Access control method for solving front-to-back ambiguity and device using the same

Abstract

To provide an access control method for solving front-to-back ambiguity.SOLUTION: An access control device 200 includes: a communication module configured to perform communication by using a UWB communication protocol; and one or more processors. The communication module includes: a substrate 1010; an antenna 1020 disposed on a first surface of the substrate; and a ground 1030 disposed on a second surface which is opposite to the first surface of the substrate. The one or more processors are configured to: receive a signal from a user terminal through the communication module; and determine whether the user terminal is disposed in a first direction or a second direction, based on a change in a phase angle of the signal received from the user terminal when a direction from the substrate 1010 to the antenna 1020 is the first direction and a direction from the substrate 1010 to the ground 1030 is the second direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. Section 119 to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0022336, filed with the Korean Intellectual Property Office on February 16, 2024, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. [Background technology]

[0002] The present disclosure relates to an access control method for resolving context ambiguity and a device using the same.

[0003] Ultra-wideband (UWB) communication-based positioning is increasingly used to measure the distance between two or more devices. UWB communication-based positioning can be divided into time difference of arrival (TDoA) method and time difference of arrival (PDoA) method.

[0004] The TDoA method refers to a method for tracing multiple tags through multiple anchors.

[0005] The PDoA method refers to a method for tracing multiple tags through one anchor, and has been increasingly used in recent years.

[0006] However, the PDoA method is optimized for portable terminals such as smartphones, and when the PDoA method is applied to fixed terminals such as access authentication devices, there may be a problem of front-to-back ambiguity.

[0007] In recent years, research has been conducted to solve the problem of context ambiguity. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The objective achieved by the present disclosure is to provide an access authentication device for solving the problem of context ambiguity.

[0009] The objectives achieved by the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other objectives not mentioned above can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art based on the detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

[0010] According to an embodiment, the access control device may include: a communication module configured to perform communication by using a UWB communication protocol; and one or more processors configured to control the access control device to perform communication with a user terminal located near the access control device by using the communication module, wherein the communication module may include: a substrate; an antenna disposed on a first surface of the substrate; and a ground disposed on a second surface opposite the first surface of the substrate, wherein the one or more processors may be configured to: receive a signal from the user terminal through the communication module; and, when the direction from the substrate to the antenna is a first direction and the direction from the substrate to the ground is a second direction, determine whether the user terminal is located in a first direction or a second direction based on a change in the phase angle of the signal received from the user terminal.

[0011] The solutions to the problem are not limited to those mentioned above, and other solutions not mentioned above may be clearly understood by those skilled in the art based on the detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

[0012] According to the present disclosure, the problem of context ambiguity can be resolved.

[0013] The effects of the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned above may be clearly understood by those skilled in the art based on the detailed description and the accompanying drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] These and other aspects, features, and advantages of particular embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0015] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is an environmental diagram illustrating a management system according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control device according to an embodiment. [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram provided to explain a control device according to an embodiment. [Figure 5] 1 is a diagram provided to explain signal exchange between a control device and a terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 6] 1 is an operational flowchart provided to explain a positioning method for a control device according to an embodiment. [Figure 7] 1 is a diagram provided to explain a packet structure of a UWB signal according to an embodiment. [Figure 8A] FIG. 1 is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment. [Figure 8B] FIG. 1 is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment. [Figure 8C] FIG. 1 is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment. [Figure 8D] FIG. 1 is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment. [Figure 9A] FIG. 1 is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment. [Figure 9B] FIG. 1 is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment. [Figure 9C] FIG. 1 is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment. [Figure 9D] FIG. 1 is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment. [Figure 10A] 1 is a diagram provided to explain a direction finding method of a control device for a terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 10B] 1 is a diagram provided to explain a direction finding method of a control device for a terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 10C] 1 is a diagram provided to explain a direction finding method of a control device for a terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 10D] 1 is a diagram provided to explain a direction finding method of a control device for a terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 11A] 1 is a diagram provided to explain a direction finding method of a control device for a terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 11B] 1 is a diagram provided to explain a direction finding method of a control device for a terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 11C] 1 is a diagram provided to explain a direction finding method of a control device for a terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 11D] 1 is a diagram provided to explain a direction finding method of a control device for a terminal according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] The embodiments described in this specification are provided to clearly explain the technical concept of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art, and the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification, and the scope of the present disclosure should be interpreted as including various modifications or alterations without departing from the technical concept of the present disclosure.

[0017] The terms used in this specification are general terms widely used in consideration of the functions of the present disclosure, but may change depending on the intentions of those skilled in the art, precedents, or the emergence of new technologies. However, when a term is defined and used as having a specific meaning, the meaning of the term will be separately specified. Accordingly, the terms used in this specification should be interpreted based on the substantial meaning of the terms and content explained throughout this specification, regardless of the name of the term.

[0018] The drawings attached to this specification are provided to assist in easily explaining the present disclosure, and the shapes shown in the drawings may be displayed in an exaggerated manner, if necessary, for easier understanding of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited by the drawings.

[0019] In this specification, detailed descriptions of well-known structures or functions are omitted because they would unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present disclosure.

[0020] Hereinafter, an access management method and an access management device using the same according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

[0021] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an environment of a management system according to an embodiment.

[0022] Referring to FIG. 1, the management system 10 may include a terminal 100 and a control device 200 .

[0023] The terminal 100 may communicate with the control device 200 and may transmit or receive various information. For example, the terminal 100 may transmit or receive information necessary for user authentication to or from the control device 200. Here, user authentication may refer to authentication performed to determine whether a user or a user terminal has specific authority. For example, user authentication may include various authority authentications, such as access authority authentication regarding whether a user or a user terminal has authority to access a specific area, payment authority authentication regarding whether a user or a user terminal has authority to perform payment processing, use authority authentication regarding whether a user or a user terminal has authority to use a specific device, and operation mode setting authentication regarding whether a user or a user terminal has authority to set the operation mode of a specific device.

[0024] In addition, the terminal 100 may transmit an access request and / or data required for the access request to the control device 200. In addition, according to an embodiment, the terminal 100 may perform the user authentication described above.

[0025] In addition, when user authentication is performed, the terminal 100 may request the control device 200 to process the user authentication, and may obtain a result of the request to process the user authentication from the control device 200. In addition, the terminal 100 may obtain information about whether it is possible to perform processing for user authentication from the control device 200, and may perform processing for user authentication based on the information.

[0026] Additionally, applications for implementing some of the embodiments described below may be provided on the terminal 100 .

[0027] The terminal 100 may be implemented by a smartphone, a tablet, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a laptop, a wearable device, or the like. Alternatively, the terminal 100 may be implemented by a smart card, an integrated circuit (IC) card, a magnetic card, a radio frequency (RF) chip capable of recording data, or the like.

[0028] The control device 200 may communicate with the terminal 100 and may send or receive various information. In addition, the control device 200 may perform various processing operations according to the user authentication result described above. For example, the control device 200 may control a user's access to a specific area, control a user's payment processing, control a user's use of a specific device, or control the operation mode of a specific device according to the user authentication result.

[0029] Specifically, if a user's access to a specific area is restricted by a gate, the control device 200 may control the gate to restrict the user's access to the specific area according to the user authentication result. Here, the gate may be a device that physically restricts access by a user and may include an access restriction device (e.g., an access bar, an access door, etc.). The control device 200 may provide an unlock signal to the gate according to the user authentication result, controlling the gate to open and allowing the user access. In addition, the control device 200 may not provide an unlock signal to the gate according to the user authentication result, or may provide a lock signal to the gate, controlling the gate to close and preventing the user from accessing. In addition, according to the embodiment, the control device 200 may be disposed inside or outside the gate.

[0030] In addition, when the control device 200 controls the payment transaction, the control device 200 may execute a payment authorization procedure as a process according to the user authentication result. For example, the control device 200 may receive a payment request from the terminal 100 and may accept or reject the payment request based on the user authentication result. In addition, according to an embodiment, the payment authorization procedure may be executed in the terminal 100.

[0031] In addition, the control device 200 may perform various control operations based on the user authentication result. For example, if the control device 200 controls a gate for accessing public transportation, the control device 200 may control the gate based on the payment authorization result. In addition, the control device 200 may provide the payment authorization result to at least one of the server or the terminal 100. In addition, if the control device 200 controls the use of a specific device according to the user authentication result, the control device 200 may control the use of the specific device through software installed on the specific device, or by controlling a restriction device that physically restricts the use of the specific device, based on the user authentication result.

[0032] Additionally, when the control device 200 controls the operation mode of a specific device, the control device 200 may configure the operation mode of the specific device based on the user authentication result. For example, when the control device 200 controls an access control device for managing access to a specific area, the control device 200 may control the access control device in a security mode for increasing the security level in the specific area according to the user authentication result, or may control the access control device in a normal mode with the security mode disabled. Additionally, according to an embodiment, the access control device may be included in the control device 200.

[0033] Various processing operations performed according to the user authentication result may also be performed in the terminal 100 .

[0034] Additionally, according to an embodiment, the control device 200 may perform the operations for user authentication described above. When user authentication is performed, the control device 200 may request the terminal 100 to process the user authentication, and may obtain a result of the request for processing from the terminal 100. In addition, the control device 200 may obtain a result from the terminal 100 regarding whether it is possible to perform the processing for user authentication, and may perform the processing for user authentication based on the result.

[0035] However, the environmental diagram shown in Figure 1 is merely an example for convenience of explanation, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. According to some embodiments, components may be added to, omitted from, or divided into components in the environmental diagram of Figure 1.

[0036] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment.

[0037] Referring to FIG. 2, the terminal 100 may include a communication module 110, a display module 120, an input module 130, a location information collection module 140, a storage module 150, a processor 160, and a biometric data input module 170.

[0038] The communication module 110 may communicate with at least one of the server or the control device 200. For example, the communication module 110 may send or receive information required for user authentication or information about the user authentication result to or from at least one of the server or the control device 200.

[0039] Additionally, communication module 110 may include a mobile communication module utilizing Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE), Bluetooth® Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Wireless Fidelity (WIFI®), WIFI® Direct, Near Field Communications (NFC), Infrared Data Association (IrDA), Ultra-Wideband (UWB), ZigBee®, third generation (3G), 4G, or 5G, and wired or wireless modules for transmitting or receiving data over various other communication standards.

[0040] The display module 120 may output various visual information. For example, when the control device 200 is detected through communication with the control device 200 and a communication connection is established, the display module 120 may output related information. In addition, the display module 120 may visually output a user authentication result. In addition, the display module 120 may visually output a message received from the server.

[0041] Display module 120 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), an active matrix organic LED (AMOLED) display, or the like. When display module 120 is provided as a touch screen, display module 120 may perform the functions of input module 130. In this case, a separate input module 130 may optionally not be provided, or an input module 130 performing limited functions such as a volume control, a power button, and a home button may be provided.

[0042] The input module 130 may acquire a signal corresponding to a user input. For example, the input module 130 may acquire an input for requesting user authentication from the server or the control device 200. In addition, the input module 130 may acquire an input for acquiring information necessary for user authentication (e.g., user authority information, user personal information (or user or terminal identification information, identification information necessary for payment processing (e.g., user card information, authentication information corresponding to the card information), user biometric data, encryption information, etc.)).

[0043] In addition, the input module 130 may be implemented by a keyboard, a keypad, a button, a jog shuttle, a wheel, or the like. In addition, the user input may be, for example, a button press, a touch, and a drag. When the input module 130 is implemented by a touch screen, the display module 120 may perform the role of the input module 130.

[0044] The location information collection module 140 may acquire location information for identifying the location of the terminal 100. For example, the location information collection module 140 may acquire coordinate information for determining the location, such as from a global positioning system (GPS) sensor. In another example, the location information collection module 140 may determine the location of the terminal 100 based on a signal received from an external device. For example, when the terminal 100 receives a signal indicating a specific area from the control device 200, the terminal 100 may identify that the terminal 100 is within the specific area in response to receiving the signal.

[0045] In addition, the storage module 150 may store various data. For example, the storage module 150 may store data necessary for the operation of the terminal 100 (for example, information necessary for user authentication (for example, user authority information, user personal information (or user or terminal identification information, identification information necessary for payment processing (for example, user card information, authentication information corresponding to the card information), user biometric data, encryption information, etc.))).

[0046] The storage module 150 may include at least one type of storage medium from the following: a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a multimedia card micro type, a card-type memory (e.g., SD or XD memory), a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, and an optical disk. The memory may store information temporarily, permanently, or semi-permanently, and may be provided as an embedded or removable type.

[0047] Processor 160 may control each component of terminal 100 or process or calculate various information. Processor 160 may be composed of one or more processors. In addition, processor 160 may receive signals from some components included in terminal 100. In addition, processor 160 may control operations for executing some steps of the methods described below that are executed in terminal 100, or may perform calculations necessary to execute the steps.

[0048] The processor 160 may be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination thereof. For example, from a hardware perspective, the processor 160 may be implemented by a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a semiconductor chip, and various other types of electronic chips. In another example, from a software perspective, the processor 160 may be implemented by a logic program or various computer languages ​​executed according to the hardware.

[0049] Additionally, the processor 160 may be driven by a predetermined operating system, for example, the Android® or iOS® operating system.

[0050] The biometric data input module 170 may receive biometric data of a user. The biometric data may refer to at least one of the user's voice, fingerprint, iris, face, and vein information. The biometric data input module 170 may be implemented by at least one of a microphone through which the user's voice information is input, a screen scanner through which the user's fingerprint information is input, and a camera through which the user's iris, face, and vein information is input.

[0051] Terminal 100 need not necessarily include all of the above components, and some components may be selectively omitted. For example, when terminal 100 does not receive biometric data, terminal 100 may be provided without biometric data input module 170. In addition, terminal 100 may be selectively provided with additional components to perform additional functions and operations.

[0052] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control device according to an embodiment.

[0053] Referring to FIG. 3 , the control device 200 may include a communication module 210 , a display module 220 , an output module 230 , a sensing module 240 , a storage module 250 , a power module 260 , a processor 270 , a biometric data input module 280 , and an input module 290 .

[0054] The communication module 210 may communicate with at least one of the server or the terminal 100. For example, the communication module 210 may send or receive information required for user authentication or user authentication result information to or from at least one of the server or the terminal 100.

[0055] The communication module 210 may generally perform communications according to a wireless communication standard and may include a mobile communication module utilizing BLE, Bluetooth, WLAN, WIFI, WIFI Direct, NFC, IrDA, UWB, ZigBee, 3G, 4G, or 5G, as well as wired or wireless modules that transmit data over various other communication standards. Additionally, the communication module 210 may include a short-range wireless module that supports NFC, radio frequency identification (RFID), etc.

[0056] The display module 220 may output information that is visually provided to a user. For example, when a door open signal is received, the display module 220 may output visual information indicating the receipt of the door open signal.

[0057] The display module 220 may be an LCD, OLED, or AMOLED display. When the display module 220 includes a touch panel, the display module 220 may operate as an input device based on touch input.

[0058] The output module 230 may output information provided audibly to the user. For example, when a door open signal is received, the output module 230 may output audible information indicating receipt of the door open signal. Additionally, when a setting change signal is received, the output module 230 may output audible information indicating receipt of the setting change signal.

[0059] The output module 230 may be a speaker or a buzzer for outputting sound.

[0060] The sensing module 240 may acquire signals related to the external environment required for the control device 200. For example, the sensing module 240 may identify whether a movable object (e.g., a user) is present near the control device 200. In addition, the sensing module 240 may be disposed in the control device 200 or in the vicinity of the control device 200. According to an embodiment, the sensing module 240 may not be included in the control device 200. In this case, a separate sensor may be disposed in the vicinity of the control device 200.

[0061] Various information may be stored in the storage module 250. For example, the storage module 250 may store a program for executing the control operation of the processor 270, and may store data received from the outside and data generated in the processor 270. In addition, the storage module 250 may store information necessary for the operation of the control device 200 (for example, information necessary for user authentication (for example, user authority information, user identification information (for example, user or user terminal identifier information, user biometric data, encryption information)))) and user authentication result information.

[0062] The storage module 250 may include at least one type of storage medium from the following: flash memory type, hard disk type, multimedia card micro type, card type memory (e.g., SD or XD memory), RAM, SRAM, ROM, EEPROM, PROM magnetic memory, magnetic disk, and optical disk. The memory may store information temporarily, permanently, or semi-permanently, and may be provided as an embedded or removable type.

[0063] The power module 260 may provide the power necessary to lock or unlock the gate. Additionally, the power module 260 may provide the power necessary to open or close the gate. The power module 260 may be provided as a motor, a solenoid, or an actuator.

[0064] When the power module 260 provides the power necessary to lock or unlock the gate, the power module 260 may provide power to change and / or maintain a lock module (not shown) to lock or unlock the gate to a locked or unlocked state. The lock module may be provided as a deadbolt, a latchbolt, or a combination thereof. Additionally, the lock module is not limited to deadbolts and latchbolts; typical lock modules may be used.

[0065] According to an embodiment, power module 260 may or may not be included in control device 200. Additionally, power module 260 may be located near control device 200 in the form of a separate device. In this case, control device 200 may provide signals to power module 260 for controlling power module 260. Additionally, the lock module described above may be included in control device 200 or may be located near control device 200 to receive control of control device 200.

[0066] The processor 270 may control each component of the control device 200 or may process and calculate various information. The processor 270 may be composed of one or more processors. The processor 270 may receive signals from some components included in the control device 200. In addition, the processor 270 may control the operation for executing some steps executed in the control device 200 among the steps of the methods described below, or may perform calculations necessary to execute the steps.

[0067] The processor 270 may be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination thereof. For example, from a hardware perspective, the processor 270 may be implemented by an FPGA, an ASIC, a semiconductor chip, or various types of electronic circuits. For example, from a software perspective, the processor 270 may be implemented by a logic program or various computer languages ​​executed by the above hardware.

[0068] The biometric data input module 280 may receive input of a user's biometric data. For example, the biometric data input module 280 may receive at least one of the user's voice, fingerprint, iris, face, and vein information. The biometric data input module 280 may be implemented by at least one of a microphone through which the user's voice information is input, a screen scanner through which the user's fingerprint information is input, or a camera through which the user's iris, face, and vein information is input.

[0069] The input module 290 may be configured to receive various inputs. For example, the input module 290 may obtain an input for requesting user authentication from the server or the terminal 100. In addition, the input module 290 may obtain an input for obtaining information necessary for user authentication (e.g., identification information, encryption information, biometric data of a user or a user terminal). In addition, the input module 290 may receive an input of setting change information for changing the settings of the control device 200.

[0070] In addition, the input module 290 may receive an input of a user authentication request from a user. For example, when the user authentication is to authenticate the user's access to a specific area, the control device 200 may receive an input to open a door and may open the door by activating the power module 260, or may send an access authentication request signal to the server or the terminal 100. For example, the input module 290 may be implemented by a keyboard, a keypad, a button, a switch, a jog shuttle, a wheel, or the like. In addition, the user's input may be, for example, a switch press, a button press, a touch, and a drag. When the display module 220 is implemented by a touch screen, the display module 220 may perform the role of the input module 290.

[0071] The control device 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure does not necessarily include all of the above components, and some components may be omitted according to choice.

[0072] For example, the control device 200 may include a control device 200 including a communication module 210 and a processor 270. More specifically, the control device 200 may receive information obtained from the terminal 100 through the communication module 210, which performs the function of a reader, and perform functions of analyzing the obtained information and controlling operations such as access management, attendance and absence management, system mode change, etc. through the processor 270, which performs the function of a controller.

[0073] Additionally, the control device 200 may be provided with additional components to perform additional functions and operations as desired.

[0074] FIG. 4 is a diagram provided to explain a control device according to an embodiment.

[0075] Referring to FIG. 4, the communication module 210 of the control device 200 described above may include a substrate 1010, an antenna 1020, and a ground 1030.

[0076] 4, the antenna 1020 may be disposed on one surface of the substrate 1010, and the ground 1030 may be disposed on the other surface of the substrate 1010. The antenna 1020 may transmit or receive a signal. For example, the antenna 1020 may transmit or receive a UWB signal indicative of a signal generated by a UWB communication protocol. In addition, two or more antennas 1020 may be implemented.

[0077] Additionally, the ground 1030 can be made of a conductive material. For example, the ground 1030 can be made of copper. Additionally, the ground 1030 can be implemented in the form of a plate or can be implemented in a predetermined pattern. Additionally, the ground 1030 can be made of phosphor bronze, aluminum, mild steel, etc.

[0078] Because the ground 1030 is made of the conductive material described above, significant electrical shielding can occur on the surface of the substrate 1010 on which the ground 1030 is disposed. This is described in detail below with reference to Figure 5. Figure 5A is a diagram provided to explain signal exchange between a control device and a terminal according to an embodiment, and Figure 5B is a diagram provided to explain signal exchange between a control device and a terminal according to an embodiment.

[0079] Referring to (A) of FIG. 5, the control device 200 may have an antenna disposed on one surface of the substrate and a ground disposed on the other surface of the substrate, similar to that shown in FIG. 4. The ground may be made of a conductive material. When the direction from the substrate to the antenna is defined as a first direction and the direction from the substrate to the ground is defined as a second direction, the terminal 100 may be disposed in the first direction, and the terminal 100' may be disposed in the second direction. In addition, the distance between the control device 200 and the terminal 100 and the distance between the control device 200 and the terminal 100' may be the same. If there are no obstacles between the control device 200 and the terminal 100, there may be no obstacle to signal propagation between the control device 200 and the terminal 100 when the control device 200 and the terminal 100 exchange signals. However, because the ground is made of a conductive material, when the control device 200 and the terminal 100' exchange signals, the ground of the control device 200 may reflect and / or absorb the signals exchanged between the control device 200 and the terminal 100'. Therefore, radio interference may occur in the signals exchanged between the control device 200 and the terminal 100'. That is, radio interference may not occur between the control device 200 and the terminal 100, but radio interference may occur between the control device 200 and the terminal 100'. The control device 200 may determine whether the terminal is in the first direction or the second direction by using the difference in radio interference in the signals transmitted and received by the control device 200.

[0080] Additionally, in Figure 5(B), the control device 300 may be the control device 200 illustrated in Figure 4, or may be a control device having an antenna and ground arrangement different from that illustrated in Figure 4. The control device 300 may be disposed on one surface of the wall 400.

[0081] When the direction from the wall 400 to the control device 300 is defined as a first direction and the direction opposite to the first direction is defined as a second direction, the terminal 100 may be located in the first direction, and the terminal 100' may be located in the second direction. In addition, the distance between the control device 300 and the terminal 100 and the distance between the control device 300 and the terminal 100' may be the same. If there is no obstacle between the control device 300 and the terminal 100 and there is a wall 400 between the control device 300 and the terminal 100', there may be no obstacle to the propagation of signals between the control device 300 and the terminal 100 when the control device 300 and the terminal 100 exchange signals. However, when the control device 300 and the terminal 100' exchange signals with each other, the wall 400 on which the control device 300 is located may reflect and / or absorb the signals exchanged between the control device 300 and the terminal 100'. Therefore, radio interference may occur in the signals exchanged between the control device 300 and the terminal 100'. That is, there may be no radio interference between the control device 300 and the terminal 100, but radio interference may occur between the control device 300 and the terminal 100′. The control device 300 may determine whether the terminal is in the first direction or the second direction by using the difference in radio interference in the signals transmitted and received by the control device 300.

[0082] The positioning method of the control device 300 for the terminal 100, 100' will be explained in detail below.

[0083] FIG. 6 is an operational flowchart provided to explain a positioning method for a control device according to an embodiment.

[0084] Referring to FIG. 6, the control device may receive a signal from the terminal (S100). For example, the control device may receive a UWB signal from the terminal, which indicates a signal generated by a UWB communication protocol. The UWB communication protocol may refer to a short-range, high-speed wireless communication protocol that uses a wide frequency band of several GHz or more, low spectral density, and a short pulse width (1 to 4 seconds) in a baseband state. In addition, communication using the UWB communication protocol may refer to the band itself to which the UWB communication protocol is applied.

[0085] Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the description will be made with reference to UWB signals as signals exchanged between the control device and the terminal, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In addition to UWB signals, the description of the present disclosure may also be applied to signals according to other communication protocols (e.g., signals according to the BLE communication protocol) between the control device and the terminal.

[0086] In an embodiment, the control device and the terminal may perform a discovery process, a link creation process, and a data communication process between them.

[0087] In the discovery process, the control device and the terminal may detect devices that are located nearby and can communicate with them. Through the discovery process, the control device and the terminal may detect each other. For example, the terminal may transmit a discovery signal to the control device, and the control device may receive the discovery signal from the terminal. In this case, the control device may identify the terminal as being located nearby and may transmit a response signal to the terminal. Conversely, the control device may transmit a discovery signal, the terminal may receive the discovery signal, and the terminal may then transmit a response signal to the control device.

[0088] Additionally, in the link creation process, the control device and the terminal may create a link for data communication with a detected device with which the control device intends to perform data communication. For example, the control device may create a link for transmitting data to the terminal.

[0089] In addition, in the data communication process, the control device and the terminal may exchange data with the device to which the link is created in the link creation process, for example, the control device and the terminal may exchange data with each other through the created link.

[0090] In an embodiment, the UWB signal exchanged between the control device and the terminal may include multiple packets, each of which may include a synchronization field. The packet structure of the UWB signal is described below with reference to FIG. 7.

[0091] Fig. 7A is a diagram illustrating a packet structure of a UWB signal according to an embodiment. Fig. 7B is a diagram illustrating a packet structure of a UWB signal according to an embodiment. Fig. 7C is a diagram illustrating a packet structure of a UWB signal according to an embodiment. Fig. 7D is a diagram illustrating a packet structure of a UWB signal according to an embodiment.

[0092] Referring to FIG. 7, the packet structure of a UWB signal can be divided into a high rate pulse (HRP) mode and a low rate pulse (LRP) mode, which have different data transfer rates and transmission ranges. The HRP mode and the LRP mode can be distinguished from each other in terms of the number of pulses of the UWB signal. A UWB signal in the LRP mode may have a higher power output but a smaller number of pulses than a UWB signal in the HRP mode. A UWB signal in the HRP mode may have a higher number of pulses but a lower power output than a UWB signal in the LRP mode. Therefore, the HRP mode can be widely used in terminals such as smartphones. The packet structure of a UWB signal in the HRP mode will be described.

[0093] Figure 7A illustrates HRP mode 1, Figure 7B illustrates HRP mode 2, and Figure 7C illustrates HRP mode 3. The frames of the UWB signals in Figures 7A, 7B, and 7C may include a scrambled timestamp sequence (STS) field. Figure 7D illustrates HRP mode 0, which does not include an STS field.

[0094] In FIG. 7A, a packet of a UWB signal may include a synchronization field, a start frame identifier (SFD) field, an STS field, a physical layer header (PHR) field, and a PHY payload field.

[0095] A preamble code may be repeatedly included in the synchronization field. The size of a frame of a UWB signal may be determined based on the length of the synchronization field.

[0096] The SFD field may indicate a data rate, where a short length of the SFD field may indicate a normal data rate and a long length of the SFD field may indicate a slow data rate.

[0097] In addition, RMARKER may be located in the first chip or symbol generated after the SFD field. In Figure 7, RMARKER may be represented by an arrow. RMARKER may indicate the timing for measuring the distance.

[0098] The PHR field may include information such as the data rate of the received PHY payload field, the length of the current frame, etc. In an embodiment, a UWB signal including a ranging frame RFRAME between devices may be included to measure the positions between the devices. In this case, the PHR field included in the ranging frame may include a ranging bit (ranging field).

[0099] The data transmitted between physical layers, the PHY Service Data Unit (PSDU), may be contained in the PHY payload field.

[0100] An STS field may be included in the frame of the UWB signal depending on the mode. The STS field may be an encryption sequence known only to the two devices exchanging data, i.e., the control device and the terminal.

[0101] The STS field may be used to distinguish between data received after being reflected from an external obstacle and data received directly from the device. Additionally, the STS field may include an STS seed and an STS index.

[0102] Referring again to FIG. 6 , the control device may determine whether the terminal is located in a first direction or a second direction based on a signal received from the terminal (S200). The terminal may also determine whether the control device is located in the first direction or the second direction based on a signal received from the control device. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, an example is given in which the control device determines whether the terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction, but this should not be considered limiting. The terminal may also determine whether the control device is located in the first direction or the second direction.

[0103] In an embodiment, in step S200, the control device may determine whether the terminal is located in a first direction or a second direction based on changes in the strength and phase angle of the signal received from the terminal. As described above, the control device may receive an UWB signal from the terminal, and the UWB signal may include multiple packets. In addition, each of the multiple packets may include a synchronization field. The control device may obtain channel impulse response (CIR) data of the signal received from the terminal through a correlation calculation with the synchronization field included in each of the multiple packets.

[0104] Specifically, the synchronization field may be formed by repeating UWB symbols. For example, the number of UWB symbols in the synchronization field may be selected from 16, 64, 1024, and 4096. One UWB symbol may use a code consisting of 31 or 127 UWB pulses (or chips). The code may be any one of three types: 1, 0, and −1. 1 may indicate a UWB pulse with a positive size, −1 may indicate a UWB pulse with a negative size, and 0 may indicate the absence of a UWB pulse. The control device may perform an autocorrelation calculation on the UWB symbols, and the correlation characteristic obtained from the autocorrelation calculation may be the CIR. The correlation characteristic for the UWB symbols may indicate that all UWB symbols have one value. The terminal may repeatedly transmit the UWB symbols in the synchronization field to increase distance resolution. Therefore, the control device may obtain multiple CIRs through autocorrelation calculations on multiple UWB symbols. In the same radio environment, the CIR of each UWB symbol may be the same, but in reality, there is a small change in the internal clock of the control device, and therefore the sampling time of the CIR may also change, and therefore the CIR may change. In the detailed description of the present disclosure, such a CIR may be expressed by CIR data. The CIR data may represent data that integrates multiple CIRs, or may represent data obtained from processing multiple CIRs in a statistical technique. As described above, the control device may obtain the CIR data.

[0105] In addition, according to an embodiment, the control device may obtain CIR data of a signal received from a terminal through a correlation calculation for an STS field included in each of a plurality of packets. For example, the STS field may be the encryption sequence described above. In other words, the STS field in a UWB signal may be formed from an encryption pulse sequence. The control device may obtain the CIR data through a correlation calculation process involving the waveform of the STS field calculated by the control device.

[0106] In addition, the CIR data may include an in-phase component and a quadrature-phase component. Specifically, the communication module of the terminal may include a transmitter, and the terminal may upconvert the frequency to a UWB channel by multiplying a UWB symbol signal by a carrier frequency and transmit the UWB signal using the transmitter. The communication module of the control device may include a receiver having an IQ demodulator structure, and the control device may use the receiver to downconvert the frequency of a UWB signal received from the terminal, thereby generating a received signal on an I channel and a received signal on a Q channel. The control device may perform a correlation calculation on the received signal on the I channel to obtain a cross-correlation function between the received signal on the I channel and a transmission signal from the terminal, and may perform a correlation calculation on the received signal on the Q channel to obtain a cross-correlation function between the received signal on the Q channel and a transmission signal from the terminal. The cross-correlation function between the received signal on the I channel and the transmission signal from the terminal may be the in-phase component of the CIR data, and the cross-correlation function between the received signal on the Q channel and the transmission signal from the terminal may be the quadrature-phase component of the CIR data. Therefore, the CIR data obtained based on the UWB signal received by the control device may be expressed in the form of a complex number.

[0107] More specifically, the UWB signal transmitted by the terminal can be expressed as shown in Equation 1 presented below. [Formula 1] s(t)=m(t)cos(2πf c t) where s(t) is the UWB signal transmitted from the terminal, m(t) is the UWB symbol signal, and f c is the carrier frequency.

[0108] In addition, the received signal on the I channel at the control device can be expressed as shown in Equation 2 presented below. [Formula 2] I(t)=m(t)cos(2πΔft+Δφ) where I(t) is the received signal on the I channel, m(t) is the UWB symbol signal, Δf is the frequency error, and Δφ is the phase error. As explained above, the received signal on the I channel may fluctuate with the UWB symbol signal m(t) according to the frequency error and phase error. To reduce the frequency error and phase error, a received signal on the Q channel having quadrature characteristics may be required. The received signal on the Q channel at the control device may be expressed as shown in Equation 3 presented below. [Formula 3] Q(t)=m(t)sin(2πΔft+Δφ) where Q(t) is the received signal on the Q channel, m(t) is the UWB symbol signal, Δf is the frequency error, and Δφ is the phase error.

[0109] In addition, the control device may calculate the signal size as shown in Equation 4. Therefore, the control device may accurately demodulate the UWB symbol signal regardless of frequency and phase errors. [Formula 4]

number

[0110] In addition, the autocorrelation function of the transmission signal m(t) from the terminal is Φ m (τ), the cross-correlation function of the received signal on the I channel and m(t) in Equation 2 can be expressed as shown in Equation 5 presented below. [Formula 5] Φ Im (t,τ)=Φ m (τ)cos(Δωt+Δφ) where Φ Im (t,τ) is the cross-correlation function of the received signal on the I channel and m(t), Δω is the frequency error, and Δφ is the phase error. As explained above, the correlation properties of the I signal are expressed by the autocorrelation function Φ m It can be the addition of frequency and phase errors to (τ).

[0111] In addition, the cross-correlation function of the received signal on the Q channel and m(t) in Equation 2 can be expressed as shown in Equation 6 presented below. [Formula 6] Φ Qm (t,τ)=Φ m (τ)sin(Δωt+Δφ) where Φ Qm (t, τ) is the cross-correlation function of the received signal on the Q channel and m(t), Δω is the frequency error, and Δφ is the phase error.

[0112] Additionally, Equation 7 can be derived from Equations 5 and 6. [Formula 7]

number

[0113] In an embodiment, the control device may estimate the distance to the terminal by using the CIR data. Specifically, the control device may obtain multiple pieces of CIR data (e.g., 1,016) each time it receives a packet. In this case, among the multiple pieces of data, the first CIR data whose size (e.g., the size of the autocorrelation function of the transmission signal from the terminal) exceeds a predetermined threshold may be represented by FP_INDEX. The control device may estimate the received signal strength of the UWB signal by using the size of a predetermined number (e.g., 3) of CIR data pieces after FP_INDEX. The received signal strength of the UWB signal may be expressed as shown in Equation 8 presented below. [Formula 8] RSS=10log 10 ((F1 2 +F2 2 +F3 2 ) / (N 2 ))+6D-A where RSS is the received signal strength of the UWB signal, F1, F2 and F3 are the sizes of the three CIR data after FP_INDEX, N is the number of UWB symbols in the synchronization field, D is a value related to the adjustment of the receiver of the communication module of the control device, and A is the offset value.

[0114] The control device may estimate the distance to the terminal by using the received signal strength of the UWB signal.

[0115] In step S200, the control device may generate an IQ plot of the CIR data. As described above, the CIR data may include a cross-correlation function between the received signal on the I channel and the transmission signal from the terminal, and a cross-correlation function between the received signal on the Q channel and the transmission signal from the terminal, which respectively become the in-phase and quadrature components of the CIR data. The control device may generate the IQ plot by placing the in-phase component of the CIR data on the X-axis and the quadrature component of the CIR data on the Y-axis. In the IQ plot, one piece of CIR data may be represented by one point according to the in-phase and quadrature components. This will be described below with reference to Figures 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D and Figures 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D.

[0116] Figure 8A is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment, Figure 8B is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment, Figure 8C is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment, Figure 8D is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment, Figure 9A is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment, Figure 9B is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment, Figure 9C is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment, and Figure 9D is a diagram provided to explain an IQ plot according to an embodiment. In the graphs of Figures 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D and 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D, the X-axis may represent the in-phase component of the CIR data, and the Y-axis may represent the quadrature-phase component of the CIR data.

[0117] Referring to Figures 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D, Figure 8A illustrates an IQ plot when the control device and the first terminal are separated from each other by 1 meter and the first terminal is positioned in a first direction (i.e., from the control device substrate to the control device antenna), and Figure 8B illustrates an IQ plot when the control device and the first terminal are separated from each other by 1 meter and the first terminal is positioned in a second direction (i.e., from the control device substrate to the control device ground).

[0118] 8C illustrates an IQ plot when the control device and the second terminal are separated by one meter and the second terminal is positioned in a first direction, and FIG. 8D illustrates an IQ plot when the control device and the second terminal are separated by one meter and the second terminal is positioned in a second direction, where the first terminal and the second terminal are different terminals; for example, the first terminal may be a terminal running Android (registered trademark) and the second terminal may be a terminal running iOS (registered trademark).

[0119] Referring to Figures 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D, Figure 9A illustrates an IQ plot when the control device and the first terminal are separated from each other by 2 meters and the first terminal is positioned in a first direction, and Figure 9B illustrates an IQ plot when the control device and the first terminal are separated from each other by 2 meters and the first terminal is positioned in a second direction.

[0120] Figure 9C illustrates an IQ plot when the control device and the second terminal are separated from each other by 2 meters and the second terminal is positioned in a first direction, and Figure 9D illustrates an IQ plot when the control device and the second terminal are separated from each other by 2 meters and the second terminal is positioned in a second direction.

[0121] In addition, the control device may obtain the density of the CIR data present in each quadrant of the IQ plot, and may estimate the direction in which the terminal is located based on the density of the CIR data present in each quadrant of the IQ plot.

[0122] Specifically, the control device may calculate the angle values ​​of the CIR data present in each quadrant. For example, the control device may calculate the boundary line between the first and fourth quadrants and the angle value formed by each CIR data. In addition, the control device may calculate statistical values ​​about the distribution of the angle values ​​of the CIR data. For example, the control device may calculate the average of the distribution of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant and, based on the average, calculate the variance and / or standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant. The control device may set the variance and / or standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant as a density criterion and estimate the direction in which the terminal is located based on the variance and / or standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant. For example, when the variance and / or standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant is less than a predefined threshold, the control device may determine that the terminal is located in a first direction, and when the variance and / or standard deviation is greater than or equal to the predefined threshold, the control device may determine that the terminal is located in a second direction. As described above, when the terminal is located in the second direction, radio interference may occur in the UWB signals exchanged between the control device and the terminal due to the ground. Due to the radio interference, there may be a difference between the UWB signals exchanged between the control device and the terminal when the terminal is located in the second direction and the UWB signals exchanged between the control device and the terminal when the terminal is located in the first direction. The difference in the UWB signals may appear as a difference in the density of CIR data present in each quadrant of the IQ plot, i.e., a change in the variance and / or standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant. The predefined threshold is a criterion for such a difference, and therefore, the control device may determine whether the terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction by using the variance and / or standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant and the predefined threshold.

[0123] In an embodiment, to increase the accuracy of positioning, the control device may extract predetermined CIR data from all CIR data based on the position of the CIR data in the IQ plot, and may determine whether the terminal is located in a first direction or a second direction based on the density of the predetermined CIR data. Specifically, the control device may select CIR data whose distance from the origin of the IQ plot is greater than or equal to a predetermined distance from all CIR data, and may determine whether the terminal is located in a first direction or a second direction based on the density of the selected CIR data. This is because the closer the terminal is to the control device, the shorter the distance between the origin of the IQ plot and the CIR data. When the terminal is located near the control device, the degree of radio interference depending on the terminal's position is small, and therefore the probability of an error occurring in the control device when finding the direction is high. The above content can be applied to calculating the density of the selected CIR data and finding the direction of the terminal, so detailed description will be omitted.

[0124] Additionally, in an embodiment, the control device may select a predetermined number of quadrants from the four quadrants of the IQ plot to increase the accuracy of positioning, and may determine whether the terminal is located in a first direction or a second direction based on the density of the CIR data in the selected quadrants, as described below with reference to Figures 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, and Figures 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D.

[0125] Figure 10A is a diagram provided to explain a direction discovery method for a terminal control device according to an embodiment, Figure 10B is a diagram provided to explain a direction discovery method for a terminal control device according to an embodiment, Figure 10C is a diagram provided to explain a direction discovery method for a terminal control device according to an embodiment, Figure 10D is a diagram provided to explain a direction discovery method for a terminal control device according to an embodiment, Figure 11A is a diagram provided to explain a direction discovery method for a terminal control device according to an embodiment, Figure 11B is a diagram provided to explain a direction discovery method for a terminal control device according to an embodiment, Figure 11C is a diagram provided to explain a direction discovery method for a terminal control device according to an embodiment, and Figure 11D is a diagram provided to explain a direction discovery method for a terminal control device according to an embodiment.

[0126] 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D, the graph of Fig. 10A may correspond to the IQ plot of Fig. 8A, the graph of Fig. 10B may correspond to the IQ plot of Fig. 8B, the graph of Fig. 10C may correspond to the IQ plot of Fig. 9A, and the graph of Fig. 10D may correspond to the IQ plot of Fig. 9B. That is, the graph of Fig. 10A may show a case where the control device and the first terminal are separated from each other by 1 meter and the first terminal is disposed in a first direction, the graph of Fig. 10B may show a case where the control device and the first terminal are separated from each other by 1 meter and the first terminal is disposed in a second direction, the graph of Fig. 10C may show a case where the control device and the first terminal are separated from each other by 2 meters and the first terminal is disposed in a first direction, and the graph of Fig. 10D may show a case where the control device and the first terminal are separated from each other by 2 meters and the first terminal is disposed in a second direction.

[0127] 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D, the X-axis indicates each quadrant. If the graphs in Figures 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D are referred to as the first, second, and third graphs, respectively, from the top to the bottom, the Y-axis of the first graph in Figures 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D indicates the proportion of CIR data present in each quadrant of the IQ plot, the Y-axis of the second graph indicates the variance of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant, and the Y-axis of the third graph indicates the standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant.

[0128] In the graphs of Figures 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D, bars filled with dots indicate values ​​for all CIR data, and bars filled with diagonal lines indicate values ​​for CIR data selected based on the position of the CIR data in the IQ plot. For example, bars filled with diagonal lines indicate values ​​for CIR data whose distance from the origin in the IQ plot is 300 or greater. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the operation of the control device will be described based on bars filled with diagonal lines, i.e., values ​​for selected CIR data, but this should not be considered limiting. The following explanation may also apply to bars filled with dots, i.e., values ​​for all CIR data.

[0129] In an embodiment, the control device may select a predetermined number of quadrants from the four quadrants in the IQ plot. For example, in the first graph of FIG. 10A, the control device may select the first and third quadrants, which have a high proportion of CIR data. Similarly, in the case of FIG. 10B, the control device may select the second and third quadrants, in the case of FIG. 10C, the second and fourth quadrants, and in the case of FIG. 10D, the control device may select the first and third quadrants.

[0130] In addition, the control device may calculate an average for the distribution of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant, and may calculate a variance of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant based on the average. The variance of the angle values ​​of the CIR data may be represented by the second graph in Figures 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D. In addition, the control device may calculate a standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant based on the variance of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant. The standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data may be represented by the third graph in Figures 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D.

[0131] In addition, a threshold for the standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data may be set in the control device. The control device may determine whether the first terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction by applying the threshold to the standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data. In the examples of Figures 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D, the threshold may be set to 20. In the third graphs of Figures 10A and 10C, the standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in the two selected quadrants may be less than 20. Therefore, in the cases of Figures 10A and 10C, the control device may determine that the first terminal is located in the first direction.

[0132] On the other hand, in the third graphs of Figures 10B and 10D, the standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in the two selected quadrants may be 20 or more. Therefore, the control device may determine that the first terminal is positioned in the second direction in the cases of Figures 10B and 10D.

[0133] 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D, the graph of Fig. 11A may correspond to the IQ plot of Fig. 8C, the graph of Fig. 11B may correspond to the IQ plot of Fig. 8D, the graph of Fig. 11C may correspond to the IQ plot of Fig. 9C, and the graph of Fig. 11D may correspond to the IQ plot of Fig. 9D. That is, the graph of Fig. 11A may show a case where the control device and the second terminal are separated from each other by 1 meter and the second terminal is disposed in a first direction, the graph of Fig. 11B may show a case where the control device and the second terminal are separated from each other by 1 meter and the second terminal is disposed in a second direction, the graph of Fig. 11C may show a case where the control device and the second terminal are separated from each other by 2 meters and the second terminal is disposed in a first direction, and the graph of Fig. 11D may show a case where the control device and the second terminal are separated from each other by 2 meters and the second terminal is disposed in a second direction.

[0134] 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D, the X-axis indicates each quadrant. If the graphs in Figures 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D are referred to as the first, second, and third graphs, respectively, from the top to the bottom, the Y-axis of the first graph in Figures 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D indicates the proportion of CIR data present in each quadrant of the IQ plot, the Y-axis of the second graph indicates the variance of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant, and the Y-axis of the third graph indicates the standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant.

[0135] In the graphs of Figures 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D, bars filled with dots indicate values ​​for all CIR data, and bars filled with diagonal lines indicate values ​​for CIR data selected based on the position of the CIR data in the IQ plot. For example, bars filled with diagonal lines indicate values ​​for CIR data whose distance from the origin in the IQ plot is 300 or greater. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the operation of the control device will be described based on bars filled with diagonal lines, i.e., values ​​for selected CIR data, but this should not be considered limiting. The following explanation may also be applied to bars filled with dots, i.e., values ​​for all CIR data.

[0136] In an embodiment, the control device may select a predetermined number of quadrants from the four quadrants in the IQ plot. For example, in the first graph of FIG. 11A, the control device may select the first and third quadrants, which have a high proportion of CIR data. Similarly, the control device may select the second and fourth quadrants in the case of FIG. 11B, the first and fourth quadrants in the case of FIG. 11C, and the third and fourth quadrants in the case of FIG. 11D.

[0137] In addition, the control device may calculate an average for the distribution of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant, and may calculate a variance of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant based on the average. The variance of the angle values ​​of the CIR data may be represented by the second graph in Figures 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D. In addition, the control device may calculate a standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant based on the variance of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in each quadrant. The standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data may be represented by the third graph in Figures 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D.

[0138] In addition, a threshold for the standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data may be set in the control device. The control device may determine whether the second terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction by applying the threshold to the standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data. In the examples of Figures 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D, the threshold may be set to 20. In the third graphs of Figures 11A and 11C, the standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in the two selected quadrants may be less than 20. Therefore, in the cases of Figures 11A and 11C, the control device may determine that the second terminal is located in the first direction.

[0139] On the other hand, in the third graphs of Figures 11B and 11D, the standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data in the two selected quadrants may be 20 or more. Therefore, the control device may determine that the second terminal is positioned in the second direction in the cases of Figures 11B and 11D.

[0140] Additionally, in another embodiment, in step S200, the control device may determine whether the terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction using the parameters according to the UWB signal and the distribution of the angle values ​​of the CIR data described above (e.g., the variance and / or standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data). For example, the parameters according to the UWB signal may refer to parameters analyzed based on the UWB signal, such as the strength, received signal strength indication (RSSI), angle value, angle of arrival (AoA), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), etc.

[0141] The control device may perform a correlation analysis on the parameters from the UWB signal and the distribution of the angle values ​​of the CIR data (e.g., the variance and / or standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the CIR data), and may determine whether the terminal is located in a first direction or a second direction based on the results of the correlation analysis.

[0142] For example, the control device may obtain the SNR values ​​of the CIR data obtained in the first direction and the CIR data obtained in the second direction, identify the variance values ​​of the SNR values, and then finally analyze the difference between the SNR values ​​and the variance values ​​of the CIR data and the CIR power to more accurately determine whether the user terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction.

[0143] More specifically, in step S200, the control device may obtain an SNR value of the CIR data, obtain a variance value of the obtained SNR value, and obtain a power value of the CIR data.

[0144] In an embodiment, the control device may acquire an SNR value of the CIR data, a power value of the CIR data, and / or a variance value of the SNR values ​​from a manufacturer of the communication module, perform a correlation analysis on the acquired SNR value, the variance value of the SNR values, and the power value of the CIR data, and determine whether the terminal is located in a first direction or a second direction based on a result of the correlation analysis.

[0145] In an embodiment, the control device may obtain a ratio value of at least one of the SNR value of the CIR data, the power value of the CIR data, the variance value of the SNR values, and the distribution of the angle values ​​of the CIR data to a value obtained from the distance measurement. For example, the ratio value of the value obtained from the distance measurement may be determined experimentally. In addition, the control device may determine whether the terminal is located in a first direction or a second direction by using the ratio value of at least one of the SNR value of the CIR data, the power value of the CIR data, the variance value of the SNR values, or the distribution of the angle values ​​of the CIR data to a value obtained from the distance measurement. For example, when the distance to the terminal is located in a predetermined section, the control device may determine whether the terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction by using the ratio value of the value obtained from the distance measurement.

[0146] Additionally, in another embodiment, in step S200, the control device may determine whether the terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction based on the number of received packets. Specifically, the control device may determine whether the terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction based on the ranging frames of the received UWB signal packets. As described above, when the terminal is located in the second direction, the strength of the UWB signal received by the control device may be weaker than when the terminal is located in the first direction, or the number of UWB signal packets may be smaller than when the terminal is located in the first direction, and therefore the number of ranging frames of the UWB signal packets may be smaller. Therefore, the control device may compare the number of received ranging frames with a predefined threshold number of ranging frames to determine whether the terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction. More specifically, the threshold number of ranging frames may be pre-set in the control device. Theoretically, the threshold number of ranging frames may be set based on the number of ranging frames that can be acquired by the control device over a predetermined period of time. The control device may receive ranging frames over a predetermined time period and may determine that the terminal is located in a first orientation when the number of received ranging frames is greater than or equal to a threshold number of ranging frames, and may determine that the terminal is located in a second orientation when the number of received ranging frames is less than the threshold number of ranging frames.

[0147] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented as software including instructions stored on a storage medium (machine-readable storage medium) that is readable by a machine (e.g., a computer). The machine may be a device that invokes instructions stored on the storage medium and operates according to the invoked instructions, and may include electronic devices according to the disclosed embodiments. When instructions are executed by a processor, the processor may perform the functions corresponding to the instructions directly by itself or by using other components under the control of the processor. The instructions may include code generated or executed by a compiler or an interpreter. The machine-readable storage medium may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. The term "non-transitory" simply means that the storage medium does not contain a signal and is a tangible device, but this term does not distinguish between cases where data is permanently stored on the storage medium and cases where data is temporarily stored on the storage medium. For example, a "non-transitory storage medium" may include a buffer where data is temporarily stored.

[0148] According to an embodiment, a method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may be included in or provided in a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded as a product between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)) or may be distributed online via an application store (e.g., the Play Store®). When distributed online, at least a portion of a downloadable application, as an example of a computer program product, may be temporarily generated or at least temporarily stored in a storage medium such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an application store server, or a relay server.

[0149] While the embodiments have been described with reference to the specified embodiments and drawings described above, various modifications and changes may be made to the above description by those skilled in the art. For example, suitable results may be achieved even if the techniques described above are performed in an order different from that described above, and / or the components of the systems, structures, devices, circuits, etc. described above are combined or combined in a manner different from that described above, or are substituted or substituted with other components or equivalents.

[0150] Accordingly, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents within the scope of the claims are within the scope of the claims presented below.

Claims

1. 1. An access control device comprising: a communication module configured to perform communication by using an UWB communication protocol; and one or more processors configured to control the access control device to perform communication with a user terminal located near the access control device by using the communication module; Equipped with wherein the communication module includes: a substrate; an antenna disposed on a first surface of the substrate; and a ground disposed on a second surface of the substrate opposite the first surface; wherein the one or more processors are configured to: receive a signal from the user terminal through the communication module; and, when a direction from the board to the antenna is a first direction and a direction from the board to the ground is a second direction, determine whether the user terminal is positioned in the first direction or the second direction based on a change in a phase angle of the signal received from the user terminal. Access control devices.

2. the signal received from the user terminal includes a plurality of packets; wherein each of the plurality of packets includes an STS field; wherein the plurality of CIR data of the signal received from the user terminal is obtained through correlation calculation for the STS field included in each of the plurality of packets; The access control device of claim 1 .

3. each of the plurality of CIR data includes an in-phase component and a quadrature-phase component; wherein the one or more processors are configured to: generate an IQ plot based on the in-phase component and the quadrature-phase component, each of the plurality of CIR data being represented by a dot on the IQ plot; and determine, based on the IQ plot, whether the user terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction. The access control device of claim 2 .

4. 4. The access control device of claim 3, wherein the one or more processors are configured to: calculate angle values ​​of the plurality of CIR data in four quadrants of the IQ plot; and determine whether the user terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction based on a distribution of the angle values ​​of the plurality of CIR data.

5. 5. The access control device of claim 4, wherein the one or more processors are configured to calculate angle values ​​of CIR data corresponding to the plurality of packets, respectively, in N predefined quadrants out of the four quadrants of the IQ plot, where N is a natural number less than or equal to 3.

6. 5. The access control device according to claim 4, wherein the one or more processors are configured to calculate a first standard deviation value indicating a standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the plurality of CIR data, and to determine whether the user terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction based on the first standard deviation value.

7. 7. The access control device of claim 6, wherein the one or more processors are configured to compare the first standard deviation value and a predefined standard deviation value, and to determine whether the user terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction based on a result of the comparison.

8. The one or more processors: calculating distances of the plurality of CIR data from an origin in the IQ plot; Calculating angle values ​​of a plurality of CIR data whose distance is less than or equal to a predefined distance among the plurality of CIR data; calculating a second standard deviation value indicating a standard deviation of the angle values ​​of the plurality of CIR data for which the distance is less than or equal to the predefined distance; comparing the second standard deviation value and the predefined standard deviation value; and Based on the result of the comparison, it is determined whether the user terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction. The access control device according to claim 7, configured to:

9. The one or more processors: Calculating a correlation analysis value by performing a correlation analysis of the parameter according to the signal received from the user terminal and the distribution of the angle values ​​of the plurality of CIR data; and determining whether the user terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction based on the correlation analysis value; The access control device according to claim 7, configured to:

10. The one or more processors: comparing the number of the plurality of packets and a predefined number of packets; and Based on the result of the comparison, it is determined whether the user terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction. The access control device of claim 2 , configured to:

11. each of the plurality of packets includes a ranging frame (RFRAME); 11. The access control device of claim 10, wherein the one or more processors are configured to compare the number of ranging frames included in each of the plurality of packets with a predefined threshold number of ranging frames, and to determine whether the user terminal is located in the first direction or the second direction based on a result of the comparison.

12. 12. The access control device according to claim 1, wherein the ground comprises a conductive material for electromagnetic shielding.

13. A control method for an access control device, the access control device comprising: a communication module configured to perform communication by using an UWB communication protocol, the communication module including: a substrate; an antenna disposed on a first surface of the substrate; and a ground disposed on a second surface of the substrate opposite the first surface; wherein the control method comprises: receiving a signal from a user terminal through the communication module; and determining whether the user terminal is positioned in the first direction or the second direction based on a change in a phase angle of the signal received from the user terminal when a direction from the board to the antenna is a first direction and a direction from the board to the ground is a second direction; Equipped with method.

14. A program causing a processor to execute the method according to claim 13.

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