Apparatus for controlling transmission of wireless energy supplied to medical device

Abstract

To provide a method and an apparatus for supplying energy to a medical device (100) implanted in a patient, in which wireless energy is transmitted from an external energy source (104) located outside the patient and is received by an internal energy receiver (102) located inside the patient, for directly or indirectly supplying received energy to the medical device.SOLUTION: An energy balance is determined between energy received by an internal energy receiver and energy used for a medical device, and transmission of wireless energy is then controlled based on the determined energy balance. The energy balance thus provides an accurate indication of a correct amount of energy needed, which is sufficient to operate the medical device properly, but without causing undue temperature rise.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention generally relates to a method and method for providing wireless energy to a medical device implanted in a patient. In particular, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for transferring energy from an external energy source to an internal energy source of a patient. - Controlling the amount of energy transmitted to the receiver. [Background technology]

[0002] Medical devices that are configured to be implanted within a patient's body are typically operated by electrical power. Such medical devices are configured to assist or stimulate various bodily functions. These include electrical and mechanical stimulation members, motors, pumps, etc. Medical devices also require implanted batteries or repeated surgical procedures to deliver the required amount of power. Power can be supplied intermittently or continuously from an external energy source without the need for can be supplied.

[0003] The external energy source is placed inside the patient and connected to the medical device, which receives the energy. The wireless energy is then delivered to an implanted internal energy receiver that delivers the energy to the medical device. In this way, so-called T ET (Transcutaneous Energy Transfer) devices are known. This allows medical devices to be connected to an external energy source, such as a battery, without having to penetrate the skin. This eliminates the need for lead wires.

[0004] TET devices typically consist of an internal energy receiver implanted, preferably just beneath the patient's skin. Any amount of radio energy can be inductively generated by inducing a voltage in a secondary coil in the transmitter. The external energy source includes a primary coil configured to transmit. When positioned near the skin, adjacent to and aligned with the secondary coil, i.e. That is, the highest transmission efficiency occurs when the axis of symmetry of the primary coil is parallel to the axis of symmetry of the secondary coil. Obtained.

[0005] Typically, the amount of energy required to operate an implanted medical device varies depending on the device’s Depending on the operating characteristics, it may change over time. For example, a device may switch on and off at intervals. The switch or change of its operation provides appropriate electrical or mechanical stimulation, etc. Such a change in behavior can of course be The amount of energy required varies accordingly.

[0006] Furthermore, the location of the external energy source relative to the implanted internal energy source determines the energy The efficiency of energy transmission depends significantly on the distance and relative angle between the source and receiver. For example, when using a primary coil and a secondary coil, the coil spacing changes. When the medical device is in operation, the patient Any movement of the antenna usually changes the relative distance between the external energy source and the internal receiver, and therefore This significantly changes the transmission efficiency.

[0007] The lower the transmission efficiency, the less energy is delivered to the medical device, and the less energy the device can handle. may become insufficient to operate properly and may therefore temporarily disable the operation of the device. The device must be stopped immediately, and of course the intended medical effect of the device will be impaired. can be.

[0008] On the other hand, the relative positions of the external energy source and the internal receiver may unintentionally increase the transmission efficiency. , the energy delivered to the medical device may also increase significantly. In this situation, the implant cannot suddenly "consume" a large amount of the supplied energy. The excess unused energy can be used in some way. This would result in the generation of heat, which is highly undesirable. If excessive energy is transmitted from an external energy source to an internal energy receiver, The temperature of the implant increases, damaging the surrounding tissue and potentially impairing bodily functions. Generally, to avoid such problems, body temperature should be kept above 3°C. It is believed that this should not be the case.

[0009] Therefore, to ensure proper operation and / or to avoid overheating, It is highly desirable to deliver an appropriate amount of energy to the receiving medical device. Various methods are known for adjusting the amount of energy transmitted in response to different conditions in the plant. However, current technology to control wireless energy delivery to implanted medical devices is Available solutions are not precise enough in this regard.

[0010] For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,995,874 describes the amount of energy transferred from a primary coil. The TET is adjusted according to the measured characteristics of the secondary coil, such as the load current and the load voltage. The system disclosed herein is based on the current and voltage of the primary coil, the transmission It can be adjusted by changing the frequency or the coil dimensions. To adjust the transmission efficiency, the saturation point of the magnetic field between the coils is changed. Given the available magnetic field levels, this solution is feasible because no saturation point occurs in human tissue. In practice, this is unlikely to work. Furthermore, the alignment and / or spacing of the coils, for example, The amount of energy transmitted must be increased significantly to compensate for losses due to the change in distance. In such cases, as is well known, the significant amounts of radiation produced can cause damage to the patient, or This may be detrimental to the patient's health or cause discomfort to the patient. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0011] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent No. 5,995,874 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0012] Therefore, the amount of energy delivered to the implanted medical device can be precisely regulated to achieve optimal medical outcomes. There is a need for an effective solution to ensure that medical devices operate properly. To avoid ill health or discomfort to the patient, excessive energy that increases the temperature of the medical device must be avoided. In order to meet these requirements, it is necessary to avoid power surges and / or power transmission problems. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] Thus, wireless energy delivered to an electrically operable medical device implanted in a patient. A method is provided for controlling the transmission of wireless energy from an external The energy is delivered from the energy source and is placed inside the patient and connected to a medical device that receives it. The device is equipped with an internal energy receiver that directly or indirectly delivers the received energy to the medical device. The energy received by the internal energy receiver and the medical device are Then, the energy balance between the external energy and the energy used in the process is calculated. The transfer of energy from the source is controlled based on the calculated energy balance. .

[0014] Controlling the transmission of wireless energy delivered to electrically operable medical devices implanted in a patient An apparatus for controlling the delivery of a therapeutic agent to a patient is also provided. The apparatus is adapted to be placed inside a patient and to be connected to a medical device and to receive the therapeutic agent. An internal energy receiver that directly or indirectly supplies the received energy to a medical device. The wireless energy received by the patient is transmitted from an external energy source disposed outside the patient. The device is further configured to transmit the energy received by the internal energy receiver. Determine the energy balance between the energy and the energy used for the medical device; The wireless energy transmission from the external energy source is determined based on the calculated energy balance. The control is configured to be based on the

[0015] The method and apparatus can be implemented according to various embodiments and features as follows: do.

[0016] Wireless energy is transmitted from a primary coil in the external energy source to a secondary coil in the internal energy receiver. The change in the energy balance can be detected and the The wireless energy transmission can be controlled based on the change in the energy balance. The energy received by the internal energy receiver and the energy used by the medical device can be The difference between the energy transmitted from the It is also possible to control the transmission.

[0017] When controlling the energy transfer, the detected change in the energy balance is If the balance indicates an increase, the wireless energy transmission is reduced to If the energy balance indicates a decrease, increase the amount of wireless energy transmission. The increase or decrease in the amount of energy transmitted can also correspond to the detected rate of change. .

[0018] Furthermore, the detected energy difference is the energy received versus the energy used. If the signal indicates that the amount of wireless energy being transmitted is greater than the detection limit, the amount of wireless energy being transmitted can be reduced. The difference in energy delivered is that the energy received is less than the energy used. In this case, the amount of wireless energy transmitted may be increased if An increase or decrease in the amount of energy transmission can be made to correspond to the magnitude of the detected energy difference.

[0019] As mentioned above, the energy used in the medical device is used to operate the medical device. and / or to at least one energy storage device of the medical device. It can be accumulated.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, substantially all of the energy used in the medical device is The power is consumed (for example, by the consumption portion 200a in FIG. 2) to operate the chair. In the case of, the energy is stabilized by at least one stabilization unit of the medical device. It can be consumed later.

[0021] In other embodiments, substantially all of the energy used in the medical device is at least 1 In another embodiment, the energy storage device is used in a medical device. The energy generated is partly consumed to operate the medical device and partly consumed at least once The energy is stored in one energy storage device.

[0022] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is delivered directly to the medical device or It can be stabilized by a capacitor before being indirectly supplied.

[0023] Total energy received and consumed by the internal energy receiver and / or The difference in total energy deposition can then be measured over time, either directly or indirectly, Based on the detected change in total mass difference the energy balance can be determined.

[0024] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is delivered to the medical device. It can be stored and stabilized in an energy stabilization unit before the Based on detected changes in energy consumption and / or energy storage over time, In addition, the energy consumption and / or energy balance can be calculated. - by taking the derivative of the measured electrical parameter with respect to the amount of accumulation over time, Changes in energy consumption and / or energy storage can be detected and monitored on the spot. In this case, the derivative at the first given instant corresponds to the rate of change at the first given instant, The rate of change includes the direction and rate of change. Furthermore, the derivative is the detected It can be determined based on the rate of change.

[0025] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is converted into at least one constant voltage. The medical device can be supplied with a constant voltage by a constant voltage circuit. In this case, the energy is generated by at least one constant voltage. Both can be supplied by two different voltages.

[0026] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is converted into at least one constant voltage. A constant current can also be supplied to the medical device by a constant current circuit. In this case, the energy is generated by at least one constant current. Both can be supplied by two different currents.

[0027] The energy balance is the total energy received by the internal energy receiver and the total energy It can also be calculated based on the detected difference between the energy consumption and / or the total energy storage. In that case, the detected difference is at least It is the difference in the integral over time of one electrical parameter. In this case, the electrical parameter The values ​​of can be plotted against time as a parameter-time graph, The integral can be calculated from the size of the area under the plot. The integral of the data is the total energy received and consumed by the internal energy receiver. and / or related to energy balance as the accumulated difference between the total energy stored It is possible.

[0028] Energy storage devices in medical devices may include rechargeable batteries, accumulators, The energy stabilization unit may include at least one of a capacitor and a power supply. A small amount of accumulators, capacitors, or semiconductors configured to stabilize the energy It may contain at least one.

[0029] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is then transferred to the medical device and / or is stored and stabilized in the stabilization unit before being fed to the energy storage device, The medical device and / or the medical device are powered by at least one constant voltage maintained in a constant voltage circuit. Or the energy can be supplied to an energy storage device. In that case, a constant voltage Two different voltages, at least one of which is constant, are maintained in a circuit and applied to the medical device. and an energy storage device.

[0030] Alternatively, the energy received by the internal energy receiver may be transferred to the medical device and and / or stored and stabilized in a stabilization unit before being fed to the energy storage device. When the device is powered by the constant current circuit, the medical device is powered by at least one constant current maintained in the constant current circuit. The device may provide energy to the power source and / or the energy storage device. In this case, two different currents are maintained in a constant current circuit, at least one of which is constant, The energy can be supplied to a medical device and an energy storage device.

[0031] Wireless energy can initially be transmitted according to a given energy consumption and storage rate. In that case, the transmission of wireless energy can be turned off when a predetermined total amount of energy has been transmitted. In this case, the energy received by the internal energy receiver The device operates the medical device until a predetermined total amount of energy is consumed and / or stored. Energy is consumed to operate the device and / or stored in an energy storage device. It can also be stored and stabilized in a gas stabilization unit.

[0032] Furthermore, the wireless energy is first transmitted at a predetermined energy rate, and then the energy is stabilized. The energy that can be obtained by detecting the total energy stored in the unit Alternatively, the energy stabilization unit can be used Energy balance by detecting changes in the current energy storage In another alternative embodiment, the current Energy balance by detecting the direction and rate of change of energy storage It can be requested.

[0033] The wireless energy transmission is performed by detecting the energy reception rate at the internal energy receiver. - The consumption rate and / or accumulation rate can be controlled accordingly. Energy transmission can be turned off when a predetermined total amount of energy has been consumed .

[0034] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is first passed through the energy stabilization unit. The energy is stored and stabilized in the basin and then discharged to the medical device until a predetermined total amount of energy is consumed. It can be consumed or stored by the chair. In that case, energy stability The energy balance is calculated based on the total energy storage detected in the oxidizing unit. Alternatively, the current energy storage in the energy stabilization unit can be By detecting the change in the amount of In an embodiment, the direction of change of the current energy storage amount in the energy stabilization unit The energy balance can be calculated by detecting the rate of heat and the temperature. It is used to measure at some point the energy requirements required to operate a medical device properly. Measure certain characteristics of the medical device and / or detect the current condition of the patient, as reflected by the Therefore, the electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device can be and / or the patient's physical parameters, and then the parameters Energy can be transmitted at a transmission rate determined based on the data. Controlling the transmission of wireless energy so that the amount of energy transmitted is an amount based on the parameter. It is also possible.

[0035] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is first passed through the energy stabilization unit. The energy is stored and stabilized in a set of 100% and then dissipated until a predetermined total amount of energy is consumed. Furthermore, the energy reception rate at the internal energy receiver can be adjusted to a predetermined energy level. The transmission of wireless energy can also be controlled to correspond to the rate of energy consumption.

[0036] Furthermore, electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or Alternatively, the physical parameters of the patient are determined, and the total energy delivery is calculated based on the parameters. In that case, the energy received by the internal energy receiver can be , firstly, accumulate and stabilize in the energy stabilization unit, and then, Amounts can be stored until consumed.

[0037] Energy is stored in the energy storage device according to a predetermined storage rate. The transmission of wireless energy can be turned off when a certain total amount of energy has been stored. Furthermore, the rate of energy reception at the internal energy receiver corresponds to a predetermined accumulation rate. Thus, the transmission of wireless energy can be controlled.

[0038] The energy storage device of the medical device includes a first storage device and a second storage device. and wherein the energy received by the internal energy receiver comprises: First, the signal is stored in a first storage device, and then the signal is transferred from the first storage device to a second storage device in a subsequent stage. The pressure is supplied to the vise.

[0039] Using the first and second storage devices in the energy storage device, The balance can be determined in different ways. First, the first storage device Find the energy balance by detecting the current energy storage in Then, the storage rate in the second storage device can be calculated based on the internal energy receiver. The transmission of wireless energy can be controlled to correspond to the energy acceptance rate. Then, an energy storage device is detected based on the total energy storage amount detected in the first storage device. Third, the current energy in the first storage device can be balanced. By detecting the change in the amount of stored energy, the energy balance can be calculated. and detecting a direction and rate of change of a current amount of energy stored in the first storage device. The energy balance can be calculated by

[0040] The stabilized energy is first determined by the voltage measured on the second storage device reaching a predetermined maximum voltage. The first storage device is charged by a constant current maintained by a constant current circuit until the The second storage device is then fed with a constant current that is maintained by a constant voltage circuit. The voltage can be supplied from the first storage device to the second storage device. , turn off wireless energy transmission when a predefined minimum energy transmission rate is reached. It is possible.

[0041] The transmission of energy is further performed by an internal energy receiver. The amount of energy stored in the storage device of the second storage device can be controlled accordingly. If the energy acceptance rate at the internal energy receiver is The transfer of energy can be controlled to correspond to the rate of energy storage. The total energy received by the energy receiver is equal to the total energy received by the second storage device. The energy transfer can also be controlled to correspond to the amount of storage.

[0042] If the transmission of wireless energy is turned off when a predetermined total amount of energy has been stored, The electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or the patient The physical parameters of the subject can be determined during a first energy deposition procedure, and the subsequent energy deposition procedures can be performed using the During the energy accumulation procedure, a predetermined total amount of energy can be accumulated based on the parameters. can.

[0043] Electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or The patient's physical parameters are determined, and the energy is delivered at a deposition rate determined based on the parameters. - Energy can be stored in a storage device, depending on the parameters. The total amount of energy required can then be stored in an energy storage device. The wireless energy transmission can be automatically turned off when the amount of energy accumulated The wireless energy is transferred so that the energy reception rate at the internal energy receiver corresponds to the accumulation rate. It is also possible to control the transmission of energy.

[0044] Electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or Upon determining the physical parameters of the patient, a total energy The amount of energy can then be stored in an energy storage device. The transmission of wireless energy is controlled so that the total energy reception corresponds to the total energy deposition. In addition, the transmission of wireless energy can be controlled when the total amount of energy is stored. The transmission can be automatically turned off.

[0045] When some of the energy used in the medical device is consumed and some is stored, a given The wireless energy transmission is controlled based on the energy consumption rate of the device and a predetermined energy storage rate. In that case, a certain total amount of energy to be consumed and stored is received. The transmission of energy can be switched off when the total energy consumed and stored is When the amount of energy received is reached, the energy transmission can be turned off.

[0046] Electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or Once the patient's physical parameters are determined, a calculated time interval based on the parameters is calculated. Energy can be transmitted, consumed, and stored according to the transmission rate. The amount of delivery can also be determined based on the above parameters.

[0047] Electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or The physical parameters of the patient are determined, and the energy is delivered at a rate determined based on the parameters. Energy can be supplied from the energy storage device to the medical device for consumption. If the total energy supplied to and consumed by the medical device from the energy storage device, The amount can be based on the parameters.

[0048] Electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or Once the patient's physical parameters are known, the total energy delivered from the energy storage device to the medical device can be calculated. The total energy supply can be supplied to the device and consumed by it, in which case the total energy supply is determined by the parameter It is required based on.

[0049] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is sent to the energy stabilization unit. When the internal energy storage device accumulates and stabilizes, the accumulation rate of the internal energy storage device increases. The energy storage in the energy stabilization unit corresponds to the energy acceptance rate in the receiver. Energy balance can be calculated based on product moments.

[0050] The total amount of energy received by the internal energy receiver and the total amount of energy consumed The difference between the stored energy and / or the total stored energy is detected and the detected difference is the energy balance. is the difference with respect to the integral over time of at least one measured electrical parameter When integrating the monitored voltage and / or current with respect to the energy balance can be sought.

[0051] Measured electrical parameters related to energy consumption and / or energy storage The time derivative of the voltage and current is calculated with respect to the energy balance. Or the derivative of the current can be taken.

[0052] When using a first and a second storage device in an energy storage device, the second storage The device can deliver energy directly or indirectly to a medical device, In this case, a change in the difference corresponds to a change in the amount of energy stored in the first storage unit. In this case, the change in the rate of energy storage in the first storage device over time is detected. The energy balance can be calculated by the energy By taking the derivative of a measured electrical parameter over time, which indicates the amount of energy stored, Therefore, it is also possible to detect changes in the amount of energy stored, and the derivative of this is the energy storage It is also possible to detect the rate of change of an electrical parameter, where the derivative is the rate of change. The electrical parameters are related to the measured voltage in relation to the energy balance and / or a current.

[0053] The first storage device may include at least one of a capacitor and a semiconductor, and the second The storage device may be at least one of a rechargeable battery, an accumulator, and a capacitor. Includes 1.

[0054] As mentioned above, wireless energy is generated by transmitting internal energy from a primary coil in an external energy source. However, wireless energy can be transmitted inductively to a secondary coil in the receiver. It can also be transmitted inductively. For example, wireless energy can be transmitted by sound or pressure changes, electromagnetic waves, or other means. It can be transmitted by wires or light. Wireless energy is transmitted in pulses or waves. and / or may be transmitted by an electric field.

[0055] When wireless energy is transmitted in pulses from an external energy source to an internal energy receiver, By adjusting the width of the pulses, the transmission of wireless energy can be controlled.

[0056] The difference between the total energy received by the internal energy receiver and the total energy consumed is directly When measured indirectly over time, the energy balance is determined by detecting the change in the difference. In this case, the measured electrical parameters related to the energy consumption can be obtained. By taking the derivative of the data over time, changes in energy consumption can be detected. ,This derivative corresponds to the rate of change of energy consumption, which indicates the direction and speed of change. In this case, the rate of change of the electrical parameter can be detected and the derivative of the detected change It is related to the conversion rate.

[0057] When using a first and a second storage device in an energy storage device, the second storage device The relatively high energy loading rate compared to integrated devices allows for relatively fast The first storage device may be configured to allow for recharging. The storage device is charged more frequently on multiple individual charge occasions than the second storage device, Therefore, it can be configured to have a relatively long life in terms of refill opportunities. The storage device may comprise at least one capacitor. Typically, the first storage device Only the second storage device can be recharged more frequently than necessary.

[0058] When the second storage device needs to be filled, it is recommended to use a The first storage device is filled at a plurality of individual filling opportunities, thereby Between charging opportunities for the device, a second storage device is charged with a relatively low energy charge rate. After determining the electrical parameters of the medical device, The charging of the second storage device can be controlled. A constant current circuit or a stabilized voltage circuit can be used. can be used to store energy in a second storage device.

[0059] A system for controlling wireless energy supply based on a feedback system. The transmission of wireless energy from the energy source is a first electrical pulse having a rise and a fall. The electrical pulse from the circuit is applied to an external energy source to transmit wireless energy, and the electrical pulse The length of the first time interval between successive rising and falling edges of the electrical pulse Varying the length of a second time interval between successive falling and rising edges of the first and second and / or generated from an electrical pulse having a power that varies depending on the length of the second time interval. It can be controlled by transmitting wireless energy.

[0060] Therefore, the energy transmitted from the external energy transmission device located outside the human body to the internal energy transmission device located inside the human body is 1. A method for transmitting wireless energy to an internal energy receiver disposed in a wireless communication device, comprising: An external transmission device that transmits an electric pulse from a first electric circuit having a rising edge and a falling edge to transmit wireless energy; the length of the first time interval between successive rising and falling edges of the electrical pulse and / or varies the length of the second time interval between successive falling and rising edges of the electrical pulse. And, an electrical pulse having a power that varies depending on the length of the first and / or second time intervals; and transmitting the generated wireless energy from the

[0061] From an external energy transmission device placed outside the human body to an internal energy transmission device placed inside the human body 1. An apparatus configured to transmit wireless energy to an energy receiver, comprising: An external transmission device configured to supply wireless energy is connected to the rise and fall a first electrical circuit that provides an electrical pulse having a downstream The electrical circuit determines the length of a first time interval between successive rising and falling edges of the electrical pulses. and / or the length of a second time interval between successive falling and rising edges of the electrical pulse. configured to vary The transmitted radio energy varies depending on the length of the first and / or second time intervals. Also provided is an apparatus for generating electrical pulses having a power that is

[0062] The method and apparatus can be implemented according to various embodiments and features as follows: do.

[0063] In this case, the frequency of the electrical pulses when varying the first and / or second time intervals is When applying the electrical pulse, the electrical pulse may be a first and / or second pulse. The first and / or second time intervals may not change except for the change in the first and / or second time intervals. When the interval is varied, the amplitude of the electrical pulse may be approximately constant. Further, the electrical pulse may be , varying the length of the first time interval between successive rising and falling edges of the electrical pulse. It can only be changed by

[0064] A train of two or more electrical pulses may be delivered in a train, in which case the train of pulses is printed. When applied, the pulse train has a first electrical pulse at the beginning of the pulse train and Two or more pulse trains can be delivered in a train with a second electrical pulse at the end. The falling edge of the second electrical pulse in the first pulse train is followed by the falling edge of the first electrical pulse in the second pulse train. The length of the second time interval between the leading edge of the electrical pulse is varied.

[0065] When applying an electric pulse, the electric pulse has a nearly constant current and a nearly constant voltage. The electrical pulse may have a substantially constant current and a substantially constant voltage. The pulses may have a substantially constant frequency. Similarly, the electrical pulses in the pulse train may have a substantially constant frequency. It may have a constant frequency.

[0066] When an electrical pulse is applied to the external energy source, the electrical pulse is applied for a first and second time period. By changing the distance, an electromagnetic field that changes can be generated on an external energy source. The electromagnetic field creates electrical pulses that carry the energy to the internal energy receiver. The wireless energy can then be induced into the energy receiver. The energy is transferred almost purely inductively from the energy source to the internal energy receiver.

[0067] The electrical pulses may be delivered by varying the first and / or second time intervals. The frequency and / or time period between successive pulses is varied so that the energy delivered is varied. When the electrical pulse is applied, the electrical pulse can be discharged from the first electrical circuit at a period It may have an approximately constant frequency.

[0068] The circuit formed by the first electrical circuit and the external energy source has a first characteristic time period. The first time constant may have a first time constant or a second time constant, which effectively changes the energy transmitted. Such a frequency period may be less than or equal to the first characteristic time period or time constant.

[0069] One embodiment of an apparatus and method for use with an energy feedback system The present invention uses wireless energy to irradiate fluid and tissue within a cavity formed by the tissue walls of a patient's organ. and / or other bodily substances. It is possible to affect the flow in the lumen by slightly narrowing a portion of it, and to close the narrowed wall. The endothelial cells can be stimulated to contract the walls, further affecting flow within the lumen.

[0070] The object of this embodiment is to provide a method for treating fluid and / or tissue in a lumen formed by a tissue wall of a body organ. A device configured to control the flow of a body substance or a method of controlling such The present invention aims to reduce the problem of tissue wall damage caused by implanted prior art techniques that constrict body organs. To provide an apparatus or method that substantially eliminates, or in some cases completely eliminates, the And so.

[0071] According to this object of the invention, the fluid and / or the lumen formed by the tissue wall of the body organ is or a method for controlling a flow of a body substance, the method comprising the steps of: However, the implantable constriction device gently narrows a portion of the tissue wall, affecting flow within the lumen. a chair, a stimulation device for stimulating the wall of the tissue wall, and a constriction device for constricting the wall. Sometimes the stimulation device stimulates the wall, causing it to contract and further affect flow within the lumen. and a control device for controlling the device.

[0072] The present invention affects the flow of fluids and / or other body substances in a body organ in two stages: It provides an advantageous combination of a constriction device and a stimulation device. The tissue wall can be slightly constricted by applying a relatively weak force to the wall, The stimulation device stimulates the narrowed wall to have a desired end effect on flow within the lumen. The phrase "mildly constricting a portion of a tissue wall" refers to almost completely blocking blood circulation within the tissue wall. This should be understood as narrowing the wall without obstructing it.

[0073] Thus, a method for controlling flow within a lumen and a method configured to control flow within a lumen are provided. Both devices may be implemented according to various embodiments and features below.

[0074] Preferably, the stimulation device stimulates the wall when the constriction device constricts the wall. The control device is configured to stimulate each of the different regions of the wall intermittently. and controlling the stimulation device to stimulate different regions of the organ wall individually. By stimulating the walls intermittently and individually in this manner, the tissue in the wall is stimulated almost exclusively during the operation of the device of the present invention. It can maintain normal blood circulation.

[0075] The combination of the constriction device and the stimulation device can be used in any type of organ, including but not limited to: allows the application of the device or method of the present invention to any location of the tubular body organ, This is in comparison to conventional stimulation devices that are limited to electrical stimulation that produces sphincter dysfunction. This is a remarkable advancement.

[0076] In most applications using the present invention, the implanted constriction device will be adjusted daily. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the constriction device is adapted to narrow the wall as required. The control device may be adjustable to allow the wall to be adjusted. The control device controls the constriction device to adjust the constriction of the constriction device. The control device and the stimulation device can be controlled independently and simultaneously. The device stimulates the wall while controlling the constriction device to change the constriction of the wall. Alternatively, the stimulation device can be controlled so as not to stimulate the wall.

[0077] First, the control device is used to control the stimulation device to stimulate the wall portion, while A constriction device is provided to adjust the constriction of the wall until a desired restriction of flow within the lumen is achieved. By controlling the constriction device, the constriction device can be calibrated.

[0078] The flow restriction device of the present invention restricts the flow of fluids and / or other bodily substances within the lumen of a bodily organ. Therefore, in the principle embodiment of the present invention, the constriction device The device is configured to constrict the wall to at least restrict flow within the lumen, and the control device The device causes the narrowed wall to contract, thus at least further restricting flow within the lumen. Specifically, the constriction device controls the stimulation device to constrict the wall. The blood circulation within the narrowed wall is substantially unrestricted, and the flow within the lumen is at least restricted. The control device is configured to contract the wall portion and thus When the wall is maintained in a constricted state by the constriction device, the flow in the lumen is low. and controlling the stimulation device so as to be further restricted.

[0079] Constriction devices and stimulation devices are preferably implemented in certain applications of the apparatus of the present invention. The constriction and stimulation can be controlled to achieve the degree of flow restriction desired. Thus, according to a first flow limiting aspect, the control device causes the wall to narrow, Thus, the constriction device is controlled so that flow within the lumen is restricted or stopped. and stimulates the narrowed wall to contract, thus further restricting flow within the lumen. Control the stimulation device so that it is either activated or safely deactivated. The control device stimulates the narrowed wall to further restrict or stop flow within the lumen. and controlling the stimulation device in a first mode to a) operate the stimulation device in a second mode to stop stimulation of the wall and increase flow within the lumen; Control the b) A second mode in which stimulation of the wall is stopped and the wall is released to restore flow within the lumen. to control the stimulation device and the constriction device.

[0080] Movement of fluid and / or other body material within a lumen. In one embodiment, the constriction device comprises: The control device is configured to constrict the wall to restrict or alter flow within the lumen. The device gradually stimulates the narrowed wall in either the downstream or upstream direction of the lumen, The stimulation device is configured to gradually contract the stimulator to move fluid and / or other body substances within the lumen. Control the chair.

[0081] The stimulation control device may, for example, stimulate different areas sequentially. The stimulation device can be controlled to stimulate one or more areas of the wall at a time. Cut. Further, the control device controls the stimulation of each area, preferably according to a predetermined stimulation pattern, on the wall. The stimulation device can be controlled to propagate circularly along the tissue wall. To obtain a desired response of the tissue wall, the control device adjusts the intensity of the stimulation of the wall, preferably The stimulation device can be controlled to vary cyclically.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control device preferably comprises a pulse The stimulation device is controlled so as to stimulate each area of ​​the wall intermittently by a stimulation. At least a first region and a second region of the region are respectively subjected to a first pulse train and a second pulse train. The pulse train repeats the first and second pulse trains in a time-shifted manner relative to each other. For example, a first region may be stimulated with a first pulse train, On the other hand, the stimulation of the second region by the second pulse train can be omitted, and the second region can be The second region is stimulated with a second pulse train while the first region is stimulated with a first pulse train. Alternatively, the first pulse train and the second pulse train may at least partially overlap. The first and second pulse trains may be offset relative to each other so that they overlap.

[0083] The pulse train can be configured in many different ways. Thus, the control device: The amplitude of the pulses in the pulse train, the duty cycle of each individual pulse in each pulse train, The width of each pulse train, the length of each pulse train, the repetition frequency of each pulse in the pulse train, Specify the frequency, the number of pulses in each pulse train, and / or the off-time period between each pulse train. The stimulation device can be controlled to vary the number of different configurations. A series of pulses can be used to achieve the desired effect.

[0084] A control device determines the off-time period between each pulse train that stimulates each region of the wall. If the stimulation device is controlled to vary, the area stimulated during the off-time period will be for a period of time sufficient to restore near-normal blood circulation in the area when It is also possible to control the respective off-time periods between each pulse train so that

[0085] The electrical stimulation device preferably comprises a small At least one, and preferably a plurality of, electrical members such as electrodes. Optionally, each electrical member is The control device controls the electrical members one at a time. The electrical stimulation device is controlled to energize groups of electrical members one at a time or several at a time. The control device is an electrical stimulation device that energizes each member in a cyclic manner by means of an electrical pulse. Optionally, the control device controls the electrical members to be energized one at a time in sequence. or so that several electrical components or groups of electrical components are energized simultaneously. The stimulation device can be controlled to energize each of the electrical members. The members can be energized randomly or sequentially according to a predetermined pattern.

[0086] The electrical members can form any pattern of electrical members. The material forms an elongated pattern of electrical members, where the elongated pattern of electrical members is and extending lengthwise along the wall of the wall such that the electrical members abut against respective regions of the wall. The electrical member can be attached to the wall of the patient's organ. The electrical connector may include one or more rows of electrical members extending lengthwise along the wall of the tube. Each row forms a straight, spiral, or zigzag path of electrical material; or The control device may be an elongated pattern of electrical components. The electrical current is applied longitudinally along the patient's lumen in either the opposite or the same direction as the flow in the lumen. The stimulation device can be controlled so as to

[0087] In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrical members are arranged such that each group is in the direction of flow within the patient's lumen. A plurality of electrical members are formed to form a series of groups extending along the organ of the patient. The electrical member may form a path of the member that extends along at least a portion of the circumference of the organ of the patient. In a first alternative embodiment, the electrical members of each group of electrical members are connected to respective ones of the organs of the patient. Two or more tubular members extending on different sides of the tubular member, preferably generally transverse to the flow direction within the lumen of the patient. A number of component paths can be formed. The control device controls the electrical component groups in the series. Controlling the stimulation device to deliver electricity randomly or according to a predetermined pattern. Alternatively, the control device may be located at approximately the center of the narrowed wall, and may be used to control the inside of the patient. Electrical currents in a series of groups, either counter- or co-directional to the flow in the cavity, or in both directions. The stimulation device can be controlled to energize the members sequentially. The group of energized electrical members can form a traveling wave of energized electrical members as described above. That is, the control device extends from the center of the narrowed wall to the elongated pattern of electrical components. Two waves of an energized electrical member moving simultaneously in two opposite directions toward each end The stimulation device can be controlled to energize each of the electrical members to form a stimulation pattern.

[0088] Mechanical Operation The operation device is used to mechanically operate the constriction device of the constriction / stimulation unit. In addition, the manipulation device may include a servo that may include a gearbox. The term "servo system" refers to the usual definition of a servo mechanism, i.e. This includes automatic devices that control large forces with very small forces, but instead In addition to or in addition to this, a weak force acting on a moving member having a long stroke is applied to a moving member having a short stroke. This definition may include the definition of a mechanism that converts a strong force acting on another moving part with a torque. The actuation device preferably operates the constriction device non-magnetically and / or non-manually. Preferably, the motor may be operably connected to the manipulation device. The motor may be operable to perform at least one reversible function, It may be possible to invert it.

[0089] Hydraulic Operation The operating device hydraulically operates the constriction device of the restriction / stimulation unit. In such a case, the manipulation device comprises hydraulic means for adjusting the constriction device.

[0090] In one embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic means comprises a reservoir and an expandable / contractable cavity. on the constriction device, where the operating device distributes hydraulic fluid from the reservoir. This expands the cavity and distributes hydraulic fluid from the cavity to the reservoir. The cavity is then compressed by the balloon of the constriction device against the tissue wall of the patient's organ. The cavity can be formed by a cavity wall, so that the wall of the patient does not narrow upon expansion of the cavity. The comb is released upon contraction of the cavity.

[0091] Alternatively, the cavity may be formed by a relatively large constriction member of the constriction device, e.g. It can be formed by a bellows member that displaces a large balloon against which it abuts, thus The patient's wall constricts when the bellows contracts and releases when the bellows expands. Thus, the addition of a relatively small amount of hydraulic fluid to the bellows member significantly increases the constriction of the wall. Such bellows elements may also be replaced by a suitably constructed piston / cylinder mechanism. do.

[0092] When the hydraulic means comprises a cavity in the constriction device, the apparatus of the present invention comprises: It can be configured according to the following aspects.

[0093] 1) The reservoir has first and second walls, and the operating device is a device for controlling the first and second walls. The portions are displaced relative to each other to change the volume of the reservoir, thus allowing fluid to flow from the reservoir to the The particles are dispersed from the cavity to the reservoir or from the cavity to the reservoir.

[0094] 1a) The first and second walls of the reservoir are provided with a magnetic device, a hydraulic device, an electric control device, The at least one of the vises is displaceable relative to the other.

[0095] 2) the device includes a fluid conduit between the reservoir and the cavity, where the reservoir is The conduit and the reservoir and the device are free of non-return valves. The reservoir is A fluid chamber having a variable volume is formed, and the fluid is released by reducing the volume of the chamber. The fluid is dispersed from the chamber into the cavity, increasing the volume of the chamber. The device includes a reservoir with a movable wall that changes the volume of the chamber. The device further includes a motor for driving the device.

[0096] In a particular embodiment of the invention, the operating device comprises a reversing The term "reversing servo" refers to a strong servo that acts on a moving member with a short stroke. A mechanism that converts the force into a weak force acting on another moving member with a long stroke, i.e. This should be understood as the reverse function of a normal servo mechanism. A small change in the amount of fluid in the reservoir is reflected by the reversing servo. This translates into large changes. The inverted servo is particularly well suited for manual operation.

[0097] Configuration of the Control Device The control device is preferably a device for controlling the constriction / stimulation unit from outside the patient's body. Preferably, the control device is operable by the patient. For example, The control device includes a manual switch to turn the constriction / stimulation unit on and off. Frequently, the switch is then implanted subcutaneously in the patient and can be manually or magnetically activated from outside the patient's body. Alternatively, the control device may be conveniently configured to be operated in a confined space. A handheld wireless device that can be operated by the patient to turn the stimulation unit on and off. The watch may be equipped with a wired remote control. A wireless remote control may be The device can also be configured to be attached to the patient's body like a wristwatch. The remote control controls the patient's body to respond to the implanted signal of the device. A signal can be emitted.

[0098] The transmission of wireless energy from an external energy transmission device is performed by a rise and fall applying an electrical pulse from a first electrical circuit having an electrical current to an external energy transmission device; The length of the first time interval between successive rising and falling edges of the pulse and / or the electrical Varying the length of the second time interval between successive falling and rising edges of the pulses, and / or from an electrical pulse having a power that varies depending on the length of the second time interval. The device can be controlled by transmitting radio energy.

[0099] Accordingly, there is provided a method for controlling the transmission of wireless energy, comprising the steps of: An external transmission device that transmits an electric pulse from a first electric circuit having a rising edge and a falling edge and transmitting the wireless device. the length of the first time interval between successive rising and falling edges of the electrical pulse and / or varies the length of the second time interval between successive falling and rising edges of the electrical pulse. And, an electrical pulse having a power that varies depending on the length of the first and / or second time intervals; and transmitting the generated wireless energy from the

[0100] Furthermore, the external energy transmission device placed outside the human body transmits energy to the internal energy transmission device placed inside the human body. 1. A device configured to transmit wireless energy to an internal energy receiver having a An external energy transmission device configured to supply wireless energy is a first electrical circuit that provides an electrical pulse having a rise and a fall; The electrical circuit determines the length of a first time interval between successive rising and falling edges of the electrical pulse. and / or the length of a second time interval between successive falling and rising edges of the electrical pulse. configured to vary The energy transmitted varies depending on the length of the first and / or second time intervals. An apparatus is provided for generating electrical pulses having power. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0101] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an arrangement for providing precise amounts of energy to an electrically operable medical device. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a more detailed block diagram of an apparatus for controlling the transmission of wireless energy supplied to an electrically operable medical device implanted in a patient. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating a proposed configuration of an apparatus for controlling the transmission of wireless energy according to a possible embodiment. [Figure 4] 4A-4C show various measurements obtained when implementing the method and device of the invention according to the circuit diagram of FIG. [Diagram 5] 4A-4C show various measurements obtained when implementing the method and device of the invention according to the circuit diagram of FIG. [Figure 6] 4A-4C show various measurements obtained when implementing the method and device of the invention according to the circuit diagram of FIG. [Figure 7] 4A-4C show various measurements obtained when implementing the method and device of the invention according to the circuit diagram of FIG. [Figure 8]4A-4C show various measurements obtained when implementing the method and device of the invention according to the circuit diagram of FIG. [Figure 9] 4A-4C show various measurements obtained when implementing the method and device of the invention according to the circuit diagram of FIG. [Figure 10] 4A-4C show various measurements obtained when implementing the method and device of the invention according to the circuit diagram of FIG. [Figure 11] 4A-4C show various measurements obtained when implementing the method and device of the invention according to the circuit diagram of FIG. [Figure 12] 4A-4C show various measurements obtained when implementing the method and device of the invention according to the circuit diagram of FIG. [Figure 13a] 1A-1D show schematic diagrams of different operating states of a generic embodiment of the device according to the invention; [Figure 13b] 1A-1D show schematic diagrams of different operating states of a generic embodiment of the device according to the invention; [Figure 13c] 1A-1D show schematic diagrams of different operating states of a generic embodiment of the device according to the invention; [Figure 13d] 1A-1D show schematic diagrams of different operating states of a generic embodiment of the device according to the invention; [Figure 13e] 1A-1D show schematic diagrams of different operating states of a generic embodiment of the device according to the invention; [Figure 13f] 1A-1C show different operating states of variants of the general embodiment; [Figure 13g] 1A-1C show different operating states of variants of the general embodiment; [Figure 13h] 1A-1C show different operating states of the variants of the general embodiment. [Figure 13i] FIG. 13 illustrates another mode of operation of the variant of the general embodiment. [Figure 13j] FIG. 13 illustrates another mode of operation of the variant of the general embodiment. [Figure 13k]FIG. 13 illustrates another mode of operation of the variant of the general embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention comprising a constriction device and an electrical stimulation device. [Figure 15] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. [Figure 16] 12A-12C are the same cross-sectional views as shown in FIG. 11, but showing the device in different operating states. [Figure 17a] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing modified examples of a pulse. [Figure 17b] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a modified example of a pulse train. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0102] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0103] Briefly, wireless energy is delivered from an external energy source located outside the patient. The energy is transmitted to the patient and received by an internal energy receiver placed inside the patient. the energy receiver is connected to an electrically operable medical device implanted in the patient; The received energy is delivered directly or indirectly to the medical device. The energy received by the receiver and the energy used in the medical device are The energy balance is then calculated, and the radio energy is then calculated based on the calculated energy balance. The energy transfer is controlled. Therefore, the energy balance is The correct amount of energy required is sufficient to operate the medical device properly without Precisely indicate quantities.

[0104] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a medical device 100 that is implanted in a patient and is capable of delivering a precise amount of energy. The patient's skin is connected to the patient's internal "Int" The medical device 100 is indicated by a vertical line S separating it from the exterior "Ext." The device is connected to an internal energy receiver 102 located inside the device, preferably just below the skin S. Generally speaking, the energy receiver 102 may be located in the abdomen, chest, or other areas (e.g., The energy receiver may be placed in the fascia (intramuscular), subcutaneously, or in any other suitable location. The transmitter 102 is connected to an external energy source disposed outside the skin S in the vicinity of the energy receiver 102. The wireless energy source 104 is configured to receive wireless energy E transmitted from the wireless energy source 104.

[0105] As is known in the art, the wireless energy E is typically located in an energy source 104. The energy receiver 102 includes a primary coil disposed adjacent to the primary coil and a secondary coil disposed adjacent to the primary coil. The primary coin may be sent by any suitable TET device, such as a device that When a current is sent through the coil, energy in the form of a voltage is induced in the secondary coil, e.g. For example, the received energy can be transferred to an energy storage device, such as a battery or a capacitor. This energy is then used to power a medical device after being stored in a power source or accumulator. However, the present invention is not limited to any particular energy transfer technology or TET device. Any type of wireless energy source, including but not limited to wireless and energy storage devices It is possible.

[0106] The amount of energy transferred is based on the energy balance calculated above. The energy source 104 can be adjusted by an external control unit 106 that controls the energy source 104. To deliver the correct amount of energy, an internal control unit connected to the medical device 100 Energy balance and energy requirements can be calculated using the 108 The control unit 108 controls the required energy required for proper operation of the medical device 100. A suitable sensor that measures some characteristic of the medical device 100 that in some way reflects the amount of energy consumed. The device can be configured to receive various measurements obtained by a variety of methods, including a temperature sensor, ... etc. (not shown). Furthermore, the current state of the patient is detected by an appropriate measuring device or sensor, and the patient's state is It is therefore possible to obtain parameters that reflect such characteristics and / or The parameters are stored in a file that stores the current state of the medical device 100, such as power consumption, operating mode, and temperature. can be related to the patient's condition as reflected by, for example, temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respiration. Cut.

[0107] Additionally, an energy storage device or accumulator (not shown) may be connected to the energy receiver. 102 to receive the received energy for later use by the medical device 100. Alternatively or in addition, the energy requirement can also be It is also possible to measure the characteristics of the energy storage device that reflect the The device may be a battery, and the measured characteristics relate to the current state of the battery, such as voltage, temperature, etc. It is possible to provide the medical device 100 with sufficient voltage and current and to also To avoid overheating, the correct amount of energy must be delivered from the energy receiver 102, i.e. Therefore, the battery needs to be optimally charged by receiving neither too little nor too much energy. It should be clearly understood that the energy storage device has the corresponding characteristics. It may be a capacitor.

[0108] For example, periodically measuring the battery characteristics to determine the current state of the battery and then can be stored as status information in suitable storage means within the internal control unit 108. Therefore, each time a new measurement is made, the stored battery status information is updated accordingly. In this way, the power supply can be updated by transmitting the correct amount of energy. It can "calibrate" the battery's condition and keep it in optimal condition.

[0109] Thus, the internal control unit 108 may control the medical device 100, the patient, or the If an energy storage device is used, the energy storage device or and calculating an energy consumption based on measurements by the sensors or measuring devices described above in any combination. Balance and / or current energy needs (energy per unit time or The internal control unit 108 is further configured to determine the amount of stored energy. A control signal reflecting the determined energy requirement is sent to the external control unit 106. 112. The internal signal transmitter 110 is connected to an external signal receiver 112. Therefore, the amount of energy transmitted from the energy source 104 is proportional to the received control signal. The control signal can be adjusted accordingly.

[0110] Alternatively, the sensor measurements can be sent directly to the external control unit 106, in which case: The energy balance and / or current energy requirement may be calculated by the external control unit 106. and therefore the above-mentioned internal control unit 108 in the external control unit 106 In this case, the internal control unit 108 can be omitted. The sensor measurements are then transmitted to a signal transmitter 112 which transmits the measurements to the external control unit 106. The energy balance and current energy The required amount is determined by the external control unit 106 based on such sensor measurements. It is possible.

[0111] Therefore, the present solution can be applied to, for example, the amount of energy, the energy difference, the medical device, Energy received and actual energy consumption rate for the energy acceptance rate by the It is more efficient than conventional solutions because it is based on a comparison with actual energy use. The medical device uses feedback of information indicating the energy required to The energy provided by the device is used to consume energy or to store energy. Therefore, if necessary, the actual energy balance can be further increased. The difference parameters mentioned above can be used to obtain the Such parameters are also fundamentally taken to operate medical devices in vivo. This may be necessary in relation to any measures taken.

[0112] The internal signal transmitter 110 and the external signal receiver 112 receive radio signals, IR (infrared) signals, , as a separate unit using appropriate signal transfer means such as ultrasonic signals. Alternatively, the same transmission technology can be used in the reverse direction to the energy transmission. The signal transmitter 110 and the signal receiver 112 are each configured as an internal encoder to carry the control signal. The control signal may be incorporated into the energy receiver 102 and the energy source 104. It can be modulated in frequency, phase or amplitude.

[0113] In conclusion, the energy supply configuration shown in Figure 1 basically works as follows: First, the energy balance is calculated by the internal control unit 108. A control signal S reflecting the energy requirement is also generated by the internal control unit 108. , the control signal S is transmitted from the signal transmitter 110 to the signal receiver 112. Alternatively, the energy consumption may be controlled by the external control unit 106 depending on the embodiment as described above. A balance can then be obtained, where the control signal S is determined by the measurements from the various sensors. Thus, for example, in response to a received control signal S, Based on the calculated energy balance, the energy released from the energy source 104 is The amount of heat can be adjusted by the external control unit 106. Repeated intermittently at intervals during energy transmission or almost The process can be performed almost continuously.

[0114] Energy transmission is generally measured in terms of energy quantities such as voltage, current, amplitude, wave frequency, and pulse characteristics. This can be adjusted by adjusting various transmission parameters in the energy source 104. Cut.

[0115] FIG. 2 illustrates how the received energy is delivered to the medical device 200 and how the medical Several different embodiments of how the device 200 is used As in the example of FIG. 1, the internal energy receiver 202 is connected to the transmission control unit 2 06 receives wireless energy E from an external energy source 204 controlled by the internal The energy receiver 202 is shown in the figure as a dashed box "constant V" and is a medical device A constant voltage circuit may be provided to supply energy at a constant voltage to the internal energy receiver 200. The transmitter 202 is shown in the figure as a dashed box "Constant C" and is fixed to the medical device 200. The device may include a constant current circuit that supplies energy with a current of

[0116] The medical device 200 may be a motor, pump, restriction device, or other device that is electrically operated. The energy consumer 200a may be any other medical device that requires energy for The medical device 200 receives energy from an internal energy receiver 202. The power supply may further include an energy storage device 200b for storing energy. The supplied energy is directly consumed by the energy consumption unit 200a or The energy stored or provided by the energy storage device 200b The medical device 200 can consume some of the internal energy and store some of it. Receiver 2 An energy stabilization unit 200c that stabilizes the energy supplied from 02 Thus, the energy is stabilized before being consumed or stored. It can be supplied in variable states as the need arises.

[0117] The energy provided by the internal energy receiver 202 is further The medical device 200 may be disposed outside of the device before being consumed and / or stored by the device. Storing and / or stabilizing the energy by a separate energy stabilization unit 208 Alternatively, the energy stabilization unit 208 can be integrated into the internal energy receiver 202. In either case, the energy stabilization unit 208 is a constant voltage circuit. The device may include a constant current circuit and / or a constant current circuit.

[0118] 1 and 2 show how the various illustrated functional components and functional elements are arranged and Here are some possible but non-limiting examples of how they may be connected together. However, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous variations and modifications may be made within the scope of the present invention. Let it be understood.

[0119] Therefore, wireless energy supplied to electrically operable medical devices implanted in patients is A method is provided for controlling the transmission of wireless energy from a device disposed externally to a patient. It is transmitted from an external energy source and received by an internal energy receiver placed inside the patient. The internal energy receiver is connected to the medical device and receives the energy. The device delivers energy directly or indirectly to the medical device. Energy balance between the energy absorbed and the energy used for the medical device is calculated, and then the energy from the external energy source is calculated based on the calculated energy balance. The transmission of wireless energy is controlled.

[0120] Transmission of wireless energy delivered to an electrically operable medical device implanted in a patient An apparatus for controlling the patient's electrical stimulation is also provided. The apparatus comprises: Transmits wireless energy that is received by an internal energy receiver located within the patient. The internal energy receiver is connected to the medical device and configured to receive the The device further comprises a first electrode and a second electrode connected to the first electrode. The energy received by the external energy receiver and the energy used in the medical device are The energy balance between the glycemic index and the external energy level is calculated based on the calculated energy balance. The device is configured to control the transmission of wireless energy from the energy source.

[0121] The method and apparatus can be implemented according to various embodiments and features as follows: do.

[0122] Wireless energy is transmitted from a primary coil in the external energy source to a secondary coil in the internal energy receiver. The change in the energy balance can then be detected and inductively transmitted to the secondary coil. The wireless energy transmission can be controlled based on the change in the energy balance. The energy received by the internal energy receiver and the energy used in the medical device can be and detecting a difference between the energy of the received signal and the energy of the received signal, and transmitting wireless energy based on the detected energy difference. It is also possible to control

[0123] When controlling the transmission of energy, the change in the detected energy balance is Reduce wireless energy transmission when a detected signal indicates an increased wireless balance. If the observed change in energy balance indicates that the energy balance is reduced, In addition, the amount of wireless energy transmission can be increased when can correspond to the detected rate of change.

[0124] The detected energy difference is that the energy received is greater than the energy used. If the detected energy difference indicates that the indicates that the energy received is less than the energy used. The amount of linear energy transmission can be further increased. In this case, the increase in the amount of energy transmission The decrease can be made to correspond to the magnitude of the detected energy difference.

[0125] As described above, the energy used in the medical device is consumed to operate the medical device. and / or storing in at least one energy storage device of the medical device. It is possible.

[0126] In one alternative embodiment, substantially all of the energy used in the medical device is The power is consumed (for example, by the consumer 200a in FIG. 2) to operate the chair. In this case, the energy is stabilized by at least one energy stabilization unit of the medical device. It can then be consumed.

[0127] In other alternative embodiments, substantially all of the energy used in the medical device is at least In another alternative embodiment, the medical device Some of the energy used in the Both are stored in a single energy storage device.

[0128] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is used directly or indirectly to The voltage can be stabilized by a capacitor before being supplied to the device.

[0129] Total energy reception and consumption by the internal energy receiver and / or The difference in total energy deposition can be measured directly or indirectly over time and then Based on the total difference change, the energy balance can be calculated.

[0130] Further, the energy received by the internal energy receiver is provided to a medical device. It can be stored and stabilized in an energy stabilization unit before being supplied. based on detected changes in energy expenditure and / or energy storage over time. Based on this, the energy balance can be calculated. and / or determining the derivative of a measured electrical parameter with respect to the amount of energy stored over time. By detecting changes in energy expenditure and / or energy storage, where the derivative at the first given instant is the change at the first given instant The derivative corresponds to the rate of change, where the rate of change includes the direction and speed of change. The rate of change of the detected data can be determined.

[0131] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is converted into at least one constant voltage. The medical device can be supplied with a constant voltage by a constant voltage circuit. In this case, the energy is generated by at least one constant voltage. Both can be supplied by two different voltages.

[0132] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is converted into at least one constant voltage. A constant current can also be supplied to the medical device by a constant current circuit. In this case, the energy is generated by at least one constant current. Both can be supplied by two different currents.

[0133] The energy balance is the total energy received by the internal energy receivers and the total energy It can also be calculated based on the detected difference between the energy consumption and / or the total energy storage. In that case, the detected difference is at least It is the difference in the integral over time of one electrical parameter. In this case, the electrical parameter The values ​​of can be plotted against time as a parameter-time graph, The integral can be calculated from the size of the area under the plot. The integral of the data is the total energy received by the internal energy receiver and the total energy consumed. and / or related to energy balance as the accumulated difference between the total energy stored It is possible.

[0134] Energy storage devices in medical devices may include rechargeable batteries, accumulators, The energy stabilization unit may include at least one of a capacitor and a power supply. A small amount of accumulators, capacitors, or semiconductors configured to stabilize the energy It may contain at least one.

[0135] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is then transferred to the medical device and / or The energy is stored and stabilized in the stabilization unit before being fed to the energy storage device. The medical device and / or or energy storage device. Two different voltages, at least one of which is constant, are maintained in the path of the medical device and and an energy storage device.

[0136] Alternatively, the energy received by the internal energy receiver may be transferred to the medical device and and / or stored and stabilized in a stabilization unit before being fed to the energy storage device. When the device is powered by the constant current circuit, the medical device is powered by at least one constant current maintained in the constant current circuit. The device may provide energy to the power source and / or the energy storage device. In this case, two different currents are maintained in a constant current circuit, at least one of which is constant, The energy can be supplied to a medical device and an energy storage device.

[0137] Wireless energy can initially be transmitted according to a given energy consumption and storage rate. In that case, the transmission of wireless energy can be turned off when a predetermined total amount of energy has been transmitted. In this case, the energy received by the internal energy receiver The device operates the medical device until a predetermined total amount of energy is consumed and / or stored. Energy is consumed to operate the device and / or stored in an energy storage device. It can also be stored and stabilized in a gas stabilization unit.

[0138] Furthermore, the wireless energy is first transmitted at a predetermined energy rate, and then the energy is stabilized. The energy that can be obtained by detecting the total energy stored in the unit Alternatively, the energy stabilization unit can be used This can be determined by detecting the change in the current energy storage amount in the In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the change in the current energy storage amount in the energy stabilization unit By detecting the direction and rate of the energy balance can be determined.

[0139] Wireless energy transmission is achieved by detecting the energy acceptance rate at the internal energy receiver. - The consumption rate and / or accumulation rate can be controlled accordingly. Energy transmission can be turned off when a predetermined total amount of energy has been consumed .

[0140] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is first passed through the energy stabilization unit. The energy is stored and stabilized in the basin and then discharged to the medical device until a predetermined total amount of energy is consumed. The energy can be consumed or stored by the device. In that case, the energy stabilization unit The energy balance can be calculated based on the total energy stored in the Alternatively, it can detect changes in the current energy storage amount in the energy stabilization unit. In another alternative embodiment, the energy balance can be calculated by Detect the direction and rate of change of the current energy storage in the energy stabilization unit. By calculating the energy balance, the energy balance can be obtained.

[0141] As mentioned in relation to Figure 1, appropriate sensors are used to operate medical devices appropriately. A characteristic of a medical device that in some way reflects the energy requirements required to deliver It is possible to measure and / or detect the current condition of the patient. The electrical and / or physical parameters of the chair and / or the physical parameters of the patient Then, the energy can be calculated based on the parameters. Furthermore, the total energy transfer amount can be determined based on the above parameters. The transmission of wireless energy can also be controlled so as to provide a

[0142] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is first transferred to the energy stabilization unit. The energy is stored and stabilized in a set of 100% and then dissipated until a predetermined total amount of energy is consumed. Furthermore, the energy reception rate at the internal energy receiver can be adjusted to a predetermined energy level. The transmission of wireless energy can be controlled to correspond to the rate of energy consumption.

[0143] Furthermore, electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or Alternatively, the physical parameters of the patient are determined, and the total energy delivery is calculated based on the parameters. In that case, the energy received by the internal energy receiver can be , firstly, accumulate and stabilize in the energy stabilization unit, and then, It can be consumed until the amount is consumed.

[0144] Energy is stored in the energy storage device according to a predetermined storage rate. The transmission of wireless energy can be turned off when a certain total amount of energy has been stored. Furthermore, the energy reception rate at the internal energy receiver corresponds to a given accumulation rate. Thus, the transmission of wireless energy can be controlled.

[0145] The energy storage device of the medical device includes a first storage device and a second storage device. and wherein the energy received by the internal energy receiver comprises: First, the signal is stored in a first storage device, and then the signal is transferred from the first storage device to a second storage device in a subsequent stage. The pressure is supplied to the vise.

[0146] Using the first and second storage devices in the energy storage device, The balance can be determined in different ways. First, the first storage device Find the energy balance by detecting the current energy storage in Then, the storage rate in the second storage device can be calculated based on the internal energy receiver. The transmission of wireless energy can be controlled to correspond to the energy acceptance rate. Then, an energy storage device is detected based on the total energy storage amount detected in the first storage device. Third, the current energy in the first storage device can be balanced. By detecting the change in the amount of stored energy, the energy balance can be calculated. and detecting a direction and rate of change of a current amount of energy stored in the first storage device. The energy balance can be calculated by

[0147] The stabilized energy is first determined by the voltage measured on the second storage device reaching a predetermined maximum voltage. The first storage device is charged by a constant current maintained by a constant current circuit until the The second storage device is then fed with a constant current that is maintained by a constant voltage circuit. The voltage can be supplied from the first storage device to the second storage device. , turn off wireless energy transmission when a predefined minimum energy transmission rate is reached. It is possible.

[0148] The transmission of energy is further performed by an internal energy receiver. The amount of energy stored in the storage device of the second storage device can be controlled accordingly. If the energy acceptance rate at the internal energy receiver is The transfer of energy can be controlled to correspond to the rate of energy storage. The total energy received by the energy receiver is equal to the total energy received by the second storage device. The energy transfer can also be controlled to correspond to the amount of storage.

[0149] If the transmission of wireless energy is turned off when a predetermined total amount of energy has been stored, The electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or the patient The physical parameters of the subject can be determined during a first energy deposition procedure, and the subsequent energy deposition procedures can be performed using the During the energy accumulation procedure, a predetermined total amount of energy can be accumulated based on the parameters. can.

[0150] Electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or The patient's physical parameters are determined, and the energy is delivered at a deposition rate determined based on the parameters. - Energy can be stored in a storage device, depending on the parameters. The total amount of energy required can then be stored in an energy storage device. The wireless energy transmission can be automatically turned off when the amount of energy accumulated The wireless energy is transferred so that the energy reception rate at the internal energy receiver corresponds to the accumulation rate. It is also possible to control the transmission of energy.

[0151] Electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or The patient's physical parameters are obtained, and the total energy amount is calculated based on the parameters. It can be stored in an energy storage device. In that case, it can be calculated based on the parameters. The total amount of energy that can be stored in the energy storage device can then be The total energy received by the energy receiver corresponds to the total energy stored in the receiver. The transfer of energy can be controlled. Furthermore, when the total amount of energy is accumulated, The transmission of wireless energy can be automatically turned off.

[0152] When some of the energy used in the medical device is consumed and some is stored, a given The wireless energy transmission is controlled based on the energy consumption rate of the device and a predetermined energy storage rate. In that case, a certain total amount of energy to be consumed and stored is received. The transmission of energy can be switched off when the total energy consumed and stored is It is also possible to turn off the energy transmission when the amount of energy received is reached.

[0153] Electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or Once the patient's physical parameters are determined, a calculated time interval based on the parameters is calculated. Energy can be transmitted, consumed, and stored according to the transmission rate. The transmission amount can also be determined based on a parameter.

[0154] Electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or The physical parameters of the patient are determined, and the energy is delivered at a rate determined based on the parameters. Energy can be supplied from the energy storage device to the medical device for consumption. If the total energy supplied to and consumed by the medical device from the energy storage device, The amount can be based on the parameters.

[0155] Electrical and / or physical parameters of the medical device and / or Once the patient's physical parameters are known, the total energy delivered from the energy storage device to the medical device can be calculated. The total energy supply can be supplied to the device and consumed by it, in which case the total energy supply is determined by the parameter It is required based on.

[0156] The energy received by the internal energy receiver is sent to the energy stabilization unit. When the internal energy storage device accumulates and stabilizes, the accumulation rate of the internal energy storage device increases. The energy storage in the energy stabilization unit corresponds to the energy acceptance rate in the receiver. Energy balance can be calculated based on product moments.

[0157] The total amount of energy received by the internal energy receiver and the total amount of energy consumed The difference between the stored energy and / or the total stored energy is detected and the detected difference is the energy balance. is the difference with respect to the integral over time of at least one measured electrical parameter When integrating the monitored voltage and / or current with respect to the energy balance can be sought.

[0158] Measured electrical parameters related to energy consumption and / or energy storage The time derivative of the voltage and current is calculated with respect to the energy balance. Or the derivative of the current can be taken.

[0159] When using a first and a second storage device in an energy storage device, the second storage The device can deliver energy directly or indirectly to a medical device, In this case, a change in the difference corresponds to a change in the amount of energy stored in the first storage unit. In this case, the change in the rate of energy storage in the first storage device over time is detected. By using this, we can obtain the energy balance corresponding to the change. Energy storage is determined by taking the derivative of the measured electrical parameter over time. It is also possible to determine the change in a quantity, the derivative of which corresponds to the change in the amount of stored energy. The rate of change of the parameter can also be detected and the derivative related to the rate of change. The parameters are the measured voltage and / or current related to the energy balance. good.

[0160] The first storage device may include at least one of a capacitor and a semiconductor, and the second The storage device may be at least one of a rechargeable battery, an accumulator, and a capacitor. Includes 1.

[0161] As mentioned above, wireless energy is generated by transmitting internal energy from a primary coil in an external energy source. However, wireless energy can be transmitted inductively to a secondary coil in the receiver. It can also be transmitted inductively. For example, wireless energy can be transmitted by sound or pressure changes, electromagnetic waves, or other means. It can be transmitted by wires or light. Wireless energy is transmitted in pulses or waves. and / or may be transmitted by an electric field.

[0162] When wireless energy is transmitted in pulses from an external energy source to an internal energy receiver, By adjusting the width of the pulses, the transmission of wireless energy can be controlled.

[0163] The difference between the total energy received by the internal energy receiver and the total energy consumed is directly When measured indirectly over time, the energy balance is determined by detecting the change in the difference. In this case, the measured electrical parameters related to the energy consumption can be obtained. By taking the derivative of the data over time, changes in energy expenditure can be detected. The derivative corresponds to the rate of change in energy consumption, which indicates the direction and speed of change. In this case, the rate of change of the electrical parameter can be detected and the derivative of the detected change It is related to the conversion rate.

[0164] When using a first and a second storage device in an energy storage device, the second storage device The relatively high energy loading rate compared to integrated devices allows for relatively fast The first storage device may be configured to allow for recharging. The storage device is charged more frequently on multiple individual charge occasions than the second storage device, Therefore, it can be configured to have a relatively long life in terms of refill opportunities. The storage device may comprise at least one capacitor. Typically, the first storage device Only the second storage device can be recharged more frequently than necessary.

[0165] When the second storage device needs to be filled, it is recommended to use a The first storage device is filled at a plurality of individual filling opportunities, thereby Between charging opportunities for the device, a second storage device is charged with a relatively low energy charge rate. After determining the electrical parameters of the medical device, The charging of the second storage device can be controlled. A constant current circuit or a stabilized voltage circuit can be used. can be used to store energy in a second storage device.

[0166] The transmission of wireless energy from an external energy source is a first-order pulse having a rise and a fall. Applying an electric pulse from the electric circuit of 1 to an external energy source to transmit wireless energy; the length of a first time interval between successive leading and trailing edges of the electrical pulse; and / or Varying the length of the second time interval between successive falling and rising edges of the electrical pulses; The power of the electrical pulses varies depending on the length of the first and / or second time intervals. The device can be controlled by transmitting wireless energy generated by the device.

[0167] In this case, the frequency of the electrical pulses may be varied by varying the first and / or second time intervals. When applying the electrical pulse, the electrical pulse may be a first and / or a second electrical pulse. The first and / or second time intervals may not change except that the second time interval changes. When the interval is changed, the amplitude of the electrical pulse may be approximately constant. Varies the length of the first time interval between successive rising and falling edges of the electrical pulse It can only be changed by

[0168] A train of two or more electrical pulses may be delivered in a train, in which case the train of pulses is printed. When applied, the pulse train has a first electrical pulse at the beginning of the pulse train and Two or more pulse trains can be delivered in a train with a second electrical pulse at the end. The falling edge of the second electrical pulse in the first pulse train is followed by the falling edge of the first electrical pulse in the second pulse train. The length of the second time interval between the leading edge of the electrical pulse is varied.

[0169] When applying the electrical pulse, the electrical pulse has a substantially constant current and a substantially constant voltage. The electrical pulse may have a substantially constant current and a substantially constant voltage. The pulses may have a substantially constant frequency. Similarly, the electrical pulses in the pulse train may have a substantially constant frequency. It may have a constant frequency.

[0170] When an electrical pulse is applied to the external energy source, the electrical pulse is applied for a first and second time period. By changing the distance, an electromagnetic field that changes can be generated on an external energy source. The electromagnetic field creates electrical pulses that carry the energy to the internal energy receiver. The wireless energy can then be induced into the energy receiver. The energy is transferred almost purely inductively from the energy source to the internal energy receiver.

[0171] The electrical pulse may be transmitted by varying the length of the first and / or second time intervals. The frequency and time between the leading edges of successive pulses are varied so that the energy delivered is The first electrical circuit may be discharged at a time period and / or at a time interval. When applied, the electrical pulses may have a substantially constant frequency.

[0172] The circuit formed by the first electrical circuit and the external energy source has a first characteristic time period. The first time constant may have a first time constant or a second time constant, which effectively changes the energy transmitted. Such a frequency period may be less than or equal to the first characteristic time period or time constant.

[0173] Although the present invention has been described with reference to certain exemplary embodiments, this description generally It is merely an illustration of an inventive concept and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. In particular, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above-described embodiments and examples can be implemented as both methods and devices. The present invention and various possible embodiments are generally defined in the following claims: The scope of the requirement is defined by the

[0174] Description of the Preferred Embodiments FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a device for controlling the transmission of wireless energy according to the present invention, i.e. A schematic diagram of one of the proposed configurations for the energy balance control system. This shows that. The schematic shows an energy converter centered around 2.5V with an output signal proportional to the energy imbalance. The energy balance measurement circuit is shown. The 2.5V signal level is the energy balance If the level drops below 2.5V, the implant Energy is drawn from the power supply and if the level rises above 2.5V, the energy The output signal from the circuit is usually sent to an A / D converter to be converted into a digital signal. This digital information is then transmitted to an external transmitter, where it is Another possibility is to use an energy The balance level is compared to certain maximum and minimum thresholds and the balance is A fully analogue system that uses a comparator to send information to an external transmitter if the window is exceeded. It is possible to have a system that is easy to use.

[0175] Schematic diagram 3 shows a method for transmitting power from outside the body to an implant using inductive energy transfer. The circuit diagram of the inductive energy transfer system is shown in Fig. 1. A transmitter coil and an internal receiver coil are used. The receiver coil L1 is included in the schematic diagram of FIG. 3, the transmission portion of the system is excluded.

[0176] General concept of energy balance and how to transmit the information to an external energy transmitter The method can of course be carried out in many different ways. The above methods of evaluating and transmitting are merely examples of how a control system may be implemented. It should be considered as non-existent.

[0177] Circuit Details In the schematic diagram of FIG. 3, the symbols Y1, Y2, Y3, etc. denote test The test points are referenced in the figures in the following text. It has been done. The components in the diagram and their respective values ​​are one of an infinite number of possible configuration solutions. These are just two values ​​that work in this particular embodiment.

[0178] The energy to power the circuit is received by the energy receiving coil L1. The energy to the plant is transmitted at a frequency of 25 kHz in this particular case. The energy balance output signal is present at test point Y1.

[0179] Figure 4 shows the voltage Y7x on the receiving coil L1 and the voltage received by this coil from the external transmitter. The graph of power Y9 is normalized and ranges from 0 to 1. where 1 indicates maximum power and 0 indicates zero power. Therefore, Y9 is the It does not represent the absolute power level received. Power test point Y9 is shown in the schematic. It is not present in the transmitter, but is an amplitude modulated signal on the transmitter signal power. It can be seen that as the power from the Y7x resistor increases, the Y7x voltage on the receiving coil L1 rises. When the 7x voltage reaches a level where actual charging of the power source C1 in the implant begins, the power Due to the loading that the source places on the receiving coil, the Y7x levels gradually decrease as the input power increases. It rises at a slower rate.

[0180] The receiving coil L1 is connected to a rectifier bridge that includes Schottky diodes D1x to D4x. The output voltage Y7 from the bridge is shown in Figure 5. Capacitor C6 is , which absorbs the high frequency charging current from the bridge and, together with Schottky diode D3, This prevents the 5kHz energy transfer frequency from getting into the rest of the circuit. The energy balance of the system was at a high level of 25% without the C6-D3 combination. Advantageously, the impedance is measured as the voltage across R1, which contains the kHz AC charging current. The power supply in the run is capacitor C1. Capacitor C3 is a high frequency decoupling capacitor. The resistor named LOAD is a virtual load for the power source inside the implant. The upper voltage Y5 is also shown in FIG. 5 along with the power graph Y9.

[0181] Voltage Y3 in FIG. 6 is a regulated approximately The voltage is 4.8V. The Y3 voltage is connected to the MosFet X2, the Zener diode D1, Stabilized by a fairly standard linear voltage regulator consisting of capacitor C4 and resistor R3. In Figure 6, the input voltage to the regulator is shown as Y5 and the output voltage is shown as Y3. be.

[0182] The X1 operational amplifier is the energy saver along with R6 and R7, which set the gain of the amplifier circuit to 10. The input signal to the circuit is shown in Figure 7. Y4 is fixed at a nearly constant level of about 2.74V by Zener diode D1. The voltage Y4 is shunted and high frequencies are filtered out by the capacitor C5. Part of the DC voltage is used to center the Y1 output voltage at 2.5V when balancing the energy. The voltage Y2 is essentially the voltage on R1. Same voltage as Y6, slightly higher frequencies are filtered out by R9 and C7, R8 The DC level is changed by the current flowing through it. When comparing Y6 and Y2, see Figure 7. Please refer to.

[0183] The energy balance output signal Y1 of the circuit of Figure 8 also corresponds closely to the Y6 voltage. The Y1 voltage is amplified by a factor of 10, so that the DC is centered around 2.5V instead of the 0V of the Y6 voltage. In the circuit connected to the energy balance output signal, Higher signal levels and a DC midpoint of about 2.5V are very easy to achieve.

[0184] Figure 9 shows the relationship between the energy balance signal Y1 and the actual voltage on the implant power supply. The energy balance signal is the derivative of the voltage level Y5 on the power supply. When the energy balance signal Y1 is negative relative to 2.5V, the voltage level Y5 decreases. When the energy balance signal Y is positive relative to 2.5V, the voltage level Y5 rises. The more negative or positive the energy balance signal Y1 is relative to 2.5V, the The faster the Y5 voltage on the power supply rises or falls.

[0185] The other circuit state in Figure 10 is probably how the energy balance signal is applied to the Y5 voltage on the power supply. Each trace corresponds to the amount of energy being applied to the power supply. The voltage is held constant and the load is varied from 5mA to 30mA in four discrete steps. The load is 30mA for the first 25ms, then The power supply is then at 5mA for the next 25ms, and then at 30mA and 5mA in the same order. If the Y5 voltage on the source drops at a constant level due to a 30mA load, the derivative level will be 2 When the Y5 voltage rises, the derivative voltage remains at a constant level below 0.5V. It is positive in all cases.

[0186] The two graphs in Figure 11 show the energy balance signal Y1 and the impedance as the load changes. The relationship between the energy imbalance in the circuit and the power input to the power supply is shown in the figure. The two traces in the first diagram of Figure 11 represent the charge current and the load current to the power supply. The charge current is represented by the IY12 trace, and the load current is represented by the IY10 trace. The second diagram in FIG. 11 shows the Y1 generated by the AC current shown in the first diagram. As shown, the energy imbalance in the power supply When the amount of storage changes, the derivative signal Y1 responds disproportionately quickly.

[0187] Allows an external power transmitter to adjust the transmitted power according to energy imbalances The energy balance signal is used as a feedback signal to an external power transmitter that The system must maintain an optimal energy balance and maximize efficiency. It is possible. Figure 12 shows the charge current and the load current to the power supply, where the charge current is IY The load current is represented by the IY10 trace and the load current is represented by the IY12 trace. The voltage level Y5 on the power supply and the energy balance signal Y1 in the system are also shown. This system provides high immunity to changes in load current by increasing the charging current. The small spikes in the energy balance signal are clearly visible. Only present at the edges where the load changes fast due to the finite bandwidth of the feedback loop Apart from these small spikes, the energy is in perfect balance.

[0188] 13a-13c show the device when attached to the wall of a body organ indicated by BO. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a generally constructed device according to the invention in different operating states; The devices are the constriction device and the stimulation device, indicated by CSD and the and a control device for controlling the constriction device and the stimulation device CSD. FIG. 9a shows a state in which the constriction device does not constrict the organ BO, and the stimulation device stimulates the organ BO. FIG. 13b shows the device in an unactivated, non-stimulated state. The wall of O is slightly constricted so that blood circulation within the constricted wall is hardly restricted, and The control device CD controls the wall to create a constriction in which the flow in the lumen is restricted. FIG. 13c shows the device in a non-constricted state, and FIG. 13b shows the stimulation device in a constricted wall state. Each of these different areas is stimulated, and therefore almost the entire wall of the organ BO is narrowed (thickened). FIG. 1 shows the device in a stimulated state controlled by a control device CD to close the lumen. .

[0189] Figures 13d and 13e show that the area to the left of the wall (see Figure 13d) is stimulated, while the area to the right of the wall (see Figure 13e) is stimulated. The first stimulation mode in which the area to the right of the wall is not stimulated, and the second stimulation mode in which the area to the right of the wall is not stimulated (see Figure 13e). A narrow gap is created between the first stimulation mode and the second stimulation mode in which the left side of the wall is stimulated while the left side of the wall is not stimulated. The stimulation of the narrowed wall changes cyclically, and the narrowed wall does not receive enough blood for a long time. This shows a state in which circulation is maintained.

[0190] The stimulation modes shown in Figs. 13d and 13e are used to determine how the narrowed wall of the organ BO It was noted that these merely constitute a principle example of how Therefore, more than two different areas of the narrowed wall can be simultaneously and cyclically In addition, different areas of the constricted wall can be stimulated sequentially. The groups can be stimulated sequentially.

[0191] 13f-13h show variations of the general embodiment shown in FIGS. 13a-13e. 1 shows different operating states of the constriction device and the stimulation device. The CSD consists of several separate constriction / stimulation members, here three members CSDE1, CS FIG. 13f shows the member SADE1 in the first operating state. is activated, constricting and stimulating the organ BO, thus closing off the lumen of the organ BO. Meanwhile, the other two members CSDE2 and CSDE3 are shown in an inoperative state. FIG. 13g shows the next second operating state of the member CSDE2, which is then activated and thus the lumen of the organ BO. is closed, while the other two components CSDE1 and CSDE3 are inoperative. FIG. 13h shows that the member CSDE3 in the third operating state is activated, thus causing the organ B The lumen of O is closed, while the other two components CSDE1 and CSDE2 are inoperative. The first state, the second operating state, and the third operating state are switched randomly or in a predetermined manner. By switching between these sequences, different parts of the organ are temporarily constricted. It allows the organ to be stimulated while the lumen of the organ remains closed, thereby The risk of damaging the organ is minimized. The actuator may be actuated continuously along the axis to move fluids and / or other bodily material within the lumen. It is possible.

[0192] 13i-13k show other modes of operation of variants of the general embodiment. Thus, FIG. 13i shows the first operating state of the member CSDE1 operating to constrict the organ BO. It stimulates and thus closes the lumen of the organ BO, while the other two members CS DE2 and CSDE3 act to constrict but not stimulate the organ BO, and therefore The lumen of the organ BO is not completely closed, and the members CSDE2 and CSDE3 are engaged with the organ BO. FIG. 13j shows the state in which the member CSDE2 in the second operating state is activated. It narrows and stimulates the organ BO, thus closing off the lumen of the organ BO, while Two of its members, CSDE1 and CSDE3, act to constrict but not stimulate the organ BO. Therefore, the lumen of the organ BO is not completely closed, and the members CSDE1 and CSDE FIG. 13k shows the member CS 3 in a third operating state. DE3 acts to constrict and stimulate the organ BO, thus narrowing the lumen of the organ BO. The other two components, CSDE1 and CSDE2, operate to constrict the organ BO. The lumen of the organ BO is not completely closed, but the member CSDE 1 and CSDE2 engage with the organ BO. and a third operating state, randomly or according to a predetermined sequence. By using the stimuli, different parts of the organ are stimulated temporarily while the lumen of the organ is kept closed. This allows the patient to remain in the body, thereby reducing the risk of organ damage. Stimulation of 1 to CSDE3 was performed continuously along the lumen of the organ BO to obtain the fluid and and / or other bodily matter may also be displaced.

[0193] 14-16 show fluid and / or tissue within a lumen formed by a tissue wall of an organ of a patient. 1 shows the basic components of an embodiment of a device according to the invention for controlling the flow of other bodily substances. The device comprises a tubular housing 1 having an open end and a A constriction device 2, a stimulation device 3 integrated with the constriction device 2, and a stimulation device 4 integrated with the constriction device The stimulation device 3 is provided with a control device 4 (shown in FIG. 16) for controlling the stimulation device 2 and the stimulation device 3. The constriction device 2 is arranged in the tubular housing 1 as a retractable tube as shown in FIG. and the clamp position shown in Figure 16. The stimulation device has two elongated clamping members 5, 6 which are radially movable. 3 is a clamp member 5, 6 in which the electric member 7 of one of the clamp members faces the electric member 7 of the other clamp member. The clamp members 5 and 6 are arranged so that the electrical components 7 are arranged on the clamp members 5 and 6. In this embodiment, the constriction device and the stimulation device are It forms an integrated constriction / stimulation unit as a single component.

[0194] The constriction device and the stimulation device may be separated from each other. In this case, the electrical members 7 are Alternatively, the electrical members 7 may be provided with a structure to hold them in a fixed orientation relative to each other. , may include electrodes separately attached to the wall of the patient's organ.

[0195] FIG. 17a shows an example of a delivered pulse according to an embodiment of the present invention. However, the relationship between time t1 and time t2 varies. There are.

[0196] FIG. 17b shows another example of a transmitted pulse according to the second embodiment of the invention. During time t1, a pulse train is sent, and during time t2, no pulse is sent. The pulses are constant. However, the relationship between time t1 and time t2 varies. [Explanation of symbols]

[0197] 100, 200 medical device; 102, 202 internal energy receiver; 104, 204 external energy source; 106, 206 external control unit; 108, 208 internal control unit; 110 internal signal transmitter; 112 external signal receiver.

Claims

1. 1. An apparatus for controlling the transmission of wireless energy between an external energy source and an electrically operable implantable medical device, comprising: an internal energy receiver connected to the electrically operable implantable medical device to receive the wireless energy transmitted from the external energy source and to supply the received energy, directly or indirectly, to the electrically operable implantable medical device; an energy stabilization unit located within the patient and configured to stabilize and / or store the energy received by the internal energy receiver before the energy is delivered, directly or indirectly, to the electrically operable implantable medical device; a control unit configured to determine a long-term energy balance between the energy received by the internal energy receiver and the energy consumed by or stored in an energy storage device of the electrically operable implantable medical device by detecting a difference in the integral of the energy consumed and / or stored in the electrically operable implantable medical device over time, and to control the transmission of the wireless energy from the external energy source based on the long-term energy balance; An apparatus comprising:

2. The external energy source is a primary coil for wirelessly transmitting energy; The internal energy receiver includes: A secondary coil is provided for receiving the wirelessly transmitted energy.

10. The apparatus of claim 1.

3. The control unit configured to reduce the amount of the transmitted wireless energy when the long-term energy balance indicates that the received energy is greater than the energy consumed by the electrically operable implantable medical device or stored in the energy storage device.

10. The apparatus of claim 1.

4. The energy stabilization unit comprises: Includes a capacitor to stabilize the received energy An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The energy stabilization unit comprises: Includes a semiconductor to stabilize the received energy An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. The energy stabilization unit comprises: Has a constant voltage circuit 6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The energy stabilization unit comprises: Has a constant current circuit An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The energy storage device is Has a rechargeable battery An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The energy storage device is Has a capacitor An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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