Access point device and wireless communication setting method

Abstract

To simplify changing connection information required for wireless connection to a network.SOLUTION: An access point device (1) relays wireless connection of a terminal device (2) to a network. The access point device (1) includes a control unit that performs connection processing for wireless connection, an input unit (Bdw, Bup) that receives input from a user, and a display unit (Mn). In response to the input, the control unit selectively displays on the display unit (Mn) connection information required for the connection processing and information required for changing connection information.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an access point device and a wireless communication setting method. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, configurations for relaying wireless connections of terminal devices to a network have been known. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2006-261938 (Patent Document 1) discloses an access point that relays data transmitted and received between a digital still camera and a personal computer via an infrastructure-based wireless local area network (LAN). The access point displays a quick response (QR) code that encodes a service set identifier (SSID) and a wired equivalent privacy (WEP) key generated using random numbers. A user of a terminal device such as a digital still camera or a personal computer can obtain the SSID and WEP key required for a wireless LAN connection using the access point as a relay station by capturing an image of the QR code (registered trademark) displayed on the access point. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-261938 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] To prevent unauthorized access to a network via an access point device, it is desirable to change connection information, such as the SSID and encryption key (e.g., a WEP key), required for wireless connection to the network from initial character strings (e.g., character strings determined at the time of manufacturing the access point device) to character strings unique to each user. In this regard, procedures for changing connection information are often described in the access point device's instruction manual. When multiple procedures requiring reference to the instruction manual are required, some users may find it time-consuming to manually change the connection information while referring to the access point device's instruction manual. As a result, the connection information may be left unchanged from its initial character string. If the connection information remains unchanged from its initial character string for a long period of time, the risk of unauthorized access to the network via the access point device may increase. However, Patent Document 1 does not take into consideration the time and effort required to change the connection information required for wireless connection to the network.

[0005] The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to simplify changing connection information required for wireless connection to a network. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The access point device of the present disclosure relays wireless connections of terminal devices to a network. The access point device includes a control unit that performs connection processing for the wireless connection, an input unit that receives input from a user, and a display unit. In response to the input, the control unit selectively displays connection information required for the connection processing and information required for changing the connection information on the display unit.

[0007] The communication setting method disclosed herein is a method for relaying a wireless connection of a terminal device to a network, and includes a step of receiving input from a user and, in response to the input, selectively displaying connection information required for connection processing for the wireless connection and information required for changing the connection information.

[0008] The communication setting method disclosed herein is a communication setting method for relaying a wireless connection of a terminal device to a network, and includes the steps of displaying a first screen containing connection information necessary for connection processing for the wireless connection, receiving specific input from a user while the first screen is displayed, and displaying a second screen containing information necessary for changing the connection information in accordance with the specific input. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to simplify changing connection information required for wireless connection to a network. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an external perspective view of an HGW, which is an example of an access point device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the HGW of FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of screen transition on the monitor of FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a flowchart showing the flow of processing for initial setting and setting change of a wireless connection via an HGW. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing performed by the control unit of the HGW when the connection setting screen of FIG. 4 is displayed. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing performed by the smartphone in the wireless connection setting processing of FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing performed by the control unit of the HGW when the setting change screen Sc3 of FIG. 4 is displayed. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing performed by the smartphone in the connection setting change processing of FIG. [Figure 9]FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the flow of a wireless connection setting process that is performed after the initial connection information is changed and communication between the HGW and the smartphone is disconnected in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] [Description of the embodiments of the present disclosure] First, embodiments of the present disclosure will be listed and described.

[0012] (1) An access point device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure relays wireless connection of a terminal device to a network. The access point device includes a control unit that performs connection processing for the wireless connection, an input unit that receives input from a user, and a display unit. In response to the input, the control unit selectively displays connection information required for the connection processing and information required for changing the connection information on the display unit.

[0013] The access point device displays, in response to a user's input, information required to change the connection information required for wirelessly connecting a terminal device to a network on a display unit. According to the access point device, the connection information required for wirelessly connecting to a network can be changed to information specific to the user by loading the information displayed on the access point device's display unit into the terminal device, without having to refer to an instruction manual for the access point device. In other words, the access point device simplifies the process of changing the connection information required for wirelessly connecting to a network via the access point device.

[0014] (2) In the access point device of (1) above, the control unit may display, in response to an input, temporary connection information on the display unit for permitting wireless connection to the network a predetermined number of times.

[0015] The access point device described above allows the selection of whether to allow a permanent connection or a temporary connection depending on the type of user, thereby improving the security of wireless connections to a network via the access point device.

[0016] (3) In the access point device of (1) or (2) above, the control unit may display a predetermined screen on the display unit after displaying the connection information and receiving the connection information from the terminal device and completing the connection process.

[0017] According to the above-mentioned access point device, the screen of the display unit switches to a predetermined screen, allowing the user to instantly know that a wireless connection has been established between the terminal device and the network via the access point device.

[0018] (4) In the access point device of any one of (1) to (3) above, the control unit may display, in response to an input, information relating to the operating status of the access point device or information acquired from the network on the display unit.

[0019] According to the above access point device, the user can obtain information on the operating status of the access point device or information obtained from the network in real time as needed.

[0020] (5) In the access point device of (4) above, the control unit may display information about the operating status on the display unit in preference to other information.

[0021] According to the above access point device, the user can check the cause of the communication status of the current wireless connection by activating the display unit without any special operation.

[0022] (6) A communication setting method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is a method for relaying a wireless connection of a terminal device to a network, and includes a step of receiving input from a user and, in response to the input, selectively displaying connection information required for connection processing for the wireless connection and information required for changing the connection information.

[0023] The above communication setting method displays information necessary for changing connection information required for wireless connection of a terminal device to a network in response to input from a user. According to the above communication setting method, the connection information required for wireless connection to a network can be changed to information specific to the user by loading the displayed information into the terminal device without referring to an instruction manual for the communication setting method, etc. In other words, the above communication setting method simplifies changing the connection information required for wireless connection to a network.

[0024] (7) A communication setting method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is a communication setting method for relaying a wireless connection of a terminal device to a network, and includes the steps of displaying a first screen containing connection information necessary for connection processing for the wireless connection, receiving specific input from a user while the first screen is displayed, and displaying a second screen containing information necessary for changing the connection information in response to the specific input.

[0025] The above communication setting method displays a second screen containing information necessary to change connection information required for wireless connection of a terminal device to a network by receiving a specific input from the user while the first screen is displayed. According to the above communication setting method, the connection information required for wireless connection to a network can be changed to information specific to the user by loading the information contained in the second screen into the terminal device without referring to an instruction manual for the communication setting method, etc. In other words, the above communication setting method simplifies the process of changing the connection information required for wireless connection to a network.

[0026] [Details of the embodiments of the present disclosure] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated.

[0027] 1 is a diagram illustrating an external perspective view of a home gateway (HGW) 1, which is an example of an access point device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The HGW 1 relays a Wi-Fi (registered trademark) connection (wireless connection) of a terminal device (e.g., a smartphone 2 of a user Us) to the Internet (network). In FIG. 1, the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are perpendicular to one another. The negative direction of the Z-axis is the direction of gravity.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 1, the HGW 1 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. A plurality of LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamps Ld are arranged on the front surface Ff of the HGW 1, which is parallel to the XZ plane. The lighting manner of the plurality of LED lamps Ld (for example, the number of lit lamps, the blinking interval, or the lighting color) changes depending on the operating status of the HGW 1. A power button, an initialization button, and the like (not shown) are arranged on the back surface Fb of the HGW 1, which is parallel to the XZ plane. A monitor Mn, an up button Bup, and a down button Bdw are arranged on the side surface Fs of the HGW 1, which is parallel to the YZ plane. The monitor Mn may include a touch panel.

[0029] The monitor Mn displays a Wi-Fi connection setting screen Sc2 including a QR code Qr1. The QR code Qr1 encodes the values ​​of the SSID and encryption key (e.g., a WEP key) required for a Wi-Fi connection via the HGW1. The initial values ​​of these values ​​are set, for example, when the HGW1 is manufactured. The size of the monitor Mn is large enough to fit one QR code Qr1 and some simple explanatory text (e.g., "Guest Wi-Fi Connection"), and corresponds, for example, to the standard size of a QR code (e.g., 15 mm x 15 mm).

[0030] The user Us can change the screen displayed on the monitor Mn by pressing the up button Bup or the down button Bdw. When the up button Bup is pressed once, the display on the monitor Mn is switched to a screen one level higher in priority than the current screen according to a predetermined screen priority order. That is, the up button Bup is a button for changing the screen displayed on the monitor Mn in ascending order according to the priority order. On the other hand, when the down button Bdw is pressed once, the display on the monitor Mn is switched to a screen one level lower in priority than the current screen according to a predetermined screen priority order. That is, the down button Bdw is a button for changing the screen displayed on the monitor Mn in descending order according to the priority order. Note that, although the up button Bup and the down button Bdw are described in FIG. 1 as physical buttons, they may also be software buttons displayed on the monitor Mn as a GUI (Graphical User Interface). The screen on the monitor Mn may also be changed by a touch operation (e.g., tapping, flicking, or swiping) involving physical contact with the monitor Mn.

[0031] The user Us can operate the up button Bup or the down button Bdw to display a Wi-Fi connection setting screen Sc2 on the monitor Mn. The user Us can use the camera function and QR code reading function of the smartphone 2 to read the QR code Qr1 into the smartphone 2. In this case, the smartphone 2 decrypts the SSID and encryption key from the QR code Qr1 and stores them in memory. By using the SSID and encryption key, the smartphone 2 can establish a Wi-Fi connection to the Internet via the HGW 1. In this way, the HGW 1 can automatically perform settings for a Wi-Fi connection to the Internet via the HGW 1 by simply reading the QR code Qr1 displayed on the monitor Mn of the HGW 1.

[0032] Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the HGW 1 in Fig. 1. As shown in Fig. 2, the HGW 1 includes a control unit 110, a display unit 120, a memory 130, an input unit 140, a router processing unit 150, a setting processing unit 160, and a wireless communication unit 170.

[0033] The control unit 110 includes a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The control unit 110 executes a program (not shown) stored in the memory 130 to comprehensively control the HGW 1. The memory 130 includes a volatile memory and a non-volatile memory. When the HGW 1 is manufactured, the memory 130 stores initial connection information (for example, initial values ​​of the SSID and encryption key) required for wireless connection via the HGW 1 and URL (Uniform Resource Locator) information for changing the connection information.

[0034] The control unit 110 performs wireless communication with an external terminal device via the wireless communication unit 170. The control unit 110 relays communication between the network and the terminal device via the router processing unit 150. The control unit 110 sets information required for wireless connection (for example, SSID and encryption key) via the setting processing unit 160, and stores the information in the memory 130.

[0035] The control unit 110 receives input from the user via the input unit 140 and performs processing according to the input. The control unit 110 displays the processing result (e.g., a QR code) on the display unit 120. The input unit 140 includes an up button Bdw and a down button Bup in FIG. 1. The display unit 120 includes an LED lamp Ld and a monitor Mn in FIG. 1.

[0036] 3 is a diagram showing an example of screen transitions on the monitor Mn of FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the monitor Mn can selectively display an operating status screen Sc1, a connection setting screen Sc2, a setting change screen Sc3, a useful information screen Sc4, a temporary connection setting screen Sc5, or a screen saver screen Scs (a predetermined screen) in response to an input from the user. The operating status screen Sc1, the connection setting screen Sc2, the setting change screen Sc3, the useful information screen Sc4, and the temporary connection setting screen Sc5 have decreasing priorities in this order. In FIG. 3, the screen saver screen Scs is a sleep screen (lights-off screen) with no display, but the screen saver screen Scs may also be a screen of a predetermined image or video.

[0037] The operation status screen Sc1 displays information about the operation status of the HGW1 (for example, the congestion status of wireless communication and the occurrence status of communication errors). For example, when wireless communication is relatively quiet and a communication error has occurred, the monitor Mn displays the operation status screen Sc11. When communication is relatively congested and no communication error has occurred, the monitor Mn displays the operation status screen Sc12. The user can know information about the operation status of the HGW1 in real time as needed.

[0038] When the down button Bdw is pressed while the operating status screen Sc1 is displayed on the monitor Mn, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the operating status screen Sc1 to the connection setting screen Sc2, and when the up button Bup is pressed, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the operating status screen Sc1 to the temporary connection setting screen Sc5. Furthermore, if this state continues for a predetermined time, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the operating status screen Sc1 to the screen saver screen Scs.

[0039] The connection setting screen Sc2 displays a QR code that encodes connection information required for wireless connection via the HGW 1. By reading the QR code into the terminal device, the user can automatically perform the settings required for wireless connection via the HGW 1.

[0040] When the down button Bdw is pressed while the connection setting screen Sc2 is displayed on the monitor Mn, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the connection setting screen Sc2 to a setting change screen Sc3, and when the up button Bup is pressed, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the connection setting screen Sc2 to an operation status screen Sc1. Furthermore, if this state continues for a predetermined time, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the connection setting screen Sc2 to a screen saver screen Scs. When the HGW 1 receives information encoded in a QR code from the terminal device and completes wireless connection processing, the screen on the monitor Mn may transition from the connection setting screen Sc2 to the screen saver screen Scs. By confirming the screen transition to the screen saver screen Scs, the user can immediately confirm that the wireless connection processing in the HGW 1 has been completed.

[0041] The setting change screen Sc3 displays a QR code encoded with URL information for changing the connection information required for wireless connection via the HGW 1. By reading the QR code into a terminal device, the user can automatically access a setting change site where the connection information can be changed, and change the connection information on the setting change site to information unique to the user. With the HGW 1, the connection information required for wireless connection to the network can be changed to information unique to the user by reading the information displayed on the monitor Mn of the HGW 1 into the terminal device without having to refer to an instruction manual for the HGW 1, etc.

[0042] When the down button Bdw is pressed while the setting change screen Sc3 is displayed on the monitor Mn, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the setting change screen Sc3 to the useful information screen Sc4, and when the up button Bup is pressed, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the setting change screen Sc3 to the connection setting screen Sc2. Furthermore, if this state continues for a predetermined time, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the setting change screen Sc3 to the screen saver screen Scs.

[0043] The useful information screen Sc4 displays useful information that is useful in the user's daily life. In FIG. 3, information about the date, time, location, and weather is displayed. This information can be obtained from an external server (for example, an NTP (Network Time Protocol) server or a weather data server). The user can view the useful information obtained from the network in real time as needed.

[0044] When the down button Bdw is pressed while the useful information screen Sc4 is displayed on the monitor Mn, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the useful information screen Sc4 to the temporary connection setting screen Sc5, and when the up button Bup is pressed, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the useful information screen Sc4 to the setting change screen Sc3. Furthermore, if this state continues for a predetermined time, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the useful information screen Sc4 to the screen saver screen Scs.

[0045] The temporary connection setting screen Sc5 displays a QR code encoding temporary connection information required for a temporary wireless connection via the HGW1. A user can automatically perform settings required for a temporary wireless connection via the HGW1 by reading the QR code into a terminal device. A temporary wireless connection is a wireless connection in which the number of wireless connections via the HGW1 is limited to a predetermined number (for example, one time). The HGW1 allows a user to select whether to permit a permanent connection or a temporary connection depending on the type of user. As a result, the security of the wireless connection to the network via the HGW1 can be improved.

[0046] When the down button Bdw is pressed while the temporary connection setting screen Sc5 is displayed on the monitor Mn, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the temporary connection setting screen Sc5 to the operating status screen Sc1, and when the up button Bup is pressed, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the temporary connection setting screen Sc5 to the useful information screen Sc4. Furthermore, if this state continues for a predetermined time, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the temporary connection setting screen Sc5 to the screen saver screen Scs.

[0047] When the down button Bdw or the up button Bup is pressed while the screen saver screen Scs is displayed on the monitor Mn, the screen on the monitor Mn transitions from the screen saver screen Scs to the operating status screen Sc1.

[0048] 4 is a diagram showing an example of a flowchart illustrating the flow of processing for initial setting and setting change of a wireless connection via the HGW 1. In the following, steps are simply abbreviated as S.

[0049] 4, in response to the user Us pressing the power button, the HGW 1 performs a startup process in S110 and proceeds to the process in S120. In S120, the HGW 1 displays a screen saver screen Scs on the monitor Mn.

[0050] In response to a single press of the down button Bdw or the up button Bup by the user Us, the HGW 1 displays an operating status screen Sc1 on the monitor Mn in S130.

[0051] In response to the user Us pressing the down button Bdw once or pressing the up button Bup four times, the HGW1 displays a connection setting screen Sc2 (first screen) on the monitor Mn in S140. In S210, the user Us reads the initial QR code included in the connection setting screen Sc2 with the smartphone 2, automatically sets up a wireless connection via the HGW1, and attempts a wireless connection to the HGW1 using the initial connection information. The HGW1 acquires the initial connection information when attempting a wireless connection from the smartphone 2 in S140, and automatically establishes a wireless connection with the smartphone 2.

[0052] After S210, in response to the user Us pressing the down button Bdw once or pressing the up button Bup four times (specific input), the HGW 1 displays the setting change screen Sc3 (second screen) in S150. In S220, the user Us reads the QR code containing an encoded URL included in the setting change screen Sc3 with the smartphone 2, automatically accesses the setting change site, and changes the connection information to connection information specific to the user Us.

[0053] In S150, in response to a save operation (e.g., pressing the save button) by the user Us on the browser displaying the setting change site, the HGW1 replaces the connection information stored in the memory 130 with new connection information determined by the user Us.

[0054] From S150 onwards, the HGW 1 performs connection processing using the connection information changed by the user Us in S220. Therefore, communication between the HGW 1 and the terminal device connected using the connection information encoded in the initial QR code displayed on the monitor Mn in S140 is disconnected from S150 onwards.

[0055] 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing performed by the control unit 110 of the HGW 1 when displaying the connection setting screen Sc2 of FIG. 4 (S140). As shown in FIG. 5, in S141, the control unit 110 acquires connection information from the memory 130 and proceeds to S142. In S142, the control unit 110 converts the connection information into a QR code and proceeds to S143. In S143, the control unit 110 displays the QR code on the monitor Mn and proceeds to S144. In S144, the control unit 110 automatically establishes a wireless connection with the terminal device in response to a connection attempt from the terminal device that read the QR code, and ends the processing.

[0056] Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing performed by the smartphone 2 in the wireless connection setting processing (S210) of Fig. 4. As shown in Fig. 6, in S211, the smartphone 2 reads the QR code displayed on the monitor Mn of the HGW 1 with the camera of the smartphone 2. In S212, the smartphone 2 decodes the QR code to obtain connection information, stores the connection information in memory, and proceeds to the processing of S213. In S213, the smartphone 2 automatically establishes a wireless connection with the HGW 1 using the connection information and ends the processing.

[0057] 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing performed by the control unit 110 of the HGW 1 when displaying the setting change screen Sc3 of FIG. 4 (S150). As shown in FIG. 7, in S151, the control unit 110 acquires URL information from the memory 130 and proceeds to S152. In S152, the control unit 110 converts the URL information into a QR code and proceeds to S153. In S153, the control unit 110 displays the QR code on the monitor Mn and proceeds to S154. In S154, in response to a save request from the terminal device that read the QR code, the control unit 110 replaces the connection information stored in the memory 130 with connection information determined by the user and ends the processing.

[0058] 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing performed by the smartphone 2 in the connection setting change processing (S220) of FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 8, in S221, the smartphone 2 reads a QR code displayed on the monitor Mn of the HGW 1 with the camera of the smartphone 2. In S222, the smartphone 2 decodes the QR code to obtain URL information and accesses the setting change site specified by the URL information using a browser application. In S223, in response to the user Us performing an operation to save the connection information on the setting change site, the smartphone 2 transmits a request to save the connection information determined by the user Us to the HGW 1, and ends the processing.

[0059] Fig. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the flow of a wireless connection setup process that is performed after the initial connection information is changed and communication between the HGW 1 and the smartphone 2 is disconnected in Fig. 4. As shown in Fig. 9, similarly to Fig. 4, S120, S130, S140, and S210 are performed, and communication between the HGW 1 and the smartphone 2 is re-established. Note that the QR code displayed on the monitor Mn of the HGW 1 in S140 is encoded with the connection information changed by the user Us in S220 of Fig. 4, rather than the initial connection information.

[0060] The embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative in all respects and should not be considered limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims rather than the above-described embodiments, and it is intended to include any modifications within the scope of the claims and meanings equivalent to the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0061] 1 HGW 2. Smartphone 110 control section 120 Display section 130 memory 140 Input section 150 Router processing unit 160 Setting processing section 170 Radio Communication Department Bdw Down Button Bup Up Button Fb back Ff front Fs side LED lamp Mn monitor QR Initial Qr1 Code Sc1, Sc11, Sc12 Operation status screen Sc2 Connection setting screen Sc3 Setting change screen Sc4 Useful information screen Sc5 Temporary connection setting screen Scs Screensaver Screen Us User

Claims

1. An access point device that relays wireless connection of a terminal device to a network, a control unit that performs connection processing for the wireless connection; an input unit for receiving input from a user; a display unit, The control unit selectively displays, on the display unit, connection information necessary for the connection process and information necessary for changing the connection information, in response to the input.

2. The access point device according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit, in response to the input, displays, on the display unit, temporary connection information for permitting wireless connection to the network a predetermined number of times.

3. 3. The access point device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit, after displaying the connection information, displays a predetermined screen on the display unit when the control unit receives the connection information from the terminal device and completes the connection process.

4. The access point device according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit displays, on the display unit, information relating to an operating state of the access point device or information acquired from the network, in response to the input.

5. The access point device according to claim 4 , wherein the control unit displays information about the operating state on the display unit in priority over other information.

6. A communication setting method for relaying a wireless connection of a terminal device to a network, comprising: receiving input from a user; and selectively displaying connection information necessary for connection processing for the wireless connection and information necessary for changing the connection information in response to the input.

7. A communication setting method for relaying a wireless connection of a terminal device to a network, comprising: displaying a first screen including connection information necessary for connection processing for the wireless connection; receiving a specific input from a user while the first screen is displayed; and displaying a second screen displaying information necessary for changing the connection information in response to the specific input.

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