Module with protruding expansion part and configured to be at least partially immersed

Abstract

To provide a floating body caisson configured to be integrated in a floating structure.SOLUTION: A module (1) of the present invention is configured to be at least partially immersed, extends between a first longitudinal end part (4) and a second longitudinal end part (6), and comprises a bottom part (20) and multiple side walls (12) to define an internal volume (14). The module (1) comprises at least one extension section (34) extending from the one outer surface of the side walls (12) which is one of the longitudinal ends (4,6). The module (1) comprises at least one expansion part (36) at least extending beyond a flat surface where the marginal part of the side wall (12) is in the extended plane of the principal plane of the extension section (34).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of floating structures such as artificial islands or pontoons, and more particularly to the floating modules that make up these floating structures. [Background technology]

[0002] In the prior art, it is known to manufacture so-called monolithic floating structures, i.e. floating structures formed from a single structural element, however, the drawback of these monolithic floating structures is that their limited dimensions mean that it is not possible to manufacture floating structures of the required dimensions, or that they require specific infrastructure to manufacture or transport them from their manufacturing site to their destination, which significantly increases their manufacturing costs.

[0003] To address these problems, it is known to manufacture so-called modular floating structures, which comprise a number of separate floating modules that are assembled together to form a modular floating structure of desired dimensions.

[0004] Due to their floating nature, floating structures, whether monolithic or modular, require means capable of ensuring their stability and that of the elements they support. Since floating structures are configured to be remote from land, they must be functionalized to meet the needs implied by this remoteness. This type of functionalization means, for example, adapting to the constraints related to the environment in which the floating structure is located. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The present invention involves proposing a floating caisson adapted to be integrated into a floating structure, the floating caisson being equipped with means to stabilize and / or make functional the floating structure.

[0006] The main object of the present invention is therefore a module adapted to be at least partially immersed, extending between a first longitudinal end and a second longitudinal end, comprising a base and a plurality of side walls defining an interior volume, the module comprising at least one extension extending from an outer surface of one of the side walls at one of the longitudinal ends. According to the invention, the module comprises at least one extension extending, in the extension plane of the main surface of the extension, at least beyond the plane in which the edge of the side wall lies.

[0007] The at least partially submerged module according to the present invention is, for example, a concrete caisson configured to form a structure configured to be at least partially submerged, such as an artificial island or platform. "At least partially submerged" means that the module is either floating or fully submerged, particularly in the case of a module placed on the seabed. For example, the module is generally cubic in shape, with a bottom and sidewalls defining an interior volume of the module. The inner surfaces of the sidewalls face the interior volume, while the outer surfaces face away from the interior volume. At least one of the sidewalls includes an extension portion integral with the sidewall that protrudes from its outer surface. More specifically, the extension portion protrudes from the sidewall in that it extends beyond the extension plane of its main surface, i.e., it extends away from the interior volume. The extension portion also protrudes from the sidewall in that it extends beyond the longitudinal side of the sidewall. This extension portion is configured to allow two adjacent modules to be joined together. Therefore, the module is configured to be at least partially covered with concrete.

[0008] The side walls have edges, and the edges of each of the side walls extend in the same plane, which plane is, for example, substantially parallel to or coincident with the bottom of the module. According to the invention, the module comprises an extension portion that extends beyond the plane in which the edges of the side walls extend, contiguous with the extension portion. For example, the extension portion extends beyond the bottom of the module.

[0009] Depending on how it is positioned, the extension improves the stability and / or functionality of the module to which it is fitted. For example, the extension may serve as wave protection to prevent water from entering the module, as a reservoir, as a support foot for the seabed, as a base for upright elements on the module, etc.

[0010] According to an optional feature of the invention, the extension extends at least along a plane perpendicular to the plane of the base.

[0011] The extension thus extends to increase the height of the module measured along its base, and the extension has a dimension of at least one meter measured along a vertical direction, e.g., perpendicular to the base. Such a dimension is a minimum dimension sufficient to prevent, for example, waves from passing through the extension, thereby ensuring that the module is watertight.

[0012] According to an optional feature of the invention, the extension comprises at least one partition wall extending in a plane common to the extension of the main surface of the side wall supporting the extension, and a portion protruding from the partition wall and extending in the extension of the main surface of the extension.

[0013] In other words, the partition wall is continuous with the side wall in a direction extending in a plane perpendicular to the bottom, and the protrusion is continuous with the extension in the same direction. The partition wall and the protrusion are made of the same material.

[0014] According to an optional feature of the invention, the side wall comprises a first side wall and a second side wall extending in separate planes, and the extension portion comprises a first partition extending in a plane common to an extension of a main surface of the first side wall, a second partition extending in a plane common to an extension of a main surface of the second side wall, and a bottom wall joining the first partition and the second partition.

[0015] It is understood that both the first and second side walls support the extension. As a non-limiting example, the first and second side walls extend in parallel planes. The bottom wall connects the first and second partitions across their entire dimensions measured along a plane perpendicular to the base. The bottom wall joins the first and second partitions at both ends. The bottom wall may join the first and second partitions in either a straight or complex shape. As a result, depending on the embodiment, the extension section generated in a plane perpendicular to the side walls may have different shapes. The cross section of the extension may be, for example, either two right angles, i.e., a semi-rectangular or semi-square shape, or a continuous curve, i.e., a semi-circular or semi-elliptical shape, or an approximately C-shaped cross section. Alternatively, the cross section of the extension may be semi-triangular or semi-hexagonal.

[0016] In accordance with an optional feature of the invention, the module includes a ceiling connecting the side walls opposite the base and helping to define an interior volume.

[0017] The ceiling therefore extends in a plane parallel to the base and different from the base.In an alternative embodiment, the module is open, i.e. without a ceiling.

[0018] According to an optional feature of the invention, the ceiling includes a portion that forms a floor of the extension, the floor, bulkhead and bottom wall at least partially defining an interior housing of the extension.

[0019] This corresponds to the first embodiment of the module according to the invention, in which the bottom wall protrudes from the floor of the extension, which in the first embodiment of the module corresponds for example to the base of a structure erected on the module, such as a wind turbine, or to a means capable of arresting waves.

[0020] According to an optional feature of the invention, the base includes a portion that forms a roof of the extension, the roof, bulkhead and bottom wall at least partially defining an interior housing of the extension.

[0021] This corresponds to the first embodiment of the module according to the invention, where the bottom wall protrudes from the roof of the extension. In the second embodiment, the extension of the module corresponds, for example, to a material reservoir, which contributes to stability by distributing the weight of the storage element within the structure comprising the module.

[0022] Alternatively, the extensions of the module according to the second embodiment are configured to form the feet of the module, which are configured to rest on the seabed, ensuring stability of the module and, where appropriate, the structure, in particular by preventing it from drifting due to currents or waves.

[0023] According to an optional feature of the invention, the sidewalls comprise at least one end sidewall secured to the sidewall from which the extension extends, the end sidewall and the extension participating in defining the cavity.

[0024] The end sidewalls are, for example, perpendicular to the support sidewalls of the extensions and perpendicular to the plane of extension of the main surface of the extensions themselves. The end sidewalls and extensions, when placed opposite the cavity of an adjacent module, define a cavity that serves to form a recess in which two modules can be joined together, if desired, by filling a portion of the recess with concrete.

[0025] According to an optional feature of the invention, the bottom wall extends in an extension of a major surface of the end side wall.

[0026] According to an optional feature of the invention, the bottom wall extends primarily in a plane parallel to and different from the plane of extension of the main surface of the end side wall.

[0027] There are two variations in the embodiment of the bottom wall; the bottom wall is either continuous with the end side wall perpendicular to the bottom of the caisson, or is offset from the end side wall.

[0028] In accordance with an optional feature of the invention, the inner housing is open to the cavity.

[0029] In other words, the inner housing and the cavity are in communication.

[0030] In accordance with an optional feature of the invention, the extension is removable.

[0031] In accordance with an optional feature of the invention, the extension and the extension are made of the same material.

[0032] There are two variations of the embodiment for the extensions: either the extensions are temporarily associated with the rest of the module, or the extensions are not separable from the rest of the module without destroying either or both of these elements. When the extensions are removable, they may be associated with the module and then separated from the module as needed.

[0033] According to an optional feature of the invention, the module comprises a receiving area configured to receive concrete, the receiving area being defined by longitudinal sides of the side walls supporting the extensions and inner sides of the extensions.

[0034] The receiving area corresponds to the part of the cavity configured to receive concrete for fastening the two modules together. The receiving area is also defined at the level of the extension by the free end of the bulkhead, i.e. the end that is not fixed to the bottom wall, and by the part that protrudes from this bulkhead.

[0035] According to an optional feature of the invention, the module comprises a first extension at one of its longitudinal ends and a second extension at the other of its longitudinal ends, the module comprising the first extension at least extending in an extension plane of a main surface of the first extension and the second extension at least extending in an extension plane of a main surface of the second extension.

[0036] The module therefore has two extensions, one at each of its longitudinal ends.

[0037] According to an optional feature of the invention, the module comprises a concrete body.

[0038] The body of the module comprises at least its side walls and its bottom, and, where appropriate, also the ceiling of the module.

[0039] The invention also relates to a structure adapted to be at least partially immersed, comprising at least a first module as described above and a second module as described above.

[0040] The first module and the second module are intended to be fixed together to form a structure, and such fixed joining is made possible by their respective extensions.

[0041] According to an optional feature of the invention, the extensions and extensions of the first module are opposite the extensions and extensions of the second module, and the structure comprises a sealing device interposed between the extensions and extensions of the first module, on the one hand, and the extensions and extensions of the second module, on the other hand.

[0042] For example, the structure may include a single sealing device, such as a gasket, disposed along one of the first and second extensions, the sealing device also extending along the terminal end of the protrusion of the extension.

[0043] Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will become more apparent on reading the following description on the one hand and the examples of embodiments given by way of indication and non-limitingly with reference to the attached drawings on the other hand. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0044] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic perspective view of a module configured to be at least partially immersed in accordance with the present invention and having extensions and extensions according to a first embodiment; [Figure 2]1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of two modules each having an extension according to a first embodiment and adapted to be assembled to form a floating body structure according to the invention; FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the two modules of FIG. 2. [Figure 4] 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the two modules of FIG. 2 assembled together. [Figure 5] 3 is another schematic cross-sectional view of the two modules of FIG. 2 assembled together. [Figure 6] 2 is a schematic diagram of the module of FIG. 1 fitted with a first extension according to a first embodiment and a second extension according to a second embodiment, with a central portion cut away; [Figure 7] 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure comprising at least one module according to a first embodiment; [Figure 8] 1 is a schematic diagram of two modules according to a second embodiment configured to be assembled to form a structure configured to be at least partially immersed in accordance with the present invention; [Figure 9] 10 is a schematic diagram of two modules according to a third embodiment configured to be assembled to form a structure configured to be at least partially immersed in accordance with the present invention; FIG. [Figure 10] 10 is a schematic diagram of a structure comprising at least one module according to a third embodiment. [Figure 11] 10A-10C are schematic diagrams of different possible shapes of sections of the extension of the module. [Figure 12] 1A-1C are schematic cross-sectional views of different possible module shapes; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0045] The features, variations, and different embodiments of the invention can be associated with one another in various combinations, provided they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive. In particular, it is possible to envision variations of the invention that include only a selection of the features described below, in isolation from the other features described, if this selection of features is sufficient to provide a technical advantage and / or distinguish the invention from the prior art.

[0046] In the figures, elements common to several figures retain the same reference numerals.

[0047] In the following detailed description, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral" and "vertical" refer to the orientation of a module according to the invention. The longitudinal direction corresponds to the main extension dimension of the module, this longitudinal direction being parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the reference frames L, V, T shown in the figures. The vertical direction corresponds to the dimension perpendicular to the bottom of the module, this vertical direction being parallel to the vertical axis V of the reference frames L, V, T, this vertical axis V being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L. Finally, the lateral direction corresponds to the direction parallel to the lateral axis T of the reference frames L, V, T, this lateral axis T being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L and to the vertical axis V.

[0048] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a module 1 configured to be at least partially submerged in accordance with the present invention, which module 1 is configured to be associated with one or more other modules 1 to produce a structure 2 configured to be at least partially submerged, for example, as shown in Figures 7 and 10. Module 1 is a floating module. Structure 2 is configured to form, for example, a platform or an artificial island. Although structure 2 is herein a floating structure, the present invention also covers submerged structures that rest on the bottom of an ocean, sea, or lake. In this case, structure 2 may float and move across the water before being submerged in a desired location.

[0049] The module 1 has a main extension direction corresponding to a longitudinal direction L. The module 1 extends along this longitudinal direction L between a first longitudinal end 4 and a second longitudinal end 6. The module 1 comprises a main body 8, for example made of concrete, and metal reinforcements 10 inserted into the main body 8. These metal reinforcements 10 are shown by dotted lines in Figures 2 to 4.

[0050] The body 8 of the module 1 includes a plurality of side walls 12, four in this example. The side walls 12 are arranged parallel to one another. More specifically, the side walls 12 include a first side wall 12A, a second side wall 12B, and two end side walls 12C and 12D. The end side walls 12C and 12D contact the module 1 at its longitudinal ends 4 and 6, are parallel to one another, and extend in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L. The first and second side walls 12A and 12B connect the end side walls 12C and 12D in pairs and extend in a plane parallel to the longitudinal direction L. The shape of the module 1 described herein is exemplary, and other shapes of the module 1 may be envisioned without departing from the invention. Various examples of the shape of the module 1 are shown in FIG. 12, which shows a perspective cross-section of the module 1.

[0051] The sidewalls 12 define therebetween an interior volume 14 of the module 1. This interior volume 14 is more specifically opposite an interior surface 16 of the sidewalls 12, which also have an exterior surface 18 opposite the interior surface 16 and the interior volume 14.

[0052] In addition to the sidewalls 12, the interior volume 14 is defined by a bottom 20 of the module 1. This bottom 20 can be seen in FIG. 2. It connects the sidewalls 12 to one another and extends substantially perpendicular to them. In some embodiments, the interior volume 14 is defined by a ceiling 22 so as to form a closed volume. The ceiling 22 then extends substantially parallel to the bottom 20. The bottom 20 and the ceiling 22 extend in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction V of the module 1.

[0053] The interior volume 14 is configured to be filled with a material having a density lower than that of water to ensure the buoyancy of the module 1. A first portion 24 of the module 1 is immersed, i.e., located below a water line 26, while a second portion 28, located on the opposite side of the module from the first portion 24 in the vertical direction V, emerges into the air, i.e., is located above the water line 26. The water line 26 is shown as a dashed line in Figure 6, which is also shown in the first and second portions 24, 28, as well as in Figures 7 and 10.

[0054] Each of the first and second side walls 12A, 12B is defined in the longitudinal direction L by a side surface 30, having a first side surface 30A at the level of the first longitudinal end 4 of the module 1 and a second side surface 30B at the level of the second longitudinal end 6 of the module 1. The side surface 30 of a given side wall 12 serves to connect its inner surface 16 with its outer surface 18. It should be noted that the side surfaces 30 of the first and second side walls 12A, 12B extend outside the internal volume 14 and the end side walls 12C, 12D of the module 1; in other words, the side surfaces 30 protrude from the plane in which the end side walls 12C, 12D lie and protrude away from the internal volume 14.

[0055] The sidewalls 12 are also defined by edges 32, including a lower edge 32A and an upper edge 32B, that connect the inner surface 16 of a given sidewall 12 to its outer surface 18 in the vertical direction V. The lower edge 32A of the sidewall 12 is located at the level of the bottom 20 of the module 1, while the upper edge 32B is located near the ceiling 22. Because all sidewalls 12 have the same dimensions, measured in the vertical direction V, the lower edges 32A of all sidewalls 12 lie in the same plane substantially parallel to the bottom 20, and the upper edges 32B of all sidewalls 12 lie in the same plane substantially parallel to this bottom 20. For example, the plane in which the lower edges 32A extend coincides with the bottom 20, and the plane in which the upper edges 32B extend coincides with the ceiling 22.

[0056] At least one of the side walls 12 supports an extension 34. In the embodiment shown herein, both the first side wall 12A and the second side wall 12B include such an extension 34, as can be particularly seen in Figure 1. Accordingly, anything discussed herein with respect to the extension 34 of the first side wall 12A is intended to apply mutatis mutandis to the extension 34 of the second side wall 12B.

[0057] The extension 34 is made of the same material as the first side wall 12A. It protrudes from the outer surface 16 of the first side wall 12A. It is therefore understood that the extension 34 extends parallel to the extension plane of the main surface of the first side wall 12A so as to form an additional thickness of the first side wall 12A measured perpendicular to the extension plane of the main surface of the first side wall 12A. In other words, the extension 34 protrudes from the first side wall 12A in a transverse direction T perpendicular to the extension plane of the main surface of the first side wall 12A. In addition, the extension 34 extends beyond the side surface 30A of the first side wall 12A in the longitudinal direction L, thus forming a cantilever with respect to the first side wall 12A.

[0058] It should be noted that bottom 20 also has an extension that is parallel to the extension of the major surface of bottom 20 and extends beyond first end sidewall 12C. Extension 34 of first sidewall 12A, extension 34 of second sidewall 12B, and extension of bottom 20 help define cavity 35 defined by first end sidewall 12C. Ceiling 22, on the other hand, does not have such an extension.

[0059] In order to assemble a number of modules 1 to form a structure 2 that is advantageously configured to be at least partially immersed in a given module 1, the first and second side walls 12A, 12B and the bottom 20 have a first extension 34A at the level of the first longitudinal end 4 of the module 1 and a second extension 34B at the level of the second longitudinal end 6. The presence of the extensions 34 at each of the longitudinal ends 4, 6 of the modules 1, which can be seen in particular in Figure 6, makes it easier to combine the modules 1 with one another. Such combination of modules 1 to form a structure 2 will be described below in connection with a method for assembling two modules 1.

[0060] According to the invention, the module 1 comprises at least one extension 36 that allows improving the stability and / or aids in the functioning of the module 1 and even of the structure 2. As shown in Figure 6, a given module 1 may have a first extension 36A at the level of its first longitudinal end 4 and a second extension 36B at the level of its second longitudinal end 6. What is explained below with respect to the extension 36 is therefore applicable to both the first extension 36A and the second extension 36B.

[0061] The purpose of the extension 36 is to increase the dimension of the module 1 in the vertical direction V. The extension 36 therefore extends at least along this vertical direction V. More specifically, the extension 36 extends along the vertical direction V for at least one meter, in other words, the extension 36 measures a height of at least one meter. While the extension 36 is shown herein as extending perpendicular to the base 20, different embodiments are contemplated without departing from the scope of the present invention, in which the extension 36 extends in a vertical plane, but not perpendicular to the plane in which the base 20 primarily extends.

[0062] In this way, the extension 36 extends, on the one hand, at least in the extension plane of one main surface of the extension 34, and, on the other hand, beyond the plane in which the edge 32 of the side wall 12 lies. Depending on the requirements of the module 1, the extension 36 may be configured differently. The extension 36 is shown in a first embodiment in Figures 1 to 6, in a second embodiment in Figure 8, and in a third embodiment in Figure 9. Unless otherwise stated or in the absence of obvious incompatibilities, any description made herein in relation to one of these embodiments or any other embodiment is intended to apply mutatis mutandis to the other embodiments.

[0063] 1 to 6, the extension 36 is arranged to at least partially overlap the ceiling 22 and the extension 34. In other words, in the vertical direction V, the module 1 comprises the bottom 20, the side wall 12, the ceiling 22 and the extension 36. Similarly, at the level of the first longitudinal end 4, the module 1 has the extension of the bottom 20, the extension 34 of the first side wall 12A and the extension 36.

[0064] More specifically, extension 36 comprises, for each of first and second side walls 12A, 12B, a partition 38 and a portion 40 projecting from partition 38, also referred to as protrusion 40. It will thus be understood that there is a first protrusion 40A for first partition 38A and first side wall 12A, and a second protrusion 40B for second partition 38B and second side wall 12B.

[0065] The partition 38 extends along the vertical direction V, contiguous with the side wall 12, i.e., in the extension plane of the main surface of the side wall 12. Similarly, the protrusion 40 extends along the vertical direction V, contiguous with the extension 34, i.e., in the extension plane of the main surface of the extension 34. The partition 38 extends in the longitudinal direction L to the plane on which the first side surface 30A of the side wall 12 exists. In the transverse direction T, the protrusion 40 protrudes from the partition 38 to follow the shape of the extension 34 as a result of the above-mentioned offset between the side wall 12 and the extension 34.

[0066] In addition to the partition wall 38 and the protrusion 40, the extension 36 includes a bottom wall 42. The bottom wall 42 connects a first partition wall 38A, which is continuous with the first side wall 12A, to a second partition wall 38B, which is continuous with the second side wall 12B. More specifically, the bottom wall 42 connects one end of the partition wall 38 opposite the end supporting the protrusion 40; in other words, the bottom wall 42 connects the end of the partition wall 38 opposite the longitudinal direction L to the protrusion 40. In this specification, the partition wall 38, the protrusion 40, and the bottom wall 42 extend beyond the plane in which the upper edge 32B of the side wall 12 lies on the opposite side of the internal volume 14.

[0067] The height of the bottom wall 42, i.e., the dimension measured in the vertical direction V, is the same as the height of the partition wall 38 and the protrusion 40. In addition, the partition wall 38, the protrusion 40, and the bottom wall 42 are made from the same material, i.e., are manufactured in material continuity. These elements are made, where appropriate, from the same material as the body 8 of the module 1.

[0068] The bottom wall 42 forms a right angle with the first partition wall 38A and a right angle with the second partition wall 38B, although other joint angles between the bottom wall 42 and the partition wall 38 may be envisioned without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0069] The bottom wall 42, the first partition wall 38A, and the second partition wall 38B help to define an internal housing 44 of the extension 36. In this first embodiment, the internal housing 44 is also defined by a portion of the ceiling 22 that forms the floor 46 of the extension 36. It is therefore understood that the bottom wall 42 rests on the ceiling 22 of the module 1; in other words, the bottom wall 42 protrudes from this floor 22. In this case, the bottom wall 42 is offset in the longitudinal direction L from the extension plane of the main surface of the first end side wall 12C. In other words, the bottom wall 42 extends primarily in a plane different from the extension plane of the main surface of the first end side wall 12C, for example, in a plane parallel to but different from the extension plane of the main surface of the first end side wall 12C.

[0070] The floor 46 of the extension 36 extends to the first sides 30A of the first and second side walls 12A, 12B, thereby cantilevering above the cavity 35 of the extension 34. However, the floor 46 does not extend beyond these first sides 30A in the longitudinal direction L. As a result, the inner housing 44 opens into and communicates with the cavity 35.

[0071] The purpose of the extension 36 in the first embodiment is to prevent waves from entering the module 1, and in particular from entering the cavity 35. This is made possible by the arrangement of the extension, which increases the height of the module 1 in the vertical direction V from the bottom 20 to the ceiling 22. Alternatively or additionally, the extension 36 according to the first embodiment forms a base for elements erected on the structure 2, within the structure 2, as shown in Figure 7. Here, the extension 36 forms the base of a wind turbine 48.

[0072] The extension 36 according to the second embodiment will now be described with reference to Figure 8. The extension 36 of the second embodiment differs from the extension 36 of the first embodiment, firstly, due to the arrangement of its bottom wall 42. As can be seen from Figure 8, the bottom wall 42 extends in a plane coinciding with the first end side wall 12C. In other words, the bottom wall 42 is continuous with this first end side wall 12C in the vertical direction V.

[0073] Additionally, in this second embodiment, the extension 36 is not made of the same material as the rest of the module 1. The extension 36 is made of concrete, just like the body 8 of the module 1, but is removable. The extension 36 is fixed to the body 8 using connecting means, such as bolts. Thus, the extension 36 may be added to or removed from the body 8 of the module 1 as needed. Like the extension 36 in the first embodiment, the extension 36 in the second embodiment may be used in the structure 2, for example, as a means of protection against waves.

[0074] An extension 36 according to a third embodiment is shown in Figure 9. It differs from the first and second embodiments in that it is arranged opposite the bottom 20 of the module 1, rather than on the ceiling 22 thereof. Consequently, a bottom wall 42 projects from the bottom 20 in the vertical direction V, away from the internal volume 14 of the module 1. In addition, this bottom 20 comprises a portion that forms the roof 50 of the extension 36. An internal housing 44, which opens into the cavity 35, is therefore defined by the partition wall 38, the protrusion 40, the bottom wall 42, the roof 50, and the floor wall 52 of the extension 36. This floor wall 52 extends primarily substantially parallel to the roof 50, i.e., the bottom 20 of the module 1, and joins the partition wall 38, the protrusion 40, and the bottom wall 42.

[0075] The bulkhead 38, the protrusion 40, and the bottom wall 42 herein extend beyond the plane in which the lower edge 32A of the side wall lies opposite the interior volume 14. Thus, the extension 36 according to the third embodiment increases the height of the bottom 20 from the ceiling 22 in the vertical direction V of the module 1. Furthermore, in this third embodiment, in contrast to those previously described, the bottom 20 does not have an extension. Instead, the extension is supported by the floor wall 52.

[0076] In particular, the extensions 36 in the third embodiment may provide available space for the reservoir within the module 1 corresponding to the internal housing 44. Alternatively, or additionally, the extensions 36 according to the third embodiment may form feet within and for the structure 2, as shown in Figure 10. For example, such feet may allow the structure 2 to be attached to the seabed 53, thus preventing it from drifting.

[0077] As described above, whether it is the first, second, or third embodiment, various shapes of the bottom wall 42 may be envisioned. This results in various shapes of the extension 36 when viewed in longitudinal cross section. These different shapes are illustrated by the variations shown in FIG. 11. More specifically, the extension 36 may be semi-rectangular or semi-square in shape, as shown in FIGS. 11a and 11b. Alternatively, the extension 36 may be semi-circular or semi-elliptical, as shown in FIGS. 11e and 11f. The extension 36 may also be semi-triangular or semi-hexagonal, as shown in FIGS. 11c and 11d, respectively. In general, the extension 36 may take any other shape without departing from the scope of the present invention, provided that the shape is not compatible with those described above.

[0078] A method for assembling two modules 1 to form a structure 2 will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2-5, which show a first module 1A and a second module 1B. FIGS. 2 and 3 show the modules 1 being assembled, FIG. 4 shows them adjacent to each other, and FIG. 5 shows them secured together. The assembly method will be described here with reference to the first embodiment, but the same is true for the first, second, and third embodiments. It should also be noted that while the figures show two modules 1 aligned with each other, other arrangements of the modules 1 are also possible, so long as the modules 1 are arranged so that their respective extensions 34 and extensions 36 face each other. For example, the modules 1 may be assembled in an "L" shape, a "T" shape, or even a cross shape, and at least one, or even all, of the free ends of these example shapes may be provided with extensions and extensions.

[0079] The combination of the first module 1A and the second module 1B ensures perfect mechanical continuity between them and also makes it possible to obtain a structure 2 that behaves like a monolithic structure.

[0080] To combine the two modules 1, the two modules 1 are first arranged opposite each other at a distance from each other, as can be seen in Figures 2 and 3. This corresponds to the step of aligning the modules 1. More specifically, the first longitudinal end 4 of the first module 1A is arranged opposite the second longitudinal end 6 of the second module 1B. At the level of its first longitudinal end 4, the first module 1A has an extension 34 and an extension 36, and at its second longitudinal end 6, the second module 1B likewise has an extension 34 and an extension 36. Thus, the cavity 35 and the internal housing 44 of the first module 1A are arranged opposite the cavity 35 and the internal housing 44 of the second module 1B.

[0081] It should be noted that the first module 1A supports a sealing device 54, such as a seal member, on the free edge of the extension 34 and on the terminal end of the protrusion 40 that is not fixed to the partition wall 38. It is understood herein that the sealing device 54 forms the distal-most end of the first module 1A. Herein, the sealing device 54 extends continuously along the first protrusion 40A, the extension 34 supported by the first sidewall 12A, the extension supported by the bottom 20, the extension 34 supported by the second sidewall 12B, and the second protrusion 40B. Alternatively, the second module 1B may support this sealing device 54, or both the first module 1A and the second module 1B may include such a sealing device 54.

[0082] Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the first module 1A is joined to the second module 1B. Thus, the first longitudinal end 4 of the first module 1A is positioned in contact with the second longitudinal end 6 of the second module 1B. Accurate alignment between the two modules 1 is ensured during the detachable joining step, for example, by a connecting frame (not shown here), which is a rigid structure at least partially made of metal. More specifically, the connecting frame is positioned across the two modules 1, for example, resting on both the first side wall 12A of the first module 1A and the first side wall 12A of the second module 1B. The two modules 1 may also be positioned by respective stops on the first module 1A and the second module 1B.

[0083] When the first module 1A and the second module 1B are joined together, the sealing device 54 is interposed between the extensions 34 and protrusions 40 of the first module 1A on the one hand and the extensions 34 and protrusions 40 of the second module 1B on the other hand and is at least partially compressed.

[0084] When the first module 1A and the second module 1B are joined together, the cavity 35 of the first module 1A and the cavity 35 of the second module 1B form a recess 56 between the first module 1A and the second module 1B. In other words, the volume of the recess 56 corresponds to the sum of the volume of the cavity 35 of the first module 1A and the volume of the cavity 35 of the second module 1B. The recess 56 is defined in the longitudinal direction by the first end sidewall 12C of the first module 1A and the second end sidewall 12D of the second module 1B. In addition, the recess 56 is laterally defined, on the one hand, by a first extension 34A supported by the first side wall 12A of the first module 1A and a second extension 34B supported by the first side wall 12A of the second module 1B, and, on the other hand, by the first extension 34A supported by the second side wall 12B of the first module 1A and a second extension 34B supported by the second side wall 12B of the second module 1B.

[0085] Similarly, the extensions 36 of the first module 1A and the second module 1B are joined, and the inner housing 44 of the first module 1A and the inner housing 44 of the second module 1B are coupled together to form a chamber 58 between the first module 1A and the second module 1B. The volume of this chamber 58 is equal to the sum of the volume of the inner housing 44 of the first module 1A and the volume of the inner housing 44 of the second module 1B. Thus, the chamber 58 is defined longitudinally by the bottom wall 42 of the first extension 36A of the first module 1A and the bottom wall 42 of the second extension 36B of the second module 1B. The chamber 58 is also laterally defined by, on the one hand, the first partition 38A and the first protrusion 40A of the first module 1A and the first partition 38A and the first protrusion 40A of the second module 1B, and, on the other hand, the second partition 38B and the second protrusion 40B of the first module 1A and the second partition 38B and the second protrusion 40B of the second module 1B.

[0086] Due to this chamber 58 and the communication of the internal housing 44 with the cavity 35, the operator of the module 1 has access to the recess 56. Such access is particularly necessary for implementing the mechanical connection step between the first module 1A and the second module 1B to connect the respective metal reinforcements 10. The metal reinforcements 10 protrude from the side surfaces 30A of the first and second side walls 12A and 12B and extend within the recess 56. The metal reinforcements 10 also protrude from the free ends 60 of the first and second partition walls 38A and 38B and extend within the chamber 58. Depending on their position in the vertical direction V, the metal reinforcements 10 extend primarily along the inner surfaces of the extensions 34 within the recess 56 or along the inner surfaces of the protrusions 40 within the chamber 58. The mechanical connection between the metal reinforcements 10 of the first module 1A and the second module 1B is ensured, for example, by a coupler.

[0087] In addition to the metal stiffeners 10, the modules 1 are housed together by a prestressed sheath 62, and each of the first module 1A and the second module 1B has such a prestressed sheath 62. These prestressed sheaths are shown in FIG. 4. They extend between the metal stiffeners 10 and are configured to receive a prestressed cable. The prestressed sheath 62 of the first module 1A and the prestressed sheath 62 of the second module 1B are connected, for example, by a hollow sleeve. A tensile force is then applied to the prestressed cable enclosed within the prestressed sheath 62, binding the modules 1 together and compressing them.

[0088] To ensure complete mechanical continuity between the first module 1A and the second module 1B, during the pouring step, liquid concrete is poured between the two modules 1A. More specifically, the concrete is poured into a receiving area 64 formed in the recess 56 and the chamber 58. This receiving area 64 is longitudinally bounded by the lateral surfaces 30 of the side walls 12 at the level of the recess 56 and by the free ends 60 of the partition walls 38 at the level of the chamber 58. The receiving area 64 is bounded laterally by the protrusions 40. The concrete layer is configured to have a thickness, i.e., a dimension measured along the transverse direction T, i.e., a dimension measured between the inner and outer faces 16, 18 parallel to the transverse direction T, substantially equal to the thickness of the side walls 12A.

[0089] Between the two modules 1, the metal reinforcement 10 and the pre-stressed sheath 62 extend in this receiving area 64. Concrete is poured into the receiving area 64 to embed the metal reinforcement 10 and the pre-stressed sheath 62. The concrete used to connect the modules 1 has, for example, the same composition as the concrete used for the main structure 8 of the modules 1. Once the concrete has hardened, it ensures the mechanical strength and cohesion of the two modules 1. The first module 1A and the second module 1B are connected by the concrete poured into the receiving area 64, as shown in Figure 5.

[0090] The invention therefore proposes a module adapted to be at least partially immersed and adapted to be assembled with one or more other modules to form a structure adapted to be at least partially immersed, the module comprising vertical extensions making it possible to provide stabilizing and / or functionalizing functions within the module and by extensions of the structure, these stabilizing and / or functionalizing functions being realised in particular by increasing the vertical dimension of the module, the vertical extensions being able to extend above or below the body of the module depending on the requirements and the embodiment.

[0091] However, the invention is not limited to the means and arrangements described and illustrated herein, but extends to any equivalent means and arrangements and to any technically operable combinations of such means.

Claims

1. 1. A module (1, 1A, 1B) configured to be at least partially submerged, extending between a first longitudinal end (4) and a second longitudinal end (6), comprising a bottom (20) and a plurality of side walls (12, 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D) defining an interior volume (14), the module (1, 1A, 1B) comprises at least one extension (34, 34A, 34B) extending from an outer surface (18) of one of the side walls (12, 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D) at one of the longitudinal ends (4, 6); The module (1, 1A, 1B) comprises at least one extension portion (36, 36A, 36B) that extends, within an extension plane of the main surface of the extension portion (34, 34A, 34B), at least beyond the plane in which the edge portions (32, 32A, 32B) of the side walls (12, 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D) exist.

2. 2. The module (1, 1A, 1B) according to claim 1, wherein the extension (36, 36A, 36B) extends at least along a plane perpendicular to the plane of the base (20).

3. 3. The module (1, 1A, 1B) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the extension portion (36, 36A, 36B) comprises at least one partition (38, 38A, 38B) extending in a plane common to the extension plane of the main surface of the side wall (12, 12A, 12B) supporting the extension portion (34, 34A, 34B), and a portion (40, 40A, 40B) protruding from the partition (38, 38A, 38B) and extending in the extension plane of the main surface of the extension portion (34, 34A, 34B).

4. the side walls (12, 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D) comprise a first side wall (12, 12A) and a second side wall (12, 12B) extending in separate planes; 4. The module (1, 1A, 1B) of claim 3, wherein the extension portion (36, 36A, 36B) comprises a first partition (38, 38A) extending in a plane common to the extension plane of the main surface of the first side wall (12, 12A), a second partition (38, 38B) extending in a plane common to the extension plane of the main surface of the second side wall (12, 12B), and a bottom wall (42) joining the first partition (38, 38A) and the second partition (38, 38B).

5. 5. The module (1, 1A, 1B) according to claim 1, further comprising a ceiling (22) connecting the side walls (12, 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D) opposite the bottom (20) and helping to define the internal volume (14).

6. the ceiling (22) has a portion that forms the floor (46) of the extension (36, 36A, 36B); 6. The module (1, 1A, 1B) of claim 5, in combination with claim 4, wherein the floor (46), the partition wall (38, 38A, 38B), and the bottom wall (42) at least partially define an internal housing (44) of the extension (36, 36A, 36B).

7. the bottom (20) has a portion that forms the roof (50) of the extension (36, 36A, 36B); 7. The module (1, 1A, 1B) of any one of claims 1 to 3 or 5 or 6, in combination with claim 4, wherein the roof (50), the bulkhead (38, 38A, 38B) and the bottom wall (42) at least partially define an internal housing (44) of the extension (36, 36A, 36B).

8. the side walls (12, 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D) comprising at least one end side wall (12, 12C, 12D) fixed to the side wall (12, 12A, 12B) from which the extension (34, 34A, 34B) extends; 8. The module (1, 1A, 1B) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the end side walls (12, 12C, 12D) and the extensions (34, 34A, 34B) participate in defining a cavity (35).

9. 9. A module (1, 1A, 1B) according to claim 8, wherein the bottom wall (42) extends in the extension of the main surface of the end side wall (12, 12C, 12D).

10. 9. A module (1, 1A, 1B) according to claim 8, wherein the bottom wall (42) extends mainly in a plane parallel to and different from the extension of the main surfaces of the end side walls (12, 12C, 12D).

11. 11. The module (1, 1A, 1B) according to any one of claims 8 to 10 in combination with any one of claims 6 and 7, wherein the inner housing (44) opens into the cavity (35).

12. 12. The module (1, 1A, 1B) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the extension (36, 36A, 36B) is removable.

13. 12. The module (1, 1A, 1B) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the extensions (34, 34A, 34B) and the extensions (36, 36A, 36B) are made of the same material.

14. a receiving area (64) configured to receive concrete; 14. A module (1, 1A, 1B) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the receiving area (64) is defined by the longitudinal sides (30, 30A, 30B) of the side walls (12, 12A, 12B) that support the extensions (34, 34A, 34B) and by the inner sides of the extensions (34, 34A, 34B).

15. 15. A module (1, 1A, 1B) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising a concrete body (8).

16. A first module (1, 1A, 1B) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, A structure (2) adapted to be at least partially immersed, comprising at least a second module (1, 1A, 1B) according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. the extensions (36, 36A, 36B) and the extensions (34, 34A, 34B) of the first module (1, 1A, 1B) are opposite to the extensions (36, 36A, 36B) and the extensions (34, 34A, 34B) of the second module (1, 1A, 1B); 17. The structure (2) of claim 16, further comprising a sealing device (54) interposed between the extensions (36, 36A, 36B) and the extensions (34, 34A, 34B) of the first module (1, 1A, 1B) and the extensions (36, 36A, 36B) and the extensions (34, 34A, 34B) of the second module (1, 1A, 1B).

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