Use of cosmetic composition for maintaining and / or restoring scalp microbiome

Abstract

To provide a cosmetic composition for maintaining the scalp microbiome during and / or after chemical hair treatment or restoring the scalp microbiome after chemical hair treatment.SOLUTION: The cosmetic composition comprises at least a mixture of at least two liquid oils being at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil, and at least one solid fat and / or wax.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the use of a cosmetic composition for maintaining or restoring the scalp microbiome during and / or after chemical hair treatment, and to an associated method for chemically treating hair. The cosmetic composition comprises at least a mixture of at least two liquid oils and at least one solid fat and / or wax. [Background technology]

[0002] The microbiome is the microbial flora, including bacteria, yeast, viruses, and fungi, present in a given environment. It is defined by the diversity of the microbiome, including taxonomy and absolute / relative abundance. The microorganisms present on human skin are called skin flora or skin microbiome. In particular, the microorganisms present on the human scalp are called scalp flora or scalp microbiome. These microorganisms are mainly present in the superficial layer of the epidermis and the upper part of the hair follicles.

[0003] The skin microbiome is naturally composed of non-pathogenic microorganisms, which can be either resident microorganisms (microorganisms that do not harm the host) or commensal microorganisms (microorganisms that benefit the host).

[0004] For example, the main bacteria present on the scalp have been reported to be Staphylococcus, Propionibacterium (also known as Cutibacterium), Corynebacterium, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas, and the main fungal species have been reported to be Malassezia, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Wallemia, and Alternaria (Saxena et al., "Comparison of healthy and dandruff scalp microbiome reveals the role of commensals in scalp health," Front Cell Infect Microbiology, 2018). 8:346; see the paper by Grimshaw et al., entitled "The diversity and abundance of fungi and bacteria on the healthy and dandruff affected human scalp," PLoS One, 2019, 14(12), e0225796.

[0005] Among these, non-pathogenic microorganisms that colonize the scalp include, for example, Staphylococcus epidermidis (associated with a beneficial role in acne), Staphylococcus capitis (associated with strong antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus), Cutibacterium granulosum (associated with maintaining a normal skin barrier and stimulating the host immune system), and Cutibacterium acnes (associated with breaking down sebum lipids into free fatty acids, maintaining an acidic pH value in the skin, and inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus - EA Grice et al., "The skin microbiome," Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2011, 9, 244-253), and Malassezia globosa.

[0006] The skin microbiome, and in particular the scalp microbiome, may also include pathogenic or opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms, i.e., microorganisms that colonize the skin and are known to be associated with certain health conditions.

[0007] For example, pathogenic microorganisms that colonize the scalp include Staphylococcus aureus (associated with psoriasis and dermatitis), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (associated with psoriasis and folliculitis), and Malassezia restricta (associated with dandruff) (see Saxena et al., “Longitudinal study of the scalp microbiome suggests coconut oil to enrich healthy scalp commensals,” Nature, open access, 31 March 2021).

[0008] The presence, quantity, and relative proportions of non-pathogenic and / or pathogenic microorganisms on the skin, particularly the scalp, depend on a variety of factors, including the host (including age, sex, and genetics), skin health (including the presence or absence of skin diseases, allergies, genetic predispositions / sensitivities, immune system strength, and hormone and / or medication use), environment (including climate, UV exposure, and / or pollution), and the host's physical activity, hygiene, beauty routines, stress, and chemical exposure. An imbalance, disruption, and / or alteration of the microbiome is called dysbiosis. Dysbiosis can lead to conditions such as acne, atopic dermatitis, dry skin, dandruff, and certain types of eczema.

[0009] In particular, hygiene and beauty practices can have adverse effects on the skin microbiome, particularly the scalp microbiome, such as by altering the diversity or absolute / relative abundance of the microbiome, changing the functional composition and metabolic activity of the microorganisms, shifting the balance in favor of pathogenic microorganisms, slowing recovery times, and increasing the risk of scalp reactions (including inflammation, acne, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, rosacea, and / or allergies), etc. Such effects depend on the products used, how often they are used, how they are used, etc.

[0010] Human hair can be treated in many different ways, including by washing, conditioning, grooming, dyeing, bleaching, straightening, and / or perming. Some of these treatments, particularly chemical hair treatments, can lead to temporary, semi-permanent, or permanent changes to the hair and / or skin, and can be too harsh, causing discomfort, irritation, or damage to the hair and / or skin. More generally, chemical hair treatments can adversely affect the scalp microbiome, for example, by altering pH and / or temperature.

[0011] For example, it is well known that the color of human hair can be permanently changed by applying hair dyes. Highly complex chemical processes are utilized to provide consumers with the desired hair color and color intensity. Permanent hair dye compositions typically consist of a developer (also called an oxidative hair dye precursor or primary intermediate) and a coupler (also called a color modifier or secondary intermediate). The developer is small enough to penetrate the hair shaft and, when activated by an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide, reacts with other dye compounds, e.g., couplers, to form larger colored complexes (chromophores) within the hair shaft. Couplers are typically colorless molecules small enough to penetrate the hair shaft that develop color in the presence of the activated developer. One or more developers can be used in combination with one or more couplers.

[0012] Hair dyes, especially semi-permanent and permanent dyes, often have a negative impact on the scalp microbiome because they use reactive oxidizing chemicals, usually at an alkaline pH. Hair dyes can make the scalp sensitive. During and / or after hair treatments, the scalp microbiome can become imbalanced, leading to dysbiosis. It may take several days for the scalp microbiome to begin to recover.

[0013] Various skin care / hair care solutions are known to reduce skin sensitization, especially scalp sensitization, induced by chemical hair treatments. For example, applying compositions containing anti-inflammatory agents and / or skin soothing agents such as panthenol, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, and allantoin (to soothe irritation caused by hair dyes); and / or pain receptor antagonists such as 4-t-butylcyclohexanol (to reduce stinging sensations) is known. However, these skin care / hair care solutions are usually not fully satisfactory because they cannot maintain a balanced scalp microbiome (prevention) and / or restore a balanced scalp microbiome (treatment). For example, compositions containing anti-inflammatory agents and / or skin soothing agents usually need to be applied repeatedly over a long period of time to penetrate the skin and produce the expected skin effects. However, such aqueous compositions applied after hair dyeing are usually insufficient to protect the skin from the dyes. Compositions containing pain receptor antagonists typically only have the potential to increase the user's pain tolerance and cause normally noxious sensations to be perceived as harmless.

[0014] Other strategies are known to maintain or (re)balance the skin microbiome, such as the use of prebiotic agents, such as α-glucan oligosaccharides or inulin; the use of probiotic agents, such as bifidobacteria or lactic acid bacteria; and / or the use of postbiotic agents, such as lactic acid bacteria fermentation products or bifidobacteria fermentation lysate. These agents can be used to regulate the skin microbiome when incorporated into appropriate cosmetic compositions. However, such compositions need to be applied multiple times over a long period of time.

[0015] Therefore, there is a need to provide a cosmetic composition that maintains the skin microbiome during and / or after chemical hair treatment or restores the skin microbiome after hair treatment, in particular that maintains the scalp microbiome during and / or after hair treatment or restores the scalp microbiome after hair dyeing.

[0016] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to use a cosmetic composition for maintaining the scalp microbiome during and / or after a chemical hair treatment, or for restoring the scalp microbiome after a chemical hair treatment; the cosmetic composition comprises at least two liquid oils, which are at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil; the at least two liquid oils are present in a total amount ranging from 40% to 95% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition; the at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil and the at least one fatty acid oil are present in a weight ratio ranging from 1:1 to 140:1; the composition comprises at least one solid fat and / or wax selected from the group consisting of non-volatile hydrocarbons, solid hydrocarbon esters, or mixtures thereof; and the at least one solid fat and / or wax is present in an amount ranging from 5% to 60% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0017] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for chemically treating hair and skin, in particular hair and scalp, comprising the steps of applying a cosmetic composition (e.g., to the skin and / or hair roots); chemically treating the hair; and rinsing the chemically treated hair. Summary of the Invention

[0018] The inventors have surprisingly found that applying the claimed cosmetic composition helps protect the scalp, particularly the scalp microbiome, from the harmful effects of chemical hair treatments. Overall, applying the claimed cosmetic composition helps protect the skin, particularly the skin microbiome, from the harmful effects of chemical hair treatments. In particular, applying the composition before chemical hair treatment, particularly before hair dyeing, helps to prevent or at least reduce the occurrence of dysbiosis, i.e., an unbalanced scalp microbiome, during and / or after chemical hair treatment, particularly hair dyeing. Thus, applying the composition before chemical hair treatment, particularly before hair dyeing, helps to maintain the scalp microbiome (i.e., a balanced scalp microbiome, also called eubiosis) during and / or after chemical hair treatment, or to restore the scalp microbiome (i.e., a balanced scalp microbiome, also called eubiosis) after chemical hair treatment. The same applies to alternative skin areas, particularly hairy skin areas, such as beard-bearded cheeks and hairy chests of men.The same also applies to alternative chemical hair treatments, such as hair bleaching, hair straightening, and hair perm.Therefore, the present composition is suitable for use as skin care (scalp care) and hair care compositions.Without being bound by any theory, it is believed that applying cosmetic compositions can protect skin microbiome and skin condition as a whole, and can help keep skin in a healthier state when subjected to treatments such as treatments with hair dye compositions.This may increase or at least maintain the absolute and / or relative abundance, especially the absolute abundance, of non-pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., Cutibacterium acnes, Cutibacterium granulosum, Staphylococcus capitis, Malassezia globosa) and microbial diversity on skin after chemical hair treatment, thereby preventing or at least reducing the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, preventing or at least reducing the decline in the biological functions that the skin microbiome contributes to maintaining skin homeostasis, and / or increasing the availability of nutrients for non-pathogenic microorganisms. However, it does not act as a prebiotic. Therefore, the recovery rate of non-pathogenic microorganisms may be increased.

[0019] Thus, in one aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a cosmetic composition for maintaining the scalp microbiome during and / or after a chemical hair treatment, or for restoring the scalp microbiome after a chemical hair treatment; the cosmetic composition comprises at least two liquid oils, which are at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil; the at least two liquid oils are present in a total amount ranging from 40% to 95% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition; the at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil and the at least one fatty acid oil are present in a weight ratio ranging from 1:1 to 140:1; the composition comprises at least one solid fat and / or wax selected from the group consisting of non-volatile hydrocarbons, solid hydrocarbon esters, or mixtures thereof; and the at least one solid fat and / or wax is present in an amount ranging from 5% to 60% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the scalp microbiome is restored within 5 days, preferably within 3 days, after the chemical hair treatment.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the chemical hair treatment is selected from the group consisting of hair dyeing, hair bleaching, hair straightening, and / or hair perming; preferably, the chemical hair treatment is hair dyeing; more preferably, the chemical hair treatment is oxidative hair dyeing.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the at least two liquid oils (at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil) are present in a total amount ranging from 60% to 80% by weight, preferably from 65% to 75% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one solid fat and / or wax (selected from the group consisting of non-volatile hydrocarbons, solid hydrocarbon esters, or mixtures thereof) is present in an amount ranging from 20% to 40% by weight, preferably from 25% to 35% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one liquid fatty acid oil is selected from the group consisting of pure fatty acids, pure fatty acid esters, fatty acid blends, or mixtures thereof. The liquid fatty acid oil may be selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, sapienic acid, oleic acid, eicosenoic acid, linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid, γ-linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, stearidonic acid, ecosadienoic acid, hydroxybenzo ... acid), docosadienoic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, caprylic / capric triglyceride, isostearyl isostearate, isononyl isononanoate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, cetearyl ethylhexanoate, almond oil, argan oil, apricot kernel oil, avocado oil, baobab oil, borage oil, borage seed oil, buckthorn oil, broccoli seed oil, buriti oil, blackberry seed oil, camellia seed oil, cranberry seed oil, candlenut oil, calendula oil, flaxseed oil, canola oil, castor oil, chia seed oil, carrot seed oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, evening primrose oil, linseed oil, grape seed oil, hemp oil, hazelnut oil, jojoba seed oil, kaya oil, linseed oil, macadamia nut oil, macadamia seed oil, moringa seed oil, meadowfoam oil, marula oil, mink oil, mustard oil, moringa oil, neem oil, olive oil, oat seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, persic oil, pomegranate seed oil, peanut oil, peppermint oil, peach kernel oil, papaya seed oil, pecan nut oil, perilla oil, pistachio oil, poppy seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, rapeseed oil, rosehip seed oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, camellia oil, Sancha Inchi oil, sesame seed oil, sweet almond oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, tea seed oil, tomato seed oil, camellia oil, turtle oil, walnut oil, wheat germ oil, egg yolk oil, or mixtures thereof;Preferably, the liquid fatty acid oil is selected from the group consisting of almond oil, argan oil, apricot kernel oil, avocado oil, baobab oil, borage oil, borage seed oil, buckthorn oil, broccoli seed oil, buriti oil, blackberry seed oil, camellia seed oil, cranberry seed oil, candlenut oil, calendula oil, flaxseed oil, canola oil, castor oil, chia seed oil, carrot seed oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, evening primrose oil, linseed oil, grape seed oil, hemp oil, hazelnut oil, jojoba seed oil, kaya oil, linseed oil, macadamia nut oil, macadamia seed oil, moringa seed oil, meadowfoam oil, marula oil, mink oil, mustard oil, moringa oil, neem oil, olive oil, oat seed oil, and kabocha. More preferably, the liquid fatty acid oil is selected from the group consisting of marula oil, argan oil, jojoba seed oil, sweet almond oil, baobab oil, and macadamia nut oil; and even more preferably, the liquid fatty acid oil is marula oil.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil is selected from the group consisting of liquid paraffin, mineral oil, white paraffin oil, liquid paraffin, isoparaffin, isododecane, isohexadecane, polybutene, squalane, tetradecane, dodecane, docosane, isoeicosane, hydrogenated polyisobutene, hydrogenated polydecene, hydrogenated didecene, C8-9 alkane, C9-12 alkane, C10-11 alkane, C11-12 alkane, C11-14 alkane / cycloalkane, C14-22 alkane, C12-17 alkane, C13-15 alkane, C15-19 alkane, C18-21 alkane, C21-28 alkane, squalene, octadecene, hexadecene, or mixtures thereof; preferably selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, isododecane, or mixtures thereof.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil and the at least one liquid fatty acid oil are present in a weight ratio in the range of from 1:1 to 140:1, preferably from 30:1 to 110:1, more preferably from 60:1 to 80:1.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one solid fat and / or wax is selected from the group consisting of solid paraffin, petrolatum, ozokerite, pristane, ceresin, petrolatum, microcrystalline wax, or mixtures thereof; preferably, the at least one solid fat and / or wax is petrolatum.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic composition comprises at least one anti-inflammatory agent, at least one antioxidant, at least one thickener and / or rheology modifier, at least one fragrance, or a mixture thereof.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic composition is substantially non-aqueous.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic composition has a viscosity at 25°C in the range of 10 mPa.s or more and 140 mPa.s or less, preferably in the range of 20 mPa.s or more and 120 mPa.s or less, and more preferably in the range of 40 mPa.s or more and 100 mPa.s or less.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic composition is a leave-on composition.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the composition is applied before chemically treating the hair (e.g., dyeing the hair), preferably within 24 hours before chemically treating the hair, more preferably within 6 hours before chemically treating the hair, even more preferably within 1 hour before chemically treating the hair, and even more preferably within 15 minutes before chemically treating the hair.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a method of chemically treating hair and skin, comprising the steps of applying a cosmetic composition described herein; chemically treating the hair; and rinsing the chemically treated hair. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] Before the present compositions and formulations are described, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to the particular compositions and formulations described, as such compositions and formulations may, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terms used herein are not intended to be limiting, since the scope of the present invention will be limited only by the appended claims.

[0035] Hereinafter, when a group is defined to include at least a certain number of embodiments, this preferably also means that the group consists only of those embodiments. Furthermore, in this specification and claims, terms such as "first," "second," "third," or "a," "b," "c," etc. are used to distinguish between similar elements and not necessarily to describe an order or chronological order. It is to be understood that these terms are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, and that the embodiments of the invention described herein may operate in orders other than those described or illustrated herein. When terms such as "first," "second," "third," or "(A)," "(B)," and "(C)," or "(a)," "(b)," "(c)," "(d)," "i," "ii," etc., relate to steps in a method, use, or assay, there is no consistency in the time or time interval between the steps, i.e., unless otherwise specified herein above or in the applications described below, steps may be performed simultaneously or there may be time intervals of seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, or years between such steps.

[0036] Furthermore, ranges defined throughout this specification are inclusive of the endpoints, i.e., a range from 1 to 10 implicitly includes both 1 and 10. For the avoidance of doubt, applicants acknowledge that they have equivalent rights pursuant to applicable law.

[0037] In the following sections, various aspects of the present invention are defined in more detail. Each aspect so defined may be combined with any other aspect(s) unless expressly indicated to the contrary. In particular, any feature indicated as being preferred or advantageous may be combined with any other feature(s) indicated as being preferred or advantageous.

[0038] References throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, but may. Furthermore, as used below, the terms "preferably," "more preferably," "even more preferably," "most preferably," and "particularly," or similar terms, may be used in combination with any feature and do not limit alternative possibilities. Therefore, features introduced by these terms are optional features and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims in any way.

[0039] Furthermore, particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from this disclosure. Furthermore, although some embodiments described herein include some features and not others included in other embodiments, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to form different embodiments within the scope of the presently claimed invention. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

[0040] Furthermore, it should be noted that terms such as "at least one," "one or more," or similar expressions indicating that a feature or element may be present more than one time are typically used only once when introducing each feature or element. In most cases below, when referring to each feature or element, the expressions "at least one" or "one or more" will not be repeated, regardless of the fact that each feature or element may be present more than one time.

[0041] As used herein, the term "hair" may be "living," i.e., on a living body, or "non-living," i.e., present in a wig, hairpiece, or other collection of non-living keratinous fibers. Mammalian, preferably human, hair is preferred. However, wool, fur, and other keratinous fibers (keratin-containing fibers) are suitable substrates for the compositions of the present invention.

[0042] "Cosmetic composition" means a composition for topical application to the skin, hair, and / or scalp of a mammal, preferably a human.

[0043] By "hair care (scalp care) composition" is meant a composition for topical application to the hair and / or scalp (scalp) of a mammal, preferably a human.

[0044] "Microbiome" refers to the microbial flora, such as bacteria, yeast, viruses, and fungi, present in a given environment. "Skin microbiome" (or "skin flora") refers to the microbial flora, such as bacteria, yeast, viruses, and fungi, present on the skin. "Scalp microbiome" (or "scalp flora") refers to the microbial flora, such as bacteria, yeast, viruses, and fungi, present on the scalp.

[0045] "Liquid oil" means a lipophilic substance that is liquid (non-solid or pasty) at room temperature (25°C) and atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg), has a logP value (the natural logarithm of the octanol-water partition coefficient) greater than 0, more preferably greater than 3, and is not an emulsifier or surfactant. Liquid oils may be volatile or non-volatile, preferably non-volatile. Currently, the terms "oil" and "lipophilic substance" are used interchangeably. Liquid oils include liquid fatty acid oils and liquid hydrocarbon oils.

[0046] "Solid fats and / or waxes" refers to fats and / or waxes that are lipophilic substances in a solid state at room temperature (25°C) and atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg), have a logP value (the natural logarithm of the octanol-water partition coefficient) greater than 0, more preferably greater than 3, are preferably not emulsifiers or surfactants, and have a melting point that may start below 25°C. Solid fats and / or waxes include non-volatile hydrocarbons and solid hydrocarbon esters.

[0047] "Pure fatty acid" means a pure fatty acid (molecule), which may be of synthetic origin or of natural origin after purification.

[0048] By "fatty acid blend" is meant a mixture of at least two fatty acids (and / or their derivatives, such as fatty acid esters) of natural origin, especially plant origin.

[0049] By "substantially free" is meant a composition that contains no more than 0.1% by weight of the compound, preferably no more than 0.01% by weight, and more preferably about 0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, all percentages are by weight of the composition of the present invention, i.e., the ready-to-use composition, which is the composition that is applied to the hair, and unless otherwise specified, ratios are by weight.

[0051] In one aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a cosmetic composition for maintaining the scalp microbiome during and / or after a chemical hair treatment, or for restoring the scalp microbiome after a chemical hair treatment; the cosmetic composition comprises at least two liquid oils, which are at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil; the at least two liquid oils are present in a total amount ranging from 40% to 95% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition; the at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil and the at least one fatty acid oil are present in a weight ratio ranging from 1:1 to 140:1; the composition comprises at least one solid fat and / or wax selected from the group consisting of non-volatile hydrocarbons, solid hydrocarbon esters, or mixtures thereof; and the at least one non-volatile hydrocarbon and / or solid hydrocarbon ester is present in an amount ranging from 5% to 60% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. Thus, the cosmetic composition comprises at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil, present in a total amount ranging from 40% to 95% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, and at least one solid fat and / or wax, present in an amount ranging from 5% to 60% by weight. A method for maintaining the scalp microbiome during and / or after chemical hair treatment, or for restoring the scalp microbiome after chemical hair treatment, is also disclosed, comprising the step of applying the cosmetic composition described herein to hair and scalp. The inventors have found that when at least two liquid oils (at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil) and at least one solid fat and / or wax (selected from the group consisting of non-volatile hydrocarbons, solid hydrocarbon esters, or mixtures thereof) are present in a cosmetic composition in a predetermined ratio, the scalp microbiome can be more quickly restored after chemical hair treatment.

[0052] "Maintaining the scalp microbiome" refers to the process of maintaining a balanced microbial flora, including bacteria, yeast, viruses, and fungi, on the scalp. This maintenance aims to maintain the scalp microbiome in a state where the microbiome does not change significantly before and after intervention. Indicators for determining scalp microbiome maintenance include assessing microbial diversity and abundance using indices such as the Shannon Diversity Index and the Simpson Diversity Index. Additionally, the absolute and relative abundance of specific beneficial microorganisms, such as Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus capitis, are monitored using techniques such as DNA extraction and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Comparing these microbial indicators before and after treatment allows for quantification of the maintenance effect, thereby ensuring that the scalp microbiome is in a state of eubiosis, characterized by a healthy and diverse microbiome, undisturbed by the intervention.

[0053] "Scalp microbiome restoration" refers to the process of reestablishing a balanced microbiome, including bacteria, yeast, viruses, and fungi, on the scalp after disruption or imbalance has been caused by factors such as chemical hair treatments. This restoration aims to restore the scalp microbiome to a state in which non-pathogenic, beneficial microorganisms predominate and pathogenic or harmful microorganisms are minimized. Indicators for determining scalp microbiome restoration include assessing microbial diversity and abundance using indices such as the Shannon Diversity Index and the Simpson Diversity Index. Additionally, the absolute and relative abundance of specific beneficial microorganisms, such as Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus capitis, are monitored using techniques such as DNA extraction and quantitative PCR (qPCR). The effectiveness of restoration can be quantified by comparing these microbial indices before and after treatment, ensuring that the scalp microbiome returns to a state of eubiosis characterized by a healthy and diverse microbiome. The expressions "restoring the scalp microbiome," "balancing the scalp microbiome," and "restoring a balanced scalp microbiome" can be used interchangeably.

[0054] Use of a cosmetic composition for preventing or alleviating the appearance of an imbalanced scalp microbiome (dysbiosis) during and / or after chemical hair treatment is also disclosed. A method for preventing or alleviating the appearance of an imbalanced scalp microbiome (dysbiosis) during and / or after chemical hair treatment, comprising the step of applying a cosmetic composition to the hair and scalp, is also disclosed. The inventors have discovered that when at least two liquid oils (at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil) and at least one solid fat and / or wax (at least one non-volatile hydrocarbon and / or solid hydrocarbon ester) are present in a cosmetic composition in a predetermined ratio, the appearance of an imbalanced scalp microbiome (dysbiosis) during and / or after chemical hair treatment can be prevented or alleviated.

[0055] Also disclosed is the use of a cosmetic composition for maintaining or increasing the absolute and / or relative abundance of non-pathogenic microorganisms during and / or after a chemical hair treatment, preferably for maintaining or increasing the absolute and / or relative abundance of Cutibacterium acnes, Cutibacterium granulosum, Staphylococcus capitis, and / or Malassezia globosa during and / or after a chemical hair treatment. Also disclosed is a method for maintaining or increasing the absolute and / or relative abundance of non-pathogenic microorganisms during and / or after a chemical hair treatment, comprising the step of applying the cosmetic composition to the hair and scalp. The present inventors have found that when at least two liquid oils (at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil) and at least one solid fat and / or wax (at least one non-volatile hydrocarbon and / or solid hydrocarbon ester) are present in a cosmetic composition in a predetermined ratio, the absolute and / or relative abundance of non-pathogenic microorganisms can be maintained or increased during and / or after chemical hair treatment.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the scalp microbiome (a balanced scalp microbiome) is restored within 5 days, preferably within 3 days, after the chemical hair treatment.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the chemical hair treatment is selected from the group consisting of hair dyeing, hair bleaching, hair straightening, and / or hair perming; preferably, the chemical hair treatment is hair dyeing; even more preferably, the chemical hair treatment is oxidative hair dyeing. Hair dyeing, hair bleaching, hair straightening, and / or hair perming can be performed using conventional treatment methods and products.

[0058] Hair dyeing refers to the process of changing the color of hair using chemicals or natural substances. The process involves applying dyes or pigments to the hair to achieve the desired color effect. Hair dyeing can be classified into three levels based on the durability of the color and the depth of the color change: Level 1 (temporary), Level 2 (semi-permanent), and Level 3 (oxidative).

[0059] Level 1 hair dye, also known as temporary hair dye, involves applying a pigment that coats only the outer layer of the hair shaft without penetrating the cortex. These dyes are typically formulated to last until the next shampoo. The mechanism involves the dye adhering to the hair cuticle, resulting in an immediate, but non-persistent, color change. The color effect can last from one to several washes, depending on the formulation and hair porosity. Temporary hair dyes are often used for special occasions, experimental color changes, or short-term fashion philosophies. Products can include sprays, gels, and rinses.

[0060] Level 2 hair dyeing, also known as semi-permanent hair dyeing, involves using dyes that partially penetrate the hair shaft, resulting in a longer-lasting color change compared to temporary dyes. These dyes typically do not contain ammonia or peroxide. Their mechanism involves dye molecules penetrating the cuticle and reaching the outer cortex layer, providing a more long-lasting color that gradually fades over time. The color effect typically lasts for 4 to 12 washes, depending on hair condition, dye formulation, and washing frequency. Semi-permanent hair dyes are suitable for those seeking a moderate color change, gray coverage, or natural color enhancement. These dyes are generally available in cream, foam, and liquid forms.

[0061] Level 3 hair dyeing, also known as oxidative hair dyeing, involves the use of oxidative dyes, which chemically alter the hair's natural pigment. This process requires a developer, usually hydrogen peroxide, to open the hair cuticle and allow the dye to penetrate deep into the cortex. The mechanism involves dye molecules penetrating the cortex and undergoing a chemical reaction to form larger, permanent pigment molecules, which are trapped within the hair structure. The color effect is long-lasting and fade-resistant, but may fade slightly over time due to environmental factors and hair growth. Oxidative hair dyeing is ideal for those seeking long-term color change, complete gray coverage, or a significant color change. Permanent hair dyes are available in a variety of formulations, including creams, gels, and liquids.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the at least two liquid oils, at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil, are present in a total amount ranging from 60% to 80% by weight, preferably from 65% to 75% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one non-volatile hydrocarbon and solid hydrocarbon ester is present in an amount ranging from 20% to 40% by weight, preferably from 25% to 35% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the at least two liquid oils (at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil) and the at least one solid fat and / or wax (selected from the group consisting of non-volatile hydrocarbons, solid hydrocarbon esters, or mixtures thereof) may be present in a weight ratio ranging from 0.67:1 to 19:1, preferably from 0.7:1 to 9:1, more preferably from 1:1 to 6:1, and even more preferably from 2:1 to 4:1.

[0065] The at least one liquid fatty acid oil may be selected from the group consisting of pure fatty acids (i.e., 100% by weight based on the total weight of the fatty acid oil), pure fatty acid esters (i.e., 100% by weight based on the total weight of the fatty acid oil), or fatty acid blends (i.e., naturally occurring fatty acid oils containing at least two fatty acids and / or their derivatives such as fatty acid esters), or mixtures thereof.

[0066] The pure fatty acid may be selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, sapienic acid, oleic acid, eicosenoic acid, linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid, γ-linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, stearidonic acid, ecosadienoic acid, docosadienoic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, or mixtures thereof.

[0067] The pure fatty acid ester may be selected from the group consisting of caprylic / capric triglyceride, isostearyl isostearate, isononyl isononanoate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, cetearyl ethylhexanoate, or mixtures thereof; preferably, the fatty acid ester is caprylic / capric triglyceride.

[0068] The fatty acid blend may comprise at least two fatty acids and / or fatty acid esters; preferably, at least two fatty acids and / or fatty acid esters present in an amount ranging from 50% to 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the fatty acid oil; more preferably, at least two fatty acids and / or fatty acid esters present in an amount ranging from 60% to 100% by weight; and even more preferably, at least two fatty acids and / or fatty acid esters present in an amount ranging from 80% to 100% by weight. The fatty acid blend may be selected from natural liquid fatty acid oils; preferably, almond oil, argan oil, apricot kernel oil, avocado oil, baobab oil, borage oil, borage seed oil, buckthorn oil, broccoli seed oil, buriti oil, blackberry seed oil, camellia seed oil, cranberry seed oil, candlenut oil, calendula oil, flaxseed oil, canola oil, castor oil, chia seed oil, carrot seed oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, evening primrose oil, linseed oil, grapeseed oil, hemp oil, hazelnut oil, jojoba seed oil, kaya oil, linseed oil, macadamia nut oil, wasabi The oil may be selected from the group consisting of oak seed oil, meadowfoam oil, marula oil, mink oil, mustard oil, moringa oil, neem oil, olive oil, oat seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, persic oil, pomegranate seed oil, peanut oil, peppermint oil, peach kernel oil, papaya seed oil, pecan nut oil, perilla oil, pistachio oil, poppy seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, rapeseed oil, rosehip seed oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, camellia oil, sancha inchi oil, sesame seed oil, sweet almond oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, tea seed oil, tomato seed oil, camellia oil, turtle oil, walnut oil, wheat germ oil, egg yolk oil, or mixtures thereof.

[0069] Marula oil contains oleic acid present in the range of 70% to 78% by weight, linoleic acid present in the range of 4% to 7% by weight, palmitic acid present in the range of 9% to 12% by weight, stearic acid present in the range of 5% to 8% by weight, and palmitoleic acid present in the range of 0.7% to 1.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the marula oil.

[0070] Argan oil contains oleic acid present in the range of 42 to 48% by weight, linoleic acid present in the range of 30 to 36% by weight, palmitic acid present in the range of 10 to 15% by weight, and stearic acid present in small amounts, i.e., less than 15% by weight, based on the total weight of marula oil.

[0071] Jojoba oil contains eicosanoic acid in an amount of 70% to 80% by weight, oleic acid in an amount of 10% to 15% by weight, and erucic acid in an amount of 10% to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of jojoba oil.

[0072] Sweet almond oil contains oleic acid present in an amount ranging from 62 to 86% by weight, linoleic acid present in an amount ranging from 20 to 30% by weight, and palmitic acid present in a small amount, i.e., in an amount ranging from 5% to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the sweet almond oil.

[0073] Macadamia nut oil contains oleic acid in an amount of 55% to 67% by weight, palmitoleic acid in an amount of 16% to 23% by weight, and linoleic acid in an amount of 1% to 3% by weight, based on the total weight of the macadamia nut oil.

[0074] Baobab oil contains oleic acid present in the range of 30% to 40% by weight, linoleic acid present in the range of 24% to 34% by weight, and palmitic acid present in the range of 18% to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the baobab oil.

[0075] Thus, liquid fatty acid oils (including pure fatty acids, pure fatty acid esters and / or fatty acid blends) contain caprylic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, sapienic acid, oleic acid, eicosenoic acid, linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid, γ-linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, stearidonic acid, ecosadienoic acid, acid), docosadienoic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, caprylic / capric triglyceride, isostearyl isostearate, isononyl isononanoate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, cetearyl ethylhexanoate, almond oil, argan oil, apricot kernel oil, avocado oil, baobab oil, borage oil, borage seed oil, buckthorn oil, broccoli seed oil, buriti oil, blackberry seed oil, camellia seed oil, cranberry seed oil, candlenut oil, calendula oil, flaxseed oil, canola oil, castor oil, chia seed oil, carrot seed oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, evening primrose oil, linseed oil, grape seed oil, hemp oil, hazelnut oil, jojoba seed oil, kaya oil, linseed oil, macadamia nut oil, macadamia seed oil, moringa seed oil, meadowfoam oil, marula oil, mink oil, mustard oil, moringa oil, neem oil, olive oil, oat seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, persic oil, pomegranate seed oil, peanut oil, peppermint oil, peach kernel oil, papaya seed oil, pecan nut oil, perilla oil, pistachio oil, poppy seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, rapeseed oil, rosehip seed oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, camellia oil, Sancha Inchi oil, sesame seed oil, sweet almond oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, tea seed oil, tomato seed oil, camellia oil, turtle oil, walnut oil, wheat germ oil, egg yolk oil, or mixtures thereof;Preferably, almond oil, argan oil, apricot kernel oil, avocado oil, baobab oil, borage oil, borage seed oil, buckthorn oil, broccoli seed oil, buriti oil, blackberry seed oil, camellia seed oil, cranberry seed oil, candlenut oil, calendula oil, flaxseed oil, canola oil, castor oil, chia seed oil, carrot seed oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, evening primrose oil, linseed oil, grape seed oil, hemp oil, hazelnut oil, jojoba seed oil, kaya oil, linseed oil, macadamia nut oil, macadamia seed oil, moringa seed oil, marula oil, mink oil, mustard oil, moringa oil, neem oil, olive oil, oat seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, parsley oil, The liquid fatty acid oil may be selected from the group consisting of corn oil, pomegranate seed oil, peanut oil, peppermint oil, peach kernel oil, papaya seed oil, pecan nut oil, perilla oil, pistachio oil, poppy seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, rapeseed oil, rosehip seed oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, camellia oil, Sancha Inchi oil, sesame seed oil, sweet almond oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, tea seed oil, tomato seed oil, camellia oil, turtle oil, walnut oil, wheat germ oil, egg yolk oil, or a mixture thereof; more preferably, it may be selected from the group consisting of marula oil, argan oil, jojoba seed oil, sweet almond oil, baobab oil, macadamia nut oil, or a mixture thereof; and even more preferably, the liquid fatty acid oil is marula oil.

[0076] Liquid hydrocarbon oils are defined as fluid substances composed primarily of hydrocarbons (organic compounds consisting only of hydrogen and carbon atoms). These oils are typically obtained from petroleum or synthesized by various chemical processes. They are characterized by their liquid, free-flowing nature at ambient temperature and pressure. Their composition varies widely and can include a variety of molecular weights and structures, including alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and mixtures thereof.

[0077] The liquid hydrocarbon oil may be selected from the group consisting of liquid paraffin, mineral oil, white paraffin oil, liquid paraffin, isoparaffin, isododecane, isohexadecane, polybutene, squalane, tetradecane, dodecane, docosane, isoeicosane, hydrogenated polyisobutene, hydrogenated polydecene, hydrogenated didecene, C8-9 alkane, C9-12 alkane, C10-11 alkane, C11-12 alkane, C11-14 alkane / cycloalkane, C14-22 alkane, C12-17 alkane, C13-15 alkane, C15-19 alkane, C18-21 alkane, C21-28 alkane, squalene, octadecene, hexadecene, or a mixture thereof; preferably, it may be selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, isododecane, or a mixture thereof.

[0078] Mineral oil is defined as a clear, colorless, odorless oil obtained from the distillation of petroleum. It is composed of a mixture of alkanes and cyclic paraffins and is known for its high purity and stability. Mineral oil is widely used in cosmetic formulations due to its moisturizing and emollient properties, forming a protective barrier on the skin to prevent moisture loss.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid fatty acid oil is marula oil and the liquid hydrocarbon oil is mineral oil.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil and the at least one liquid fatty acid oil are present in the cosmetic composition in a weight ratio ranging from 1:1 to 140:1, preferably from 30:1 to 110:1, and more preferably from 60:1 to 80:1.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one solid fat and / or wax (selected from the group consisting of non-volatile hydrocarbons, solid hydrocarbon esters, or mixtures thereof) is selected from the group consisting of solid paraffin, petrolatum, ozokerite, pristane, ceresin, petrolatum, microcrystalline wax, or mixtures thereof; preferably, the non-volatile hydrocarbon and solid hydrocarbon ester is petrolatum.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic composition is substantially free of alternative solid fats and / or waxes (i.e., different from the group consisting of non-volatile hydrocarbons, solid hydrocarbon esters, or mixtures thereof). The cosmetic composition may be substantially free of cocoa fat, coconut oil, horse fat, hardened coconut fat, palm oil, beef tallow, mutton tallow, hardened beef tallow, palm kernel oil, lard, beef bone fat, wood wax kernel oil, hardened castor oil; lanolin, kapok wax, lanolin acetate, isopropyl lanolinate, reduced lanolin, hard lanolin, POE lanolin alcohol ether, POE lanolin alcohol acetate, POE cholesterol ether, polyethylene glycol lanolinate, POE hydrogenated lanolin alcohol ether, phospholipids (such as lecithin, ceramide, or a mixture thereof), beeswax, apple wax, candelilla wax, cotton wax, carnauba wax, bayberry wax, insect wax, spermaceti, montan wax, rice bran wax, cane wax, jojoba wax, shellac wax, or a mixture thereof.

[0083] Petrolatum is defined as a semi-solid hydrocarbon mixture composed primarily of saturated hydrocarbons derived from petroleum. It is also known as petrolatum. It exhibits properties of both a solid fat and a wax, has a smooth, thick consistency, is solid at room temperature, but melts when applied to the skin. Its composition includes a wide range of hydrocarbons with various chain lengths, primarily ranging from C16 to C32.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, the composition further comprises at least one anti-inflammatory agent, such as a steroidal anti-inflammatory substance of the corticosteroid type (such as hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, dexamethasone phosphate, methylprednisolone, or cortisone), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory substance (such as oxicams, salicylates, acetic acid derivatives, fenamates, propionic acid derivatives, anthranilic acid derivatives, or avenaramide), a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory mixture or substance that relieves itching and redness (such as chamomile, aloe vera, Commiphora, Rubia, willow, willow herb, oats, calendula, arnica, St. John's wort, honeysuckle, rosemary, Passiflora incarnata, or the like). incarnata), witch hazel, ginger, or echinacea), or mixtures thereof; preferably, extracts or fractions from chamomile, aloe vera, oat, calendula, arnica, honeysuckle, rosemary, witch hazel, ginger, or echinacea, and / or α-bisabolol, apigenin, apigenin-7-glucoside, gingerol, shogaol, gingerdiol, dehydrogingerdione, paradol, naturally occurring Alternatively, the anti-inflammatory agent may be selected from the group consisting of naturally occurring avenanthramides (e.g., tranilast, avenanthramide A, avenanthramide B, avenanthramide C, unnatural), unnatural avenanthramides (dihydroavenanthramide D, dihydroavenanthramide E, avenanthramide D, avenanthramide E, avenanthramide F, etc.), boswellic acid, plant sterols, glycyrrhizin, glabridin, and licochalcone A, or pure substances thereof; most preferably, the anti-inflammatory agent is bisabolol. The at least one anti-inflammatory agent may be present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 1.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment, the composition further comprises at least one antioxidant (antioxidant). The antioxidant may be selected from the group consisting of water-soluble antioxidants (such as vitamin C, glutathione, polyphenols including epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) or its derivatives), fat-soluble antioxidants (such as vitamin A, beta-carotene, ubiquinone, tocopherol, tocopherol acetate), and mixtures thereof; preferably, the antioxidant may be selected from the group consisting of fat-soluble antioxidants; more preferably, the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, or mixtures thereof. The at least one antioxidant may be present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 1.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, the composition further comprises at least one thickener and / or rheology modifier. The thickener and / or rheology modifier can be a synthetic thickener and / or rheology modifier, a natural thickener and / or rheology modifier, or a mixture thereof. The thickener and / or rheology modifier can be xanthan gum, tara gum, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum, scleroglucan, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, hydroxybutylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxyethylethylcellulose, cetylhydroxyethylcellulose, N-vinylpyrrolidone, acrylates / ceteth-20 itaconic acid copolymer, hydroxypropyl starch phosphate, polyethoxylated urethane, or polycarbamyl polyglycol ester (e.g., PEG-150 / decyl / SMDI copolymer). The at least one thickener and / or rheology modifier may be selected from the group consisting of nonionic amphiphilic polymers containing at least one hydrophilic unit selected from at least one fatty chain and polyether urethanes containing at least one fatty chain, such as acrylate copolymers, PEG-150 / stearyl / SMDI copolymers, and trihydroxystearin, acrylate copolymers or hydrophobically modified acrylate copolymers (such as acrylate / steareth-20 methacrylate copolymers), acrylate / steareth-20 methacrylate crosspolymers, acrylate / vinyl neodecanoate crosspolymers, acrylate / beheneth-25 methacrylate copolymers, and acrylate / Clue-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymers. The at least one thickener and / or rheology modifier may be present in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 10% by weight, and more preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the composition further comprises at least one fragrance. Any suitable fragrance can be used, such as an acyclic sesquiterpene, preferably farnesol.

[0088] In preferred embodiments, the composition is substantially free of at least one of the following agents: fatty alcohols, surfactants (including nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and / or amphoteric surfactants), cationic polymers, reducing agents, alkalizing agents (alkalinizing agents), colorants (including direct dyes, pigments, and / or oxidative dye precursors), and / or preservatives.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment, the composition is a substantially non-aqueous composition, ie, substantially free of water and / or any aqueous compounds.

[0090] In a preferred embodiment, the composition has a viscosity at 25° C. in the range of 10 mPa s to 140 mPa s, preferably 20 mPa s to 120 mPa s, more preferably 40 mPa s to 100 mPa s. The viscosity is determined as follows: using a suitable viscometer and spindle system (e.g., a Haake rotational viscometer VT550 with an NV spindle), fill a sample cup with an appropriate amount of sample; hold the sample at 25° C. for an appropriate time (e.g., 10 minutes) to reach equilibrium temperature; set the shear rate to 270.5 / sec, start the instrument, and take a measurement 30 seconds later; and determine the final viscosity by averaging at least three measurements.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment, the composition can be packaged and dispensed in any suitable manner. For example, the composition can be packaged in a bottle. The composition can be dispensed as a spray using a pump, as an aerosol using a propellant, etc.

[0092] The cosmetic composition is a topical composition. In one embodiment, the composition is a rinse-off composition. "Rinse-off" refers to a composition that is applied to the hair and then rinsed off, especially before chemical treatment of the hair. In an alternative embodiment, the composition is a leave-on composition. "Leave-on" refers to a composition that is applied to the hair and then not rinsed off, especially before chemical treatment of the hair. The composition is preferably a leave-on composition.

[0093] Leave-on hair compositions refer to formulations designed to be applied to the hair and / or scalp without the need for rinsing after application. These compositions are intended to remain on the hair to provide various benefits, such as conditioning, styling, protection, and treatment.

[0094] Leave-on compositions for hair can be selected from the group consisting of conditioners, styling agents, heat protectors, and treatment agents, each of which has a different purpose and provides various benefits to the hair and scalp.

[0095] Conditioners are leave-on products designed to moisturize, detangle, and smooth hair without the need for rinsing. They help maintain hair health, improve manageability, and enhance the overall appearance of hair. Common forms of leave-on conditioners include leave-in sprays, creams, and serums that are applied to wet or dry hair.

[0096] Styling products include a variety of formulations, such as gels, mousses, sprays, and creams, that are used to shape, hold, and style hair. These products are applied to wet or dry hair and left on to achieve the desired styling effect. They provide hold, volume, texture, and manageability, allowing for creative and controlled hair styling.

[0097] Heat protectors are leave-on compositions designed to protect hair from damage caused by heat styling tools such as blow dryers, curling irons, and curling wands. These products form a protective barrier on the surface of the hair, preventing moisture loss, breakage, and other heat damage. Heat protectors often come in the form of sprays, creams, or serums and are applied before heat styling.

[0098] Treatment products are specialized leave-on formulations intended to address specific hair or scalp problems, such as dandruff, thinning hair, or scalp irritation. These products contain active ingredients, such as antifungals, anti-inflammatory agents, or growth promoters, that can treat and improve the condition of the hair and scalp. Treatment products can be in the form of serums, oils, or medicated sprays that are applied directly to the scalp or hair.

[0099] In a preferred embodiment, the composition is applied to the hair before chemically treating the hair, preferably within 24 hours before chemically treating the hair, more preferably within 6 hours before chemically treating the hair, even more preferably within 1 hour before chemically treating the hair, and even more preferably within 15 minutes before chemically treating the hair.

[0100] In another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for chemically treating hair, comprising the steps of: applying the cosmetic composition defined above onto the hair; chemically treating the hair; and rinsing the chemically treated hair.

[0101] Hair can be chemically treated using conventional methods, especially methods that can result in temporary, semi-permanent, or permanent hair changes. Therefore, such harsh treatments can cause discomfort, irritation, or even damage to the hair and / or skin. The step of chemically treating hair can be selected from the group consisting of hair dyeing, hair bleaching, hair straightening, and / or hair perming.

[0102] advantage The present invention provides one or more of the following advantages: - Protecting the skin, especially the skin microbiome, from the harmful effects of chemical hair treatments; - Protecting the scalp, especially the scalp microbiome, from the harmful effects of hair dyeing; - preventing or at least reducing scalp sensitivity induced by chemical hair treatments, especially hair dyeing; - Preventing or at least reducing the appearance of an imbalanced scalp microbiome (dysbiosis) during and / or after chemical hair treatment, especially hair dyeing; - Maintaining a balanced scalp microbiome during and / or after chemical hair treatments, especially hair dyeing; - To restore the scalp microbiome after chemical hair treatments, especially after hair dyeing (balanced scalp microbiome); - to provide skin care (scalp care) and hair care compositions for caring for the scalp and hair before treatment, in particular before dyeing; - Increasing or at least maintaining the absolute and / or relative abundance and diversity of non-pathogenic microorganisms; and - increasing the recovery rate of non-pathogenic microorganisms, preferably Cutibacterium acnes, Cutibacterium granulosum, Staphylococcus capitis, and / or Malassezia globosa.

[0103] Embodiment Embodiment 1 - Use of a cosmetic composition for restoring the scalp microbiome after hair treatment, wherein the cosmetic composition comprises at least one liquid oil present in an amount ranging from 40% to 95% by weight, and at least one solid fat and / or wax present in an amount ranging from 5% to 60% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0104] Embodiment 2 - Use of the cosmetic composition according to embodiment 1, wherein the scalp microbiome is restored within 5 days, preferably within 3 days, after hair treatment.

[0105] Embodiment 3 - Use of the cosmetic composition according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the hair treatment is selected from the group consisting of hair washing, hair conditioning, hair grooming, hair dyeing, hair bleaching, hair straightening, and / or hair perming; preferably, the hair treatment is hair dyeing; more preferably, the hair treatment is oxidative hair dyeing.

[0106] Embodiment 4 - Use of a cosmetic composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the at least one liquid oil is present in an amount ranging from 60% to 80% by weight, preferably from 65% to 75% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0107] Embodiment 5 - Use of a cosmetic composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the at least one fat and / or wax is present in an amount ranging from 20% to 40% by weight, preferably from 25% to 35% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0108] Embodiment 6 - The at least one liquid oil is a natural liquid oil (almond oil, argan oil, apricot kernel oil, avocado oil, baobab oil, borage oil, borage seed oil, buckthorn oil, broccoli seed oil, buriti oil, blackberry seed oil, camellia seed oil, cranberry seed oil, candlenut oil, calendula oil, flaxseed oil, canola oil, castor oil, chia seed oil, carrot seed oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, evening primrose oil, linseed ... Seed oil, grape seed oil, hemp oil, hazelnut oil, jojoba seed oil, kaya oil, linseed oil, macadamia nut oil, macadamia seed oil, moringa seed oil, meadowfoam oil, marula oil, mink oil, mustard oil, moringa oil, neem oil, olive oil, oat seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, persic oil, pomegranate seed oil, peanut oil, peppermint oil, peach kernel oil, papaya seed oil, pecan nut oil, perilla oil, pistachio oil, poppy seed oil, Pumpkin seed oil, rapeseed oil, rosehip seed oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, camellia oil, Sancha Inchi oil, sesame seed oil, sweet almond oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, tea seed oil, tomato seed oil, camellia oil, turtle oil, walnut oil, wheat germ oil, egg yolk oil, or mixtures thereof), mono-, di-, and / or triglyceride liquid oils (glyceryl trioctanoate, glyceryl triisopalmitate, liquid lanolin, or mixtures thereof) Ester liquid oils (cetyl octanoate, isopropyl myristate, hexyl laurate, or mixtures thereof), fatty acids (capric acid, caprylic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, sapienic acid, oleic acid, gondoic acid, eicosenoic acid, nervonic acid, paulic acid, linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid, γ-linoleic acid, calendic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, stearidonic acid, ecosadienoic acidacid), docosadienoic acid, linolenic acid, pinolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, or mixtures thereof), liquid hydrocarbon oils (liquid paraffin, mineral oil, white paraffin oil, liquid paraffin, isoparaffin, isododecane, isohexadecane, polybutene, squalane, tetradecane, dodecane, docosane, isoeicosane, hydrogenated polyisobutene, hydrogenated polydecene, hydrogenated didecene, C8-9 alkane, C9-12 alkane, C10-11 alkane, C11-12 alkane, C11-14 alkane / cyclohexane 6. Use of the cosmetic composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the fatty acid is selected from the group consisting of natural liquid oils, fatty acids, liquid hydrocarbon oils, and mixtures thereof; and more preferably selected from the group consisting of mineral oil and marula oil.

[0109] Embodiment 7 - Use of the cosmetic composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 6, wherein the cosmetic composition comprises at least two liquid oils, at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil.

[0110] Embodiment 8 - The at least one liquid fatty acid oil is selected from the group consisting of pure fatty acids, fatty acid blends, or mixtures thereof; preferably, the liquid fatty acid oil is selected from the group consisting of capric acid, caprylic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, sapienic acid, oleic acid, gondoic acid, eicosenoic acid, nervonic acid, paulinic acid, linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid, γ-linoleic acid, calendic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, stearidonic acid, ecosadienoic acid acid), docosadienoic acid, linolenic acid, pinolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, caprylic / capric triglyceride, isostearyl isostearate, isononyl isononanoate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, cetearyl ethylhexanoate, almond oil, argan oil, apricot kernel oil, avocado oil, baobab oil, borage oil, borage seed oil, buckthorn oil, broccoli seed oil, buriti oil, blackberry seed oil, camellia seed oil, cranberry seed oil, candlenut oil, calendula oil, flaxseed oil, canola oil, castor oil, chia seed oil, carrot seed oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, evening primrose oil, linseed oil, grape seed oil, hemp oil, hazelnut 8. Use according to embodiment 7, wherein the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of jojoba seed oil, kaya oil, linseed oil, macadamia nut oil, macadamia seed oil, moringa seed oil, meadowfoam oil, marula oil, mink oil, mustard oil, moringa oil, neem oil, olive oil, oat seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, persic oil, pomegranate seed oil, peanut oil, peppermint oil, peach kernel oil, papaya seed oil, pecan nut oil, perilla oil, pistachio oil, poppy seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, rapeseed oil, rosehip seed oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, camellia oil, sancha inchi oil, sesame seed oil, sweet almond oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, tea seed oil, tomato seed oil, camellia oil, turtle oil, walnut oil, wheat germ oil, egg yolk oil, or a mixture thereof.

[0111] Embodiment 9 - The use of embodiment 7 or 8, wherein the at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil is selected from the group consisting of liquid paraffin, mineral oil, white paraffin oil, liquid paraffin, isoparaffin, isododecane, isohexadecane, polybutene, squalane, tetradecane, dodecane, docosane, isoeicosane, hydrogenated polyisobutene, hydrogenated polydecene, hydrogenated didecene, C8-9 alkane, C9-12 alkane, C10-11 alkane, C11-12 alkane, C11-14 alkane / cycloalkane, C14-22 alkane, C12-17 alkane, C13-15 alkane, C15-19 alkane, C18-21 alkane, C21-28 alkane, squalene, octadecene, hexadecene, or mixtures thereof.

[0112] Embodiment 10 - Use according to any of embodiments 7 to 9, wherein the at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil and the at least one liquid fatty acid oil are present in a weight ratio in the range of from 1:1 to 140:1, preferably from 30:1 to 110:1, more preferably from 60:1 to 80:1.

[0113] Embodiment 11 - The at least natural and / or synthetic solid fat and / or wax is selected from the group consisting of cocoa fat, coconut oil, horse fat, hardened coconut fat, palm oil, beef tallow, mutton tallow, hardened beef tallow, palm kernel oil, lard, beef bone fat, wood wax kernel oil, hardened castor oil; lanolin, kapok wax, lanolin acetate, isopropyl lanolinate, reduced lanolin, hard lanolin, polyoxyethylene lanolin alcohol ether, polyoxyethylene lanolin alcohol acetate, polyoxyethylene cholesterol ether, polyethylene glycol lanolinate, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated lanolin alcohol ether, non-volatile hydrocarbons and solid hydrocarbon esters (solid paraffin, petrolatum, ozokerite, pristane). 11. Use of a cosmetic composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the solid fat and / or wax is selected from the group consisting of non-volatile hydrocarbons and solid hydrocarbon esters; more preferably, the solid fat and / or wax is petrolatum.

[0114] Embodiment 12 - Use of the cosmetic composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 11, wherein the cosmetic composition comprises at least one anti-inflammatory agent, at least one antioxidant, at least one thickener and / or rheology modifier, or a mixture thereof.

[0115] Embodiment 13 - Use of the cosmetic composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, wherein the cosmetic composition is substantially non-aqueous.

[0116] Embodiment 14 - Use of the cosmetic composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 13, wherein the cosmetic composition has a viscosity at 25°C in the range of 10 mPa.s to 140 mPa.s, preferably 20 mPa.s to 120 mPa.s, more preferably 40 mPa.s to 100 mPa.s.

[0117] Embodiment 15 - Use of the cosmetic composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 14, wherein the cosmetic composition is a leave-on composition.

[0118] Embodiment 16 - Use of a cosmetic composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 15, wherein the composition is applied before treating the hair; preferably within 24 hours before dyeing the hair, more preferably within 6 hours before dyeing the hair, even more preferably within 1 hour before dyeing the hair, and even more preferably within 15 minutes before dyeing the hair.

[0119] Embodiment 17 - A method of treating hair and skin, comprising the steps of: applying a cosmetic composition according to any of the previous embodiments; treating the hair; and rinsing the treated hair. [Example]

[0120] The present invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples. More specifically, the test methods defined below are part of the general disclosure of this application and are not limited to the specific examples.

[0121] combination A composition (Composition X) is provided formulated by mixing the following compounds (weight percent based on the total weight of the composition): - 69.15% mineral oil; - 29.70% petrolatum; - 1.00% refined marula oil; 0.10% bisabolol; and - 0.05% d-alpha tocopherol acetate.

[0122] Skin Sensitization (Protocol and Results) An irritation test was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the formulation in reducing the stinging sensation caused by hair dye. 28 volunteers were recruited. The application sites behind the ears were stripped twice with tape. Either the Composition X treatment or the untreated control was randomly assigned to the left or right application site. The treatment was applied, followed by the hair dye. For each application site, the stinging sensation was rated at various time points on a scale of 0 to 5 (5 being the worst). The mean maximum sensitization score recorded during the treatment period was evaluated for each treatment.

[0123] The skin sensitization results obtained with Treatment X are shown in Table 1 below. TIFF2025174910000001.tif29170

[0124] The data show that applying Composition X before the application of the hair dye significantly reduced skin sensitization compared to the untreated condition.

[0125] Microbiome analysis (protocol) The performance of composition X was tested on 50 people (divided into two groups of 25 people each), group A represented the untreated control group, and group B was treated with composition X (invention).

[0126] The following steps were performed: - The hair of each subject in Groups A and B was shampooed daily for 7 days (D0-D6); - composition X was applied to the hair of each subject of group B on day 7 (D7) before hair dyeing (composition X was not applied to the hair of each subject of group A); - The hair of each subject in Groups A and B was dyed on Day 7 (D7) (using the same hair dyeing product / method); - The dyed hair of each subject in Groups A and B was rinsed with shampoo on Day 7 (D7); - The hair of each subject in Groups A and B was shampooed daily for 7 days (D8-D14).

[0127] The microbiome was analyzed using an in vivo microbiome test, which consisted of the following steps: - Recruiting healthy individuals between the ages of 20 and 40 as volunteers; - Ensure that the volunteers do not have scalp or hair disorders such as dandruff or excessive hair loss, do not use anti-dandruff or medicated shampoos, are non-smokers, do not use chronic medications, have not undergone chemical hair treatments in the past two months, and have no known allergies to hair dyes; - Randomly assigning volunteers to each group; - asking volunteers not to wash their hair for at least 12 to 18 hours before sample collection; - Using a sterile comb to create a part in the hair to expose the scalp, then taking a sample from the scalp by rubbing a sterile cotton swab moistened with sterile water up and down the part 10 times while twisting it from side to side (samples were taken from the left, right and centre parts of the scalp); - Swab tips from the same person at the same time are collected and combined into a single tube containing collection buffer; and - Store swabs at 4°C before DNA extraction.

[0128] Five microbiome samples were collected from the scalp of each subject at the following time points: - Day 0 (D0); - Day 7 before hair dyeing (D7-before); - Day 7 after hair dyeing (post-D7); - Day 10 (D10); and - Day 14 (D14).

[0129] DNA was extracted using commercially available assay kits targeted to specific scalp microbiota and analyzed by qPCR. Abundance data were recorded as genome copies per μL of DNA. Quality control and DNA quality assessment were performed using Nanodrop.

[0130] The Friedman test was used to compare diversity at different time points. Diversity indices were calculated and ranked. The Friedman test statistic was calculated and compared with the chi-square distribution to determine significant differences. If the Friedman test showed significant differences, post-hoc tests were used to identify differences between specific groups. Statistical testing of the absolute abundance of individual microbiota was performed using Dunn's multiple comparison test within the framework of the Friedman test. Differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05 (marked with an asterisk).

[0131] The Shannon and Simpson diversity indices are measures of microbial diversity that consider both species richness and species evenness in a microbial community. Compared to the Shannon diversity index, the Simpson diversity index is more strongly influenced by evenness than by richness. Higher values ​​indicate greater diversity within the microbiome.

[0132] Microbiome analysis (Shannon diversity index) The results obtained for the Shannon diversity index (bacterial species level) are shown in Table 2 below. TIFF2025174910000002.tif52170

[0133] The data shown in Table 2 above can be analyzed as follows: - In group A, no significant difference was observed before D7 compared with D0 (see p-values ​​> 0.9999); - In group B, no significant difference was observed before D7 compared with D0 (see p-values ​​> 0.9999); - In group A, there is a significant difference after D7 compared to before D7 (see p-value 0.0316); - In group B, no significant difference was observed after D7 compared with before D7 (see p-value 0.0949); - There is a significant difference in the Shannon diversity index at D10 compared to after D7 (see p-value 0.0049).

[0134] Based on the results shown in Table 2 and the analysis presented above, the following conclusions can be drawn: - Over the first 7 days before hair dyeing (D0 to D7-pre), microbial diversity remained stable in both groups A and B; - In both groups A and B, Shannon diversity showed a tendency to decrease after hair dyeing; - The decrease in the Shannon diversity index after hair dyeing (compared to before hair dyeing) was not significant in Group B compared to the control Group A; - The use of composition X helped to significantly minimize the effect of hair dyeing on the Shannon diversity index in group B.

[0135] Microbiome analysis (Simpson index) The results obtained for the Simpson index (bacterial species level) are shown in Table 3 below. TIFF2025174910000003.tif52170

[0136] The data shown in Table 3 above can be analyzed as follows: - In group A, no significant difference was observed between before D7 and D0 (see p-values ​​> 0.9999); - In group B, no significant difference was observed before D7 compared with D0 (see p-values ​​> 0.9999); - In group A, there was no significant difference at D10 compared to after D7 (see p-value 0.1574); and - In group B, there was a significant difference at D10 compared to after D7 (see p-value 0.0068).

[0137] Based on the results shown in Table 3 and the analysis presented above, the following conclusions can be drawn: - Over the first 7 days before hair dyeing (D0 to D7-pre), microbial diversity remained stable in both groups A and B; - Both groups A and B showed an increasing trend in diversity after hair dyeing; - The use of composition X (group B) significantly increased Simpson's diversity within 3 days after hair dyeing; - When composition X was not used (group A), there was no significant increase; - The use of composition X restored bacterial diversity (expressed as Simpson's index) within 3 days after hair dyeing, following a reduction in bacterial diversity due to hair dyeing.

[0138] Microbiome analysis (average absolute abundance of Cutibacterium bacteria) The results obtained in terms of absolute abundance (genome copies / μL) of the genus Cutibacterium are shown in Table 4 below. TIFF2025174910000004.tif52170

[0139] The data shown in Table 4 above can be analyzed as follows: - In group A, there was no significant difference at D10 compared to after D7 (see p-values ​​> 0.9999); and - In group B, there was a significant difference at D10 compared to after D7 (see p-value 0.0175).

[0140] Based on the results shown in Table 4 and the analysis presented above, the following conclusions can be drawn: - In both groups A and B, the absolute abundance of Cutibacterium showed an increasing trend after hair dyeing; - The use of composition X (group B) significantly increased the absolute abundance of the genus Cutibacterium within 3 days (D10) after hair dyeing; - When composition X was not used (group A), the absolute abundance of the genus Cutibacterium did not increase significantly; Thus, the use of composition X helped to restore the abundance of Cutibacterium bacteria that had been reduced by hair dyeing within 3 days after dyeing the hair.

[0141] Microbiome analysis (mean absolute abundance of Cutibacterium acnes) The results obtained in terms of absolute abundance (genome copies / μL) of Cutibacterium acnes are shown in Table 5 below. TIFF2025174910000005.tif52170

[0142] The data shown in Table 5 above can be analyzed as follows: - In group A, no significant differences were observed between D10 and D7 (see p-values ​​> 0.9999); - In group B, there was a significant difference at D10 compared to after D7 (see p-value 0.0126).

[0143] Based on the results shown in Table 5 and the analysis presented above, the following conclusions can be drawn: - In both groups A and B, the absolute abundance of acne bacteria (Cutibacterium acnes) tended to increase after hair dyeing; - The use of composition X (group B) significantly increased the absolute abundance of Cutibacterium acnes within 3 days (D10) after hair dyeing; - When Composition X was not used (Group A), the absolute abundance of Cutibacterium acnes did not increase significantly; Thus, the use of composition X helped to restore the absolute abundance of Cutibacterium acnes that had been reduced by hair dyeing within 3 days after hair dyeing.

[0144] Microbiome analysis (mean absolute abundance of Cutibacterium granulosum) The results obtained regarding the absolute abundance (genome copies / µL) of Cutibacterium granulosum are shown in Table 6 below. TIFF2025174910000006.tif52170

[0145] The data shown in Table 6 above can be analyzed as follows: - In group A, there was no significant difference at D10 compared to after D7 (see p-values ​​> 0.9999); and - In group B, there was a significant difference at D10 compared to after D7 (see p-value 0.0175).

[0146] Based on the results shown in Table 6 and the analysis presented above, the following conclusions can be drawn: - In both groups A and B, the absolute abundance of Cutibacterium granulosum showed an increasing trend after hair dyeing; - The use of composition X (group B) significantly increased the absolute abundance of Cutibacterium granulosum within 3 days (D10) after hair dyeing; - When composition X was not used (group A), the absolute abundance of Cutibacterium granulosum did not increase significantly; Thus, the use of Composition X helped to restore the absolute abundance of Cutibacterium granulosum, which had been reduced by hair dyeing, within 3 days after hair dyeing.

[0147] Microbiome analysis (mean absolute abundance of Staphylococcus capitis) The results obtained in terms of absolute abundance (genome copies / µL) of Staphylococcus capitis are shown in Table 7 below. TIFF2025174910000007.tif51170

[0148] The data shown in Table 7 above can be analyzed as follows: - In group A, there was no significant difference at D10 compared to after D7 (see p-value 0.1574); and - In group B, there was a significant difference at D10 compared to after D7 (see p-value <0.0001).

[0149] Based on the results shown in Table 7 and the analysis presented above, the following conclusions can be drawn: - In both groups A and B, the absolute abundance of Staphylococcus capitis showed a tendency to increase after hair dyeing; - The use of composition X (group B) significantly increased the absolute abundance of Staphylococcus capitis, which was reduced by hair dyeing, within 3 days (D10) after hair dyeing; - When composition X was not used (group A), the absolute abundance of Staphylococcus capitis did not increase significantly; Thus, the use of composition X helped to restore the absolute abundance of Staphylococcus capitis that had been reduced by hair dyeing within 3 days after hair dyeing.

[0150] Microbiome analysis (mean absolute abundance of Malassezia globosa) The results obtained in terms of absolute abundance (genome copies / µL) of Malassezia globosa are shown in Table 8 below. TIFF2025174910000008.tif52170

[0151] The data shown in Table 8 above can be analyzed as follows: - In group A, there was no significant difference at D10 compared to after D7 (see p-value 0.0729); and - In group B, there was a significant difference at D10 compared to after D7 (see p-value 0.0018).

[0152] Based on the results shown in Table 8 and the analysis presented above, the following conclusions can be drawn: - In both groups A and B, the absolute abundance of Malassezia globosa showed a tendency to increase after hair dyeing; - The use of composition X significantly increased the absolute abundance of Malassezia globosa within 3 days after hair dyeing (group B); - When composition X was not used (group A), the absolute abundance of Malassezia globosa did not increase significantly; Thus, the use of composition X helped to restore the absolute abundance of Malassezia globosa that had been reduced by hair dyeing within 3 days after hair dyeing.

[0153] Microbiome analysis (summary of results) A summary of the results is shown below in Table 8. Table 8 summarizes the p-values ​​for selected microbial abundances in the comparison between D10 and D7-post for Groups A and B. TIFF2025174910000009.tif112170

[0154] Based on the summary of results shown in Table 8, the following conclusions can be drawn: - When composition X was used before hair dyeing (group B), the abundance of various microbial species naturally present on the scalp significantly increased on D10 compared to after D7; - In comparison, when composition X was not used before hair dyeing (group A), there was no significant improvement in the abundance of microorganisms; - The use of composition X before dyeing hair has a positive effect on the recovery of microorganisms affected by hair dyeing.

[0155] The data reported in the table show that application of composition X promotes the restoration of a balanced microbiome (compared to the untreated control group).

[0156] Variations and modifications of the invention, and further embodiments thereof, in addition to those described herein, will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the full contents of this specification. The subject matter of this specification includes information, examples, and guidance applicable to the practice of various embodiments of the invention and equivalents thereof. It is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations, modifications, embodiments, and equivalents.

Claims

1. Use of a cosmetic composition for maintaining the scalp microbiome during and / or after a chemical hair treatment or for restoring the scalp microbiome after a chemical hair treatment, comprising: The cosmetic composition comprises at least two liquid oils, which are at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil; the at least two liquid oils are present in a total amount ranging from 40% to 95% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition; the at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil and the at least one fatty acid oil are present in a weight ratio ranging from 1:1 to 140:1, the composition comprises at least one solid fat and / or wax selected from the group consisting of non-volatile hydrocarbons, solid hydrocarbon esters, or mixtures thereof; and the at least one solid fat and / or wax is present in an amount ranging from 5% to 60% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition; Use of a cosmetic composition.

2. 2. Use of the cosmetic composition according to claim 1, wherein the scalp microbiome is restored within 5 days, preferably within 3 days, after chemical hair treatment.

3. 3. Use of the cosmetic composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chemical hair treatment is selected from the group consisting of hair dyeing, hair bleaching, hair straightening, and / or hair perming, preferably the hair treatment is hair dyeing, more preferably the chemical hair treatment is oxidative hair dyeing.

4. 4. Use of a cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least two liquid oils, which are at least one liquid fatty acid oil and at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil, are present in a total amount ranging from 60% to 80% by weight, preferably from 65% to 75% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

5. 5. Use of a cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the at least one solid fat and / or wax is present in an amount ranging from 20% to 40% by weight, preferably from 25% to 35% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

6. The at least one liquid fatty acid oil is selected from the group consisting of pure fatty acids, pure fatty acid esters, fatty acid blends, or mixtures thereof; preferably, the liquid fatty acid oil is selected from the group consisting of caprylic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, sapienic acid, oleic acid, eicosenoic acid, linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid, γ-linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, stearidonic acid, ecosadienoic acid, Acid), Docosadienoic Acid, Linolenic Acid, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Caprylic / Capric Triglyceride, Isostearyl Isostearate, Isononyl Isononanoate, Isopropyl Myristate, Isopropyl Palmitate, Cetearyl Ethylhexanoate, Almond Oil, Argan Oil, Apricot Kernel Oil, Avocado Oil, Baobab Oil, Borage Oil, Borage Seed Oil, Buckthorn Oil, Broccoli Seed Oil, Buriti Oil, Blackberry Seed Oil, Camellia Seed Oil, Cranberry Seed Oil, Candlenut Oil, Calendula Oil, Camellia Seed Oil, Canola Oil, Castor Oil, Chia Seed Oil, Carrot Seed Oil, Coconut Oil, Corn Oil, Cottonseed Oil, Evening Primrose Oil, Linseed Oil, Grape Seed Oil, Hemp Oil, Hazelnut Oil lunatic oil, jojoba seed oil, kaya oil, linseed oil, macadamia nut oil, macadamia seed oil, moringa seed oil, meadowfoam oil, marula oil, mink oil, mustard oil, moringa oil, neem oil, olive oil, oat seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, persic oil, pomegranate seed oil, peanut oil, peppermint oil, peach kernel oil, papaya seed oil, pecan nut oil, perilla oil, pistachio oil, poppy seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, rapeseed oil, rosehip seed oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, camellia oil, sancha inchi oil, sesame seed oil, sweet almond oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, tea seed oil, tomato seed oil, camellia oil, turtle oil, walnut oil, wheat germ oil, egg yolk oil, or mixtures thereof;More preferably, the liquid fatty acid oil is selected from the group consisting of almond oil, argan oil, apricot kernel oil, avocado oil, baobab oil, borage oil, borage seed oil, buckthorn oil, broccoli seed oil, buriti oil, blackberry seed oil, camellia seed oil, cranberry seed oil, candlenut oil, calendula oil, flaxseed oil, canola oil, castor oil, chia seed oil, carrot seed oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, evening primrose oil, linseed oil, grape seed oil, hemp oil, hazelnut oil, jojoba seed oil, kaya oil, linseed oil, macadamia nut oil, macadamia seed oil, moringa seed oil, meadowfoam oil, marula oil, mink oil, mustard oil, moringa oil, neem oil, olive oil, oat seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, persic 6. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the liquid fatty acid oil is selected from the group consisting of sesame oil, pomegranate seed oil, peanut oil, peppermint oil, peach kernel oil, papaya seed oil, pecan nut oil, perilla oil, pistachio oil, poppy seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, rapeseed oil, rosehip seed oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, camellia oil, Sancha Inchi oil, sesame seed oil, sweet almond oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, tea seed oil, tomato seed oil, camellia oil, turtle oil, walnut oil, wheat germ oil, egg yolk oil, or a mixture thereof; even more preferably, the liquid fatty acid oil is selected from the group consisting of marula oil, argan oil, jojoba seed oil, sweet almond oil, baobab oil, and macadamia nut oil; most preferably, the liquid fatty acid oil is marula oil.

7. 7. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil is selected from the group consisting of liquid paraffin, mineral oil, white paraffin oil, liquid paraffin, isoparaffin, isododecane, isohexadecane, polybutene, squalane, tetradecane, dodecane, docosane, isoeicosane, hydrogenated polyisobutene, hydrogenated polydecene, hydrogenated didecene, C8-9 alkane, C9-12 alkane, C10-11 alkane, C11-12 alkane, C11-14 alkane / cycloalkane, C14-22 alkane, C12-17 alkane, C13-15 alkane, C15-19 alkane, C18-21 alkane, C21-28 alkane, squalene, octadecene, hexadecene, or mixtures thereof; preferably selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, isododecane, or mixtures thereof.

8. 8. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least one liquid hydrocarbon oil and the at least one liquid fatty acid oil are present in a weight ratio in the range of from 1:1 to 140:1, preferably in the range of from 30:1 to 110:1, more preferably in the range of from 60:1 to 80:

1.

9. 9. Use of a cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the at least one solid fat and / or wax is selected from the group consisting of solid paraffin, petrolatum, ozokerite, pristane, ceresin, petrolatum, microcrystalline waxes, or mixtures thereof, preferably the non-volatile hydrocarbon and solid hydrocarbon ester is petrolatum.

10. 10. Use of the cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the cosmetic composition comprises at least one anti-inflammatory agent, at least one antioxidant, at least one thickener and / or rheology modifier, at least one fragrance, or a mixture thereof.

11. Use of the cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the cosmetic composition is substantially non-aqueous.

12. 12. Use of the cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the cosmetic composition has a viscosity at 25°C in the range of from 10 mPa.s to 140 mPa.s, preferably from 20 mPa.s to 120 mPa.s, and more preferably from 40 mPa.s to 100 mPa.s.

13. Use of the cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the cosmetic composition is a leave-on composition.

14. 14. Use of a cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the composition is applied before chemically treating the hair; preferably within 24 hours before chemically treating the hair, more preferably within 6 hours before chemically treating the hair, even more preferably within 1 hour before chemically treating the hair, and even more preferably within 15 minutes before chemically treating the hair.

15. 1. A method for chemically treating hair and skin, comprising: - applying a cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, - chemically treating the hair, and - Rinse chemically treated hair A method comprising:

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