Seismic control structure

Abstract

To provide a seismic control structure or the like that leads to effective use of space within a building.SOLUTION: A seismic control structure 1 has a wooden frame section 2 and a high-rigidity frame section 3. The wooden frame section 2 is formed using wooden materials and includes a rigid frame structure 20 whose structural surface is in the x-direction of the plane. The high-rigidity frame section 3 includes a rigid frame structure 30 whose structural surface is in the x-direction and has higher rigidity in the x-direction than the wooden frame section 2. The rigid frame structure 20 of the wooden frame section 2 and the rigid frame structure 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3 separated in the y-direction in plan view are connected via a horizontal damper 4 installed in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal damper 4 absorbs vibrations in the x-direction by utilizing the difference in displacement in the x-direction between the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a seismic damping structure and the like. [Background technology]

[0002] Wooden structures are effective as a means of reducing CO2 emissions as a measure against global warming, and can also improve design by leaving the wood exposed. However, due to their low rigidity and strength, it has traditionally been difficult to apply wooden structures to large-scale buildings. However, with the recent spread of large-scale laminated timber, wooden structures are beginning to be applied to large-scale buildings, and one example is a wooden rigid frame structure that combines wooden columns and wooden beams in a portal shape (for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 3990715 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, because wooden rigid frame structures have lower rigidity and strength than RC (reinforced concrete) or S (steel frame) structures, it is difficult to rationally and effectively use them as earthquake-resistant elements in buildings. For this reason, measures such as increasing the number of columns or enlarging the cross-sections of the components are currently adopted, but as a result of taking these measures, the area occupied by the columns and beams inside the building increases, reducing the amount of space that can be effectively used inside the building.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and aims to provide a seismic control frame or the like that leads to effective use of space within a building. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a seismic control frame comprising: a wooden frame section formed using wooden materials and having a rigid frame structure with a structural surface in one direction in a plane; and a high-rigidity frame section having a rigid frame structure with a structural surface in said one direction and having higher rigidity in said one direction than the wooden frame section, wherein the rigid frame structure of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame structure of the high-rigidity frame section are separated in a direction different from said one direction in a plan view, and are connected via a horizontal damper provided in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal damper absorbs vibrations in said one direction by utilizing the difference in displacement in said one direction between the wooden frame section and the high-rigidity frame section.

[0007] With the above-mentioned configuration, the present invention uses wooden materials to realize a building that is excellent in terms of the environment, while at the same time improving the seismic safety of the entire building by using a seismic control frame with horizontal dampers that takes advantage of the weaknesses of wooden rigid frame frames, namely their low rigidity and low strength.As a result, there is no need to increase the number of columns, increase the size of the columns and beams, or add shear walls or vertical braces to compensate for the low rigidity and strength of wooden rigid frame frames, which leads to more effective use of the space within the building.

[0008] The wooden frame section is arranged, for example, on the outer periphery of a building. This allows the wooden frame section to be placed on the structural surface that forms the building's facade, improving the design of the building, and also makes it possible to effectively use the rigid frame as a structural member.

[0009] The horizontal damper is preferably provided below the floor slab between the rigid frame of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame of the high-rigidity frame section in a plan view, and the floor slab is separated from at least one of the rigid frame of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame of the high-rigidity frame section. In this invention, by installing horizontal dampers under the floor (or ceiling) slab, the use of the building space is not hindered, and the architectural space can be used more freely, allowing for greater freedom in architectural design. Also, by separating the slab from the rigid frame as described above, it is possible to prevent the relative displacement between the rigid frame structures from being hindered by the slab.

[0010] It is also desirable that the floor slab provided by the wooden frame section or the high-rigidity frame section is a double floor, and that a seismic isolation device and a damper are provided between the upper and lower floors. This allows the building's vibrations to be further absorbed, further reducing the rigidity and strength required for the wooden frame.

[0011] The horizontal damper is preferably a horizontal brace damper, and is disposed obliquely between the rigid frame of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame of the high-rigidity frame section in a plan view. This allows vibrations to be absorbed by a horizontal damper with a simple and space-saving configuration. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] The present invention can provide a seismic control frame or the like that leads to effective use of space within a building. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a seismic control frame 1. FIG. [Figure 2] 4A and 4B are diagrams showing an example of installation of a horizontal damper 4. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of a horizontal damper 4. [Figure 4] A diagram showing deck slab 6. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement pattern of the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement pattern of the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement pattern of the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3. [Figure 8]FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement pattern of the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3. [Figure 9] A diagram showing deck slab 6a. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a seismic isolation structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1(a) is a schematic plan view of the seismic isolation structure 1, and Figure 1(b) is a schematic front view of the seismic isolation structure 1 shown in Figure 1(a) as seen from the direction indicated by arrow I.

[0016] As shown in FIG. 1, the seismic isolation frame 1 is a frame for the ground floor of a building, and includes a wooden frame portion 2 and a high-rigidity frame portion 3.

[0017] The wooden frame section 2 is a frame made of wooden materials and is arranged on the periphery of the building. The wooden frame section 2 comprises a rigid frame 20 with its structural surface in one direction in the plane. In the example of Figure 1, this direction corresponds to the x direction (left and right direction in Figure 1(a)). The rigid frame section 20 consists of a gate-shaped frame in which the tops of adjacent columns 21 are connected by beams 22, and the columns 21 and beams 22 are made of wooden materials and arranged at heights corresponding to each floor of the building. The wooden frame sections 2 are arranged in pairs, with the high-rigidity frame section 3 sandwiched between them. The wooden frame sections 2 are arranged in a position that meets the facade of the building, giving the building excellent design.

[0018] The columns 21 and beams 22 of the rigid frame 20 are made of wood as described above, and may be entirely made of wood, or may be a composite structure of wood with concrete or steel frames, with the surface finished with wood. There are no particular restrictions on the wood material, but laminated lumber, structural plywood, CLT (Cross Laminated Timber), LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber), etc. can be used. There are also no particular restrictions on the method of joining the columns 21 and beams 22 in the rigid frame 20, and they can be rigid joints, pin joints, or a combination of both.

[0019] The high-rigidity structural unit 3 is a high-rigidity structural unit located in the core portion inside the perimeter of the building, and includes a rigid frame structure 30 whose structural plane is in the x-direction. The rigid frame structure 30 is a portal-shaped structure made up of columns 31 and beams 32, and is located inside the rigid frame structures 20 of the pair of wooden structural units 2. In Figure 1, the high-rigidity structural unit 3 is shown in gray. This is also true in Figure 3 and Figures 5 to 8 described below.

[0020] The rigid frame structure 20 of the wooden frame section 2 and the rigid frame structure 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3 are spaced apart in the y direction (the up-down direction in FIG. 1(a)), which is different from the x direction, and columns 31 of the rigid frame structure 30 and columns 21 of the rigid frame structure 20 on the outside thereof are connected by beams 32 in the y direction. Hereinafter, the rectangular planar area a surrounded by adjacent columns 21 of the rigid frame structure 20 and the columns 31 of the rigid frame structure 30 connected to these columns 21 may be referred to as a "section." The x direction and y direction are perpendicular to each other on the plane.

[0021] The rigidity of the high-rigidity structural member 3 in the x-direction is higher than that of the wooden structural member 2. To that extent, the structural type of the high-rigidity structural member 3 is not particularly limited, and the columns 31 and beams 32 can be reinforced concrete or steel without using wooden materials, or a combination of these structural types can be used, such as using reinforced concrete for the columns 31 and steel for the beams 32. Wood may also be used for the columns 31 and beams 32. Note that steel construction also includes using a CFT column (concrete-filled steel tubular column) for the column 31. The level of rigidity is determined by comparing the rigidity of the continuous wooden structural member 2 when viewed independently with the rigidity of the continuous high-rigidity structural member 3 when viewed independently.

[0022] The rigid frame 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3 and the rigid frame 20 of the outer wooden frame section 2 are connected via horizontal dampers 4 installed in the horizontal direction. The horizontal dampers 4 can absorb vibrations of the building in the x-direction of the plane by utilizing the difference in displacement in the x-direction between the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3.

[0023] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of installation of the horizontal damper 4 at position A in FIG. 1(a). The horizontal damper 4 is installed below the floor slab 6 that forms the floor of the upper floor of the rigid frame structures 20, 30 for one floor, between the rigid frame structures 20, 30 in a plan view. In this embodiment, a horizontal brace damper is used as the horizontal damper 4 to be installed in the underfloor space, which has a large planar area but cannot ensure sufficient height. As the horizontal brace damper, an oil damper, a steel damper, or the like can be used. However, as the horizontal damper 4, a damper other than a horizontal brace damper, such as a viscous wall damper arranged horizontally, can also be used.

[0024] As shown in FIG. 1(a), the horizontal damper 4 (horizontal brace damper) is disposed obliquely with respect to the x and y directions in a plan view.

[0025] As shown in Fig. 2, the end of the horizontal damper 4 is joined using, for example, steel plates 51 and bolts (high-strength bolts) 52. The beam 32 in Fig. 2 is a beam 32 (y-direction beam 32) that connects the column 21 of the rigid frame 20 of the timber frame section 2 to the column 31 of the rigid frame 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3, and is a steel beam made of H-shaped steel. A vertical plate 321 extending from the end of the steel beam on the rigid frame 20 side and a vertical plate 41 at the end of the horizontal damper 4 are sandwiched from the front and back by steel plates 51, and these steel plates 51 are fastened together by fasteners 52 such as bolts and nuts, sandwiching the vertical plates 321 and 41. Similarly, the horizontal plate 322 extending from the end of the steel beam on the rigid frame structure 20 side and the horizontal plate 42 at the end of the horizontal damper 4 are sandwiched between steel plates 51 on the front and back, and these steel plates 51 are tightened by fasteners 52, sandwiching the horizontal plates 322 and 42.

[0026] In this way, the end of the horizontal damper 4 on the rigid frame frame 20 side is joined to the end of the y-direction beam 32 on the rigid frame frame 20 side. Similarly, the end of the horizontal damper 4 on the rigid frame frame 30 side is joined to the end of another y-direction beam 32 on the rigid frame frame 30 side using a steel plate 51 and a fastener 52. These connections are rigid, but the method for joining the ends of the horizontal damper 4 is not particularly limited. For example, the end of the horizontal damper 4 may be pin-joined using a gusset plate and a bolt.

[0027] 1, a pair of horizontal dampers 4 are arranged so as to intersect in an X-shape within section a between the rigid frame structure 20 of the wooden frame section 2 and the rigid frame structure 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3. However, the horizontal dampers 4 are not limited to this arrangement, and may be arranged in a diagonal direction within section a as shown in FIG. 3(a), or in a V-shape as shown in FIG. 3(b).

[0028] Furthermore, horizontal dampers 4 do not necessarily need to be installed on all floors of a building, and may be installed only on selected floors. For example, they may be installed every few floors, or may be concentrated on special floors such as machine room floors, outdoor equipment floors, and green terrace floors, or on floors with switching building uses.

[0029] In addition, in the example of Figure 1, horizontal dampers 4 are provided in all sections a between the rigid frame structures 20 and 30, but it is not necessary to provide horizontal dampers 4 in all sections a, and they may be provided only in selected sections a. For example, in sections a where vertical shafts such as EV shafts and equipment shafts are planned, the placement of horizontal dampers 4 is omitted.

[0030] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the floor surface at position B in Fig. 1(a). In the example of Fig. 4, the pillars 21 of the wooden frame 2 are composite structural pillars in which concrete 212 is poured inside an outer shell made of wooden materials 211, and the beams 22 are wooden beams. The ends of the beams 32 in the y direction are embedded in the concrete 212 of the pillars 21.

[0031] In plan view, the deck 6 in Figure 4 is installed between the rigid frame frame 20 of the wooden frame section 2 and the rigid frame frame 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3 inside it. The deck slab 6 is constructed using a dry construction method using precast concrete members, and a clearance 61 is provided between the deck slab 6 and the rigid frame frame 20 in plan view. By cutting the edge between the deck slab 6 and the rigid frame frame 20 in this way, the deck slab 6 fits in such a way that it does not hinder the relative displacement in the x direction between the rigid frame frame 20 of the wooden frame section 2 and the rigid frame frame 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3. The deck slab 6 is not limited to precast concrete members, and may also be a steel member such as grating.

[0032] In this embodiment, a clearance is also provided between the deck slab 6 and the rigid frame frame 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3, and a separation is also formed between the deck slab 6 and the rigid frame frame 30. However, the deck slab 6 may be separated from either one of the rigid frame frames 20, 30. In this embodiment, a deck slab 6 is arranged in each section a between the rigid frame frames 20, 30, and a clearance 62 is provided between adjacent deck slabs 6 in the x direction to separate them.

[0033] It should be noted that instead of providing clearances 61 and 62, the joining may be performed using a joining method that allows relative movement between the deck slab 6 and the rigid frame structures 20 and 30, or relative movement between the deck slabs 6. For the area surrounded by the columns 31 of the high-rigidity frame portion 3, there is no problem in forming the deck slab 6 using cast-in-place concrete using conventional construction methods and fixing the deck slab 6 to these columns 31.

[0034] As explained above, in the seismic isolation structure 1 of this embodiment, the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3 are used together on the ground floor of a building, and the rigid frame structure 20 in the x direction of the wooden frame section 2 and the rigid frame structure 30 in the x direction of the high-rigidity frame section 3 are arranged separately in the y direction. Both rigid frame structures 20, 30 are connected by a horizontal damper 4, and vibrations are attenuated by utilizing the difference in x-direction displacement between the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3 during an earthquake.

[0035] This allows for the use of wooden materials to create a building that is excellent in terms of the environment, while at the same time improving the seismic safety of the entire building by using horizontal dampers 4 to create a seismic control frame 1 that takes advantage of the weak points of the rigid frame frame 20 made of wooden materials, namely, its low rigidity and low strength. Therefore, there is no need to increase the number of columns 21, increase the size of the columns 21 and beams 22, or add earthquake-resistant walls or vertical braces in order to compensate for the low rigidity and strength of the rigid frame frame 20, which leads to effective use of the space within the building.

[0036] In addition, in this embodiment, the wooden frame section 2 is arranged on the outer periphery of the building, and by arranging the wooden frame section 2 on the structural surface that forms the facade of the building, the design of the building is improved and the rigid frame structure 20 can be effectively used as a structural member.

[0037] In this embodiment, by installing the horizontal damper 4 under the floor (or ceiling), the use of the space in the building is not hindered, and the architectural space can be used more freely, increasing the degree of freedom in architectural design. Also, by separating the floor slab 6 from the rigid frame structures 20, 30, it is possible to prevent the floor slab 6 from hindering the relative displacement between the rigid frame structures 20, 30.

[0038] Furthermore, the horizontal damper 4 of this embodiment is a horizontal brace damper disposed diagonally between the rigid frame structures 20, 30, and vibrations can be absorbed by the horizontal damper 4 having a simple and space-saving configuration.

[0039] However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the arrangement pattern of the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3 is not limited to that described in Fig. 1. For example, in this embodiment, the wooden frame sections 2 are provided on both sides of the high-rigidity frame section 3, but as shown in Fig. 5(a), the wooden frame sections 2 may be provided on only one side of the high-rigidity frame section 3.

[0040] 5(b), the wooden frame section 2 may be arranged around the entire perimeter of the building, and both the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3 may be provided with rigid frame structures 20, 30 in the y direction (one direction in the plane). Horizontal dampers 4 may also be provided between these rigid frame structures 20, 30, and the seismic control frame 1 may absorb vibrations not only in the x direction but also due to the difference in displacement between the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3 in the y direction during an earthquake. The rigidity of the high-rigidity frame section 3 is higher than that of the wooden frame section 2 not only in the x direction but also in the y direction.

[0041] 5(c), high-rigidity structural members 3 may be provided on both sides of the wooden structural member 2, as opposed to Fig. 1. Alternatively, high-rigidity structural members 3 may be arranged around the entire periphery of the building, with the wooden structural member 2 located inside, as opposed to Fig. 5(b).

[0042] 6(a), the length of the wooden frame section 2 in the x direction may be shorter than that of the high-rigidity frame section 3. In this case, a horizontal damper 4 is placed between a rigid frame 30 of a part of the high-rigidity frame section 3 in the x direction and the rigid frame 20 of the wooden frame section 2.

[0043] On the other hand, Figure 6(b) shows a case where wooden frame sections 2 are provided on both sides of high-rigidity frame section 3, with the x-direction length of high-rigidity frame section 3 being shorter than that of wooden frame section 2, and Figure 6(c) shows a case where high-rigidity frame sections 3 are provided on both sides of wooden frame section 2, with the x-direction length of wooden frame section 2 being shorter than that of high-rigidity frame section 3. In the example of Figure 6(b), a rigid frame frame 20 in the y direction is located at the x-direction end of wooden frame section 2, and horizontal dampers 4 are placed between this rigid frame frame 20 and the y-direction rigid frame frame 30 of high-rigidity frame section 3, so that vibrations in the y direction of the building can also be absorbed by the difference in y-direction displacement between wooden frame section 2 and high-rigidity frame section 3.

[0044] 7, the installation range in the x direction of the wooden frame section 2 may be different from that of the high-rigidity frame section 3. In this case, too, horizontal dampers 4 can be placed between the x-direction rigid frame 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3 and the x-direction rigid frame 20 of the wooden frame section 2 to absorb vibrations in the x direction of the building. In the example of FIG. 7, as in FIG. 6(b), the y-direction rigid frame 20 is present at the end of the x direction of the wooden frame section 2, and by placing horizontal dampers 4 between this rigid frame 20 and the y-direction rigid frame 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3, vibrations in the y direction of the building can also be absorbed.

[0045] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 8, instead of providing a y-direction beam connecting the x-direction rigid frame 30 of the high-rigidity structural section 3 and the x-direction rigid frame 20 of the timber structural section 2, horizontal dampers 4a, such as oil dampers or steel dampers, can be placed between the rigid frame 20 and 30 to connect them. In this case, the difference in x-direction displacement between the timber structural section 2 and the high-rigidity structural section 3 during an earthquake can be utilized to damp vibrations. The timber structural section 2 is used as a facade. The space between the rigid frame 20 and 30 can be used for balconies or equipment shafts. In this case, the floor edge details that allow for relative displacement of the rigid frame 20 and 30 can be realized with a simple structure. The floor slab 6 of the high-rigidity structural section 3 does not affect the relative displacement of the rigid frame 20 and 30, making installation easy.

[0046] By combining these layout patterns, the present invention can be applied to buildings with a variety of uses, functions, floor plans, and designs. There are no particular restrictions on the floor plan size or height of the building. For example, the patterns shown in Figures 5(c) and 6(c) are excellent in maintainability by placing the wooden frame 2, which has poor weather resistance, inside the building. On the other hand, although there is no benefit in improving the design of the building's facade, the wooden space can increase comfort in interior living spaces where light is difficult to reach.

[0047] In addition to the horizontal dampers 4 and 4a, as shown in Figure 9, the floor slab 6a provided on the high-rigidity frame 3 may be configured as a double floor, with horizontal dampers 7 and seismic isolation devices 8 placed between the lower floor 60-1 and the upper floor 60-2. This allows the building vibrations to be further absorbed by the relative displacement of the upper floor 60-2 relative to the lower floor 60-1, similar to a Tuned Mass Damper (TMD). This further reduces the rigidity and strength required of the wooden frame 2. The horizontal dampers 7 are placed along each side of the floor slab 6a in the x and y directions to absorb vibrations in a balanced manner. The above configuration can also be applied to a floor slab when one is provided on the wooden frame 2.

[0048] In this invention, the seismic isolation frame 1 is formed by combining the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3, but as a different configuration, a frame section that does not use wooden materials and has lower rigidity than the high-rigidity frame section 3 can be used instead of the wooden frame section 2. In this case, the frame section also has a rigid frame structure with columns and beams, but the columns and beams are of a structural type that does not use wooden materials, such as reinforced concrete or steel. These structural types can also be combined, for example, by using reinforced concrete for the columns and steel for the beams.

[0049] While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to these examples. It is clear that those skilled in the art can conceive of various modifications or alterations within the scope of the technical ideas disclosed herein, and it is understood that these modifications also fall within the technical scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0050] 1: Vibration control frame 2: Wooden frame part 3: Highly rigid frame part 4, 4a, 7: Horizontal damper 6, 6a: Floor slab 8: Seismic isolation device 20, 30: Rahmen frame

Claims

1. a wooden frame section formed using wooden materials, the wooden frame section having a rigid frame with a structural surface in one direction in a plane; a high-rigidity frame section having a rigid frame structure with a structural surface in the one direction and higher rigidity in the one direction than the wooden frame section; and A seismic control structure characterized in that the rigid frame structure of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame structure of the high-rigidity frame section, which are separated in a direction different from the one direction in a plan view, are connected via a horizontal damper installed in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal damper absorbs vibrations in the one direction by utilizing the difference in displacement in the one direction between the wooden frame section and the high-rigidity frame section.

2. 2. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1, wherein the wooden frame section is arranged on the outer periphery of the building.

3. 2. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal damper is provided below the deck slab between the rigid frame structure of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame structure of the high-rigidity frame section in plan view.

4. 4. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 3, wherein the floor slab is edged off from at least one of the rigid frame structure of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame structure of the high-rigidity frame section.

5. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the floor slab provided in the wooden frame section or the high-rigidity frame section is a double floor, and a seismic isolation device and a damper are provided between the upper floor and the lower floor.

6. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal damper is a horizontal brace damper and is arranged diagonally between the rigid frame structure of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame structure of the high-rigidity frame section in a plan view.

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