is the spacer according to claim 1 or 2, The flexible connecting portion is formed in a curved shape so as to protrude toward the upright end connecting portion, and is characterized in that it has flexibility according to the curvature of the flexible connecting portion.

[0009] The invention described in claim 4 is the spacer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The flexible connecting portion has flexibility according to a cross-sectional shape in a direction intersecting the extending direction of the flexible connecting portion.

[0010] The invention described in claim 5 is the spacer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The upright portions are formed to have different lengths depending on the positions of the spacer, and the convex portions are configured to have different heights depending on the positions of the spacer.

[0011] The invention described in claim 6 is the spacer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The frame-shaped portion is formed to have different sizes depending on the portion of the spacer, and the protrusion is configured to have different sizes depending on the portion of the spacer.

[0012] The invention described in claim 7 is the spacer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, The frame-shaped portion and / or the upright end connecting portion are formed so that their planar shape differs depending on the portion of the spacer, and the convex portion is configured so that its outer shape differs depending on the portion of the spacer.

[0013] The invention described in claim 8 is the spacer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, The plurality of protrusions are arranged to form substantially concentric circles and are connected by the flexible connecting portion. Effect of the Invention

[0014] According to the present invention, a spacer is obtained that can be used in a variety of applications. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1A is a plan view showing a spacer of embodiment 1, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in the plan view. [Diagram 2] 1A is a plan view showing a spacer of embodiment 1, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in the plan view. [Diagram 3] FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a modified example of the spacer of the first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a modified example of the spacer of the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 13A is a plan view showing a spacer of a second embodiment, FIG. 13B is a perspective view showing a convex portion of the spacer, and FIG. 13C is a perspective view showing a modified example of the convex portion. [Figure 6] 5(a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line aa, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line bb, and (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line cc in FIG. 5(a). [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a state in which the spacer of the second embodiment is bent. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view (a) showing a modified example of the spacer of embodiment 2, a cross-sectional view (b) showing the spacer in a bent state, and an explanatory diagram (c) of an example of use in which the bent spacer is attached to a hat. [Figure 9] FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a side view showing a conventional spacer, and FIGS. 2C and 2D are explanatory diagrams regarding the three-dimensional structure of the spacer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the spacer according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below are subject to various technically preferable limitations for carrying out the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and illustrated examples. The spacer of this embodiment is intended to be housed inside air-conditioned clothing, air-conditioned mats, etc., in order to form a space inside the item through which air can circulate.

[0017] (Embodiment 1) The spacer 1 of this embodiment, as shown in Figures 1(a) and 1(b), for example, comprises a frame-shaped portion S11, a plurality of column portions S12 each having one end connected to the frame-shaped portion S11 and formed to stand up from the frame-shaped portion S11, and an upright end connecting portion S13 formed by connecting the other ends of the plurality of column portions S12, and a flexible connecting portion 20 connecting the frame-shaped portions S11 of the convex portions 10 that are positioned close to each other so that the convex portions 10 are connected together. The spacer 1 of the first embodiment is formed by arranging a plurality of protrusions 10 in a matrix.

[0018] The protrusion 10 of this spacer 1 has four pillars S12 as upright portions (see protrusion S1 in FIG. 9(c)). The pillar portion S12 as an upright portion is formed so as to be inclined toward the central axis of the protrusion 10 as it approaches the upright end connecting portion S13 from the frame-shaped portion S11. The number of pillar portions S12 of the protrusion 10 is not limited to four, and as long as the protrusion 10 has three or more pillar portions S12, the three-dimensional shape can be favorably maintained. Moreover, the standing portion is not limited to the rod-shaped column portion S12, and may be a planar wall portion as disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1.

[0019] The frame portion S11 of the spacer 1 has a rectangular frame shape, but may be a polygonal frame portion S11 such as a triangle, pentagon, hexagon, etc. Also, the frame portion S11 may be a circle, ellipse, or the like. Furthermore, the upright end connecting portion S13 of the spacer 1 has a flat shape formed by connecting the other ends of the column portions S12, but may have a frame or ring shape formed by connecting the other ends of the column portions S12.

[0020] The flexible connecting portion 20 of the spacer 1 has a belt shape and is suspended between the frame-shaped portions S11 of the protrusions 10 so as to extend from one protrusion 10 to the other protrusion 10. By forming the flexible connecting portion 20 of the spacer 1 in a strip shape thinner than the frame-shaped portion S11, the flexible connecting portion S2 is easily bent, thereby forming a flexible spacer 1. Incidentally, the flexible connecting portion 20 can also be made to be easily bent at the flexible connecting portion S2 by forming the flexible connecting portion 20 in a rod shape thinner than the frame-shaped portion S11, and this also makes it possible to configure a spacer 1 having flexibility. The material for forming the spacer 1 may be any material that has sufficient strength to prevent the protrusions 10 from losing their three-dimensional structure, such as by being crushed. It is preferable to use a material that has a certain degree of strength but is not too hard. For example, polyethylene (PE) or a more flexible elastomer (TPE) can be used, but there is no particular limitation.

[0021] Furthermore, if the spacer 1 has a structure in which multiple protrusions 10 are connected by flexible connecting parts 20, a spacer 1 of any size can be formed by changing the number of protrusions 10 connected by the flexible connecting parts 20.

[0022] In particular, the flexible connecting portion 20 of the spacer 1 is formed to have different shapes depending on the part of the spacer 1, and the elastically deformable flexible connecting portion 20 is configured to have different flexibility depending on the part of the spacer 1. The flexible connecting portion 20 here is formed in a curved shape so as to protrude from the frame-shaped portion S11 side toward the upright end connecting portion S13 side, and has flexibility according to the curvature of the flexible connecting portion 20. 1(b), the flexible connecting parts 20 on the outer side are formed with a larger curvature than the central side in the width direction of the spacer 1, and the greater the curvature of the flexible connecting parts 20, the easier they are to bend and elastically deform. The flexible connecting parts 20 in the central row in the width direction of the spacer 1 are not curved and are flat band-shaped. In other words, the spacer 1 is formed so that the outer sides are more flexible than the central side in the width direction, and the spacer 1 can be used with greater flexibility on both sides in the width direction.

[0023] Such a spacer 1 can be suitably used for various purposes, such as a mat that is used with both sides bent, or a mat whose both sides can be easily bent.

[0024] Here, the example described is a spacer 1 in which a flexible connecting part 20 with a larger curvature is arranged on the outer side than the center in the width direction, but the spacer 1 may also be a spacer in which a flexible connecting part 20 with a larger curvature is arranged on the central side than the outer side in the width direction. Such a spacer can be suitably used for applications such as a mat that is used with the center side bent, or a mat whose center side can be easily bent and folded.

[0025] Of course, the spacer 1 may have a flexible connecting part 20 with a larger curvature arranged on the outer side than the center in the longitudinal direction, or a flexible connecting part 20 with a larger curvature arranged on the outer side in both the width direction and the longitudinal direction. Alternatively, the spacer 1 may have flexible connecting parts 20 arranged so that the curvature gradually increases from one end in the width direction (or length direction) to the other end. In this way, the order and locations of the flexible connecting parts 20 having different curvatures may be arbitrarily determined, and may be appropriately designed according to the manner in which the spacer 1 is used.

[0026] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, as shown in Figures 2(a) and (b), the convex portions 10 of the spacer 1 are formed to have different shapes depending on the parts of the spacer 1, and the three-dimensional convex portions 10 are configured to have different heights depending on the parts of the spacer 1. The protrusions 10 here are formed such that the length of the pillar portions S12, which are the upright portions, differs depending on the location of the spacer 1, and the protrusions 10 are configured such that the height differs depending on the location of the spacer 1. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2(b), the length of the column portion S12 of the outer convex portion 10 is shorter than that of the central portion in the width direction of the spacer 1, and the shorter the column portion S12 of the convex portion 10, the lower its height is. In other words, this spacer 1 is formed such that the outer convex portions 10 are lower than the convex portions 10 on the widthwise center side, and the spacer 1 can be used as a spacer 1 that is thinner on both sides in the width direction.

[0027] Such a spacer 1 can be suitably used for various purposes, such as a mat in which the thickness is thinner on both sides, or a mat in which the amount of air flow is greater on the central side in the width direction.

[0028] Note that, here, the spacer 1 is described as an example in which the protrusions 10 having a lower height are arranged on the outer side than the center in the width direction, but the spacer 1 may also be a spacer in which the protrusions 10 having a lower height are arranged on the central side than the outer sides in the width direction. Such a spacer can be suitably used for applications such as mats that are thinner towards the center, mats that are used with a recessed center, and mats that have more air circulation on both sides in the width direction.

[0029] Of course, the spacer 1 may have protrusions 10 with a lower height arranged on the outer side than the center in the longitudinal direction, or may have protrusions 10 with a lower height arranged on the outer side in both the width and length directions. Alternatively, the spacer 1 may have protrusions 10 of different heights arranged so that the thickness gradually decreases from one end in the width direction (or length direction) to the other end. In this way, the order and locations of the projections 10 having different heights may be arbitrarily determined, and may be appropriately designed according to the manner in which the spacer 1 is used.

[0030] Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the convex portion 10 of the spacer 1 is formed to have different shapes depending on the part of the spacer 1, and the three-dimensional convex portion 10 is configured to have different sizes depending on the part of the spacer 1. The protrusion 10 here is formed so that the size of the frame-shaped portion S11 varies depending on the location of the spacer 1, and the protrusion 10 is configured so that the size varies depending on the location of the spacer 1. Specifically, in FIG. 3, the frame-shaped portion S11 of the protrusion 10 on the right side in the width direction of the spacer 1 is smaller than that of the protrusion 10 on the left side, and the smaller the frame-shaped portion S11 of the protrusion 10, the smaller its size is formed. In other words, in this spacer 1, in Figure 3, the convex portion 10 on the right side in the width direction is smaller than the convex portion 10 on the left side, and the spacer 1 can be used as one in which the right side in the width direction is finely formed.

[0031] Such a spacer 1 can be suitably used for various purposes, such as a mat having a softer feel on one side in the width direction, or a mat having a higher density feel on one side in the width direction.

[0032] In addition, in this embodiment, in FIG. 3, the protrusion 10 on the right side in the width direction is formed smaller than the protrusion 10 on the left side. However, even if the protrusions 10 are of different sizes, they may be formed to have the same height. When the heights of the protrusions 10 of different sizes are to be the same, even if the sizes of the frame-shaped portions S11 are different, the lengths of the column portions S12 should be made the same. Of course, the spacer 1 may be configured by arranging protrusions 10 having a height according to the size of the frame-shaped portion S11, that is, protrusions 10 having a three-dimensional shape that is higher as the frame-shaped portion S11 is larger and lower as the frame-shaped portion S11 is smaller.

[0033] Furthermore, the flexibility of the flexible connecting portion 20 in the spacer 1 may be varied depending on the location of the spacer 1. For example, in Fig. 3, the thickness of the flexible connecting part 20 connected to the relatively large protrusion 10 can be made relatively thick, and the thickness of the flexible connecting part 20 connected to the relatively small protrusion 10 can be made relatively thin, thereby adjusting the flexibility of the flexible connecting part 20 according to the part of the spacer 1. Note that the thinner the flexible connecting part 20 is made, the easier it is to bend. In this way, the flexibility of the flexible connecting parts 20 can be adjusted according to the cross-sectional shape of the flexible connecting parts 20 (the cross-sectional shape in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the flexible connecting parts 20), such as the thickness of the flexible connecting parts 20. Of course, the flexibility of the flexible connecting portion 20 in the spacer 1 may be substantially the same regardless of the location of the spacer 1 .

[0034] Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, as shown in Figure 4, the frame-shaped portion S11 and the upright end connecting portion S13 of the convex portion 10 of the spacer 1 are formed so that their planar shapes differ depending on the part of the spacer 1, and the three-dimensional convex portion 10 is configured so that its outer shape differs depending on the part of the spacer 1. In this case, the convex portion 10 is formed so that the planar shape of the frame-shaped portions S11 and the upright end connecting portions S13 in the four rows on the left side in FIG. 4 is approximately rectangular, and the planar shape of the frame-shaped portions S11 and the upright end connecting portions S13 in the two rows on the right side in FIG. 4 is approximately circular. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the four rows of protrusions 10 on the left side of the drawing are formed to have a substantially truncated quadrangular pyramid shape, and the two rows of protrusions 10 on the right side of the drawing are formed to have a substantially truncated cone shape. In this way, even the spacer 1 in which the convex portions 10 having different outer shapes are integrally connected by the flexible connecting portions 20 can be suitably used for various applications.

[0035] Note that, here, the example has been described of a spacer 1 in which the four rows of protrusions 10 on the left side of the figure have an approximately quadrangular pyramid shape, and the two rows of protrusions 10 on the right side of the figure have an approximately circular truncated cone shape, with the protrusions 10 becoming smaller as you move to the right in the figure; however, the spacer 1 may also be one in which the two rows of protrusions 10 on the left side of the figure have an approximately circular truncated cone shape, and the four rows of protrusions 10 on the right side of the figure have an approximately quadrangular truncated cone shape, with the protrusions 10 becoming smaller as you move to the right in the figure. In this way, the order and locations of the protrusions 10 having different external shapes and sizes may be arbitrarily arranged, and may be appropriately designed according to the manner in which the spacer 1 is used.

[0036] In addition, the above description has been given of an example of a spacer formed by connecting convex portions 10 in which the frame-shaped portion S11 and the standing end connecting portion S13 are both approximately rectangular in shape, or in which the frame-shaped portion S11 and the standing end connecting portion S13 are both approximately circular in shape. However, the spacer may be formed by connecting convex portions 10 in which the frame-shaped portion S11 is approximately rectangular in shape and the standing end connecting portion S13 is approximately circular in shape, or in which the frame-shaped portion S11 is approximately circular in shape and the standing end connecting portion S13 is approximately rectangular in shape.

[0037] (Embodiment 2) Next, a spacer according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and only the different parts will be described.

[0038] The spacer 1 of this embodiment, as shown in Figures 5(a) and (b), for example, comprises a convex portion 10 having a frame-shaped portion S11, a plurality of column portions S12 each having one end connected to the frame-shaped portion S11 and formed to stand up from the frame-shaped portion S11, and an upright end connecting portion S13 formed by connecting the other ends of the plurality of column portions S12, and flexible connecting portions 20 (20a, 20b, 20c) connecting the frame-shaped portions S11 of the convex portions 10 that are positioned close to each other so that the convex portions 10 are connected together. The spacer 1 of the second embodiment has a plurality of protrusions 10 arranged to form substantially concentric circles.

[0039] As shown in Figs. 5(a) and 5(b), the protrusion 10 of the spacer 1 has an annular frame portion S11, four pillar portions S12 as upright portions, and a circular upright end connecting portion S13. As shown in FIG. 5(c), if the protrusion 10 has at least three pillars S12, the three-dimensional shape of the protrusion 10 can be favorably maintained.

[0040] As shown in Figure 5(a), this spacer 1 is configured so that six convex portions 10 are arranged around a central convex portion 10, and twelve convex portions 10 are arranged around the six convex portions 10, and these convex portions 10 are connected to form two concentric circles around the central convex portion 10.

[0041] For example, as shown in FIG. 5(a), the central protrusion 10 and the six surrounding protrusions 10 are connected by a thick, band-like flexible connecting portion 20a, the twelve protrusions 10 on the outer edge are connected by a thin, band-like flexible connecting portion 20c, and the outer edge protrusion 10 and the inner protrusion 10 are connected by a medium-thick, band-like flexible connecting portion 20b. In this way, the flexibility of the flexible connecting part 20 can be adjusted according to the cross-sectional shape of the flexible connecting part 20 (the cross-sectional shape in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the flexible connecting part 20), such as the thickness of the flexible connecting part 20. For example, the thinner the flexible connecting part 20 is, the easier it is to bend.

[0042] In particular, in this embodiment, as shown in Figures 6(a), (b), and (c), the central convex portion 10 and the six surrounding convex portions 10 are connected by a non-curved, flat, band-shaped flexible connecting portion 20a, the twelve convex portions 10 on the outer edge side are connected by a band-shaped flexible connecting portion 20c with a relatively large curvature, and the convex portion 10 on the outer edge side and the inner convex portion 10 are connected by a band-shaped flexible connecting portion 20b with a relatively small curvature. That is, in this spacer 1, the flexible connecting portion 20 on the outer edge side is formed with a larger curvature so that it is easier to bend than the center side, and the outer edge side of the spacer 1 is easier to elastically deform.

[0043] In this way, if the spacer 1 is one in which the outer edge side is more easily elastically deformed than the center side, it can be bent into a curved shape forming a substantially spherical surface, for example, as shown in FIG. Such a spacer 1 can be suitably used for various purposes, such as a mat to be placed on a seat surface that is recessed in a bowl shape.

[0044] The number of concentric circles formed by connecting the protrusions 10 is arbitrary, and may be appropriately designed depending on the manner in which the spacer 1 is used. Of course, the order and locations of the projections 10 and the flexible connecting portions 20 may be arbitrarily determined, and may be appropriately designed according to the manner in which the spacer 1 is used.

[0045] For example, as shown in FIG. 8(a), in a spacer 1 in which a plurality of convex portions 10 are arranged to form concentric circles and these convex portions 10 are connected by flexible connecting portions 20, the central convex portion 10 may be connected by a non-curved flexible connecting portion 20a, the outer convex portion 10 may be connected by a flexible connecting portion 20b having a relatively small curvature, the outer convex portion 10 may be connected by a flexible connecting portion 20c having a larger curvature than the inner flexible connecting portion 20b, and the outer edge convex portion 10 may be connected by a flexible connecting portion 20d having a larger curvature than the inner flexible connecting portion 20c. This spacer 1 also tends to be elastically deformed more easily on the outer edge side. Such a spacer 1 can be bent into a substantially hemispherical shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 8(b). The spacer 1 that can be bent into a substantially hemispherical shape in this way can be used by being attached to the inside of a hat C, for example, as shown in FIG. 8(c). A hat C equipped with such a roughly hemispherical spacer 1 can ensure a space for air to circulate between the hat C and the wearer's head, thereby preventing the wearer's head from becoming stuffy.

[0046] In the above-mentioned embodiment 2, the convex portions 10 of the spacer 1 are illustrated and described as all having the same shape, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the spacer 1 may have convex portions 10 arranged thereon that differ in size, height, external shape, etc. For example, in the case of the spacer 1 that is worn inside the hat C, the convex portion 10 located on the edge of the hat C (specifically, the convex portion 10 on the outer edge of the spacer 1) may be designed to be gradually smaller and lower than the top of the head. This makes it possible to prevent the inside of the hat C from becoming stuffy without impairing the comfort of wearing the hat C.

[0047] As described above, the spacer 1 of this embodiment can be used for various purposes by appropriately designing the shapes and arrangement patterns of the protrusions 10 and the flexible connecting parts 20. This can be achieved.

[0048] In the above embodiment, the spacer 1 is described as being molded in a flat shape and then bent for use, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the spacer 1 may be molded to have a bent shape in advance. In this case, for example, the shape and arrangement pattern of the suitable spacers to be placed inside the hat C may be designed using a three-dimensional CAD or the like to create three-dimensional data, and the spacers may be created using a 3D printer or the like based on the three-dimensional data. Alternatively, the three-dimensional data may be expanded into flat two-dimensional data to create a metal mold for molding the spacers, and the spacers molded using the metal mold may be assembled in three dimensions.

[0049] Moreover, the spacer 1 preferably has a density of 30% or less relative to the volume of the space that the spacer 1 constitutes. In addition, it is preferable that the frame-shaped portion S11 and the flexible connecting portion 20 are formed so that the area of ​​the opening where the frame-shaped portion S11 and the flexible connecting portion 20 are not formed accounts for 50% to 95% of the total spacer area of ​​the spacer surface on the side where the frame-shaped portion S11 is formed.

[0050] In addition, other specific details of the structure can of course be modified as appropriate. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 1 Spacer 10 Convex 20 Flexible connection 20a,20b,20c,20d Flexible connection part S11 Frame part S12 Column part (standing part) S13 Standing end connection part C hat

Claims

1. A spacer comprising: a frame-shaped portion; a protruding portion having a plurality of upright portions each having one end connected to the frame-shaped portion and formed to stand from the frame-shaped portion; and an upright end connecting portion connecting the other ends of the plurality of upright portions; and a flexible connecting portion connecting the frame-shaped portions of the protruding portions that are located close to each other so that the plurality of protruding portions are connected, A spacer, characterized in that at least one of the three-dimensional convex portion and the elastically deformable flexible connecting portion is configured to have a different shape depending on the portion of the spacer.

2. The spacer according to claim 1 , wherein the flexible connecting portion is configured to have different flexibility depending on the portion of the spacer.

3. 3. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the flexible connecting portion is formed in a curved shape so as to protrude toward the upright end connecting portion, and has flexibility according to the curvature of the flexible connecting portion.

4. 4. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the flexible connecting portion has flexibility according to a cross-sectional shape in a direction intersecting the extending direction of the flexible connecting portion.

5. A spacer as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the upright portions are formed to have different lengths depending on the part of the spacer, and the convex portions are configured to have different heights depending on the part of the spacer.

6. A spacer as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the frame-shaped portion is formed to have different sizes depending on the part of the spacer, and the convex portion is configured to have different sizes depending on the part of the spacer.

7. A spacer as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the frame-shaped portion and / or the upright end connecting portion are formed so that their planar shape differs depending on the part of the spacer, and the convex portion is configured so that its outer shape differs depending on the part of the spacer.

8. 8. The spacer according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions are arranged to form substantially concentric circles.

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