Terminal and communication method

Abstract

To provide a terminal and a communication method that can appropriately communicate when multiple communications, including communications in an A-IoT communication system, overlap.SOLUTION: A terminal includes a control unit that, when an overlap occurs between a portion of a first communication operation and a second communication operation different from the first communication operation, determines a communication operation to be performed between the portion of the first communication operation and the second communication operation, and a communication unit that performs the communication operation determined by the control unit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 27

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal and a communication method. [Background technology]

[0002] For NR (New Radio) (also known as "5G"), the successor system to LTE (Long Term Evolution), technologies are being considered that meet the requirements of a large-capacity system, high-speed data transmission speed, low latency, simultaneous connection of a large number of terminals, low cost, and low power consumption (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

[0003] Furthermore, Release 18 (Rel-18) of 3GPP (registered trademark) is considering Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2). Ambient IoT targets devices with extremely simple configurations for low-end IoT applications that operate with extremely low power consumption. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] 3GPP TS 38.300 V17.3.0 (2022-12) [Non-patent document 2] “Revised SID on Ambient IoT”, RP-232404, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #101, September 2023 [Non-patent document 3] 3GPP TR 38.848 V1.0.0 (2023-09) [Non-patent document 4] 3GPP TS 36.211 V16.8.0 (2023-09) [Non-Patent Document 5] “Study on solutions for Ambient IoT (Internet of Things) in NR”, RP-234058, 3GPP TSG RAN Meeting #102, December 2023 Summary of the Invention

[0005] In an A-IoT communication system that includes ambient IoT devices, multiple communications, including communications in the A-IoT communication system, may overlap with each other.

[0006] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a terminal and a communication method that can communicate appropriately when multiple communications, including communications in an A-IoT communication system, overlap.

[0007] A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a control unit that, when an overlap occurs between a portion of a first communication operation and a second communication operation different from the first communication operation, determines a communication operation to be performed between the portion of the first communication operation and the second communication operation, and a communication unit that performs the communication operation determined by the control unit. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating Topology 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating Topology 2. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating topology 3 in DL support. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating Topology 3 in UL support. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating Topology 4. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating backscatter transmission. [Figure 8]1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating examples of candidate topologies for CW / R2D / D2R transmission in Topology 1. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a candidate topology for CW / R2D / D2R transmission in topology 2. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of cooperation between LTE and NR. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of power sharing. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of simultaneous transmission. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of Case 1 of Related Art 2. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of overlap in the DT case. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of overlap in the case of DO-DTT. [Figure 16] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example in which method α-1 is applied to the case shown in FIG. 14. [Figure 17] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example in which method α-2 is applied to the case shown in FIG. 14. [Figure 18] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example in which method α-3 is applied to the case shown in FIG. 14. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of overlap in the DT case. [Figure 20] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of overlap in the case of DO-DTT. [Figure 21] FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example in which method β-1 is applied to the case shown in FIG. 19. [Figure 22] FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example in which method β-2 is applied to the case shown in FIG. 19. [Figure 23] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of comparing each option of Proposal 1. [Figure 24] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of comparing each option of Proposal 1A. [Figure 25] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of comparing each option of Proposal 1B. [Figure 26]FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 27] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 28] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a base station and a device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 29] 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, an embodiment according to one aspect of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is an example, and the embodiment to which the present disclosure is applied is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0010] In operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, existing technologies are used as appropriate. The existing technologies are, for example, existing LTE or NR, but are not limited to existing LTE or NR. Furthermore, the term "LTE" as used in this specification has a broad meaning including LTE-Advanced and systems beyond LTE-Advanced, unless otherwise specified.

[0011] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure described below, terms used in existing LTE, such as SS (synchronization signal), PSS (primary SS), SSS (secondary SS), PBCH (physical broadcast channel), PRACH (physical random access channel), PDCCH (physical downlink control channel), PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel), PUCCH (physical uplink control channel), and PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel), are used. This is for convenience of description, and similar signals, functions, etc. may be referred to by other names. Furthermore, the above-mentioned terms in NR correspond to NR-SS, NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, NR-PRACH, etc. However, even signals used in NR are not necessarily designated as "NR-".

[0012] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the duplex method may be a time division duplex (TDD) method, a frequency division duplex (FDD) method, or another method (for example, flexible duplex, etc.).

[0013] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, "configuring" radio parameters, etc. may mean that predetermined values ​​are pre-configured, or that radio parameters notified from a base station, device, terminal, etc. are set.

[0014] (Embodiment) <Wireless communication system> FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the wireless communication system 1 includes a base station 10 and a device 20. While FIG. 1 illustrates one base station 10 and one device 20, this is merely an example, and multiple base stations and devices may exist. A base station may also be referred to as a BS (Base Station), gNB, or the like. The device 20 may be considered a form of terminal (UE: User Equipment) and may be an ambient IoT device, which is a device with lower complexity than an NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things) device. The ambient IoT device may also be referred to as an ambient IoT terminal, ambient IoT UE, or the like.

[0015] The base station 10 is a communication device that provides one or more cells and performs wireless communication with the device 20. The physical resources of a wireless signal are defined in the time domain and the frequency domain. The time domain may be defined by the number of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. The frequency domain may be defined by the number of subcarriers or the number of resource blocks (RBs).

[0016] The base station 10 transmits DL signals such as control information, setting information, and data to the device 20 via DL (Downlink). The base station 10 receives UL signals such as control information, information related to the processing capability of the device 20 (device capability (information) or A-IoT capability (information); for example, capability, device capability, A-IoT capability, A-IoT device capability, etc.), and data from the device 20 via UP (Uplink).

[0017] Channels used for transmitting DL signals include, for example, data channels and control channels. For example, the data channel may include a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), and the control channel may include a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). For example, the base station 10 transmits control information to the device 20 using the PDCCH, and transmits DL data signals using the PDSCH. Note that the PDSCH is an example of a downlink shared channel or a data channel, and the PDCCH is an example of a downlink control channel. The PDCCH may be interpreted as downlink control information (DCI), control information, etc. transmitted in the PDCCH.

[0018] As will be described later, the wireless communication system may include intermediate nodes, assisting nodes, and / or terminals (UEs) (see <Device Types and Topologies> below). Note that, hereinafter, "and / or" may be written simply as " / ".

[0019] The device 20 is a communication device equipped with a wireless communication function, and may be an ambient IoT device (e.g., a sensor, etc.) as described above. Hereinafter, the ambient IoT device will also be referred to as an A-IoT UE.

[0020] The device 20 receives DL signals such as control signals, setting information, and data from the base station 10 via DL, and transmits UL signals such as control signals, capability information of the device 20, and data to the base station 10 via UL.

[0021] Channels used for transmitting UL signals include, for example, data channels and control channels. For example, the data channel may include a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), and the control channel may include a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH). For example, device 20 transmits control information using the PUCCH and transmits UL data signals using the PUSCH. Note that the PUSCH is an example of an uplink shared channel or a data channel, and the PUCCH is an example of an uplink control channel. Note that the PUSCH or PUCCH may be interpreted as uplink control information (UCI), control information, etc. transmitted in the PUSCH or PUCCH.

[0022] <Ambient IoT> Rel-18 approved the study of ambient IoT (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2), which is even lower-end than the existing NB-IoT (see, for example, Section 10 of Non-Patent Document 4). Ambient IoT targets ultra-low power consumption and ultra-low complexity devices.

[0023] Ambient IoT may consider, for example, the following deployment scenarios and characteristics for relevant use cases: Indoor or outdoor environment Base station type, e.g., macro / micro / pico cell-based deployment The connectivity topology, e.g., which nodes (e.g., base stations, terminals (UE), relays, and repeaters) communicate with the ambient IoT devices - Duplexing method: TDD or FDD, frequency band: licensed or unlicensed Coexistence with UE and network equipment in frequency bands for existing 3GPP technologies - Traffic assumptions for outgoing / incoming traffic from the device

[0024] Based on the above deployment scenarios and characteristics, for example, the following RAN design targets can be formulated: ·Power consumption Complexity ·coverage Data rate Positioning accuracy

[0025] Based on deployment scenarios appropriate for the relevant use cases, compare and evaluate the feasibility of meeting design targets and identify supporting features.

[0026] <Device type and topology> Based on the results of the study items, TR 38.848 (Non-Patent Document 3) was approved. TR 38.848 considers the following categories of ambient IoT devices: Device A: Device A has no power (energy) storage, no independent signal generation and amplification functions, and performs backscattering transmission. Device B: Device B has power storage, does not have the capability of independent signal generation, and performs backscatter transmission. Device B uses the stored power to amplify the reflected signal. Device C: Device C has power storage, is capable of independent signal generation, and has active RF (radio frequency) components for transmission.

[0027] The complexity of device A is assumed to be about the same as that of RFID (radio frequency identification).

[0028] TR 38.848 defines the following topologies 1 to 4 in an ambient IoT network.

[0029] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating Topology 1. As shown in Figure 2, Topology 1 is a configuration in which a base station (BS) and an ambient IoT device communicate with each other. The ambient IoT device communicates directly with the base station in both directions.

[0030] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating Topology 2. As shown in Figure 3, Topology 2 is a configuration in which a base station and an ambient IoT device communicate via an intermediate node. The ambient IoT device performs bidirectional communication with the intermediate node located between the base station and the ambient IoT device. The intermediate node may be, for example, a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a UE, a repeater, etc.

[0031] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating Topology 3 in DL assistance. As shown in Figure 4, Topology 3 is a configuration including communication between a base station and an assisting node, communication between the assisting node and an ambient IoT device, and communication between the ambient IoT device and a base station.

[0032] The support node supports DL communication. For example, as shown in Figure 4, the support node receives DL signals from the base station and transmits the received DL signals to the ambient IoT device. For UL communication, the ambient IoT device transmits UL signals directly to the base station.

[0033] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating Topology 3 in UL support. As shown in Figure 5, Topology 3 is a configuration including communication between a base station and a support node, communication between a support node and an ambient IoT device, and communication between an ambient IoT device and a base station.

[0034] The support node supports UL communication. For example, as shown in Figure 5, the support node receives UL signals from the ambient IoT device and transmits the received UL signals to the base station. For DL ​​communication, the ambient IoT device receives DL signals directly from the base station.

[0035] The supporting nodes shown in Figures 4 and 5 may be, for example, relays, IAB nodes, UEs, repeaters, etc.

[0036] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating Topology 4. Topology 4 is a configuration in which a UE and an ambient IoT device communicate with each other. The ambient IoT device performs bidirectional communication with the UE. Communication related to Topology 4 may be considered as sidelink (SL) communication.

[0037] In the above topologies 1 to 4, the ambient IoT device may be provided with a carrier wave from another node inside or outside the topology (see Section 4.2.1 of Non-Patent Document 3).

[0038] The wireless communication system 1 (wireless communication network) may include a base station, a support node, an intermediate node, and / or a terminal (UE of Topology 4) in addition to the device 20. In this specification, the base station, the support node, the intermediate node, and the terminal may be read as a network or a (network) node. Also, an A-IoT device may be simply referred to as A-IoT.

[0039] <Backscatter transmission> Base stations, intermediate nodes, support nodes, and other nodes transmit RF signals to ambient IoT devices, which are activated and obtain power from the RF operating fields from the base stations, intermediate nodes, support nodes, and other nodes via inductive coupling.

[0040] The ambient IoT device backscatters and modulates the RF signals received from the base station, intermediate node, support node, and other nodes by switching the reflection coefficient of the device's antenna, and transmits information to the base station, intermediate node, support node, and other nodes.

[0041] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating backscatter transmission. FIG. 7 shows an example in which an ambient IoT device performs ON-OFF keying and transmits information. The dashed line area in FIG. 7 indicates an OFF section, which may correspond to the information (bit) "0." A sine wave signal may correspond to the information "1."

[0042] <Rel-19 SID> The Rel-19 SID (Study Item Description) examined solutions necessary and feasible for A-IoT (see Section 4.1 of Non-Patent Document 5). The examined solutions include, for example, determining which functions, procedures, etc. are necessary and which functions, procedures, etc. are not.

[0043] Additionally, for the DL and UL of A-IoT, several issues will be discussed under the leadership of RAN 1. One of the issues to be discussed is the scheduling and timing relationship between DL and UL in A-IoT. In discussing the scheduling and timing relationship, the following 1. traffic flow, 2. device assumptions, and 3. topology can be considered.

[0044] 1. Traffic Flow The following DT and DO-DTT are being considered as traffic flows for A-IoT.

[0045] DT (device terminated) As for traffic, there is transmission (DL) to the A-IoT UE, but there is no transmission (UL) from the A-IoT UE. In other words, there is information to be transmitted to the A-IoT UE, but there is no information to be transmitted from the A-IoT UE. DT corresponds to a command type, for example, in which there is an instruction such as a command to the A-IoT UE.

[0046] ·DO-DTT(device originated - device terminated triggered) Traffic includes triggers from the network (NW) and transmissions (UL) from the A-IoT UE. In other words, traffic includes information transmitted from the A-IoT UE. DO-DTT corresponds to, for example, a sensor information report type in which the A-IoT UE transmits sensor information collected by the A-IoT UE.

[0047] In this disclosure, transmitting information corresponds to transmitting a signal containing information or transmitting a signal. In this disclosure, transmitting to a certain device X corresponds to transmitting a signal (or information) to device X. In addition, transmitting from a certain device X and transmitting by a certain device X correspond to device X transmitting a signal (or information). In addition, receiving from a certain device X corresponds to receiving a signal (or information) transmitted by device X. In addition, receiving by a certain device X corresponds to device X receiving a signal (or information).

[0048] 2. Device Prerequisites For A-IoT UE, the following TX (transmission) and FR (frequency range) 1-FDD are assumed:

[0049] ·TX TX can be unamplified backscatter UL transmission, amplified backscatter UL transmission, or amplified general UL transmission.

[0050] FR1-FDD FR1-FDD is applied to the A-IoT UE, that is, the A-IoT UE can switch carrier frequencies between DL carriers and UL carriers. However, the present disclosure is not limited to FR1-FDD and may be applied to TDD, FR2, or FR3.

[0051] The frequency bands of each FR are, for example, as follows: FR1: 410MHz~7.125GHz FR2: 24.25GHz~52.6GHz FR3: 7.125GHz~24.25GHz

[0052] FR1 may use a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, or 60 kHz, and a bandwidth (BW) of 5 to 100 MHz. FR2 is a higher frequency than FR1, and may use an SCS of 60 kHz or 120 kHz (including 240 kHz), and a bandwidth (BW) of 50 to 400 MHz.

[0053] 3. Topology Among the topologies shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, attention is focused on Topology 1 and Topology 2.

[0054] In Topology 1, UL and / or DL ​​communication is performed between a base station and an A-IoT UE without passing through an intermediate node. Note that the base station in the case of Topology 1 may correspond to a microcell.

[0055] In Topology 2, communication is performed between a base station and an A-IoT UE via an intermediate node. The A-IoT UE performs bidirectional communication with the intermediate node located between the base station and the A-IoT UE. Note that the base station in Topology 2 may correspond to a macrocell. The Topology 2 case may also be applied to indoor cases. Hereinafter, the intermediate node will also be referred to as intermediate UE, int.UE (intermediate UE), etc.

[0056] <Device Type> Three device types are defined for A-IoT devices: Device 1, Device 2a, and Device 2b.

[0057] Device 1 (may also be referred to as Type 1) Device 1 is a device type that consumes a peak power of 1 μW or less. Device 1 has an energy storage and an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to Z ppm (parts per million), where Z is 10 to the power of x (x is an integer greater than or equal to 0). Device 1 does not have any amplification in either DL or UL. UL transmission in Device 1 is performed by backscattering an externally provided carrier wave (CW), i.e., an unmodulated wave.

[0058] Device 2a (also referred to as Type 2a) The device 2a is a device type that consumes a peak power of several hundred μW. The device 2a has an energy storage and an initial sampling frequency offset of up to Z [ppm] (Z is 10 to the power x (x is an integer equal to or greater than 0)). The device 2a also performs DL and / or UL amplification. The UL transmission in the device 2a is performed by backscattering in a CW provided from an external device.

[0059] Device 2b (also called Type 2b) Device 2b is a device type that consumes a peak power of several hundred μW. Device 2b has energy storage and an initial sampling frequency offset of up to Z [ppm] (Z is 10 to the power x (x is an integer equal to or greater than 0)). DL and / or UL amplification is performed in device 2b. UL transmission in device 2b is performed internally within device 2b. In other words, UL transmission in device 2b does not need to be performed by backscattering in CW provided from an external source.

[0060] <Candidate Topology> Next, we describe candidate topologies for CW / R2D / D2R transmission.

[0061] Fig. 8 is a diagram showing examples of candidate topologies for CW / R2D / D2R transmission in Topology 1. Fig. 8 shows Topology 1A, Topology 1B, Topology 1C, Topology 1D, and Topology 1E as examples of candidate topologies.

[0062] As shown in Figure 8, in topologies 1A to 1E, CW / R2D communication signals (sometimes referred to as "R2D" in Figure 8 and below) / D2R communication signals (sometimes referred to as "D2R" in Figure 8 and below) can be sent and received to A-IoT devices.

[0063] In this embodiment, DL and R2D (reader to device) may be interchangeable, and UL and D2R (device to reader) may be interchangeable, where reader corresponds to BS and / or intermediate UE, and device corresponds to A-IoT device.

[0064] In Topology 1A, the node (first BS) that transmits the CW is different from the node (second BS) that receives the D2R communication signal transmitted by the A-IoT device via backscattering, and the node that transmits the CW is the same as the node that transmits the R2D communication signal. Also, the node that transmits the R2D communication signal is different from the node that receives the D2R communication signal transmitted by the A-IoT device via backscattering. In other words, the R in R2D is different from the R in D2R.

[0065] In Topology 1B, the node (BS) that transmits the CW, the node that transmits the R2D communication signal, and the node that receives the D2R communication signal transmitted by the A-IoT device via backscattering are the same.

[0066] In Topology 1C, the node transmitting the CW (CW node) is different from the node transmitting the R2D communication signal (BS). Also, in Topology 1C, the node transmitting the CW is different from the node receiving the D2R communication signal transmitted by the A-IoT device via backscattering (BS). Also, in Topology 1C, the node transmitting the R2D communication signal is the same as the node receiving the D2R communication signal transmitted by the A-IoT device via backscattering (BS). In other words, the R in R2D and the R in D2R are the same. Note that the CW node may be a BS, (intermediate) UE, IAB node, NCR (network-controlled repeater) node, relay node, or other type of node.

[0067] In Topology 1D, the node (BS) that transmits the R2D communication signal is the same as the node that receives the D2R communication signal generated and transmitted by the A-IoT device. That is, R in R2D is the same as R in D2R.

[0068] In Topology 1E, the node (first BS) that transmits the R2D communication signal is different from the node (second BS) that receives the D2R communication signal generated and transmitted by the A-IoT device. In other words, R in R2D is different from R in D2R.

[0069] Fig. 9 is a diagram showing examples of candidate topologies for CW / R2D / D2R transmission in Topology 2. Fig. 9 shows Topology 2A, Topology 2B, Topology 2C, Topology 2D, and Topology 2E as examples of candidate topologies.

[0070] As shown in Figure 9, in topologies 2A to 2E, CW / R2D communication signals (denoted as "R2D" in Figure 9) / D2R communication signals (denoted as "D2R" in Figure 9) can be sent and received to A-IoT devices.

[0071] In Topology 2A, the node transmitting the CW (first intermediate UE) is different from the node receiving the D2R communication signal transmitted by the A-IoT device via backscattering (second intermediate UE), and the node transmitting the CW is the same as the node transmitting the R2D communication signal. Also, the node transmitting the R2D communication signal is different from the node receiving the D2R communication signal transmitted by the A-IoT device via backscattering. In other words, the R in R2D is different from the R in D2R.

[0072] In Topology 2B, the node that transmits the CW (intermediate UE), the node that transmits the R2D communication signal, and the node that receives the D2R communication signal transmitted by the A-IoT device via backscattering are the same.

[0073] In Topology 2C, the node transmitting the CW (CW node) is different from the node transmitting the R2D communication signal (intermediate UE). Also, in Topology 1C, the node transmitting the CW is different from the node receiving the D2R communication signal transmitted by the A-IoT device via backscattering (BS). Also, in Topology 1C, the node transmitting the R2D communication signal is the same as the node receiving the D2R communication signal transmitted by the A-IoT device via backscattering. In other words, the R in R2D and the R in D2R are the same. Note that the CW node may be a BS / (intermediate) UE / IAB node / NCR node / relay node / other type of node.

[0074] In topology 2D, the node (intermediate UE) that transmits the signal of R2D communication is the same as the node that receives the signal of D2R communication generated and transmitted by the A-IoT device. That is, R in R2D is the same as R in D2R.

[0075] In topology 2E, the node (first intermediate UE) that transmits the signal of R2D communication is different from the node (second intermediate UE) that receives the signal of D2R communication generated and transmitted by the A-IoT device. That is, R in R2D is different from R in D2R.

[0076] <Simultaneous Transmission and Power Sharing in NR> Here, an example of the feasibility of simultaneous transmission and power sharing in NR will be described.

[0077] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of cooperation between LTE and NR. In FIG. 10, an example of cooperation of a UE in NR between an eNB of LTE and a gNB of NR is shown. In the example of FIG. 10, the UE in NR switches the transmission destination of UL transmission between the eNB of LTE and the gNB of NR.

[0078] For EN-DC (E-UTRA NR Dual Connectivity) as illustrated in FIG. 10, when the UE performs UL transmission simultaneously on different carriers, there is a concern about IMD that may affect DL reception depending on the band combination. Therefore, EN-DC single UL transmission that can avoid simultaneous UL transmission between LTE and NR is supported in Release 15 (Rel-15).

[0079] In this case, the UE may report, as its capabilities, whether it supports single UL transmission for each possible combination of EN-DC band combinations, or whether it supports simultaneous UL transmission for each possible combination of EN-DC band combinations.

[0080] Fig. 11 is a diagram showing an example of power sharing. Fig. 11 shows the maximum power P NR and the maximum LTE power P LTE 10 shows a power state #1 obtained by adding the above and a power state #2 obtained after power sharing has been performed on the state #1.

[0081] For example, the maximum power P of NR NR and the maximum power of LTE, P LTE and the total maximum power P total are set / defined individually.

[0082] In this setting / definition, P NR +P LTE >P total and if the UE supports dynamic power sharing, the UE shall total For example, as shown in state #2 of FIG. 11, the UE drops the NR transmission power so that the total transmission power does not exceed P total The NR transmission power is dropped so as not to exceed

[0083] In this setting / definition, P NR +P LTE >P total If the UE does not support dynamic power sharing, the UE does not transmit for NR in a slot where UL transmission is allocated for LTE, i.e., in this case, LTE and NR are time division multiplexed (TDM).

[0084] <Related Technology 1> In the present disclosure, multiple transmissions that may be simultaneous transmissions at an intermediate UE are at least one of the following patterns a to e. Note that an A-IoT device may simply be referred to as a device. Furthermore, the multiple transmissions indicated by the following patterns a to e do not have to be simultaneous transmissions. Pattern a: Multiple R2Ds to multiple A-IoT devices (e.g., PRDCH, R2D synchronization acquisition signal, time acquisition signal) Pattern b: R2D to one or more A-IoT devices and UL to gNB or parent node Pattern c: CW to one or more A-IoT devices and R2D to one or more A-IoT devices Pattern d: CW to one or more A-IoT devices and UL to a gNB or parent node Pattern e: A combination of two or more of the above a to d

[0085] In addition, the UL to the gNB or parent node may be NR-Uu.

[0086] Note that "simultaneous transmission" in this disclosure refers to any one of the following: Simultaneous transmission corresponds to two or more transmissions that partially or fully overlap in the time domain. Simultaneous transmission corresponds to two or more transmissions that do not overlap in the time domain but are sent within the same time unit, which may be, for example, an NR slot or some other time unit. Simultaneous transmission corresponds to two or more transmissions without a sufficient gap. Note that the gap here may be a gap in the time domain or a gap in the frequency domain. For example, simultaneous transmission may be two or more transmissions that are frequency multiplexed within the same time resource or the same time unit, two or more transmissions that are code division multiplexed within the same time resource or the same time unit, or two or more transmissions that are code division multiplexed and frequency division multiplexed within the same time resource or the same time unit. Note that frequency division multiplexing is referred to as FDM, and code division multiplexing is referred to as CDM. Time division multiplexing is referred to as TDM.

[0087] Fig. 12 is a diagram showing an example of simultaneous transmission. Fig. 12 shows four cases, Case 1 to Case 4, included in the simultaneous transmission. The horizontal axis in each of the four cases indicates the time axis. Note that the four cases in Fig. 12 exemplarily show simultaneous R2D transmission and UL transmission, which corresponds to the above-mentioned pattern b.

[0088] Case 1 corresponds to the case where simultaneous transmission means two or more transmissions that partially overlap in the time domain. Case 2 corresponds to the case where simultaneous transmission means two or more transmissions that fully overlap in the time domain. Case 3 corresponds to the case where simultaneous transmission means two or more transmissions that do not overlap in the time domain but are transmitted within the same time unit. Case 4 corresponds to the case where simultaneous transmission means two or more transmissions without a sufficient gap.

[0089] In other words, simultaneous transmission may correspond to multiple transmissions within a particular time period, or multiple transmissions within a particular period of time.

[0090] In the frequency domain, simultaneous transmissions may refer to two or more transmissions within the same band. Alternatively, simultaneous transmissions may refer to two or more transmissions in different bands. Intra-band transmissions are referred to as "intra-band," and inter-band transmissions are referred to as "inter-band."

[0091] Next, we will explain whether the intermediate UE and / or CW node supports simultaneous transmission. The intermediate UE and / or CW node will be referred to as an intermediate UE / CW node. The intermediate UE and the CW node may be interchangeable.

[0092] <Case where intermediate UE / CW nodes support simultaneous transmission> The following describes the case where the intermediate UE / CW node supports simultaneous transmission, for example, either option 1 or option 2 below applies to support of simultaneous transmission.

[0093] <Option 1> In option 1, the intermediate UE / CW node supports simultaneous transmission. For example, simultaneous transmission of at least one of the above patterns a to e is supported by the intermediate UE / CW node.

[0094] For option 1, the intermediate UE / CW nodes may each support simultaneous transmission.

[0095] <Option 2> In option 2, intermediate UEs / CW nodes may report whether they support simultaneous transmission.

[0096] In the case of Option 2, the intermediate UE / CW nodes may or may not support simultaneous transmission. In other words, among the intermediate UE / CW nodes, there may be intermediate UE / CW nodes that support simultaneous transmission and intermediate UE / CW nodes that do not support simultaneous transmission.

[0097] In option 2, the intermediate UE / CW node reports whether it supports TDM and / or FDM for at least one of patterns a through e, or whether it supports TDM and / or FDM for each of two or more of patterns a through e.

[0098] In option 2, multiplexing of at least one of patterns a to e is supported in a TDM manner as a basic capability of the intermediate UE / CW node.

[0099] In option 2, the intermediate UE / CW node may report which of the simultaneous transmissions from pattern a to pattern e it supports.

[0100] Whether Option 1 or Option 2 is applied may vary depending on the band combination (BC). Note that the intermediate UE / CW node may report its capability for each BC. Note that the BC here may be a combination of the A-IoT R2D transmission band and the NR-Uu UL band. For example, Option 2 is applied when the BC for R2D transmission and UL transmission is a specific BC. In this case, Option 1 may be applied when the BC for R2D transmission and UL transmission is a BC other than the specific BC.

[0101] Whether Option 1 or Option 2 above applies may differ depending on whether the transmissions are intraband or interband. For example, in the intraband case, Option 1 applies, and in the interband case, Option 2 applies.

[0102] <Case where intermediate UE / CW nodes do not support simultaneous transmission> If the intermediate UE / CW node does not support simultaneous transmission, either option 1 or option 2 below applies.

[0103] <Option 1> In option 1, intermediate UE / CW nodes do not expect multiple transmissions to be scheduled at the same time. In option 1, scheduling devices such as leaders, NWs, etc. do not schedule multiple transmissions at the same time.

[0104] <Option 2> In option 2, multiple simultaneous transmissions are scheduled. That is, in option 2, intermediate UE / CW nodes expect multiple simultaneous transmissions to be scheduled. In option 2, a scheduling device such as a leader or NW schedules multiple simultaneous transmissions. In option 2, when multiple simultaneous transmissions are scheduled, either option 2-1 or option 2-2 below is applied to how the multiple transmissions are handled.

[0105] <Option 2-1> A priority rule is specified. For example, if two transmissions, transmission A and transmission B, are scheduled for simultaneous transmission, at least one of the two transmissions may be executed according to the priority rule. For example, if transmission A has priority over transmission B, transmission A is executed. In this case, transmission B is not executed (is dropped).

[0106] For example, the priority is determined based on the following rules: In the following description, "a" > "b" indicates that a has a higher priority than b. · Transmissions to be performed and / or dropped may be determined based on the channel type and signal type priority of overlapping transmissions. · Decisions may be made as to which transmissions are performed and / or dropped based on the priority of the traffic flows of the overlapping transmissions. Based on the priority of the instruction / setting, the transmission to be performed and / or the transmission to be dropped may be determined. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "transmission of a signal having an instruction of a relatively high priority" > "transmission of a signal having an instruction of a relatively low priority." A transmission to be performed and / or a transmission to be dropped may be determined based on the priority of the transmission timing. For example, the priority may be set as "a transmission that starts transmission relatively early" > "a transmission that starts transmission relatively late." Based on the priority of the scheduling timing, the transmission to be performed and / or the transmission to be dropped may be determined. For example, the priority may be set as "transmission corresponding to relatively late scheduling" > "transmission corresponding to relatively early scheduling."

[0107] "Drop" may be replaced with "postpone." In this case, the above "transmission to be executed" and "transmission to be dropped" may be replaced with "transmission to be executed without being postponed" and "transmission to be executed with being postponed," respectively.

[0108] For example, at least one of the following rules may be applied: · NR-Uu UL is prioritized over other transmissions. · NR-Uu UL is not prioritized over other transmissions. A-IoT R2D takes priority over other transmissions. A-IoT R2D does not prioritize transmissions over other transmissions. A-IoT CW has priority over other transmissions. A-IoT CW does not take priority over other transmissions. A-IoT paging takes priority over other transmissions.

[0109] <Option 2-2> In option 2-2, one or more transmissions in the simultaneous transmissions are skipped by an intermediate UE / CW node, e.g., the intermediate UE / CW node decides which transmissions in the simultaneous transmissions to drop.

[0110] <Related Technology 2> When an intermediate UE / CW node supports simultaneous transmission of at least one of patterns a to e, dynamic power sharing among multiple transmissions is supported. Related art 2 describes dynamic power sharing when simultaneous transmission is supported.

[0111] In the following, we will exemplify pattern d, i.e., simultaneous transmission of R2D to an A-IoT device and UL to a gNB or parent node. In other words, we will exemplify whether or not dynamic power sharing between A-IoT power and NR power is supported.

[0112] <Prerequisites for Related Technology 2> The maximum power consumption of A-IoT is P AIoT The maximum power of NR is P NR The total maximum power is expressed as P total It is written as P AIoT , P NR , and ,P total may be set or defined individually.

[0113] Here, "P AIoT +P NR >P total ", power adjustment is required. In this case, there are two cases depending on whether dynamic power sharing is supported or not.

[0114] <Related Technology 2 Case 1> In Related Art 2, "P AIoT +P NR >P total" and the intermediate UE / CW node supports dynamic power sharing is called Case 1. In this Case 1, one of the following Option 1 or Option 2 is applied.

[0115] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of Case 1 of Related Art 2. FIG. 13 illustrates examples of Option 1 to Option 3 of Case 1 of Related Art 2 described above. Option 1 to Option 3 in FIG. 13 illustrate the maximum power P of NR before power sharing is performed. NR and the maximum power P of A-IoT AIoT 10 shows a power state #1 obtained by adding the above and a power state #2 obtained after power sharing has been performed on the state #1.

[0116] <Option 1> In option 1, the intermediate UE / CW node transmits the total transmit power P total The R2D transmission power of A-IoT is dropped so that it does not exceed P. Then, by dynamic power sharing, the total transmission power is total With their respective powers adjusted not to exceed , the intermediate UE / CW nodes may simultaneously perform R2D transmissions to the A-IoT device and UL transmissions to the gNB or parent node.

[0117] <Option 2> The intermediate UE / CW node transmits the total power P total The NR transmission power is dropped so that it does not exceed P. Then, by dynamic power sharing, the total transmission power is total With their respective powers adjusted not to exceed , the intermediate UE / CW nodes may simultaneously perform R2D transmissions to the A-IoT device and UL transmissions to the gNB or parent node.

[0118] <Option 3> The intermediate UE / CW node transmits the total power P total Both the R2D transmission power of A-IoT and the transmission power of NR are dropped so that they do not exceed P. Then, by dynamic power sharing, the total transmission power is totalThe intermediate UE / CW node may simultaneously perform R2D transmission to the A-IoT device and UL transmission to the gNB or parent node, with their respective powers adjusted so as not to exceed . Note that in Option 3, how to adjust the A-IoT R2D transmission power and NR transmission power may be specified by the specification or instructed by the network.

[0119] In addition, in the above options 1 to 3, NR transmission or A-IoT R2D transmission may be replaced with CW transmission.

[0120] Furthermore, the case of related technology 1 uses pattern d, i.e., dynamic power sharing in simultaneous transmission of R2D to an A-IoT device and UL to a gNB or parent node, as an example, but the present disclosure is not limited to this.

[0121] For example, consider pattern c, i.e., dynamic power sharing in simultaneous transmission of CW to one or more A-IoT devices and R2D to one or more A-IoT devices. In this example, in the above options 1 to 3, the power of NR transmission, "P NR ” is the power of CW transmission “P CW ". In Option 1, the intermediate UE / CW node may be configured to transmit at a total power of P total In option 2, the intermediate UE / CW node drops the R2D transmit power of the A-IoT so that the total transmit power does not exceed P total The transmit power P of CW transmission should not exceed CW In option 3, the intermediate UE / CW node drops the total transmit power P total Both the A-IoT R2D transmit power and the transmit power of the CW transmission are dropped so that they do not exceed

[0122] Note that which of the above options 1 to 3 is applied may be specified by the specifications, may be set by the NW, or may be determined according to the capability of the intermediate UE / CW node.

[0123] Which of the above options 1 to 3 to apply may be determined according to a priority rule, which may be the same as the priority rule shown in option 1 of case 2 in related art 2 described later, for example.

[0124] <Related Technology 2 Case 2> In Related Art 2, "P AIoT +P NR >P total " and the intermediate UE / CW node does not support dynamic power sharing, this is referred to as Case 2 of Related Art 2. In this Case 2, one of the two transmissions is performed and the other is not performed, so that the total transmission power is P total For example, one of the following two options may be applied:

[0125] <Option 1> Prioritization rules are specified. For example, "P AIoT +P NR >P total " and the intermediate UE / CW node does not support dynamic power sharing, one of the A-IoT R2D transmission and UL transmission may be performed according to the priority rule. In this case, the other of the two transmissions will not be performed (will be dropped).

[0126] For example, the priority is determined based on the following rules: In the following description, "a" > "b" indicates that a has a higher priority than b. · Transmissions to be performed and / or dropped may be determined based on the channel type and signal type priority of overlapping transmissions. · Decisions may be made as to which transmissions are performed and / or dropped based on the priority of the traffic flows of the overlapping transmissions. Based on the priority of the instruction / setting, the transmission to be performed and / or the transmission to be dropped may be determined. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "transmission of a signal having an instruction of a relatively high priority" > "transmission of a signal having an instruction of a relatively low priority." A transmission to be performed and / or a transmission to be dropped may be determined based on the priority of the transmission timing. For example, the priority may be set as "a transmission that starts transmission relatively early" > "a transmission that starts transmission relatively late." Based on the priority of the scheduling timing, the transmission to be performed and / or the transmission to be dropped may be determined. For example, the priority may be set as "transmission corresponding to relatively late scheduling" > "transmission corresponding to relatively early scheduling."

[0127] For example, one of the following rules applies: · NR-Uu UL is prioritized over other transmissions. · NR-Uu UL is not prioritized over other transmissions. A-IoT R2D takes priority over other transmissions. A-IoT R2D does not prioritize transmissions over other transmissions. A-IoT CW has priority over other transmissions. A-IoT CW does not take priority over other transmissions. A-IoT paging takes priority over other transmissions.

[0128] <Option 2> In option 2, one of the two transmissions is skipped by the intermediate UE / CW node, e.g., the intermediate UE / CW node decides which of the two transmissions to drop.

[0129] Note that, in the above-mentioned Case 2 of Related Art 2, Pattern d, i.e., simultaneous transmission of R2D to an A-IoT device and UL to a gNB or parent node, is given as an example, but Case 2 of Related Art 2 may be applied to other patterns. For example, in Pattern c, i.e., a case where dynamic power sharing is not supported in simultaneous transmission of CW to one or more A-IoT devices and R2D to one or more A-IoT devices, in Option 1, one of the A-IoT R2D transmission and CW transmission may be executed according to the priority rule. In this case, the other of the two transmissions is not executed (dropped).

[0130] <Related Technology 3> Related Art 3 explains appropriate operations when communication as an int.UE overlaps with other communications. While the explanation mainly focuses on overlap in the physical layer, the explanation is not limited to this and may also be applied to overlap in a higher layer (e.g., MAC layer). Related Art 3 also explains specific processing times for an int.UE to perform signal processing, etc., and the relationship between communication as an int.UE and other communications.

[0131] In the following, the case where the other communication is communication between a UE and a base station (e.g., UL communication, DL communication) will be referred to as case α, and the case where the other communication is communication between UEs (e.g., SL communication) will be referred to as case β.

[0132] <Case α> For example, in Topology 2, when an int.UE transmits as an int.UE, other transmissions may occur at the int.UE, and the transmission as the int.UE and the other transmissions may overlap in time.

[0133] Here, the other transmission is a transmission independent of the operation as an int.UE. Hereinafter, the transmission independent of the operation as an int.UE may be referred to as an independent transmission (independent TX).

[0134] For example, in case α, independent transmission includes UL transmission as a UE. Hereinafter, uplink transmission as a UE, independent of operation as an int.UE, may be referred to as independent UL or independent UL transmission.

[0135] Here, for the above-mentioned overlap, the following two overlaps, overlap #A and overlap #B, are considered. Overlap #A: Independent UL and overlap with transmission from int.UE to A-IoT Overlap #B: Overlap between an independent UL and a UL for reporting communication between the int.UE and the A-IoT (e.g., transmission of signal R)

[0136] In addition, during overlap #A, transmission from int.UE to A-IoT includes transmission of at least one of the following signals: A signal to wake up the A-IoT UE and / or a carrier waveform provided to the A-IoT for backscattering (e.g., signal Y) Signal for transmitting information to A-IoT UE (e.g., signal Z) Note that signal Z may not contain information and may be a signal for backscatter transmission.

[0137] Figure 14 is a diagram showing an example of overlap in the DT case. Figure 14 shows the signal flow between the base station (gNB), int.UE, and A-IoT UE. Note that since this is the DT case in Topology 2, there is information transmission to the A-IoT UE, but there is no information transmission from the A-IoT UE.

[0138] Figure 14 shows an example where an independent UL and transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT overlap. Figure 14 also shows an example where an independent UL and a UL for reporting communication between an int.UE and an A-IoT overlap.

[0139] Figure 15 is a diagram showing an example of overlap in the case of DO-DTT. Figure 15 shows the signal flow between the base station (gNB), int.UE, and A-IoT UE. Note that since this is the case of DO-DTT in Topology 2, there is information transmission to the A-IoT UE and information transmission from the A-IoT UE.

[0140] Figure 15 shows an example where an independent UL and transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT overlap. Figure 15 also shows an example where an independent UL and a UL for reporting communication between an int.UE and an A-IoT overlap.

[0141] 14 and 15 show an example in which an independent UL and an UL for reporting communication between an int.UE and an A-IoT are executed to the same base station, but the present disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the destination of the independent UL and the destination of the UL for reporting communication between an int.UE and an A-IoT may be different base stations.

[0142] Note that in case α of this embodiment, overlap is not limited to overlap of actual timing. For example, in this embodiment, overlap may not be overlap of actual timing, but may include multiple transmissions in the same time unit (e.g., any one of a slot, a certain time interval, and a switching period). For example, taking overlap #A as an example, if an independent UL and a transmission from int.UE to A-IoT are instructed / configured to be performed in the same slot, it may be determined that the independent UL and the transmission from int.UE to A-IoT overlap. Furthermore, overlap may mean overlap at least in the time domain.

[0143] In topology 2, when an overlap of transmissions related to the operation of the int.UE occurs in the int.UE, the int.UE handles the overlap.

[0144] Specific methods for dealing with this are described below. Note that each of the methods described below may be applied to each overlap type (e.g., overlap #A and #B). Also, among the mechanisms of the methods described below, the mechanisms to be applied may differ between overlap types. Also, among the mechanisms of the methods described below, the mechanisms to be applied may be applied based on the capability of the int.UE.

[0145] <α-1. Simultaneous transmission method (hereinafter referred to as Method α-1)> In method α-1, overlapping transmissions are performed simultaneously. Note that in method α-1, transmission power may be allocated between overlapping transmissions. For example, a power allocation priority may be set. Higher transmission power may be allocated to transmissions with higher priority.

[0146] Figure 16 is a diagram showing an example in which method α-1 is applied to the case shown in Figure 14. Similar to Figure 14, Figure 16 shows the signal flow between the base station (gNB), int.UE, and A-IoT UE. Note that since this is a DT case in topology 2, there is information transmission to the A-IoT UE, but there is no information transmission from the A-IoT UE.

[0147] Figure 16 shows an example in which an overlapping independent UL and a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT are transmitted simultaneously. Figure 16 also shows an example in which an overlapping independent UL and a UL for reporting communication between an int.UE and an A-IoT are transmitted simultaneously.

[0148] Transmission power may be allocated based on the priority between overlapping transmissions. For example, transmission power may be allocated based on at least one of the following priorities: In the following description, "a" > "b" indicates that a has a higher priority than b:

[0149] For example, transmission power may be allocated based on the priority of the channel type and signal type of overlapping transmissions. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "PRACH / PUCCH" > "Signal Y / Signal Z" > "PUSCH (e.g., DG (dynamic grant) PUSCH and / or CG (configured grant) PUSCH)."

[0150] For example, transmit power may be allocated based on the priority of overlapping transmission traffic flows, such as "signal Y / signal Z for DO-DTT" > "UL" > "signal Y / signal Z for DT."

[0151] Transmission power may be allocated based on the priority of the instruction / setting. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "UL with a relatively high priority instruction" > "signal Y / signal Z with a relatively low priority instruction." Note that the priority may be indicated in signal X (a signal from the base station to the int. UE).

[0152] The transmission power may be allocated based on the priority of the transmission timing. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "transmission with a relatively early start of transmission" > "transmission with a relatively late start of transmission."

[0153] Transmission power may be allocated based on the priority of the scheduling timing. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "transmission corresponding to relatively later scheduling" > "transmission corresponding to relatively earlier scheduling."

[0154] Priorities may be set based on numerology and / or subcarrier spacing (SCS), and transmission power may be allocated based on the set priorities. For example, when the numerology and / or SCS are changed, priorities may be set based on whether the numerology and / or SCS have changed.

[0155] For example, for a certain transmission, priority is set depending on whether the SCS of the transmission has changed from the SCS of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission. For example, the priority of a certain transmission X whose SCS has not changed from the SCS of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission X is higher than the priority of a certain transmission X whose SCS has changed from the SCS of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission X. Note that the previous transmission may refer to, for example, the immediately preceding or most recent transmission. Alternatively, the SCS of the previous transmission may be replaced with the SCS currently being applied after being set or notified. The same applies hereinafter.

[0156] For example, in a case where transmission X (e.g., an independent UL) and transmission Y (e.g., a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT) overlap, if the SCS of transmission X has not changed from the SCS of the transmission previous to transmission X, and the SCS of transmission Y has changed from the SCS of the transmission previous to transmission Y, the priority of transmission X is higher than the priority of transmission Y. Here, "transmission previous to transmission X" corresponds to, for example, an independent UL previous to the independent UL corresponding to transmission X, or a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT, and "transmission previous to transmission Y" corresponds to, for example, an independent UL previous to the transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT corresponding to transmission Y, or a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT. Note that if there is no change in the SCS in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of SCS may be the same. Also, if there is a change in the SCS in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of SCS may be the same.

[0157] For example, in a certain transmission, priority is set depending on whether the numerology of the transmission has changed from the numerology of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission. For example, if the numerology of a certain transmission X has not changed from the numerology of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission X, the priority of the transmission X is higher than the priority of a certain transmission X if the numerology of the transmission X has not changed from the numerology of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission X. Note that the numerology of the previous transmission may be replaced by the numerology that has been set or notified and is currently being applied. The same applies below.

[0158] For example, in a case where transmission X and transmission Y overlap, if the numerology of transmission X has not changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding transmission X, and the numerology of transmission Y has changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding transmission Y, transmission X has a higher priority than transmission Y. Note that if there is no change in numerology in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the perspective of numerology may be the same. Also, if there is a change in numerology in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the perspective of numerology may be the same.

[0159] For example, the priority may be set based on the waveform. For example, when the waveform used during transmission is changed by selecting a waveform from among multiple candidate waveforms, the priority may be set based on the waveform. For example, candidate waveforms include DFT-S-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) waveforms, etc. Alternatively, modulation methods such as OOK (On-Off-Keying) may be included. The same applies hereinafter.

[0160] For example, a priority is set for a transmission depending on whether the waveform of that transmission has been changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding that transmission. For example, if the waveform of a transmission X has not been changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding that transmission, the priority of that transmission X is higher than the priority of a transmission X if the waveform of that transmission X has been changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding that transmission.

[0161] For example, in a case where transmission X and transmission Y overlap, if the waveform of transmission X has not changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding transmission X, and the waveform of transmission Y has changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding transmission Y, the priority of transmission X is higher than the priority of transmission Y. Note that if there is no change in waveform in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the viewpoint of waveform may be the same. Also, if there is a change in waveform in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the viewpoint of waveform may be the same. Note that the waveform of the previous transmission may be replaced with the waveform that has been set or notified and is currently being applied. The same applies below.

[0162] For example, the priority may be set based on the frequency. For example, when the frequency (for example, BWP or band) is changed, the priority may be set based on whether or not the frequency has changed.

[0163] For example, a priority may be set for a transmission depending on whether the frequency of the transmission has changed from the frequency of the transmission immediately preceding it. For example, if the frequency of a transmission X has not changed from the frequency of the transmission immediately preceding it, the priority of the transmission X is higher than the priority of the transmission X if the frequency of the transmission X has changed from the frequency of the transmission immediately preceding it.

[0164] For example, in a case where transmission X and transmission Y overlap, if the frequency of transmission X has not been changed from the frequency of the transmission previous to transmission X, and the frequency of transmission Y has been changed from the frequency of the transmission previous to transmission Y, the priority of transmission X is higher than the priority of transmission Y. Note that if there is no change in frequency in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of frequency may be the same. Also, if there is a change in frequency in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of frequency may be the same. Note that the frequency of the previous transmission may be replaced with a frequency that has been set or notified and is currently being applied. The same applies hereinafter.

[0165] The A-IoT may be introduced within a guard band or in a standalone band. In other words, the A-IoT frequency may be provided within a guard band or in a standalone band.

[0166] The priority of the signal R may be the same as the priority of the corresponding signal Y / signal Z.

[0167] If an independent UL or transmission from int.UE to A-IoT or signal R consists of multiple transmissions, the priority may be set to the highest priority among the priorities of the multiple transmissions.

[0168] In the method α-1 described above, when the operations related to the two overlapping communications are executable, the operations related to the two overlapping communications can be executed appropriately.

[0169] <α-2. Send one and drop the other (hereinafter referred to as Method α-2)> The transmissions to be performed and / or dropped may be determined based on a priority among the overlapping transmissions, for example, based on at least one of the following priorities:

[0170] Figure 17 is a diagram showing an example in which method α-2 is applied to the case shown in Figure 14. Similar to Figure 14, Figure 17 shows the signal flow between the base station (gNB), int.UE, and A-IoT UE. Note that since this is a DT case in topology 2, there is information transmission to the A-IoT UE, but there is no information transmission from the A-IoT UE.

[0171] In the example of Figure 17, of the independent ULs that overlapped in Figure 14 and the transmission from int.UE to A-IoT, the independent UL is executed and the transmission from int.UE to A-IoT is dropped. Also, in the example of Figure 17, of the independent ULs that overlapped in Figure 14 and the UL for reporting communication between int.UE and A-IoT, the UL for reporting communication between int.UE and A-IoT is executed and the independent UL is dropped.

[0172] For example, transmissions to be performed and / or transmissions to be dropped may be determined based on the channel type of overlapping transmissions and the priority of signal types. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "PRACH / PUCCH" > "Signal Y / Signal Z" > "PUSCH (e.g., DG PUSCH and / or CG PUSCH)."

[0173] For example, transmissions to be performed and / or dropped may be determined based on the priority of the traffic flow of overlapping transmissions. Illustratively, the priority may be set as follows: "Signal Y / Signal Z for DO-DTT" > "UL" > "Signal Y / Signal Z for DT."

[0174] Based on the priority of the instruction / setting, the transmission to be performed and / or the transmission to be dropped may be determined. For example, the priority may be set as "UL with relatively high priority instruction" > "signal Y / signal Z with relatively low priority instruction." Note that the priority may be indicated in signal X (signal from the base station to the int. UE).

[0175] A transmission to be performed and / or a transmission to be dropped may be determined based on the priority of the transmission timing. For example, the priority may be set as "a transmission that starts transmission relatively early" > "a transmission that starts transmission relatively late."

[0176] Based on the priority of the scheduling timing, the transmissions to be performed and / or the transmissions to be dropped may be determined. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "transmissions corresponding to relatively later scheduling" > "transmissions corresponding to relatively earlier scheduling."

[0177] Priorities may be set based on numerology and / or subcarrier spacing (SCS), and transmissions to be performed and / or dropped may be determined based on the set priorities. For example, when the numerology and / or SCS are changed, priorities may be set based on whether the numerology and / or SCS are changed.

[0178] For example, a priority is set for a transmission depending on whether the SCS of the transmission has changed from the SCS of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission. For example, the priority of a transmission X whose SCS has not changed from the SCS of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission X is higher than the priority of a transmission X whose SCS has changed from the SCS of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission X.

[0179] For example, in a case where transmission X (e.g., an independent UL) and transmission Y (e.g., a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT) overlap, if the SCS of transmission X has not changed from the SCS of the transmission previous to transmission X, and the SCS of transmission Y has changed from the SCS of the transmission previous to transmission Y, the priority of transmission X is higher than the priority of transmission Y. Here, "transmission previous to transmission X" corresponds to, for example, an independent UL previous to the independent UL corresponding to transmission X, or a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT, and "transmission previous to transmission Y" corresponds to, for example, an independent UL previous to the transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT corresponding to transmission Y, or a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT. Note that if there is no change in the SCS in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of SCS may be the same. Also, if there is a change in the SCS in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of SCS may be the same.

[0180] For example, a priority is set for a transmission depending on whether the numerology of the transmission has changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding the transmission. For example, the priority of a transmission X whose numerology has not changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding the transmission X is higher than the priority of a transmission X whose numerology has not changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding the transmission X.

[0181] For example, in a case where transmission X and transmission Y overlap, if the numerology of transmission X has not changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding transmission X, and the numerology of transmission Y has changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding transmission Y, transmission X has a higher priority than transmission Y. Note that if there is no change in numerology in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the perspective of numerology may be the same. Also, if there is a change in numerology in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the perspective of numerology may be the same.

[0182] For example, the priority may be set based on the waveform. For example, when the waveform used during transmission is changed by selecting a waveform from among multiple candidate waveforms, the priority may be set based on the waveform. For example, candidate waveforms include DFT-S-OFDM waveforms.

[0183] For example, a priority is set for a transmission depending on whether the waveform of that transmission has been changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding that transmission. For example, if the waveform of a transmission X has not been changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding that transmission, the priority of that transmission X is higher than the priority of a transmission X if the waveform of that transmission X has been changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding that transmission.

[0184] For example, in a case where transmission X and transmission Y overlap, if the waveform of transmission X is unchanged from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding transmission X, and the waveform of transmission Y is changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding transmission Y, the priority of transmission X is higher than the priority of transmission Y. Note that if there is no change in waveform in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the viewpoint of waveform may be the same. Also, if there is a change in waveform in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the viewpoint of waveform may be the same.

[0185] For example, the priority may be set based on the frequency. For example, when the frequency (for example, BWP or band) is changed, the priority may be set based on whether or not the frequency has changed.

[0186] For example, a priority may be set for a transmission depending on whether the frequency of the transmission has changed from the frequency of the transmission immediately preceding it. For example, if the frequency of a transmission X has not changed from the frequency of the transmission immediately preceding it, the priority of the transmission X is higher than the priority of the transmission X if the frequency of the transmission X has changed from the frequency of the transmission immediately preceding it.

[0187] For example, in a case where transmission X and transmission Y overlap, if the frequency of transmission X has not changed from the frequency of the transmission preceding transmission X, and the frequency of transmission Y has changed from the frequency of the transmission preceding transmission Y, the priority of transmission X is higher than the priority of transmission Y. Note that if there is no change in frequency in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of frequency may be the same. Also, if there is a change in frequency in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of frequency may be the same.

[0188] The A-IoT may be introduced within a guard band or in a standalone band. In other words, the A-IoT frequency may be provided within a guard band or in a standalone band.

[0189] The priority of the signal R may be the same as the priority of the corresponding signal Y / signal Z.

[0190] If an independent UL or transmission from int.UE to A-IoT or signal R consists of multiple transmissions, the priority may be set to the highest priority among the priorities of the multiple transmissions.

[0191] In the method α-2 described above, one of the operations related to two overlapping communications is performed and the other is not performed, thereby allowing the operations related to the two overlapping communications to be performed appropriately. Furthermore, not performing some of the operations related to the two communications can avoid the possibility of interference between the two communications.

[0192] In method α-2, "drop" may be replaced with "postponement." In this case, the above-mentioned "transmission to be executed" and "transmission to be dropped" may be replaced with "transmission to be executed without postponement" and "transmission to be executed after postponement," respectively.

[0193] In method α-2, each of the overlapping transmissions may be dropped and not transmitted. For example, if the priority of each of the overlapping transmissions is lower than a threshold, each of the overlapping transmissions may be dropped.

[0194] <α-3. Method of multiplexing overlapping transmissions into one transmission (hereinafter referred to as Method α-3)> In method α-3, overlapping transmissions are multiplexed into one transmission, for example, multiplexing is performed in the overlap of signal R and independent UL in overlap #B.

[0195] Figure 18 is a diagram showing an example in which method α-3 is applied to the case shown in Figure 14. Similar to Figure 14, Figure 18 shows the signal flow between the base station (gNB), int.UE, and A-IoT UE. Note that since this is a DT case in Topology 2, there is information transmission to the A-IoT UE, but there is no information transmission from the A-IoT UE.

[0196] In Figure 18, the independent UL that overlapped in Figure 14 and the UL for reporting communication between int.UE and A-IoT (e.g., transmission of signal R) are multiplexed as a single transmission.

[0197] For example, in the case where the signal R in the overlap #B described above is a PUCCH and the information to be reported is UCI, one of the following methods is applied.

[0198] When the overlapping independent UL is a PUCCH, the signal R and the independent UL are multiplexed in the PUCCH. Note that the PUCCH resource in which the signal R and the independent UL are multiplexed may be either the PUCCH resource of the independent UL or the PUCCH resource of the signal R, or may be another PUCCH resource.

[0199] When the overlapped independent UL is a PUSCH, the signal R and the independent UL are multiplexed in a PUCCH. Note that the PUSCH resource in which the signal R and the independent UL are multiplexed may be the PUSCH resource of the independent UL.

[0200] In the case of multiplexing, channel coding and rate matching may be applied to the multiplexed information (or signals) jointly or individually. In the case of applying them individually, the coding rate of one of the signals is first determined using new parameters defined for the signal R, and then the coding rate of the other signal is determined.

[0201] When the signal R in the above-described overlap #B is a PUSCH and the overlapped independent UL is a PUCCH, UCI in the PUCCH is multiplexed with the signal R in the PUSCH. Note that the PUSCH resource onto which the UCI and the signal R are multiplexed may be the PUSCH resource of the signal R.

[0202] In the method α-3 described above, two overlapping transmissions are multiplexed into a single transmission, which allows appropriate operation of each of the two overlapping communications. Also, by multiplexing two transmissions into a single transmission, the possibility of interference between the two communications can be avoided.

[0203] <α-4. Method of applying any of the above methods α-1, α-2, and α-3 (Method α-4)> In method α-4, any one of methods α-1, α-2, and α-3 is selectively applied. In method α-4, which of methods α-1, α-2, and α-3 is applied may be determined based on the situation. For example, it may be determined based on at least one of the following:

[0204] Whether there is a full overlap or a partial overlap For example, if one of the time periods of two transmissions completely overlaps the other, the overlap of the two transmissions corresponds to a total overlap, and if there are portions of the time periods of the two transmissions that do not overlap, the overlap of the two transmissions corresponds to a partial overlap.

[0205] -Transmission power limit For example, if the transmission power is not sufficient for simultaneous transmission (e.g., method α-1), method α-2 is applied. If the transmission power is sufficient for simultaneous transmission (e.g., method α-1), method α-1 is applied.

[0206] Frequency resources (total bandwidth of overlapping transmissions) For example, if the bands of overlapping transmissions span a bandwidth wider than a threshold (eg, X MHz), method α-2 may be applied; otherwise, method α-1 may be applied.

[0207] Frequency resources (same band (same BWP, same band, etc.) or different bands (different BWP, different bands, etc.)) For example, if the overlapping transmissions are of the same BWP, method α-1 may be applied; otherwise, method α-2 may be applied. For example, if the overlapping transmissions are in the same cell group, method α-2 may be applied; otherwise, method α-1 may be applied.

[0208] Overlapping channel types / signal types For example, when there is overlap between the PRACH and signal Y / signal Z / signal R, method α-2 is applied. When there is overlap between the PUCCH / PUSCH and signal Y / signal Z / signal R, method α-1 or method α-3 is applied.

[0209] UE capabilities (e.g., multiplexing-related capabilities ("duplex-related capability")) UE capabilities (e.g., capabilities related to cell group / PUCCH group / RF-chain / band combination)

[0210] Numerology and / or SCS Based on the numerology and / or SCS, the method to be applied may be determined from Method α-1, Method α-2, and Method α-3. For example, in a case where Transmission X (e.g., an independent UL) and Transmission Y (e.g., a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT) overlap, if the SCS of Transmission X is the same as the SCS of Transmission Y, Method α-1 may be applied. For example, in a case where Transmission X and Transmission Y overlap, if the SCS of Transmission X is not the same as the SCS of Transmission Y, Method α-2 or Method α-3 may be applied.

[0211] ·Waveform For example, the method to be applied may be determined based on the waveform. The waveform may be associated with any of methods α-1, α-2, and α-3, and the method associated with the waveform to be used may be applied.

[0212] (Variation of Method α-4) In the case of an independent UL or transmission from int.UE to A-IoT, or signal R is a multiple transmission, only method α-1 is applied if method α-1 is applied to all of the multiple transmissions.

[0213] In the case of an independent UL or transmission from int.UE to A-IoT, or signal R is a multiple transmission, only method α-3 is applied if method α-3 is applied to all of the multiple transmissions.

[0214] In the case where an independent UL or transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT, or a signal R, is a plurality of transmissions, if method α-1 is not applied to all of the plurality of transmissions, or if method α-3 is not applied to all of the plurality of transmissions, method α-2 is applied. Here, the case where method α-1 is not applied to all of the plurality of transmissions may be the case where a method other than method α-1 is applied to at least one of the plurality of transmissions.

[0215] In the method α-4 described above, the method to be applied to the overlapping transmissions is selected from among the methods α-1 to α-3, so that the operations related to the two overlapping communications can be appropriately executed.

[0216] <α-5. Processing time> Next, processing time will be described. Here, processing time means the processing time of a UE (for example, int.UE) that allows the UE to complete processing.

[0217] A processing time is defined between receiving a scheduling for an int.UE for a transmission from the BS to the A-IoT UE and transmitting the corresponding scheduling. The int.UE performs transmission only if the defined processing time requirement is met.

[0218] The processing time may be defined for each numerology and / or SCS. For example, the processing time may be defined based on which numerology and / or SCS is used, or based on whether switching of the numerology and / or SCS is required. The processing time may be associated with which numerology and / or SCS is used, whether switching of the numerology and / or SCS is required, or whether switching of the numerology and / or SCS is required and the processing time may be associated with which numerology and / or SCS is used and whether switching of the numerology and / or SCS is required.

[0219] The processing time may be defined based on the waveform. For example, the processing time may be defined based on which waveform is used, or whether a waveform switch is required. The processing time may be associated with which waveform is used, or whether a waveform switch is required, or the processing time may be associated with which waveform is used and whether a waveform switch is required.

[0220] The processing time may be defined based on frequency (e.g., carrier / band). For example, the processing time may be defined based on which carrier / band is used, or based on whether carrier / band switching is required. The processing time may be associated with which carrier / band is used, whether carrier / band switching is required, or whether carrier / band is used and whether carrier / band switching is required.

[0221] Here, if there is overlap between multiple transmissions (multiple channels / signals), the UE assumes that the overlapping channels / signals also meet the above processing time. Here, the overlapping multiple transmissions include transmission X (e.g., independent UL) and transmission Y (e.g., transmission from int. UE to A-IoT).

[0222] For example, for two overlapping channels X and Y, if the channel Y overlapping with channel X starts earlier than channel X, the processing time is compared with the time gap between receiving the scheduling from the BS and the overlapping channel Y. Note that channel X may be replaced by signal X, and channel Y may be replaced by signal Y.

[0223] For two overlapping transmissions (e.g., transmissions on channel X and channel Y), the time between the later of the two reception timings, i.e., the reception timing of the schedule for the transmission on channel X and the reception timing of the schedule for the transmission on channel Y, and the earlier of the two transmission timings, i.e., the transmission timing on channel X and the transmission timing on channel Y, may be compared with the processing time. If the time between the later of the two reception timings and the earlier of the two transmission timings is equal to or greater than the processing time, at least one of the two transmissions may be executed. For example, the two transmissions may be performed simultaneously, as in method α-1 above, one of the two transmissions may be dropped, as in method α-2, or the two transmissions may be multiplexed, as in method α-3.

[0224] For example, in two overlapping channels X and Y, if the numerology of channel X and / or the numerology at the time of receiving the scheduling of channel X is different from the numerology of channel Y and / or the numerology at the time of receiving the scheduling of channel Y, the processing time is determined based on one of the following numerologies. Note that channel may be replaced with signal. Furthermore, the scheduling of transmission of channel X and the scheduling of transmission of channel Y may also be included in the above-mentioned numerology comparison. - The smaller of the two numerologies -Numerology, whichever is larger Numerology of the channel that starts first among multiple overlapping channels Numerology of the channel that starts later among overlapping channels Numerology of the channel with the larger time width among multiple overlapping channels Numerology of the channel with the smaller time width among multiple overlapping channels

[0225] For example, in two overlapping channels X and Y, if the SCS of channel X and / or the SCS at the time of receiving the scheduling of channel X is different from the SCS of channel Y and / or the SCS at the time of receiving the scheduling of channel Y, the processing time is determined based on one of the following SCSs. Note that the channel may be replaced with a signal. Furthermore, the scheduling of the transmission of channel X and the scheduling of the transmission of channel Y may also be included in the above-mentioned SCS comparison. -Whichever is smaller, SCS Whichever is larger, SCS - The SCS of the channel that starts first among multiple overlapping channels -SCS of the channel that starts later among multiple overlapping channels -SCS of the channel with the larger time width among multiple overlapping channels -SCS of the channel with the smaller time width among multiple overlapping channels

[0226] For example, for two overlapping channels X and Y, if the waveform of channel X differs from the waveform at the time of receiving the scheduling of channel X and / or channel Y and / or the waveform of channel Y, the processing time is determined based on one of the following waveforms. Note that the channel may be replaced with a signal. Furthermore, the scheduling of transmission of channel X and the scheduling of transmission of channel Y may also be included in the above-mentioned waveform comparison. The waveform associated with the waveform that takes longer to process than the other waveforms. - Waveform of the channel that starts first among multiple overlapping channels Waveform of the channel that starts later among multiple overlapping channels Waveform of the channel with the larger time width among multiple overlapping channels Waveform of the channel with the smaller time width among multiple overlapping channels

[0227] In the above α-5, the int.UE receives first scheduling information regarding the scheduling of a first communication (e.g., transmission from the int.UE to the A-IoT) related to communication between the BS and the A-IoT UE via the int.UE, and executes the first communication scheduled by the first scheduling information after a processing time has elapsed since receiving the first scheduling information. Then, if an overlap occurs between the first communication and a second communication (e.g., an independent UL) related to communication between the int.UE and the BS, the int.UE executes at least one of the first communication and the second communication after a processing time has elapsed since receiving the first scheduling information.

[0228] According to the above α-5, when an int.UE communicates as an int.UE and / or when it performs communication other than communication as an int.UE, a specific processing time can be secured for the int.UE to perform signal processing, etc., from the time it receives scheduling information related to the communication until it performs transmission corresponding to the scheduling. Furthermore, even if communication as an int.UE overlaps with other communication (e.g., an independent UL), a specific processing time can be secured for the int.UE to perform signal processing, etc., from the time it receives scheduling until it performs transmission corresponding to the scheduling.

[0229] (Variation of overlap in case α) Methods α-1 to α-4 described in the above case α may be applied to overlap between transmission and reception, as well as overlap between transmission and reception, or overlap between reception and reception. For example, "transmission" in each of the above methods may be replaced with "reception."

[0230] There are two cases of overlap between transmission and reception: When an int.UE receives as an int.UE, other transmissions (e.g., independent ULs) occur at the int.UE, and the reception as the int.UE and the other transmissions overlap in time. When an int.UE transmits as an int.UE, another reception occurs at the int.UE, and the transmission as int.UE and the other reception overlap in time.

[0231] Here, the other reception is reception independent of operation as an int.UE. Hereinafter, reception independent of operation as an int.UE may be referred to as independent reception (independent RX). For example, in case α, independent reception includes downlink reception as a UE. Hereinafter, downlink reception as a UE independent of operation as an int.UE may be referred to as independent DL or independent DL reception.

[0232] Reception as an int.UE includes receiving signals transmitted from the A-IoT UE to the int.UE and receiving signals transmitted from the base station to the int.UE.

[0233] Furthermore, there are the following cases of overlap between receptions: When an int.UE receives as an int.UE, other reception (for example, an independent DL) occurs at the int.UE, and the reception as the int.UE and the other reception overlap in time.

[0234] In the case of overlapping transmission and reception, any of methods α-1 to α-4 may be applied as follows. (i) When method α-1 is applied, transmission and reception are performed simultaneously. (ii) When method α-2 is applied, one of the transmission and reception is performed and the other is dropped. Which is performed and / or which is dropped may be determined based on the priority between the overlapping transmission and reception. (iii) When method α-4 is applied, it is determined whether to apply method α-1 or method α-2 (e.g., either (i) or (ii) above). For example, as with method α-4, the determination may be made based on circumstances. Here, the circumstances that are factors in the determination include at least one of whether there is full overlap or partial overlap, the type of overlapping channel / signal, the capability of the UE, etc.

[0235] In the case of overlapping reception, any of methods α-1 to α-4 may be applied as follows. (iv) When method α-1 is applied, overlapping reception is performed simultaneously. (v) When method α-2 is applied, one of the overlapping receptions is executed and the other is dropped. Which is executed and / or which is dropped may be determined based on the priority between the overlapping receptions. (vi) When method α-4 is applied, it is determined whether to apply method α-1 or method α-2 (e.g., either (iv) or (v) above). For example, as with method α-4, the determination may be made based on circumstances. Here, the circumstances that contribute to the determination include at least one of whether there is full overlap or partial overlap, the type of overlapping channel / signal, the capability of the UE, etc.

[0236] Although the above description has been given using an example of overlap between two operations (transmit and transmit, transmit and receive, receive and receive), the present disclosure is not limited to this example and may be applied to cases where overlap occurs between three or more operations.

[0237] For example, methods α-1 to α-4 may be applied to overlap between transmission and reception, or may be applied to overlap between transmission and reception.

[0238] For example, in a case where the transmission in step 2 (hereinafter, TX1) and the reception in step 3 (hereinafter, RX) of the communication flow overlap each other, and the transmission of an independent UL (hereinafter, TX2) further overlaps, any of the above methods α-1 to α-4 may be applied in the following manner. (vii) When method α-1 is applied, overlapping TX1, TX2 and RX are executed simultaneously. (viii) When method α-2 is applied, some of the overlapping operations are executed and the rest are dropped. For example, TX1 and RX are executed and TX2 is locked. Alternatively, TX2 is executed and TX1 and RX are locked. Which of the three overlapping operations is executed and / or which is dropped may be determined based on the priority among the overlapping operations (e.g., TX1, TX2, and RX). (ix) When method α-4 is applied, it is determined whether to apply method α-1 or method α-2 (e.g., either (vii) or (viii) above). For example, as with method α-4, the determination may be made based on circumstances. Here, the circumstances that contribute to the determination include at least one of whether there is full overlap or partial overlap, the type of overlapping channel / signal, the capability of the UE, etc.

[0239] Note that communication between the int.UE and the A-IoT UE may be classified as a sidelink from the perspective of the int.UE. In this case, the process (or operation) for the overlap case between the UL and the SL may be applied to overlap #A. Also, in this case, the process (or operation) for the overlap case between the UL and the UL associated with the SL may be applied to overlap #B.

[0240] Alternatively, communication between an int.UE and an A-IoT UE may be classified as downlink / uplink from the perspective of the int.UE, e.g., communication from an int.UE to an A-IoT UE is classified as downlink (DL), and communication from an A-IoT UE to an int.UE is classified as uplink (UL).

[0241] In the above-described case α, when an overlap occurs between a first communication between the int.UE and a base station and a second communication between the base station and the A-IoT UE via the int.UE, the int.UE decides to execute at least one of the first and second communications, and executes the determined at least one of the communications. This allows appropriate communication to be performed when a communication different from the communication in the A-IoT communication system overlaps.

[0242] <Case β> For example, in topology 2, when an int.UE transmits as an int.UE, other transmissions (e.g., independent transmissions) may occur at the int.UE, and the transmission as the int.UE and the other transmissions may overlap in time.

[0243] In case β, the independent transmission includes SL transmission as a UE. Hereinafter, the sidelink transmission as a UE, independent of the operation as an int.UE, may be referred to as independent SL (independent UL) or independent SL transmission.

[0244] Here, for the above-mentioned overlap, the following two overlaps, overlap #A' and overlap #B', are considered. Overlap #A': Overlap between independent SL transmission and transmission from int.UE to A-IoT Overlap #B': overlap between independent UL transmission and UL for reporting communication between int.UE and A-IoT (e.g., transmission of signal R)

[0245] In addition, during overlap #A', transmission from int.UE to A-IoT includes transmission of at least one of the following signals: A signal to wake up the A-IoT UE and / or a carrier waveform provided to the A-IoT for backscattering (e.g., signal Y) Signal for transmitting information to A-IoT UE (e.g., signal Z) Note that signal Z may not contain information and may be a signal for backscatter transmission.

[0246] Figure 19 is a diagram showing an example of overlap in the case of DT. Figure 19 shows the signal flow between the base station (gNB), int.UE, and A-IoT UE. Note that since this is the case of DT in Topology 2, there is information transmission to the A-IoT UE, but there is no information transmission from the A-IoT UE. Figure 19 also shows that another UE other than the int.UE performs SL communication with the int.UE.

[0247] Figure 19 shows an example where an independent SL transmission and a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT overlap. Figure 19 also shows an example where an independent SL transmission and a UL for reporting communication between an int.UE and an A-IoT overlap.

[0248] Figure 20 is a diagram showing an example of overlap in the case of DO-DTT. Figure 20 shows the flow of signals between the base station (gNB), int.UE, and A-IoT UE. Note that, since this is the case of DO-DTT in Topology 2, there is information transmission to the A-IoT UE and information transmission from the A-IoT UE. Figure 20 also shows that another UE other than the int.UE performs SL communication with the int.UE.

[0249] Figure 20 shows an example where an independent SL transmission and a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT overlap. Figure 20 also shows an example where an independent SL transmission and a UL for reporting communication between an int.UE and an A-IoT overlap.

[0250] Note that in case β of this embodiment, overlap is not limited to overlap of actual timing. For example, in this embodiment, overlap may not be overlap of actual timing, but may include multiple transmissions in the same time unit (e.g., any one of a slot, a certain time interval, and a switching period). For example, taking overlap #A' as an example, if an independent SL transmission and a transmission from int.UE to A-IoT are instructed / configured to be performed in the same slot, it may be determined that the independent SL transmission and the transmission from int.UE to A-IoT overlap. Furthermore, overlap may mean overlap at least in the time domain.

[0251] In topology 2, when an overlap occurs between a transmission related to the operation of the int.UE and another independent SL, the int.UE handles the overlap.

[0252] Specific methods for dealing with this are described below. Note that each of the methods described below may be applied to each overlap type (e.g., overlap #A' and #B'). Also, among the mechanisms of the methods described below, the mechanisms to be applied may differ between overlap types. Also, among the mechanisms of the methods described below, the mechanisms to be applied may be applied based on the capability of the int.UE.

[0253] Note that the independent SL transmission may be transmission based on the scheduling of the NW, or may be transmission based on autonomous operation of the UE.

[0254] <β-1. Simultaneous transmission method (hereinafter referred to as Method β-1)> In method β-1, overlapping transmissions are performed simultaneously. Note that in method β-1, transmit power may be allocated between overlapping transmissions. For example, a power allocation priority may be set, and a higher transmit power may be allocated to a transmission with a higher priority.

[0255] Figure 21 is a diagram showing an example in which method β-1 is applied to the case shown in Figure 19. Similar to Figure 19, Figure 21 shows the flow of signals between the base station (gNB), int.UE, A-IoT UE, and other UEs. Note that since this is a DT case in Topology 2, there is information transmission to the A-IoT UE, but there is no information transmission from the A-IoT UE.

[0256] Figure 21 shows an example where an overlapping independent SL transmission and a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT are transmitted simultaneously. Figure 21 also shows an example where an overlapping independent SL transmission and a UL for reporting communication between an int.UE and an A-IoT are transmitted simultaneously.

[0257] Transmission power may be allocated based on the priority between overlapping transmissions. For example, transmission power may be allocated based on at least one of the following priorities: In the following description, "a" > "b" indicates that a has a higher priority than b:

[0258] For example, transmission power may be allocated based on the priority of the channel type and signal type of overlapping transmissions. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel) / PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel) (DG and / or CG) / PSFCH (Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel)" > "Signal Y / Signal Z" > "Sidelink-Synchronization Signal Block (S-SSB)."

[0259] For example, transmit power may be allocated based on the priority of overlapping transmission traffic flows, such as "signal Y / signal Z for DO-DTT" > "SL" > "signal Y / signal Z for DT."

[0260] Transmission power may be allocated based on the priority of the instruction / setting. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "SL with a relatively high priority instruction" > "signal Y / signal Z with a relatively low priority instruction." Alternatively, the priority may be set as follows: "signal Y / signal Z with a relatively high priority instruction" > "SL with a relatively low priority instruction." Note that the priority may be indicated in signal X (a signal from the base station to the int.UE). Furthermore, the priority for the SL may be specified by a specification, may be indicated / set, or may be determined by the int.UE.

[0261] The transmission power may be allocated based on the priority of the transmission timing. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "transmission with a relatively early start of transmission" > "transmission with a relatively late start of transmission."

[0262] Transmission power may be allocated based on the priority of the timing of scheduling / decision. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "transmission corresponding to relatively late scheduling / decision" > "transmission corresponding to relatively early scheduling / decision."

[0263] The transmit power may be allocated based on how the SL transmission is determined, for example, priority may be set as follows: "Signal Y / Signal Z" > "SL based on UE autonomous resource allocation."

[0264] Priorities may be set based on numerology and / or subcarrier spacing (SCS), and transmission power may be allocated based on the set priorities. For example, when the numerology and / or SCS are changed, priorities may be set based on whether the numerology and / or SCS have changed.

[0265] For example, for a certain transmission, priority is set depending on whether the SCS of the transmission has changed from the SCS of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission. For example, the priority of a certain transmission X whose SCS has not changed from the SCS of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission X is higher than the priority of a certain transmission X whose SCS has changed from the SCS of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission X. Note that the previous transmission may refer to, for example, the immediately preceding or most recent transmission. Alternatively, the SCS of the previous transmission may be replaced with the SCS currently being applied after being set or notified. The same applies hereinafter.

[0266] For example, in a case where transmission X (e.g., an independent SL transmission) and transmission Y (e.g., a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT) overlap, if the SCS of transmission X has not changed from the SCS of the transmission previous to transmission X, and the SCS of transmission Y has changed from the SCS of the transmission previous to transmission Y, the priority of transmission X is higher than the priority of transmission Y. Here, "transmission previous to transmission X" corresponds to, for example, an independent SL transmission previous to the independent SL transmission corresponding to transmission X or a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT, and "transmission previous to transmission Y" corresponds to, for example, an independent SL transmission previous to the transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT corresponding to transmission Y, or a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT. Note that if there is no change in the SCS in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of the SCS may be the same. Also, if there is a change in the SCS in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of the SCS may be the same.

[0267] For example, in a certain transmission, priority is set depending on whether the numerology of the transmission has changed from the numerology of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission. For example, if the numerology of a certain transmission X has not changed from the numerology of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission X, the priority of the transmission X is higher than the priority of a certain transmission X if the numerology of the transmission X has not changed from the numerology of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission X. Note that the numerology of the previous transmission may be replaced by the numerology that has been set or notified and is currently being applied. The same applies below.

[0268] For example, in a case where transmission X and transmission Y overlap, if the numerology of transmission X has not changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding transmission X, and the numerology of transmission Y has changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding transmission Y, transmission X has a higher priority than transmission Y. Note that if there is no change in numerology in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the perspective of numerology may be the same. Also, if there is a change in numerology in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the perspective of numerology may be the same.

[0269] For example, the priority may be set based on the waveform. For example, when the waveform used during transmission is changed by selecting a waveform from among multiple candidate waveforms, the priority may be set based on the waveform. For example, candidate waveforms include DFT-S-OFDM waveforms, etc. Alternatively, modulation methods such as OOK (On-Off-Keying) may be included. The same applies hereinafter.

[0270] For example, a priority is set for a transmission depending on whether the waveform of that transmission has been changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding that transmission. For example, if the waveform of a transmission X has not been changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding that transmission, the priority of that transmission X is higher than the priority of a transmission X if the waveform of that transmission X has been changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding that transmission.

[0271] For example, in a case where transmission X and transmission Y overlap, if the waveform of transmission X has not changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding transmission X, and the waveform of transmission Y has changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding transmission Y, the priority of transmission X is higher than the priority of transmission Y. Note that if there is no change in waveform in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the viewpoint of waveform may be the same. Also, if there is a change in waveform in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the viewpoint of waveform may be the same. Note that the waveform of the previous transmission may be replaced with the waveform that has been set or notified and is currently being applied. The same applies below.

[0272] For example, the priority may be set based on the frequency. For example, when the frequency (for example, BWP or band) is changed, the priority may be set based on whether or not the frequency has changed.

[0273] For example, a priority may be set for a transmission depending on whether the frequency of the transmission has changed from the frequency of the transmission immediately preceding it. For example, if the frequency of a transmission X has not changed from the frequency of the transmission immediately preceding it, the priority of the transmission X is higher than the priority of the transmission X if the frequency of the transmission X has changed from the frequency of the transmission immediately preceding it.

[0274] For example, in a case where transmission X and transmission Y overlap, if the frequency of transmission X has not been changed from the frequency of the transmission previous to transmission X, and the frequency of transmission Y has been changed from the frequency of the transmission previous to transmission Y, the priority of transmission X is higher than the priority of transmission Y. Note that if there is no change in frequency in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of frequency may be the same. Also, if there is a change in frequency in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of frequency may be the same. Note that the frequency of the previous transmission may be replaced with a frequency that has been set or notified and is currently being applied. The same applies hereinafter.

[0275] The A-IoT may be introduced within a guard band or in a standalone band. In other words, the A-IoT frequency may be provided within a guard band or in a standalone band.

[0276] The priority of the signal R may be the same as the priority of the corresponding signal Y / signal Z.

[0277] If an independent SL transmission, or a transmission from int.UE to A-IoT, or a signal R consists of multiple transmissions, the priority may be set to the highest priority among the priorities of the multiple transmissions.

[0278] In the method β-1 described above, when the operations related to the two overlapping communications are executable, the operations related to the two overlapping communications can be executed appropriately.

[0279] <β-2. Send one and drop the other (hereinafter referred to as Method β-2)> The transmissions to be performed and / or dropped may be determined based on a priority among the overlapping transmissions, for example, based on at least one of the following priorities:

[0280] Figure 22 is a diagram showing an example in which method β-2 is applied to the case shown in Figure 19. Similar to Figure 19, Figure 22 shows the flow of signals between the base station (gNB), int.UE, A-IoT UE, and other UEs. Note that since this is a DT case in Topology 2, there is information transmission to the A-IoT UE, but there is no information transmission from the A-IoT UE.

[0281] In the example of Figure 22, of the independent SL transmission that overlapped in Figure 19 and the transmission from int.UE to A-IoT, the independent SL transmission is executed, and the transmission from int.UE to A-IoT is dropped. Also, in the example of Figure 22, of the independent SL transmission that overlapped in Figure 19 and the UL for reporting communication between int.UE and A-IoT, the UL for reporting communication between int.UE and A-IoT is executed, and the independent SL transmission is dropped.

[0282] For example, transmissions to be performed and / or transmissions to be dropped may be determined based on the channel type of overlapping transmissions and the priority of signal types. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "PSCCH / PSSCH (DG and / or CG) / PSFCH" > "Signal Y / Signal Z" > "S-SSB."

[0283] For example, transmissions to be performed and / or transmissions to be dropped may be determined based on the priority of the traffic flow of overlapping transmissions. Illustratively, the priority may be set as follows: "Signal Y / Signal Z for DO-DTT" > "SL" > "Signal Y / Signal Z for DT."

[0284] Based on the priority of the instruction / setting, the transmission to be performed and / or the transmission to be dropped may be determined. For example, the priority may be set as "SL with a relatively high priority instruction" > "signal Y / signal Z with a relatively low priority instruction." Alternatively, the priority may be set as "signal Y / signal Z with a relatively high priority instruction" > "SL with a relatively low priority instruction." Note that the priority may be indicated in signal X (a signal from the base station to the int.UE). Furthermore, the priority for the SL may be specified by a specification, may be indicated / set, or may be determined by the int.UE.

[0285] A transmission to be performed and / or a transmission to be dropped may be determined based on the priority of the transmission timing. For example, the priority may be set as "a transmission that starts transmission relatively early" > "a transmission that starts transmission relatively late."

[0286] The transmissions to be performed and / or dropped may be determined based on the priority of the timing of the scheduling / decision. For example, the priority may be set as follows: "Transmissions corresponding to relatively late scheduling / decisions" > "Transmissions corresponding to relatively early scheduling / decisions."

[0287] The transmit power may be allocated based on how the SL transmission is determined, for example, priority may be set as follows: "signal Y / signal Z" > "SL based on UE autonomous resource allocation."

[0288] Priorities may be set based on numerology and / or subcarrier spacing (SCS), and transmissions to be performed and / or dropped may be determined based on the set priorities. For example, when the numerology and / or SCS are changed, priorities may be set based on whether the numerology and / or SCS are changed.

[0289] For example, a priority is set for a transmission depending on whether the SCS of the transmission has changed from the SCS of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission. For example, the priority of a transmission X whose SCS has not changed from the SCS of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission X is higher than the priority of a transmission X whose SCS has changed from the SCS of the transmission immediately preceding the transmission X.

[0290] For example, in a case where transmission X (e.g., an independent SL transmission) and transmission Y (e.g., a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT) overlap, if the SCS of transmission X has not changed from the SCS of the transmission previous to transmission X, and the SCS of transmission Y has changed from the SCS of the transmission previous to transmission Y, the priority of transmission X is higher than the priority of transmission Y. Here, "transmission previous to transmission X" corresponds to, for example, an independent SL transmission previous to the independent SL transmission corresponding to transmission X or a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT, and "transmission previous to transmission Y" corresponds to, for example, an independent SL transmission previous to the transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT corresponding to transmission Y, or a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT. Note that if there is no change in the SCS in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of the SCS may be the same. Also, if there is a change in the SCS in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of the SCS may be the same.

[0291] For example, a priority is set for a transmission depending on whether the numerology of the transmission has changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding the transmission. For example, the priority of a transmission X whose numerology has not changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding the transmission X is higher than the priority of a transmission X whose numerology has not changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding the transmission X.

[0292] For example, in a case where transmission X and transmission Y overlap, if the numerology of transmission X has not changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding transmission X, and the numerology of transmission Y has changed from the numerology of the transmission preceding transmission Y, transmission X has a higher priority than transmission Y. Note that if there is no change in numerology in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the perspective of numerology may be the same. Also, if there is a change in numerology in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the perspective of numerology may be the same.

[0293] For example, the priority may be set based on the waveform. For example, when the waveform used during transmission is changed by selecting a waveform from among multiple candidate waveforms, the priority may be set based on the waveform. For example, candidate waveforms include DFT-S-OFDM waveforms.

[0294] For example, a priority is set for a transmission depending on whether the waveform of that transmission has been changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding that transmission. For example, if the waveform of a transmission X has not been changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding that transmission, the priority of that transmission X is higher than the priority of a transmission X if the waveform of that transmission X has been changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding that transmission.

[0295] For example, in a case where transmission X and transmission Y overlap, if the waveform of transmission X is unchanged from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding transmission X, and the waveform of transmission Y is changed from the waveform of the transmission immediately preceding transmission Y, the priority of transmission X is higher than the priority of transmission Y. Note that if there is no change in waveform in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the viewpoint of waveform may be the same. Also, if there is a change in waveform in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities from the viewpoint of waveform may be the same.

[0296] For example, the priority may be set based on the frequency. For example, when the frequency (for example, BWP or band) is changed, the priority may be set based on whether or not the frequency has changed.

[0297] For example, a priority may be set for a transmission depending on whether the frequency of the transmission has changed from the frequency of the transmission immediately preceding it. For example, if the frequency of a transmission X has not changed from the frequency of the transmission immediately preceding it, the priority of the transmission X is higher than the priority of the transmission X if the frequency of the transmission X has changed from the frequency of the transmission immediately preceding it.

[0298] For example, in a case where transmission X and transmission Y overlap, if the frequency of transmission X has not changed from the frequency of the transmission preceding transmission X, and the frequency of transmission Y has changed from the frequency of the transmission preceding transmission Y, the priority of transmission X is higher than the priority of transmission Y. Note that if there is no change in frequency in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of frequency may be the same. Also, if there is a change in frequency in both transmission X and transmission Y, the priorities in terms of frequency may be the same.

[0299] The A-IoT may be introduced within a guard band or in a standalone band. In other words, the A-IoT frequency may be provided within a guard band or in a standalone band.

[0300] The priority of the signal R may be the same as the priority of the corresponding signal Y / signal Z.

[0301] If an independent SL, or a transmission from int.UE to A-IoT, or a signal R consists of multiple transmissions, the priority may be set to the highest priority among the priorities of the multiple transmissions.

[0302] In the method β-2 described above, one of the operations related to two overlapping communications is performed and the other is not performed, thereby allowing the operations related to the two overlapping communications to be performed appropriately. Furthermore, not performing some of the operations related to the two communications can avoid the possibility of interference between the two communications.

[0303] In method β-2, "drop" may be replaced with "postponement." In this case, the above-mentioned "transmission to be executed" and "transmission to be dropped" may be replaced with "transmission to be executed without postponement" and "transmission to be executed after postponement," respectively.

[0304] In method β-2, each of the overlapping transmissions may be dropped and not transmitted. For example, if the priority of each of the overlapping transmissions is lower than a threshold, each of the overlapping transmissions may be dropped.

[0305] <β-3. Method of applying either Method β-1 or Method β-2 above (Method β-3)> In method β-3, either method β-1 or method β-2 is selectively applied. Whether method β-1 or method β-2 is applied in method β-3 may be determined based on the situation. For example, it may be determined based on at least one of the following:

[0306] Whether there is a full overlap or a partial overlap For example, if one of the time periods of two transmissions completely overlaps the other, the overlap of the two transmissions corresponds to a total overlap, and if there are portions of the time periods of the two transmissions that do not overlap, the overlap of the two transmissions corresponds to a partial overlap.

[0307] -Transmission power limit For example, if the transmission power is not sufficient for simultaneous transmission (e.g., method β-1), method β-2 is applied. If the transmission power is sufficient for simultaneous transmission (e.g., method β-1), method β-1 is applied.

[0308] Frequency resources (total bandwidth of overlapping transmissions) For example, if the bands of overlapping transmissions span a bandwidth wider than a threshold (eg, X MHz), method β-2 may be applied; otherwise, method β-1 may be applied.

[0309] Frequency resources (same band (same BWP, same band, etc.) or different bands (different BWP, different bands, etc.)) For example, if the overlapping transmissions are of the same BWP as each other, method β-1 may be applied, otherwise method β-2 may be applied. For example, if the overlapping transmissions are in the same cell group, method β-2 may be applied; otherwise, method β-1 may be applied.

[0310] Overlapping channel types / signal types For example, when there is overlap between "PSCCH / PSSCH (DG and / or CG) / PSFCH" and "signal Y / signal Z / signal R," method β-2 is applied. Also, when there is overlap between "S-SSB" and "signal Y / signal Z / signal R," method β-1 is applied.

[0311] UE capabilities (e.g., capabilities related to cell group / PUCCH group / RF-chain / band combination)

[0312] Numerology and / or SCS Based on the numerology and / or SCS, the method to be applied may be determined from Method β-1 and Method β-2. For example, in a case where Transmission X (e.g., an independent SL transmission) and Transmission Y (e.g., a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT) overlap, if the SCS of Transmission X is the same as the SCS of Transmission Y, Method β-1 may be applied. For example, in a case where Transmission X and Transmission Y overlap, if the SCS of Transmission X is not the same as the SCS of Transmission Y, Method β-2 may be applied.

[0313] ·Waveform For example, the method to be applied may be determined based on the waveform. The waveform may be associated with either method β-1 or method β-2, and the method associated with the waveform to be used may be applied.

[0314] In the method β-3 described above, the method to be applied to the overlapping transmissions is selected from among methods β-1 and β-2, so that operations relating to the two overlapping communications can be appropriately performed.

[0315] (Variation of Method β-3) In the case of an independent SL transmission, or a transmission from int.UE to A-IoT, or in the case where signal R is a multiple transmission, only method β-1 is applied if method β-1 is applied to all of the multiple transmissions.

[0316] In the case of an independent SL transmission, or a transmission from an int.UE to an A-IoT, or a case where the signal R is a plurality of transmissions, if method β-1 is not applied to all of the plurality of transmissions, method β-2 is applied. Here, the case where method β-1 is not applied to all of the plurality of transmissions may be the case where a method other than method β-1 is applied to at least one of the plurality of transmissions.

[0317] <β-4. Processing time> Next, processing time will be described. Here, processing time means the processing time of a UE (for example, int.UE) that allows the UE to complete processing.

[0318] A processing time is defined between receiving a scheduling for an int.UE for a transmission from the BS to the A-IoT UE and transmitting the corresponding scheduling. The int.UE performs transmission only if the defined processing time requirement is met.

[0319] The processing time may be defined for each numerology and / or SCS. For example, the processing time may be defined based on which numerology and / or SCS is used, or based on whether switching of the numerology and / or SCS is required. The processing time may be associated with which numerology and / or SCS is used, whether switching of the numerology and / or SCS is required, or whether switching of the numerology and / or SCS is required and the processing time may be associated with which numerology and / or SCS is used and whether switching of the numerology and / or SCS is required.

[0320] The processing time may be defined based on the waveform. For example, the processing time may be defined based on which waveform is used, or whether a waveform switch is required. The processing time may be associated with which waveform is used, or whether a waveform switch is required, or the processing time may be associated with which waveform is used and whether a waveform switch is required.

[0321] The processing time may be defined based on frequency (e.g., carrier / band). For example, the processing time may be defined based on which carrier / band is used, or based on whether carrier / band switching is required. The processing time may be associated with which carrier / band is used, whether carrier / band switching is required, or whether carrier / band is used and whether carrier / band switching is required.

[0322] Here, if there is overlap between multiple transmissions (multiple channels / signals), the UE assumes that the overlapping channels / signals also meet the above processing time. Here, the overlapping multiple transmissions include transmission X (e.g., an independent SL transmission) and transmission Y (e.g., a transmission from the int. UE to the A-IoT).

[0323] For example, for two overlapping channels X and Y, if the channel Y overlapping with channel X starts earlier than channel X, the processing time is compared with the time gap between receiving the scheduling from the BS and the overlapping channel Y. Note that channel X may be replaced by signal X, and channel Y may be replaced by signal Y.

[0324] For two overlapping transmissions (e.g., transmissions on channel X and channel Y), the time between the later of the two reception timings, i.e., the reception timing of the scheduled transmission for channel X and the reception timing of the scheduled transmission for channel Y, and the earlier of the two transmission timings, i.e., the transmission timing for channel X and the transmission timing for channel Y, may be compared with the processing time. If the time between the later of the two reception timings and the earlier of the two transmission timings is equal to or greater than the processing time, at least one of the two transmissions may be executed. For example, the two transmissions may be performed simultaneously, as in method β-1 above, or one of the two transmissions may be dropped, as in method β-2.

[0325] For example, in two overlapping channels X and Y, if the numerology of channel X and / or the numerology at the time of receiving the scheduling of channel X is different from the numerology of channel Y and / or the numerology at the time of receiving the scheduling of channel Y, the processing time is determined based on one of the following numerologies. Note that channel may be replaced with signal. Furthermore, the scheduling of transmission of channel X and the scheduling of transmission of channel Y may also be included in the above-mentioned numerology comparison. - The smaller of the two numerologies -Numerology, whichever is larger Numerology of the channel that starts first among multiple overlapping channels Numerology of the channel that starts later among overlapping channels Numerology of the channel with the larger time width among multiple overlapping channels Numerology of the channel with the smaller time width among multiple overlapping channels

[0326] For example, in two overlapping channels X and Y, if the SCS of channel X and / or the SCS at the time of receiving the scheduling of channel X is different from the SCS of channel Y and / or the SCS at the time of receiving the scheduling of channel Y, the processing time is determined based on one of the following SCSs. Note that the channel may be replaced with a signal. Furthermore, the scheduling of the transmission of channel X and the scheduling of the transmission of channel Y may also be included in the above-mentioned SCS comparison. -Whichever is smaller, SCS Whichever is larger, SCS - The SCS of the channel that starts first among multiple overlapping channels -SCS of the channel that starts later among multiple overlapping channels -SCS of the channel with the larger time width among multiple overlapping channels -SCS of the channel with the smaller time width among multiple overlapping channels

[0327] For example, for two overlapping channels X and Y, if the waveform of channel X differs from the waveform at the time of receiving the scheduling of channel X and / or channel Y and / or the waveform of channel Y, the processing time is determined based on one of the following waveforms. Note that the channel may be replaced with a signal. Furthermore, the scheduling of transmission of channel X and the scheduling of transmission of channel Y may also be included in the above-mentioned waveform comparison. The waveform associated with the waveform that takes longer to process than the other waveforms. - Waveform of the channel that starts first among multiple overlapping channels Waveform of the channel that starts later among multiple overlapping channels Waveform of the channel with the larger time width among multiple overlapping channels Waveform of the channel with the smaller time width among multiple overlapping channels

[0328] In the above β-4, the int.UE receives first scheduling information regarding the scheduling of a first communication (e.g., a transmission from the int.UE to the A-IoT) between the BS and the A-IoT UE via the int.UE, and executes the first communication scheduled by the first scheduling information after a processing time has elapsed since the reception of the first scheduling information. Then, if an overlap occurs between the first communication and a second communication (e.g., an independent SL transmission) between the int.UE and a UE other than the int.UE, the int.UE executes at least one of the first communication and the second communication after a processing time has elapsed since the reception of the first scheduling information.

[0329] According to β-4 above, when an int.UE communicates as an int.UE and / or when it performs communication other than communication as an int.UE, a specific processing time can be secured for the int.UE to perform signal processing, etc., from the time it receives scheduling information related to the communication until it performs transmission corresponding to the scheduling. Furthermore, even if communication as an int.UE overlaps with other communication (e.g., independent SL transmission), a specific processing time can be secured for the int.UE to perform signal processing, etc., from the time it receives scheduling until it performs transmission corresponding to the scheduling.

[0330] Methods β-1 to β-3 described in the above case β may be applied to overlap between transmission and reception, as well as overlap between transmission and reception, or overlap between reception and reception. For example, "transmission" in each of the above methods may be replaced with "reception."

[0331] There are two cases of overlap between transmission and reception: When an int.UE receives as an int.UE, other transmissions (e.g., independent SL transmissions) occur at the int.UE, and the reception as the int.UE and the other transmissions overlap in time. When an int.UE transmits as an int.UE, another reception occurs at the int.UE, and the transmission as int.UE and the other reception overlap in time.

[0332] Here, the other reception is reception independent of the operation as an int.UE. Hereinafter, reception independent of the operation as an int.UE may be referred to as independent reception (independent RX). For example, in case β, independent reception includes sidelink reception as a UE. Hereinafter, sidelink reception as a UE independent of the operation as an int.UE may be referred to as independent SL reception.

[0333] Reception as an int.UE includes receiving signals transmitted from the A-IoT UE to the int.UE and receiving signals transmitted from the base station to the int.UE.

[0334] Furthermore, there are the following cases of overlap between receptions: When an int.UE receives as an int.UE, other reception (for example, an independent SL reception) occurs at the int.UE, and the reception as the int.UE and the other reception overlap in time.

[0335] In the case of overlapping transmission and reception, any of methods β-1 to β-3 may be applied as follows. (i) When method β-1 is applied, transmission and reception are performed simultaneously. (ii) When method β-2 is applied, one of the transmission and reception is performed and the other is dropped. Which is performed and / or which is dropped may be determined based on the priority between the overlapping transmission and reception. (iii) When Method β-3 is applied, it is determined whether to apply Method β-1 or Method β-2 (e.g., either (i) or (ii) above). For example, as with Method β-3, the determination may be made based on circumstances. Here, the circumstances that contribute to the determination include at least one of whether there is full overlap or partial overlap, the type of overlapping channels / signals, the capability of the UE, etc.

[0336] In the case of overlapping reception, any of methods β-1 to β-3 may be applied as follows. (iv) When method β-1 is applied, overlapping reception is performed simultaneously. (v) When method β-2 is applied, one of the overlapping receptions is executed and the other is dropped. Which is executed and / or which is dropped may be determined based on the priority between the overlapping receptions. (vi) When Method β-3 is applied, it is determined whether to apply Method β-1 or Method β-2 (e.g., either (iv) or (v) above). For example, as with Method β-3, the determination may be made based on circumstances. Here, the circumstances that contribute to the determination include at least one of whether there is full overlap or partial overlap, the type of overlapping channels / signals, the capability of the UE, etc.

[0337] Although the above description has been given using an example of overlap between two operations (transmit and transmit, transmit and receive, receive and receive), the present disclosure is not limited to this example and may be applied to cases where overlap occurs between three or more operations.

[0338] For example, methods β-1 to β-3 may be applied to overlap between transmission and reception, or may be applied to overlap between transmission and reception.

[0339] For example, in a case where the transmission in step 2 (hereinafter, TX1) and the reception in step 3 (hereinafter, RX) of the communication flow overlap each other, and the transmission of an independent SL (hereinafter, TX2) further overlaps, any of the above methods β-1 to β-3 may be applied in the following manner. (vii) When method β-1 is applied, overlapping TX1, TX2 and RX are executed simultaneously. (viii) When method β-2 is applied, some of the overlapping operations are executed and the rest are dropped. For example, TX1 and RX are executed and TX2 is locked. Alternatively, TX2 is executed and TX1 and RX are locked. Which of the three overlapping operations is executed and / or which is dropped may be determined based on the priority among the overlapping operations (e.g., TX1, TX2, and RX). (ix) When Method β-3 is applied, it is determined whether to apply Method β-1 or Method β-2 (e.g., either (vii) or (viii) above). For example, as with Method β-3, the determination may be made based on circumstances. Here, the circumstances that contribute to the determination include at least one of whether there is full overlap or partial overlap, the type of overlapping channels / signals, the capability of the UE, etc.

[0340] Note that communication between the int.UE and the A-IoT UE may be classified as a sidelink from the perspective of the int.UE. In this case, the process (or operation) for the case of overlap between SL and SL may be applied to overlap #A'. Also, in this case, the process (or operation) for the case of overlap between SL and UL associated with SL may be applied to overlap #B'.

[0341] Alternatively, communication between the int.UE and the A-IoT UE may be classified as downlink / uplink from the perspective of the int.UE. For example, communication from the int.UE to the A-IoT UE is classified as downlink (DL), and communication from the A-IoT UE to the int.UE is classified as uplink (UL). In this case, the process (or operation) for the overlap case between Uu (e.g., UL) and SL may be applied to overlap #A'. Also, in this case, the process (or operation) for the overlap case between SL and UL may be applied to overlap #B'.

[0342] In the above-described case β, when an overlap occurs between a first communication between the int.UE and another UE and a second communication between the base station and the A-IoT UE via the int.UE, the int.UE decides to execute at least one of the first and second communications, and executes the determined at least one of the communications. This allows appropriate communication to be performed when a communication different from the communication in the A-IoT communication system overlaps.

[0343] In the above, a case where other communications overlapping with communications as an int.UE are communications between a UE and a base station (e.g., UL communications, DL communications) has been described as case α, and a case where other communications overlapping with communications as an int.UE are communications between UEs (e.g., SL communications) has been described as case β. Hereinafter, a case where other communications overlapping with communications as an int.UE include communications between a UE and a base station (e.g., UL communications, DL communications) and communications between UEs (e.g., SL communications) will be described as case γ.

[0344] <Case γ> In the case of overlapping handling of transmissions related to communication between the int.UE and the A-IoT UE, independent UL transmissions, and independent SL transmissions, these three types of overlaps may be handled together. For example, when a method in which one of the overlapping operations is performed and the rest is dropped, such as the above-mentioned method α-2 and method β-2, is applied, one transmission of the highest priority among the three types is performed and the rest is dropped. Alternatively, two transmissions of the highest priority among the three types may be performed and the transmission of the lowest priority may be dropped.

[0345] In the case of overlapping handling of transmissions related to communication between int.UE and A-IoT UE, independent UL transmissions, and independent SL transmissions, any two of these three types may be handled first, followed by the rest.

[0346] For example, when a method in which overlapping operations are performed and the rest are dropped, such as the above methods α-2 and β-2, is applied, the independent UL transmission and the independent SL transmission are handled first, and one of the two transmissions is dropped. After that, the transmissions that were not dropped and the transmissions related to communication between the int.UE and the A-IoT UE are handled, and one of the two transmissions is dropped.

[0347] When a method in which overlapping operations are performed and the rest are dropped, such as the above methods α-2 and β-2, is applied, the independent UL transmission and the transmission related to communication between the int.UE and the A-IoT UE are handled first, and one of the two transmissions is dropped. After that, the transmission that was not dropped and the independent SL transmission are handled, and one of the two transmissions is dropped.

[0348] When any two of the three types are handled first and then the remaining types are handled, the order of handling is not particularly limited.

[0349] Although the above description of case γ uses an example in which one of the overlapping operations is performed and the remaining operations are dropped, such as methods α-2 and β-2, the present disclosure is not limited to this. Methods such as methods α-1 and β-1 in which multiple operations are performed simultaneously, and methods such as method α-3 in which multiple transmissions are multiplexed may also be applied.

[0350] <Terminology> Here, we will explain the terms used in relation to the A-IoT mentioned above.

[0351] A-IoT device or device: a device included in an A-IoT system, having any of the multiple device types as described above.

[0352] Reader: D2R receiver The leader can be either a BS or a UE. The leader UE can be called an intermediate UE. The R2D transmitter and D2R receiver may be the same node or different nodes.

[0353] ·R2D: Abbreviation for Reader-to-Device Link. PRDCH: Physical R2D channel. D2R: Abbreviation for Device-to-Reader Link. PDRCH: Physical D2R channel.

[0354] ·DT traffic: Abbreviation for Device Terminated traffic. DT traffic is, for example, traffic that sends commands from a reader to a device and terminates at the device.

[0355] DO-DTT traffic: Device Originated-Device Terminated Trigger DO-DTT traffic is, for example, "inventory" traffic.

[0356] Timing acquisition signal / preamble / midamble / postamble / synchronization signal can be replaced with each other.

[0357] <Considerations> When a transmission (Tx) / reception (Rx) overlap occurs in an intermediate UE, the intermediate UE may handle the overlap in the following ways (1) to (2), as described in the related art above. (1) Simultaneous transmission with power allocation prioritization (2) Transmit (Tx) / receive (Rx) one of them and drop the other.

[0358] However, in the following cases (a) to (c), it is necessary to clarify how the intermediate UE handles overlapping, and further study is required. (a) When transmission (Tx) / reception (Rx) partially overlaps with other communications (b) When R2D / D2R / CW is repeatedly transmitted (c) CW 2-tone

[0359] For example, in case (b), if one or more repetitions overlap with another Tx / Rx, it is undetermined whether the intermediate UE drops the overlapped repetitions or all repetitions. Similarly, in case (c), if one of the tones overlaps with another Tx / Rx, it is undetermined whether the intermediate UE drops the overlapped tone or both tones.

[0360] Therefore, in this embodiment, a method for appropriately performing communication when multiple communications, including communications in an A-IoT communication system, overlap will be described.

[0361] In this embodiment, "time resource" and "time domain resource" may be interchangeable. In addition, in this embodiment, "frequency", "frequency resource", and "frequency domain resource" may be interchangeable. Similarly, in this embodiment, "code", "code resource", and "code domain resource" may be interchangeable. In addition, in this embodiment, "signal monitoring" may be interchangeable with "signal reception".

[0362] In addition, in this embodiment, "R2D," "R2D signal," "R2D message," and "R2D message type" may be interchangeable. In addition, in this embodiment, "D2R," "D2R signal," "D2R message," and "D2R message type" may be interchangeable.

[0363] The items described in the following proposals may be combined as appropriate as long as no contradictions arise.

[0364] In the following suggestions, the options may be combined as appropriate.

[0365] In the proposals below, different options may be applied on a case-by-case basis.

[0366] In the following proposal, the indication / configuration may be transmitted by physical (PHY) layer control information or higher layer payload (e.g., MAC (Medium Access Control) layer control information, Msg0 (paging), Msg2 (RAR (Random Access Response)), Msg4, unicast data, etc.).

[0367] In the following proposals, the instructions on the R2D may have the same meaning as above.

[0368] In the following proposal, the indication / configuration may be transmitted by the PRDCH or the R2D timing acquisition signal (preamble / midamble / postamble) / synchronization signal.

[0369] In the following proposal, a slot may be a time interval of 1 ms (ie, one slot in OFDM) or a slot in slotted ALOHA, or any other time domain unit consisting of one or more symbols.

[0370] In the following proposal, a symbol may be one OFDM symbol, M chips for OOK, or one modulation symbol for PSF / FSK.

[0371] In the following proposals, different alternatives / options may apply to R2D and D2R.

[0372] In the suggestions below, different alternatives / options may apply depending on the device type.

[0373] In the following proposals, different alternatives / options may apply to different connection topologies.

[0374] In the following proposal, different alternatives / options may be applied to different R2D / D2R channels (PRDCH: PHY channel for R2D control, PDRCH: PHY channel for D2R control).

[0375] In the following proposal, different alternatives / options may apply for different R2D / D2R information / formats / commands (R2D data, R2D control, R2D system information, R2D information triggering contention-based access, D2R data, D2R control, D2R ACK / NACK response, D2R response in contention-based access (Msg1 / Msg3)).

[0376] In the following, "CW / R2D / D2R transmission" may also be referred to as communication in a wireless communication system including an A-IoT device, communication of an A-IoT device, communication with an A-IoT device, communication involving an A-IoT device, etc.

[0377] In the following, notifications may be carried in the physical (PHY) layer / MAC layer / Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer / a new layer defined for A-IoT.

[0378] <Premise> The assumptions for this proposal are as follows: · Intermediate UEs can be replaced by CW nodes. The overlap may be time-based but not frequency-based. Overlap is time-overlapped and possibly frequency-overlapped "Overlap" may include transmit (Tx) / receive (Rx) in the same time unit (e.g., slot) without actual timing overlap. "Overlap" may include transmissions (Tx) / receptions (Rx) that do not overlap in time but do not have a sufficient gap between them. "Overlap" may include cases where there is no actual frequency overlap but where transmission (Tx) / reception (Rx) occurs in the same frequency range / band. "Overlap" may include transmit (Tx) / receive (Rx) that do not overlap in frequency but do not have sufficient guard bands between them. The processing operation for the overlap may be the same as at least one operation shown in the related art. Note that the processing operation for the overlap may also be referred to as an overlap processing operation. Regarding priority, at least one priority definition similar to that shown in the related art may be reused.

[0379] Note that transmit (Tx) / receive (Rx) overlap may mean the following: Overlap between Uu / SL (sidelink) Tx and A-IoT Tx Overlap between Uu / SL Tx and A-IoT Rx Overlap between Uu / SL Rx and A-IoT Tx Overlap between Uu / SL Rx and A-IoT Rx

[0380] <Proposal 1> Proposal 1 describes a case where R2D transmission / D2R reception / CW transmission / UL transmission / DL reception / SL transmission / SL reception partially overlaps with other transmission / reception. Here, the other transmission / reception is a transmission / reception different from the overlapping transmission / reception, and may be, for example, at least one of R2D transmission / D2R reception / CW transmission / UL transmission / DL reception / SL transmission / SL reception. This partial overlap may include any of the following: · Transmit / receive may be partially overlapping in time, fully overlapping in frequency, partially overlapping in frequency, or non-overlapping in frequency. · Transmit / receive are fully overlapped in time and partially overlapped in frequency.

[0381] <Option 1 of Proposal 1> In option 1, the intermediate UE performs overlap processing operations only on the overlapping portions. In option 1, the non-overlapping portions are not affected. That is, transmission / reception of the non-overlapping portions may be performed. The overlapping portions may be referred to as overlapping portions.

[0382] For example, for the overlap portion, the intermediate UE transmits both signals simultaneously, where both signals may be two overlapping signals, and the transmit power of each transmission may be allocated based on priority.

[0383] For example, for the overlapping portion, the intermediate UE performs one of the two overlapping transmissions / receptions based on priority and drops the other one.

[0384] The granularity of overlap processing may be defined. For example, the granularity of overlap processing may be defined in terms of time as chips / bits / groups of chips / groups of bits, etc. Also, the granularity of overlap processing may be defined in terms of frequency as subcarriers / RBs, for example.

[0385] Variation of Option 1: In the case of a drop operation, the intermediate UE may drop the actual overlap portion and a specific period (e.g., a period of time T) before and / or after the actual overlap portion. The specific period may be set based on, for example, the time required for switching between transmit and receive processes. Dropping the specific period allows for potential transmit / receive switching time.

[0386] <Option 2 of Proposal 1> In option 2, the UE (eg, intermediate UE) performs the same overlap processing operation for the entire transmission / reception.

[0387] In option 2, for example, the transmit power may be determined based on the overlapping portion, and the same transmit power may be applied to the entire transmission. That is, the transmit power for both the overlapping and non-overlapping portions may be determined based on the overlapping portion. The transmit power determination may be performed by the UE.

[0388] Alternatively, in option 2, for example, an intermediate UE performs some transmissions or receptions and drops other transmissions / receptions based on priority. For example, among multiple overlapping transmissions, the highest priority transmission is performed and all transmissions other than the highest priority transmission are dropped. In this case, the non-overlapping portions of the transmissions other than the highest priority transmission are also dropped.

[0389] Fig. 23 is a diagram showing an example comparing the options of Proposal 1. Fig. 23 shows an example of a situation in which UL transmission and R2D transmission overlap in the time direction, and examples in which Option 1, a variation of Option 1, and Option 2 of Proposal 1 are applied to that situation. Note that the horizontal axis in each example represents the time axis.

[0390] As shown in Figure 23, in Option 1, the R2D transmission is partially dropped, and the remaining R2D transmission is carried out. In a variation of Option 1, the R2D transmission is partially dropped, and also dropped for a period of time T before and after. In Option 2, the R2D transmission is dropped entirely.

[0391] In Proposal 1 above, when an overlap occurs between a part of a first communication operation and a second communication operation different from the first communication operation, the intermediate UE determines a communication operation to be performed between the part of the first communication operation and the second communication operation.The intermediate UE then performs the determined communication operation.The first communication operation is, for example, one of R2D transmission / D2R reception / CW transmission / UL transmission / DL reception / SL transmission / SL reception.The second communication operation is, for example, one of R2D transmission / D2R reception / CW transmission / UL transmission / DL reception / SL transmission / SL reception, and is an operation different from the first communication operation.

[0392] For example, in Option 1 of Proposal 1, overlap processing operations are applied to the overlapping parts, and non-overlapping parts are not affected. In Option 2 of Proposal 1, the same overlap processing operations are applied to the entire system, including the overlapping parts and non-overlapping parts. This allows for appropriate communication when multiple communications, including communications in an A-IoT communication system, overlap with each other.

[0393] <Proposal 1A> Proposal 1A is an example in which repeated transmission is performed as another variation of the above Proposal 1. Proposal 1A describes a case in which an intermediate UE performs R2D transmission / D2R reception / CW transmission / UL transmission / DL reception / SL transmission / SL reception with repetition, and one or more of the repetitions overlap with other transmissions / receptions.

[0394] <Option 1 of Proposal 1A> In option 1, the intermediate UE performs overlapping processing operations only for overlapping repetitions. In option 1, non-overlapping repetitions are not affected, i.e., transmission / reception of non-overlapping repetitions may be performed. Overlapping repetitions may also be referred to as overlapping repetitions.

[0395] Note that the same behavior as in Proposal 1 may be applied to overlapping repetitions. For example, similar to Proposal 1, the intermediate UE may transmit both overlapping signals simultaneously. In this case, the transmit power of each transmission may be allocated based on priority. Alternatively, similar to Proposal 1, the intermediate UE may perform one of the overlapping transmissions / receptions based on priority and drop the other.

[0396] Option 1 Variation 1: The different options in Proposal 1 above are applied between the repeat and non-repeatable cases.

[0397] Variation 2 of Option 1: If an overlap with a signal X occurs in the iteration i (i is an integer between 1 and N, inclusive, where N is the number of iterations), and another overlap with a signal Y occurs in the iteration j (j is an integer between 1 and N, inclusive), then an overlap processing operation is applied to each overlap.

[0398] <Option 2 of Proposal 1A> In Option 2, the UE (e.g., the intermediate UE) performs the same overlap processing operation for the entire transmission / reception. That is, in Option 2, the UE (e.g., the intermediate UE) performs the same overlap processing operation for all repetitions.

[0399] In Option 2, for example, the transmission power may be determined based on the overlapping portion and the same transmission power may be applied to all repetitions. The determination of the transmission power may be performed by the UE. For example, in the i-th repetition (where i is an integer from 1 to N, and N is the number of repetitions), if an overlap occurs, the transmission power is determined based on the i-th repetition, and the same transmission power as the i-th repetition may be applied to the 1st to N-th repetitions other than the i-th repetition.

[0400] Alternatively, in Option 2, for example, the intermediate UE performs a certain transmission or reception repetition based on the priority and drops other repetitions. For example, among a plurality of overlapping repeated transmissions, the most prioritized repeated transmission is executed, and the entire repeated transmissions other than the most prioritized repeated transmission are dropped. In this case, in the repeated transmissions other than the most prioritized repeated transmission, non-overlapping transmissions are also dropped.

[0401] <Variant 1 of Option 2> In the i-th repetition (where i is an integer from 1 to N, and N is the number of repetitions), if an overlap with a certain signal X occurs, and in the j-th repetition (where j is an integer from 1 to N), another overlap with signal Y occurs, any of the following applies. · The overlap processing operation for any overlap is applied. · If i < j, the overlap processing operation based on the i-th repetition is applied until before the j-th repetition, and then the overlap processing operation based on the j-th repetition is applied to the remaining part.

[0402] <Variant 2 of Option 2> If an intermediate UE drops an overlapped repetition, the intermediate UE drops all repetitions after the overlapped repetition, and in this case, the intermediate UE does not need to drop the repetition before the overlapped repetition.

[0403] Fig. 24 is a diagram showing an example comparing the options of Proposal 1A. Fig. 24 shows an example of a situation in which UL transmission and a portion of R2D repeated transmission overlap, and an example in which Option 1, Option 2, and Variation 2 of Option 2 of Proposal 1A are applied to that situation. Note that the horizontal axis in each example represents the time axis.

[0404] As shown in Figure 24, in an example of Option 1, overlapping R2D repeats are partially dropped, and in an example of Option 2, the R2D repeat transmission is dropped entirely. In an example of Variation 2 of Option 2, among the R2D repeat transmissions, the overlapping R2D repeat and all subsequent repeats are dropped.

[0405] The repetition of CW may be "CW corresponding to D2R repetition." Also, the repetition of CW may be "frequency hopping" of CW.

[0406] In Proposal 1A described above, when an overlap occurs between a portion of a first communication operation and a second communication operation different from the first communication operation, the intermediate UE determines a communication operation to be performed between the portion of the first communication operation and the second communication operation. The intermediate UE then performs the determined communication operation. The first communication operation is, for example, a repeated operation of any one of R2D transmission, D2R reception, CW transmission, UL transmission, DL reception, SL transmission, and SL reception, and the portion of the first communication operation is at least one of the repeated operations. The second communication operation is, for example, any one of R2D transmission, D2R reception, CW transmission, UL transmission, DL reception, SL transmission, and SL reception, and is an operation different from the first communication operation.

[0407] For example, in Option 1 of Proposal 1A, overlap processing operations are applied to overlapping portions, and non-overlapping portions are not affected. Also, in Option 2 of Proposal 1A, the same overlap processing operations are applied to the entire repetition, including overlapping and non-overlapping portions. This allows for appropriate communication when multiple communications overlap each other, even if at least one of the multiple communications, including communications in an A-IoT communication system, is repeated.

[0408] <Proposal 1B> Proposal 1B describes a case where an intermediate UE performs CW transmission with a multi-tone waveform, and at least one of the multiple tones overlaps with other transmissions / receptions. Note that tone may be replaced with a carrier, frequency, band, etc.

[0409] <Option 1 of Proposal 1B> In option 1, the intermediate UE performs overlap processing operations only on overlapped tones. Non-overlapping tones are not affected in option 1. That is, CW transmission of non-overlapping tones may be performed.

[0410] For CWs of overlapping tones, the intermediate UE may transmit the overlapping tones, or alternatively, for CWs of overlapping tones, the intermediate UE may drop the overlapping tones based on priority, or alternatively, for CWs of overlapping tones, the intermediate UE may either transmit or drop the overlapping tones based on priority.

[0411] Note that for overlapping CW tones, the same behavior as in Proposal 1 may be applied. For example, similar to Proposal 1, the intermediate UE may transmit both overlapping signals simultaneously. In this case, the transmit power of each transmission may be allocated based on priority. Alternatively, similar to Proposal 1, the intermediate UE may perform one of the overlapping transmissions / receptions based on priority and drop the other.

[0412] <Option 2 of Proposal 1B> In option 2, the UE (e.g., intermediate UE) performs the same overlap processing operation for the entire transmission / reception, i.e., in option 2, the UE (e.g., intermediate UE) performs the same overlap processing operation for all tones.

[0413] For example, in option 2, the intermediate UE transmits a CW of all tones. Alternatively, in option 2, the intermediate UE drops a CW of all tones. For example, the intermediate UE may transmit a CW of all tones or drop a CW of all tones based on priority.

[0414] Fig. 25 is a diagram showing an example comparing each option of Proposal 1B. Fig. 25 shows an example of a situation in which the tone of frequency f1, one of two tones for UL transmission and CW transmission, overlaps in the time direction, and examples in which Option 1 and Option 2 of Proposal 1B are applied to that situation. In each example, the horizontal axis represents the time axis, and the vertical axis represents the frequency axis.

[0415] As shown in Figure 25, in an example of Option 1, the CW transmission of the overlapping tones at frequency f1 is dropped, and in an example of Option 2, the CW transmission of the tones at both frequency f1 and frequency f2 is dropped.

[0416] Note that a multi-tone waveform is multiple unmodulated single tones, one at each frequency point.

[0417] In Proposal 1B described above, when an overlap occurs between a part of a first communication operation and a second communication operation different from the first communication operation, the intermediate UE determines a communication operation to be performed between the part of the first communication operation and the second communication operation. The intermediate UE then performs the determined communication operation. Note that the first communication operation is, for example, a multi-tone CW transmission, and the part of the first communication operation is a CW transmission of at least one tone of the multi-tone. The second communication operation is, for example, any one of R2D transmission, D2R reception, CW transmission, UL transmission, DL reception, SL transmission, and SL reception, and is an operation different from the first communication operation.

[0418] For example, in Option 1 of Proposal 1B, overlap processing operations are applied to CW transmissions of overlapping tones, while CW transmissions of non-overlapping tones are not affected. Also, in Option 2 of Proposal 1B, the same overlap processing operations are applied to the entire system, including overlapping and non-overlapping tones. This allows for appropriate communication in A-IoT communication systems when CW transmissions of some tones in a multi-tone CW transmission overlap with other communications.

[0419] Although the above proposals have been given with reference to cases where two transmissions / receptions overlap, the present disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the present disclosure may be applied to cases where three or more transmissions / receptions overlap.

[0420] Furthermore, in the above proposals, examples have been shown in which overlap processing operations are applied to two overlapping transmissions / receptions based on priority, but the present disclosure is not limited to this. For example, in the above proposals, overlap processing operations may be applied to two overlapping transmissions / receptions based on information other than priority, or overlap processing operations may be applied to two overlapping transmissions / receptions based on at least one of a specification definition, a system definition, an instruction from a network, etc.

[0421] In addition, although the above proposals have shown examples in which an intermediate UE performs operations, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Operations similar to those of the intermediate UE in the above proposals may be performed by a BS, or may be performed by another communication device, a CW node, or an A-IoT device.

[0422] The device may report the support status of each of the above-mentioned proposals and each option of each proposal to a network (e.g., a base station) as capability information. You may also set / instruct the

[0423] In this embodiment, "R2D," "R2D signal," "R2D message," and "R2D message type" may be interchangeable. Also, in this embodiment, "D2R," "D2R signal," "D2R message," and "D2R message type" may be interchangeable.

[0424] R2D reception may correspond to the device receiving a signal / channel / information transmitted by a reader. Alternatively, R2D reception may correspond to a signal / channel / information transmitted by a reader and received by a device. Note that the reader transmitting a signal / channel / information to a device, or the transmitted signal / channel / information, may also be referred to as "R2D transmission."

[0425] D2R transmission may correspond to the act of a device transmitting a signal / channel / information to a reader. Alternatively, D2R transmission may correspond to the signal / channel / information transmitted by a device and received by a reader. Note that the act of a reader receiving a signal / channel / information from a device, or the received signal / channel / information, may be referred to as "D2R reception."

[0426] In the following, notifications / indications may be carried in the physical (PHY) layer / MAC (Medium Access Control) layer / RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer / a new layer defined for A-IoT.

[0427] In the present disclosure, A / B may mean at least one of A and B. In the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0428] In the present disclosure, higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, and the like, or a combination thereof.

[0429] The MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. The broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0430] The physical layer signaling may be, for example, downlink control information (DCI).

[0431] <Device configuration> Next, the configurations of the base station 10 and the device 20 will be described. Note that the configurations of the base station 10 and the device 20 described below are examples of functions related to the present embodiment. The base station 10 and the device 20 may have functions not shown. Furthermore, the functional divisions and / or names of the functional units are not limited as long as the functions perform the operations related to the present embodiment.

[0432] <Base station configuration> 26 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station 10 according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes, for example, a transmitting unit 101, a receiving unit 102, and a control unit 103. The base station 10 communicates with a device 20 (see FIG. 27) wirelessly. The base station 10 may be a terminal (an intermediate UE communicating with the device 20) or a CW node.

[0433] The transmitter 101 transmits a downlink (DL) signal to the device 20. For example, the transmitter 101 transmits the DL signal under the control of the controller 103.

[0434] The DL signal may include, for example, a downlink data signal and control information (e.g., DCI (Downlink Control Information)). The DL signal may also include information indicating scheduling related to signal transmission of the device 20 (e.g., an UL grant). The DL signal may also include control information of higher layers (e.g., control information of RRC (Radio Resource Control)). The DL signal may also include a reference signal.

[0435] The channels used for transmitting DL signals include, for example, a data channel and a control channel. For example, the data channel may include a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), and the control channel may include a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel). For example, the base station 10 transmits control information to the device 20 using the PDCCH and transmits downlink data signals using the PDSCH.

[0436] The reference signals included in the DL signal may include at least one of, for example, a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), a Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), a Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) for position information. For example, reference signals such as the DMRS and PTRS are used for demodulating downlink data signals and are transmitted using the PDSCH.

[0437] The receiving unit 102 receives an uplink (UL) signal transmitted from the device 20. For example, the receiving unit 102 receives the UL signal under the control of the control unit 103.

[0438] The control unit 103 controls the communication operations of the base station 10, including the transmission processing of the transmission unit 101 and the reception processing of the reception unit 102. For example, the control unit 103 performs operations other than the transmission and reception described in the above embodiment (note that these operations may be performed by the reception unit 102 and / or the transmission unit 101).

[0439] For example, the control unit 103 acquires information such as data and control information from the upper layer and outputs it to the transmitting unit 101. The control unit 103 also outputs the data, control information, etc. received from the receiving unit 102 to the upper layer.

[0440] For example, the control unit 103 allocates resources (or channels) used for transmitting and receiving DL signals and / or resources used for transmitting and receiving UL signals based on a signal (e.g., data and control information, etc.) received from the device 20 and / or data and control information, etc. acquired from a higher layer. Information on the allocated resources may be included in control information transmitted to the device 20.

[0441] The control unit 103 configures PUCCH resources as an example of allocation of resources used for transmitting and receiving UL signals. Information related to PUCCH configuration such as a PUCCH cell timing pattern (PUCCH configuration information) may be notified to the device 20 by RRC.

[0442] Here, the transmitting unit 101 and the receiving unit 102 (which may be collectively referred to as a communication unit) communicate with the device 20.

[0443] When communication is performed between the base station 10 and the device 20, the transmitter 101 may transmit R2D or CW to the device 20. The receiver 102 may receive D2R from the device 20. The controller 103 controls transmission of R2D and CW in the transmitter 101, and reception of D2R in the receiver 102. The transmission control may include control of transmission power, setting of transmission resources (e.g., transmission time, transmission frequency), transmission signal processing (e.g., encoding, modulation, up-conversion), etc. The reception control may include control of reception power, setting of reception resources (reception time, reception frequency), reception signal processing (e.g., decoding, demodulation, down-conversion), etc. When communication is performed between the base station 10 and the device 20, the base station 10 may be a terminal (an intermediate UE communicating with the device 20) or a CW node.

[0444] For example, when the base station 10 is an intermediate UE communicating with the device 20, if there is an overlap between a part of a first communication operation and a second communication operation different from the first communication operation, the control unit 103 of the base station 10 determines a communication operation to be performed between the part of the first communication operation and the second communication operation. The communication unit performs the communication operation determined by the control unit 103. For example, the first communication operation is, for example, one of R2D transmission / D2R reception / CW transmission / UL transmission / DL reception / SL transmission / SL reception. Furthermore, the second communication operation is, for example, one of R2D transmission / D2R reception / CW transmission / UL transmission / DL reception / SL transmission / SL reception, and is an operation different from the first communication operation.

[0445] <Device configuration> 27 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration of a device 20 according to an embodiment. The device 20 includes, for example, a receiving unit 201, a transmitting unit 202, and a control unit 203. The device 20 communicates with, for example, a base station 10 wirelessly. The device 20 may be a terminal (for example, an intermediate UE) or a CW node.

[0446] The receiving unit 201 receives a DL signal transmitted from the base station 10. For example, the receiving unit 201 receives the DL signal under the control of the control unit 203.

[0447] The transmitter 202 transmits the UL signal to the base station 10. For example, the transmitter 202 transmits the UL signal under the control of the controller 203.

[0448] The UL signal may include, for example, an uplink data signal and control information (e.g., UCI (Uplink Control Information)). For example, information related to the processing capability of the device 20 (e.g., A-IoT capability) may be included. The UL signal may also include a reference signal.

[0449] The channels used for transmitting UL signals include, for example, a data channel and a control channel. For example, the data channel may include a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), and the control channel may include a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel). For example, the device 20 transmits control information from the base station 10 using the PUCCH and transmits uplink data signals using the PUSCH.

[0450] The reference signals included in the UL signal may include, for example, at least one of DMRS, PTRS, CSI-RS, SRS, and PRS. For example, the reference signals such as DMRS and PTRS are used for demodulating the uplink data signal and are transmitted using an uplink channel (for example, PUSCH).

[0451] The control unit 203 controls communication operations of the device 20, including reception processing in the receiving unit 201 and transmission processing in the transmitting unit 202. For example, the control unit 203 performs operations other than the transmission and reception described in the above embodiment (note that these operations may be performed by the receiving unit 201 and / or the transmitting unit 202).

[0452] For example, the control unit 203 acquires information such as data and control information from a higher layer and outputs it to the transmitting unit 202. Also, the control unit 203 outputs, for example, the data and control information received from the receiving unit 201 to the higher layer.

[0453] For example, the control unit 203 controls transmission of information to be fed back to the base station 10. The information to be fed back to the base station 10 may include, for example, HARQ ACK / NACK, may include Channel State Information (CSI), or may include a Scheduling Request (SR). The information to be fed back to the base station 10 may be included in UCI. The UCI is transmitted, for example, in PUCCH resources.

[0454] Control unit 203 configures PUCCH resources based on configuration information (for example, configuration information such as a PUCCH cell timing pattern and / or DCI notified by RRC) received from base station 10. Control unit 203 determines PUCCH resources to be used for transmitting information to be fed back to base station 10. Under the control of control unit 203, transmission unit 202 transmits the information to be fed back to base station 10 in the PUCCH resources determined by control unit 203.

[0455] Note that the channel used for transmitting the DL signal and the channel used for transmitting the UL signal are not limited to the above-mentioned examples. For example, the channel used for transmitting the DL signal and the channel used for transmitting the UL signal may include a Random Access Channel (RACH) and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH). The RACH may be used to transmit DCI including a Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RA-RNTI), for example.

[0456] Here, the receiving unit 201 and the transmitting unit 202 (which may be collectively referred to as a communication unit) communicate with the network, such as the base station 10 and intermediate UE.

[0457] When communication is performed between the base station 10 and the device 20, the receiver 201 may receive an R2D transmitted by the base station 10. The transmitter 202 may transmit a D2R to the base station 10. Depending on the type of the device 20, the receiver 201 may acquire a CW transmitted by the base station 10, and the transmitter 202 may transmit a D2R to the base station 10 based on the CW. The controller 203 performs reception control of the receiver 201 receiving the R2D and acquiring the CW, and transmission control of the transmitter 202 transmitting the D2R. The transmission control may include control of transmission power, setting of transmission resources (e.g., transmission time, transmission frequency), transmission signal processing (e.g., encoding, modulation, upconversion), etc. The reception control may include control of reception power, setting of reception resources (reception time, reception frequency), reception signal processing (e.g., decoding, demodulation, downconversion), etc. The transmission control may also include control of backscattering based on the CW.

[0458] The present disclosure has been described above. Note that the division of items in the above description is not essential to the present disclosure, and items described in two or more items may be used in combination as needed, and items described in one item may be applied to items described in another item (unless they are inconsistent).

[0459] <Hardware configuration, etc.> The block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of hardware and / or software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are connected directly or indirectly (for example, by wire, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may also be realized by combining the single device or the multiple devices with software.

[0460] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocation, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how these functions are implemented.

[0461] For example, a base station, a device, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 28 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a device according to the embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and device 20 may be physically configured as a computer including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0462] In the following description, the term "apparatus" can be interpreted as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the device 20 may be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the apparatuses.

[0463] Each function in the base station 10 and the device 20 is realized by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication by the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0464] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by running, for example, an operating system. The processor 1001 may be configured by a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, the above-mentioned control unit 103 and control unit 203 may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0465] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 103 of the base station 10 and the control unit 203 of the device 20 may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and similar implementations may be made for other functional blocks. While the above-described various processes have been described as being executed by one processor 1001, they may also be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0466] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured, for example, by at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), etc. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, a cache, a main memory (primary storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0467] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of at least one of, for example, an optical disk such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray disc), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy disk, a magnetic strip, etc. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other appropriate medium including at least one of memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0468] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitter 101, receiver 102, receiver 201, transmitter 202, etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004.

[0469] The input device 1005 is an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (for example, a touch panel).

[0470] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0471] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the device 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0472] <Information notification, signaling> The notification of information is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB))), other signals, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

[0473] <Applicable systems> Embodiments described in the present disclosure may be applied to at least one of a system using LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6G (6th generation mobile communication system), xG (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal point)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, UWB (Ultra-Wideband), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable systems, and next generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based on these. Furthermore, a combination of multiple systems (for example, a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G) may be applied.

[0474] <Processing procedures, etc.> The order of the procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless it is consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0475] <Base station operation> In the present disclosure, a specific operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by at least one of the base station and another network node other than the base station (for example, but not limited to, an MME or an S-GW). Although the above example illustrates a case where there is one other network node other than the base station, a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW) may also be used.

[0476] <Input / output direction> Information, etc. (see the section on information and signals) can be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer). It may also be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0477] <Handling of input and output information> Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or added to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be sent to another device.

[0478] <Judgment method> The determination may be made based on a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (true or false), or a numerical comparison (e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0479] <Variations of form, etc.> Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, notification of predetermined information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to being done explicitly, but may be done implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the predetermined information).

[0480] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and does not have any limiting meaning on the present disclosure.

[0481] <Software> Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0482] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0483] <Information, Signals> The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0484] Note that terms explained in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

[0485] <System, Network> As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

[0486] <Parameter, channel name> Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0487] The names used for the above-described parameters are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0488] <Base station> In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0489] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (RRH: Remote Radio Head)). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the entire coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within this coverage.

[0490] In the present disclosure, the base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control or operate based on the information.

[0491] <Mobile station> In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0492] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0493] <Base station / mobile station> At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, etc. The mobile object refers to a movable object, and may move at any speed. Naturally, this also includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of the mobile object include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile object may also be a mobile object that moves autonomously based on an operational command. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0494] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a terminal. For example, the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a terminal is replaced with communication between multiple terminals (which may be called, for example, D2D (Device-to-Device) or V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything)). In this case, the device 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a side channel.

[0495] Similarly, the term "terminal" in the present disclosure may be interpreted as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the device 20 described above.

[0496] Fig. 29 shows an example configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in Fig. 29, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on the vehicle 2001, and may be applied to the communication module 2013, for example.

[0497] The drive unit 2002 is configured, for example, by an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle), and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0498] The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 2010 from various sensors 2021 to 2029 provided in the vehicle 2001. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0499] The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, an air pressure signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

[0500] The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 2013, etc., to provide various multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001.

[0501] The information service unit 2012 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0502] The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving burden, such as a millimeter-wave radar, a LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), a camera, a positioning locator (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) map, autonomous vehicle (AV) map, etc.), a gyro system (e.g., an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), an INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), an AI (Artificial Intelligence) chip, and an AI processor, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 2030 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize the driving assistance function or the autonomous driving function.

[0503] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 29, which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0504] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

[0505] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 2021-2029 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021-2029, the information service unit 2012, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0506] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on the information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 2013 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0507] Furthermore, the communication module 2013 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, and the like provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0508] <Terminology and interpretation> As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, and the like. "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and the like. Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. as having been "judged" or "decided." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

[0509] The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0510] <Reference signal> The reference signal may be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal) or may be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0511] <The meaning of "based on"> As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0512] <"First", "Second"> As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0513] <Means> In the configurations of the above-described apparatuses, the "means" may be replaced with "section", "circuit", "device", or the like.

[0514] <Open format> In the present disclosure, when the terms "include", "including", and their variants are used, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising". Further, the term "or" used in the present disclosure is not intended to be an exclusive disjunction.

[0515] <Time units such as TTI, frequency units such as RB, radio frame configuration> A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be referred to as a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that does not depend on numerology.

[0516] Numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a certain signal or channel. Numerology may indicate, for example, at least one of subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processing performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0517] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0518] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0519] The radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals, and may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol.

[0520] For example, one subframe may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0521] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0522] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0523] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0524] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0525] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.

[0526] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be determined based on numerology.

[0527] The time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0528] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, or the like.

[0529] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0530] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a given BWP and numbered within that BWP.

[0531] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0532] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0533] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0534] <Maximum transmission power> The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0535] <Article> In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0536] <"Different"> In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different." [Industrial Applicability]

[0537] One aspect of the present disclosure is useful in wireless communication systems. [Explanation of symbols]

[0538] 10 base station 20 devices 101,202 Transmitter 102,201 Receiver 103,203 Control unit

Claims

1. a control unit that, when an overlap occurs between a part of a first communication operation and a second communication operation different from the first communication operation, determines a communication operation to be executed between the part of the first communication operation and the second communication operation; a communication unit that performs a communication operation determined by the control unit; A terminal comprising:

2. the control unit determines to execute the first communication operation excluding the part. The terminal according to claim 1 .

3. the control unit determines to perform the same operation for the part of the first communication operations and the part of the first communication operations excluding the part of the first communication operations. The terminal according to claim 1 .

4. the first communication operation is an operation involving repetition, and the part of the first communication operation is at least one of the repetitions; The terminal according to claim 1 .

5. the first communication operation is a transmission operation of an unmodulated wave of a plurality of tones, and the part of the first communication operations is a transmission operation of an unmodulated wave of at least one of the plurality of tones. The terminal according to claim 1 .

6. The device is When an overlap occurs between a part of a first communication operation and a second communication operation different from the first communication operation, determining a communication operation to be executed between the part of the first communication operation and the second communication operation; performing the determined communication action; Communication method.

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