Terminal, radio communication method, and base station

Abstract

To achieve appropriate CSI feedback based on CSI prediction / compression.SOLUTION: A terminal according to an aspect of the present disclosure has: a receiving section that receives signaling related to historical channel state information (CSI); and a control section that controls the state of an artificial intelligence (AI) model for the historical CSI on the basis of information indicated by the signaling.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system. [Background technology]

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later) are also being considered. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Regarding future wireless communication technologies, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques such as machine learning (ML) for network / device control and management is being considered. For example, Channel State Information (CSI) compression using a two-sided AI model is being considered as a use case for utilizing AI models. Such a CSI compression method may be called AI-based CSI feedback and may be realized using, for example, an autoencoder.

[0006] Two-sided model-based CSI compression in the time-spatial-frequency (TSF) domain (hereinafter simply referred to as TSF compression) has been investigated, which introduces temporal CSI prediction. TSF-domain two-sided model-based CSI compression uses multiple CSI measurements over a period of time (at different times) for CSI compression, and can also be used to predict future CSI.

[0007] In TSF compression, when a network reconstructs CSI using multiple CSI reports (at different times) about historical CSI, if there are any gaps in these multiple CSI reports or if there is a timing misalignment between the network (NW) and the UE, the NW model may fail to reconstruct the CSI. In other words, if the NW and the UE have different understandings of historical information related to the CSI, the accuracy of the CSI reconstruction may be affected.

[0008] Unless a method for appropriately dealing with the gaps / inconsistencies in historical information described above is clarified, it will be impossible to achieve appropriate CSI feedback based on CSI prediction / compression, which could result in reduced communication throughput and degradation of communication quality.

[0009] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can realize appropriate CSI feedback based on CSI prediction / compression. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a receiver that receives signaling related to historical channel state information (CSI), and a controller that controls a state of an artificial intelligence (AI) model for the historical CSI based on information indicated by the signaling. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, appropriate CSI feedback based on CSI prediction / compression can be achieved. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a framework for managing AI models. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a fallback operation of historical CSI according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating another example of a fallback operation of historical CSI according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating yet another example of a fallback operation of historical CSI according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] (CSI report or reporting) In NR, a terminal (also referred to as a user terminal, User Equipment (UE), etc.) generates (also referred to as determining, calculating, estimating, measuring, etc.) Channel State Information (CSI) based on a Reference Signal (RS) (or a resource for the RS), and transmits (also referred to as reporting, feeding back, etc.) the generated CSI to a network (e.g., a base station). The CSI may be transmitted to the base station using, for example, an uplink control channel (e.g., a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)) or an uplink shared channel (e.g., a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)).

[0014] The RS used to generate the CSI may be, for example, at least one of a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel (SS / PBCH) block, a Synchronization Signal (SS), a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), etc.

[0015] The CSI-RS may include at least one of a Non-Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS and a CSI-Interference Management (CSI-IM). The SS / PBCH block is a block including an SS and a PBCH (and corresponding DMRS), and may be referred to as an SS block (SSB). The SS may also include at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS).

[0016] The CSI may include at least one of a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), a CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), a SS / PBCH Block Resource Indicator (SSBRI), a Layer Indicator (LI), a Rank Indicator (RI), a Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP), a Reference Signal Received Quality (L1-RSRQ), a Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (L1-SINR), a Signal to Noise Ratio (L1-SNR), and the like.

[0017] The UE may receive information related to CSI reporting (report configuration information) and control CSI reporting based on the report configuration information. The report configuration information may be, for example, "CSI-ReportConfig" of an information element (IE) of Radio Resource Control (RRC). Note that in the present disclosure, RRC IE may be interchangeably read as RRC parameters, higher layer parameters, etc.

[0018] The reporting configuration information (for example, the RRC IE "CSI-ReportConfig") may include, for example, at least one of the following: Information about the type of CSI report (report type information, e.g., RRC IE "reportConfigType") Information about one or more quantities of CSI to be reported (one or more CSI parameters) (report quantity information, e.g., RRC IE "reportQuantity") Information about the RS resources used to generate the quantity (the CSI parameter) (resource information, for example, the RRC IE "CSI-ResourceConfigId") Information about the frequency domain to which CSI is reported (frequency domain information, e.g., RRC IE "reportFreqConfiguration")

[0019] For example, the report type information may indicate periodic CSI (P-CSI) reporting, aperiodic CSI (A-CSI) reporting, or semi-persistent CSI (SP-CSI) reporting.

[0020] Further, the reported amount information may specify at least one combination of the above CSI parameters (e.g., CRI, RI, PMI, CQI, LI, L1-RSRP, etc.).

[0021] Also, the resource information may be the ID of the RS resource. The RS resource may include, for example, a non-zero power CSI-RS resource or an SSB, and a CSI-IM resource (e.g., a zero power CSI-RS resource).

[0022] <CSI reference resource> In the existing NR standard, when upper layer parameters related to the time constraint of measurement (e.g., timeRestrictionForChannelMeasurements related to the time constraint for channel measurement, timeRestrictionForInterferenceMeasurements for interference measurement, etc.) are set (which may mean that the value of the parameter indicates "configured"), it is stipulated that channel measurements for calculating the CSI to be reported are derived based on the most recent NZP CSI-RS occasion related to the CSI reporting setting that is not later than the CSI reference resource. Note that the channel measurements in the present disclosure may be mutually read as interference measurements.

[0023] Also, in the existing NR standard, when the upper layer parameters related to the time constraint of the above measurement are not set (which may mean that the value of the parameter indicates "notConfigured"), it is stipulated that channel measurements for calculating the CSI to be reported are derived based on the NZP CSI-RS occasion related to the CSI reporting setting that is not later than the CSI reference resource. In this case, the reported CSI may be derived based on one or more NZP CSI-RS occasions.

[0024] For the serving cell, the CSI reference resource for CSI reporting within the UL slot n' is, in the time domain, a single DL slot n - nCSI_ref where n corresponds to the DL slot that corresponds to (overlaps with) UL slot n'.

[0025] For P / SP-CSI reporting, n CSI_ref is the smallest value (4·2 if a single CSI-RS / SSB resource is configured) such that the single DL slot corresponds to a valid DL slot. μDL The minimum value above, or 5·2 if multiple CSI-RS / SSB resources are configured μDL (The minimum value above) Note that μ DL corresponds to the subcarrier spacing setting for DL ​​(e.g., μ DL =0, 1, 2, 3).

[0026] For A-CSI reporting, if the triggering DCI specifies that the UE reports CSI in the same slot as the CSI request, then n CSI_ref may be determined such that the CSI reference resource is in the same valid DL slot as the corresponding CSI request, otherwise, n CSI_ref may be the smallest value greater than or equal to a particular value corresponding to a delay requirement such that the single DL slot corresponds to a valid DL slot.

[0027] (Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology to wireless communications) Regarding future wireless communication technologies, the use of AI technologies such as machine learning (ML) for network / device control and management is being considered.

[0028] For example, there are plans for terminals (user terminals, user equipment (UE)) / base stations (BSs) to utilize AI technology to improve Channel State Information (CSI) feedback (e.g., reducing overhead, improving accuracy, prediction), improve beam management (e.g., improving accuracy, prediction in the time / space domain), and improve position measurement (e.g., improving position estimation / prediction).

[0029] Based on the input information, the AI ​​model may output at least one piece of information such as an estimated value, a predicted value, a selected action, a classification, etc. The UE / BS may input channel state information, reference signal measurements, etc. to the AI ​​model and output highly accurate channel state information / measurements / beam selection / position, future channel state information / radio link quality, etc.

[0030] In this disclosure, AI may be interpreted as an object (also referred to as a subject, object, data, function, program, etc.) that has (performs) at least one of the following characteristics: · inferences based on observed or collected information; · making choices based on information observed or collected; · Predictions based on observed or collected information.

[0031] In this disclosure, estimation, prediction, and inference may be used interchangeably. Also, in this disclosure, estimate, predict, and infer may be used interchangeably.

[0032] In the present disclosure, an object may be, for example, an apparatus, device, etc., such as a UE or a BS. Also, in the present disclosure, an object may correspond to a program / model / entity that operates in the apparatus.

[0033] (AI-based CSI feedback) As a use case of utilizing an AI model, CSI compression using a two-sided AI model is being considered. Such a CSI compression method may be called AI-based CSI feedback and may be realized using, for example, an autoencoder.

[0034] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of AI-based CSI feedback. A UE performs pre-processing on measurement results related to CSI or the CSI itself, inputting the pre-processed data into a generative model to obtain an output. The UE performs post-processing on the information output from the model to obtain a bit string, which is then transmitted to a network (base station). This transmitted bit string may be referred to as CSI feedback information, a CSI feedback instance, or the like.

[0035] The NW (base station) performs pre-processing on the received bit string and inputs it into a reconstruction model to obtain the output. The NW (base station) then performs post-processing on the information output from the model to obtain (reconstruct) the measurement results or CSI related to the original CSI.

[0036] The generative model corresponds to the encoder, and the reconstruction model corresponds to the decoder. Note that each pre-processing / post-processing does not need to be performed if it is not necessary. Note that the encoder / decoder itself may include pre-processing for input and post-processing for output.

[0037] The CSI input to the generative model may include, for example, information on channel coefficients (elements of a channel matrix) or information on precoding coefficients (elements of a precoding matrix). In other words, the CSI may correspond to information on channel conditions in the spatial-frequency (SF) domain. Note that the input may include information other than CSI.

[0038] The CSI output from the decoder may be a reconstructed CSI corresponding to the input to the encoder, or may be a CSI different from the input to the encoder (for example, if the input information is information on channel coefficients, information on precoding coefficients, etc.).

[0039] The transmitted encoded bits are more compressed than the input information before encoding, which is expected to reduce the communication overhead required for CSI feedback.

[0040] Meanwhile, temporal CSI prediction using an AI model is also being considered. In temporal CSI prediction, a UE generates a CSI report for current / future CSI based on information related to current / past measured / reported CSI (also called historical CSI) and reports it to a network (gNB). Note that future CSI may also be called future CSI.

[0041] The NW (gNB) obtains (derives) current or historical CSI based on one or more received CSI reports. The NW (gNB) reconstructs (or predicts) current / future CSI.

[0042] Historical CSI may be interchangeably referred to as current / past CSI[information], time-series CSI[information], etc. Historical CSI for a UE may include at least one of any information derived from past model inputs, past model inputs themselves, a set of CSI per CSI-RS occasion, etc. Historical CSI for the network may include at least one of any information derived from past CSI feedback instances, past CSI feedback instances themselves, etc.

[0043] (analysis) As a different aspect of the above-mentioned SF-domain two-sided model-based CSI compression (hereinafter simply referred to as SF compression), time-spatial-frequency (TSF)-domain two-sided model-based CSI compression (hereinafter simply referred to as TSF compression) that introduces temporal CSI prediction is being studied. The TSF-domain two-sided model-based CSI compression is a method that uses multiple CSI measurement results over a certain period of time (at different times) for CSI compression, and can also be used to predict future CSI.

[0044] The target time of CSI reported by CSI prediction / compression may be referred to as target CSI time. The target CSI time may indicate the time to which CSI feedback in the CSI report corresponds. For example, if time is a slot, the target CSI time is the target CSI slot. Note that the target CSI may refer to the compressed / predicted CSI, or may refer to the CSI calculated based on UE measurements, ideal CSI (simulated CSI, fixed value), actual CSI, ground truth CSI, etc.

[0045] The target CSI time may be the current time, a future time, etc. The current time may indicate the time of the most recent CSI-RS measurement used to generate the CSI report. The future time may include at least one time after the current time, and may also include the current time.

[0046] If the target CSI time is in the future, the UE may perform prediction as a separate or joint step with compression. Similarly, if the target CSI time is in the future, the network may perform prediction as a separate or joint step with reconstruction.

[0047] In TSF compression, when a network uses multiple CSI reports (at different times) about historical CSI to reconstruct CSI (e.g., future CSI), if there are any missing CSI reports or timing misalignment between the network and the UE, the network model may fail to reconstruct the CSI. In other words, if the network and the UE have different understandings of historical information related to the CSI, the accuracy of the CSI reconstruction may be affected.

[0048] To mitigate the impact of CSI loss, it has been considered to reset the historical CSI information held by the model to its initial state based on instructions from the network. However, resetting the information to its initial state results in the loss of a lot of information, which is not desirable when using models based on recurrent neural network (RNN) architectures such as long short-term memory (LTSM).

[0049] Unless a method for appropriately dealing with the gaps / inconsistencies in historical information described above is clarified, it will be impossible to achieve appropriate CSI feedback based on CSI prediction / compression, which could result in reduced communication throughput and degradation of communication quality.

[0050] Therefore, the present inventors have conceived a setting / control method that can appropriately deal with missing historical information reported by a UE. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to have a UE appropriately report CSI that can be reconstructed without using some of the [historical] CSI that the base station was unable to receive (decode).

[0051] Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Wireless communication methods according to the embodiments may be applied independently or in combination.

[0052] (Various reading changes) In this disclosure, words enclosed in "()" in a sentence may indicate an explanation of the immediately preceding wording (for example, an explanation of spelling), a paraphrase, a specific example, a supplementary explanation, etc. Also, in this disclosure, words enclosed in "[ ]" in a sentence may be interpreted including the meaning of the entire sentence, or may be interpreted excluding the meaning of the entire sentence (ignoring the meaning of the entire sentence). Note that "()" and "[ ]" may also be used for purposes / meanings other than those mentioned above.

[0053] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0054] In this disclosure, terms such as notify, activate, deactivate, indicate, select, configure, update, determine, etc. may be interchangeable. In this disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, operable, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0055] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, fields, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0056] In the present disclosure, the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocol (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages), or a combination thereof.

[0057] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0058] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0059] In this disclosure, "functionality" may refer to a set of parameters / features (e.g., a set of parameters for waveform transformation techniques, CSI prediction, beam prediction, CSI compression, etc.) that are supported based on conditions specified by the UE capabilities.

[0060] In this disclosure, a "model identifier (ID)" may refer to an ID associated with a functionality / additional condition (or a model corresponding to that ID). Note that a model ID may be interchangeably read as an AI ID, a dataset ID, a pairing ID, etc.

[0061] In the present disclosure, function / functionality may be read as any of feature, function, and functionality.

[0062] In the present disclosure, AI / ML model, model, [AI / ML] function, functionality, model ID, function ID, functionality ID, state [for calculation / prediction], etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0063] Model in this disclosure may refer to a model for CSI [measurement / reporting / prediction / compression].

[0064] In the present disclosure, terms such as CSI, CSI report (CSI report), CSI feedback, CSI transmission, UCI, feedback information, compressed / encoded CSI (bits), feedback bits, CSI feedback method, CSI feedback scheme, beam report, beam report scheme, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as measurement, CSI measurement, CSI-RS measurement, etc. may be interchangeable. Also, in the present disclosure, terms such as CSI-RS [resource], SSB [resource], CSI resource, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0065] The UCI may include a Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), a Scheduling Request (SR), or a CSI.

[0066] In addition, in this disclosure, bits [string], encoded bits [string], bit sequence, sequence, value, information, value obtained from bits, information obtained from bits, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0067] In the present disclosure, the CSI resources for measuring historical CSI information may be interchangeably referred to as historical CSI resources, time-series CSI resources, set B, set B resources, CSI resources for prediction, etc. Furthermore, the historical CSI resources may correspond to each opportunity of the CSI-RS resources. The CSI resources corresponding to predicted (future) CSI information may be interchangeably referred to as future CSI resources, set A, set A resources, predicted CSI resources, CSI resources corresponding to reported CSI, etc.

[0068] The historical CSI resource may be a resource at a time earlier than the first offset from the timing of starting prediction or reporting a prediction result (predicted CSI, feedback instance). For example, the historical CSI resource may correspond to a CSI resource that is not later than the CSI reference resource obtained by replacing the uplink slot n′ for CSI reporting with the slot for starting prediction or the slot for reporting a prediction result in the existing definition of the CSI reference resource.

[0069] The future CSI resource may be a resource at a time after the second offset from the start ( / end) of prediction or the timing of reporting the prediction result (predicted CSI, feedback instance). The first offset, second offset, etc. may be any value, and may be 0. Information indicating the first offset / second offset may be included in the feedback instance. In the present disclosure, the NW may reconstruct CSI in the future CSI resource based on historical CSI information regarding one or more historical CSI resources obtained from one or more feedback instances.

[0070] In this disclosure, terms such as missed, missing, lost, not [successfully] received, failed to receive, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0071] In the present disclosure, signaling, information, notification, message, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0072] In this disclosure, terms related to revert, fallback, reset, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0073] In the present disclosure, historical CSI, CSI for TSF compression (which may be referred to as TSF-CSI, for example), historical information, [future] CSI predicted based on historical CSI, CSI, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0074] In the present disclosure, information about CSI may correspond to at least one of a CSI measurement [value / result], a CSI report generated by the CSI measurement [value / result], information extracted from the CSI measurement [value / result] and stored in the UE, the CSI, etc.

[0075] (Wireless communication method) <Basic behavior> When the UE receives signaling indicating an offset (which may be referred to as Δ) for historical CSI, the UE may perform basic operations, which are described below.

[0076] When the UE receives the signaling indicating the above Δ, the UE may not report (may be controlled not to report) CSI that utilizes any information about CSI measured / reported within a certain period. This may include the UE resetting the state of the AI ​​model for historical CSI to before the start of the period (in other words, to an intermediate state).

[0077] In other words, in basic operation, the UE may reset the historical CSI to an intermediate state (the state immediately before the loss occurs) rather than the initial state based on the above Δ, and report CSI that the NW can restore without using the CSI reported within the above period.

[0078] When the UE receives the signaling indicating the above Δ, the UE may report to the NW that the signaling has been successfully received (for example, an ACK for the reception of the signaling).

[0079] The range of the above period is the range of slots [N ref -Δ, N ref ](=N ref -∆ or more N ref Here, N ref may be referred to as an index of reference time, and may correspond to, for example, an index of time based on at least one of the following: The time at which the UE receives signaling indicating the Δ; The time when the UE reports the ACK, The time when the UE receives signaling indicating missing CSI reports (in this case, the UE receives N ref -Δ may be assumed to be the time when the missing CSI report was transmitted).

[0080] That is, Δ is N ref It may also mean an offset from N ref , Δ, etc. are, for example, integers, but may be expressed as other numbers such as decimals. The above-mentioned period may be referred to as an offset period, a historical CSI discard period, etc. In the present disclosure, the reference time may be referred to as a base time, a specific time, etc.

[0081] N refWhich of the above-mentioned times (indexes) to use as the time index and the value of Δ may be specified in advance in a standard, or may be determined based on any one or a combination of parameters set / instructed to the UE by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, UE capabilities, an AI model for historical CSI, etc.

[0082] If the historical CSI is reported periodically / semi-persistently at a certain period, Δ may be expressed in units of the period (or the number of periods or a multiple of the period).

[0083] When the UE receives the signaling indicating Δ, it may assume that all CSI reported within the period has not been successfully received. When the UE receives the signaling indicating Δ, it may calculate / generate CSI to be reported [next / after the reference time] without using all CSI reported within the period. In other words, the signaling indicating Δ may be used by the NW to instruct the UE that CSI to be reported within the period has not been successfully received, or may be used to instruct the UE not to use CSI reported within the period when calculating / generating CSI to be reported [next / after the reference time].

[0084] The signaling indicating Δ may be RRC signaling (for example, an RRC Reconfiguration message), MAC CE, or DCI (for scheduling DL / UL).

[0085] The ACK may be RRC signaling (for example, an RRCReconfigurationComplete message), a MAC CE, or a UCI (for example, an HARQ-ACK).

[0086] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a fallback operation of historical CSI according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this example, the UE is configured to periodically report historical CSI. In this example, the UE reports an ACK for the reception of signaling after transmitting the fifth CSI report and before transmitting the sixth CSI report. In this example, N ref is the index of the time at which the ACK is reported. The dashed-dotted line indicates a CSI report that is assumed not to have been successfully received. This also applies to Figures 3 and 4.

[0087] When the UE reports an ACK for the above signaling indicating Δ, it updates the historical CSI to N ref Reset to the state just before -Δ and set the period [N ref -Δ, N ref ] Report a CSI that does not use the two CSIs reported in [].

[0088] According to the basic operation described above, when CSI loss occurs, it is possible to control the network so that CSI that was not received is not used (not reported). This can prevent undesirable situations, such as a delay in CSI reconstruction in the network due to the CSI being retransmitted late from the UE. In addition, since the historical CSI for the UE's AI model can be restored to the state immediately before the loss occurred, rather than to the initial state, it is possible to prevent situations in which much of the CSI previously reported is wasted.

[0089] <Window Control> In addition to the basic operations described above, window-based control (also referred to as window control) may be implemented to reduce UE complexity. The window control may include control (e.g., evaluation / action) on CSI transmission related to the evaluation described below.

[0090] When the UE receives the signaling indicating the above-mentioned Δ, ref -Δ is N ref -N windowIt may be evaluated whether Δ is greater than or equal to N window (or may be evaluated to see if it is less than or equal to N) window may be the index of time for the window (N window is, for example, an integer, but may be expressed as other numbers such as decimals. window may be configured from the NW to the UE or reported from the UE to the NW [by capability information].

[0091] N window may correspond to a threshold value [for Δ] for switching UE operation. The above evaluation being true may mean that a relatively large number of CSI reports have been lost.

[0092] The above evaluation is true (e.g., Δ is N window or less), the UE may not report CSI that utilizes any information about the CSI measured / reported within the above period (in other words, it may reset the AI ​​model for historical CSI to an intermediate state).

[0093] Otherwise (the above evaluation is false (e.g., Δ is N window If so, the UE may take at least one of the following actions: Do not report CSI that uses any information about the measured / reported CSI except for measurements of the most recent reference resource / reference resource set (in other words, reset the AI ​​model for historical CSI to its initial state), Assume that not all reported CSI has been successfully received. Do not assume that any reported CSI will be successfully received.

[0094] To make the above evaluation false, a specific value of Δ (e.g., Δ=N window or Δ=N windowIt is sufficient that the UE is notified of Δ + 1. The NW only needs to notify the UE of the specific value of Δ, and the UE model can be reset to its initial state, and no additional signaling is required. The upper limit of the value that Δ can take needs only to be the specific value, and an excessive number of bits to represent Δ is not required. Of course, the upper limit of the value that Δ can take may exceed the specific value.

[0095] The UE may decide to reset the model to the initial state if the specified value for Δ (or a value equal to or greater than the specified value) is notified, and to reset the model to an intermediate state if a value less than the specified value is notified for Δ.

[0096] If the UE receives signaling specifying a value for Δ that is less than the specified value, the UE ref -Δ, N ref ], the NW may calculate / generate the CSI to be reported [next / after the reference time] without using all the CSI reported within the period. That is, the signaling specifying a value less than the specific value as Δ may be used by the NW to instruct the UE that the CSI to be reported within the period was not successfully received, or may be used to instruct the UE not to use the CSI reported within the period when calculating / generating the CSI to be reported.

[0097] When the UE receives signaling specifying the specific value (or a value equal to or greater than the specific value) as the Δ, the UE may calculate / generate the CSI to be reported [next / after the reference time] without using all the reported CSI. In other words, the signaling specifying the specific value (or a value equal to or greater than the specific value) as the Δ may be used by the NW to instruct the UE that all the CSI to be reported has not been successfully received, or may be used to instruct the UE not to use all the reported CSI when calculating / generating the CSI to be reported [next / after the reference time].

[0098] 3 is a diagram illustrating another example of fallback operation of historical CSI according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this example, a UE reporting an ACK for receiving signaling indicating Δ is ref -Δ <N ref -N window (That is, Δ>N window ) and assume that not all reported CSI has been successfully received. Alternatively, after transmitting the ACK, the UE may reset the model to an initial state, generate CSI that does not use any information about the reported CSI, and report the CSI.

[0099] According to the window control described above, the UE can control, based on the notified Δ, whether to reset the historical CSI to an initial state and report CSI that the NW can recover without using the CSI reported so far (e.g., CSI for measurements of the most recent reference resource / reference resource set) (in the case where a relatively large number of CSI reports have been lost), or to reset the historical CSI to an intermediate state and report CSI that the NW can recover without using the CSI reported within the above period (in the case where a relatively small number of CSI reports have been lost).

[0100] <Simplified UE behavior based on window control> When using the above-mentioned window, it is also possible to control the reset operation to the initial state of the model and the reset operation to the intermediate state without notifying the UE of Δ.

[0101] When the UE receives the signaling indicating an instruction regarding the historical CSI, the UE may perform at least one of the following actions based on the instruction: Case 1: Slot range [N ref -N window , N ref ](=N ref -N window More than N refNot reporting CSI that uses any information about CSI measured / reported within the period (below) (in other words, resetting the AI ​​model for historical CSI to an intermediate state), Case 2: Do not report CSI that uses any information about the measured / reported CSI except for recent measurements of the reference resource / reference resource set (in other words, reset the AI ​​model for historical CSI to its initial state).

[0102] When the UE receives the signaling indicating the above instruction, the UE may report to the NW that the signaling has been successfully received (for example, an ACK for the reception of the signaling).

[0103] In addition, N ref is the N of the basic operation described above. ref In the example of (a), the signaling indicating Δ may be read as the signaling indicating the instruction, and the ACK to the signaling indicating Δ may be read as the ACK to the signaling indicating the instruction, and the definition may be similar.

[0104] In addition, when the above instruction is notified, the UE may perform an operation other than the above cases 1 / 2 (e.g., assume that all reported CSI has not been successfully received [by the NW]).

[0105] The instruction regarding the historical CSI may be a one-bit indicator, for example, an indicator specifying either Case 1 (or reset to an intermediate state) or Case 2 (or reset to an initial state). The instruction / indicator may correspond to a value for switching the UE behavior, and may be called an indicator regarding the state reset [of the historical CSI / AI model].

[0106] If the UE receives signaling specifying case 1 above, it ref -N window , N ref] may be assumed not to be successfully received, or the CSI to be reported [next / after the reference time] may be calculated / generated without using all the CSI reported within the above period. In other words, the signaling specifying the above case 1 may be used by the NW to instruct the UE that the CSI to be reported within the above period was not successfully received, or may be used to instruct the UE not to use the CSI reported within the above period when calculating / generating the CSI to be reported.

[0107] When the UE receives signaling specifying the above case 2, the UE may assume that all of the reported CSI has not been successfully received, and may calculate / generate the CSI to be reported [next / after the reference time] without using all of the reported CSI. In other words, the signaling specifying the above case 2 may be used by the NW to instruct the UE that all of the CSI to be reported has not been successfully received, or may be used to instruct the UE not to use all of the reported CSI when calculating / generating the CSI to be reported [next / after the reference time].

[0108] The signaling indicating the instruction may be RRC signaling (for example, an RRC Reconfiguration message), MAC CE, or DCI (for scheduling DL / UL).

[0109] The ACK may be RRC signaling (for example, an RRCReconfigurationComplete message), a MAC CE, or a UCI (for example, an HARQ-ACK).

[0110] 4 is a diagram illustrating yet another example of a fallback operation of historical CSI according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this example, a UE reporting an ACK for receiving signaling indicating an indicator specifying either Case 1 or Case 2 performs the following operations: · When Case 1 is specified, after transmitting the above ACK, reset the historical CSI to the state immediately before N ref -N window and report a CSI that does not use one CSI reported within the period [N ref -N window 、N ref . · When Case 2 is specified, after transmitting the above ACK, reset the historical CSI to the initial state and report a CSI that does not use any information about the reported CSI.

[0111] Note that the dashed line in FIG. 4 is assumed not to be successfully received in Case 2 and indicates a CSI report that was successfully received in Case 1.

[0112] According to the simplified UE operation based on the window control described above, the reset operation of the model can be switched and controlled using a notification with an even smaller amount of information than Δ.

[0113] <Supplement> In the above embodiment, the NW (for example, the base station) may also perform corresponding operations. For example, when the NW receives an ACK for the signaling indicating the above Δ or indicator, it may reset the AI model for the historical CSI to an intermediate state or an initial state. "

[0114] <<Notification of Information to UE>> The notification of any information from the [Network (NW) (for example, Base Station (BS))] to the UE in the above embodiment (in other words, the reception of any information from the BS by the UE) may be performed using physical layer signaling (for example, DCI), upper layer signaling (for example, RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (for example, PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0115] When the above notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by a new logical channel ID (LCID) that is not defined in the existing standard being included in the MAC sub-header.

[0116] When the above notification is performed by DCI, the above notification may be performed by a specific field of the DCI, a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) used for scrambling cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0117] Also, the notification of any information to the UE in the above-described embodiment may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0118] <<Notification of Information from UE>> The notification of any information from the UE to [NW] (in other words, the transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) in the above-described embodiment may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0119] When the above notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by a new LCID that is not defined in the existing standard being included in the MAC sub-header.

[0120] When the above notification is performed by UCI, the above notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0121] Also, the notification of any information from the UE in the above-described embodiment may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0122] <<Application of each embodiment>> In a UE / BS, the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information(s) of at least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied (used) when one or more of the following conditions are met: Upper layer parameters indicating the above specific processing / operation / control / assumment / information are set. The specific processing / action / control / assumption / information is determined based on relevant upper layer parameters; The above specific processes / actions / controls / assumptions / information are specified / activated / triggered by MAC CE / DCI / UCI / resources / channels / RS, Reporting or supporting specific UE capabilities indicating (or relating to) the above specific processes / actions / controls / assumptions / information; · The application of the above specific processing / action / control / assumption / information is judged based on specific conditions.

[0123] The specific UE capabilities may indicate at least one of the following: Supporting the above specific processes / actions / controls / assumptions / information; Supporting [AI-based] CSI feedback / prediction / compression [for specific features / functionality / models]; The values ​​(or value ranges) supported by X / Y / N in the first embodiment, Δ / N window Controlling CSI reporting based on Supports Δ / N window The Maximum value of.

[0124] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or a capability for each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, band, band combination, BWP, component carrier, etc.), or a capability for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or a capability for each Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC), or a capability for each functionality / model.

[0125] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be a capability for each duplexing method (for example, Time Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0126] If the above conditions are not met, the UE / BS may follow the behavior specified in existing 3GPP releases.

[0127] <<About functionality / model>> In this disclosure, functionality may refer to a set of parameters (e.g., a set of parameters for CSI prediction / beam prediction / CSI compression) that can be supported based on conditions dictated by UE capabilities.

[0128] The UE may report parameter values ​​related to the functionality / model as conditions to the NW via higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC, MAC CE) / physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI). For example, the UE may report the conditions using UE capability / feature / feature group reporting.

[0129] The UE may report or instruct parameter values ​​related to the functionality / model as additional conditions to the NW using higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling or methods other than signaling via the air interface of the NW (e.g., UE vendor pre-configuration, operator's configurations).

[0130] The UE may report or be instructed on information / instructions about the corresponding parameters (e.g., parameter names) as information / instructions about additional conditions using higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling or methods other than signaling via the air interface of the network (e.g., UE vendor pre-configuration, operator's configurations).

[0131] For example, the UE may report a device ID, a vendor ID, etc. as additional information. The UE may also be notified of a cell ID as an additional condition. The UE may also report or be instructed to report information such as a cell ID / UE ID instead of a parameter name.

[0132] Methods other than signaling via the air interface of the network may be methods related to pre-configuration of the UE (for example, configuration by the UE vendor) or operator configuration provided by the network operator.

[0133] In the present disclosure, an [AI / ML-based] CSI report, a model for CSI, etc. may be a model ID or a CSI report associated with a particular function (e.g., predicted CSI, compressed CSI, advanced CSI, a particular type of CSI, etc.).

[0134] In the present disclosure, the AI / ML function, or the AI / ML function for CSI, or the function for CSI may be based on a function indicated by the NW or a function reported by the UE (capability information), for example, predicted CSI, compressed CSI, advanced CSI, or a function related to a specific type of CSI.

[0135] In the present disclosure, an AI / ML model, an AI / ML model for CSI, or a model for CSI may be a model / entity that is identified by a model ID or its function and performs the specific function described above.

[0136] (Addendum) The following inventions are added regarding one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Appendix 1] a receiver for receiving signaling related to historical Channel State Information (CSI); and a control unit that controls a state of an artificial intelligence (AI) model for the historical CSI based on information indicated by the signaling. [Appendix 2] The control unit may be configured to: ref ), the state is changed to the state before the offset (e.g., slot N) based on the reference time. ref 1. The terminal of claim 1, wherein the terminal resets to an intermediate state in Δ. [Appendix 3] The control unit may be configured to: ref ), the offset (e.g., Δ) from a threshold (e.g., N window ), the state is converted to the state before the offset from the reference time (e.g., slot N ref 3. The terminal of claim 1 or 2, wherein the terminal resets to the initial state (an intermediate state in Δ). [Appendix 4] If the information is an indicator for a state reset, and the indicator indicates a specific value (for example, a value indicating case 1, which may be '0'), the control unit sets the state as a reference time (for example, N ref ) as a reference, a threshold (e.g., N window ) previous state (e.g. slot N ref -N window 4. The terminal of claim 1, wherein the terminal resets to an intermediate state in the

[0137] (wireless communication system) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0138] 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may be simply referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), or the like, which are specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0139] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0140] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0141] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and the SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0142] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The location, number, shape, size, etc. of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0143] The wireless communication system 1 may utilize Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO). For example, one cell may be formed by one antenna / base station 10, or may be formed by multiple antennas / base stations 10. One [virtual] cell (which may be called, for example, a super cell) may be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (which may be called, for example, sub-cells). A super cell may correspond to a cell whose physical range is fixed, and a sub-cell may correspond to a cell whose physical range varies semi-statically / dynamically. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 may be called a cell-free system.

[0144] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0145] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may be a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0146] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0147] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (for example, optical fiber conforming to the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wirelessly (for example, NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0148] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0149] The core network 30 may include network functions (NFs) such as a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and an Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). Note that a single network node may provide multiple functions. Furthermore, communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may be performed via the DN.

[0150] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal compatible with at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0151] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the radio communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0152] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (for example, other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0153] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0154] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), etc. may be used as an uplink channel.

[0155] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit Master Information Block (MIB).

[0156] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0157] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as an UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be interpreted as DL data, and the PUSCH may be interpreted as UL data.

[0158] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources to search for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor a CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0159] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be called a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space setting," "search space set setting," "CORESET," "CORESET setting," etc. in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0160] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), acknowledgement information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0161] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0162] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted as DL-RS.

[0163] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including the SS (PSS, SSS) and the PBCH (and DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as reference signals.

[0164] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0165] (base station) 6 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0166] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0167] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0168] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0169] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0170] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0171] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.

[0172] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0173] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam using digital beamforming (for example, precoding), analog beamforming (for example, phase rotation), or the like.

[0174] The transceiver 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0175] The transceiver 120 (transmission processor 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0176] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation to a radio frequency band, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting / receiving antenna .

[0177] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna .

[0178] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0179] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0180] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes providing NFs), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0181] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0182] The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a radio unit (RU), a distributed unit (DU), and a central unit (CU). For example, the RU may perform RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level functions of the physical layer (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may perform higher-level functions of the physical layer (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may perform PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer functions.

[0183] In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may include a single device that implements all of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU, or may include multiple devices that each implement some of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may be interchangeably read as RU / DU / CU.

[0184] The transceiver 120 may transmit signaling related to historical channel state information (CSI) to the user terminal 20. The control unit 110 may control the state of an artificial intelligence (AI) model for the historical CSI based on the information indicated by the signaling.

[0185] (user terminal) 7 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the user terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230.

[0186] Note that this example mainly shows functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0187] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0188] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0189] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured from a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0190] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0191] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured as an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.

[0192] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0193] The transceiver 220 may form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam using digital beamforming (for example, precoding), analog beamforming (for example, phase rotation), or the like.

[0194] The transceiver 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0195] The transceiver 220 (transmission processor 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0196] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and when transform precoding is not enabled, the transceiver unit 220 may not perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0197] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation to a radio frequency band, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0198] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0199] The transceiver 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0200] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0201] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on the channel measurement resources. The channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on the interference measurement resources. The interference measurement resources may be at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, a CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resource, etc. Note that CSI-IM may be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. Note that in the present disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be interchangeably read as interchangeable.

[0202] The transmitting section and receiving section of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0203] The transceiver 220 may receive signaling related to historical channel state information (CSI). The controller 120 may control a state of an artificial intelligence (AI) model for the historical CSI based on information indicated by the signaling.

[0204] The control unit 210 determines whether the information is a reference time (e.g., N ref ), the state is changed to the state before the offset (e.g., slot N) based on the reference time. ref -Δ).

[0205] The control unit 210 determines whether the information is a reference time (e.g., N ref ), the offset (e.g., Δ) from a threshold (e.g., N window ), the state is converted to the state before the offset from the reference time (e.g., slot N ref -Δ).

[0206] If the information is an indicator for a state reset, and the indicator indicates a specific value (for example, a value indicating case 1, which may be '0'), the control unit 210 sets the state as a reference time (for example, N ref ) as a reference, a threshold (e.g., N window ) previous state (e.g. slot N ref -N window The state may be reset to the intermediate state in

[0207] (Hardware configuration) The block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may also be realized by combining the single device or multiple devices with software.

[0208] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As mentioned above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0209] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0210] In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be read interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0211] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0212] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0213] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transmission / reception unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0214] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be realized by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be realized in a similar manner.

[0215] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory, or the like. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, and the like for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0216] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be constituted by at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as a secondary storage device.

[0217] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0218] The input device 1005 is an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (for example, a touch panel).

[0219] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0220] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0221] Note that the devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NFs) may also be realized by the above-described functional block / hardware configuration.

[0222] (Variation) Note that terms explained in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0223] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0224] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, a subcarrier spacing (SCS), a bandwidth, a symbol length, a cyclic prefix length, a transmission time interval (TTI), the number of symbols per TTI, a radio frame structure, a specific filtering process performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and a specific windowing process performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0225] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol), and may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0226] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0227] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0228] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0229] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0230] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0231] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0232] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0233] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.

[0234] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be determined based on numerology.

[0235] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0236] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0237] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0238] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a given BWP and numbered within that BWP.

[0239] The BWP may include an UL BWP (a BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (a BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0240] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0241] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0242] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0243] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0244] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0245] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0246] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0247] With respect to any information (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) described in the present disclosure, even if not specifically stated in the above embodiments, any first device (e.g., UE / base station) may notify any second device (e.g., base station / UE) of information indicating / identifying (or relating to) the value of the any information.

[0248] Notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0249] Note that the physical layer signaling may be called Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be called an RRC message, such as an RRC connection setup message or an RRC connection reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0250] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0251] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0252] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0253] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0254] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0255] In the present disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," "UE panel," "transmitting entity," "receiving entity," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0256] In the present disclosure, the term "antenna port" may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal / channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, the term "resource" may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal / channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). The resource may include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. The spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0257] The group may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, and the like.

[0258] In addition, in the present disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0259] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0260] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumptions," "QCL relationships," "QCL type information," "QCL properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) properties," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interchangeable.

[0261] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interchangeable. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interchangeable.

[0262] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interchangeable with "set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. The TCI state and TCI may be interchangeable. The spatial relationship information and spatial relationship may be interchangeable.

[0263] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0264] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the entire coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within this coverage.

[0265] In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0266] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0267] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0268] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0269] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0270] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0271] 9 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. Vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0272] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0273] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0274] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0275] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0276] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0277] The driving assistance system unit 64 is configured with various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), Artificial Intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0278] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0279] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the above-mentioned base station 10 or user terminal 20. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the above-mentioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0280] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0281] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0282] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0283] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as uplink channel and downlink channel may be read as sidelink channel.

[0284] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0285] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) and a Serving-Gateway (S-GW)), or a combination thereof.

[0286] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0287] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE The present invention may be applied to systems that use 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other appropriate wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. It may also be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0288] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0289] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0290] The term "determining," as used in this disclosure, may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0291] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0292] Furthermore, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" some action. In the present disclosure, "determination" may be read interchangeably with the above-mentioned actions.

[0293] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" may be interchangeably read as "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "does not expect to do..." may be interchangeably read as "assumes not to do...."

[0294] In the present disclosure, "expect" may be interchangeably read as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to-infinitive, etc.) may be interchangeably read as "be expected ...," "do ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. "does not expect ..." may be interchangeably read as "be not expected ...," "does not ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be interchangeably read as "an apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0295] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0296] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0297] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0298] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0299] When used in this disclosure, the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when used in this disclosure, the term "or" is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0300] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0301] In the present disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than," "more than," "equal to," etc. may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative, as expressions with the prefix "i-th" (i is any integer) (for example, "highest" may be interchangeable as "i-th highest").

[0302] In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0303] In the present disclosure, terms such as "when A, B," "if A, (then) B," "B upon A," "B in response to A," "B based on A," "B during / while A," "B before A," "B at (the same time as) / on A," "B after A," "B since A," and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Note that A, B, and the like herein may be replaced with appropriate expressions, such as nouns, gerunds, and regular sentences, depending on the context. Note that the time difference between A and B may be nearly zero (immediately after or immediately before). A time offset may be applied to the time at which A occurs. For example, "A" may be interchangeable with "before / after the time offset at which A occurs." The time offset (eg, one or more symbols / slots) may be predefined or may be specified by the UE based on signaled information.

[0304] In the present disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0305] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and does not impose any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. a receiver for receiving signaling related to historical Channel State Information (CSI); A terminal having a control unit that controls a state of an artificial intelligence (AI) model for the historical CSI based on information indicated by the signaling.

2. The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein, when the information is an offset from a reference time, the control unit resets the state to a state before the offset with respect to the reference time.

3. The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein, when the information is an offset from a reference time, the control unit resets the state to a state before the offset from the reference time if the offset is equal to or smaller than a threshold.

4. The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit resets the state to a state before a threshold value based on a reference time when the information is an indicator relating to a state reset and the indicator indicates a specific value.

5. receiving signaling related to historical Channel State Information (CSI); and controlling a state of an artificial intelligence (AI) model for the historical CSI based on information indicated by the signaling.

6. a transmitter for transmitting signaling related to historical Channel State Information (CSI) to a terminal; and a control unit that controls a state of an artificial intelligence (AI) model for the historical CSI based on information indicated by the signaling.

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