Airtight structure of building and construction method for airtight structure
Patent Information
- Application Number
- JP2023140901
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-13
Smart Images
Figure 2025034500000001_ABST
Abstract
Description
[Technical field]
[0001] The present invention relates to an airtight structure for a building and a method for constructing the airtight structure. [Background technology]
[0002] In buildings such as houses, a through hole is formed in an exterior wall portion as a partition portion separating indoors from outdoors, and an insertion member such as a duct may be inserted into the through hole. In such a configuration, airtight treatment is generally performed to close the gap between the through hole and the insertion member. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a ventilation duct (insertion member) is inserted into a through hole in an exterior wall portion, and airtight treatment is performed between the ventilation duct and the through hole.
[0003] To explain the configuration of Patent Document 1 in detail, in Patent Document 1, a cylindrical sleeve constituting a part of the ventilation duct is inserted in advance into the through hole of the exterior wall. During construction, the duct part constituting the remaining part of the ventilation duct is connected to this sleeve from the indoor side. After the connection, an airtight process is performed in which airtight tape is applied to the boundary between the duct part and the inner surface of the exterior wall. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]
[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5260351 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]
[0005] In some buildings, a unit bath is installed adjacent to an exterior wall. For example, in the configuration of Patent Document 1, when a unit bath is installed in a building, a ventilation duct may be installed above the ceiling of the unit bath.
[0006] Here, in such a configuration, it is assumed that the ventilation duct cannot be installed until the unit bath is installed in the building. However, when the unit bath is installed in the building, it is considered that the unit bath becomes an obstacle and it becomes difficult to access the vicinity of the through hole from inside the building. Therefore, in the configuration of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, after the unit bath is installed, it may be difficult to perform the airtight work of connecting the duct part to the sleeve and attaching airtight tape to the duct part and the inner surface of the exterior wall part.
[0007] In addition, the ceiling of the unit bath may have an attachment port for attaching a ventilation fan. In such a case, it is conceivable to access the vicinity of the through hole from inside the unit bath through the attachment port, and perform the work of connecting the duct part to the sleeve and attaching airtight tape to the duct part and the inner surface of the outer wall part. However, the attachment port is not necessarily located near the through hole in the ceiling of the unit bath, and in such a case, it is still difficult to perform the above work through the attachment port.
[0008] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and has as its main object to provide an airtight structure for a building, in which an insertion member such as a duct is inserted into a through hole formed in a partition that separates the indoors and outdoors, and which allows airtight work to be performed preferably to ensure airtightness at the insertion portion, and a construction method for the airtight structure. [Means for solving the problem]
[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the airtight structure of a building of the first invention is applied to a building comprising a partition that separates the indoors from the outdoors and an insertion member that is inserted into a through hole formed in the partition, and is an airtight structure of a building comprising an airtight member that seals the gap between the through hole and the insertion member, wherein the airtight member is tubular and has a tubular portion into which the insertion member is inserted, and a flange portion that is provided at one end of the tubular portion and fixed in an airtight state to the inner surface of the partition, and comprises an airtight tape affixed across the tip portion, which is the other end of the tubular portion, and the insertion member.
[0010] According to the first invention, an insertion member is inserted into a through hole formed in a partition that separates the indoor area from the outdoor area. A gap between the through hole and the insertion member is blocked by an airtight member. The airtight member has a tubular portion into which the insertion member is inserted, and a flange portion provided at one end of the tubular portion. The flange portion is fixed in an airtight state to the inner surface of the partition portion. In addition, an airtight tape is affixed across the tip end of the tubular portion and the insertion member. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent air from circulating between the indoor area and the outdoor area through the gap between the through hole and the insertion member.
[0011] In constructing the above airtight structure, first, the flange portion of the airtight member is fixed to the inner surface of the partition. Here, after the airtight member is fixed to the partition, for example, equipment or the like is installed at a position adjacent to the partition in the building, making it difficult to access the vicinity of the through hole indoors. In this respect, according to the above airtight structure, an airtight work is then performed in which an insertion member is inserted into the cylindrical portion of the airtight member, and an airtight tape is attached across the tip of the cylindrical portion and the insertion member. In this case, by positioning the tip of the cylindrical portion outdoors or at a position away from the through hole indoors, the above airtight work can be suitably performed even in a situation where the vicinity of the through hole cannot be accessed from indoors.
[0012] The airtight structure for a building according to a second aspect of the present invention is the airtight member according to the first aspect of the present invention, which is made of an airtight sheet material that is deformable.
[0013] In order to facilitate the insertion of the inserting member into the tubular portion of the airtight member, it is desirable to have a certain amount of gap between the tubular portion and the inserting member. On the other hand, if such a gap exists between the tubular portion and the inserting member, the airtight work of attaching the airtight tape across the tip of the tubular portion and the inserting member may become difficult. In view of this, in the second invention, the airtight member is formed from an airtight sheet material that is deformable. In this case, even if a gap is provided between the tubular portion and the inserting member, when attaching the airtight tape across the tip of the tubular portion and the inserting member, the tip of the tubular portion can be squeezed to attach the tape in a state where the tip of the tubular portion and the inserting member are in close contact with each other. This makes it possible to facilitate the insertion of the inserting member into the tubular portion while ensuring the ease of the airtight work.
[0014] The airtight structure of a building of the third invention is the airtight member of the second invention, wherein the tubular portion is inserted into the through hole, and the tubular portion is formed to have a length dimension greater than the thickness of the partition portion, and is positioned by being pushed into the indoor side of the through hole, so that the tip portion is located in the through hole.
[0015] According to the third invention, the airtight member is provided with its tubular portion inserted into the through hole. In addition, since the tubular portion has a length dimension greater than the thickness of the partition portion, when the airtight tape is applied across the tip of the tubular portion and the insertion member, the tip of the tubular portion can be applied in a state where it is pulled out from the through hole to the outdoor side. This makes it possible to suitably perform airtight work using the airtight tape outdoors, even when it is difficult to access the vicinity of the through hole from indoors.
[0016] In addition, the tubular portion is pushed into the indoor side of the through hole, so that the tip of the tubular portion is positioned in the through hole. In this configuration, after performing airtight work using the airtight tape outdoors, the insertion member is pushed into the indoor side to push the tubular portion indoors and deform it, so that the tip of the tubular portion can be positioned in the through hole. In this case, it is possible to prevent the airtight member from getting in the way when connecting the connecting member to the insertion member, also outdoors, after performing airtight work outdoors.
[0017] The airtight structure of a building of the fourth invention is the third invention, in which a room unit forming a room is installed within the building adjacent to an exterior wall portion serving as the partition, the through hole is formed in the exterior wall portion at a position higher than the ceiling portion of the room unit, and the insertion member is elongated and inserted into the through hole and disposed in the space above the ceiling portion.
[0018] In a building, a room unit that forms a room adjacent to an exterior wall may be installed. In such a building, a through hole may be formed in the exterior wall at a position higher than the ceiling of the room unit, and an insertion member that is inserted into the through hole may be disposed in the space above the ceiling of the room unit. In such a building, an airtight member is first fixed to the inner surface of the exterior wall, and then the room unit is installed. Then, the insertion member is inserted into the through hole from the outdoor side and disposed above the ceiling of the room unit. In this case, even if an attempt is made to access the vicinity of the through hole from indoors to perform airtight work between the insertion member and the airtight member, it is assumed that the room unit will be in the way and it will be difficult to access the vicinity of the through hole, and as a result, the airtight work cannot be performed. In this regard, in the fourth invention, the above-mentioned third invention is applied to such a configuration, so that even in such a configuration, it is possible to preferably perform airtight work outdoors.
[0019] The airtight structure of a building of the fifth invention is the same as that of the second invention, in which a room unit forming a room is installed within the building adjacent to an exterior wall portion serving as the partition, the through hole is formed in the exterior wall portion at a position higher than the ceiling portion of the room unit, the insertion member is elongated and inserted into the through hole and arranged in the space above the ceiling portion, an opening is formed in the ceiling portion to allow access from the room to the upper space, and the airtight member is oriented so that the tubular portion extends toward the indoor side relative to the flange portion.
[0020] According to the fifth aspect of the invention, as in the fourth aspect of the invention, a room unit is installed adjacent to an exterior wall in a building, and an insertion member inserted into a through hole in the exterior wall is disposed in an upper space of a ceiling of the room unit. Also, an opening is formed in the ceiling of the room unit, allowing access from the room of the room unit to the upper space of the ceiling.
[0021] In such a building, in the fifth aspect of the invention, the airtight member is provided with its tubular portion extending toward the indoor side relative to the flange portion. In this case, airtight work can be performed from inside the room unit by attaching airtight tape to the tip of the tubular portion and the insertion member through the opening in the ceiling. Since the tip of the tubular portion is located away from the through hole toward the indoor side, airtight work can be performed suitably even when the vicinity of the through hole cannot be accessed through the opening.
[0022] Incidentally, in the above configuration in which the tubular portion of the airtight member extends indoors relative to the flange portion, there is a risk that the ceiling portion of the room unit may interfere with the tubular portion when the room unit is installed inside the building. This is because the room unit is lifted upward when installed. In this regard, in the fifth invention, the airtight member is made of a sheet material and is therefore deformable, so that when the ceiling portion of the room unit interferes with the tubular portion of the airtight member, the tubular portion will be deformed. This makes it possible to prevent the airtight member from interfering with the installation of the room unit.
[0023] The airtight structure of a building of the sixth invention is any of the second to fifth inventions, wherein the insertion member includes a flexible pipe, the flexible pipe is inserted into the tubular portion, and the airtight tape is affixed across the tip of the tubular portion and the flexible pipe.
[0024] In the sixth invention, the insertion member includes a flexible tube, and the flexible tube is inserted into the cylindrical portion. An airtight tape is applied across the tip of the cylindrical portion and the flexible tube. The flexible tube has an uneven outer circumferential surface, and the outer diameter changes due to expansion and contraction. Therefore, in order to facilitate the insertion of the flexible tube into the cylindrical portion, it is desirable to make the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion sufficiently larger than the outer diameter of the flexible tube. However, this increases the gap between the cylindrical portion and the flexible tube, and as a result, the airtight work of applying the airtight tape across the cylindrical portion and the flexible tube may become significantly difficult. In this regard, in the sixth invention, the above-mentioned second invention is applied to such a configuration, so that even with such a configuration, it is possible to facilitate the insertion of the flexible tube into the cylindrical portion while ensuring the ease of the airtight work.
[0025] After the airtight tape is used to make the flexible pipe airtight, the flexible pipe is bent and pulled to be installed along a predetermined path. In this case, since the airtight member is made of a sheet material and is deformable, the airtight member can be deformed to follow the bending and pulling of the flexible pipe. This makes it possible to prevent the airtight tape attached across the tubular portion of the airtight member and the flexible pipe from coming off during the installation of the flexible pipe.
[0026] The construction method of an airtight structure of the seventh invention is a construction method for constructing an airtight structure of a building of the third invention, and includes an airtight member fixing step of fixing the flange portion to the inner surface of the partition portion with the tubular portion of the airtight member inserted into the through hole, an insertion step of inserting the inserting member into the tubular portion after the airtight member fixing step, an airtight step of applying the airtight tape across the tip and the inserting member with the tip of the tubular portion pulled out from the through hole to the outdoors after the insertion step, and a pushing step of pushing the inserting member into the indoor side after the airtight step, thereby pushing and deforming the tubular portion fixed via the inserting member and the airtight tape toward the indoor side, thereby positioning the tip in the through hole.
[0027] According to the seventh aspect of the invention, first, the flange portion is fixed to the inner surface of the partition portion with the cylindrical portion of the airtight member inserted into the through hole. Then, the insertion member is inserted into the cylindrical portion of the airtight member. Then, with the tip of the cylindrical portion pulled out from the through hole to the outdoors, an airtight process is performed in which airtight tape is applied across the tip of the cylindrical portion and the insertion member. In this configuration, for example, by installing a member in a position adjacent to the partition portion inside the building before the airtight process, it becomes possible to suitably perform the airtight process (airtight work) outdoors even if it becomes difficult to access the vicinity of the through hole from indoors.
[0028] In addition, after the airtight process, the inserting member is pushed into the indoor side, and the tubular part fixed to the inserting member via the airtight tape is pushed into the indoor side and deformed, so that the tip of the tubular part is positioned in the through hole. This makes it possible to prevent the airtight member from getting in the way when connecting the connecting member to the inserting member outdoors after the airtight process.
[0029] The construction method for an airtight structure of the eighth invention is applied to a building in which, in the seventh invention, a room unit forming a room is installed adjacent to an exterior wall portion serving as the partition, the exterior wall portion has a through hole formed at a position higher than the ceiling portion of the room unit, and the insertion member is elongated and inserted into the through hole to be arranged in the space above the ceiling portion, and includes a unit installation step of installing the room unit adjacent to the exterior wall portion within the building, and the unit installation step is performed after the airtight member fixing step and before the insertion step.
[0030] As described above, in a building, a room unit may be installed adjacent to an exterior wall. In such a building, when the room unit is installed in the building after the airtight member fixing process, the insertion process, and the airtight process are each completed, the room unit may interfere with the insertion member during installation. For example, when the room unit is installed, it is lifted upward, and there is a risk that the room unit may interfere with the insertion member when lifted.
[0031] In view of this, in the eighth invention, the unit installation process for installing the room unit inside the building is performed after the airtight member fixing process and before the insertion process. As a result, the insertion member is not present when the room unit is installed, so it is possible to avoid the room unit interfering with the insertion member. Also, since the cylindrical portion of the airtight member is inserted into the through hole, the only portion that protrudes from the outer wall portion to the indoor side is the flange portion. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the room unit interfering with the airtight member when installing the room unit.
[0032] In the eighth aspect of the present invention, the airtight process is performed after the room unit is installed. After the room unit is installed, the room unit gets in the way and access to the vicinity of the through hole from inside the building becomes difficult, but since the airtight process is performed outdoors as described above, the airtight process can be suitably performed even after the room unit is installed.
[0033] The construction method for an airtight structure of the ninth invention is a construction method for constructing an airtight structure for a building of the fifth invention, and includes an airtight member fixing step of fixing the flange portion to the inner surface of the exterior wall portion with the tubular portion of the airtight member oriented so as to extend toward the indoor side relative to the flange portion, and a unit installation step of installing the room unit inside the building after the airtight member fixing step, and an insertion step of inserting the insertion member into the through hole and the tubular portion, respectively, after the unit installation step, and an airtight step of applying the airtight tape from the room through the opening and spanning the tip end of the tubular portion and the insertion member.
[0034] According to the ninth invention, the flange portion is fixed to the inner surface of the outer wall portion with the cylindrical portion of the airtight member oriented to extend toward the indoor side relative to the flange portion. After that, the room unit is installed in the building. In this case, since the airtight member is formed deformably from an airtight sheet material, if the room unit interferes with the cylindrical portion of the airtight member during installation of the room unit, the cylindrical portion will be deformed. Therefore, even if the airtight member is configured to protrude toward the indoor side, it is possible to avoid the installation of the room unit being hindered by the airtight member. In addition, since the insertion process is performed after the installation of the room unit, it is possible to avoid the room unit interfering with the insertion member during installation of the room unit, as in the eighth invention.
[0035] In the airtight process, an airtight tape is applied from inside the room unit to straddle the tip of the cylindrical part and the insertion member through an opening formed in the ceiling of the room unit. In this case, since the tip of the cylindrical part is located away from the through hole on the indoor side, it is possible to perform the airtight work suitably even if the vicinity of the through hole cannot be accessed through the opening. [Brief description of the drawings]
[0036] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing the configuration of a building unit in which a unit bath according to the first embodiment is installed. [Diagram 2] FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an airtight structure of a duct insertion portion. [Diagram 3] FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a construction method of an airtight structure. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an airtight structure of a duct insertion portion in a second embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a construction method of an airtight structure. [Figure 7] FIG. 13(a) is a view of an airtight member according to another embodiment as viewed from the flange side, and FIG. 13(b) is a view illustrating a procedure for forming the airtight member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0037] [First embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a building is a modular building constructed by combining a plurality of building units. In a modular building, each building unit is manufactured in advance in a manufacturing factory, and each manufactured building unit is transported to a construction site by truck. Then, at the construction site, the transported building units are assembled to construct a building.
[0038] This building is equipped with a unit bath that forms a bathroom. Each building unit that constitutes the building includes a building unit in which a unit bath is installed, and the configuration of the building unit will be described below with reference to Figure 1. Figure 1 is a schematic side view showing the configuration of a building unit in which a unit bath is installed.
[0039] As shown in Fig. 1, the building unit 11 has a frame body formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Although not shown, the frame body has four pillars erected at its four corners, ceiling girders connecting the upper ends of adjacent pillars, and floor girders connecting the lower ends of adjacent pillars. The building unit 11 is constructed by attaching ceiling surface materials, floor surface materials, wall surface materials, etc. to the frame body.
[0040] A ceiling portion 13 is formed on the upper surface of the building unit 11, and a floor portion 14 is formed on the lower surface thereof. A wall portion 15 is formed on each side portion of the building unit 11. In FIG. 1, the wall portion 15 on the left side is the outer wall portion, and hereinafter, this wall portion 15 will be referred to as the outer wall portion 15. This outer wall portion 15 separates the inside of the building unit 11 from the outdoors, and thus separates the indoors from the outdoors. The outer wall portion 15 corresponds to the "partition portion."
[0041] A unit bath 20 forming a bathroom 19 is installed in the building unit 11. The unit bath 20 is arranged adjacent to the exterior wall portion 15 within the building unit 11. A ventilation fan 21 is attached to the ceiling portion 20a of the unit bath 20. A mounting opening 23 for mounting the ventilation fan 21 is provided in the ceiling portion 20a, and the ventilation fan 21 is attached to the mounting opening 23. The bathroom 19 corresponds to a "room", and the unit bath 20 corresponds to a "room unit". Furthermore, the ceiling portion 20a corresponds to the "ceiling portion of the room unit".
[0042] A ventilation duct 25 is connected to the ventilation fan 21. The ventilation duct 25 is disposed in an attic space 26, which is the space above the ceiling portion 20a of the unit bathroom 20. The attic space 26 is the space between the ceiling portion 20a of the unit bathroom 20 and the ceiling portion 13. The ventilation duct 25 corresponds to the "insertion member." Furthermore, the attic space 26 corresponds to the "space above the ceiling portion of the room unit."
[0043] A hole 28 is formed in the exterior wall 15, penetrating the exterior wall 15 in the thickness direction. The outdoors and the attic space 26 are connected via this hole 28. The hole 28 is located at a position higher than the ceiling 20a of the unit bath 20. A ventilation hood 29 is provided on the outdoors side of the exterior wall 15. The ventilation hood 29 is located so as to cover the hole 28 from the outdoors side. The hole 28 corresponds to the "through hole". The ventilation hood 29 corresponds to the "connecting member".
[0044] A ventilation duct 25 is inserted into the hole 28. The ventilation duct 25 is connected to a ventilation hood 29. As a result, when the ventilation fan 21 is operated, the air inside the unit bath 20 (i.e., the bathroom 19) is exhausted to the outside through the ventilation duct 25 and the ventilation hood 29.
[0045] An airtight structure is constructed in the duct insertion portion where the ventilation duct 25 is inserted into the hole 28 of the outer wall portion 15. Hereinafter, such an airtight structure will be described with reference to Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the airtight structure of the duct insertion portion. Note that Fig. 2 shows the ventilation duct 25 as seen from the side (this also applies to Figs. 4 to 6 described later).
[0046] As shown in Fig. 2, the exterior wall portion 15 has an exterior wall surface material 31 provided facing the outdoors, an interior wall surface material 32 provided facing the indoors, and an inner-wall insulation material 33 provided between the exterior wall surface material 31 and the interior wall surface material 32. The exterior wall surface material 31 is formed, for example, from a ceramic siding board, and the interior wall surface material 32 is formed, for example, from a gypsum board. The inner-wall insulation material 33 is formed, for example, from glass wool. Reference numeral 35 in Fig. 2 denotes a ceiling surface material that forms the ceiling portion 13.
[0047] The exterior wall surface material 31, the interior wall surface material 32, and the in-wall insulation material 33 are each formed with holes 31a-33a penetrating in the thickness direction of the exterior wall portion 15. These holes 31a-33a are mutually connected, and the above-mentioned hole 28 is formed including these holes 31a-33a. Therefore, the hole 28 is a hole formed straddling the exterior wall surface material 31, the in-wall insulation material 33, and the interior wall surface material 32.
[0048] The ventilation duct 25 inserted through the hole 28 has a first duct 41 connected to the ventilation fan 21 and a second duct 42 connected to the ventilation hood 29. The first duct 41 and the second duct 42 are both tubular and connected to each other. The first duct 41 is made of a flexible duct made of aluminum and is flexible and deformable. The second duct 42 is made of a hard duct made of polyvinyl chloride and is inserted through the hole 28. The length of the second duct 42 is slightly longer than the length of the hole 28 (the thickness of the outer wall 15). The length of the first duct 41 is sufficiently longer than the length of the second duct 42. The first duct 41 corresponds to the "flexible pipe".
[0049] An airtight member 45 is provided on the outer wall portion 15 to close the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the hole portion 28 and the outer peripheral surface of the ventilation duct 25. Hereinafter, the configuration of the airtight member 45 will be described with reference to Fig. 3 in addition to Fig. 2. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the airtight member 45.
[0050] 2 and 3, the airtight member 45 has a tubular portion 46 formed in a cylindrical shape, and a flange portion 47 provided at one axial end of the tubular portion 46. The flange portion 47 is formed to extend outward from the tubular portion 46 and has an annular shape. The other axial end of the tubular portion 46 is hereinafter referred to as a tip portion 46a of the tubular portion 46.
[0051] The airtight member 45 is formed of an airtight sheet having airtightness. The airtight sheet is made of, for example, a resin or metal film. This allows the airtight member 45 to be deformable. Note that FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the airtight member 45 in a state where the airtight member 45 is not deformed (i.e., in a natural state). In the natural state of the airtight member 45, the inner diameter of the tubular portion 46 is larger than the outer diameter of the ventilation duct 25.
[0052] The airtight member 45 is provided with its tubular portion 46 inserted into the hole 28 from the indoor side. A flange portion 47 of the airtight member 45 is fixed to the indoor surface 34 of the inner wall surface material 32. In this case, the flange portion 47 and the indoor surface 34 of the inner wall surface material 32 are fixed in an airtight state using airtight tape or the like. The indoor surface 34 of the inner wall surface material 32 is the indoor surface of the outer wall portion 15 that faces the indoors, and corresponds to the "inner surface of the outer wall portion (and therefore the partition portion)."
[0053] The cylindrical portion 46 extends from the flange portion 47 to the outdoor side. The cylindrical portion 46 is formed to have a length dimension L (length dimension in the axial direction) larger than the thickness t of the outer wall portion 15. More specifically, the length dimension L of the cylindrical portion 46 in its natural state is larger than the thickness t of the outer wall portion 15. The cylindrical portion 46 is disposed in a state in which it is pressed and deformed toward the indoor side in the hole portion 28. As a result, the tip portion 46a of the cylindrical portion 46 is located in the hole portion 28, for example, in the hole portion 33a of the wall insulation material 33.
[0054] The ventilation duct 25 is inserted into the inside of the cylindrical portion 46. In this case, the second duct 42 of the ventilation duct 25 is inserted into the inside of the cylindrical portion 46. In this inserted state, an airtight tape 49 is attached across the tip end 46a of the cylindrical portion 46 and the second duct 42. This ensures an airtight state between the cylindrical portion 46 and the second duct 42. The airtight tape 49 is also attached in an annular shape over the entire boundary between the tip end 46a of the cylindrical portion 46 and the second duct 42.
[0055] More specifically, the attachment of the airtight tape 49 is performed by drawing the tip side of the cylindrical portion 46 inward, so that the tip portion 46a of the cylindrical portion 46 is tightly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the second duct 42. In this tightly attached state, the airtight tape 49 is attached to the tip portion 46a of the cylindrical portion 46 and the outer peripheral surface of the second duct 42. The airtight tape 49 is disposed in the hole 28 of the outer wall portion 15.
[0056] Next, a construction method for constructing the above-mentioned airtight structure will be described with reference to Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a diagram for explaining the construction method for the airtight structure. In the following, it is assumed that the building units 11 are manufactured in advance at a unit manufacturing factory, and a case where an airtight structure is constructed for the building units 11 will be described. The construction work for the airtight structure is performed, for example, at a unit manufacturing factory.
[0057] When constructing an airtight structure, first, as shown in Fig. 4(a), an airtight member fixing process is performed in which the flange portion 47 is fixed to the indoor surface 34 of the inner wall surface material 32 with the tubular portion 46 of the airtight member 45 inserted into the hole 28 of the outer wall portion 15. In this process, the flange portion 47 is fixed in an airtight state to the indoor surface 34 of the inner wall surface material 32 using airtight tape or the like.
[0058] Next, as shown in FIG. 4(b), a unit bath installation step is performed to install the unit bath 20 in the building unit 11. In this step, the unit bath 20 is installed adjacent to the exterior wall portion 15. In this step, the unit bath 20 is lifted upward using a lift device or the like and installed. Here, since only the flange portion 47 of the airtight member 45 protrudes indoors beyond the indoor surface 34 of the interior wall surface material 32, the unit bath 20 can be prevented from interfering with the airtight member 45 when the unit bath 20 is installed. The unit bath installation step corresponds to the "unit installation step" of claim 8. In addition, during the unit bath installation step, the ventilation fan 21 is not installed in the installation opening 23 of the unit bath 20, and the installation opening 23 is in an open state.
[0059] 4(c), a duct insertion step is performed in which the ventilation duct 25 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 46 of the airtight member 45. In this step, the ventilation duct 25 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 46 from the outdoors. In this case, the second duct 42 of the ventilation duct 25 is inserted so as to be disposed inside the cylindrical portion 46. As a result, the ventilation duct 25 is inserted into the hole 28 of the exterior wall portion 15, and disposed in the space above the ceiling portion 20a of the unit bath 20 (attic space 26). The duct insertion step corresponds to the "insertion step" of claim 7.
[0060] 4(d), an airtight process is performed in which an airtight tape 49 is applied across the tip 46a and the second duct 42 in a state where the tip 46a of the cylindrical portion 46 is pulled out to the outside from the hole 28. In this process, the tip side of the cylindrical portion 46 is squeezed and deformed to bring the tip 46a into close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the second duct 42, and the airtight tape 49 is applied to the tip 46a and the second duct 42. The airtight process corresponds to the "airtight process" of claim 7.
[0061] 4(e), a pushing process is performed in which the ventilation duct 25 is pushed indoors to push and deform the tubular portion 46 fixed to the ventilation duct 25 via the airtight tape 49, thereby positioning the tip portion 46a of the tubular portion 46 in the hole 28. By performing this process, the airtight tape 49 is also positioned in the hole 28.
[0062] 4(f), a hood connecting process is performed in which the ventilation hood 29 is connected to the second duct 42 of the ventilation duct 25 and the ventilation hood 29 is attached to the outdoor surface of the exterior wall portion 15 (exterior wall surface material 31). Since the above-mentioned pushing process causes the cylindrical portion 46 of the airtight member 45 to be pushed into the hole portion 28, it is possible to prevent the airtight member 45 from getting in the way when connecting the ventilation hood 29 to the second duct 42, etc.
[0063] After that, although not shown in the drawings, the ventilation duct 25 (first duct 41) is connected to the ventilation fan 21 from inside the unit bath 20 (i.e., the bathroom 19) through the mounting opening 23, and the ventilation fan 21 is mounted to the mounting opening 23. With the above, a series of operations is completed.
[0064] It should be noted that the above-mentioned steps do not necessarily have to be performed in a unit manufacturing factory. For example, some of the steps may be performed at a construction site where a building is constructed.
[0065] According to the configuration of this embodiment described in detail above, the following excellent effects can be obtained.
[0066] Since the unit installation process for installing the unit bathroom 20 in the building unit 11 is performed before the duct insertion process, it is possible to prevent the unit bathroom 20 from interfering with the ventilation duct 25 when the unit bathroom 20 is installed.
[0067] In addition, by carrying out the duct insertion step and the airtight step after the unit installation step, the unit bathroom 20 is already installed in the building unit 11 when the airtight step is carried out. In this regard, since airtight tape 49 is attached across the tip 46a of the tubular part 46 of the airtight member 45 and the ventilation duct 25 in a state where the tip 46a is pulled out from the hole 28 to the outside during the airtight step, the airtight work can be preferably carried out outdoors even when it is difficult to access the vicinity of the hole 28 from indoors because the unit bathroom 20 is in the way.
[0068] In the configuration in which the ventilation duct 25 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 46 of the airtight member 45, a predetermined gap is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 46 and the outer peripheral surface of the ventilation duct 25, so that the ventilation duct 25 can be easily inserted into the inside of the cylindrical portion 46. In addition, when such a gap is provided between the cylindrical portion 46 and the ventilation duct 25, the airtight work of attaching the airtight tape 49 across the tip portion 46a of the cylindrical portion 46 and the ventilation duct 25 may become difficult. In this regard, since the airtight member 45 is formed to be deformable by an airtight sheet, the tip side of the cylindrical portion 46 is squeezed and deformed to bring the tip portion 46a into close contact with the ventilation duct 25, and the airtight tape 49 can be attached to the tip portion 46a and the ventilation duct 25. This makes it possible to easily insert the ventilation duct 25 into the cylindrical portion 46 while ensuring the ease of the airtight work.
[0069] [Second embodiment] Next, a second embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the airtight structure using the airtight member is different from that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the airtight structure of this embodiment will be described below with reference to Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the airtight structure of the duct insertion part in this embodiment.
[0070] In this embodiment, the airtight member 55 has the same configuration as the airtight member 45 of the first embodiment. That is, as shown in Fig. 5, the airtight member 55 has a cylindrical tubular portion 56 and a flange portion 57 provided at one end of the tubular portion 56. In addition, the airtight member 55 is formed to be deformable by an airtight sheet. In the following, the other end of the tubular portion 56 is referred to as a tip portion 56a of the tubular portion 56.
[0071] The flange portion 57 of the airtight member 55 is fixed in an airtight state to the indoor surface 34 of the inner wall surface material 32. The airtight member 55 is arranged such that the tubular portion 56 extends toward the indoor side relative to the flange portion 57. In this arrangement, the inside of the tubular portion 56 and the hole 28 of the outer wall portion 15 are in communication with each other. The tubular portion 56 of the airtight member 55 is also arranged above the ceiling portion 20a of the unit bathroom 20.
[0072] The ventilation duct 25 is inserted between the hole 28 of the outer wall portion 15 and the inside of the cylindrical portion 56. In this case, the second duct 42 of the ventilation duct 25 is inserted into the hole 28, and the first duct 41 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 56. In more detail, the first duct 41 is inserted into at least the tip side of the cylindrical portion 56.
[0073] An airtight tape 59 is attached to the tip end 56a of the cylindrical portion 56 and the first duct 41, straddling both the tip end 56a and the first duct 41. This ensures an airtight state between the first duct 41 and the cylindrical portion 56. More specifically, the tip end side of the cylindrical portion 56 is squeezed and deformed, so that the tip end 56a of the cylindrical portion 56 is in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the first duct 41. Then, the airtight tape 59 is attached to the tip end 56a of the cylindrical portion 56 and the outer circumferential surface of the first duct 41 in this close contact state.
[0074] Next, a method for constructing the above-mentioned airtight structure will be described with reference to Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining the method for constructing the airtight structure.
[0075] First, as shown in Fig. 6(a), an airtight member fixing step is performed in which the flange portion 57 is fixed to the indoor surface 34 of the inner wall surface material 32 with the tubular portion 56 of the airtight member 55 oriented so as to extend toward the indoor side relative to the flange portion 57. As a result, the airtight member 55 is disposed in a state in which it protrudes from the inner wall surface material 32 toward the indoor side. This step corresponds to the "airtight member fixing step" of claim 9.
[0076] Next, as shown in FIG. 6(b), a unit bath installation step is performed to install the unit bath 20 in the building unit 11. In this step, the unit bath 20 is installed adjacent to the outer wall portion 15. In this step, the unit bath 20 is lifted upward using a lift device or the like and installed (see the two-dot chain line in FIG. 6(b)). For this reason, when the unit bath 20 is installed, the ceiling portion 20a of the unit bath 20 may interfere with the airtight member 55. In this regard, as described above, since the airtight member 55 is formed by an airtight sheet so as to be deformable, when the unit bath 20 interferes with the airtight member 55, the airtight member 55 will be deformed. As a result, even if the airtight member 55 is configured to protrude from the inner wall surface material 32 to the indoor side, it is possible to avoid the installation of the unit bath 20 being hindered by the airtight member 55. The unit bath installation step corresponds to the "unit installation step" of claim 9. During the unit bath installation process, ventilation fan 21 is not attached to mounting opening 23 of unit bath 20, and mounting opening 23 is left open. In unit bath 20 of this embodiment, mounting opening 23 is positioned closer to exterior wall 15 than unit bath 20 of the first embodiment.
[0077] 6(c), a duct insertion step is performed in which the ventilation duct 25 is inserted into the hole 28 of the outer wall portion 15 and the tubular portion 56 of the airtight member 55. In this step, the ventilation duct 25 is inserted from the outdoors in a state in which it straddles the hole 28 and the tubular portion 56. Specifically, the ventilation duct 25 is inserted so that the second duct 42 of the ventilation duct 25 is disposed in the hole 28 and the first duct 41 is disposed in the tubular portion 56. The duct insertion step corresponds to the "insertion step" of claim 9.
[0078] 6(d), an airtight process is performed in which an airtight tape 59 is attached from inside the unit bathroom 20 (in other words, the bathroom 19) to the tip 56a of the tubular part 56 and the first duct 41 through the attachment opening 23. This process corresponds to the "airtight process" in claim 9. The attachment opening 23 corresponds to the "opening".
[0079] Next, as shown in FIG. 6(e), a hood connecting process is performed in which the ventilation hood 29 is connected to the second duct 42 of the ventilation duct 25 outdoors and the ventilation hood 29 is attached to the outdoor surface of the exterior wall portion 15 (exterior wall surface material 31).
[0080] After that, although not shown in the figure, the ventilation duct 25 (first duct 41) is connected to the ventilation fan 21 from inside the unit bath 20 (i.e., the bathroom 19) through the mounting port 23, and the ventilation fan 21 is attached to the mounting port 23. Here, during this work, the first duct 41 is arranged along a predetermined path while bending and pulling the first duct 41. In this case, since the airtight member 55 fixed to the first duct 41 via the airtight tape 59 is formed to be deformable by the airtight sheet, it is possible to deform the airtight member 55 by following the bending and pulling of the first duct 41. This makes it possible to prevent the airtight tape 59 from peeling off during the work of arranging the first duct 41. With the above, a series of operations is completed.
[0081] It should be noted that the above-mentioned steps do not necessarily have to be performed in a unit manufacturing factory. For example, some of the steps may be performed at a construction site where a building is constructed.
[0082] According to the configuration of this embodiment described in detail above, the following excellent effects can be obtained.
[0083] The flange portion 57 is fixed to the indoor surface 34 of the inner wall surface material 32 with the cylindrical portion 56 of the airtight member 55 oriented so as to extend indoors relative to the flange portion 57. In this case, the tip portion 56a of the cylindrical portion 56 can be positioned at a position spaced indoors from the hole portion 28 of the outer wall portion 15. After the unit bath 20 is installed in the building unit 11, an airtight tape 59 is attached from inside the unit bath 20 (bathroom 19) through the attachment opening 23 across the tip portion 56a of the cylindrical portion 56 of the airtight member 55 and the ventilation duct 25 to perform an airtight work (airtight process). With this configuration, even if it is difficult to access the vicinity of the hole portion 28 from inside the unit bath 20 through the attachment opening 23, the airtight work can be suitably performed from inside the unit bath 20 through the attachment opening 23.
[0084] [Other embodiments] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be implemented, for example, as follows.
[0085] (1) The configuration of the airtight members 45, 55 is not necessarily limited to those in the above-described embodiments. For example, as shown in Fig. 7(a), a flange portion 67 of an airtight member 65 may be configured to have a plurality of flange pieces 68 divided in the circumferential direction. In this case, too, each flange piece 68, i.e., the flange portion 67, can be fixed in an airtight state to the indoor surface 34 of the inner wall surface material 32 using airtight tape or the like.
[0086] Moreover, the airtight member 65 can be formed, for example, as follows. First, as shown in Fig. 7(b), a cylindrical tubular body 71 is formed from an airtight sheet 69 forming the airtight member 65, and a plurality of notches 72 are formed on one axial end side of the tubular body 71. These notches 72 are formed so as to extend in the axial direction of the tubular body 71 and to be open at one axial end of the tubular body 71. Note that each notch 72 may be formed in the state of the airtight sheet 69 (i.e., before the tubular body 71 is formed) or may be formed after the tubular body 71 is formed from the airtight sheet 69.
[0087] After each notch 72 is formed, the divided pieces 73 separated by each notch 72 are bent outward to form each flange piece 68 (see FIG. 7(a)). In this case, the portion of the cylindrical body 71 excluding each flange piece 68 becomes the cylindrical portion 66. According to this method of forming the airtight member 65, the cylindrical portion 66 and the flange portion 67 (each flange piece 68) can be formed from one airtight sheet 69, so that the airtight member 65 can be formed relatively easily.
[0088] (2) In each of the above embodiments, the airtight members 45, 55 are formed to be deformable by an airtight sheet, but the airtight members may be formed, for example, by hard resin or metal material having airtightness. However, in this case, since the cylindrical portion of the airtight member cannot be squeezed and deformed during the airtight process, it is necessary to set the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion to be approximately the same as the outer diameter of the ventilation duct 25. Therefore, when inserting the ventilation duct 25 into the cylindrical portion, it may be difficult to insert it. In view of this, it is desirable to form the airtight member to be deformable by an airtight sheet.
[0089] (3) In each of the above embodiments, the ventilation duct 25 is inserted as an insertion member into the hole 28 of the outer wall portion 15, but a piping member other than the ventilation duct or a member other than a piping member may be inserted as the insertion member. In such cases, the airtight structure and construction method of the present invention may be applied.
[0090] (4) In each of the above embodiments, the unit bath 20 forming the bathroom 19 is installed in the building unit 11, but instead of this, a room unit other than the unit bath 20, such as a drying room unit (corresponding to a room unit) forming a drying room (corresponding to a room), may be installed. In this case, the airtight structure and construction method of the present invention can also be applied.
[0091] (5) For example, instead of providing the unit bathroom 20 in the building unit 11, a configuration can be considered in which a ceiling surface material (hereinafter referred to as a dropped ceiling) is provided at a position lower than the ceiling portion 13. In such a configuration, it is also possible to arrange an insertion member such as a duct in the space above the dropped ceiling. Even in such a configuration, if the dropped ceiling is installed after the airtight member 45 (flange portion 47) is fixed to the indoor surface 34 of the inner wall surface material 32, the dropped ceiling will get in the way and make it difficult to access the vicinity of the hole 28 indoors. Therefore, the airtight structure and construction method of the present invention may be applied to such a configuration to make it possible to perform airtight work conveniently.
[0092] (6) In the above embodiments, the ventilation duct 25 (corresponding to the insertion member) is inserted through the hole 28 of the exterior wall 15, but it is also possible to form a hole (corresponding to a through hole) that connects the indoors and outdoors in a partition other than the exterior wall, such as a roof, and insert the insertion member through the hole. Therefore, the airtight structure and construction method of the present invention may be applied to such a configuration.
[0093] (7) In each of the above embodiments, the airtight structure and construction method of the present invention are applied to a modular building, but the present invention can also be applied to buildings of other structures, such as buildings constructed using a steel frame construction method. [Explanation of symbols]
[0094] 15...exterior wall portion as partition, 19...bathroom as room, 20...unit bath as room unit, 20a...ceiling portion, 23...mounting port as opening, 25...ventilation duct as insertion member, 28...hole portion as through hole, 41...first duct as flexible pipe, 45...airtight member, 46...cylindrical portion, 46a...tip portion, 47...flange portion, 49...airtight tape, 55...airtight member, 56...cylindrical portion, 56a...tip portion, 57...flange portion, 59...airtight tape.
Claims
1. A partition that separates the indoor area from the outdoor area; and an insertion member that is inserted into a through hole formed in the partition portion, An airtight structure for a building including an airtight member that closes a gap between the through hole and the insertion member, The airtight member is a cylindrical portion having an inner side into which the insertion member is inserted; a flange portion provided at one end of the cylindrical portion and fixed in an airtight manner to an inner surface of the partition portion, An airtight structure for a building, comprising an airtight tape affixed across the tip portion, which is the other end portion of the cylindrical portion, and the insertion member.
2. 2. The airtight structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein the airtight member is formed of an airtight sheet material so as to be deformable.
3. the airtight member is provided in a state in which the cylindrical portion is inserted into the through hole, 3. An airtight structure of a building as described in claim 2, wherein the tubular portion is formed to have a length dimension greater than the thickness of the partition portion, and is positioned by being pushed into the indoor side of the through hole, so that the tip portion is located in the through hole.
4. A room unit forming a room is installed in the building adjacent to the exterior wall portion serving as the partition portion, The through hole is formed in the outer wall portion at a position higher than a ceiling portion of the room unit, 4. The airtight structure for a building according to claim 3, wherein the insertion member is elongated, inserted into the through hole, and disposed in the space above the ceiling portion.
5. A room unit forming a room is installed in the building adjacent to the exterior wall portion serving as the partition portion, The through hole is formed in the outer wall portion at a position higher than a ceiling portion of the room unit, The insertion member has an elongated shape, is inserted through the through hole, and is disposed in the space above the ceiling portion, An opening is formed in the ceiling portion, allowing access from the chamber to the upper space, The airtight structure for a building according to claim 2 , wherein the airtight member is provided with the tubular portion extending toward the indoor side relative to the flange portion.
6. The insertion member includes a flexible tube, The flexible tube is inserted into the cylindrical portion, 6. The airtight structure of a building according to claim 2, wherein the airtight tape is attached across the tip of the cylindrical portion and the flexible pipe.
7. A construction method for constructing the airtight structure of a building according to claim 3, an airtight member fixing process of fixing the flange portion to an inner surface of the partition portion in a state in which the cylindrical portion of the airtight member is inserted into the through hole; an insertion step of inserting the insertion member into the cylindrical portion after the airtight member fixing step; an airtight step of attaching the airtight tape across the tip end and the insertion member in a state in which the tip end of the tubular portion is pulled out from the through hole to the outside after the insertion step; a pushing step in which, after the airtight step, the inserting member is pushed into the indoor side, thereby pushing and deforming the tubular portion fixed to the inserting member and the airtight tape into the indoor side, so that the tip portion is positioned in the through hole; The construction method of the airtight structure includes the steps of:
8. A room unit forming a room is installed adjacent to the outer wall portion as the partition portion, The through hole is formed in the outer wall portion at a position higher than a ceiling portion of the room unit, The insertion member is elongated and inserted into the through hole to be applied to a building arranged in an upper space above the ceiling portion, A unit installation step of installing the room unit adjacent to the exterior wall portion inside the building, 8. The method for constructing an airtight structure according to claim 7, wherein the unit installation step is performed after the airtight member fixing step and before the insertion step.
9. A construction method for constructing the airtight structure of a building according to claim 5, an airtight member fixing process for fixing the flange portion to an inner surface of the outer wall portion in a state in which the tubular portion of the airtight member is oriented to extend toward the indoor side relative to the flange portion; a unit installation step of installing the room unit in the building after the airtight member fixing step; an insertion step of inserting the insertion member into the through hole and the cylindrical portion after the unit installation step; an airtight step of attaching the airtight tape from the chamber through the opening to the tip end of the cylindrical portion and the insertion member; The construction method of the airtight structure includes the steps of:
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Out put controller for maintaining preedetermined velocity of heat gas engine
JP1977060351A