Construction machine

Abstract

To provide a construction machine which comprises a ladder having both of detachable and rotatable functions relative to a house with a simple configuration.SOLUTION: A ladder comprises: a ladder body; and a bracket 20 for holding the same along the outside face of a house. The ladder body has a pair of front and back hollow cylindrical vertical bars 21. The bracket comprises: a base plate 23 fitted to an outer edge part of a top plate 14a of the house; and a pair of front and back hollow cylindrical holding parts 24 erected thereon. In each vertical bar, an upper part is bent into a reverse U-shape, and bend downward tip parts 21a are made into insertion parts engaged with the holding parts. In the pair of front and back holding pats and the pair of front and back tip parts, a longitudinal dimensional difference La-Lb is provided so that insertion amounts La, Lb are different between the front and back. When the pair of front and back vertical bars are moved up from the engaged state with the pair of holding parts, when one side is disengaged, the other side maintains the engaged state to form into a rotation axis, and, with the rotation axis as the center, it can rotate to a position that does not overlap with the projection of a door opening.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction machine, and more particularly to a construction machine equipped with a ladder on the outer surface of a house that houses an engine power unit. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART Generally, construction machines such as pile drivers and crawler cranes are provided with a house that houses an engine power unit that serves as a power source and related parts (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] As shown in FIG. 13, house 100 is formed in a generally rectangular box shape extending in the front-to-rear direction (left-to-right direction in FIG. 13), with top plate 100a provided with cover body 101 for accommodating engine-related equipment and the like, and outward-opening doors 102-106 for opening and closing the door opening and ladder 107 for climbing up and down are provided on the exterior side. Ladder 107 is located on wall portion 100b provided between doors 102, 103 so as not to obstruct door opening. This allows workers engaged in maintenance or assembly work on construction machinery to open door 102 to refuel or climb onto top plate 100a of house 100 to work inside handrails 108.

[0004] The positions of the exterior surfaces of the house 100, where the doors 102 to 106 are located, usually correspond to the vehicle width (transport width). Therefore, the main body of the ladder 107 is temporarily detached when transporting the construction machine and then reattached at the destination site. As shown in Figures 14 and 15, this type of detachable ladder 107 includes a ladder main body 109 that serves as an ascending and descending path relative to the top plate 100a of the house 100, and a bracket 110 that holds the ladder main body 109 along the wall portion 100b of the house 100.

[0005] The ladder body 109 is formed primarily from round pipe material and has a pair of front and rear vertical bars 111, 111 arranged parallel to each other, and multiple horizontal bars 112 connecting the pair of front and rear vertical bars 111, 111. The vertical bars 111 are bent into an inverted U shape at the portion positioned above the height of the top plate 100a of the house 100, and a circular plate-shaped flange 113 is provided on the outer periphery of the bent downward tip (lower pipe end) 111a. In addition, a stopper member 114 having a pair of front and rear contact rubbers 114a, 114a is provided at a position corresponding to the lowest horizontal bar 112.

[0006] The bracket 110 has a base plate 115 bolted to the outer edge of the top plate 100a of the house 100, a pair of front and rear hollow cylindrical holding portions 116, 116 erected on the base plate 115, and a reinforcing plate 117 provided on the base plate 115 and connecting the holding portions 116, 116. The pair of front and rear holding portions 116, 116 are the same length, which allows the tip ends 111a, 111a of the pair of front and rear vertical bars 111, 111 to be inserted and removed simultaneously. In addition, weld nuts and push bolts (butterfly bolts) 118, 118 corresponding to the pair of upper and lower bolt holes are provided on the outer periphery of the holding portion 116.

[0007] When attaching the ladder body 109 of the ladder 107 configured in this manner to the bracket 110, the tip ends 111a, 111a of the vertical bars 111, 111 are inserted into the holding portions 116, 116, and the flange portions 113, 113 are placed on the upper end openings of the holding portions 116, 116. With the tip ends (insertion portions) 111a, 111a of the pair of front and rear vertical bars 111, 111 thus fitted into the pair of front and rear holding portions (inserted portions) 116, 116, the push bolt 118 is tightened to prevent rattling of the ladder body 109 (Fig. 14).

[0008] As a result, the ladder 107 has sufficient strength and rigidity when the ladder body 109 is attached, and even if a load is applied when ascending or descending, the bracket 110 and stopper member 114 function to prevent any adverse effects on the top plate 100a or wall portion 100b of the house 100.

[0009] On the other hand, when removing the ladder body 109 from the bracket 110, all that is required is to loosen the push bolt 118, lift the vertical bars 111, 111, move them upward, and remove their tip ends 111a, 111a from the holding parts 116, 116 (Figure 15).

[0010] In recent years, due to the increase in the number and size of devices related to engine power units, ladders installed in houses are increasingly subject to restrictions on placement. When a ladder with the above-mentioned structure must be placed opposite a door, the ladder interferes with opening and closing the door, resulting in the hassle of having to remove the ladder every time the door is opened. This problem has been raised as background art in a prior document (see Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0011] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-188382 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-88352 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0012] The ladder described in Patent Document 2 has a detachable structure suitable for transportation purposes, and when performing maintenance, the ladder can be rotated to a position where it does not interfere with the opening and closing of the door. However, if the ladder is made to be rotatable, an additional fixing mechanism must be provided, which creates the problem of a complicated ladder structure.

[0013] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a construction machine equipped with a ladder that can be attached to and detached from a house and can be rotated with a simple configuration. [Means for solving the problem]

[0014] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a construction machine comprising a lower traveling body equipped with crawlers, an upper rotating body rotatably mounted on the upper part of the lower traveling body, a house mounted on one side of the upper rotating body, an outward-opening door for opening and closing a door opening mounted on the outer surface of the house, and a ladder detachably mounted on the house so as to overlap with the projection of the door opening, wherein the ladder comprises a ladder body which forms an ascending and descending path relative to the top plate of the house, and a bracket which holds the ladder body along the outer surface of the house, the ladder body having a pair of front and rear hollow cylindrical vertical bars which are arranged parallel to each other, and a plurality of horizontal bars which connect the pair of front and rear vertical bars, and the bracket is attached to the outer edge of the top plate and a pair of front and rear hollow cylindrical holding parts standing on the base plate, wherein the vertical bars are bent in an inverted U shape at the part positioned above the height of the top plate, and the bent downward tip parts are formed as inserting parts or inserted parts that fit into the holding parts, and the pair of front and rear holding parts and the pair of front and rear tip parts have a difference in lengthwise dimension so that the insertion amount differs between the front and rear sides, and when the pair of front and rear vertical bars are moved upward from their fitted state with the pair of front and rear holding parts, at the time the fitted state on one side is released, the other side maintains the fitted state and becomes a rotation axis, and the pair of front and rear vertical bars are configured to be rotatable around the rotation axis to a position that does not overlap with the projection of the door opening.

[0015] The holding portion is characterized in that it is formed in a solid columnar shape instead of the hollow cylindrical shape. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the construction machine of the present invention, a ladder for climbing up and down attached to the exterior surface of a house is based on a conventional configuration in which the tips of a pair of front and rear vertical bars are removably fitted to a pair of front and rear retaining members. However, a dimensional difference is provided between the front and rear of the ladder to allow different insertion lengths. This allows the pivot shaft to be obtained by simply lifting the vertical bars from their fitted position. After the vertical bars are rotated to a position where they do not overlap with the projection of the door opening, the door opening can be opened wide by opening the door. This allows the door to be opened for maintenance without removing the ladder. Furthermore, by lifting the vertical bars to a position where the pivot shaft becomes unstable, the ladder body can be separated from the bracket. Therefore, during transportation, the ladder can be operated in the same manner as before using a ladder that the user is familiar with. In other words, a ladder that can be attached to and detached from a house and rotated with a simple configuration is obtained, thereby realizing a highly practical construction machine. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a side view of a main part of a pile driver showing an example of a construction machine according to the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a side view showing the installation state of the ladder body. [Figure 3] This is a rear view showing the installation state of the ladder body. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. [Figure 5] This is a plan view showing the installation state of the ladder body. [Figure 6] This is an oblique view showing the installation state of the ladder body. [Figure 7] This is an oblique view showing the ladder body removed. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state in which a rotation axis is provided on one side of the pair of front and rear vertical bars. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state in which a pair of front and rear vertical bars are rotated. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the relative positions of the vertical bar in a rotated state and the door in an open state. [Figure 11]A rear view showing the installation state of the ladder body in a modified example. [Figure 12] 11. XII-XII sectional view of FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a side view showing a house according to the prior art. [Figure 14] This is an oblique view showing the installation state of the ladder body. [Figure 15] This is an oblique view showing the ladder body removed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Figures 1 to 12 show the application of the present invention to a pile driver, which is an example of construction machinery. As shown in Figure 1, the pile driver 11 is roughly configured to include a lower running body 12 equipped with crawlers, an upper rotating body 13 rotatably mounted on the upper part of the lower running body 12, and a work device (not shown) mounted on the front part of the upper rotating body 13. A house 14 is installed on one side of the upper rotating body 13 and contains an engine power unit that serves as a power source and its related parts.

[0019] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the house 14 has a top plate 14a that serves as a foothold for workers, and is provided on its exterior with a door 16 that opens and closes a door opening (shown by a thick imaginary line in Figure 2) 15, and a ladder 17 for climbing up and down. The door 16 is an outward-opening type that rotates horizontally around a hinge 18 hidden inside. When the door opening 15 is open, it exposes, for example, the filler opening of a fuel tank (not shown) to the outside.

[0020] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the ladder 17, like the conventional ladder 107 (see Figures 14 and 15), has a detachable structure that can be removed during transportation, i.e., it has a ladder body 19 that serves as an ascending and descending path relative to the top plate 14a of the house 14, and a bracket 20 that holds the ladder body 19 along the outer surface of the house 14.

[0021] The ladder body 19 has a pair of hollow cylindrical (round pipe) vertical bars 21, 21 arranged parallel to each other, and a plurality of horizontal bars 22 connecting the pair of front and rear vertical bars 21, 21. The bracket 20 has a base plate 23 bolted to the outer edge of the top plate 14a of the house 14, a pair of hollow cylindrical holding parts 24F, 24R erected on the base plate 23, and a reinforcing plate 25 arranged on the base plate 23 and connecting the holding parts 24F, 24R. In addition, a pair of upper and lower push bolts (butterfly bolts) 26, 26 are provided on the outer periphery of the holding part 24.

[0022] The vertical crosspiece 21 is bent in an inverted U-shape at a portion positioned above the top plate 14a of the house 14, thereby providing an overhang that causes the ladder body 19 to extend outside the house 14 (FIG. 3). The downward-facing tip portions 21a, 21a bent in an inverted U-shape are formed as insertion portions that fit into the holding portions 24F, 24R of the bracket 20. The length of the tip portion (insertion portion) 21a is defined, for example, as the distance from the annular plate-shaped flange portion 27 provided on the outer periphery to the tip (lower end). In addition, a stopper member 28 having contact rubbers 28a, 28a is provided at a position corresponding to the lowest horizontal crosspiece 22.

[0023] In the ladder 17 roughly configured as described above, when attaching the ladder body 19 to the bracket 20, a series of steps are taken: inserting the tips 21a, 21a of the vertical bars 21, 21 into the holding portions 24F, 24R, placing the flanges 27, 27 on the upper end openings of the holding portions 24F, 24R, and tightening the pressing bolt 26 with the tips (inserting portions) 21a, 21a and the holding portions (inserted portions) 24F, 24R engaged with each other (Fig. 6).On the other hand, when removing the ladder body 19 from the bracket 20, a series of steps are taken: loosening the pressing bolt 26, lifting and moving the vertical bars 21, 21, and removing the tips 21a, 21a from the holding portions 24F, 24R (Fig. 7).

[0024] In this embodiment, the top plate 14a of the house 14 is largely occupied by structures such as engine-related equipment and the cover body 29 that houses it (FIG. 2). Due to these circumstances, the ladder 17, which is restricted in its placement in the front-to-rear direction of the house (left-to-right direction in FIG. 2), is inevitably placed so that it overlaps with the projection (outward projection) of the door opening 15. In other words, the ladder 17 is placed partially facing the door 16 in the closed state, and is positioned to one side of the center of the door opening 15, toward the rear side (right side in FIG. 2) where the hinge 18 is located.

[0025] The rear end 15a of the door opening 15 is positioned by the front end of the plate to which the hinge 18 is attached (see also FIG. 10 ). Therefore, when attempting to open the door 16 wide, nearly 90 degrees, the ladder 17 would be an obstacle. However, removing the ladder body 19 each time the door is opened would be time-consuming for the worker. Therefore, in order to create a pivot axis (described later), the ladder 17 is attached to the bracket 20 by providing a dimensional difference between the front and rear end portions (insertion portions) 21a, 21a and the front and rear end portions (inserted portions) 24F, 24R, which provide different insertion depths (insertion depths) between the front and rear ends. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 , the rear insertion amount La is set larger than the front insertion amount Lb, resulting in a longitudinal dimensional difference La-Lb. In this embodiment, for example, La = 180 mm, Lb = 130 mm, and La - Lb = 50 mm.

[0026] When the facing door 16 of the ladder 17 configured in this manner is opened for maintenance of the pile driver 11, etc., as a preliminary preparation, the ladder body 19 is attached to the use position in an attached state (solid line in FIG. 5) as shown in Fig. 5, and a rotation axis PV is provided in the rear vertical crosspiece 21 along the vertical direction, and the front vertical crosspiece 21 is rotated outward around the rotation axis PV (imaginary line in FIG. 5) and held in that rotated state. The procedure for rotating the ladder body 19 will be explained below with reference to Figs. 8 to 10.

[0027] First, from the installed state of the ladder body 19 (FIG. 6), the push bolt 26 is loosened to lift the ladder body 19, and the pair of front and rear vertical bars 21, 21 are raised from the engaged state with the pair of front and rear retaining portions 24F, 24R (FIG. 4). Here, as shown in FIG. 8, when the front of the pair of front and rear vertical bars 21, 21 is released from the engaged state, the rear remains engaged by the dimensional difference La-Lb with the front, and serves as the pivot axis PV for rotating the front vertical bar 21 outward (in the direction of arrow A). At this time, the operator operating the ladder body 19 can feel a certain resistance that the front has been released from the engaged state. In other words, the operator can sense with his or her hand whether the pivot axis PV has been obtained by lifting the ladder body 19.

[0028] After the front vertical crosspiece 21 is rotated around the pivot axis PV to a position where it does not overlap the retaining portion 24R, the weight of the ladder body 19 moves the vertical crosspieces 21 downward to ensure an insertion distance La sufficient to stabilize the pivot axis PV. Specifically, the tip 21a of the rear vertical crosspiece 21 is inserted deeply into the retaining portion 24R, and the flange 27 is placed on the upper opening of the retaining portion 24R. Then, as shown in FIG. 9 , the front vertical crosspiece 21 is rotated further outward (in the direction of arrow B) to a position where it does not overlap the projection (outward projection) of the door opening 15. In this way, the ladder body 19, retracted from the front of the door 16, does not come into contact with the ladder 17, even when the door 16 is opened nearly 90 degrees, as shown in FIG. 10 . This allows the door opening 15 to be opened wide and necessary work to be performed safely. Although not shown, the door 16 is held in the open position ( FIG. 10 ) by a locking mechanism.

[0029] On the other hand, when closing the door 16 and returning the ladder body 19 to its original attached state, the above-mentioned procedure is carried out in reverse. At this time, even if the ladder body 19 is lifted more than necessary and the rear side is released from the mated state, this can be corrected by a continuous operation (insertion / removal operation) while holding the ladder body 19, so there is no operational inconvenience for the worker.

[0030] As described above, according to the construction machine of the present invention, the climbing ladder 17 provided on the exterior surface of the house 14 is based on a conventional configuration in which the tips 21a, 21a of a pair of front and rear vertical bars 21, 21 are removably fitted to the pair of front and rear retaining portions 24F, 24R. However, a dimensional difference La-Lb is provided to differentiate the insertion amounts La, Lb between the front and rear sides. Therefore, the pivot axis PV can be obtained by simply moving the vertical bar 21 upward from its fitted state. After rotating the vertical bar 21 to a position where it does not overlap with the projection of the door opening 15, the door opening 15 can be opened widely by opening the door. This allows the door 16 to be opened for maintenance without removing the ladder 17. Furthermore, by moving the vertical bar 21 upward to a position where the stability of the pivot axis PV is lost, the ladder body 19 can be separated from the bracket 20. Therefore, during transportation, the ladder 17 can be used in the same manner as in the past, using a ladder 17 that users are familiar with. That is, a ladder 17 is obtained that has a simple structure and is capable of both being attached to and detached from the house 14 and being rotatable, thereby realizing a highly practical construction machine.

[0031] 11 and 12 show modified examples of the construction machine of the present invention. In the following description, the same components as those shown in the above embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0032] In this modified example, a ladder 30, which is arranged in the same position as the ladder 17 of the above-described embodiment, is configured as shown in Fig. 11 and includes a ladder body 31 and a bracket 32 ​​that holds the ladder body 31. As shown in Fig. 12, the holding portion 33 is formed in a solid cylindrical shape (round bar), while the tip end 34a of the vertical crosspiece 34 is an insertion portion that fits into the holding portion 33 and is formed with an opening at its lower end. Since the fitting relationship in which the holding portion 33 is inserted into the tip end 34a is reversed, a circular plate-shaped flange 35 is provided on the outer periphery (bracket 32 ​​side) of the holding portion 33, and a push bolt (butterfly bolt) 36 is provided on the outer periphery (vertical crosspiece 34 side) of the tip end 34a (Fig. 11). Furthermore, a reinforcing plate 37 that constitutes the bracket 32 ​​is formed to a height corresponding to the mounting height of the flanges 35, 35 (Fig. 12).

[0033] In the ladder 30 roughly configured as described above, the pair of front and rear tip portions (inserted portions) 34a, 34a and the pair of front and rear holding portions (inserted portions) 33F, 33R are attached to the ladder body 31 and the bracket 32 ​​such that a dimensional difference is provided between the front and rear sides to differentiate the insertion amount (insertion depth). Specifically, the rear insertion amount La is set larger than the front insertion amount Lb, thereby providing a dimensional difference La-Lb in the length direction. Here, the length of the tip portion (inserted portion) 34a of the vertical bar 34 is specified as the same distance as the distance from the flange portion 35 to the tip (top end) of the holding portion 33, for example. Even in this modified example configured in this manner, the pivot axis PV can be obtained by the very simple operation of simply moving the vertical bar 34 upward from its engaged state, and by moving the vertical bar 34 upward to a position where the stability of the pivot axis PV is lost, the ladder body 31 can be separated from the bracket 32, thereby obtaining a ladder 30 that can be attached and detached to the house 14 and can also be rotated.

[0034] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the configuration and arrangement of the ladder can be changed as appropriate depending on the specifications of the structure, such as the house, door, or cover. For example, the ladder may be located at the rear of the house. Furthermore, the ladder may be configured with the front vertical bar as the pivot axis, as long as it can be retracted to a position that does not interfere with opening the door. The extent to which the ladder overlaps with the projection of the door opening when installed is also optional.

[0035] Furthermore, the fact that the ladder body is held by a bracket and the fitting relationship between the tip and the holding part is reversed can also be achieved between hollow cylindrical (round pipe) components. Also, only the tip (insertion part) of the vertical bar can be formed as a solid column (round bar), or the lower end position of the tip and the upper end position of the holding part can be formed at different heights on the front and rear sides. In other words, various variations in the fitting relationship can be provided, including the degree of radial clearance.

[0036] Furthermore, the ladder may be configured without a flange, in which case the support load (vertical load) of the ladder body acting on the bracket is directly received by the base plate. In addition, although a pile driver has been exemplified as a construction machine, this is not limited to this, and the ladder may be applied to various construction machines that have a house on one side of the upper rotating body, such as earth drills and cranes. [Explanation of symbols]

[0037] 11...pile driver, 12...lower running body, 13...upper rotating body, 14...house, 14a...top plate, 15...door opening, 15a...rear end, 16...door, 17...ladder, 18...hinge, 19...ladder body, 20...bracket, 21...vertical crosspiece, 21a...tip portion, 22...horizontal crosspiece, 23...base plate, 24F, 24R...holding portion, 25...reinforcing plate, 26...push bolt, 27...flange portion, 28...stopper member, 28a...contact rubber, 29...cover body, 30...ladder, 31...ladder body, 32...bracket, 33F, 33R...holding portion, 34...vertical crosspiece, 34a...tip portion, 35...flange portion, 36...push bolt, 37...reinforcing plate

Claims

1. a lower traveling body equipped with a crawler; an upper rotating body rotatably provided on an upper part of the lower traveling body; a house provided on one side of the upper rotating body; an outward-opening door that opens and closes a door opening provided on an outer surface of the house; a ladder detachably attached to the house so as to overlap with the projection of the door opening, The ladder is A ladder body that serves as an ascending / descending path relative to the top plate of the house; a bracket for holding the ladder body along the outer surface of the house, The ladder body is A pair of hollow cylindrical vertical bars arranged parallel to each other, a plurality of horizontal bars connecting the pair of front and rear vertical bars, The bracket is a base plate attached to the outer edge of the top plate; a pair of front and rear hollow cylindrical holding portions erected on the base plate, The vertical bar has a portion that is bent into an inverted U shape and that is positioned above the height of the top plate, and the bent downward tip portion is formed as an inserting portion or an inserted portion that fits into the holding portion, The pair of front and rear holding portions and the pair of front and rear tip portions have a difference in length such that the insertion amounts differ between the front side and the rear side, When the pair of front and rear vertical bars are moved upward from their engaged state with the pair of front and rear holding portions, when the engaged state on one side is released, the other side maintains its engaged state and becomes a pivot axis, and the construction machine is characterized in that it is configured to be rotatable around the pivot axis to a position that does not overlap with the projection of the door opening.

2. 2. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the holding portion is formed in a solid columnar shape instead of the hollow cylindrical shape.

Images