High visibility flame proof fabrics and textile products

Abstract

To provide highly visible, flame proof fabrics and textile products that not only have excellent flame retardancy, but also excellent high visibility.SOLUTION: Fabrics containing meta-type fully aromatic polyamide fibers and modacrylic fibers are dyed using cationic dyes and carrier agents.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a highly visible flame-retardant fabric and textile product that has not only excellent flame retardancy but also excellent visibility. [Background technology]

[0002] Traditionally, flame-retardant fabrics made from wholly aromatic polyamide fibers (aramid fibers) have been used in clothing worn by firefighters, pilots, race drivers, and workers at power and chemical companies, as they are designed to come into contact with fire or high temperatures. Such flame-retardant fabrics are required to be not only flame-retardant but also highly visible, since workers need to be able to see them in the dark.

[0003] However, there is a problem in that it is difficult to achieve high visibility with meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers, which are representative of flame-retardant fibers. On the other hand, Patent Document 1 proposes a highly visible fabric using nylon fibers, but it is not satisfactory in terms of flame retardancy. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 2021-514032 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a highly visible flame-retardant fabric and textile product that have not only excellent flame retardancy but also excellent visibility. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] As a result of extensive research into achieving the above object, the present inventors have discovered that by using meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers and modacrylic fibers that can be dyed with the same dye and by optimizing the dyeing conditions, it is possible to obtain fabrics that are not only flame-retardant but also have excellent visibility, and have thus completed the present invention.

[0007] 1. A highly visible flame-retardant fabric comprising a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and a modacrylic fiber, and which is colored, and which satisfies at least one of the following requirements (1) to (3): (1) The x and y chromaticity coordinates of fluorescent yellow before and after irradiation with a xenon lamp as described in JIS T 8127 5.1.1 and 5.2:2020 are within the range of (0.387, 0.610), (0.356, 0.494), (0.398, 0.452), (0.460, 0.540) and the minimum luminance factor is 0.70 (yellow). (2) The x and y chromaticity coordinates of fluorescent orange before and after irradiation with a xenon lamp as described in JIS T 8127 5.1.1 and 5.2:2020 are within the range of (0.610, 0.390), (0.535, 0.375), (0.570, 0.340), and (0.655, 0.345), and the minimum luminance factor is 0.40 (orange). (3) The x and y chromaticity coordinates of fluorescent red before and after irradiation with a xenon lamp as described in JIS T 8127 5.1.1 and 5.2:2020 are within the range of (0.655, 0.345), (0.570, 0.340), (0.595, 0.315), and (0.690, 0.310), and the minimum luminance factor is 0.25 (red). 2. The high-visibility flame-retardant fabric according to item 1 above, wherein the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and the modacrylic fiber are colored with the same dye. 3. The high-visibility flame-retardant fabric according to 1 or 2 above, wherein the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and the modacrylic fiber are colored using a carrier agent. 4. Fabric weight is 100-300g / m 2 4. The high-visibility flame-retardant fabric according to any one of 1 to 3 above, wherein the range is: 5. The high-visibility flame-retardant fabric according to any one of 1 to 4 above, which has an afterflame time of 1.0 second or less in a flammability measurement specified in JIS L1091-1992 A-4 method (12-second flame exposure). 6. Any textile product selected from the group consisting of protective clothing, work clothing, fire-resistant clothing, camouflage clothing, happi coats, and aprons, which is made using the high-visibility flame-retardant fabric described in any one of 1 to 5 above. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, a highly visible flame-retardant fabric and textile product having not only excellent flame retardancy but also excellent visibility can be obtained. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. First, the high-visibility flame-retardant fabric of the present invention (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as "fabric") is a colored fabric containing meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and modacrylic fiber. The coloring is preferably by dyeing, and the addition of a resin as described in WO 2015 / 064079 is not preferred.

[0010] Here, the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and modacrylic fiber may be known ones. For example, a preferred example of a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber is manufactured by Teijin Limited under the trade name "Teijinconex," and a preferred example of a modacrylic fiber is manufactured by Kaneka Corporation under the trade name "Protex." Furthermore, the fabric may be composed solely of meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and modacrylic fiber, or may further contain other fibers.

[0011] In this case, in order to exhibit the excellent heat resistance and flame retardancy of the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber, the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber preferably accounts for 15% by mass or more (more preferably 20 to 50% by mass) of the fabric. If the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber accounts for less than 15% by mass of the fabric, flammability may not be ensured. Also, in order to exhibit the excellent color development of the modacrylic fiber, the modacrylic fiber preferably accounts for 50% by mass or more (more preferably 50 to 85% by mass) of the fabric. If the modacrylic fiber accounts for less than 50% by mass of the fabric, the color development (brightness) of the fabric may decrease. The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and the modacrylic fiber are preferably blended together, and other fibers may also be blended together.

[0012] The manufacturing method of the fabric of the present invention is exemplified below, but is not limited to these embodiments. For example, when the above fibers are blended to obtain a spun yarn, the spun yarn fineness (count) is preferably 20 to 80 cotton count (Ecc) in terms of yarn breakage resistance and strength. The number of single fibers is preferably 60 or more. The raw cotton single fiber fineness is preferably 3.0 dtex or less (more preferably 0.001 to 3.0 dtex). The twist coefficient (first twist coefficient) of the spun yarn is preferably in the range of 3.6 to 4.2 (more preferably 3.8 to 4.0). The higher the twist coefficient, the more easily the fuzz is converged and the fabric has better pilling resistance. However, the spun yarn becomes stiffer, the elongation decreases, and there is a risk of the fabric having a lower tear strength or hardening. The twist coefficient is expressed by the following formula. Twist coefficient = number of twists (twists / 2.54 cm) / cotton count of spun yarn (Ecc) 1 / 2 The spinning method for the spun yarn may be conventional spinning methods such as ring spinning, innovative spinning such as MTS, MJS, MVS, etc. The twist direction may be either Z direction or S direction.

[0013] Next, the spun yarn is optionally twist-set (vacuum steam set), and then, if necessary, two or more spun yarns (preferably 2 to 4, particularly preferably 2) are pulled together and doubled and twisted. Examples of twisting machines used for doubling and twisting include an up-twister, a covering machine, an Italian-style twisting machine, and a double twister.

[0014] In this case, the twist direction of the double twist (final twist) is the additional twist direction. For example, if the twist direction of the spun yarn is Z-twist, the twist is carried out in the same Z direction. The number of twists is preferably 2000 times / m or more, more preferably 2100 to 3000 times / m, and particularly preferably 2300 to 2800 times / m. If the number of twists is less than 2000 times / m, the spun yarn may not be in a coiled form after twist setting and untwisting.

[0015] Next, the plied and twisted yarn is subjected to twist setting (high-pressure vacuum steam setting similar to that used to set twists of conventional two-fold aramid yarns). If a strong twist setting is required, the number of twist setting operations may be increased, or the twist setting temperature and setting time may be changed. For example, the setting temperature may be 115 to 125°C, the setting time may be 20 to 40 minutes, and the number of times may be 1 to 3. A higher setting temperature and a longer setting time are preferable, as they provide better settability. Increasing the number of twist setting operations, extending the treatment time, or raising the temperature can further improve settability. A longer treatment time is preferable in consideration of production management (such as operational safety and quality control) and production and processing costs. A higher degree of vacuum is also preferable, as it improves quality.

[0016] Next, the twist-set plied yarn is untwisted (in a twist direction opposite to that of plying) and, if necessary, heat-set. In this case, the number of twists for untwisting is preferably in the range of 70 to 90% of the number of twists for plying. By untwisting with a twist number in this range, a coiled spun yarn with stretchability can be obtained. In order to obtain excellent stretchability in such a coiled spun yarn, the number of twists is preferably in the range of 200 to 860 turns / m.

[0017] The raw cotton used for spun yarn may be dyed (pre-dyed) raw cotton or raw-dyed raw cotton, but it is preferable that it is uncolored. Furthermore, raw cotton that has been subjected to functional treatment (such as sweat absorption, quick drying, stain resistance, flame retardancy, UV absorption) may also be used.

[0018] The fabric of the present invention is not particularly limited in terms of weave, and may be any of woven fabric, knitted fabric, and nonwoven fabric, but woven fabric is preferred in terms of flame retardancy, flame resistance, fabric strength, etc. In this case, preferred weaves include plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, and double weave.

[0019] The fabric of the present invention can be knitted or woven by a conventional method using the spun yarn. Preferably, single or double yarn is woven into a twill or plain weave using a rapier loom or the like. After knitting or weaving, it is preferable to subject the fabric to post-processing. Specific examples of post-processing steps include scouring, drying, relaxing, singeing, dyeing, and functionalization.

[0020] The dyeing process is preferably carried out in a dye bath containing a cationic dye, which can dye (color) the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and the modacrylic fiber.

[0021] In this case, the dye concentration used is preferably 7% owf or more (more preferably 8 to 12% owf). If the cationic dye concentration is less than 7% owf, the chromaticity coordinate range may not be satisfied. In this case, a method of dyeing at 115 to 135°C, followed by reduction treatment and drying can be preferably employed, but is not limited to this. In addition, it is preferable to use a carrier agent in the dyeing process, and it is preferable to perform a dyeing process in which the cationic dye and carrier agent are used in the same bath. In addition, by treating the fabric with a special surfactant before cationic dyeing, it is possible to achieve a deep dye by spread dyeing.

[0022] The carrier agent is preferably at least one selected from, for example, DL-β-ethylphenethyl alcohol, 2-ethoxybenzyl alcohol, 3-chlorobenzyl alcohol, 2,5-dimethylbenzyl alcohol, 2-nitrobenzyl alcohol, p-isopropylbenzyl alcohol, 2-methylphenethyl alcohol, 3-methylphenethyl alcohol, 4-methylphenethyl alcohol, 2-methoxybenzyl alcohol, 3-iodobenzyl alcohol, cinnamic alcohol, p-anisyl alcohol, and benzhydrol. Specific commercial examples include benzyl alcohol, Dowanol PPH (manufactured by Dow Chemical), and CINDYE DNK (manufactured by BOZZETTO). Furthermore, to further improve dyeability, benzyl alcohol, particularly 2,5-dimethylbenzyl alcohol or 2-nitrobenzyl alcohol, is preferred. The amount of the carrier agent is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight (more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight) relative to 100 parts by weight of the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers.

[0023] Scouring and relaxation processes can be spread-web processing or liquid jet scouring and relaxation processing. Specifically, this is a method of processing using a spread-web non-tension machine in continuous scouring and continuous drying. For example, this is a method using a Softser scouring machine, dry carpeting, shrink surfer, short loop, Luciole dryer, etc. In some cases, it is possible to omit the scouring and relaxation processes.

[0024] To improve other properties, the fabric may be sheared and / or singed. Furthermore, various other processes may be applied to impart functions such as sweat absorption, water repellency, heat storage, UV protection, antistatic properties, antibacterial properties, deodorizing properties, insect repellent, mosquito repellent, luminous properties, and retroreflective properties. The woven or knitted fabrics used may be dope-dyed, yarn-dyed, or piece-dyed.

[0025] The sweat absorbent is preferably polyethylene glycol diacrylate, a derivative of polyethylene glycol diacrylate, a polyethylene terephthalate-polyethylene glycol copolymer, or a water-soluble polyurethane. Examples of methods for adding a sweat absorbent to fabric include padding treatment and treatment in the same bath as the dyeing solution during dyeing.

[0026] It is important that the fabric thus obtained satisfies at least one of the following requirements (1) to (3): If all of the following requirements (1) to (3) are not satisfied, the safety of workers wearing the fabric may not be sufficiently ensured, which is undesirable. (1) The x and y chromaticity coordinates of fluorescent yellow before and after irradiation with a xenon lamp as described in JIS T 8127 5.1.1 and 5.2:2020 are within the range of (0.387, 0.610), (0.356, 0.494), (0.398, 0.452), (0.460, 0.540) and the minimum luminance factor is 0.70 (yellow). (2) The x and y chromaticity coordinates of fluorescent orange before and after irradiation with a xenon lamp as described in JIS T 8127 5.1.1 and 5.2:2020 are within the range of (0.610, 0.390), (0.535, 0.375), (0.570, 0.340), and (0.655, 0.345), and the minimum luminance factor is 0.40 (orange). (3) The x and y chromaticity coordinates of fluorescent red before and after irradiation with a xenon lamp as described in JIS T 8127 5.1.1 and 5.2:2020 are within the range of (0.655, 0.345), (0.570, 0.340), (0.595, 0.315), and (0.690, 0.310), and the minimum luminance factor is 0.25 (red).

[0027] The thus obtained fabric preferably has a thickness of 0.30 mm or more (more preferably 0.35 to 0.50 mm). If the thickness is less than 0.30 mm, sufficient fabric strength may not be obtained. Conversely, if the thickness is more than 0.50 mm, the fabric may be less lightweight and less comfortable to wear.

[0028] In addition, the fabric weight is 100 to 300 g / m 2 It is preferable that the weight of the fabric is within the range. If the weight of the fabric is smaller than this range, the color coordinates and brightness may not be satisfied. Conversely, if the weight of the fabric is larger than this range, the lightness and wearing comfort may decrease.

[0029] In addition, as for flame retardancy, it is preferable that the afterflame time is 1.0 second or less in the flammability measurement specified in JIS L1091-1992 A-4 method (12 seconds of flame contact). The fabric of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure and therefore has excellent flame retardancy and high visibility.

[0030] The present invention also provides a textile product selected from the group consisting of protective clothing, work clothing, fire-resistant clothing, camouflage clothing, happi coats, and aprons. Such textile products are made of the above-mentioned fabric and therefore have flame retardancy and high visibility. [Example]

[0031] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. The physical properties in the examples were measured by the following methods. (1) Weight The measurement was carried out according to the method specified in JIS L 1096 Method A. (2) Flammability Measurement was performed according to the method specified in JIS L 1091-1992 A-4 (12 seconds of flame contact). (3) Chromaticity coordinates (color value x, color value y) Measurements were taken before and after irradiation with a xenon lamp using the method specified in JIS T 8127 5.1.1 and 5.2:2020. (4) Brightness (β) Measurements were taken before and after irradiation with a xenon lamp using the method specified in JIS T 8127 5.1.1 and 5.2:2020.

[0032] [Example 1] Meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber (Teijin Limited, trademark name "Teijinconex", fiber length 51 mm, single fiber fineness 1.7 dtex) and modacrylic fiber (Kaneka Corporation, trademark name "Protex", fiber length 51 mm, single fiber fineness 2.2 dtex) staple fibers were blended in a mass ratio of meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide / modacrylic = 33 / 67 to form a 36 count / two-ply yarn, which was woven at a warp density of 58 / 25.4 mm and a weft density of 53 / 25.4 mm to obtain an undyed woven fabric (grey).

[0033] The resulting undyed fabric (grey) was then dyed in a dye bath containing a cationic dye (Kayacryl Brill Flavine 10G-ED 9.0% owf, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) and a carrier agent (Dowanol PPH, 2 g / L, manufactured by The Dow Chemical Company) using a liquid flow dyeing tester (an infrared heating dyeing tester manufactured by Texam Giken Co., Ltd.) at a temperature raised from room temperature to 98°C for 20 minutes.

[0034] The chromaticity coordinates, luminance, and flammability of the dyed fabric obtained were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1. The x and y chromaticity coordinates, both before and after irradiation with a xenon lamp as described in JIS T 8127 5.1.1 and 5.2:2020, were within the range of fluorescent yellow: (0.387, 0.610), (0.356, 0.494), (0.398, 0.452), (0.460, 0.540), and the luminance factor was 0.70 or more (yellow), satisfying requirement (1).

[0035] [Comparative Example 1] An undyed woven fabric (grey) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Next, a cloth was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the dye concentration was 3% owf. The chromaticity coordinates, luminance, and flammability of the obtained dyed fabric were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1. Before irradiation with the xenon lamp, the x, y chromaticity coordinates were within the range of fluorescent yellow: (0.387, 0.610), (0.356, 0.494), (0.398, 0.452), (0.460, 0.540), and the luminance factor was 0.70 or more (yellow), but after irradiation with the xenon lamp, they fell outside this range.

[0036] Comparative Example 2 The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber, para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Aramid, trademark name "Twaron", fiber length 50 mm, 1.7 dtex), and conductive acrylic fiber (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, trademark name "COREBRID", fiber length 38 mm, 3.3 dtex) were used to form a 40-count / two-ply yarn so as to have a composition of 93 mass% meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber, 5 mass% para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber, and 2 mass% conductive acrylic fiber, and the yarn was woven at a warp density of 57 threads / 25.4 mm and a weft density of 53 threads / 25.4 mm to obtain an undyed woven fabric (grey).

[0037] The resulting undyed fabric (grey) was then dyed using a liquid flow dyeing tester (an infrared heating dyeing tester manufactured by Texam Giken) in a dye bath containing a cationic dye (Kayacryl Brill Flavine 10G-ED 3.0% owf manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) and a carrier agent (Dowanol PPH, 2 g / L manufactured by The Dow Chemical Company) at a temperature raised from room temperature to 130°C for 60 minutes.

[0038] The chromaticity coordinates, luminance, and flammability of the dyed fabric obtained were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1. Before irradiation with the xenon lamp, the x and y chromaticity coordinates were within the range of fluorescent yellow: (0.387, 0.610), (0.356, 0.494), (0.398, 0.452), (0.460, 0.540), and the luminance factor was 0.70 or more (yellow), but after irradiation with the xenon lamp, they fell outside this range.

[0039] [Table 1] [Industrial Applicability]

[0040] According to the present invention, a moisture-permeable, waterproof fabric having excellent heat storage and heat retention properties and being lightweight, and a textile product using said fabric are provided, and the industrial value thereof is extremely great.

Claims

1. A highly visible flame-retardant fabric comprising a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and a modacrylic fiber, and which is colored, and which satisfies at least one of the following requirements (1) to (3): (1) The x and y chromaticity coordinates of fluorescent yellow, both before and after irradiation with a xenon lamp as described in JIS T 8127 5.1.1 and 5.2:2020, are within the range of (0.387, 0.610), (0.356, 0.494), (0.398, 0.452), and (0.460, 0.540), and the minimum luminance factor is 0.70 (yellow). (2) The x and y chromaticity coordinates of fluorescent orange, both before and after irradiation with a xenon lamp as described in JIS T 8127 5.1.1 and 5.2:2020, are within the range of (0.610, 0.390), (0.535, 0.375), (0.570, 0.340), and (0.655, 0.345), and the minimum luminance factor is 0.40 (orange). (3) The x and y chromaticity coordinates of fluorescent red, both before and after irradiation with a xenon lamp as described in JIS T 8127 5.1.1 and 5.2:2020, are within the range of (0.655, 0.345), (0.570, 0.340), (0.595, 0.315), and (0.690, 0.310), and the minimum luminance factor is 0.25 (red).

2. 2. The high-visibility flame-retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and the modacrylic fiber are colored with the same dye.

3. 2. The high-visibility flame-retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and the modacrylic fiber are colored using a carrier agent.

4. Fabric weight is 100 to 300 g / m ２ The high visibility flame retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant density is in the range of 0.1 to 0.

5.

5. 2. The high-visibility flame-retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the afterflame time is 1.0 second or less in a flammability measurement specified in JIS L1091-1992 A-4 method (12-second flame contact).

6. A textile product made using the high-visibility flame-retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is selected from the group consisting of protective clothing, work clothing, fire-resistant clothing, camouflage clothing, happi coats, and aprons.

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