Measurement device, measurement method, and program

Abstract

To perform measurement of a virus in a water treatment system in a short time.SOLUTION: A measurement device according to an embodiment includes a virus disruption device and a PCR device. The virus disruption device elutes a nucleic acid of a virus contained in water by heating water to be measured to a specified temperature in less than a specified time. The PCR device measures an amount of virus contained in water by performing one-step RT-qPCR with respect to the water in which the nucleic acid is eluted by the virus disruption device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a measurement device, a measurement method, and a program. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, water treatment systems have been known that purify treated water using a membrane filtration device equipped with a filtration membrane. In the water treatment system, for example, a chemical solution such as sodium hypochlorite is injected into the membrane filtration device to remove organic matter contained in the treated water (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] Furthermore, a method using a column is known as a method for extracting and purifying nucleic acids (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

[0004] Also, one-step RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction) and two-step RT-PCR are known as methods for detecting trace amounts of RNA molecular specimens (see, for example, Patent Document 3). Furthermore, Patent Document 4 describes one-step RT-qPCR (quantitative PCR). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-104093 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-360245 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-8970 [Patent Document 4] Special Publication No. 2012-525837 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] RT-qPCR may be used to efficiently measure viruses in water treatment systems. This requires a process for eluting or extracting nucleic acids from the feed water or filtered water of the membrane filtration system. The method for extracting and purifying nucleic acids using a column, as described in Patent Document 2, has the drawback of taking a long time.

[0007] In one aspect, an object is to measure viruses in a water treatment system in a short period of time. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] One aspect of the measurement device includes a virus disruption device and a PCR device. The virus disruption device heats the water to be measured to a specified temperature in less than a specified time, thereby eluting the nucleic acids of viruses contained in the water. The PCR device measures the amount of viruses contained in the water by performing one-step RT-qPCR on the water from which the nucleic acids have been eluted by the virus disruption device. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to one embodiment, virus measurement in a water treatment system can be performed in a short time. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the injection of sodium hypochlorite and residual chlorine. [Figure 2] 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a water treatment system according to an embodiment. [Figure 3] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a UF membrane filtration device according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of an RO membrane filtration device according to an embodiment. FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration example of an RO membrane filtration device according to an embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a control device according to the embodiment. [Figure 7]1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a measurement device according to an embodiment; [Figure 8] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the heating temperature of HTP and PMMoV. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between heating time and PMMoV in HTP. [Figure 10] 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an evaluation device according to an embodiment. [Figure 11] 10 is a flowchart showing an example of a processing flow of the measurement device according to the embodiment. [Figure 12] 10 is a flowchart showing an example of a process flow for determining an injection amount of a medicine according to the embodiment. [Figure 13] 10 is a flowchart showing an example of a process flow for determining a cleaning method according to the embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] Hereinafter, embodiments of the measuring device, measuring method, and program disclosed herein will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the invention of the present application is not limited to the embodiments described here. Furthermore, identical elements are given the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations will be omitted as appropriate. Furthermore, each embodiment can be combined as appropriate within a range that does not cause contradictions.

[0012] [1. Introduction] Water treatment for wastewater such as sewage and stormwater is generally broadly classified into three types: primary treatment, secondary treatment, and tertiary treatment.

[0013] Primary treatment removes large solids such as impurities contained in wastewater. Secondary treatment uses microorganisms (bacteria) to remove organic matter that could not be completely removed in primary treatment. Secondary treatment involves, for example, activated sludge treatment and nitrification / denitrification treatment. Tertiary treatment involves the precipitation and removal of suspended solids that could not be completely removed in secondary treatment. Tertiary treatment involves the removal of suspended solids using sand filtration and membrane filtration.

[0014] In secondary treatment, many microorganisms exist in the wastewater, and these microorganisms oxidize and decompose organic matter. The microorganisms are then precipitated and removed as sediment. After the sediment is removed, the wastewater contains microorganisms that did not settle and viruses attached to bacteria, etc.

[0015] Chlorine (sodium hypochlorite) is injected into this treated sewage water (secondary treated water or tertiary treated water) to remove microorganisms, viruses, etc. This allows the water treatment system 1 to prevent the proliferation of microorganisms and viruses and suppress clogging of the filtration membrane in the subsequent membrane filtration process.

[0016] Here, excess sodium hypochlorite is injected into the wastewater, exceeding the stable value. By injecting excess sodium hypochlorite in this way, microorganisms and viruses are more reliably removed.

[0017] By adding sodium hypochlorite (chlorine) to wastewater, combined chlorine (chloramine) is produced from ammonia (NH4-N).

[0018] Generally, the type of combined chlorine present in water varies depending on the following reaction formulas (1) to (4) and chemical equilibrium.

[0019] [ka]

[0020] As shown in reaction equations (1) to (4), ammonia (NH3) is converted into three main combined chlorine species (monochloramine (NH2Cl), dichloramine (NHCl2), and trichloramine (NCl3)) depending on the water quality conditions.

[0021] Figure 1 shows the relationship between sodium hypochlorite injection and residual chlorine. This graph shows the residual chlorine when a fixed amount of sodium hypochlorite is injected into ammonia water per hour. The horizontal axis of the graph in Figure 1 represents time, and the vertical axis represents residual chlorine.

[0022] Specifically, during the period from when the addition of sodium hypochlorite begins until a first time t1 (Zone 1), sodium hypochlorite is consumed by microorganisms, so sodium hypochlorite is not detected in the water to be treated. The first time t1 changes depending on the amount of microorganisms contained in the water to be treated.

[0023] After that (after the first time t1) until the second time t2 (Zone 2), the reaction of the above-mentioned formula (1) becomes dominant, ammonia and sodium hypochlorite combine, and monochloramine begins to be detected.

[0024] If sodium hypochlorite continues to be injected, the reaction of formula (2) above becomes dominant between the second time t2 and the third time t3 (Zone 3), and dichloramine begins to be detected. If sodium hypochlorite continues to be injected thereafter, sodium hypochlorite itself begins to be detected after the third time t3 (Zone 4). The period from the second time t2 to the third time t3 changes depending on the amount of ammonia contained in the wastewater, etc.

[0025] The time t2 cannot be clearly defined, and the time at which dichloramine is generated varies depending on the water quality. Therefore, water quality is currently managed by skilled water managers to prevent dichloramine generation.

[0026] The amount of microorganisms and ammonia contained in the water to be treated varies depending on the quality of the sewage and the type of primary or secondary treatment. To more reliably remove microorganisms, excess sodium hypochlorite and ammonia (e.g., ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride) are usually injected into the water to be treated.

[0027] In this way, excessive injection of sodium hypochlorite or ammonium sulfate (or ammonium chloride) results in an increase in the amounts used, which increases costs.

[0028] In addition, excessive sodium hypochlorite injection can increase the production of NDMA (N-nitrosodimethylamine). NDMA is generated by the reaction of chloramine with an NDMA precursor. Dichloramine, in particular, is known to produce NDMA explosively.

[0029] For example, in the United States, standards have been set to limit NDMA in drinking water to 10ng / L or less. NDMA generated by the injection of sodium hypochlorite cannot be removed by membrane filtration. NDMA is broken down by UV (UltraViolet) advanced oxidation (Post AOP (photooxidation / advanced oxidation)) treatment, which occurs after membrane filtration.

[0030] Injecting a large amount of sodium hypochlorite into the water to be treated not only increases costs due to the increased amount of sodium hypochlorite used, but also increases the load on UV-induced advanced oxidation for NDMA removal, which in turn increases the time required for treatment by the water treatment system and increases costs.

[0031] On the other hand, if the amount of sodium hypochlorite injected into the wastewater is too small, the problem of not being able to completely remove the microorganisms in the wastewater can occur. These remaining microorganisms can reduce the permeability of the filtration membranes used in the membrane filtration process, which can lead to a deterioration in the quality of the treated water (reclaimed water).

[0032] As described above, in a water treatment system, there is a trade-off between the quality of the reclaimed water and the cost of reclaiming wastewater. Therefore, it is necessary to control each process so as to reduce costs while maintaining the quality of the reclaimed water.

[0033] Furthermore, excessive injection leaves a large amount of chlorine remaining in the wastewater, which can cause problems such as increased susceptibility to damage to filtration membranes (for example, microfiltration (MF) membranes, ultrafiltration (UF) membranes, nanofiltration (NF) membranes, or reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, which will be described later). To prevent this problem, it is becoming common to use strong, chlorine-resistant materials (for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)) as the material for filtration membranes. NF membranes and RO membranes are mainly made of cross-linked aromatic polyamides, which are known to be susceptible to damage such as oxidative decomposition by dichloramine.

[0034] Even with this PVDF membrane, if the membrane surface or pores become clogged, the amount of filtered water will decrease. To ensure a sufficient amount of filtered water, the wastewater needs to be supplied to the filtration membrane at a higher pressure. This means that the pump supplying the wastewater to the filtration membrane needs to operate at a higher pressure, which increases the pump's energy consumption.

[0035] As such, the use of PVDF may not necessarily contribute to cost reduction in water treatment systems, and more appropriate solutions are needed.

[0036] Here, filtration membranes (e.g., MF membranes or UF membranes) are periodically cleaned to eliminate clogging. Examples of cleaning methods for MF membranes or UF membranes include backwashing (cleaning using filtered water), cleaning using chemicals (e.g., sulfuric acid, citric acid, sodium hypochlorite) (Maintenance Cleaning: MC), and chemical cleaning (Recovery Cleaning: RC) in which the membrane is immersed in high-concentration chemicals for a long period of time.

[0037] In membrane filtration, the operation sequence consisting of filtration using a filtration membrane (for example, an MF membrane or an UF membrane), the above-mentioned cleaning, and other processes is set (initialized) during the design stage. Normally, this initial setting (set by initial conditions) is rarely changed or optimized by the user.

[0038] NF or RO membranes, which are installed downstream of MF or UF membranes, are easily damaged by higher concentrations of chloramines and dichloramines, so it is necessary to control the chloramine concentration within an appropriate concentration range that will not damage the NF or RO membranes.

[0039] Therefore, in this embodiment, a control device that controls water treatment acquires water quality information (including information about viruses) about the water quality of the water supplied to the membrane filtration device (corresponding to the above-mentioned wastewater) at the inlet of the membrane filtration device. The control device determines the amount of sodium hypochlorite to be injected into the membrane filtration device according to the water quality information.

[0040] This allows the control device to suppress the chloramines generated by injecting sodium hypochlorite to a predetermined concentration (for example, Zone 1 where monochloramines are formed), thereby suppressing the generation of NDMA.

[0041] Furthermore, since the control device determines the amount of sodium hypochlorite to be injected depending on the water quality, excessive sodium hypochlorite is not injected into the membrane filtration device, which allows the control device to more appropriately control the amount of sodium hypochlorite used and further reduce costs.

[0042] In particular, in this embodiment, the amount of viruses can be measured. This makes it possible to evaluate the virus removal performance of the membrane filtration device. Furthermore, by referring to the virus removal performance of the membrane filtration device, the control device can more appropriately control the amount of sodium hypochlorite used.

[0043] [2. Configuration of the embodiment] The configuration of the water treatment system will be described with reference to Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a water treatment system according to an embodiment.

[0044] 2 includes a UF membrane filtration device 10, an RO membrane filtration device 20, a UV-promoted oxidation treatment device 30, an injection device 40, a control device 50, a measurement device 60, water quality sensors 70_1, 70_2, and 70_3. The water treatment system 1 treats wastewater such as sewage and rainwater and regenerates it into domestic water or drinking water.

[0045] Treated water that has been subjected to, for example, activated sludge treatment, nitrification-denitrification reaction treatment, etc. (i.e., treated water that has been subjected to primary treatment and secondary treatment) is supplied to the water treatment system 1. The water treatment system 1 subjects the supplied treated water to membrane treatment, etc. In other words, the water treatment system 1 performs water treatment mainly for the purpose of reusing the above-mentioned secondary treated water and tertiary treated water.

[0046] The treated water treated by the water treatment system 1 is disinfected with, for example, chlorine, and is used as domestic water or drinking water.

[0047] Activated sludge treatment, nitrification-denitrification reaction treatment, etc. are carried out in, for example, a sewage treatment facility. The water treatment system 1 performs membrane treatment, etc. on wastewater treated in, for example, a sewage treatment facility.

[0048] The UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 removes microorganisms and particulate matter from supply water using a filtration membrane. The filtration membrane of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 is, for example, an ultrafiltration membrane (UF membrane). Note that, for the sake of simplicity, the following description will be given assuming that the water treatment system 1 performs membrane filtration using an ultrafiltration membrane (UF membrane), but the water treatment system 1 may also perform membrane filtration using a filtration membrane other than a UF membrane. For example, the water treatment system 1 may perform membrane filtration using a microfiltration membrane (MF membrane) or the like. Note that, when the water treatment system 1 performs membrane filtration using an MF membrane, the UF membrane in the following description may be replaced with the MF membrane.

[0049] Treated water from the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 is supplied to the RO membrane filtration apparatus 20. The RO membrane filtration apparatus 20 removes impurities such as ions and salts from the supply water. The RO membrane filtration apparatus 20 is equipped with a reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane). Note that, for the sake of simplicity, the water treatment system 1 will be described below as performing membrane filtration using a reverse osmosis (RO membrane). However, the water treatment system 1 may also perform membrane filtration using a filtration membrane other than an RO membrane. For example, the water treatment system 1 may perform membrane filtration using an NF membrane. Note that, when the water treatment system 1 performs membrane filtration using an NF membrane, the RO membrane in the following description may be replaced with the NF membrane.

[0050] The treated water from the RO membrane filtration device 20 is supplied to the UV-promoted oxidation treatment device 30. The UV-promoted oxidation treatment device 30 performs a promotable oxidation treatment by irradiating the supply water with UV light, thereby removing NDMA and the like.

[0051] The feed water supplied to the UF membrane filtration device 10 is also referred to as membrane filtration feed water. The feed water supplied to the RO membrane filtration device 20 is also referred to as reverse osmosis membrane feed water. The feed water supplied to the UV advanced oxidation treatment device 30 is also referred to as UV feed water.

[0052] The water quality sensor 70_1 is disposed at the inlet of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10. The water quality sensor 70_1 measures the quality of membrane-filtered feed water.

[0053] The water quality sensor 70_1 measures at least one of the water temperature, pH value, ORP (Oxidation-Reduction Potential), ammonia nitrogen content, nitrogen compound content, turbidity, ultraviolet absorbance, electrical conductivity, and TOC (Total Organic Carbon) value of the membrane-filtered supply water, and outputs the measurement results to the control device 50 as water quality information.

[0054] The measuring device 60 measures the amount of viruses in the membrane-filtered feed water supplied to the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 and in the membrane-filtered permeate after membrane filtration by the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10. The measuring device 60 also evaluates the filtration performance of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 based on the measurement results. The measuring device 60 outputs the measurement results and evaluation results to the control device 50 as water quality information.

[0055] The injection device 40 injects a chemical solution into the inlet of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 in accordance with instructions from the control device 50. The injection device 40 injects, for example, sodium hypochlorite into the inlet of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10. The injection device 40 also injects, in addition to sodium hypochlorite, a chemical solution such as ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride into the inlet of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10.

[0056] The control device 50 controls each part of the water treatment system 1. The control device 50 according to this embodiment executes the control process shown in FIG.

[0057] As part of the control process, the control device 50 first acquires water quality information on the membrane-filtered feed water from the water quality sensor 70_1 and the measurement device 60.

[0058] The control device 50 determines the amount of sodium hypochlorite to be injected according to the water quality information. For example, the control device 50 determines the amount of sodium hypochlorite to be injected so as to remove as many microorganisms contained in the membrane-filtered feed water as possible while minimizing the formation of dichloramine. More specifically, the control device 50 determines the amount of injection so that the state of the membrane-filtered feed water to which sodium hypochlorite has been injected becomes the state of zone 1 described above.

[0059] The control device 50 instructs the injection device 40 to inject the determined injection amount into the inlet of the UF membrane filtration device 10.

[0060] As a result, the water treatment system 1 can achieve the removal of microorganisms and the suppression of NDMA generation while suppressing the injection amount of sodium hypochlorite, thereby further reducing treatment costs.

[0061] In addition, solid arrows in FIG. 2 (for example, arrows entering from the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 into the RO membrane filtration apparatus 20) indicate the flow of treated water that is the target of treatment such as filtration. Dotted arrows (for example, arrows entering the measurement apparatus 60 and each water quality sensor) indicate the flow of treated water acquired for measurement. Dotted arrows (for example, arrows entering the control apparatus 50) indicate the flow of signals and data. Dotted arrows (for example, arrows entering from the injection apparatus 40 into the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10) indicate the injection of chemical solutions.

[0062] Each device included in the water treatment system 1 in FIG. 2 will be described in detail.

[0063] (UF membrane filtration device 10) The UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 includes a UF membrane (not shown). The UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 performs membrane filtration on UF membrane feed water using a UF membrane to remove microorganisms and particulate matter. The UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 supplies the membrane-filtered permeate (UF membrane permeate) after membrane filtration to the RO membrane filtration apparatus 20.

[0064] 3 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a UF membrane filtration apparatus according to an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, a UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 includes, for example, a pump 11, a pressure gauge 12, and a cleaning unit 13.

[0065] The pump 11 is a feeder pump that supplies UF membrane feed water to the UF membrane.

[0066] The pressure gauge 12 measures the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10. For example, the pressure gauge 12 measures the pressure of the UF membrane feed water to the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10. The pressure gauge 12 measures the pressure of the UF membrane permeate that has passed through the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10. The pressure gauge 12 outputs the measured pressures to the control device 50.

[0067] 3 cleans the UF membrane in accordance with instructions from the control device 50. The cleaning unit 13 performs, for example, backwashing, MC, RC, and the like.

[0068] (RO membrane filtration equipment 20) 4 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of an RO membrane filtration apparatus according to an embodiment. The RO membrane filtration apparatus 20 shown in FIG. 4 includes an RO membrane (not shown). The RO membrane filtration apparatus 20 performs desalination (removal of ionic substances) on RO membrane feed water using the RO membrane.

[0069] The RO membrane filtration device 20 includes, for example, a pump 21, a pressure gauge 22, and a cleaning unit 23.

[0070] The pump 21 is a feeder pump that supplies RO feed water to the RO membrane, and the pump 21 may include a plurality of feeder pumps.

[0071] The pressure gauge 22 measures the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the RO membrane filtration device 20. For example, the pressure gauge 22 measures the pressure of the RO membrane feed water to the RO membrane filtration device 20. The pressure gauge 22 measures the pressure of the RO membrane permeate water that has passed through the RO membrane filtration device 20. The pressure gauge 22 outputs each of the measured pressures to the control device 50.

[0072] 4 cleans the RO membrane in accordance with instructions from the control device 50. The cleaning unit 23 performs, for example, MC, RC, and the like.

[0073] Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration example of an RO membrane filtration apparatus according to an embodiment. The RO membrane filtration apparatus 20 shown in Fig. 5 includes first to third RO membrane units 24_1 to 24_3.

[0074] The first RO membrane unit 24_1 includes an RO membrane (not shown). RO membrane feed water is supplied to the first RO membrane unit 24_1 using, for example, a feeder pump 21_1 (an example of the pump 21). The first RO membrane unit 24_1 separates the RO membrane feed water into RO membrane permeate (RO membrane filtered water) and RO membrane concentrate using the RO membrane. The first RO membrane unit 24_1 supplies the RO membrane concentrate to the second RO membrane unit 24_2.

[0075] The second RO membrane unit 24_2 includes an RO membrane (not shown). The second RO membrane unit 24_2 receives RO membrane concentrated water from the first RO membrane unit 24_1. The second RO membrane unit 24_2 separates the RO membrane concentrated water into RO membrane permeate and RO membrane concentrated water using the RO membrane. The second RO membrane unit 24_2 supplies the RO membrane concentrated water to the third RO membrane unit 24_3.

[0076] The third RO membrane unit 24_3 includes an RO membrane (not shown). RO membrane concentrated water is supplied to the third RO membrane unit 24_3 from the second RO membrane unit 24_2 using, for example, a feeder pump 21_2 (an example of the pump 21). The third RO membrane unit 24_3 separates the RO membrane concentrated water into RO membrane permeate and concentrated wastewater using the RO membrane. The third RO membrane unit 24_3 discharges the concentrated wastewater to the outside of the water treatment system 1.

[0077] The RO membrane filtration device 20 supplies the RO membrane permeate water to the UV-promoted oxidation treatment device 30 .

[0078] (UV accelerated oxidation treatment device 30) 5 performs UV-AOP (Advanced Oxidation Process: advanced oxidation treatment using ultraviolet rays) on the UV supply water, thereby oxidizing and decomposing trace chemical substances (e.g., NDMA) contained in the UV supply water.

[0079] (Water quality sensor 70 (water quality sensors 70_1 to 70_3)) The water quality sensor 70 measures the quality of water such as supply water or filtered water (permeated water) of each part of the water treatment system 1. In the example of Fig. 2, the water treatment system 1 includes water quality sensors 70_1 to 70_3.

[0080] The water quality sensor 70_1 measures the water quality at the inlet of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10. The water quality sensor 70_1 measures the water quality of the UF membrane supply water. The water quality sensor 70_1 measures, for example, at least one of the water temperature, pH, ORP, ammonia nitrogen or other nitrogen compounds, turbidity, ultraviolet absorbance, electrical conductivity, and TOC of the UF membrane supply water. The water quality sensor 70_1 may be equipped with multiple sensors (for example, a thermometer, a pH meter, a turbidity meter, a conductivity meter, etc.) that measure these.

[0081] The water quality sensor 70_2 measures the water quality at the inlet of the RO membrane filtration apparatus 20 (or the outlet of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10). The water quality sensor 70_2 measures the water quality of the RO membrane supply water (or the UF membrane permeate water). The water quality sensor 70_2 measures at least one of the water temperature, pH, ORP, TOC, and microbial data (at least one of viruses, bacteria, and ATP (adenosine triphosphate)) of the RO membrane supply water. The water quality sensor 70_2 may be equipped with multiple sensors (e.g., a thermometer, a pH meter, etc.) that measure these.

[0082] The water quality sensor 70_3 measures the water quality of the RO membrane concentrated water (or concentrated wastewater) of the RO membrane filtration device 20. The water quality sensor 70_3 measures at least one of the water temperature, pH, ORP, TOC, and microbial data (at least one of viruses, bacteria, and ATP (adenosine triphosphate)) of the RO membrane concentrated water. The water quality sensor 70_3 may be provided with a plurality of sensors (for example, a thermometer, a pH meter, etc.) that measure these items.

[0083] The water quality sensor 70 included in the water treatment system 1 is not limited to the example in Fig. 2. For example, the water treatment system 1 may have a water quality sensor 70 not shown in Fig. 2, such as a water quality sensor 70 that measures the water quality of UV supply water.

[0084] (Injection device 40) The injection device 40 injects various chemical solutions into the inlet of the UF membrane filtration device 10. The injection device 40 injects the chemical solutions in accordance with instructions from the control device 50. For example, the injection device 40 injects sodium hypochlorite into the membrane filtration feed water. The injection device 40 also injects ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride into the membrane filtration feed water.

[0085] The injection device 40 included in the water treatment system 1 is not limited to the example in Fig. 2. For example, the water treatment system 1 may have an injection device 40 not shown in Fig. 2, such as an injection device 40 that injects a chemical solution into the UV supply water.

[0086] In this way, the injection device 40 injects ammonium sulfate (or ammonium chloride) and sodium hypochlorite to form chloramines at the inlet of the UF membrane filtration device 10 (in other words, the UF membrane).

[0087] Here, chloramine is chlorine (sodium hypochlorite is hypochlorous acid HOCl or hypochlorite ion OCl in water (membrane filtered feed water) - It is the combined chlorine formed by reacting chlorine (which exists as chlorine) with ammonia.

[0088] Generally, the type of combined chlorine present in water varies depending on the above-mentioned reaction formulas (1) to (4) and chemical equilibrium.

[0089] As shown in reaction equations (1) to (4), ammonia (NH3) is converted into three main combined chlorine species (monochloramine (NH2Cl), dichloramine (NHCl2), and trichloramine (NCl3)) depending on the water quality conditions.

[0090] The oxidizing power and biological disinfecting effect of chloramines increase in the order of monochloramine, dichloramine, and trichloramine. In other words, the oxidizing power and biological disinfecting effect of dichloramine are greater than that of monochloramine, and trichloramine are greater than that of dichloramine. In addition, hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ions have the highest disinfecting effect.

[0091] When the amount of chlorine (sodium hypochlorite) injected into membrane-filtered feed water increases and the chlorine to ammonia ratio rises, ammonia changes to monochloramine, then dichloramine and trichloramine, and disappears from the water as nitrogen gas, becoming free hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite ions.

[0092] In this embodiment, the ratio of chlorine concentration to ammonia concentration (Cl2:NH3) in the membrane-filtered feed water is set to about 1:2.5 to 1:3. That is, the control device 50 sets the NH3 / Cl2 in the membrane-filtered feed water to 2.5 to 3, and sets the injection amounts of ammonium sulfate (or ammonium chloride) and sodium hypochlorite for the purpose of generating monochloramine.

[0093] Dichloramine, trichloramine, and free chlorine have stronger oxidizing power than monochloramine, and as reported in reference [1], they are known to cause degradation of RO membranes made of aromatic polyamide-based materials.

[0094] Furthermore, as reported in Reference [2], the conversion to NDMA has been shown to be promoted by reaction with nitrogen compounds (N2, NH3, NO2, NO3, N2O, etc.) in the presence of dichloramine.

[0095] If the generation of NDMA is accelerated, the UV-assisted oxidation treatment device 30 needs to increase the UV lamp irradiation energy in the UV-AOP to accelerate the decomposition of NDMA, which increases the treatment cost.

[0096] On the other hand, the wastewater to be treated by the water treatment system 1 contains high concentrations of nitrogen compounds. Furthermore, the components of nitrogen compounds and the nitrogen concentration in the wastewater fluctuate.

[0097] In conventional water treatment systems, the analysis and management of nitrogen components are not performed in real time, and the results are not reflected in the wastewater treatment. In practice, conventional water treatment systems inject excess sodium hypochlorite into the wastewater (membrane filtration feed water). As such, conventional water treatment systems tend to aim for chloramine formation with a margin for variation in wastewater quality.

[0098] This is because if the wastewater quality changes to one with excessive nitrogen or significant chlorine consumption, and the amount of chlorine injected is insufficient, chlorine may be consumed by nitrogen, preventing the generation of chloramines that suppress biological activity. Thus, if the amount of chlorine injected is too low for the wastewater quality, it may be difficult to achieve the desired biological disinfection effect, and clogging of downstream filtration membranes (e.g., UF membranes) may progress, making it difficult to continue operating the UF membrane filtration device 10.

[0099] Therefore, conventional water treatment devices have injected an excess amount of sodium hypochlorite to more reliably form chloramines regardless of fluctuations in the quality of the wastewater.

[0100] As such, conventional water treatment systems are chlorine-dependent and rely on excess chlorine, which can lead to increased treatment costs for the following three reasons: 1) Increased costs of chemicals required to generate chloramines 2) Increased power consumption due to UV-AOP for oxidative decomposition of NDMA and other substances produced by reaction with dichloramine and other substances 3) Deterioration of the RO membrane due to decomposition of the aromatic polyamide in the RO membrane (i.e., increased costs for replacing the RO membrane)

[0101] The water treatment system 1 of this embodiment aims to break away from chloramine-dependent membrane filtration operation caused by excessive injection of chlorine agent (sodium hypochlorite) by appropriately controlling the amount of sodium hypochlorite injected depending on the water quality of the wastewater (membrane filtration supply water).

[0102] (References) [1] The Impact of monochloramines and dichloramines on reverse osmosis membranes inwater waste potable reuse process trains: Pilot-scale study (Environ. Sci. Water Res. Technol., 2020, 6, pp1336-1346) [2] Updated Rection Pathway for Dichloramine Decomposition: Formation of Reactive Nitrogen Species and N-Nitrosodimethylmine (Environ. Sci. Technol., 2021, 55, pp1740-1749)

[0103] As described above, the control device 50 of this embodiment converts the water treatment system 1 from a chloramine-dependent system to a low-chloramine-dependent system by maintaining the monochloramine concentration generated in the wastewater (membrane-filtered supply water) within a predetermined concentration range.

[0104] More specifically, the control device 50 acquires the water quality of the membrane-filtered feed water and determines the amount of sodium hypochlorite to be injected according to the water quality so that the concentration of generated monochloramine falls within a predetermined concentration range (for example, the above-mentioned zone 1). Similarly, the control device 50 determines the amount of ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride to be injected.

[0105] For example, the control device 50 predicts nitrogen compounds in the membrane-filtered feed water from the water quality of the membrane-filtered feed water and determines the injection rate of chemicals (sodium hypochlorite and ammonium sulfate (or ammonium chloride)) to form a predetermined concentration of monochloramine. The prediction of nitrogen compounds may be performed using simulation or machine learning (AI model).

[0106] As a result, the water treatment system 1 can prevent excessive injection of sodium hypochlorite and ammonium sulfate (or ammonium chloride), appropriately control the injection amounts of these chemicals, and reduce the injection amounts of the chemicals.

[0107] Furthermore, by maintaining the monochloramine concentration within a predetermined concentration range, the water treatment system 1 can maintain a low dichloramine concentration. This allows the water treatment system 1 to suppress the generation of NDMA and other contaminants, and to prevent an increase in power consumption due to UV-AOP. Furthermore, the water treatment system 1 can suppress deterioration of the RO membrane due to decomposition of the aromatic polyamide in the RO membrane, thereby reducing the cost of replacing the RO membrane.

[0108] Depending on the monochloramine concentration in the membrane-filtered feed water, residual microorganisms may be more likely to clog the UF membrane.

[0109] Therefore, the control device 50 according to this embodiment predicts the clogging state (permeability) of the UF membrane of the UF membrane filtration device 10. The control device 50, for example, changes the cleaning frequency and cleaning method (concentration of chemicals used, etc.) of the UF membrane filtration device 10 according to the prediction result. The control device 50, for example, changes the amount of chemicals (sodium hypochlorite and ammonium sulfate (ammonium chloride)) to be injected into the membrane filtration feed water according to the prediction result.

[0110] (Control device 50) An example of the configuration of the control device 50 that executes these operations will be described below.

[0111] 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the control device 50 according to this embodiment. The control device 50 shown in FIG.

[0112] The communication unit 51 performs data communication with other devices. For example, the communication unit 51 communicates with each device in the water treatment system 1.

[0113] The storage unit 52 stores various types of information that the control unit 53 refers to when it operates and various types of information that the control unit 53 acquires when it operates. The storage unit 52 can be realized by, for example, a semiconductor memory element such as a random access memory (RAM) or a flash memory, or a storage device such as a hard disk or an optical disk. Note that, in the example of Fig. 6, the storage unit 52 is installed inside the control device 50, but it may be installed outside the control device 50, or multiple storage units may be installed.

[0114] The control unit 53 controls the entire control device 50 and the water treatment system 1. The control unit 53 includes an acquisition unit 531 and a determination unit 532. Here, the control unit 53 can be realized by, for example, an electronic circuit such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or an MPU (Micro Processing Unit), or an integrated circuit such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).

[0115] The acquiring unit 531 acquires various information from the water treatment system 1. For example, the acquiring unit 531 acquires pressure information related to each pressure measured by the pressure gauge 22. For example, the acquiring unit 531 acquires UF membrane pressure information related to the pressure of UF membrane feed water. For example, the acquiring unit 531 acquires RO membrane pressure information related to the pressure of RO membrane feed water.

[0116] The acquiring unit 531 acquires water quality information related to water quality from, for example, the measuring device 60 and the water quality sensors 70_1 to 70_3. The acquiring unit 531 acquires UF membrane water quality information related to the water quality of UF membrane supply water from, for example, the water quality sensor 70_1. The acquiring unit 531 acquires RO membrane water quality information related to the water quality of RO membrane supply water from, for example, the water quality sensor 70_2. The acquiring unit 531 acquires concentrated water quality information related to the water quality of RO membrane concentrated water from, for example, the water quality sensor 70_3. The acquiring unit 531 acquires virus measurement results or evaluation results of the performance of the UF membrane filtration device from the measuring device 60.

[0117] The acquiring unit 531 outputs the acquired information to the deciding unit 532 .

[0118] The determination unit 532 determines the injection amount of chemicals (sodium hypochlorite and ammonium sulfate (or ammonium chloride)) based on the information acquired by the acquisition unit 531. For example, the determination unit 532 determines the injection amount of chemicals using a machine learning model that outputs the injection amount based on input water quality information, etc.

[0119] The determination unit 532 determines a cleaning method for at least one of the UF membrane of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 and the RO membrane of the RO membrane filtration apparatus 20 based on at least one of the RO membrane water quality information and the concentrated water quality information. Alternatively, the determination unit 532 may determine a cleaning method for at least one of the UF membrane and the RO membrane based on pressure information. For example, the determination unit 532 determines the cleaning method using a machine learning model that outputs a cleaning method based on input water quality information, etc.

[0120] The determination unit 532 determines at least one of the frequency (timing) of performing MC and RC and the concentration of chemicals used for cleaning as the cleaning method for the UF membrane and the RO membrane.

[0121] (Measuring device 60) The configuration of the measurement device 60 will be described with reference to Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the measurement device according to the embodiment.

[0122] 7, the measurement device 60 includes a virus concentrator 61, a virus crusher 62, a PCR device 63, and an evaluation device 64. First, water to be measured is poured into the virus concentrator 61. For example, membrane-filtered feed water to be supplied to the UF membrane filtration device 10, or membrane-filtered permeate after membrane filtration by the UF membrane filtration device 10, is poured into the virus concentrator 61.

[0123] The virus concentrator 61 concentrates the viruses in the water that is poured in. For example, the virus concentrator 61 may be a concentrating pipette device manufactured by InnovaPrep® (Reference [3]).

[0124] (References) [3]CONCENTRATING PIPETTE SELECT, INNOVAPREP(URL:https: / / www.innovaprep.com / products / concentrating-pipette)

[0125] The virus crushing device 62 crushes viruses and elute nucleic acids from the water in which viruses have been concentrated by the virus concentrating device 61. For example, the virus crushing device 62 elute nucleic acids by the method described in reference [4], i.e., the HTP (High Temperature Pressure) method.

[0126] It is expected that the virus will be dissolved by treating water containing the virus under high temperature and pressure in HTP, and that the nucleic acid stored in the virus will also be released into the water at the same time, thereby achieving the release of viral nucleic acid from the virus.

[0127] (References) [4] JP 2012-157265 A

[0128] Reference [4] describes the use of HTP to elute nucleic acids from mold and bacteria. In this embodiment, the virus disruption device 62 performs HTP using a protocol (parameter settings) suitable for eluting nucleic acids from viruses, and nucleic acids are eluted from viruses.

[0129] That is, the virus crushing device 62 introduces the water to be measured into a container, seals the container, and heats the water in the container to a specified temperature of 100°C or higher within a specified time while the container is sealed.

[0130] Here, the specified maximum temperature and the specified time are set as HTP parameters. For example, the specified temperature is in the range of 120°C to 160°C, and the specified time is in the range of 5 seconds to 30 seconds. In particular, the specified temperature may be 140°C, and the specified time may be 15 seconds.

[0131] The specified maximum temperature and the specified time may be determined based on the results of measuring PMMoV (Pepper Mild Mottle Virus) when the heating temperature or heating time of the HTP is changed. Examples of the measurement results are shown in Figures 8 and 9. For example, the specified maximum temperature and the specified time may be set to a heating temperature and heating time that maximize the amount of PMMoV detected.

[0132] Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the heating temperature of the HTP and PMMoV. As shown in Fig. 8, the amount of PMMoV detected becomes sufficiently large when the heating temperature is in the range of 120°C to 160°C. Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the heating time of the HTP and PMMoV. As shown in Fig. 9, the amount of PMMoV detected becomes sufficiently large when the heating time is in the range of 5 to 30 seconds (especially around 15 seconds).

[0133] The PCR device 63 performs one-step RT-qPCR on the nucleic acids eluted by the virus disruption device 62 to measure the amount of virus.

[0134] Two-step RT-qPCR involves two steps: cDNA synthesis (reverse transcription) and quantification by qPCR. Therefore, two-step RT-qPCR has the advantage that cDNA can be stored for a long time and is effective for screening. On the other hand, two-step RT-qPCR has the disadvantage that it takes a long time.

[0135] In contrast, one-step RT-qPCR has the advantage of requiring less time than two-step RT-qPCR.

[0136] In this embodiment, nucleic acids have already been eluted by the virus disruption device 62, eliminating the need for time-consuming operations such as column work used in RNA elution kits in two-step RT-qPCR. As a result, viruses can be measured in the water treatment system 1 in a short time.

[0137] For example, one-step RT-qPCR can be achieved by treating virus-containing water with HTP using a tube specifically designed for HTP. First, the PCR device 63 holds a tube containing a reaction solution (primers, probes, and RT-qPCR enzymes) in liquid or lyophilized form, which includes the transcriptase required for reverse transcription and the polymerase required for qPCR.

[0138] The PCR device 63 dispenses the sample (water containing eluted nucleic acids, i.e., water containing nucleic acids derived from viruses) received from the virus crushing device 62 into the liquid or freeze-dried reaction liquid in the tube, mixes the liquid uniformly, and then performs qPCR using the real-time PCR device.

[0139] The PCR device 63 can also hold multiple tubes containing reaction solutions, and add multiple virus concentrates, each with a virus concentration adjusted to match a PMMoV standard, to each tube for absolute quantification. The PMMoV standards in each tube are, for example, the following nine types: 1.0×10 8 gene copies / μl 1.0×10 7 gene copies / μl 1.0×10 6 gene copies / μl 1.0×10 5 gene copies / μl 1.0×10 4 gene copies / μl 1.0×10 3 gene copies / μl 1.0×10 2gene copies / μl 1.0×10 1 gene copies / μl 1.0×10 0 gene copies / μl

[0140] The evaluation device 64 evaluates the virus removal ability of the UF membrane filtration device 10 based on the measurement results from the PCR device 63.

[0141] 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the evaluation device 64 according to this embodiment. The evaluation device 64 shown in FIG.

[0142] The communication unit 641 performs data communication with other devices. For example, the communication unit 641 communicates with the PCR device 63 and the control device 50.

[0143] The storage unit 642 stores various types of information that the control unit 643 refers to when it operates and various types of information that the control unit 643 acquires when it operates. The storage unit 642 can be realized by, for example, a semiconductor memory element such as a RAM or a flash memory, or a storage device such as a hard disk or an optical disk. Note that, in the example of Fig. 7, the storage unit 642 is installed inside the evaluation device 64, but it may be installed outside the evaluation device 64, or multiple storage units may be installed.

[0144] The control unit 643 controls the entire evaluation device 64. The control unit 643 includes an acquisition unit 6431 and an evaluation unit 6432. Here, the control unit 643 can be realized by, for example, an electronic circuit such as a CPU or an MPU, or an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or an FPGA.

[0145] The acquisition unit 6431 acquires the measurement results from the PCR device 63 .

[0146] The evaluation unit 6432 evaluates the virus removal ability of the UF membrane filtration device 10 based on the measurement results acquired by the acquisition unit 6431.

[0147] For example, the acquisition unit 6431 acquires a first amount, which is the amount of viruses in the membrane filtration supply water supplied to the UF membrane filtration device 10 measured by the PCR device 63, and a second amount of viruses, which is the amount of viruses in the membrane filtration permeate after membrane filtration by the UF membrane filtration device 10 measured by the PCR device 63.

[0148] The evaluation unit 6432 evaluates the performance of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 higher as the degree of discrepancy between the first amount and the second amount increases (where the first amount is greater than the second amount). For example, the evaluation unit 6432 calculates the value obtained by subtracting the second amount from the first amount as an index indicating the performance of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10. Furthermore, for example, the evaluation unit 6432 calculates the value obtained by dividing the first amount by the second amount as an index indicating the performance of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10.

[0149] The measuring device 60 has a housing. The housing contains a virus concentration device 61, a virus disruption device 62, a PCR device 63, and an evaluation device 64. In other words, the measuring device 60 is a package of each device. This makes the measuring device 60 portable. However, the measuring device 60 can be assembled. In other words, each device can be attached to and detached from the housing.

[0150] The packaged measuring device 60 can be attached to and detached from the water treatment system 1. The measuring device 60 only needs to have an interface for connecting to the control device 50 so as to be able to communicate data with it, and an intake port for taking in water.

[0151] For example, in the event of a disaster, there is a risk of the sanitary environment deteriorating, and in order to prevent this, it is necessary to quantitatively evaluate the level of viruses present in water in disaster-stricken areas. The measuring device 60 of this embodiment is packaged in a state where each device can be attached and detached, which improves portability and enables evaluation of water in disaster-stricken areas.

[0152] [3. Processing flow of the embodiment] 11 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing performed by the measurement device according to the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 11, the measurement device 60 performs processing to concentrate specific viruses in injected water (step S101).

[0153] The measurement device 60 uses an HTP to disrupt viruses in the water in which the viruses are concentrated (step S102), thereby eluting the nucleic acids of the viruses.

[0154] The measuring device 60 reverse transcribes (synthesizes cDNA) the RNA viruses contained in the water from which the viral nucleic acids have been eluted, using reverse transcriptase (step S103).

[0155] The measurement device 60 performs quantitative evaluation of the cDNA by PCR (step S104). The measurement device 60 outputs the evaluation results (step S104). The measurement device 60 can output the evaluation results to the control device 50.

[0156] 11 is intermittently and repeatedly performed while the water treatment system 1 is operating. The measuring device 60 intermittently evaluates the membrane-filtered feed water supplied to the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 and the membrane-filtered permeate after membrane filtration by the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10, thereby enabling the performance of the UF membrane filtration apparatus 10 to be calculated in real time.

[0157] 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of a process for determining the amount of chemical to be injected according to the embodiment. The process of FIG. 12 is repeatedly executed by the control device 50, for example, while the water treatment system 1 is performing water treatment.

[0158] 12, the control device 50 acquires the evaluation result of the measurement device 60 (step S201). The control device 50 also acquires UF membrane water quality information related to the water quality of the UF membrane feed water from the water quality sensor 70_1 (step S202). The control device 50 also acquires pressure information from the pressure gauge 12 of the UF membrane filtration device 10 and the pressure gauge 22 of the RO membrane filtration device 20 (step S203).

[0159] The control device 50 determines the amount of chemical to be injected into the UF membrane feed water based on the acquired information, for example, using a machine learning model (step S204). The control device 50 notifies the injection device 40 of the determined injection amount (step S205).

[0160] 13 is a flowchart showing an example of a process flow for determining a cleaning method according to an embodiment. The process of Fig. 13 is repeatedly performed by the control device 50 while the water treatment system 1 is performing water treatment, for example.

[0161] As shown in FIG. 13, the control device 50 acquires RO membrane water quality information on the water quality of RO membrane feed water and concentrated water quality information on the water quality of RO membrane concentrated water from the water quality sensors 70_2 and 70_3 (step S301).

[0162] The control device 50 determines a cleaning method (for example, cleaning timing and chemical concentration used for cleaning) based on the RO membrane water quality information and concentrated water quality information using, for example, a machine learning model (step S302).

[0163] The control device 50 notifies the determined cleaning method to the cleaning unit 13 of the UF membrane filtering apparatus 10 and the cleaning unit 23 of the RO membrane filtering apparatus 20 (step S303). The cleaning unit 13 and the cleaning unit 23 perform cleaning of the UF membrane and the RO membrane according to the determined cleaning method.

[0164] [4. System] The information including the processing procedures, control procedures, specific names, various data and parameters shown in the above documents and drawings can be changed arbitrarily unless otherwise specified.

[0165] Furthermore, the components of each device shown in the figure are conceptual functional components and do not necessarily have to be physically configured as shown. In other words, the specific form of distribution and integration of each device is not limited to that shown. In other words, all or part of them can be functionally or physically distributed and integrated in any unit depending on various loads, usage conditions, etc.

[0166] Furthermore, all or any part of the processing functions performed by each device may be realized by a CPU and a program analyzed and executed by the CPU, or may be realized as hardware using wired logic.

[0167] [5. Hardware] Next, a description will be given of an example of the hardware configuration of the control device 50, which is an information providing device, and the evaluation device 64. Fig. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of the control device 50 and the evaluation device 64. The control device 50 and the evaluation device 64 can be realized by a computer 1000 shown in Fig. 14.

[0168] 14, the computer 1000 includes a communication device 1000a, a hard disk drive (HDD) 1000b, a memory 1000c, and a processor 1000d. The components shown in FIG. 14 are interconnected via a bus or the like.

[0169] The communication device 1000a is a network interface card or the like, and communicates with other servers. The HDD 1000b stores the programs and DBs that operate the functions described above.

[0170] The processor 1000d reads out a program that executes the same processing as each processing unit from the HDD 1000b, etc., and loads it into the memory 1000c, thereby operating a process that executes each function described with reference to FIGS. 6, 10, etc. For example, this process executes the same functions as each processing unit of the control unit 53 and the control unit 643. Specifically, the processor 1000d reads out a program having the same function as each processing unit from the HDD 1000b, etc. Then, the processor 1000d executes a process that executes the same processing as each processing unit.

[0171] In this way, the computer 1000 operates as a device that executes various processing methods by reading and executing the program. The computer 1000 can also realize functions similar to those of the above-described embodiments by reading the program from a recording medium using a medium reading device and executing the read program. Note that the program in these other embodiments is not limited to being executed by the computer 1000. For example, the present invention can be similarly applied to cases where another computer or server executes the program, or where these execute the program in cooperation with each other.

[0172] This program can be distributed via a network such as the Internet. In addition, this program can be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium such as a hard disk, a flexible disk (FD), a CD-ROM, a magneto-optical disk (MO), or a digital versatile disk (DVD), and can be executed by being read from the recording medium by a computer.

[0173] [6. Other] Some examples of combinations of the disclosed technical features are set out below. (1) a virus disruption device that heats the water to be measured to a specified temperature in less than a specified time to elute the nucleic acids of viruses contained in the water; a PCR device for measuring the amount of the virus contained in the water by performing one-step RT-qPCR on the water from which the nucleic acids have been eluted by the virus disruption device; and A measuring device comprising: (2) The PCR device holds a tube containing a reaction solution for reverse transcription and qPCR, and adds the reaction solution in the tube to the water into which the nucleic acid has been eluted by the virus disruption device. (3) The virus disruption device is characterized in that it heats the water to the specified temperature, which is in the range of 120°C to 160°C, for less than the specified time, which is in the range of 5 seconds to 30 seconds, thereby eluting the nucleic acids of the viruses contained in the water. (4) The measuring device according to (3), wherein the PCR device holds the tube containing the reaction solution in a freeze-dried state. (5) a virus concentrator for concentrating viruses in water obtained from the water treatment system; The measuring device described in any one of (1) to (4) is characterized in that the virus crushing device performs a process of eluting the nucleic acid of the virus contained in the water in which the virus has been concentrated by the virus concentrating device. (6) The measuring device described in any one of (1) to (5) is characterized in that it further comprises an evaluation device that calculates an index for evaluating the performance of the membrane filtration device based on a first amount, which is the amount of virus in the membrane filtration supply water supplied to the membrane filtration device measured by the PCR device, and a second amount of virus, which is the amount of virus in the membrane filtration permeate after membrane filtration by the membrane filtration device measured by the PCR device. (7) The measuring device according to any one of (1) to (6), further comprising a housing for housing the virus disruption device and the PCR device. (8) The measuring device according to (7), wherein the virus crushing device and the PCR device are attachable to and detachable from the housing. (9) A measurement method performed by a measurement device, comprising: The water to be measured is heated to a specified temperature within a specified time to elute viral nucleic acids contained in the water; The amount of the virus contained in the water is measured by performing one-step RT-qPCR on the water into which the nucleic acid has been eluted. A measuring method characterized by: (10) The water to be measured is heated to a specified temperature within a specified time, and one-step RT-qPCR is performed on the water into which viral nucleic acids have been eluted. Based on the first amount, which is the amount of virus in membrane-filtered feed water supplied to a membrane filtration device, measured by a PCR device that measures the amount of virus contained in the water, and the second amount, which is the amount of virus in membrane-filtered permeate water after membrane filtration by the membrane filtration device, measured by the PCR device, an index for evaluating the performance of the membrane filtration device is calculated. A program that causes a computer to execute a process. [Explanation of symbols]

[0174] 1. Water treatment system 10 UF membrane filtration equipment 11, 21 Pump 21_1, 21_2 feeder pump 12, 22 Pressure gauge 13, 23 Cleaning unit 20 RO membrane filtration equipment 24_1 First RO membrane unit 24_2 Second RO membrane unit 24_3 Third RO membrane unit 30 UV accelerated oxidation treatment equipment 40 Injection device 50 Control device 51, 641 Communications Department 52, 642 Storage section 53, 643 Control section 60 Measuring Equipment 61 Virus Concentrator 62 Virus crushing device 63 PCR equipment 64 Evaluation equipment 531, 6431 Acquisition Department 532 Decision Section 6432 Evaluation Department

Claims

1. a virus disruption device that heats the water to be measured to a specified temperature in less than a specified time to elute the nucleic acids of viruses contained in the water; a PCR device that measures the amount of the virus contained in the water by performing one-step RT-qPCR on the water from which the nucleic acids have been eluted by the virus disruption device; and A measuring device comprising:

2. The measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the PCR device holds a tube containing a reaction solution for reverse transcription and qPCR, and the reaction solution in the tube is added to the water into which the nucleic acids have been eluted by the virus disruption device.

3. The measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the virus crushing device elutes viral nucleic acids contained in the water by heating the water to the specified temperature, which is in the range of 120°C to 160°C, for less than the specified time, which is in the range of 5 seconds to 30 seconds.

4. The measuring device according to claim 2 , wherein the PCR device holds the tube containing the reaction solution in a freeze-dried state.

5. a virus concentrator for concentrating viruses in water obtained from the water treatment system; 2. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the virus disruption device performs a process of eluting nucleic acids of the viruses contained in the water in which the viruses have been concentrated by the virus concentration device.

6. The measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising an evaluation device that calculates an index for evaluating the performance of the membrane filtration device based on a first amount, which is the amount of viruses in the membrane filtration supply water supplied to the membrane filtration device measured by the PCR device, and a second amount, which is the amount of viruses in the membrane filtration permeate after membrane filtration by the membrane filtration device measured by the PCR device.

7. 2. The measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising a housing for housing the virus disruption device and the PCR device.

8. 8. The measuring device according to claim 7, wherein the virus disruption device and the PCR device are attachable to and detachable from the housing.

9. A measurement method performed by a measurement device, comprising: The water to be measured is heated to a specified temperature within a specified time to elute viral nucleic acids contained in the water; The amount of the virus contained in the water is measured by performing one-step RT-qPCR on the water into which the nucleic acid has been eluted. A measuring method characterized by:

10. The water to be measured is heated to a specified temperature in less than a specified time, and one-step RT-qPCR is performed on the water into which viral nucleic acids have been eluted. Based on this, an index for evaluating the performance of the membrane filtration device is calculated. The index is a first amount, which is the amount of viruses in membrane filtration feed water supplied to the membrane filtration device, measured by a PCR device that measures the amount of viruses contained in the water, and a second amount, which is the amount of viruses in membrane filtration permeate water after membrane filtration by the membrane filtration device, measured by the PCR device. A program that causes a computer to execute a process.

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