High-voltage box

Abstract

To provide a high-voltage box that can reduce electromagnetic interference and is advantageous since an influence of heat generated by a fuser on a battery management system is reduced.SOLUTION: There is provided a high-voltage box that includes a box body, a lid plate sealing an opening of the box body, and an electric member provided in a storage space in the box body. The box body includes a first side plate and a second side plate opposed to each other, the storage space is located between the first side plate and second side plate, and the electric member includes a battery management system, and a positive electrode fuse of a positive electrode circuit and / or a negative electrode fuse of a negative electrode circuit. The battery management system is close to the first side plate, and the positive electrode fuse and negative electrode fuse are close to the second side plate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] [Cross - Reference to Related Applications] This application claims the priority of Chinese Patent Application No. 2023235919444, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on December 27, 2023, and all the contents of the above application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] [Technical Field] This application relates to the technical field of electrical energy, specifically to high - voltage boxes.

Background Art

[0003] The high - voltage box is an important component of the energy storage battery system, and various electronic devices are provided inside it, such as a Battery Management System (BMS), relays, fuses, power modules, etc.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In the related art, the arrangement of the electronic devices inside the high - voltage box is chaotic. Especially, large - power heat - generating devices, such as fuses, are often close to the BMS, which is likely to cause electromagnetic interference to the BMS. Moreover, since these large - power heat - generating devices generate a lot of heat, the ambient temperature around the BMS is too high, which is likely to lead to the aging, burnout, or failure of the devices inside the BMS.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] This application is a high - voltage box including a box body with an open top, a cover plate for sealing the opening of the box body, and electrical components provided in the accommodation space inside the box body, The box body includes opposing first and second side plates, the accommodation space is located between the first and second side plates, the electrical components include a battery management system, a positive fuse in the positive electrode circuit, and / or a negative fuse in the negative electrode circuit, the battery management system is located on the side close to the first side plate of the accommodation space, and the positive and negative fuses are located on the side close to the second side plate of the accommodation space, providing a high-voltage box.

Advantages of the Invention

[0006] The beneficial effects of the high-voltage box according to the present application are as follows. The high-voltage box includes a box body with an open top, a cover plate for covering the opening of the box body, and electrical components provided in the accommodation space inside the box body. The box body includes opposing first and second side plates, the accommodation space is located between the first and second side plates, the electrical components include a battery management system, a positive fuse in the positive electrode circuit, and a negative fuse in the negative electrode circuit, the battery management system is located on the side close to the first side plate of the accommodation space, and the positive and negative fuses are located on the side close to the second side plate in the accommodation space. By providing the battery management system and the positive and negative fuses on both sides of the accommodation space, the fuses are separated from the battery management system, thereby reducing the electromagnetic interference of the fuses on the battery management system and being more advantageous for reducing the influence of the heat generated by the fuses on the battery management system.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0007]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0008] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, FIG. 3 is a circuit principle diagram of the positive electrode circuit and the negative electrode circuit inside the high-voltage box according to the present application, and FIG. 4 is a partial structure schematic diagram of the battery management system according to the present application. FIG. 3 schematically shows the connection terminals of each device connected to the related pins in the battery management system shown in FIG. 4.

[0009] An embodiment of the present application provides a high-voltage box 100, which includes a box body 10 with an opening at the top, a cover plate 20 for covering the opening of the box body 10, and electrical components provided in the accommodation space inside the box body 10.

[0010] The box body 10 includes a first side plate 101 and a second side plate 102 facing each other. The accommodation space is located between the first side plate 101 and the second side plate 102. The electrical components include a battery management system 302, a positive electrode fuse 305 in the positive electrode circuit, and / or a negative electrode fuse 307 in the negative electrode circuit. In one embodiment, fuses are provided in both the positive electrode circuit and the negative electrode circuit, that is, the electrical components include a positive electrode fuse 305 and a negative electrode fuse 307. Of course, in other embodiments, the positive electrode circuit and the negative electrode circuit may not be provided with fuses as required.

[0011] As can be understood, the positive electrode circuit is a circuit connecting the positive electrode input interface and the positive electrode output interface inside the high-voltage box 100. The positive electrode voltage signal is input into the high-voltage box 100 from the positive electrode input interface of the high-voltage box 100 and transmitted through the positive electrode circuit to the positive electrode output interface for output. The negative electrode circuit is a circuit connecting the negative electrode input interface and the negative electrode output interface inside the high-voltage box 100. The negative electrode voltage signal is input into the high-voltage box 100 from the negative electrode input interface of the high-voltage box 100 and transmitted through the negative electrode circuit to the negative electrode output interface for output.

[0012] The battery management system 302 is located on the side closer to the first side plate 101 of the accommodation space, that is, it is provided in proximity to the first side plate 101, closer to the first side plate 101 than the second side plate 102. For example, the battery management system 302 may be fixed to the first side plate 101, or the gap between the battery management system 302 and the first side plate 101 may be small. For example, the gap between the two may be less than 5 mm, for example, 0 mm (that is, the battery management system 302 and the first side plate 101 are in direct contact), 2 mm or 4 mm, etc. The positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307 are located on the side closer to the second side plate 102 in the accommodation space, that is, they are provided in proximity to the second side plate 102, closer to the second side plate 102 than the first side plate. For example, both the positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307 may be fixed to the second side plate 102, or the gaps between the positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307 and the second side plate 102 may both be small. It should be noted that the positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307 may be provided at different positions closer to the second side plate 102 as required. Thereby, by providing the battery management system 302, the positive fuse 305, and the negative fuse 307 on both sides of the accommodation space in the box body 10, the positive and negative fuses are separated from the battery management system, thereby reducing the electromagnetic interference of the fuses on the battery management system and being more advantageous for reducing the influence of the heat generated by the fuses on the battery management system.

[0013] In some embodiments, the range of the spacing distance between the battery management system 302 and each of the positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307 is 200 mm - 280 mm. For example, the spacing distance between the battery management system 302 and the positive fuse 305 may be 210 mm, 215 mm, or 230 mm, etc., and the spacing distance between the battery management system 302 and the negative fuse 307 may be 220 mm, 250 mm, or 270 mm, etc. By increasing the spacing distance between the battery management system 302 and the positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307 and providing the battery management system 302 away from the positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307, the electromagnetic interference effect on the battery management system 302 by the fuse can be effectively reduced.

[0014] In one embodiment, the box body 10 further includes a third side plate 103, a fourth side plate 104, and a bottom plate (not shown). The first side plate 101, the third side plate 103, the second side plate 102, and the fourth side plate 104 are connected in sequence end to end, and the first side plate 101, the third side plate 103, the second side plate 102, and the fourth side plate 104 are connected to the periphery of the bottom plate and jointly enclose a receiving space. The box body 10 is a quadrilateral box body, for example, a rectangular box body or a square box body.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first side plate 101, the fourth side plate 104, and the second side plate 102 may be a bent member integrally formed, and the third side plate 103 is connected to the bent member by welding, that is, each of the two ends of the third side plate 103 is fixed to the first side plate 101 and the second side plate 102 by welding.

[0016] A positive input interface P+ and a negative input interface P- are provided on the side of the third side plate 103 close to the first side plate 101, and a positive output interface B+ and a negative output interface B- are provided on the side of the third side plate 103 close to the second side plate 102. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the positive input interface P+ and the negative input interface P- are provided on the left side of the third side plate 103, and the positive output interface B+ and the negative output interface B- are provided on the right side of the third side plate 103.

[0017] The electrical components further include an AC / DC power module 301, a disconnect switch 303, a positive relay 304, a negative relay 306, and a shunt 308. The positive input interface P+, the disconnect switch 303, the positive relay 304, the positive fuse 305, and the positive output interface B+ are connected in sequence to form a positive circuit. The negative input interface P-, the disconnect switch 303, the negative relay 306, the negative fuse 307, the shunt 308, and the negative output interface B- are connected in sequence to form a negative circuit. The battery management system 302 is connected to the AC / DC power module 301, the positive circuit, and the negative circuit.

[0018] In one embodiment, the AC / DC power module 301 may be attached to the fourth side plate 104. The battery management system 302 is located at the corner between the first side plate 101 and the fourth side plate 104, and the AC / DC power module 301 is located between the fourth side plate 104 and the battery management system 302. To facilitate connection between devices, the positive fuse 305 and the positive output interface B+ are located on the same straight line, and the negative fuse 307 and the negative output interface B- are located on the same straight line. The negative relay 306 is provided between the battery management system 302 and the negative fuse 307 to separate the battery management system 302 from the negative fuse 307. The positive fuse 305 may be provided adjacent to the first side plate 101, so that the positive fuse 305 and the negative fuse 307 can be separated from the battery management system 302 as much as possible.

[0019] In one embodiment, the electrical component further includes a first temperature sensor 309 and a second temperature sensor 310 connected to the battery management system 302. The first temperature sensor 309 is provided adjacent to the positive fuse 305, and the second temperature sensor 310 is provided adjacent to the negative fuse 307. Thereby, the first temperature sensor 309 and the second temperature sensor 310 can realize temperature monitoring for heat generating devices such as fuses, and prevent the temperature in the box body from being too high to be detected in a timely manner. In some embodiments, the distance between the first temperature sensor 309 and the positive fuse 305 may be 18 mm - 22 mm, for example, it may be 20 mm, and the distance between the second temperature sensor 310 and the negative fuse 307 may be 18 mm - 22 mm, for example, it may be 20 mm.

[0020] The high-voltage box 100 may further include a display module. The display module may be provided on the outer surface of the first side plate 101, or may be provided on the outer surface of the cover plate 20. The display module may be for displaying the temperature data collected by the first temperature sensor 309 and the second temperature sensor 310.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present application, the devices in the positive circuit and the devices in the negative circuit may be connected by a copper bar. The copper bar connected to the fuse is realized by a copper bar with a large cross-sectional area in order to increase the heat dissipation area. Specifically, between the positive relay 304 and the positive fuse 305, between the positive fuse 305 and the positive output interface B+, between the negative relay 306 and the negative fuse 307, and between the negative fuse 307 and the shunt 308, all are connected by a copper bar with a large first cross-sectional area. The first cross-sectional area may be 2.5 * 40 mm 2 - 3.5 * 45 mm 2 and may be, for example, 3 * 35 mm 2 and may be. Of course, in other embodiments, the first cross-sectional area may be other values, for example, 3 * 38 mm 2 or 3 * 40 mm 2 etc.

[0022] Copper bars at other positions, for example, the copper bar between the disconnection switch 303 and the positive input port P+, the copper bar between the disconnection switch 303 and the negative input port P−, and the copper bar between the disconnection switch 303 and the positive relay 304 may be copper bars with a small cross-sectional area, for example, copper bars with a cross-sectional area of 3*30mm 2 to save the layout space.

[0023] In one embodiment, heat dissipation fins 41 and 42 are respectively provided on each of the copper bars between the positive relay 304 and the positive fuse 305, and between the negative relay 306 and the negative fuse 307, thereby effectively reducing the operating temperature of the fuses. In one embodiment, the box body 10 is further provided with a fan 50, and the air blowing surface of the fan 50 faces the heat dissipation fins on the copper bar at at least one location thereof. As shown in FIG. 3, the fan 50 may be mounted on the second side plate 102, and the air blowing surface of the fan 50 faces the heat dissipation fins 41 and 42, thereby reducing the heating of the fuses and enhancing the heat dissipation effect on the fuses.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application, the electrical component further includes an equalization relay 311 and a precharge resistor 312. The equalization relay 311 is connected in series to the precharge resistor 312 to form an equalization branch, and the equalization branch is connected in parallel to the positive relay 304. The range of the distance between the precharge resistor 312 and the battery management system 302 may be 130 mm - 150 mm, for example, 135 mm or 145 mm, etc. The precharge resistor 312 and the battery management system 302 are provided separately, thereby reducing the electromagnetic interference of the precharge resistor 312 on the battery management system 302 and reducing the influence of the heat generated by the precharge resistor 312 on the battery management system 302. By providing the equalization branch, the problem of circulating current between the battery clusters can be alleviated.

[0025] On the third side plate 103, there are further provided an auxiliary power interface J1, an MBMU (Master Battery Management Unit) communication interface J2, an SBMU (Slave Battery Management Unit) communication interface J3, a communication expansion interface J4, a slave power supply communication interface J5, a power indicator lamp L1, a fault indicator lamp L2, a lifting handle 1031, and a switch handle 1032 connected to the disconnect switch 303.

[0026] The number of the lifting handles 1031 is two, and the two lifting handles 1031 are respectively located on both side edges of the third side plate 103. The auxiliary power interface J1 is connected to the AC / DC power module 301 via a 220V power harness 316. The expansion interface J4 may be for connecting to an external terminal resistor, so that a plurality of high-voltage boxes at the cluster level can use the terminal resistor interchangeably. The power indicator lamp L1 and the fault indicator lamp L2 are respectively located on both sides of the switch handle 1032.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present application, the electrical component further includes a hall current sensor 317 connected between the positive electrode input interface P+ and the disconnect switch 303, whereby current detection can be realized.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present application, the connection harnesses between the battery management system 302, the AC / DC power module 301, the positive electrode circuit, and the negative electrode circuit include a high-voltage harness 313 and a low-voltage harness 314. The high-voltage harness 313 and the low-voltage harness 314 are independent of each other, that is, separated from each other and drawn out separately, thereby avoiding mutual interference between the two and enhancing safety. In one embodiment, in order to enhance insulation safety, an insulating layer can be coated on the outer surface of the high-voltage harness 313. As shown in FIG. 2, the battery management system 302 is connected to the AD / DC power module 301, the disconnection switch 303, the first temperature sensor 309, the second temperature sensor 310, the positive electrode relay 304, the positive electrode fuse 305, the negative electrode relay 306, the negative electrode fuse 307, the fan 50, the equalization relay 311, the hall current sensor 317, the fault indication lamp L1, the MBMU communication interface J2, the SBMU communication interface J3, the communication extension interface J4, and the slave power supply communication interface J5 via the low-voltage harness 314. The battery management system 302 is further connected to the copper bars between the disconnection switch 303 and the positive electrode relay 304, the copper bars between the disconnection switch 303 and the negative electrode relay 306, the copper bars between the negative electrode fuse 307 and the shunt 308, the shunt, and the copper bars between the positive electrode fuse 305 and the positive electrode output interface B+ via the high-voltage harness 313. The battery management system 302 performs voltage collection via the high-voltage harness 313, and the collection position is single-point collection, which can enhance the reliability of the collection result.

[0029] The equalization connection harness 315 in the equalization branch and other harnesses, such as the high-voltage harness 313 and the low-voltage harness 314, are provided independently of each other.

[0030] Combining FIGS. 3 and 4, FIG. 3 schematically shows the connection between each device in the positive electrode circuit and the negative electrode circuit and some pins of the battery management system 302. For example, each of SBMU-1:1 and SBMU-1:2 of the shunt 308 shown in FIG. 3 is the positive electrode sampling point and the negative electrode sampling point of the shunt, and is respectively connected to the SH1:1 and SH1:2 pins of the battery management system 302 shown in FIG. 4. SBMU1:3 of the BAT_N node shown in FIG. 3 is connected to the total negative pin of the BAT_N battery shown in FIG. 4, and SBMU-F:1 of the BAT_P node shown in FIG. 3 is connected to the total positive pin of the BAT_P battery shown in FIG. 4. The connection relationships of other devices are determined based on the corresponding pin names in FIGS. 3 and 4, and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, a sealing ring 60 is provided between the cover plate 20 and the box body 10, so that the entire high-voltage box 100 meets the IP65 protection level. The end faces of the first side plate 101, the second side plate 102, the third side plate 103 and the fourth side plate 104 away from the bottom plate have extending portions bent toward the accommodating space, and the sealing ring 60 is located at the extending portions.

Description of Reference Numerals

[0032] High-voltage box: 100 Box body: 10 First side plate: 101 Second side plate: 102 Third side plate: 103 Lifting handle: 1031 Switch handle: 1032 Fourth side plate: 104 Cover plate: 20 AC / DC power module: 301 Battery management system: 302 Disconnect switch: 303 Positive electrode relay: 304 Positive electrode fuse: 305 Negative electrode relay: 306 Negative electrode fuse: 307 Shunt: 308 First temperature sensor: 309 Second temperature sensor: 310 Equalization relay: 311 Preliminary charge resistor: 312 High voltage harness: 313 Low voltage harness: 314 220V power supply harness: 316 Equalization connection harness: 315 Hall current sensor: 317 Heat dissipation fins: 41, 42 Fan: 50 Sealing ring: 60 Positive input interface: P+ Negative input interface: P- Positive output interface: B+ Negative output interface: B- First region: a1 Second region: a2 Auxiliary power interface: J1 MBMU communication interface: J2 SBMU communication interface: J3 Communication expansion interface: J4 Slave power supply communication interface: J5 Power indicator lamp: L1 Fault indicator lamp: L2.

Claims

1. A high-voltage box including a box body with an open top, a cover plate for sealing the opening of the box body, and an electrical component provided in the accommodation space within the box body, wherein the box body includes opposing first and second side plates, the accommodation space is located between the first and second side plates, the electrical component includes a battery management system, a positive fuse in the positive circuit and / or a negative fuse in the negative circuit, the battery management system is located on the side closer to the first side plate of the accommodation space, and the positive fuse and / or the negative fuse are located on the side closer to the second side plate of the accommodation space.

2. The high-voltage box according to claim 1, wherein the range of the distance between the battery management system and the positive fuse is 200 mm - 280 mm, and / or the range of the distance between the battery management system and the negative fuse is 200 mm - 280 mm.

3. The electrical component includes a positive fuse and a negative fuse, the box body further includes a third side plate, a fourth side plate and a bottom plate, the first side plate, the third side plate, the second side plate and the fourth side plate are connected in sequence by connecting ends to ends, and the first side plate, the third side plate, the second side plate and the fourth side plate are connected to the periphery of the bottom plate to jointly enclose the accommodation space, a positive input interface and a negative input interface are provided on the side of the third side plate closer to the first side plate, a positive output interface and a negative output interface are provided on the side of the third side plate closer to the second side plate, the electrical component further includes an AC / DC power module, an equalization relay, a pre-charge resistor, a disconnect switch, a positive relay, a negative relay and a shunt, the positive input interface, the disconnect switch, the positive relay, the positive fuse and the positive output interface are connected in sequence to form the positive circuit, the negative input interface, the disconnect switch, the negative relay, the negative fuse, the shunt and the negative output interface are connected in sequence to form the negative circuit, the equalization relay is connected in series with the pre-charge resistor to form an equalization branch, the equalization branch is connected in parallel with the positive relay, and the battery management system is connected to the AC / DC power module, the positive circuit and the negative circuit.

4. The box body is a rectangular box body, the battery management system is located at the corner between the first side plate and the fourth side plate, the AC / DC power module is located between the battery management system and the fourth side plate, the positive fuse and the positive output interface are located on the same straight line, and the negative fuse and the negative output interface are located on the same straight line. The high-voltage box according to claim 3.

5. The first side plate, the fourth side plate, and the second side plate are integrally formed bending members, the third side plate is connected to the bending member by welding, and a sealing ring is provided between the cover plate and the box body. The high-voltage box according to claim 3.

6. The electrical member further includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor connected to the battery management system. The first temperature sensor is provided adjacent to the positive fuse, and the second temperature sensor is provided adjacent to the negative fuse. The high-voltage box according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The distance between the first temperature sensor and the positive fuse is 18 mm - 22 mm, and the distance between the second temperature sensor and the negative fuse is 18 mm - 22 mm. The high-voltage box according to claim 6.

8. Between the positive electrode relay and the positive electrode fuse, between the positive electrode fuse and the positive electrode output interface, between the negative electrode relay and the negative electrode fuse, and between the negative electrode fuse and the shunt, they are all connected by copper bars having a first cross-sectional area, and the first cross-sectional area is 2.5 * 40 mm ２ -3.5 * 45 mm ２ The high-voltage box according to claim 3, which is as described above.

9. Radiating fins are provided on both the copper bar between the positive relay and the positive fuse and the copper bar between the negative relay and the negative fuse. The high-voltage box according to claim 3.

10. A fan is further provided on the box body, and the blowing surface of the fan faces the radiating fins on the copper bar at at least one location thereof. The high-voltage box according to claim 9.

11. The connection harnesses between the battery management system and the AC / DC power module, the positive circuit, and the negative circuit include high-voltage harnesses and low-voltage harnesses. The high-voltage harnesses and the low-voltage harnesses are independent of each other, and the outer surface of the high-voltage harness is coated with an insulating layer. The high-voltage box according to claim 3.

12. The third side plate is further provided with an auxiliary power interface, a communication expansion interface, a slave power supply communication interface, an MBMU communication interface, an SBMU communication interface, a power indicator lamp, a fault indicator lamp, a lifting handle, and a switch handle connected to the cut-off switch. The high-voltage box according to claim 3.

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