Control and repellent agent for gastropods
The use of ginger extract as a gastropod repellent, with specific polyphenol and gingerol content, addresses the ineffectiveness of current methods for controlling slugs and snails, offering a safe and effective solution for crop protection by repelling or exterminating these pests without harming plants.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- JP2023179931
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-02
AI Technical Summary
Current methods for controlling gastropods like slugs and snails, which damage crops by eating mushrooms, vegetables, and fruits, are not entirely effective and may have adverse effects on plants.
A gastropod repellent using ginger extract as the active ingredient, with a polyphenol content of 0.1% by weight or more and a total gingerol content of 10% by weight or more, which is sprayed directly onto gastropods or plants to repel or exterminate them.
The ginger extract-based repellent effectively repels or kills gastropods with high mortality rates and repellent efficacy, while being non-toxic to plants, thus providing a safe and effective solution for crop protection.
Smart Images
Figure 2025069969000001_ABST
Abstract
Description
[Technical field]
[0001] The present invention relates to an agent for exterminating and repellent for gastropods, a method for exterminating and repellent for gastropods, and the like. [Background technology]
[0002] Gastropods such as slugs and snails damage mushrooms, vegetables, fruits, etc., so methods of extermination have been studied.
[0003] Non-patent document 1 examines methods for controlling slugs in shiitake mushroom cultivation on mushroom beds, and states that the control effect of Tabasco, citric acid, malic acid, pepper, garlic, cinnamon, wasabi paste, mustard paste, etc. was confirmed, and the repellent effect of malic acid, garlic, etc. was confirmed. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]
[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] Tetsuo Matsumoto, “Methods for controlling slugs in mushroom bed cultivation”, Research Report of Gunma Prefectural Forestry Experiment Station, July 2022, No. 26, p.22-36 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]
[0005] The present invention provides an agent for exterminating and repellenting gastropods, which contains an ingredient derived from a natural product as an active ingredient, and a method for exterminating and repellenting gastropods using the same. [Means for solving the problem]
[0006] The inventors have discovered that ginger extract has a repellent effect against gastropods, and have completed the present invention.
[0007] That is, the present invention relates to the following aspects [1] to [4]. [1] A gastropod repellent containing ginger extract as its active ingredient. [2] The gastropod repellent according to [1], which is a ginger extract containing 0.1% by weight or more of polyphenols. [3] The gastropod repellent according to [1] or [2], wherein the total amount of gingerol and gingerol in the polyphenols is 10% by weight or more. [4] A method for exterminating or repelling gastropods, comprising spraying the gastropod extermination and repellent according to any one of [1] to [3] directly onto gastropods or onto plants, thereby exterminating or repelling gastropods. Effect of the Invention
[0008] The present invention provides a gastropod extermination and repellent agent containing a component derived from a natural product as an active ingredient, and a method for extermination and repellent using the same. [Brief description of the drawings]
[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows diagrams for explaining the tests of Examples 4 to 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0010] The gastropod extermination and repellent of the present invention contains ginger extract as an active ingredient, and exerts a gastropod extermination and / or repellent effect by spraying it directly on gastropods or on plants.
[0011] The ginger extract used in the present invention is an extract obtained from a plant of the Zingiberaceae family, and examples thereof include extracts obtained by squeezing juice, as well as extracts extracted by supercritical extraction, steam distillation, solvent extraction, etc., and the liquid portion can be recovered by solid-liquid separation by filtration using nonwoven fabric, mesh, etc., centrifugation, etc. Concentrated and / or dried products are preferred, and the ginger extract can be dried and powdered by drum drying, air drying, spray drying, vacuum drying, and / or freeze drying, etc., and a common excipient such as dextrin can be used. In addition, the ginger extract is preferably an emulsion in which dispersibility is increased by emulsifying with the addition of an emulsifier, and a powder obtained by mixing an excipient such as dextrin after emulsification and spray drying is preferred. As a commercially available ginger extract, for example, Ginger Extract Powder S, H, E, NE, or G2 (manufactured by Ikeda Tohka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) can be used. Ginger extract containing polyphenols is preferred, and the polyphenol content is preferably 0.1% by weight or more, more preferably 0.2% by weight or more, even more preferably 0.3% by weight or more, particularly preferably 0.4% by weight or more, and most preferably 0.5% by weight or more, and the total proportion of gingerol and gingerol in the polyphenols is preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 20% by weight or more, even more preferably 30% by weight or more, particularly preferably 40% by weight or more, and most preferably 50% by weight or more or 60% by weight or more.
[0012] The emulsifier is not particularly limited as long as it is a component having emulsifying ability, and examples thereof include polysaccharides such as gum acacia, gum ghatti, xanthan gum, and sodium starch octenyl succinate, proteins or protein hydrolysates such as casein and soybean protein, lecithin, enzyme-treated lecithin, polyglycerol fatty acid ester, and sucrose fatty acid ester. The emulsification treatment can be carried out by a general emulsification method. In detail, the emulsification treatment can be carried out using an emulsification device, and examples of the device include a high-pressure homogenizer, a colloid mill, an ultrasonic emulsifier, a homomixer, and a homodisper, and two or more types of devices may be combined.
[0013] The extermination and repellent of the present invention contains ginger extract as an active ingredient, and the active ingredient is derived from natural products and does not have much effect on plants, so it is easy to use.There is no particular limitation as long as it can exterminate and repel gastropods, but for extermination, it is preferable to spray the polyphenol in the ginger extract so that it is 1.5 mg or more per gastropod, more preferably 2.0 mg or more, even more preferably 3.0 mg or more, particularly preferably 3.5 mg or more, and most preferably 3.8 mg or more; for repellency, it is preferable to spray a repellent with a polyphenol concentration in the ginger extract of 0.10 mg / mL or more, more preferably 0.15 mg / mL or more, even more preferably 0.20 mg / mL or more, particularly preferably 0.25 mg / mL or more, and most preferably 0.27 mg / mL or more or 0.30 mg / mL or more. Furthermore, known ingredients such as acids such as malic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, and acetic acid, Tabasco, pepper, garlic, cinnamon, wasabi, and mustard may be added, and flavorings, colorings, and the like may be added as necessary. Also, various extermination and repellents such as liquids, emulsions, oils, and aerosols can be prepared by appropriately blending formulation auxiliary agents such as surfactants, dispersants, thickeners, and propellants, and solvents.
[0014] In the method for exterminating and repelling gastropods of the present invention, a repellent containing ginger extract as an active ingredient can be sprayed directly onto gastropods or onto plants to exterminate or repel gastropods such as slugs and snails, and since this method has little effect on plants such as agricultural crops and flowering trees, it can be easily used widely. EXAMPLES
[0015] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. In the present invention, all % is by weight unless otherwise specified.
[0016] [Example 1] One brown slug weighing less than 1 g was placed in a 40 mm diameter plastic container, and 2 mL of a solution containing 0.28 g of ginger extract (Ginger Extract Powder FX1025, Ikeda Tohka Kogyo Co., Ltd., total polyphenol content: 0.70% (total content of gingerol and gingerol: 70% or more)), a powder obtained by adding dextrin as an excipient to ginger juice and spray drying, was sprayed onto the container, and the condition of the brown slug was observed (n=3). The number of deaths was counted 15 and 30 minutes after spraying, and the mortality rate was calculated by setting the mortality rate at which all three slugs died as 100%. The amounts of ginger extract and polyphenols sprayed, and the mortality rates 15 and 30 minutes after spraying are shown in Table 1.
[0017] [Table 1]
[0018] [Example 2] Instead of 2 mL of the solution containing ginger extract described in Example 1, 2 mL of a ginger extract-containing aqueous solution containing 0.10 g (Example 2-1) or 0.08 g (Example 2-2) of ginger extract (Ginger Extract Powder E, Ikeda Tohka Kogyo Co., Ltd., total polyphenol content: 3.8% (total content of gingerol and gingerol: 70% or more)) was used, which is a powder obtained by heating an extract extracted from ginger by supercritical extraction, adding an emulsifier to the heated ginger extract, adding dextrin as an excipient, and spray drying. The test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1, and the mortality rate was determined. The spray amounts of ginger extract and polyphenols and the mortality rates 15 minutes and 30 minutes after spraying are shown in Table 2.
[0019] [Table 2]
[0020] [Example 3] Instead of 2 mL of the solution containing ginger extract described in Example 1, 2 mL of a ginger extract-containing aqueous solution containing 0.12 g (Example 3-1) or 0.10 g (Example 3-2) of ginger extract (Ginger Extract Powder G2, Ikeda Tohka Kogyo Co., Ltd., total polyphenol content: 3.2% (total content of gingerol and gingerol: 70% or more)) was used, which is a powder obtained by adding an emulsifier to a ginger extract solution extracted from ginger by supercritical extraction, emulsifying it, adding dextrin as an excipient, and spray drying it. The test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1, and the mortality rate was determined. The spray amounts of ginger extract and polyphenols and the mortality rates 15 minutes and 30 minutes after spraying are shown in Table 3.
[0021] [Table 3]
[0022] As shown in Tables 1 to 3, the effectiveness of ginger extract in exterminating brown slugs was confirmed, and it was found that spraying 2 mg or more of polyphenols per one brown slug was particularly effective, with an even more powerful extermination effect being obtained with 3.8 mg or more.
[0023] [Example 4] 5 mL of the ginger extract-containing aqueous solution containing 0.40 g of the ginger extract used in Example 1 was soaked into a filter paper with a diameter of 125 mm and placed on the bottom of a plastic container with a long side of 110 mm, a short side of 190 mm, and a height of 40 mm. A stand with a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 5 mm was placed on top of the filter paper. Three brown slugs were released on the water-soaked filter paper with a diameter of 55 mm placed on the stand, and their movement under the stand was observed (Figure 1). The repellency rate was calculated by taking the repellency effect as being present when the slugs could not move under the stand and the repellency rate as 100% when all three slugs could not move. The spray concentrations of ginger extract and polyphenols and the repellency rate after 30 minutes are shown in Table 4. In addition, when the repellent effect was demonstrated, the slugs would turn around and stop moving the moment they started to move under the platform. However, in tests using filter paper soaked in water instead of the ginger extract solution, all of the slugs on the platform were observed to quickly move under the platform.
[0024] [Table 4]
[0025] [Example 5] The test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 4, and the repellency rate was calculated, except that 5 mL of a ginger extract-containing aqueous solution containing 0.050 g (Example 5-1), 0.025 g (Example 5-2), or 0.020 g (Example 5-3) of the ginger extract used in Example 2 was used instead of 5 mL of the ginger extract-containing aqueous solution described in Example 4. The spray concentrations of the ginger extract and polyphenol, and the repellency rate after 30 minutes are shown in Table 5.
[0026] [Table 5]
[0027] [Example 6] The test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 4, and the repellency rate was calculated, except that 5 mL of a ginger extract-containing aqueous solution containing 0.050 g (Example 6-1), 0.040 g (Example 6-2), or 0.035 g (Example 6-3) of the ginger extract used in Example 3 was used instead of 5 mL of the ginger extract-containing aqueous solution described in Example 4. The spray concentrations of the ginger extract and polyphenol, and the repellency rate after 30 minutes are shown in Table 6.
[0028] [Table 6]
[0029] As shown in Tables 4 to 6, the repellent effect of ginger extract against brown slugs was confirmed, and it was found that a polyphenol spray concentration of 0.15 mg / mL or more was particularly effective, and an even stronger repellent effect was obtained at a concentration of 0.26 mg / mL or more.
[0030] [Example 7] (Effects on plants) Approximately 80 g of radish sprouts measuring approximately 12 cm in length were sprayed with 2 mL of water (control), 2 mL of a ginger extract-containing aqueous solution containing 0.08 g of the ginger extract used in Example 2 (polyphenol concentration: 1.5 mg / mL), or 2 mL of a citric acid solution containing 1 g of citric acid (concentration: 0.5 g / mL), and then stored at 4°C, and the condition of the radish sprouts was observed.
[0031] As a result, when water or an aqueous solution containing ginger extract was sprayed, no withering of the radish sprouts was observed even four days after spraying, but when the citric acid solution was sprayed, withering of the radish sprouts was observed one day after spraying.
[0032] From the above, it was found that ginger extract is effective in controlling and repelling gastropods without affecting plants, and is useful as a gastropod repellent. [Explanation of symbols]
[0033] 1. Polyethylene container 2. Filter paper soaked in an aqueous solution containing ginger extract 3 units 4. Water-soaked filter paper 5. Slugs
Claims
1. A gastropod repellent containing ginger extract.
2. 2. The gastropod repellent of claim 1, which is a ginger extract containing at least 0.1% by weight of polyphenols.
3. 2. The gastropod repellent according to claim 1, wherein the total content of shogaol and gingerol in the polyphenols is 10% by weight or more.
4. A method for exterminating or repelling gastropods, comprising spraying the gastropod extermination and repellent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 directly onto gastropods or onto plants, thereby exterminating or repelling gastropods.