Light emitting device, display, imaging apparatus, and electronic apparatus

Abstract

To provide a light emitting device that adjusts, for every color, reduction of color shift caused by a viewing angle.SOLUTION: The present disclosure is a light emitting device having a substrate having a principal surface, first to fourth light emitting elements emitting first light or second light, and first to fourth lenses. The first light and the second light are different from each other in the relationship between the size of a light emitting area and the relative positions of the lenses, and thereby color shift caused by a viewing angle is reduced.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a light-emitting device, a display device, an imaging device, and an electronic device having an optical member such as a microlens.

Background Art

[0002] An organic light-emitting element is an element having a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic compound layer disposed therebetween, and is a light-emitting device that emits light when carriers are injected from the first electrode and the second electrode. Since the organic light-emitting element is a lightweight and flexible device, in recent years, display devices and the like including the organic light-emitting element have attracted attention. For high definition of this display device, a method using a white light-emitting organic light-emitting element and a color filter (hereinafter referred to as a white + CF method) is known. In the white + CF method, since the organic layer is formed over the entire surface of the substrate, it is relatively easy to achieve high definition such as pixel size and pitch between pixels as compared with a method of forming the organic layer for each color using a metal mask.

[0003] Patent Document 1 describes using a display device including an organic light-emitting element together with an optical system.

[0004] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an outline of light rays from an organic light-emitting device to a user's eyeball when the organic light-emitting device is used together with an optical system. As shown in FIG. 14, when the organic light-emitting device 110 is used together with the optical lens 120, in the central region located at the center of the display region, light rays directed in the front direction with respect to the display surface are used. On the other hand, in the outer peripheral region located at the outer peripheral portion of the display region, light directed in an oblique direction with respect to the display surface is used and forms an image on the eyeball 130.

[0005] That is, in the organic light-emitting element located in the outer peripheral region, since light having a wide emission angle from the organic light-emitting element is used, improvement in the viewing angle characteristics of the organic light-emitting element is required. Patent Document 1 describes a display device in which the viewing angle characteristics are improved by relatively displacing the center of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting portion and the center of the color filter.

[0006] Patent Document 2 describes a display device having an out-coupling component that reduces this total internal reflection and extracts light with a wide viewing angle.

Prior Art Document

Patent Document

[0007]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0008] The display devices described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 can use light with a wide viewing angle for display.

[0009] However, among the light emitted from the organic light-emitting element that emits light with a wide viewing angle, the proportion of light that contributes to the display is small, and depending on the wavelength of the light to be extracted, the correspondence of chromaticity deviation is different. Therefore, there is room for improvement in the position of the lens and the size of the light-emitting region.

[0010] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a light-emitting device that adjusts the reduction of color deviation due to the viewing angle for each color when using a lens.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0011] A light-emitting device having a substrate with a main surface, a first light-emitting element, a second light-emitting element, a third light-emitting element, and a fourth light-emitting element disposed on the main surface, a first lens into which the light emitted from the first light-emitting element is incident, a second lens into which the light emitted from the second light-emitting element is incident, a third lens into which the light emitted from the third light-emitting element is incident, and a fourth lens into which the light emitted from the fourth light-emitting element is incident, wherein the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element emit a first light, and the third light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element emit a second light having a wavelength different from that of the first light. In a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface, the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens is greater than the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the vertex of the first lens, and the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens is greater than the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the vertex of the third lens. The difference between the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens and the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the vertex of the first lens is less than or equal to the difference between the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens and the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the vertex of the third lens. The size of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element is less than or equal to the size of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element, the size of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element is smaller than the size of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element, and the difference between the size of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the size of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element is less than or equal to the difference between the size of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the size of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element. A light-emitting device is provided.

Effects of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, when using a lens, a light-emitting device can be provided in which the reduction of color shift due to the viewing angle is adjusted for each color.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013]

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0014] The light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate having a main surface, a first light-emitting element, a second light-emitting element, a third light-emitting element, and a fourth light-emitting element arranged on the main surface, a first lens into which light emitted from the first light-emitting element is incident, a second lens into which light emitted from the second light-emitting element is incident, a third lens into which light emitted from the third light-emitting element is incident, and a fourth lens into which light emitted from the fourth light-emitting element is incident, and the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element emit first light, and the third light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element are a light-emitting device that emits second light having a wavelength different from that of the first light. In a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface, the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens is greater than the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the vertex of the first lens, and the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens is greater than the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the vertex of the third lens. The difference between the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens and the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the vertex of the first lens is equal to or less than the difference between the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens and the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the vertex of the third lens. The size of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element is equal to or less than the size of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element. The size of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element is smaller than the size of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element. The difference between the size of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the size of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element is equal to or less than the difference between the size of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the size of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element.

[0015] The light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element may be smaller than the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element, and the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element may be smaller than the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element. Further, the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element may be smaller than the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element.

[0016] The second light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element may be light-emitting elements that emit light toward a wide angle of the display device. In the second light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element, the lenses are arranged offset compared to the first light-emitting element in order to emit light at a wide angle.

[0017] In this case, the contribution ratios of the second light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element to the light emission of the display device are smaller than those of the first light-emitting element and the third light-emitting element. This is because the light emission of the first light-emitting element and the third light-emitting element contributes to the overall light emission of the display device, while only a part of the light emission of the second light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element contributes to the light emission of the display device.

[0018] In the second light-emitting element, in order to reduce the power of the light emission that does not contribute, the second light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element have a smaller light-emitting area than the first light-emitting element and the third light-emitting element. Although the light emission amount of the element decreases due to the smaller light-emitting area, the contribution ratio to the light emission of the display device increases. As a result, the power consumption of the display device is reduced. When the light-emitting area of the fourth light-emitting element is smaller than the light-emitting area of the third light-emitting element, the light-emitting areas of the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element may be the same size. This is because the light-emitting area of the fourth light-emitting element is smaller than that of the third light-emitting element, so the power consumption is reduced.

[0019] The first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element emit first light. The third light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element emit second light having a wavelength different from that of the first light. Since the wavelengths are different, the difference in the size of the light-emitting areas in the first and second light-emitting elements is different from the difference in the size of the light-emitting areas in the third and fourth light-emitting elements. The wavelength of the first light may be shorter than the wavelength of the second light, the first light may be blue light emission, and the second light may be green light emission.

[0020] Also, the amount of light emission of the second light-emitting element incident on the second lens may be less than the amount of light emission of the first light-emitting element incident on the first lens. It can also be said that the lens efficiency of the second lens is smaller than the lens efficiency of the first lens. The lens efficiency of the first lens is the ratio of the amount of light incident on the first lens to the amount of light emitted by the first light-emitting area. The lens efficiency can be adjusted by changing the relative position between the light-emitting area and the lens. When the position of the lens is determined, the position of the light-emitting area with high lens efficiency is determined. The position with high lens efficiency can be called the sweet spot.

[0021] In this specification, the lens may be provided on the light extraction side of the light-emitting device, and the convex direction of the lens may point to the light extraction side. When the light-emitting device emits light from both the lower electrode side and the upper electrode side of the light-emitting element, any direction can be regarded as the light extraction side.

[0022] In this specification, the lens may be an optical member including, for example, a so-called microlens. Also, the lens shape may be spherical or aspherical. Further, it may be a refractive index distribution lens in which the refractive index changes from the center of the lens toward the outer side in the radial direction, or a so-called digital microlens in which ring-shaped patterns of a high refractive index material and a low refractive index material are densely arranged.

[0023] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the following embodiments do not limit the present invention. Although a plurality of configurations are described in the embodiments, not all of these plurality of configurations are essential for the invention, and the plurality of configurations may be arbitrarily combined. In the drawings, the same or similar configurations may be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions may be omitted.

[0024] [Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a first light-emitting element and a third light-emitting element of a light-emitting device according to the present invention. FIG. 1(a) is a cross-sectional view of the first light-emitting element and the third light-emitting element, and FIG. 1(b) is a plan view of the first light-emitting element and the third light-emitting element in FIG. 1(a). In the present embodiment, the plan view of the first light-emitting element and the plan view of the third light-emitting element are the same except that the first light-emitting element emits a first color and the third light-emitting element emits a second color different from the first color. Therefore, the first light-emitting element and the third light-emitting element are shown in one plan view.

[0025] The light-emitting device in Fig. 1(a) is composed of a lower electrode 101, a functional layer 102 including a light-emitting layer, an upper electrode 103, a protective layer 104, a planarization film 105, a microlens 106, and an insulating layer 107 that covers both ends of the lower electrode on a substrate 100. The insulating layer is also called a pixel isolation film or a bank. When the planarization layer is made of resin, it may be called a resin layer. The cross-sectional view of Fig. 1(a) is a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate. The plan view of Fig. 1(b) is a plan view observed from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate.

[0026] The ends of the lower electrode are covered in contact with the insulating layer 107. The functional layer may be in contact with the portion of the lower electrode where the insulating layer is not in contact. The region where the lower electrode and the functional layer are in contact is a light-emitting region 108a that emits light by applying an electric field between the lower electrode and the upper electrode.

[0027] The light-emitting region may be specified by observing in the same direction as Fig. 1(b) when it is emitting light during electric field application. Also, the light-emitting region may be specified by measuring the distance from the end of the first insulating layer that covers the left end of the lower electrode to the end of the second insulating layer that covers the right end of the lower electrode in Fig. 1. The end of the insulating layer may be the contact point between the insulating layer and the lower electrode.

[0028] In Fig. 1(b), the light-emitting region 108a is surrounded by the insulating layer 107. In this embodiment, the light-emitting region is hexagonal, but it may have other shapes. For example, in Fig. 1(c), a circular example is shown. The shape of the light-emitting region may also be elliptical or in a stripe arrangement where rectangular RGB light-emitting regions are arranged side by side to emit light.

[0029] Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a second light-emitting element that emits the first color of the light-emitting device according to the present invention. Fig. 2(a) is a cross-sectional view of the second light-emitting element, and Fig. 2(b) is a plan view of the second light-emitting element in Fig. 2(a). The cross-sectional view and the plan view are the same as those in Fig. 1. Fig. 2(c) shows a circular example. The fourth light-emitting element has the same configuration.

[0030] The second light-emitting element has the same configuration as the first light-emitting element. In a direction parallel to the main surface of the substrate, the distance between the midpoint of the light-emitting region 108b and the apex of the microlens 106 in the second light-emitting element is greater than the distance between the midpoint of the light-emitting region 108a and the apex of the microlens 106 in the first light-emitting element. If the position of the microlens in the first light-emitting element is the correct position, it can also be said that the position of the microlens in the second light-emitting element is shifted.

[0031] The apex of the microlens 106 is the position farthest from the main surface in a plane perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate in the case of a convex lens. In the case of a concave lens, it is the position closest to the main surface in a plane perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate. The apex of the lens can also be said to be the center of the lens in a cross-section parallel to the main surface of the substrate.

[0032] The light-emitting region 108b of the second light-emitting element is smaller than the light-emitting region 108a of the first light-emitting element. That is, 108b in Fig. 2(a) is shorter as a line segment than 108a in Fig. 1(a). This can also mean that the area where the functional layer is in contact with the lower electrode is small.

[0033] In this way, by reducing the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element, the power consumption is reduced.

[0034] On the other hand, Fig. 2(b) shows one form of the light-emitting region 108b. In the present embodiment, for 108b, compared with 108a, the left and right sides on the paper surface are arranged inside the hexagon. That is, the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element is a hexagon, and at least one side of the hexagon is arranged inside the hexagon compared with the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element. And these two sides of the hexagon are a pair of sides that are the farthest from each other among the sides of the hexagon.

[0035] In the present embodiment, two sides of the hexagon are arranged inside the hexagon compared with 108a, but at least one side of the polygon may be arranged inside the polygon compared with the light-emitting region 108a of the first light-emitting element.

[0036] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a comparative form. In this form, although the positional relationship between the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the optical member is different from that of the first light-emitting element, the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element is the same size as the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element. The fact that the positional relationship of the optical member in the second light-emitting element is different from that of the first light-emitting element may mean that the optical member is displaced. The direction in which the optical member is displaced may be the direction in which it is desired to bend the light emitted from the light-emitting layer.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 3, the light from the end of the light-emitting region 108a is difficult to bend in an oblique direction. On the other hand, the light at the center of the light-emitting region 108a is likely to bend light in an oblique direction.

[0038] The light going toward the left side of the figure, that is, the light marked with "〇" in the figure, is the light contributing to the light emission of the display device. If the left side of the figure is the outer peripheral side of the display region, in the outer peripheral region located at the outer periphery of the display region, light traveling in an oblique direction with respect to the display surface is used. The other light, that is, the light marked with "×" in the figure, is light that does not contribute to the light emission of the display device. Therefore, by emitting light only in the region where light can be bent in an oblique direction as in the forms of FIGS. 1 and 2 given in Embodiment 1, the light utilization efficiency can be increased, and a light-emitting device with low power consumption can be provided.

[0039] Note that, in the outer peripheral region of the display device, a display device that uses light traveling in an oblique direction with respect to the display surface often has a display unit and an optical system, and the user visually recognizes the display unit through the optical system. In such a form of the display device, not emitting the light that is not used has the following further effects. For example, if light that is not used enters the optical lens 120 in FIG. 14, it becomes stray light, which may reduce the quality of the display. In the above embodiment, since light that does not contribute to the display is not emitted, there is also an effect of reducing stray light. Also, since this effect is different for the first light and the second light, the change in the size of the light-emitting region in the light-emitting element that emits the first light and the light-emitting element that emits the second light is different.

[0040] In this way, for the light emission of the display device, a light-emitting region with a small contribution can have its light-emitting region reduced, such as that of the second light-emitting element.

[0041] According to the present embodiment, since the light emission of the second light-emitting element and the light emission of the fourth light-emitting element are efficient and contribute to the light emission of the display device, power consumption can be reduced.

[0042] In the present embodiment, the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element is made smaller than the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element so that the difference in the viewing angle dependence of the luminance of the first color and the viewing angle dependence of the luminance of the second color different from the first color becomes smaller.

[0043] In this way, the difference between the intensity of the light emitted by the fourth light-emitting element of the display device in the wide-angle direction and the intensity of the light emitted by the third light-emitting element of the display device in the front direction, and the difference between the intensity of the light emitted by the second light-emitting element of the display device in the wide-angle direction and the intensity of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element of the display device in the front direction becomes smaller. That is, a light-emitting device with reduced power consumption and color shift due to the viewing angle can be provided.

[0044] [Embodiment 2] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4(a) is a plan view of the light-emitting device viewed from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate in the same manner as in FIG. 1(b). The display region 200 has a plurality of light-emitting elements. The positional relationship between the light-emitting region and the microlens is explained using the central portion A' and the outer peripheral portion A.

[0045] FIG. 4(b) is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the straight line A-A' in FIG. 4(a). In the cross-section, a part of the light-emitting element is omitted. As going from A' to A, the positional relationship between the microlens 106 and the light-emitting region 108 emitting the first color and the light-emitting region 109 emitting the second color changes. Specifically, taking the positional relationship between the light-emitting region 108a and the microlens 106 directly above 108a as a reference, the positional relationship between the light-emitting region 108b and the microlens directly above 108b is that the microlens is relatively shifted leftward in the figure by the microlens shift amount 300a. And the light-emitting region 108b is smaller than the light-emitting region 108a. Similarly, the light-emitting region 108c is smaller than the light-emitting region 108b, and the microlens directly above the light-emitting region 108c is relatively shifted by 300b. Further, the light-emitting region 108d is smaller than the light-emitting region 108c, and the microlens directly above the light-emitting region 108d is relatively shifted by 300c. Similarly, light-emitting elements with smaller light-emitting regions in the order of 109a to 109d are described.

[0046] The light-emitting element disposed between 108a and 108b may be the same size as 108a, the same size as 108b, smaller than 108a, or larger than 108b. The plurality of light-emitting elements disposed between 108a and 108b may have a larger light-emitting region as approaching 108a and a smaller light-emitting region as approaching 108b. The same applies to 109 including the third light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element that emit the second color.

[0047] The form may be such that the shift of the microlens continuously increases from the central portion A' to the outer peripheral portion A of the display region, or the shift of the microlens may increase stepwise. By continuously or stepwise reducing the light-emitting region in this way, light that does not contribute to the light emission of the display device in the display region can be reduced. Further, by making the light-emitting region 109 of the light-emitting element that emits the second color smaller than the light-emitting region 108 of the light-emitting element that emits the first color, the difference in the viewing angle characteristics of the luminance for each color can be reduced.

[0048] Here, for example, in FIG. 4(a), the light-emitting element closer to A than A' is the outer element. Also, it can be said that the light-emitting element farther from A' is the outer light-emitting element.

[0049] That is, the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment may be a light-emitting device in which the deviation between the microlens and the light-emitting region continuously increases. Specifically, the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment includes a substrate having a main surface, first, second, third, and fourth light-emitting elements, a first lens into which the light emitted from the first light-emitting element is incident, a second lens into which the light emitted from the second light-emitting element is incident, a third lens into which the light emitted from the third light-emitting element is incident, and a fourth lens into which the light emitted from the fourth light-emitting element is incident. In a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface of the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment, the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the apex of the second lens is larger than the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the apex of the first lens, and the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the apex of the fourth lens is larger than the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the apex of the third lens. On the other hand, the difference between the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the apex of the second lens and the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the apex of the first lens is equal to or less than the difference between the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the apex of the fourth lens and the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the apex of the third lens. Further, the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element is smaller than the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element, the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element is smaller than the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element, and the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element is smaller than the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element. The first and second light-emitting elements emit first light, and the third and fourth light-emitting elements emit second light having a wavelength different from that of the first light. It can be said that the second light has a color different from that of the first light.

[0050] Further, the difference between the distance in the direction parallel to the main plane between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens, and the distance in the direction parallel to the main plane between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the vertex of the first lens, may be equal to the difference between the distance in the direction parallel to the main plane between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens, and the distance in the direction parallel to the main plane between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the vertex of the third lens.

[0051] In the present embodiment, the light-emitting element disposed between the light-emitting elements 108a and 108b can also be expressed as a fifth light-emitting element. That is, it is disposed between the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element, and further has a fifth light-emitting element adjacent to the second light-emitting element and a fifth lens into which the light emitted from the fifth light-emitting element is incident. In the cross-section perpendicular to the main plane of the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment, it can be said that the distance in the direction parallel to the main plane between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fifth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fifth lens is equal to the distance in the direction parallel to the main plane between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens.

[0052] In this case, the difference between the size of the light-emitting region of the fifth light-emitting element and the size of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element may be smaller than the difference between the size of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the size of the first light-emitting region. More specifically, the size of the light-emitting region of the fifth light-emitting element may be the same as the size of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element.

[0053] The light-emitting element disposed outside the substrate relative to 108b, specifically, the light-emitting element disposed between 108b and 108c can be called a sixth light-emitting element. That is, the light-emitting device has a sixth light-emitting element adjacent to the second light-emitting element and a sixth lens into which the light emitted from the sixth light-emitting element is incident, and the second light-emitting element is disposed between the first light-emitting element and the sixth light-emitting element. And in the cross-section perpendicular to the main plane, the distance in the direction parallel to the main plane between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the sixth light-emitting element and the vertex of the sixth lens may be larger than the distance in the direction parallel to the main plane between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens.

[0054] In this case, the light-emitting region of the sixth light-emitting element may be smaller than the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element.

[0055] In the light-emitting element that emits the first light, as in the above relationship, in the light-emitting element that emits the second light, a seventh light-emitting element and an eighth light-emitting element can also be provided. That is, it may be a form in which a seventh light-emitting element is arranged between the third light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element and adjacent to the fourth light-emitting element, and has a seventh lens into which the light emission of the seventh light-emitting element is incident. In the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment, in a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface, the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the seventh light-emitting element and the vertex of the seventh lens may be equal to the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the seventh lens.

[0056] In this case, the difference between the size of the light-emitting region of the seventh light-emitting element and the size of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element may be smaller than the difference between the size of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the size of the third light-emitting region.

[0057] On the other hand, the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment has an eighth light-emitting element adjacent to the fourth light-emitting element and an eighth lens into which the light emission of the eighth light-emitting element is incident, and the fourth light-emitting element is arranged between the third light-emitting element and the eighth light-emitting element. In the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment, in a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface, the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the eighth light-emitting element and the vertex of the eighth lens may be larger than the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens.

[0058] In this case, the light-emitting region of the eighth light-emitting element may be smaller than the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element.

[0059] On the other hand, the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment may be in a form in which the deviation of the microlens continuously increases. That is, it has a fifth light-emitting element disposed between the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element and adjacent to the second light-emitting element, and a fifth lens to which the light emission of the fifth light-emitting element is incident. In the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment, in a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface, the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fifth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fifth lens may be smaller than the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens. And in a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface, the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fifth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fifth lens may be larger than the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the vertex of the first lens.

[0060] In this case, the light-emitting region of the fifth light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and smaller than the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element.

[0061] On the other hand, the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment has a sixth light-emitting element adjacent to the second light-emitting element and a sixth lens to which the light emission of the sixth light-emitting element is incident, and the second light-emitting element is disposed between the first light-emitting element and the sixth light-emitting element. In the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment, in a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface, the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the sixth light-emitting element and the vertex of the sixth lens may be larger than the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens.

[0062] In this case, the light-emitting region of the sixth light-emitting element is smaller than the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element.

[0063] In the light-emitting element that emits the second light, a seventh light-emitting element is disposed between the third light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element and adjacent to the fourth light-emitting element, and the seventh light-emitting element has a seventh lens into which the light emitted from the seventh light-emitting element is incident. In a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface, the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the seventh light-emitting element and the vertex of the seventh lens is smaller than the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens. In a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface, the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the seventh light-emitting element and the vertex of the seventh lens is larger than the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the vertex of the third lens.

[0064] In this case, the light-emitting region of the seventh light-emitting element is smaller than the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and larger than the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element.

[0065] [Color shift reduction effect according to this embodiment] FIG. 5 is a graph in which tristimulus values are normalized according to the position of the display region in the light-emitting device. The vertical axis represents the tristimulus values, and the horizontal axis represents the panel position. FIG. 5(a) is a graph in which the tristimulus values are normalized when the light-emitting region 109 of the light-emitting element that emits the second color is smaller than the light-emitting region 108 of the light-emitting element that emits the first color. The difference in tristimulus values is also reduced at the outer peripheral portion of the display region, the right end of the panel, and the left end of the panel. That is, the color shift is reduced. Since the light-emitting region 109 of the light-emitting element that emits the second color is smaller than the light-emitting region 108 of the light-emitting element that emits the first color, the difference in viewing angle characteristics for each color is reduced, and the difference in luminance for each color within the display surface is reduced.

[0066] On the other hand, FIG. 5(b) is a graph in which the tristimulus values are normalized when the light-emitting regions 109 of the light-emitting elements emitting the second color and the light-emitting regions 108 of the light-emitting elements emitting the first color have the same size. Differences in tristimulus values appear at the outer peripheral portion of the display region, the right end of the panel, and the left end of the panel. That is, color deviation cannot be reduced. In the central region located at the center of the display region, light rays directed in the front direction with respect to the display surface are used. On the other hand, in the outer peripheral region located at the outer peripheral portion of the display region, light directed obliquely with respect to the display surface is used. Due to the difference in viewing angle characteristics for each color, the luminance for each color is different within the display surface.

[0067] [Embodiment 3] FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In addition to Embodiment 1, color filters 110a to 110c are arranged on the planarization layer 105. Pixels each including the color filters 110a to 110c can be regarded as sub-pixels, and three sub-pixels can be regarded as one main pixel. The sub-pixels are not limited to RGB, and for example, a white light-emitting element or a yellow light-emitting element may be provided. In the case of a white light-emitting element, a transparent filter may be used as the color filter, or the filter may not be provided. The sub-pixels are particularly preferably three colors of red, green, and blue, and full-color display can be achieved by additive color mixing of these sub-pixels.

[0068] The planar arrangement of the sub-pixels may be any of a stripe arrangement, a square arrangement, a delta arrangement, and a Bayer arrangement. Also, by arranging the main pixels in a matrix, a display device with a high pixel count can be achieved.

[0069] The color filters 110a to 110c are also arranged offset from the center of the light-emitting region 108b, similar to the microlenses 106. At this time, the color filter 110b may be on the line connecting the vertex B of the microlens 106 and the end B' on the first light-emitting element side of the light-emitting region.

[0070] Also, there is a color filter 110b on the line connecting the end C of the microlens and the end C' of the light-emitting region. At least two types of color filters may be arranged on the line segment connecting the vertex of the microlens directly above the light-emitting region 108b and the light-emitting region adjacent to the light-emitting region 108b. This is to reduce the emission of light from unintended microlenses from the adjacent light-emitting region.

[0071] The light emitted from the light-emitting region 108b passes through the color filter 110b, and the microlens 106 can bend the light in an oblique direction, and since it does not pass through the color filters 110a and 110c of other sub-pixels, the color purity can be increased.

[0072] [Design of the microlens according to the present embodiment] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the light-emitting region 108 of the light-emitting element emitting the first color, the 109 of the light-emitting element emitting the second color, and the microlens 106.

[0073] In FIG. 7, a microlens 106 with a height of h, a radius of r, and a refractive index of n is formed.

[0074] Light is emitted from the light-emitting region 108 of the light-emitting element emitting the first color at an angle θ1, and the light is bent to an angle θ2 by the point A of the microlens 106. Let the inclination with respect to the tangent of the microlens at point A at this time be the angle α. According to Snell's law, the following formula (1) holds. In the figure, there are places where α + θ1 is described as β.

[0075] 1×sin(θ2 + α)=n×sin(α + θ1)···(1) When solving formula (1) for θ1, θ1 becomes formula (2).

[0076] θ1 = sin -1 {sin(θ2 + α) / n}-α···(2) Let the amount of deviation from the vertex of the microlens 106 to the center of the light-emitting region 108 be Xshift, and the distance from the light-emitting region 108 to the microlens 106 be L. Then, the size of the light-emitting region X is expressed by the following formula (3).

[0077] X = r - h × tan(θ1) ··· (3) From formula (2) and formula (3), the size X of the light-emitting region 108 is expressed by formula (4).

[0078] X = r - h × tan[sin -1 {sin(θ2 + α) / n} - α] ··· (4) At this time, the relationship between the angle θ1 of the light emitted from the light-emitting region 108 and the amount of deviation Xshift from the vertex of the microlens 106 to the center of the light-emitting region 108 is expressed by formula (5).

[0079] tan ―1 (Xshift / h + L) > θ1 ··· (5) In the calculation by wave optics simulation, the amount of deviation from the vertex of the microlens 106 to the center of the light-emitting region 108 of the light-emitting element that emits the first color and the aperture ratio of the light-emitting region resulted in the results shown in Table 1. By making the amount of deviation from the center of the light-emitting region 109 of the light-emitting element that emits the second color and the aperture ratio of the light-emitting region smaller than those in Table 1, the color shift due to the viewing angle is reduced.

[0080] However, in reality, there are other members such as the protective film 104 and the color filter 109 between the microlens 106 and the light-emitting region 108, which may cause errors.

[0081]

Table 1

[0082] In the light-emitting device according to this embodiment, the smaller the distance between the apex of the microlens and the center of the light-emitting region, the larger the aperture ratio. And, the smaller the distance between the apex of the microlens and the center of the light-emitting region, the smaller the lens efficiency, and the larger the distance between the apex of the microlens and the center of the light-emitting region, the larger the lens efficiency. The lens efficiency is the ratio of the luminance without a lens to the luminance with a lens at an arbitrary angle. If the sweet spot does not increase when the size of the light-emitting region increases, the region that does not contribute to light emission increases and the lens efficiency decreases. In wide-angle light, when the distance between the apex of the lens and the midpoint of the light-emitting region increases, the lens efficiency decreases if it deviates from the sweet spot. The lens efficiency may be estimated at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the optical axis of the lens.

[0083] That is, the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment includes a substrate having a main surface, a first light-emitting element, a second light-emitting element, a third light-emitting element, and a fourth light-emitting element arranged on the main surface, a first lens into which the light emitted from the first light-emitting element is incident, a second lens into which the light emitted from the second light-emitting element is incident, a third lens into which the light emitted from the third light-emitting element is incident, and a fourth lens into which the light emitted from the fourth light-emitting element is incident. The first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element emit first light, and the third light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element emit second light having a wavelength different from that of the first light. In a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface, the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens is greater than the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the vertex of the first lens, and the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens is greater than the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the vertex of the third lens. The difference between the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens and the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the vertex of the first lens is equal to or less than the difference between the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens and the distance in the direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the vertex of the third lens. It can be said that the first lens has a lower lens efficiency than the second lens, the third lens has a lower lens efficiency than the fourth lens, and the fourth lens has a lower lens efficiency than the second lens. The first light may have a shorter wavelength than the second light. That is, if the first light is blue, the second light may be green or red.

[0084] [Other configurations in the embodiment] [Configuration of the organic light-emitting element] The organic light-emitting device is provided by forming an insulating layer, a first electrode, an organic compound layer, and a second electrode on a substrate. A protective layer, a color filter, a microlens, etc. may be provided on the cathode. When providing a color filter, a planarization layer may be provided between the protective layer and the color filter. The planarization layer can be composed of an acrylic resin or the like. The same applies when providing a planarization layer between the color filter and the microlens.

[0085] [Substrate] Examples of the substrate include quartz, glass, silicon wafers, resins, metals, etc. Further, the substrate may be provided with switching elements such as transistors and wirings thereon, and an insulating layer thereon. As the insulating layer, any material may be used as long as it can form a contact hole so that a wiring can be formed between the first electrode and can ensure insulation from a wiring that is not connected. For example, resins such as polyimide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, etc. can be used.

[0086] [Electrode] A pair of electrodes can be used for the electrodes. The pair of electrodes may be an anode and a cathode. When an electric field is applied in the light-emitting direction of the organic light-emitting device, the electrode with a higher potential is the anode and the other is the cathode. Also, it can be said that the electrode that supplies holes to the light-emitting layer is the anode and the electrode that supplies electrons is the cathode.

[0087] As the constituent material of the anode, those with as large a work function as possible are preferable. For example, simple metals such as gold, platinum, silver, copper, nickel, palladium, cobalt, selenium, vanadium, tungsten, etc., mixtures containing these, alloys combined with these, metal oxides such as tin oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide, etc. can be used. Also, conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, etc. can be used.

[0088] These electrode materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Also, the anode may be composed of one layer or may be composed of a plurality of layers.

[0089] When used as a reflective electrode, for example, chromium, aluminum, silver, titanium, tungsten, molybdenum, or alloys thereof, laminated materials, etc. can be used. With the above materials, it is also possible to function as a reflective film without having the role of an electrode. When used as a transparent electrode, oxide transparent conductive layers such as indium tin oxide (ITO) and indium zinc oxide can be used, but it is not limited thereto. For the formation of the electrode, photolithography technology can be used.

[0090] On the other hand, as the constituent material of the cathode, those with a small work function are preferable. For example, alkali metals such as lithium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium, metal monomers such as aluminum, titanium, manganese, silver, lead, chromium, or mixtures containing these can be mentioned. Alternatively, alloys combining these metal monomers can also be used. For example, magnesium-silver, aluminum-lithium, aluminum-magnesium, silver-copper, zinc-silver, etc. can be used. The use of metal oxides such as indium tin oxide (ITO) is also possible. These electrode materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Also, the cathode may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. Among them, it is preferable to use silver, and in order to reduce the aggregation of silver, it is more preferable to use a silver alloy. As long as the aggregation of silver can be reduced, the ratio of the alloy does not matter. For example, silver: other metals may be 1:1, 3:1, etc.

[0091] The cathode may be a top emission element using an oxide conductive layer such as ITO, or a bottom emission element using a reflective electrode such as aluminum (Al), and is not particularly limited. As the method for forming the cathode, although not particularly limited, the use of direct current and alternating current sputtering methods, etc. is more preferable because the film coverage is good and the resistance is easily reduced.

[0092] [Organic compound layer] The organic compound layer may be formed as a single layer or multiple layers. When there are multiple layers, depending on their functions, they may be referred to as a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a light-emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer. The organic compound layer is mainly composed of organic compounds, but may also contain inorganic atoms or inorganic compounds. For example, it may contain copper, lithium, magnesium, aluminum, iridium, platinum, molybdenum, zinc, etc. The organic compound layer may be disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and may be arranged in contact with the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0093] [Protective layer] A protective layer may be provided on the cathode. For example, by adhering glass provided with a moisture absorbent on the cathode, the intrusion of water and the like into the organic compound layer can be reduced, and the occurrence of display defects can be reduced. Also, as another embodiment, a passivation film such as silicon nitride may be provided on the cathode to reduce the intrusion of water and the like into the organic compound layer. For example, after forming the cathode, it may be transferred to another chamber without breaking the vacuum, and a silicon nitride film with a thickness of 2 μm may be formed by CVD method to serve as a protective layer. A protective layer using atomic layer deposition (ALD method) may be provided after the film formation by CVD method. The material of the film by ALD method is not limited, but may be silicon nitride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, etc. Silicon nitride may be further formed by CVD method on the film formed by ALD method. The film by ALD method may have a smaller film thickness than the film formed by CVD method. Specifically, it may be 50% or less, and further 10% or less.

[0094] [Color filter] A color filter may be provided on the protective layer. For example, a color filter considering the size of the organic light-emitting element may be provided on another substrate and bonded to the substrate provided with the organic light-emitting element, or the color filter may be patterned using photolithography technology on the protective layer shown above. The color filter may be composed of a polymer.

[0095] [Planarization layer] A planarization layer may be provided between the color filter and the protective layer. The planarization layer is provided for the purpose of reducing the unevenness of the underlying layer. Without limiting the purpose, it may also be referred to as a material resin layer. The planarization layer may be composed of an organic compound, and may be a low-molecular compound or a high-molecular compound, but a high-molecular compound is preferred.

[0096] The planarization layer may be provided above and below the color filter, and its constituent materials may be the same or different. Specifically, examples include polyvinylcarbazole resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, ABS resin, acrylic resin, polyimide resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, urea resin, and the like.

[0097] [Micro Lens] The light-emitting device may have an optical member such as a micro lens on its light-emitting side. The micro lens may be composed of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, or the like. The micro lens may be for the purpose of increasing the amount of light extracted from the light-emitting device and controlling the direction of the extracted light. The micro lens may have a hemispherical shape. When having a hemispherical shape, among the tangents in contact with the hemisphere, there is a tangent parallel to the insulating layer, and the contact point between the tangent and the hemisphere is the apex of the micro lens. The apex of the micro lens can be determined similarly in any cross-sectional view. That is, among the tangents in contact with the semi-circle of the micro lens in the cross-sectional view, there is a tangent parallel to the insulating layer, and the contact point between the tangent and the semi-circle is the apex of the micro lens.

[0098] Also, the midpoint of the micro lens can be defined. In the cross-section of the micro lens, a line segment is imagined from the point where the arc shape ends to the point where another arc shape ends, and the midpoint of the line segment can be called the midpoint of the micro lens. The cross-section for discriminating the apex and the midpoint may be a cross-section perpendicular to the insulating layer.

[0099] [Counter Substrate] On the planarization layer, a counter substrate may be provided. Since the counter substrate is provided at a position corresponding to the aforementioned substrate, it is called a counter substrate. The constituent material of the counter substrate may be the same as that of the aforementioned substrate. When the aforementioned substrate is the first substrate, the counter substrate may be the second substrate.

[0100] [Organic layer] The organic compound layers (such as a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a light emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, etc.) constituting the organic light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention are formed by the method shown below.

[0101] For the organic compound layers constituting the organic light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, dry processes such as vacuum evaporation, ionization evaporation, sputtering, and plasma can be used. Alternatively, instead of the dry process, a wet process of dissolving in an appropriate solvent and forming a layer by a known coating method (for example, spin coating, dipping, casting method, LB method, inkjet method, etc.) can also be used.

[0102] Here, when a layer is formed by a vacuum evaporation method, a solution coating method, etc., crystallization and the like hardly occur and the stability over time is excellent. When forming a film by a coating method, a film can also be formed in combination with an appropriate binder resin.

[0103] Examples of the binder resin include, but are not limited to, polyvinyl carbazole resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, ABS resin, acrylic resin, polyimide resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, urea resin, etc.

[0104] These binder resins may be used alone as a homopolymer or a copolymer, or two or more kinds may be mixed and used. Furthermore, additives such as known plasticizers, antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbers may be used in combination as necessary.

[0105] [Pixel circuit] The light-emitting device may have a pixel circuit connected to a light-emitting element. The pixel circuit may be an active matrix type that independently controls light emission of a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element. The active matrix type circuit may be voltage programming or current programming. The driving circuit has a pixel circuit for each pixel. The pixel circuit may have a light-emitting element, a transistor that controls the light emission luminance of the light-emitting element, a transistor that controls the light emission timing, a capacitor that holds the gate voltage of the transistor that controls the light emission luminance, and a transistor for connecting to GND without passing through the light-emitting element.

[0106] The light-emitting device has a display area and a peripheral area arranged around the display area. The display area has a pixel circuit, and the peripheral area has a display control circuit. The mobility of the transistors constituting the pixel circuit may be smaller than the mobility of the transistors constituting the display control circuit.

[0107] The slope of the current-voltage characteristics of the transistors constituting the pixel circuit may be smaller than the slope of the current-voltage characteristics of the transistors constituting the display control circuit. The slope of the current-voltage characteristics can be measured by so-called Vg-Ig characteristics.

[0108] The transistors constituting the pixel circuit are transistors connected to a light-emitting element such as a first light-emitting element.

[0109] The magnitude of the driving current may be determined according to the size of the light-emitting area. Specifically, when the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element emit light at the same luminance, the current value flowing through the first light-emitting element may be smaller than the current value flowing through the second light-emitting element. This is because the required current may be small since the light-emitting area is small.

[0110] [Pixel] The light-emitting device has a plurality of pixels. The pixels have sub-pixels that emit different colors from each other. The sub-pixels may have light-emitting colors of RGB, for example.

[0111] The pixel emits light in an area also called a pixel aperture. This area is the same as the first area. The pixel aperture may be 15 μm or less and may be 5 μm or more. More specifically, it may be 11 μm, 9.5 μm, 7.4 μm, 6.4 μm, etc.

[0112] The space between sub-pixels may be 10 μm or less. Specifically, it may be 8 μm, 7.4 μm, 6.4 μm.

[0113] In a plan view, the pixels can take a known arrangement form. For example, it may be a stripe arrangement, a delta arrangement, a pentile arrangement, or a Bayer arrangement. The shape of the sub-pixels in a plan view can be any known shape. For example, it can be a quadrilateral such as a rectangle or a rhombus, a hexagon, etc. Of course, even if it is not an exact figure but has a shape close to a rectangle, it is included in the rectangle. The shape of the sub-pixels and the pixel arrangement can be used in combination.

[0114] [Use of the organic light-emitting element according to an embodiment of the present invention] The organic light-emitting element according to an embodiment of the present invention can be used as a component of a display device or a lighting device. In addition, there are applications such as an exposure light source of an electrophotographic image forming device, a backlight of a liquid crystal display device, and a light-emitting device having a color filter for a white light source.

[0115] The display device may be an image information processing device that has an image input unit for inputting image information from an area CCD, a linear CCD, a memory card, etc., has an information processing unit for processing the input information, and displays the input image on a display unit.

[0116] In addition, the display unit of an imaging device or an inkjet printer may have a touch panel function. The driving method of this touch panel function may be an infrared method, a capacitance method, a resistive film method, or an electromagnetic induction method, and is not particularly limited. Also, the display device may be used for the display unit of a multifunction printer.

[0117] Next, the display device according to this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0118] FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device having an organic light-emitting element and a transistor connected to the organic light-emitting element. The transistor is an example of an active element. The transistor may be a thin-film transistor (TFT).

[0119] FIG. 8(a) is an example of a pixel which is a component of the display device according to this embodiment. The pixel has a sub-pixel 10. The sub-pixel is divided into 10R, 10G, and 10B according to its light emission. The emission color may be distinguished by the wavelength emitted from the light-emitting layer, or the light emitted from the sub-pixel may be selectively transmitted or color-converted by a color filter or the like. Each sub-pixel has a reflective electrode 2 which is a first electrode on an interlayer insulating layer 1, an insulating layer 3 covering an end of the reflective electrode 2, an organic compound layer 4 covering the first electrode and the insulating layer, a transparent electrode 5, a protective layer 6, and a color filter 7.

[0120] A transistor and a capacitor element may be arranged in or under the interlayer insulating layer 1. The transistor and the first electrode may be electrically connected via a contact hole or the like (not shown).

[0121] The insulating layer 3 is also called a bank or a pixel isolation film. It covers an end of the first electrode and is arranged surrounding the first electrode. A portion where the insulating layer is not arranged is in contact with the organic compound layer 4 and becomes a light-emitting region.

[0122] The organic compound layer 4 has a hole injection layer 41, a hole transport layer 42, a first light-emitting layer 43, a second light-emitting layer 44, and an electron transport layer 45.

[0123] The second electrode 5 may be a transparent electrode, a reflective electrode, or a semi-transmissive electrode.

[0124] The protective layer 6 reduces the penetration of moisture into the organic compound layer. The protective layer is shown as a single layer, but may be a plurality of layers. Each layer may have an inorganic compound layer and an organic compound layer.

[0125] The color filter 7 is divided into 7R, 7G, and 7B according to its color. The color filter may be formed on a planarization film (not shown). Further, a resin protection layer (not shown) may be provided on the color filter. Also, the color filter may be formed on the protection layer 6. Alternatively, it may be attached after being provided on a counter substrate such as a glass substrate.

[0126] The display device 100 in FIG. 8(b) describes an organic light-emitting element 26 and a TFT 18 as an example of a transistor. A substrate 11 such as glass or silicon and an insulating layer 12 are provided on the upper part thereof. Active elements 18 such as TFTs are arranged on the insulating layer, and a gate electrode 13, a gate insulating film 14, and a semiconductor layer 15 of the active element are arranged. The TFT 18 is also composed of a semiconductor layer 15, a drain electrode 16, and a source electrode 17. An insulating film 19 is provided on the upper part of the TFT 18. The anode 21 constituting the organic light-emitting element 26 and the source electrode 17 are connected via a contact hole 20 provided in the insulating film.

[0127] Note that the electrical connection method between the electrodes (anode, cathode) included in the organic light-emitting element 26 and the electrodes (source electrode, drain electrode) included in the TFT is not limited to the mode shown in FIG. 1(b). That is, any one of the anode or the cathode and any one of the TFT source electrode or drain electrode may be electrically connected. The TFT refers to a thin-film transistor.

[0128] In the display device 100 of FIG. 8(b), the organic compound layer is illustrated as one layer, but the organic compound layer 22 may be a plurality of layers. A first protection layer 24 and a second protection layer 25 for reducing the deterioration of the organic light-emitting element are provided on the cathode 23.

[0129] In the display device 100 of FIG. 8(b), a transistor is used as a switching element, but other switching elements may be used instead.

[0130] Also, the transistor used in the display device 100 of FIG. 8(b) is not limited to a transistor using a single crystal silicon wafer, and may be a thin film transistor having an active layer on an insulating surface of a substrate. Examples of the active layer include non-single crystal silicon such as single crystal silicon, amorphous silicon, and microcrystalline silicon, and non-single crystal oxide semiconductors such as indium zinc oxide and indium gallium zinc oxide. Note that the thin film transistor is also called a TFT element.

[0131] The transistor included in the display device 100 of FIG. 8(b) may be formed in a substrate such as an Si substrate. Here, forming in the substrate means manufacturing a transistor by processing the substrate itself such as an Si substrate. That is, having a transistor in the substrate can also be regarded as the substrate and the transistor being integrally formed.

[0132] The organic light-emitting element according to this embodiment has its emission luminance controlled by a TFT, which is an example of a switching element, and an image can be displayed by the respective emission luminances by providing a plurality of organic light-emitting elements in a plane. Note that the switching element according to this embodiment is not limited to a TFT, and may be a transistor formed of low-temperature polysilicon or an active matrix driver formed on a substrate such as an Si substrate. Forming on the substrate can also mean forming in the substrate. Whether to provide a transistor in the substrate or use a TFT is selected according to the size of the display portion. For example, if the size is about 0.5 inches, it is preferable to provide an organic light-emitting element on an Si substrate.

[0133] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the display device according to the present embodiment. The display device 1000 may have a touch panel 1003, a display panel 1005, a frame 1006, a circuit board 1007, and a battery 1008 between an upper cover 1001 and a lower cover 1009. The touch panel 1003 and the display panel 1005 are connected to flexible printed circuits FPC 1002 and 1004. A transistor is printed on the circuit board 1007. The battery 1008 may not be provided if the display device is not a portable device, or may be provided at another position even if the display device is a portable device.

[0134] The display device according to the present embodiment may have a color filter having red, green, and blue. The red, green, and blue may be arranged in a delta array in the color filter.

[0135] The display device according to the present embodiment may be used for a display unit of a portable terminal. In that case, it may have both a display function and an operation function. Examples of the portable terminal include mobile phones such as smartphones, tablets, and head-mounted displays.

[0136] The display device according to the present embodiment may be used for a display unit of an imaging device having an optical unit having a plurality of lenses and an imaging element that receives light that has passed through the optical unit. The imaging device may have a display unit that displays information acquired by the imaging element. Further, the display unit may be a display unit exposed to the outside of the imaging device or a display unit disposed in the viewfinder. The imaging device may be a digital camera or a digital video camera.

[0137] FIG. 10(a) is a schematic diagram showing an example of the imaging device according to the present embodiment. The imaging device 1100 may include a viewfinder 1101, a rear display 1102, an operation unit 1103, and a housing 1104. The viewfinder 1101 may include the display device according to the present embodiment. In that case, the display device may display not only the image to be captured but also environmental information, imaging instructions, and the like. The environmental information may include the intensity of external light, the direction of external light, the moving speed of the subject, the possibility that the subject is blocked by an obstacle, and the like.

[0138] Since the timing suitable for imaging is only a short period of time, it is better to display information earlier. Therefore, it is preferable to use the display device using the organic light emitting element of the present invention. This is because the organic light emitting element has a high response speed. The display device using the organic light emitting element can be more preferably used than these devices, such as a liquid crystal display device, for which a display speed is required.

[0139] The imaging device 1100 has an optical unit (not shown). The optical unit has a plurality of lenses and forms an image on an imaging element housed in the housing 1104. The plurality of lenses can adjust the focus by adjusting their relative positions. This operation can also be performed automatically. The imaging device may be called an optoelectronic conversion device. The optoelectronic conversion device may include, as an imaging method, a method of detecting a difference from a previous image instead of sequentially imaging, a method of cutting out from an image that is always recorded, and the like.

[0140] FIG. 10(b) is a schematic diagram showing an example of an electronic device according to the present embodiment. The electronic device 1200 includes a display unit 1201, an operation unit 1202, and a housing 1203. The housing 1203 may include a circuit, a printed circuit board having the circuit, a battery, and a communication unit. The operation unit 1202 may be a button or a reaction unit of a touch panel method. The operation unit may be a biometric recognition unit that recognizes a fingerprint and performs unlocking or the like. An electronic device having a communication unit can also be called a communication device. The electronic device may further have a camera function by including a lens and an imaging device. An image captured by the camera function is displayed on the display unit. Examples of the electronic device include a smartphone and a notebook personal computer.

[0141] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a display device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 11(a) shows a display device such as a television monitor or a PC monitor. The display device 1300 has a frame 1301 and a display unit 1302. The light-emitting device according to the present embodiment may be used for the display unit 1302.

[0142] It has a frame 1301 and a base 1303 that supports the display unit 1302. The base 1303 is not limited to the form of FIG. 11(a). The lower side of the frame 1301 may also serve as the base.

[0143] Further, the frame 1301 and the display unit 1302 may be bent. The radius of curvature may be 5000 mm or more and 6000 mm or less.

[0144] FIG. 11(b) is a schematic diagram showing another example of the display device according to this embodiment. The display device 1310 in FIG. 11(b) has a display surface configured to be foldable and is a so-called foldable display device. The display device 1310 includes a first display unit 1311, a second display unit 1312, a housing 1313, and a bending point 1314. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may include the light-emitting device according to this embodiment. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may be a single seamless display device. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 can be separated at the bending point. The first display unit 1311 and the second display unit 1312 may display different images, or may display a single image together.

[0145] FIG. 12(a) is a schematic diagram showing an example of the lighting device according to this embodiment. The lighting device 1400 may include a housing 1401, a light source 1402, a circuit board 1403, an optical film 1404, and a light diffusion unit 1405. The light source may include the organic light-emitting element according to this embodiment. The optical filter may be a filter that improves the color rendering property of the light source. The light diffusion unit can effectively diffuse the light of the light source, such as for lighting up, and deliver the light to a wide range. The optical filter and the light diffusion unit may be provided on the light-emitting side of the lighting. Optionally, a cover may be provided on the outermost side.

[0146] The lighting device is, for example, a device for lighting an interior. The lighting device may emit any color from white, day white, or other colors from blue to red. It may have a dimming circuit for dimming them. The lighting device may include the organic light-emitting element of the present invention and a power supply circuit connected thereto. The power supply circuit is a circuit that converts an AC voltage into a DC voltage. Also, white has a color temperature of 4200K and day white has a color temperature of 5000K. The lighting device may have a color filter.

[0147] In addition, the lighting device according to this embodiment may have a heat dissipation part. The heat dissipation part releases the heat inside the device to the outside of the device, and examples include metals with high specific heat and liquid silicon.

[0148] FIG. 12(b) is a schematic diagram of an automobile, which is an example of a moving body according to this embodiment. The automobile has a tail lamp, which is an example of a lighting device. The automobile 1500 may have a tail lamp 1501 and may be configured to turn on the tail lamp when a braking operation or the like is performed.

[0149] The tail lamp 1501 may have an organic light-emitting element according to this embodiment. The tail lamp may have a protective member for protecting the organic EL element. The protective member has a certain degree of strength and may be made of any material as long as it is transparent, but is preferably made of polycarbonate or the like. A phthalic acid derivative, an acrylonitrile derivative, or the like may be mixed into the polycarbonate.

[0150] The automobile 1500 may have a vehicle body 1503 and a window 1502 attached thereto. The window may be a transparent display as long as it is not a window for checking the front and rear of the automobile. The transparent display may have an organic light-emitting element according to this embodiment. In this case, the constituent materials such as the electrodes of the organic light-emitting element are made of transparent members.

[0151] The moving body according to this embodiment may be a ship, an aircraft, a drone, or the like. The moving body may have a fuselage and a lighting device provided on the fuselage. The lighting device may emit light to indicate the position of the fuselage. The lighting device has an organic light-emitting element according to this embodiment.

[0152] FIG. 13 is an example of a wearable device to which a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and is a schematic diagram of a glasses-type display device. The display device can be applied to a system that can be worn as a wearable device such as, for example, smart glasses, an HMD, or smart contact lenses. The imaging display device used in such an application example may have an imaging device capable of photoelectrically converting visible light and a display device capable of emitting visible light.

[0153] FIG. 13(a) illustrates glasses 1600 (smart glasses) according to one application example. An imaging device 1602 such as a CMOS sensor or a SPAD is provided on the front surface side of the lens 1601 of the glasses 1600. Also, a display device of each of the above-described embodiments is provided on the back surface side of the lens 1601.

[0154] The glasses 1600 further include a control device 1603. The control device 1603 functions as a power supply that supplies power to the imaging device 1602 and the display device according to each embodiment. Also, the control device 1603 controls the operations of the imaging device 1602 and the display device. An optical system for condensing light onto the imaging device 1602 is formed in the lens 1601.

[0155] FIG. 13(b) illustrates glasses 1610 (smart glasses) according to one application example. The glasses 1610 have a control device 1612, and an imaging device corresponding to the imaging device 1602 and a display device are mounted on the control device 1612. An optical system for the imaging device within the control device 1612 and for projecting light emitted from the display device is formed in the lens 1611, and an image is projected onto the lens 1611. The control device 1612 functions as a power supply that supplies power to the imaging device and the display device, and controls the operations of the imaging device and the display device. The control device may have a gaze detection unit that detects the wearer's gaze. Infrared rays may be used for gaze detection. The infrared light emitting unit emits infrared light toward the eyeball of the user who is gazing at the display image. The imaging unit having a light receiving element detects the reflected light of the emitted infrared light from the eyeball, thereby obtaining an imaging image of the eyeball. By having a reducing means for reducing the light from the infrared light emitting unit to the display unit in a plan view, a decrease in image quality is reduced.

[0156] The user's gaze with respect to the display image is detected from the imaging image of the eyeball obtained by imaging infrared light. Any known method can be applied to gaze detection using the imaging image of the eyeball. As an example, a gaze detection method based on a Purkinje image by reflection of irradiation light on the cornea can be used.

[0157] More specifically, a gaze detection process based on the pupil corneal reflex method is performed. Using the pupil corneal reflex method, a gaze vector representing the orientation (rotation angle) of the eyeball is calculated based on the image of the pupil and the Purkinje image included in the captured image of the eyeball, thereby detecting the user's gaze.

[0158] The display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include an imaging device having a light receiving element, and may control the display image of the display device based on the user's gaze information from the imaging device.

[0159] Specifically, the display device determines a first visual field region that the user is gazing at and a second visual field region other than the first visual field region based on the gaze information. The first visual field region and the second visual field region may be determined by the control device of the display device, or may be received as determined by an external control device. In the display area of the display device, the display resolution of the first visual field region may be controlled to be higher than that of the second visual field region. That is, the resolution of the second visual field region may be made lower than that of the first visual field region.

[0160] Further, the display area has a first display area and a second display area different from the first display area, and based on the gaze information, a region with a higher priority is determined from the first display area and the second display area. The first visual field region and the second visual field region may be determined by the control device of the display device, or may be received as determined by an external control device. The resolution of the region with a higher priority may be controlled to be higher than that of the region other than the region with a higher priority. That is, the resolution of the region with a relatively lower priority may be made lower.

[0161] Note that AI may be used to determine the first visual field region or the region with a higher priority. AI may be a model configured to estimate the angle of the gaze and the distance to the target at the tip of the gaze from the image of the eyeball, using the image of the eyeball and the direction in which the eyeball in the image is actually looking as teacher data. The AI program may be possessed by the display device, the imaging device, or an external device. When an external device has it, it is transmitted to the display device via communication.

[0162] When performing display control based on visual recognition, it can be preferably applied to smart glasses further having an imaging device for imaging the outside. The smart glasses can display the imaged external information in real time.

[0163] As described above, by using the device using the organic light-emitting element according to this embodiment, it is possible to achieve a good image quality and a stable display even for long-time display.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0164] 1 Interlayer insulation layer 2 Reflective electrode 3 Insulation layer 4 Organic compound layer 5 Transparent electrode 6 Protection layer 7 Color filter 10 Sub-pixel 11 Substrate 12 Insulation layer 13 Gate electrode 14 Gate insulation film 15 Semiconductor layer 16 Drain electrode 17 Source electrode 18 Thin film transistor 19 Insulation film 20 Contact hole 21 Lower electrode 22 Organic compound layer 23 Upper electrode 24 First protection layer 25 Second protection layer 26 Organic light-emitting element 100 Display device 110 Light-emitting device 120 Optical lens 130 Eyeball 1000 Display device 1001 Upper cover 1002 Flexible printed circuit 1003 Touch panel 1004 Flexible printed circuit 1005 Display panel 1006 Frame 1007 Circuit board 1008 Battery 1009 Lower cover 1100 Imaging device 1101 Viewfinder 1102 Rear display 1103 Operation unit 1104 Housing 1200 Electronic device 1201 Display unit 1202 Operation unit 1203 Housing 1300 Display device 1301 Frame 1302 Display unit 1303 Base 1310 Display device 1311 First display unit 1312 Second display unit 1313 Housing 1314 Bending point 1400 Lighting device 1401 Housing 1402 Light source 1403 Circuit board 1404 Optical film 1405 Light diffusing part 1500 Automobile 1501 Taillight 1502 Window 1503 Vehicle body 1600 Smart glasses 1601 Lens 1602 Imaging device 1603 Control device 1610 Smart glasses 1611 Lens 1612 Control device

Claims

1. A substrate having a main surface, a first light-emitting element, a second light-emitting element, a third light-emitting element, and a fourth light-emitting element disposed on the main surface, a first lens into which the light emission of the first light-emitting element is incident, a second lens into which the light emission of the second light-emitting element is incident, a third lens into which the light emission of the third light-emitting element is incident, and a fourth lens into which the light emission of the fourth light-emitting element is incident, wherein the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element emit first light, and the third light-emitting element and the fourth light-emitting element emit second light having a wavelength different from that of the first light, and the light-emitting device is in a cross-section perpendicular to the main surface, the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens is greater than the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the vertex of the first lens, the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens is greater than the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the vertex of the third lens, the difference between the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens and the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the vertex of the first lens is equal to or less than the difference between the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens and the distance in a direction parallel to the main surface between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the vertex of the third lens, the size of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element is equal to or less than the size of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element, the size of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element is smaller than the size of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element, the difference between the size of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the size of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element is equal to or less than the difference between the size of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the size of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element. A light-emitting device characterized by this.

2. A substrate having a main surface, disposed on the main surface, a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element that emit a first color, a first lens into which the light emission of the first light-emitting element is incident, and a second lens into which the light emission of the second light-emitting element is incident, A third light-emitting element and a fourth light-emitting element that emit a second color different from the first color, a third lens into which the light emitted by the third light-emitting element is incident, and a fourth lens into which the light emitted by the fourth light-emitting element is incident. In a direction parallel to the main surface, the distance between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens is greater than the distance between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element and the vertex of the first lens. In a direction parallel to the main surface, the distance between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens is greater than the distance between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element and the vertex of the third lens. A light-emitting device in which the distance between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element and the vertex of the second lens is equal to the distance between the midpoint of the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element and the vertex of the fourth lens. The light-emitting region of the third light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting region of the first light-emitting element. A light-emitting device, characterized in that the light-emitting region of the fourth light-emitting element is larger than the light-emitting region of the second light-emitting element.

3. A display device having a plurality of pixels, at least one of the plurality of pixels having the light-emitting device according to claim 1 or 2, and display control means for controlling the display of the light-emitting device.

4. An optical unit having a plurality of lenses, an image sensor that receives light that has passed through the optical unit, and a display unit that displays an image captured by the image sensor. The display unit of the imaging device has the light-emitting device according to claim 1 or 2.

5. An electronic device having a display unit having the light-emitting device according to claim 1 or 2, a housing in which the display unit is provided, and a communication unit provided in the housing for communicating with the outside.

Images