Method and system for determining parameter of high temperature liquid

Abstract

To provide a method for determining at least one parameter of a high temperature liquid with a sensor unit, and a system to carry out the method.SOLUTION: A measuring probe releasably carrying a sensor unit is provided on acceleration means, which accelerates the sensor unit after separation from the measuring probe. The acceleration means is provided at a distance DA to the surface of a high temperature liquid and the distance DA between the acceleration means and the surface of the high temperature liquid is less than 50% of the distance DM between the surface of the high temperature liquid and the opening of a container. The sensor unit is projected in the direction of the high temperature liquid and immersed under the surface and the parameter of interest is measured. The invention further relates to a system suitable to carry out the inventive method and a metallurgical vessel comprising the inventive system.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for determining at least one parameter of a high-temperature liquid by means of a sensor unit and a system for carrying out said method.The present invention further relates to a metallurgical vessel comprising the system of the invention.

[0002] During metal manufacturing processes, particularly those used in the steel industry, several parameters of the metal melt, such as the bath chemistry or the temperature of such melt, are important for the control of the metallurgical process. The ability to continuously and / or periodically monitor these variables is highly desirable for both economic and quality reasons. Accurate monitoring can significantly reduce energy consumption due to overheating at any one time. Other advantages of continuous monitoring include the ability to measure high-temperature phase changes, chemical reactions, and other related phenomena.

[0003] Methods and apparatus for determining these process-related parameters are known in the art and often involve the use of at least a disposable probe equipped with a sensor. The probe is typically placed below the surface of the melt in the form of a drop-in unit or by a lance assembly. The lance assembly can be operated manually or fully or semi-automatically. The sensor is typically connected by wire or cable to a processing device for processing the recorded data, although wireless data transfer has also been described. The data is collected and processed in real time or near real time, providing metallurgical facility operators with important information regarding the progress or status of the metal production process occurring within the vessel.

[0004] The lance assembly for introducing the probe into the molten metal requires multiple components, including at least a measuring head equipped with a disposable sensor and the lance itself. The lance is immersed in the melt from the vessel opening, i.e., close to the molten metal, which can cause metal splashing and is a dangerous operation, especially in manual operation. Introducing such a lance into the molten metal requires interrupting the operation of the metallurgical vessel and opening the vessel, which reduces process yield. Depending on the operator used, the quality of the measurement varies. The accuracy of the measurement depends on several parameters, such as the immersion depth and immersion speed of the probe into the liquid metal melt. If the immersion is too slow, the probe will burn prematurely, leading to erroneous measurement results. If the probe is not immersed deep enough, the temperature may become unstable or the electromotive force of the oxygen sensor may become unreliable. Manual operation of such lances is even more undesirable from a safety standpoint. The general trend in the industry is to operate the lance "unmanned" whenever possible.

[0005] Automatic handling systems solve this problem but require more operating equipment and maintenance. Operation of such systems is also based on inserting a probe through a relatively large opening. Furthermore, all equipment adjacent to the vessel is vulnerable to thermal or mechanical damage, and the required openings must be kept unobstructed.

[0006] Furthermore, as described, for example, in WO2015070316A1, a new probe needs to be attached to the lance after each measurement, which can require additional components, process steps, and lengthens the time interval between subsequent measurements. Therefore, a higher measurement frequency is desirable.

[0007] Particularly in the field of electric arc furnaces (EAFs), available methods for determining molten metal parameters while the vessel is in operation are currently limited. EAFs produce steel by using an electric arc to melt one or more charges of scrap metal, hot metal, ferrous materials, or other meltable materials placed inside the furnace. In a typical EAF procedure, an operator manually inserts a lance equipped with an appropriate sensor into the furnace through a slag door, a relatively wide opening in the wall of the furnace shell. Once the slag door is opened, any slag and metal trapped in the door opening must be removed so that a measurement probe can be inserted. Such an invasive process is highly undesirable because it disrupts the environment inside the vessel during the metallurgical process. Furthermore, opening the slag door results in the intake of cold ambient air through the slag door, wasting energy.

[0008] In measurements with drop-in sensors, a measuring probe is dropped into the vessel containing the melt. Suitable probes are disclosed, for example, in EP 0 758 445 A1. In current practice, the sensor is introduced from a position above the vessel containing the molten metal, typically from a relatively high height in the range of 10-20 m above the level of the molten metal. The design of EAFs means that the electrodes are located above the vessel, making such sensors unsuitable for these installations.

[0009] Several probes can be stored in a magazine, and one probe is released from the magazine at a time for each measurement. The probe falls freely, accelerated by gravity, and plunges into the molten metal. The probe's final velocity upon reaching the surface is determined by the distance between the drop station and the molten metal. To obtain reliable measurement data, the probe must have a certain mass to penetrate deep enough below the melt surface. Additional components, such as a balance, are required to provide the necessary sensor orientation, and these components are not involved in recording the measurement itself. Therefore, drop-in sensors introduce a relatively large amount of extraneous contaminants into the molten material being measured. Furthermore, the immersion point cannot be reliably controlled.

[0010] Molten metal is typically coated with a layer of slag during production, which exposes any probe or sensor passing through it to more severe erosive conditions, regardless of the particular method used. It is therefore desirable to minimize the time that the sensor is exposed to the slag as much as possible.

[0011] Known injection devices applied in metallurgy are used to introduce liquid and / or particulate materials for the pyrometallurgical processing of metal melts. In particular, in EAFs, such injectors are utilized to inject oxygen-rich gas, lime, and / or carbon-containing particles into a metallurgical vessel. Typically, these devices are positioned near the surface of the liquid metal being processed through appropriate openings in the vessel. Often, such injectors are provided as a combined unit located in a so-called cold box, a protected compartment adjacent to the interior of the vessel. All openings are kept clear during operation, typically by a flow of nitrogen or compressed air. Therefore, additional openings are undesirable because increased gas demand increases operating costs. Therefore, it would be advantageous to provide a way to further utilize available openings.

[0012] In view of the prior art, there is a need for improved measurement methods and systems that allow non-invasive measurements without or with minimal (human) intervention, lancing, or similar invasive actions. Furthermore, there is a need for rapid, reliable methods that can be performed frequently and provide reproducible results. Furthermore, the mass of material introduced by the measurement should be minimized.

[0013] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved method for determining at least one parameter of a high-temperature liquid, such as a molten metal, using a sensor unit, which method solves at least one of the above-mentioned problems.

[0014] In particular, one objective is to provide an improved method that allows for the use of a simplified sensor unit with reduced weight and number of components, and a further objective is to provide a method for acquiring parameters when the sensor unit is at a specific immersion depth below the surface of the high temperature liquid.

[0015] A further aspect of the object of the present invention is to provide a method that allows for simplification of the hardware required to implement the method. Furthermore, available entry points within the vessel containing the high temperature liquid should be utilized for introducing the sensor unit into the vessel containing the high temperature liquid.

[0016] A further object is to minimize the time that the sensor unit is exposed to the environment within the container before being immersed in the hot liquid.

[0017] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a system configured to carry out the method of the present invention.

[0018] A further object of the present invention is to provide a system for carrying out the method of the present invention, which allows for determining parameters with reduced effort and costs in terms of equipment, control technology and organization, while at the same time increasing the reliability and quality of the measurements obtained.

[0019] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a metallurgical vessel including a system configured to carry out the method of the present invention.

[0020] It is a further object of the present invention to provide an apparatus including an acceleration means adapted to carry out the method of the present invention.

[0021] These objects are achieved by the subject matter defined in the independent claims.

[0022] The present invention provides a method for determining at least one parameter of a high-temperature liquid using a sensor unit, comprising: The hot liquid is provided in a metallurgical vessel having a surface and an upper opening opposite the surface of the hot liquid, the surface of the hot liquid being a distance D from the upper opening of the metallurgical vessel. M Located at position L M and the method comprises: (a) Distance D between the surface of the high-temperature liquid and the top opening of the metallurgical vessel A providing acceleration means adapted to increase the speed of the sensor unit above the surface of the hot liquid; (b) providing a measurement probe on the acceleration means, the measurement probe carrying a sensor unit, the sensor unit being separable from the measurement probe; (c) separating the sensor unit from the measurement probe; (d) accelerating the sensor unit using an acceleration means; (e) projecting the sensor unit in the direction of the high temperature liquid; (f) immersing the sensor unit below the surface of the hot liquid; (g) measuring at least one parameter of the high-temperature liquid; D A <50%D M It is characterized in that:

[0023] The steps of the method are performed in a given sequential order.

[0024] Surprisingly, it has been found that accelerating the sensor unit rather than just gravity has several advantages: The weight, size, and number of components of the probe housing the sensor unit can be reduced; The reduced material demands reduce costs and also reduce contaminants introduced into the high temperature liquid; This miniaturization of the sensor and associated carrier probe allows the sensor unit to be introduced through openings of reduced size that were previously unavailable for probe introduction using state-of-the-art methods.

[0025] Furthermore, the acceleration means is positioned at a shorter distance from the high-temperature liquid, which further minimizes the time that the sensor unit is exposed to the vessel environment. In metallurgical facilities, entry points for processing molten metal are typically positioned at a short distance from the metal surface and, due to their harsh environment, were not considered suitable access points for measurement devices. These entry points can be used for dual functions by the method of the present invention, i.e., for the introduction of processing materials and sensor units. Particularly in vessels that are not accessible from the top for the introduction of measurement equipment, the method of the present invention expands the possibilities for obtaining reliable data.

[0026] Another advantage of the method of the present invention is that it is carried out without the use of any lances, which further reduces the need for components such as drive or control means for operation. Therefore, the method can be applied to almost any metallurgical vessel. Furthermore, the need for human interaction is minimized, improving operational safety. Particularly in EAFs, an additional advantage is that the slag door does not need to be opened to obtain the measurements. Furthermore, interruptions to the metallurgical plant to obtain the required parameter(s) can be minimized, particularly since the method is applicable during continuous operation. This minimizes the total operating costs, especially the required energy input, and increases the throughput of the metallurgical plant and the quality of the products produced.

[0027] A further factor that reduces the demands on the system in terms of set-up and maintenance is the simplified operating system, which can be located in close proximity to the vessel containing the hot liquid.

[0028] Furthermore, this method allows for reproducible impact areas of the sensor unit on and into the surface of the hot liquid with controlled immersion angles and immersion rates.

[0029] The present invention relates to the determination of the parameters of high-temperature liquids. High-temperature liquids are to be understood as liquids having a temperature above 600°C, preferably above 800°C, and more preferably above 1000°C. The temperature of the high-temperature liquid may for example be in the range of 1000-1900°C, more preferably in the range of 1200-1800°C, and even more preferably in the range of 1400-1700°C.

[0030] The nature of the high-temperature liquid is not further restricted, preferably the high-temperature liquid is a melt of a material with a melting point above 500°C, in particular a melt of a metal, cryolite or glass. Preferably the high-temperature liquid is a molten metal, most preferably molten steel. The terms "melt" or "molten metal" do not exclude the presence of any solid or gaseous parts, e.g. unmolten parts of the respective metal. The temperature of the metal melt varies and usually depends on the composition of the metal and the stage of the melting process.

[0031] In the case of metal melts, the melt may be covered with a slag layer. The term "slag" refers to a non-steel by-product often produced in steelmaking furnaces, typically present as a molten material floating on top of the molten metal. Slag may contain metal oxides, metal sulfides, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesite, dolomite, iron oxide, aluminum oxide, manganese oxide, silica, sulfur, phosphorus, or combinations thereof. To obtain reliable measurements, a sensor introduced into the molten metal must pass through the slag layer as quickly as possible to minimize corrosion and freezing of slag material on the cold sensor before reaching the end point of the measurement. Such a frozen layer must melt when the sensor finally reaches the molten metal before a reliable measurement can be made, thus extending the time the sensor must withstand the decomposing environment of the molten metal.

[0032] The high-temperature liquid is provided in a metallurgical vessel, in other words, the high-temperature liquid is provided in a suitable vessel in the form of a bath. The high-temperature liquid includes the surface, and therefore also includes the bottom side. The bottom side should be understood as the side of the bath of high-temperature liquid that is in contact with the interior of the metallurgical vessel opposite the surface.

[0033] The metallurgical vessel may be any vessel suitable for containing high temperature liquids, for example a metal processing vessel or a furnace, in particular an electric arc furnace. In a preferred embodiment, the metallurgical vessel is an electric arc furnace.

[0034] The metallurgical vessel includes a bottom and an upper opening opposite the bottom. The bottom should be understood to be the part of the metallurgical vessel that is at least partially in contact with the hot liquid, in particular the bottom side of the hot liquid bath. The surface of the hot liquid location is at a distance D from the upper opening of the metallurgical vessel. M At position L M It has.

[0035] Preferably, the metallurgical vessel includes equipment thereon or fixedly mounted thereto. Such equipment may be, for example, heating means such as electrodes, measuring means, or means for treating hot liquids. In the case of molten metal, such means for treating the molten metal may be, for example, carbon injectors, lime injectors, oxygen blowing lances, oxygen-fuel lances, or air-fuel burners.

[0036] A metallurgical vessel typically includes an interior surface defining an interior volume adapted to contain a bath of high-temperature liquid, such as molten metal or molten glass. As used herein, the term "molten metal bath" is specifically used to describe the metal melt within the metallurgical vessel. The interior surface of the metallurgical vessel may include a bottom and at least one sidewall or multiple sidewalls.

[0037] Typically, such metallurgical vessels also include at least one entry point through which a high-temperature liquid, preferably a molten metal bath, can be accessed and / or processed. Such an entry point may be located in a sidewall. In the case of an EAF, multiple openings may be available: a large opening, usually called a slag door, and an entry point located in the sidewall.

[0038] The present invention provides a method for determining a parameter of a high-temperature liquid, which parameter may be a physical, chemical or metallurgical parameter, such as temperature, the presence and / or concentration of compounds, in particular the oxygen content, carbon content, hydrogen content, nitrogen content, aluminum content, or chemical composition.

[0039] "Determining a parameter" may be used herein as a synonym for measuring a parameter. According to preferred embodiments, the parameter may be determined from a single-point measurement or a multi-point measurement. The determination may include determining a single parameter or a combination of parameters. For example, the determination may include measuring the oxygen content of the hot liquid. The determination may also include measuring the oxygen content and the temperature.

[0040] The parameter of the high-temperature liquid is determined using a sensor unit. In other words, the sensor unit is adapted to measure at least one parameter of the high-temperature liquid. It should be understood that the sensor unit includes at least one sensing element. The sensor unit may include additional components. The sensor unit is generally configured as a disposable component that dissolves or burns in the high-temperature liquid after the parameter of the high-temperature liquid has been determined. Part of the sensor unit may already be dissolved before or during the parameter determination.

[0041] The sensor unit comprises a sensing element which may be, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of an electrochemical sensor, an electromagnetic sensor, an optical sensor, a thermoelectric sensor, a sensor for detecting voltage, a sensor for detecting current, a sensor for detecting electrical resistance, or any combination of the specified sensors, thereby allowing a combined measurement of several parameters.

[0042] In particular, the sensor unit may include a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of the hot liquid and / or an electrochemical cell, preferably an electrochemical cell for determining the oxygen activity of the hot liquid.

[0043] Electrochemical cells, particularly electrochemical cells for determining oxygen activity, may include a solid electrolyte tube closed at one end and containing a reference material and an electrode at the closed end. Such sensors are disclosed, for example, in EP 0059222 A1. Electrochemical cells may also be provided as needle sensors including a conductive wire acting as an electrode having at least a solid electrolyte coating and a reference material coating. Such sensors are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,332,449 A.

[0044] The sensor unit may include a bath junction. The bath junction should be understood as a conductive means for providing electrical contact between the sensor unit and the high-temperature liquid. The bath junction may be made of a metal, such as molybdenum (Mo) or steel. The bath junction may be ring-shaped or rod-shaped, and preferably the bath junction is ring-shaped. If the sensor unit includes a thermocouple, such a ring-shaped bath junction preferably surrounds the thermocouple.

[0045] A preferred sensor unit includes a needle sensor for determining oxygen activity, a thermocouple (preferably enclosed in a quartz sheath), and a ring-shaped bath junction surrounding the thermocouple. Such a sensor unit has a compact and robust design, which allows for miniaturization of the measurement probe incorporating the sensor unit.

[0046] Preferably, the sensing element of the sensor unit is embedded in an immersion body. Such an immersion body is provided with a sheath so that the sensing element remains operable during the measurement period. Furthermore, the immersion body aligns the sensor unit when the sensor unit is immersed so that the sensing element has an orientation and measurement position suitable for determining the parameter of interest. Furthermore, the immersion body preferably surrounds the connection between the sensing element and the signal line, further protecting these sensitive and important components of the sensor unit. Preferably, the immersion body is made of a thermal insulating material, typically metal. In a preferred embodiment, the immersion body is made of steel, stainless steel, or copper.

[0047] Preferably, the sensor unit weighs less than 1500 g, more preferably less than 1000 g, even more preferably less than 800 g, and most preferably less than 500 g. Currently used drop-in sensors weigh in the range of 4-6 kg. The method of the present invention allows for a significant reduction in this weight, reducing the amount of material introduced into the hot liquid and further lowering production costs through material savings. Furthermore, measurements are minimally affected by the cold mass introduced by the lightweight sensor unit, resulting in reliable and accurate data.

[0048] Preferably, the density of the sensor unit is higher than the density of the hot liquid. It has proven particularly advantageous if the density of the sensor unit is at least 5% higher than the density of the hot liquid, more preferably at least 8% higher, and even more preferably 10% or more higher. Preferably, the density of the sensor unit is 7.2 g / cm 3 Higher, preferably 7.5 g / cm 3 It may be higher.

[0049] Preferably, the sensor unit does not include any additional weight or buoyancy components. The acceleration means increases the speed of the sensor unit, so no further balancing of the sensor unit is required. Therefore, the design of the sensor unit can be simplified and made compact. This compactness further enables the sensor unit to be introduced into a metallurgical vessel, in particular through available entry points for which conventional drop-in sensors or lance systems are too large.

[0050] Preferably, the sensor unit is configured to be connected to a processing unit, such processing unit being configured to process measurement data from the sensor unit and to determine parameters of the high-temperature liquid.

[0051] The sensor unit may be covered with a protective element that covers the sensing element during handling and protects the sensing element from damage due to impact with the hot liquid surface. Preferably, the sensor unit is covered with a protective cap that surrounds at least the sensing element and is formed from a material that dissolves or melts in the hot liquid. It should be understood that such a protective element is not part of the sensor unit when referring to the density of the sensor unit.

[0052] Preferably, the sensor unit comprises a contact element adapted to connect the sensor unit to suitable means for transferring measured data, preferably a signal line. The sensor unit typically comprises an immersion end and a contact end. Advantageously, the contact element is arranged on or in the contact end of the sensor unit. Such a contact element facilitates mounting the sensor unit in or on a measurement probe, stabilizes contact to the signal line and reduces forces on the sensor unit during acceleration.

[0053] The method according to the invention comprises providing acceleration means adapted to increase the speed of the sensor unit, in other words the acceleration means adapted to launch the sensor unit in a predetermined direction, the acceleration means therefore being dimensioned, configured and arranged to accommodate the passage of the sensor unit.

[0054] The acceleration means is provided above the surface of the hot liquid. In other words, the acceleration means is provided above the maximum allowable level of the surface of the hot liquid. The maximum allowable level is the level of the hot liquid that is reached when the container is filled to its maximum filling capacity with hot liquid. "Above" in relation to the hot liquid in the container means a position higher than the zero level at the bottom of the container. In configurations in which the hot liquid is covered with a further layer of material, for example a slag layer, the acceleration means is preferably provided above the further layer of material.

[0055] Preferably, the acceleration means is adapted to separate the sensor unit from at least one further component of the measurement probe and to accelerate the sensor unit, it being understood that the at least one further component of the measurement probe is not accelerated.

[0056] If the sensor unit is connected to the processing unit by a signal line, for example by a cable or wire, the signal line is not particularly accelerated by the acceleration means but is pulled behind the accelerated sensor unit, although certain parts of the signal line, in particular the section directly connected to the sensor unit, are naturally also accelerated by the acceleration means.

[0057] The acceleration means is a distance D to the surface of the hot liquid. A and the distance D between the surfaces of the high-temperature liquid A is the distance D from the surface of the hot liquid to the opening of the container M is less than 50% of (D A <50%D M In other words, the acceleration means is preferably positioned below half the distance from the hot liquid to the upper opening of the vessel containing it.

[0058] Previously, it was thought that locating the sensor unit near the high-temperature liquid, i.e., in the device providing the high-temperature liquid, prior to its introduction into the metallurgical vessel was not feasible because the gravitational velocity achieved with the significantly reduced travel distance would be insufficient to provide an adequate impact through the surface of the high-temperature liquid. Surprisingly, such positioning of the acceleration means was found to be suitable and even advantageous for carrying out the method of the present invention, even though the distance to the surface of the high-temperature liquid is significantly shorter than in conventional configurations. Furthermore, this provides several advantages. The location adjacent to the surface of the high-temperature liquid shortens the distance the sensor unit must travel inside the metallurgical vessel, thereby reducing the amount of protective means and / or materials required for the sensor unit and the length of the required signal line, thereby reducing the material requirements and therefore the manufacturing costs of disposable components. Furthermore, the residence time of the sensor unit inside the vessel before immersion in the high-temperature liquid is shortened, mitigating the corrosive effects of the high-temperature environment.

[0059] Distance D A is the distance D from the surface of the hot liquid to the opening of the container M Less than 40% of (D A <40%D M) may be preferable, and the distance D A is the distance D from the surface of the hot liquid to the opening of the container M Less than 30% of (D A <30%D M ) may be more preferable.

[0060] Preferably, the acceleration means is arranged in and / or on a sidewall of the metallurgical vessel providing the high-temperature liquid. Therefore, the acceleration means is preferably arranged transversely to the surface of the high-temperature liquid, in other words, the acceleration means is arranged transversely to the high-temperature liquid. Up until now, it was thought that providing the sensor unit transversely, i.e., in the device providing the high-temperature liquid, prior to its introduction into the metallurgical vessel was not feasible, since the harsh environment at these locations would not be suitable as an access point. Surprisingly, it has been found that a transverse arrangement of the acceleration means is not only suitable but even advantageous for carrying out the method of the present invention, even though the distance to the surface of the high-temperature liquid is significantly shorter than in conventional setups.

[0061] The acceleration means may extend through an opening in the vessel sidewall into or adjacent to the volume of the vessel containing the high-temperature liquid. In other words, the acceleration means preferably extends through the vessel sidewall. It is advantageous to position the acceleration means transversely relative to the bath, particularly when access is not possible from a vertical position above the vessel or through a slag door. This is particularly advantageous in EAF installations that include electrodes covered by and introduced through a removable lid.

[0062] It may be preferable for the acceleration means to be removably mounted. If the vessel is a metallurgical vessel, the acceleration means may be fixed within an insulating layer of the side wall, if one is provided.

[0063] The acceleration means may be directed downwardly through a side wall of the metallurgical vessel towards the hot liquid. In a preferred embodiment, the angle between the acceleration means and the inner surface of the side wall facing the hot liquid is at least 25°, more preferably at least 30°, and even more preferably at least 35°. Preferably, the angle is in the range of 25 to 75°, more preferably in the range of 35 to 65°.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the metallurgical vessel is an EAF that includes a slag door, and the acceleration means is not located in, on, or within the slag door.

[0065] The acceleration means typically includes a loading end having a loading opening and a forward end having an exit opening. The loading opening is adapted to insert a measurement probe equipped with a sensor unit. It should therefore be understood that the acceleration means is configured to accommodate the measurement probe equipped with the sensor unit. The exit opening is adapted to allow the sensor unit to exit the acceleration means after acceleration. Preferably, the distance between the loading opening and the exit opening is less than 2 m, more preferably less than 1.5 m, and even more preferably less than 1.3 m. The distance between the loading opening and the exit opening can be, for example, in the range of 0.3 to 1.5 m, preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1.3 m.

[0066] The acceleration means is configured to accelerate the sensor unit along an acceleration path extending between the loading end and the exit opening. In other words, the acceleration path is the path along which the sensor unit is accelerated within the acceleration means during acceleration. The acceleration path typically does not start at the loading end. This is because the measurement probe carrying the sensor unit and the sensor unit itself may have a certain length, and the sensor unit is positioned at a certain distance toward the loading end toward the exit opening before acceleration. In other words, the acceleration path starts from the position of the sensor unit after it is provided to the acceleration means and separated from the measurement probe. In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration path is linear. Preferably, the acceleration path is arranged parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the acceleration means along its length, and more preferably, the acceleration path is arranged coaxially with the central longitudinal axis. In other words, the sensor unit is preferably accelerated centrally within the acceleration means. Preferably, the length of the acceleration path is at least 0.2 m, more preferably at least 0.4 m. The length of the acceleration path may be, for example, in the range of 0.2 to 1.4 m, preferably in the range of 0.4 to 1.2 m.

[0067] Preferably, the acceleration means comprises a hollow elongate member, for example a tube. Preferably, the acceleration means comprises a tube. In such a case, the acceleration path is preferably arranged parallel to a central longitudinal axis of the hollow elongate member.

[0068] After acceleration, the sensor unit can be ejected from the hollow elongate member through the exit opening.

[0069] The forward end of the acceleration means may be flush with the inside of the side wall of the container or may protrude from the side wall and thus be located within the volume of the container.

[0070] The forward end may comprise a nozzle. In one embodiment, the end of the acceleration means that is or can be directed towards the high-temperature liquid is realised as a De Laval nozzle, which allows for the introduction of a purge gas stream into the vessel at high velocity and / or supersonic speed.

[0071] The acceleration means may be actuated by any mechanism known to those skilled in the art, for example a pneumatic mechanism, a hydraulic mechanism, a mechanical mechanism such as a pressing mechanism or a spring, in particular a preload spring, or an electromagnetic mechanism. In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration means comprises pneumatic means configured to accelerate the sensor unit, and such means may comprise a compressed gas source.

[0072] In the case of a pneumatic mechanism, a gas flow is used to accelerate the sensor unit. The term gas in the context of the present invention refers to any gaseous substance, such as a gas, a gas mixture, and / or a dispersion having a gas as a continuous medium. Thus, the gas flow can be a flow of a gas mixture, such as air. The acceleration means can be driven, in particular, by pressurized air or nitrogen. Gas lines are typically highly heat-resistant and are particularly suitable for use in high-temperature environments. A pneumatically driven acceleration means is further advantageous because it requires minimal equipment to be installed near the operating point, requiring only mechanical components that can be designed to be robust. Therefore, equipment with low maintenance requirements can be utilized. Furthermore, particularly in metallurgical vessels, such a gas flow can also be used to prevent the ingress of slag, which could cause clogging of the acceleration means.

[0073] In embodiments having a pneumatic mechanism, the acceleration means is preferably provided with an inlet or coupling for introducing a gas flow, preferably a pressurized gas flow, into the interior of the acceleration means. The gas flow is then discharged through an outlet opening during operation. The acceleration device is preferably connected to at least one gas line for connecting a high-pressure gas source to generate a gas flow within the acceleration means along the acceleration path. Preferably, the inlet or coupling for introducing the gas flow is arranged transversely on the acceleration means.

[0074] The acceleration means may include a second inlet or coupling for introducing a second gas stream. Such a second gas stream may be provided as a purge gas stream that can be permanently applied during processing operations of the metallurgical vessel. The purge gas stream can help keep the hollow space within the acceleration means free of debris from the high-temperature liquid, ensuring reliable operation.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration means is permanently purged with a purge gas flow and an additional gas flow is applied during acceleration of the sensor unit, thus minimizing the use of pressurized gas.

[0076] Preferably, the acceleration means is made of a suitable heat-resistant material, for example a ceramic material, a metal or an alloy. Preferably, the acceleration means is made of steel or stainless steel.

[0077] The acceleration means may comprise means for releasing the sensor unit from the rest of the probe when the sensor unit is provided in such a probe, for example an ejector for releasing the sensor unit or mechanical means configured to separate the sensor unit from the carrier element of the measurement probe.

[0078] During metallurgical processing, certain forms of chemicals, such as lime, calcium, carbon, oxygen, aluminum, and silicon, can typically be introduced into the molten metal to alter its chemical composition. Such an introduction can be, for example, an injection lance or injection system, used to actively treat the hot liquid with particulate or gaseous additives. An injection lance is a lance capable of injecting a gas stream into the metallurgical vessel. The gas stream may contain additional elements for the treatment of the molten metal. Furthermore, to heat and / or treat the molten metal, a means for introducing chemical energy in the form of a fluid, especially a gas, such as a burner or oxygen injector, is usually provided. Such means are often permanently or removably installed in the metallurgical vessel and are usually introduced through an opening located directly above the level of the molten metal. To ensure that the opening to the molten metal remains open, such equipment is purged with a permanent flow of gas, primarily compressed air or nitrogen.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration means is provided in or on an insertion means adapted to insert the fluid and / or particles into the high-temperature liquid. In other words, the acceleration means can be provided as a means with a dual function. It can help prevent metal, slag, and / or debris from entering the feed channel of the injection means and / or acceleration means. This can therefore make the installation of the acceleration system space-saving and easy, further reducing installation costs.

[0080] In particular, locating the pneumatically driven acceleration means in or on the insertion means allows for a favorable installation requiring only a minimal number of additional components and a small footprint within the limited space available within the metallurgical facility. No moving parts are required near the vessel, reducing the risk of time-consuming accidents.

[0081] The method according to the invention comprises providing a measurement probe equipped with a sensor unit on an acceleration means. It should be understood that "providing the measurement probe on the acceleration means" includes loading the measurement probe on or into the acceleration means. In other words, after this step the acceleration means is loaded with the measurement probe and / or the acceleration means is brought into contact with the measurement probe.

[0082] A measurement probe should be understood as a device configured to provide a sensor unit and / or a sensing element before use. In other words, a measurement probe comprises a sensor unit and at least one additional element. For example, such a probe may comprise protective elements for holding and / or protecting the sensor unit during transport and storage, connection elements for electrical and / or mechanical connection, and / or means for transferring a signal generated by the sensor unit as a signal line.

[0083] The sensor unit is separable from the measurement probe. In other words, the sensor unit is separable from at least one additional element of the measurement probe. For example, the at least one additional element of the measurement probe may include a first coupling component configured to releasably engage with a second coupling component disposed on or in the sensor unit. The at least one additional element of the measurement probe may also include a catch element that releases the sensor unit when a certain force is applied.

[0084] Preferably, the measurement probe comprises a carrier element, preferably a carrier tube, e.g. a cardboard tube, which can at least partially accommodate the sensor unit and optionally further elements of the measurement probe. Preferably, the measurement probe does not comprise elements extending laterally from the carrier element.

[0085] Preferably, the measurement probe includes at least one signal line configured to connect the sensor unit to the processing unit. The signal line may include one or more wires or cables. In such a case, the measurement probe advantageously includes a probe contact element configured to be connected to the at least one signal line.

[0086] The at least one signal line may be wound within the measurement probe carrying the sensor unit, in particular within a tube of the measurement probe, for example the signal line or lines may pass inside a carrier tube where they are wound around the longitudinal axis of the carrier tube.

[0087] Alternatively, the sensor unit may comprise suitable means for wirelessly transmitting the measured data to the processing unit, in which case the sensor unit is adapted to transmit the measured data to a wireless data signal receiver, such as by means of a radio frequency signal.

[0088] Before being provided to the acceleration means, the measurement probes can be stored individually or in a storage unit that accommodates several measurement probes. Such a storage unit makes it possible, in particular, to automatically start a measurement cycle without any manual intervention using a system that implements the method of the invention. The storage unit therefore further increases the autonomy of such a system, since several probes can be loaded into the system at the same time, minimizing further interactions that are required.

[0089] The method according to the invention comprises decoupling the sensor unit from the measurement probe, in other words the sensor unit is released from further components of the measurement probe before acceleration.

[0090] This separation can be achieved, for example, by a release mechanism provided on the measuring probe and / or by corresponding release means provided by the acceleration means. Separation can also be achieved by external separation means.

[0091] The method according to the invention comprises accelerating the sensor unit using an acceleration means, during which the sensor unit is accelerated along an acceleration path of the acceleration means.

[0092] The sensor unit is accelerated at an acceleration. As known to those skilled in the art, acceleration is the rate of change of an object's velocity with respect to time. Acceleration should be understood as the average acceleration along the acceleration path. Preferably, the acceleration is at least 15 m / s 2 , more preferably at least 20 m / s 2 , more preferably at least 25 m / 2 In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration is 15 to 80 m / s 2 The speed is preferably in the range of 25 to 70 m / s 2 Such acceleration is sufficient to accelerate even lightweight sensor units weighing less than 1500 g, or even less than 1000 g.

[0093] The length of the acceleration path is 0.2 to 1.4 m, and the acceleration is 15 to 80 m / s 2 It has proven advantageous when the acceleration is in the range of 1 / 2. Such an arrangement allows even lightweight sensor units to be accelerated sufficiently and efficiently.

[0094] The acceleration may or may not be constant along the acceleration path, for example, the acceleration may include an increasing phase where the acceleration increases and a constant phase where the acceleration is constant. The acceleration may include multiple accelerations, for example, the acceleration may include a first acceleration and a second acceleration, preferably the first acceleration is less than the second acceleration.

[0095] Preferably, the exit velocity of the sensor unit is at least 3 m / s, more preferably at least 5 m / s, and even more preferably greater than 8 m / s. In advantageous embodiments, the exit velocity of the sensor unit is in the range of 3 to 18 m / s, more preferably in the range of 5 to 15 m / s. Exit velocity should be understood as the speed of the sensor unit when it is launched from the acceleration means. A minimum exit velocity has been shown to be particularly advantageous for lightweight sensor units, e.g., weighing less than 1500 g, or even less than 1000 g. A minimum exit velocity allows such a sensor unit to achieve a strong enough impact to penetrate the surface of the hot liquid.

[0096] In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration means includes an acceleration path of less than 1.5 m and the sensor unit is accelerated to a speed of at least 5 m / s. Such an arrangement allows even a lightweight sensor unit to have a sufficiently strong impact when it reaches the surface of the hot liquid.

[0097] In preferred embodiments, the sensor unit weighs less than 1000 g, more preferably less than 500 g, and is accelerated to a speed of at least 5 m / s. Such a combination allows even these lightweight sensor units to have a sufficiently strong impact when they reach the surface of the hot liquid.

[0098] After acceleration, the sensor unit acquires a certain amount of momentum. As known to those skilled in the art, momentum is the product of an object's mass and velocity. Preferably, the sensor unit is accelerated to acquire a momentum of at least 1000 g*m / s, more preferably at least 1500 g*m / s, and even more preferably at least 2000 g*m / s. ​​In preferred embodiments, the momentum is in the range of 1000 to 10,000 g*m / s, preferably in the range of 1500 to 8,000 g*m / s. ​​The minimal momentum allows even a lightweight sensor unit to achieve a strong enough impact to penetrate the surface of the hot liquid.

[0099] In a preferred embodiment, the sensor unit weighs less than 1000 g and is accelerated to obtain a momentum of at least 1000 g*m / s. ​​Such a combination allows even these lightweight sensor units to have a sufficiently strong impact when they reach the surface of the hot liquid.

[0100] The method according to the present invention includes launching a sensor unit toward the high-temperature liquid. By "launching the sensor unit" is meant that the sensor unit is released from the acceleration means. The sensor unit then moves toward the high-temperature liquid. During this movement, the sensor unit moves along a launch trajectory.

[0101] Preferably, the sensor unit is launched at an angle of at least 25°, more preferably at least 30°, and even more preferably at least 35° relative to the surface normal of the high-temperature liquid. The surface normal of the high-temperature liquid should be understood as an axis perpendicular to the surface. It should be understood that the launch angle is primarily determined by the position and orientation of the accelerating means relative to the sidewall of the metallurgical vessel. In a metallurgical vessel configuration with a sidewall positioned perpendicular to the surface of the high-temperature liquid, the surface normal is aligned parallel to the sidewall. Preferably, the launch angle is in the range of 25 to 75°, more preferably in the range of 35 to 65°. Launching at a constant angle relative to the surface normal or the sidewall allows the sensor unit to reach a certain distance from the sidewall before entering the high-temperature liquid, which usually results in a more homogeneous area and therefore more reliable and representative measurement results.

[0102] Preferably, the launch trajectory is straight, in other words, the launch trajectory is not curved. A straight launch trajectory minimizes the length of the trajectory, thereby minimizing the movement time of the sensor unit. It may be desirable for the launch trajectory to have a curvature of less than 5°, more preferably less than 3°.

[0103] If the sensor unit is connected to the signal line, for example by a wire, several wires or a cable, the signal line is pulled by the sensor unit and follows its movement. If the signal line is wound inside the measurement probe, it is unwound at this stage.

[0104] The method according to the present invention includes immersing the sensor unit below the surface of the high-temperature liquid. In other words, the sensor unit enters the high-temperature liquid after a step of moving the sensor unit toward the high-temperature liquid at at least a speed provided by the acceleration means. If a slag layer is present in the molten metal, the sensor unit passes through this slag layer before entering the molten metal.

[0105] The sensor unit is placed at a distance D from the entry point in the vessel. I The hot liquid enters the surface at an impact point located at the diameter (D V ), in other words, D I <50%D V , more preferably D I <30%D V Impact close to the sidewall of the container is advantageous because it minimizes the distance the sensor unit must travel within the container.

[0106] Preferably, the sensor unit is immersed at an angle of less than 65° relative to the surface of the high-temperature liquid, more preferably less than 60°, and even more preferably less than 55°. Drop sensors typically pass through the molten metal surface at an immersion angle of approximately 90°. The smaller the immersion angle, the lower the resistance of the high-temperature liquid surface during the immersion phase, and therefore the sensor unit may be less susceptible to impact damage. Particularly in metallurgical applications where the sensor unit must pass through a slag layer before being immersed below the surface of the molten metal, a lower immersion angle is advantageous for the operability of the sensor unit. The sensor unit can enter the high-temperature liquid at an immersion angle of, for example, 15 to 65°, preferably 25 to 55°, and even more preferably 30 to 50°. Immersion angles within the preferred range allow the impact point to be positioned at a sufficient distance from the sidewall while simultaneously minimizing the impact point distance, thereby minimizing the required signal line length and allowing the sensor unit to penetrate deep enough. Additionally, if the immersion angle is too small, the distance the sensor unit must travel through additional layers of material increases, which can cause it to slow down too much before impacting the surface of the hot material.

[0107] The method according to the present invention comprises measuring at least one parameter of the high-temperature liquid. It is to be understood that the measurement is performed when the sensor unit is immersed below the surface of the high-temperature liquid. "Measuring" is used herein to describe the step of determining at least one parameter of the high-temperature liquid. This step may comprise measuring a single data point, or measuring multiple data points, i.e., measuring a series of data points.

[0108] The measurement may include further steps, for example transmitting the data to a processing unit and / or processing the data.

[0109] After passing the surface of the high-temperature liquid, the sensor unit dives to a certain depth. During this diving phase, the speed gradually decreases as the sensor unit is slowed down by the surrounding high-temperature liquid. During this phase, the sensor unit is heated by the high-temperature liquid. Eventually, the forward speed becomes zero, in other words, the movement of the sensor unit stops. Once the weight and density of the sensor unit are selected accordingly, an ascent phase follows, during which the sensor unit moves upward again. Preferably, measurements are taken during this ascent phase. Thus, the recorded data comes from parts of the high-temperature liquid that were not previously affected by the sensor unit, resulting in more accurate data.

[0110] After measuring the parameter of the hot liquid, further steps may follow, such as releasing or ejecting parts of the measuring probe that remain in or on the acceleration means after acceleration of the sensor unit, cutting remaining cables, etc.

[0111] The present invention also refers to a system for carrying out the inventive method. All embodiments described in relation to the inventive method can also be applied to the inventive system in any combination.

[0112] Preferably, the system includes an acceleration means.

[0113] In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration means is configured to accelerate the sensor unit of less than 1000 g to obtain a momentum of at least 1000 g*m / s.

[0114] In a preferred embodiment, the acceleration means is configured to accelerate the sensor unit, weighing less than 1000g, more preferably less than 500g, to a velocity of at least 5m / s over an acceleration path of less than 1.5m.

[0115] Preferably, the system according to the invention comprises a processing unit, which should be understood as a unit configured to acquire and process the signals acquired by the appropriate sensor units in order to determine the parameters of interest of the high-temperature liquid. In a preferred embodiment, the processing unit is configured to be arranged outside the metallurgical vessel containing the high-temperature liquid.

[0116] Preferably, the system comprises means for transferring the signals acquired by the appropriate sensor units. These means may for example comprise extension wires arranged to be connected to the sensor units and the processing unit, but means for wireless transfer may also be suitable.

[0117] The system may also include a loading unit for loading the measurement probe into the acceleration means.

[0118] The system may further include a storage unit in which the measurement probe can be stored prior to use.

[0119] The present invention also refers to a metallurgical vessel comprising a system for carrying out the inventive method. All embodiments described in connection with the inventive method or the inventive system can also be applied to the inventive metallurgical vessel in any combination.

[0120] Preferably, the metallurgical vessel is an electric arc furnace. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0121] The following schematic drawings illustrate aspects of the invention in relation to several exemplary views to enhance understanding of the invention. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown. The elements of the drawings are not necessarily to scale relative to each other. Like reference numerals indicate corresponding like parts.

[0122] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary measurement probe. [Figure 2]1 is a schematic diagram of a metallurgical vessel having an acceleration means mounted on a side wall thereof; [Figure 3] FIG. 10 shows acceleration and velocity profiles of an exemplary measurement sequence for measurements in a high temperature liquid not covered with an additional layer of material. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 illustrates acceleration and velocity profiles of an exemplary measurement sequence covered with an additional layer of material. [Figure 5] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vessel containing a high-temperature liquid with an accelerator positioned transversely.

[0123] FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary measurement probe 1. The probe 1 includes a carrier tube 2, which may be formed from cardboard. A sensor unit 3 is at least partially mounted at one end within the carrier tube 2 and held by a release mechanism 4. The sensor unit 3 includes a sensing element 5 and an immersion body 6. The sensing element 5 is selected depending on the parameter to be measured and may include, for example, an oxygen-sensing element and / or a temperature-measuring element such as a thermocouple. The immersion body 6 is preferably a solid metal body having a high density and high thermal conductivity, e.g., a solid steel body having a hole for engaging the sensing element 5. To protect the sensing element 5 during handling of the measurement probe 1, a protective cap 7 formed from a material that dissolves or melts in the respective high-temperature liquid surrounds the sensing element.

[0124] Along the inside of the carrier tube 2, a signal wire 8, one end of which is connected to the sensor unit 3, is wound into a winding 9 along the inside of the carrier tube 2. The connection may be realized by a contact piece (not shown) located in the immersion body 6. The other end of the signal wire is connected to a connection element 10 at the other end of the carrier tube. The connection element 10 may provide a suitable connection point to an extension cable or a means for wirelessly transferring the signals acquired by the sensor unit to a processing unit.

[0125] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a metallurgical vessel 20, such as an electric arc furnace (EAF), with an acceleration means (accelerator, 21) integrated into the sidewall. EAFs used in steelmaking typically include a vessel 22 containing a molten metal bath 23 and a removable lid 25 through which one or more electrodes 26 can enter the furnace. A slag layer 24 covers the molten metal 23. The electrodes 26 used to heat the metal are positioned on top of the vessel 22. The interior of the metallurgical vessel 20 is typically heated to temperatures of about 600-2000°C or higher during processing.

[0126] An inlet point 27, typically used in equipment for treating molten metal baths, such as a carbon injector, is located on the side wall 28 of the vessel 22. This inlet point 27 can also accommodate an accelerator 21, which is preferably combined with a means for treating the molten metal bath 23. The accelerator 21 can be, for example, an elongated tube, such as a pneumatically driven blowing lance. Advantageously, such a pneumatic device can be permanently purged with a gas flow, which keeps the accelerator inlet point and opening open. In a preferred embodiment, the accelerator comprises a vacuum conveyor (e.g., commercially available from Sommer Technik GmbH, Straubenhardt, Germany) mounted on a steel tube. In an exemplary embodiment, the accelerator's inner tube is 1.5 m long. If a probe is provided, the sensor unit is located 1.3 m from the accelerator opening directed toward the molten metal bath 23. A gas flow rate of 3200 l / min was applied to accelerate the sensor unit, which resulted in an exit velocity of 10 m / s for a 200 g sensor unit.

[0127] The accelerator 21 traverses the side wall 28 of the vessel with its tip located flush with the inside of the side wall 28. The accelerator 21 is positioned so that after the acceleration phase, a sensor unit emitted from the accelerator 21 enters the surface of the melt 29. The accelerator 21 may be surrounded by a so-called cold box, which is an entity located inside the vessel to protect the equipment contained therein. Usually, the parts of the vessel interior that are not in contact with the molten metal bath are provided with a cooling mechanism, e.g., water cooling.

[0128] In the configuration shown in Figure 2, the accelerator 21 is equipped with a measurement probe 1 carrying a suitable sensor unit (not shown). An extension cable 30 connects the sensor unit to a processing unit 31 which may be located remotely from the vessel.

[0129] In a typical measurement sequence, the first step is to load the measurement probe into the accelerator. Inside the accelerator, the sensor unit is separated from the carrier part of the probe. This separation can be achieved, for example, by a suitable device, such as a shoulder or a barrel cone inside the accelerator, against which the holding means of the probe is pressed to release the sensor unit. It should be emphasized that none of the connections between the sensor unit and the signal lines or appropriate connectors are released; they are all configured to remain in place at least until the measurement sequence is finished.

[0130] The sensor unit is then accelerated, for example by compressed air, and projected with high initial velocity and momentum from accelerator 21 into the interior of vessel 22, towards the molten metal bath 23. The sensor unit flies in a straight line path towards the molten metal and enters surface 29. A signal wire connected to the sensor unit is brought out of the probe's carrier element behind the sensor unit and is selected to withstand the environment within the vessel for a long enough time to allow measurements to be taken.

[0131] Once the sensor unit is immersed below the surface of the molten metal bath, it can measure the desired parameters and transmit the corresponding signals to an appropriate analyzer. After recording the required data, the probe element that is not being projected into the molten metal can be removed from the accelerator, for example by ejecting it into the molten metal bath.

[0132] Figure 3 shows the acceleration (A) and velocity profiles (B) of an exemplary measurement sequence for measurements in a high-temperature liquid without an additional layer of material. The profile begins after the sensor unit is separated from the immersion probe and covers phases in which the sensor unit is accelerating and / or moving. In the first phase (I), the sensor unit is actively accelerated by the accelerator at an acceleration significantly higher than gravity. It should be understood that the constant acceleration shown refers to the average acceleration during this phase and may include multiple acceleration phases, or phases of increasing or decreasing acceleration. Therefore, the constantly increasing velocity shown in phase I should also be understood as an average and may include multiple phases. It has been shown that a high exit velocity of at least 5 m / s is required to sufficiently impact a sub-1000 g sensor unit through the surface of the high-temperature liquid. The sensor unit is then ejected from the accelerator at this exit velocity. In the next "free flight" phase (II), gravity further accelerates the sensor unit, increasing its moving speed. After impacting through the surface of the high-temperature liquid, the sensor unit is decelerated by the opposing force of the liquid. In this "diving phase" (III), the velocity decreases until it reaches zero, at which point the sensor unit reaches its final measurement position deep enough below the surface to obtain reliable results in the homogeneous region of the high-temperature liquid.

[0133] Figure 4 shows the acceleration (A) and velocity profiles (B) of an exemplary measurement sequence covered with an additional layer of material, such as a slag layer. Before impacting the high-temperature liquid, the sensor unit passes through the additional layer, which has a deceleration and velocity-reducing effect (phase III-a).

[0134] The high momentum imparted to the sensor unit by active acceleration allows the sensor unit to penetrate deep into the molten metal despite its small mass, the short distance between the entry point and the surface, and the slag layer that slows the unit before final immersion in the molten metal. Furthermore, measurements are minimally affected by the cold mass introduced by the lightweight sensor unit, resulting in reliable and accurate data.

[0135] 5 shows a schematic cross-section of a metallurgical vessel 22 containing a molten metal bath 23 with an accelerator 21 positioned transversely, with the relevant geometric parameters indicated. The accelerator 21 is positioned at a level L above the surface of the molten metal. M Distance D to A The surface of the molten metal is placed at level L M The distance from the opening of the container 33 is D M The container has a diameter of D V After the free flight phase, the sensor unit enters the molten metal at an impact point 34 on the surface of the molten metal, and the distance from the impact point 34 to the entry point 27 on the side wall 28 is D I The injection angle, which is the angle between the normal to the surface of the high-temperature liquid and the trajectory of the sensor unit ejected by the accelerator, is denoted by α. The injection angle is also the launch angle, i.e., the angle of the launch trajectory of the sensor unit (shown by the dashed line) relative to the surface normal of the high-temperature liquid. The immersion angle β is the angle between the surface of the high-temperature liquid and the trajectory of the sensor unit. [Explanation of symbols]

[0136] 1 measuring probe 2 carrier tubes 3 Sensor Unit 4 Release mechanism 5 Sensing Elements 6 Immersion body 7 Protective cap 8 Signal Line 9 Signal line winding 10 Connecting Elements 20 Metallurgical vessels 21 Accelerator 22 Container 23 Molten metal bath 24 Slag layer 25 Removable Lid 26 electrodes 27 Entry Point 28 Container sidewall 29 Surface of a molten metal bath 30 extension cable 31 Processing equipment 32 Hot Liquids 33 Container opening 34 Impact Point L M Surface level of hot liquid D A Distance from the accelerating means to the surface of the hot liquid D M Distance from the container opening to the surface of the hot liquid D V Container diameter D I Distance from impact point to entry point α Spray angle / Firing angle β Immersion angle

Claims

1. 1. A method for determining at least one parameter of a high-temperature liquid using a sensor unit, comprising: the high temperature liquid is provided in a metallurgical vessel having a surface and an upper opening facing the surface of the high temperature liquid; The surface of the hot liquid location is a distance D from the top opening of the metallurgical vessel. Ｍ Position L located at Ｍ and The method comprises: (a) the distance D between the surface of the high-temperature liquid and the top opening of the metallurgical vessel; Ａ providing acceleration means above the surface of the hot liquid, the acceleration means being adapted to increase the velocity of the sensor unit; (b) providing a measurement probe on the acceleration means, the measurement probe carrying the sensor unit, the sensor unit being separable from the measurement probe; (c) separating the sensor unit from the measurement probe; (d) accelerating the sensor unit using the acceleration means; (e) projecting the sensor unit toward the high-temperature liquid; (f) immersing the sensor unit below the surface of the high temperature liquid; (g) measuring the at least one parameter of the high-temperature liquid; D Ａ <50%D Ｍ The method according to claim 1, wherein

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acceleration means is provided and / or attached to a sidewall of the metallurgical vessel.

3. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the acceleration means extends through an opening in a sidewall of the vessel into or adjacent to a volume of the vessel containing the high temperature liquid.

4. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the accelerating means is directed downwardly toward the high temperature liquid through a sidewall of the metallurgical vessel.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sensor unit is immersed below the surface of the high temperature liquid at an immersion angle of less than 65°.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sensor unit is projected at an angle greater than 25° relative to the sidewall of the container.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sensor unit is accelerated to obtain a momentum of at least 1000 g*m / s.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sensor unit has a weight of less than 1500 g.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sensor unit is accelerated to a speed of at least 5 m / s.

10. The acceleration is 15 to 80 m / s ２ The method of claim 1 , wherein the range is:

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the launch trajectory of the sensor unit after launch and before immersion is linear.

12. A system for performing the method of claim 1.

13. A metallurgical vessel comprising a system for carrying out the method of claim 1 or the apparatus of claim 12.

Images