Work plan support method and work plan support program

Abstract

To facilitate the creation of a work plan in construction work.SOLUTION: A work plan support method includes: an acquisition step for acquiring a work plan condition including work requirements required for prescribed work and worker information of workers who can engage in the prescribed work; an extraction step for extracting a plurality of combination ideas obtained by selecting workers who engage from a worker list of all of the workers; an evaluation step for calculating each evaluation value of a plurality of combination ideas on the basis of the work requirements and the worker information; and an output step for outputting a combination idea with upper level evaluation values among the plurality of combination ideas. The work requirements include required skills necessary to perform the prescribed work and the required number of workers having the required skills, the worker information includes skills owned by the workers, and the evaluation value is calculated according to the total number of workers included in the combination idea and the number of workers having the required skills among the workers included in the combination idea.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a work planning support method and a work planning support program for supporting the creation of work plans for construction work. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a construction plan management system that calculates the number of workers and time required for construction work based on design data for a building. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-247688 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the construction plan management system described in Patent Document 1, the number of workers and time required for a task are quantitatively calculated based on pre-set work procedures, labor organization, and work efficiency. However, when actually creating a work plan, it is necessary to allocate personnel while taking into consideration factors such as securing workers with the necessary qualifications for the task and reducing work costs, including labor costs. In order to achieve optimal personnel allocation, it requires a great deal of effort to select the optimal combination from among the combinations of workers available to perform the task. When there are an almost infinite number of combinations, it is virtually impossible to select the optimal combination, and there is a risk that an inappropriate combination will be selected.

[0005] The present invention aims to facilitate the creation of work plans for construction work. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present invention is a work plan support method for supporting the creation of work plans for construction work, and includes an acquisition step of acquiring work plan conditions including work requirements required for specified work and worker information of workers who are able to engage in the specified work; an extraction step of extracting a plurality of combination plans in which workers who will be engaged in the specified work are selected from a worker list of all workers; an evaluation step of calculating evaluation values ​​for each of the plurality of combination plans based on the work requirements and the worker information; and an output step of outputting the combination plan with the highest evaluation value from the plurality of combination plans, wherein the work requirements include the necessary skills required to perform the specified work and the required number of workers who have the necessary skills, and the worker information includes the skills possessed by the workers, and the evaluation value is calculated according to the total number of workers included in the combination plan and the number of workers included in the combination plan who have the necessary skills.

[0007] The present invention also provides a work plan support program for supporting the creation of work plans for construction work, which causes a computer to execute the following steps: an acquisition step for acquiring work plan conditions including work requirements required for a specified task and worker information about workers who are capable of performing the specified task; an extraction step for extracting a plurality of proposed combinations by selecting workers to perform the task from a worker list of all workers; an evaluation step for calculating evaluation values ​​for each of the plurality of proposed combinations based on the work requirements and the worker information; and an output step for outputting the proposed combination with the highest evaluation value from the plurality of proposed combinations; the work requirements include the necessary skills required to perform the specified task and the required number of workers who have the necessary skills, and the worker information includes the skills possessed by the workers; and the evaluation value is calculated according to the total number of workers included in the proposed combinations and the number of workers included in the proposed combinations who have the necessary skills. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, it is possible to facilitate the creation of work plans for construction work. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1]1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a processing device that executes a work plan support method according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] 3 is a flowchart illustrating steps performed in a work plan support method according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating worker information for calculating an evaluation value. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a proposed combination of workers. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining correction according to the number of workers who have the required skills. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining correction according to the total number of workers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Hereinafter, a work plan support method and a work plan support program according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0011] The work planning support method and work planning support program according to the embodiments of the present invention are support tools that support the creation of work plans for construction work, and are used, for example, to facilitate the creation of worker organizations in construction work plans when constructing reinforced concrete structures, etc.

[0012] 1 to 6, a construction work for which the creation of a work plan is supported by the work planning support method and the work planning support program will be described below, in which a series of operations such as rebar assembly, formwork installation, concrete pouring, and formwork removal are carried out at one work site, such as the construction of a reinforced concrete structure, for example, a culvert box. Note that the construction work for which the creation of a work plan is supported by the work planning support method and the work planning support program is not limited to the construction of a reinforced concrete structure, but may also be the construction of a concrete structure or a steel-framed structure.

[0013] The work planning support method is executed in accordance with the control flow shown in FIG. 2 by starting a work planning support program stored in advance in a ROM or the like in a support system 100 in which the processing device 10 is a computer having general computing functions and including a CPU (Central Processing Unit), ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), and an I / O interface (Input / Output Interface).

[0014] As shown in FIG. 1, the support system 100 includes a processing device 10, an input device 20 that is operated by a work manager or the like and is used to input worker requirements and worker information, which will be described later, into the processing device 10, and a display device 22 that displays the results processed by the processing device 10.

[0015] The processing device 10 includes a memory unit 12 that stores various data necessary to execute the work planning support method, and a processing unit 14 that performs evaluation of proposed worker combinations, as described below, based on the data stored in the memory unit 12, etc.

[0016] The memory unit 12 stores a work planning support program, as well as various conditions used when implementing the genetic algorithm described below, and worker requirements and worker information input via the input device 20.

[0017] 1, the processing unit 14 includes an extraction unit 15 that extracts a predetermined number of combination plans by randomly selecting workers from a worker list corresponding to each step of a work plan support method described below, an evaluation unit 16 that calculates evaluation values ​​for the combination plans based on the work requirements and worker information, an optimization processing unit 17 that, based on a genetic algorithm, retains combination plans with the highest evaluation values ​​from the extracted combination plans and generates new combination plans from combination plans with the lowest evaluation values ​​from the multiple combination plans, and an output unit 18 that outputs the combination plans with the highest evaluation values ​​from the multiple combination plans to a display device 22. Note that the components of the support system 100 shown in FIG. 1 are shown as virtual units representing the functions of the support system 100 and do not necessarily represent physical entities.

[0018] When the processing unit 14 has collected the data necessary to execute the work plan support program, it executes the work plan support method in accordance with the flow shown in FIG.

[0019] Below, with reference to Figures 2 to 6, we will explain a work planning support method that supports the creation of a worker organization in a work plan by presenting a more appropriate worker combination plan for performing specified construction work.

[0020] When the work plan support program is started in the support system 100, first, in step S11, work requirements (work plan conditions) required for a predetermined work of the construction for which a work plan is to be created are acquired (acquisition step).

[0021] For example, if the construction work for which a work plan is to be created is culvert box construction, the work requirements for each of the tasks that make up the construction work, namely scaffolding assembly work, rebar assembly work, formwork installation work, concrete pouring work, and formwork removal work, are obtained.

[0022] Specifically, the following task requirements are acquired for each task: the basic task man-hours, which indicate the number of days (hours) required to complete a given task; the qualifications and skills required for the task; the minimum number of workers required NP1 who have the qualifications and skills (required skills) required for the task; and the total number of workers required TNP for the task. The basic task man-hours is the number of working days (hours) required for one standard worker to perform the task. These task requirements for each task are input in advance into the processing device 10 via the input device 20 by a task manager or the like.

[0023] Once the work requirements for each of the tasks that make up the construction project have been acquired, worker information (work plan conditions) for workers who are available to work on the construction project is acquired in the following step S12 (acquisition step).

[0024] As shown in FIG. 3 , worker information includes at least the qualifications and skills possessed by each worker P and the worker unit price UC, which is the cost (labor cost) of each worker P per man-hour (per day). A qualification refers to a license or qualification issued upon passing an examination conducted by a registration organization, and a skill refers to a skill certified by a certificate or the like issued upon taking special training. Note that skills may also include items indicating the degree of proficiency, such as whether or not the worker has experience in the relevant work and the number of years of experience. As shown in FIG. 3 , worker information is listed for each task that constitutes a construction project. Qualification 1 and qualification 2 are the qualifications required for the relevant task, and different qualifications are set depending on the task. The same applies to skill 1 and skill 2. In other words, different worker information is obtained for, for example, scaffolding assembly work and rebar assembly work. Like task requirements, worker information is input in advance into the processing device 10 via the input device 20 by a work manager or the like.

[0025] Once the worker information is acquired and the workers P who are available to work are listed, the process proceeds to step S13, where a predetermined number NS of combinations C of workers P are extracted by randomly selecting workers P who will work from the worker list (extraction step).

[0026] As shown in Figure 4, the combination plan C for workers P is extracted by randomly setting each worker P to either "1: engaged" or "0: not engaged" based on a random number, and if the predetermined number NS is, for example, 100, 100 combination plans C are extracted.

[0027] When there are multiple tasks such as scaffolding assembly, rebar assembly, formwork installation, concrete pouring, and formwork removal, combination plan C is extracted for each task. Therefore, combination plan C includes not only worker assignment information but also information on which task in a series of tasks the worker assignment information is for, i.e., the task order.

[0028] When a predetermined number NS of combination plans C are extracted, the array of each combination plan C consisting of "1" and "0" (for example, "0011...1" for the first combination plan C1 shown in Figure 4, and "1011...0" for the second combination plan C2) is treated as a genetic array, and in the subsequent step S14 and thereafter, the combination plan C is optimized based on a genetic algorithm.

[0029] Specifically, first, in step S14, the extracted combination plan C of a predetermined number NS is set as the parent generation, and then in the subsequent step S15, an evaluation value of the combination plan C set as the parent generation is calculated (evaluation step).

[0030] Here, the evaluation value of combination plan C is the man-hours required for the work when the work is performed by a worker P who is "1: Engaged" in combination plan C, and is corrected according to the total number of workers P included in combination plan C, as well as the number of workers P included in combination plan C who have the qualifications and skills (required skills) required for the work specified in the work requirements.

[0031] It is generally believed that the more workers P there are who have the qualifications and skills (required skills) required for the work specified in the work requirements, the more the work time can be shortened. Therefore, as shown in Figure 5, the first labor-hour correction coefficient F1, which is a correction coefficient according to the number of workers P who have the required skills, is set to "1" if the number of workers P who have the required skills among the workers P who are "1: engaged" in combination proposal C is the same as the minimum required number N1.The first labor-hour correction coefficient F1 is set to "1" if the number of workers P who have the required skills is greater than the minimum required number N1.

[0032] In addition, if the number of workers P with the required skills among those who are "1: Engaged" in combination plan C is less than the minimum required number N1, the work cannot be carried out, and the evaluation value of combination plan C will be "Cannot be evaluated (cannot be calculated)."

[0033] Furthermore, since it is generally believed that the more workers P there are, the shorter the work time can be, the second man-hour correction coefficient F2, which is a correction coefficient according to the number of workers P, is set to reduce the man-hours for the work, i.e., the time required for the work, as shown in Figure 6, the more workers P there are who are "1: engaged" in combination proposal C.

[0034] The first man-hour correction coefficient F1 and the second man-hour correction coefficient F2 are input in advance to the processing device 10 via the input device 20 by a work manager or the like, in the same way as the work requirements.

[0035] The evaluation value of each proposed combination C is calculated using the first man-hour correction coefficient F1 and second man-hour correction coefficient F2 set in this way. Specifically, for example, if the basic man-hours of a task are 20, i.e., if the number of workers P with the qualifications and skills (required skills) required for the task specified in the task requirements is greater than the minimum number of workers N1, the first man-hour correction coefficient F1 corresponding to the number of workers P with the required skills is 0.8, and the second man-hour correction coefficient F2 corresponding to the total number of workers P in the proposed combination C who are assigned "1: Engaged" is 0.5, the evaluation value of this proposed combination C (the man-hours of the task) is calculated by multiplying these coefficients together to 8 (= 20 × 0.8 × 0.5). In this way, the evaluation value of each proposed combination C is calculated based on the total number of workers included in the proposed combination C and the number of workers with the required skills.

[0036] The smaller the evaluation value of each combination plan C, the shorter the time required for the work, so the smaller the evaluation value of the combination plan C, the higher the evaluation.

[0037] On the other hand, since workers P are tied up during the man-hours of the work, i.e., the time it takes to perform the work, the greater the total number of workers P, the higher the work costs. In particular, the greater the number of workers P with a relatively high worker unit price UC, i.e., workers P with many qualifications and skills, the higher the work costs.

[0038] In other words, for combination plan C, which is highly rated due to the large number of workers P with the required skills and the large total number of workers P, there is a risk that the work costs will exceed the budget.

[0039] Therefore, in step S15, the operation cost according to the worker unit price UC of worker P is calculated together with the evaluation value.

[0040] Specifically, the work cost of combination plan C is calculated by multiplying the sum of the worker unit prices UC of workers P who are assigned "1: engaged" in combination plan C by the evaluation value calculated as described above. For example, if the workers P who are assigned "1: engaged" in combination plan C are the third worker P3, the fourth worker P4, and the nth worker Pn shown in Figure 3, and the evaluation value of combination plan C, i.e., the number of man-hours for the work, is "8," the work cost of that combination plan C is calculated by multiplying the sum of the worker unit prices UC of workers P (UC3 + UC4 + UCn) by the evaluation value "8."

[0041] Once the evaluation value of each combination plan C is calculated in step S15, the process proceeds to step S16, where the combination plans C with the top X% (for example, 10%) of evaluation values ​​are selected as combination plans to remain in the next generation (selection step).

[0042] Specifically, if there are 100 combination plans C extracted in step S13 and the top 10% are selected as the combination plans to remain in the next generation, the 10 combination plans C with the smallest evaluation value calculated in step S15, i.e., the highest evaluation, will be selected as the combination plans to remain in the next generation.

[0043] In addition, combination plans C whose operation costs calculated in step S15 significantly exceed the budget, for example, combination plans C whose operation costs are more than twice the budget, may be set to be excluded from the combination plans that will remain in the next generation, and in this case, the same number of combination plans C as the number excluded will be promoted to be selected.

[0044] In the next step S17, crossover is applied to the combination plans C with the lowest (100-X)% evaluation value, and new combination plans C with (100-X)% evaluation value are generated as combination plans to remain in the next generation (generation step). Note that the combination plans C with the lowest (100-X)% evaluation value also include those whose evaluation value was determined to be "unevaluable" in step S15.

[0045] Specifically, two combination plans C are randomly selected from the bottom (100-X)% of combination plans C, and the two selected combination plans C are used as "parents." Using uniform crossover, each worker P is swapped with a 50 / 50 probability to become either "1: engaged" or "0: not engaged," and two new combination plans C are generated as "children."

[0046] For example, if two parent combination plans C "1010011···0" and "0010101···0" are randomly selected from the bottom (100-X)% of combination plans C, and the replacement conditions are randomly set to "no swap, no swap, swap, no swap, swap, swap, no swap,···, swap," two new combination plans C "1010101···0" and "0010011···0" will be generated.

[0047] In step S17, this operation is repeated until two combination plans C can no longer be extracted from the bottom (100-X)% of combination plans C, that is, until the same number of new combination plans C as the bottom (100-X)% of combination plans C are generated.

[0048] The probability of swapping is not limited to 1 / 2 and may be any probability, and may be set, for example, so that the arrangement of the "parent" with the higher evaluation of the two extracted combination plans C (parents) is more likely to remain as the "child." Furthermore, the crossover method is not limited to the uniform crossover described above, and other known crossover methods such as one-point crossover, two-point crossover, and multi-point crossover may be used.

[0049] Furthermore, in the above example, the object to which crossover is applied is the group of the bottom (100-X)% combination plans C, but the object to which crossover is applied may also be the group of the top N% combination plans C selected in step S16. In this case, after the bottom (100-X)% combination plans C are selected (removed), new combination plans C in the same number as the bottom (100-X)% combination plans C are generated by crossover from the top N% combination plans C.

[0050] Then, in the following step S18, mutation is applied to the combination plan C newly generated by crossover in step S17 as a combination plan to remain in the next generation.

[0051] Mutation is an operation to reverse (change from "0" to "1" or from "1" to "0") whether each worker P becomes "1: engaged" or "0: not engaged" in the newly generated combination plan C with a predetermined mutation probability MR (for example, 0.1 to 1%). Note that since the mutation probability MR is set to a low probability, there are cases where no mutation occurs in any of the combination plans C.

[0052] In this way, after a new combination plan C is generated through steps S17 and S18, the total number of combination plans C, which is a predetermined number NS (for example, 100 combinations), including the new combination plan C generated and the top X% of combination plans C selected in step S16, is set as the parent generation in the subsequent step S19.

[0053] In step S20, it is determined whether the parent generation has been set in step S19, that is, whether the number of generation changes has reached a predetermined number M (for example, 100).

[0054] If the number of generation changes has not reached the predetermined number M, the process returns to step S15, the evaluation value of combination plan C set as the parent generation in step S19 is calculated, and the optimization process of combination plan C is performed again based on the above-mentioned genetic algorithm.

[0055] On the other hand, if the number of generation changes reaches the predetermined number M, the process proceeds to step S21, where the evaluation value of the combination plan C set as the parent generation in step S19 is calculated as the evaluation value of the combination plan C of the final generation (evaluation step).

[0056] Specifically, in the same manner as in the calculation of the evaluation value performed in step S15, the evaluation value of the combination plan C and the operation cost according to the worker unit price UC of the worker P are calculated.

[0057] Once the evaluation value of each combination plan C is calculated in step S21, the process proceeds to step S22, where the combination plans C with the top evaluation values ​​(e.g., 5 to 10 plans) are output as recommended combination plans C, i.e., recommended worker allocations (output step).

[0058] The top proposed combinations C output in step S21 are displayed on the display device 22 together with their evaluation values, and the work manager or the like selects the combination C that seems optimal from the top proposed combinations C displayed on the display device 22, for example, the combination C that requires the shortest number of days for the work and whose work costs are within the budget, and formulates a work plan.

[0059] In step S21, a work process chart (work schedule) is created for the top-ranked combination plan C based on the evaluation value (man-hours).

[0060] As described above, the proposed combination C includes the order of work in addition to worker allocation information. Therefore, for example, when a series of work tasks, such as rebar assembly work, formwork installation work, concrete pouring work, and formwork removal work, is performed at one work site, such as in the construction of a culvert box, a schedule (e.g., a Gantt chart) for completing the series of work tasks is created based on the evaluation value (man-hours) of the top proposed combination C for each task. Note that it is preferable that the work manager or the like be able to select, for each task, which of the top proposed combination Cs to use to create a schedule.

[0061] In this way, a schedule for a specified task is created based on the combination plan C selected by the work manager or the like from the recommended combination plans C, making it possible to determine the number of days required to complete the specified task or the number of days required to complete a series of tasks.

[0062] After the above steps are taken, the recommended combination plan C and the work schedule are output, and the control flow ends.

[0063] The conditions required for implementing the genetic algorithm in the work planning support program (for example, the selection rate (X%), crossover conditions, mutation probability MR, number of generations M, etc.) are input in advance by a work manager or the like to the processing device 10 via the input device 20. The conditions related to the genetic algorithm may be changed as appropriate each time the work planning support program is executed.

[0064] According to the above embodiment, the following effects are achieved.

[0065] According to the above-described work efficiency improvement support method and work efficiency support program, the evaluation value of multiple combination plans C, in which workers are randomly selected from a worker list, is calculated based on the work requirements required for the work and the worker information of the workers, and is corrected according to the total number of workers included in combination plan C and the number of workers included in combination plan C who have the skills specified as necessary skills in the work requirements.

[0066] The evaluation of proposed combination C, in which workers are randomly selected in this way, reflects the total number of workers included in proposed combination C and the number of workers who have the specified qualifications and skills (required skills).Therefore, even if there are an almost infinite number of proposed combinations C of workers, it is possible to eliminate proposals C in which the number of workers with the specified qualifications and skills (required skills) is less than the minimum required number NP1, and automatically select an appropriate proposal C that meets the work requirements.As a result, it is possible to make it easier to create work plans for construction work.

[0067] Furthermore, in the above-described work efficiency improvement support method and work efficiency support program, a genetic algorithm is used to select a combination plan C that matches the work requirements. By selecting a combination plan C that matches the work requirements based on a genetic algorithm in this way, it is possible to prevent a group of combination plans C with relatively low evaluation values ​​from being selected, and to select a variety of combination plans C with relatively high evaluation values.

[0068] The following modified examples are also within the scope of the present invention, and it is possible to combine the configuration shown in the modified example with the configuration described in the above embodiment, or to combine the configurations described in the different modified examples below.

[0069] In the above embodiment, the combination plan C is selected based on a genetic algorithm. The method for selecting the combination plan C is not limited to one based on a genetic algorithm, and any method that can solve the combinatorial optimization problem may be used, such as simulated annealing, which is a heuristic method (metaheuristics) similar to the genetic algorithm.

[0070] Furthermore, the selection of the combination plan C may be performed without using a genetic algorithm, for example by simply randomly extracting the same number of new combination plans C as the combination plans C that were not selected in the above-mentioned selection step from the worker list. However, in order to select a variety of combination plans C with relatively high evaluation values, it is preferable to use a heuristic method such as a genetic algorithm.

[0071] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above embodiments merely illustrate some of the application examples of the present invention, and it is not intended that the technical scope of the present invention be limited to the specific configurations of the above embodiments.

[0072] For example, the selection method using a genetic algorithm used to select combination plan C in the above embodiment is just one example, and the selection method using a genetic algorithm is not limited to this. [Explanation of symbols]

[0073] 100···Support System 10 Processing equipment

Claims

1. A work planning support method for supporting the creation of a work plan for construction work, comprising: an acquisition step of acquiring work plan conditions including work requirements required for a predetermined work and worker information of workers who are able to engage in the predetermined work; an extraction step of extracting a plurality of combination plans in which the engaged workers are selected from a worker list of all the workers; an evaluation step of calculating evaluation values ​​of each of the plurality of combination plans based on the task requirements and the worker information; an output step of outputting the combination plan having the highest evaluation value from among the plurality of combination plans, The work requirements include the necessary skills required to perform the predetermined work and the required number of workers who have the necessary skills, The worker information includes skills possessed by the worker, The evaluation value is calculated according to the total number of workers included in the proposed combination and the number of workers who have the required skills among the workers included in the proposed combination. Work planning support methods.

2. The worker information further includes the unit price of the worker, In the evaluation step, the man-hours of the work indicating the time required to complete the predetermined work are calculated as the evaluation value, and a work cost is calculated based on the man-hours of the work and the unit price of the worker included in the combination plan. The work plan support method according to claim 1 .

3. a selection step of selecting the combination plan having the highest evaluation value from among the plurality of combination plans; a generating step of generating new combination plans from the plurality of combination plans based on a genetic algorithm, the number of which is equal to the number of combination plans not selected in the selecting step; In the evaluation step, after the selection step and the generation step are repeated a predetermined number of times, the evaluation values ​​of the combination plan selected in the selection step and the combination plan generated in the generation step are calculated. The work plan support method according to claim 1 or 2.

4. A work planning support program that supports the creation of work plans for construction work, On the computer, an acquisition step of acquiring work plan conditions including work requirements required for a predetermined work and worker information of workers who are able to engage in the predetermined work; an extraction step of extracting a plurality of combination plans in which the engaged workers are selected from a worker list of all the workers; an evaluation step of calculating evaluation values ​​of each of the plurality of combination plans based on the task requirements and the worker information; an output step of outputting the combination plan having the highest evaluation value from among the plurality of combination plans, The work requirements include the necessary skills required to perform the predetermined work and the required number of workers who have the necessary skills, The worker information includes skills possessed by the worker, The evaluation value is calculated according to the total number of workers included in the proposed combination and the number of workers who have the required skills among the workers included in the proposed combination. Work planning support program.

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