Display device, head-up display and traffic equipment

Abstract

A display device, a head-up display and a traffic device, in which the first image source (11) includes a first display area (110), the refractive element (2) is configured to refract image light emitted from at least a part of the first display area (110), the image light refracted by the refractive element (2) is reflected by a first reflecting element (31) and propagates to an observation area (5) to form a first virtual image, and along a direction from a first end (e1) of the at least a part of the area to a second end (e2) of the at least a part of the area, an optical distance between a light-entering surface (21a) of the refractive element (2) and a light-exiting surface (21) of the refractive element (2) of at least a part of the image light emitted from the at least a part of the area is gradually reduced. The display device can reduce the requirement of the mounting angle for the first image source (11) to realize the tilt imaging, have a small occupied space, a compact structure, and an increased flexibility, and can widen the application range of the display device to realize the tilt imaging.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a display device, a head-up display, and a traffic device. [Background technology]

[0002] A head-up display (HUD) may use a reflective optical design, projecting image light (including vehicle information such as vehicle speed) emitted from an image source onto an imaging window (e.g., a structure such as a windshield or imaging plate) to allow a user (e.g., a driver and / or passengers) to view the information directly while driving without having to look down at the dashboard, which may improve driving safety and provide a better driving experience.

[0003] The display screen of the head-up display may be a tilting screen, i.e. the screen that is visually displayed to the human eye may be tilted. For example, the near end of the tilting screen (the end closest to the user) is lower and the far end (the end closest to the user) is lower. Edge away from user ) is high, and such a tilted screen has a better ground contact effect than a vertical screen, and can better blend the image with real objects in the outside world. For example, a road sign located on the ground, such as a static or dynamic steering arrow, is displayed on the tilted screen, and the road sign on the display screen appears to be in contact with the road surface and has a better indicating effect. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device, the display device including a first image source, a refractive element, and a first reflecting element, the first image source includes a first display area, the refractive element is configured to refract image light rays emitted from at least a portion of the first display area, the image light rays refracted by the refractive element are reflected by the first reflecting element and propagated to a viewing area to form a first virtual image, and an optical distance between a light-entering surface of the refractive element and a light-exiting surface of the refractive element of at least a portion of the image light rays emitted from the at least a portion of the first display area is gradually reduced along a direction from a first end of the at least a portion of the first display area to a second end of the at least a portion of the first display area.

[0005] For example, in a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first virtual image corresponding to the image light rays emitted from at least a portion of the region has a near end close to the observation area and a far end away from the observation area, the image light rays corresponding to the first end correspond to the near end and the image light rays corresponding to the second end correspond to the far end, and the height of the far end of the first virtual image is higher than the height of the near end of the first virtual image.

[0006] For example, in a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a thickness of the refractive element along a main optical axis direction of the image light emitted from at least some of the regions gradually decreases along a direction from a first end of the at least some of the regions to a second end of the at least some of the regions, and / or a refractive index of the refractive element along a main optical axis direction of the image light emitted from at least some of the regions gradually decreases along a direction from the first end of the at least some of the regions to a second end of the at least some of the regions.

[0007] For example, in a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the thickness of the refractive element along the main optical axis direction of the image light emitted from at least some of the regions gradually decreases along the direction from the first end of the at least some of the regions to the second end of the at least some of the regions, the refractive index of the refractive element is equal, and when the refractive index gradually decreases along the direction from the first end of the at least some of the regions to the second end of the at least some of the regions, the thickness of the refractive element along the main optical axis direction of the image light emitted from the at least some of the regions is equal.

[0008] For example, in a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the surface of the refractive element facing away from the first image source comprises a planar and / or curved surface.

[0009] For example, in a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a surface of the refractive element facing away from the first image source is flat, the surface of the refractive element facing away from the first image source and a display surface of the first display area have a first angle, the first angle being between 1° and 60°.

[0010] For example, in a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive element is attached to at least a portion of the region, or the refractive element is spaced apart from at least a portion of the region in a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the first display area, or the refractive element includes a portion attached to at least a portion of the region and a portion spaced apart from the at least a portion.

[0011] For example, in a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive element is configured to refract image light rays emanating from the entire first display area.

[0012] For example, in a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first display area includes a first sub-display area and a second sub-display area, and at least a portion of the region is the first sub-display area, and image light emitted from the second sub-display area is incident on the first reflecting element without being refracted by the refractive element, and the first reflecting element is further configured to reflect the image light emitted from the second sub-display area and incident on the first reflecting element to an observation area to form a second virtual image, and an angle between the second virtual image and the ground is greater than an angle between the first virtual image and the ground, and the second virtual image and the first virtual image have a second angle that is not zero.

[0013] For example, in a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the display content of the second virtual image and the display content of the first virtual image are independent of each other or related to each other.

[0014] For example, in a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the refractive element may be an integrated structure or may include a plurality of sub-refractive elements stacked in a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the first display area.

[0015] For example, a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a second reflective element configured to reflect image light rays emitted from the first display area and refracted by the sub-refractive element to the first reflective element.

[0016] For example, a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a second image source including a second display area, wherein image light emitted from the second display area is propagated to the first reflective element, and image light emitted from the second display area and propagated to the first reflective element forms a third virtual image different from the first virtual image, and an angle between the third virtual image and the ground is greater than an angle between the first virtual image and the ground, and a display surface of the first display area and a display surface of the second display area are parallel.

[0017] For example, a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a third reflective element, and the image light emitted from the second display area is reflected by the third reflective element and then propagated to the first reflective element.

[0018] For example, a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a third image source and a transmission element, the third image source including a third display area, a display surface of the third display area and a display surface of the first display area having a third angle that is not zero, the transmission element being located on a side of the refractive element away from the first image source and configured to transmit image light rays emitted from the first display area to the first reflecting element and configured to reflect image light rays emitted from the third display area, the image light rays emitted from the third display area being reflected by the transmission element and then propagating to the first reflecting element, the image light rays emitted from the third display area and propagating to the first reflecting element forming a fourth virtual image different from the first virtual image, and the first virtual image and the fourth virtual image at least partially overlap.

[0019] For example, in a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the projection of the first virtual image onto the plane on which the fourth virtual image is located is within the range of the fourth virtual image, or the projection of the fourth virtual image onto the plane on which the first virtual image is located is within the range of the first virtual image.

[0020] For example, in a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the center of the first virtual image, the center of the fourth virtual image, and the center of the eye box region are located on the same straight line.

[0021] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a head-up display including a reflective imaging unit and any display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the reflective imaging unit being configured to reflect image light rays reflected from the first reflective element to the reflective imaging unit to the observation area and to transmit ambient light.

[0022] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a traffic device, the traffic device including any display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure or any head-up display according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] For example, in a traffic device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the traffic device includes the head-up display, the reflective imaging portion is a windshield or imaging window of the traffic device. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0024] In order to more clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments are briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are not the limitation of the present invention, but are only related to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2A] A comparative schematic diagram of a case in which a refractive element in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure refracts image light rays emitted from a display area of ​​an image source and a case in which the image light rays emitted from the display area of ​​an image source are not refracted by a refractive element. [Figure 2B] 1 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent distance from a display surface of a first display area to a first reflective element in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another display device in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another display device in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another display device in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another display device in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another display device in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8]FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another display device in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another display device in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another display device in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a head-up display in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transportation device in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0025] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all the embodiments, but only some of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without requiring creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the ordinary meaning understood by a person of ordinary skill in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The terms "first", "second" and similar terms used in this disclosure do not denote any order, number, or importance, but are used to distinguish different components. Similar terms such as "comprise" or "include" mean that the element or object appearing before the term covers the elements or objects listed after the term and their equivalents without excluding other elements or objects.

[0027] Features such as "parallel", "perpendicular" and "same" used in the examples of the present disclosure include features such as "parallel", "perpendicular", "same" in the strict sense, and features including a certain error such as "almost parallel", "almost perpendicular", "almost identical", etc., and indicate that it is within an acceptable deviation range determined by a person skilled in the art from a specific value, taking into account the measurement and the error (e.g., the limitations of the measurement system) related to the measurement of a specific amount. For example, "almost" can represent one or more standard deviations or less than 10% or 5% of the value. When the number of a component is not specifically specified below in the examples of the present disclosure, it means that the component may be one or more, or may be understood as at least one. "At least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to at least two.

[0028] A head-up display (HUD) can form an image inclined with respect to the road surface, and the inclined image is in line with the visual habit of the human eye, and has a better effect when performing augmented reality fusion with the external environment, and when the inclined image displays road-related content (e.g., a straight ahead road indicator), it has a better ground contact effect and a better user experience. However, in general, to form an inclined image using a HUD, it is necessary to adjust the image source of the HUD device and further adjust the position of the reflector, for example, to incline the image source, so that the volume of the HUD device is very large, the occupied space is large, and the convenience of using the HUD device is reduced. The present disclosure proposes a display device that can form an inclined image and has a compact structure, and can be used in a HUD to form an inclined image while reducing the volume of the HUD device and improving the usage experience and convenience of the HUD.

[0029] The drawings in this disclosure are not drawn to strict actual scale, and the number of image sources and images in the display device is not limited to the number shown in the drawings, and the specific size and number of each structure can be determined according to actual needs. The drawings described in this disclosure are merely schematic diagrams.

[0030] It should be noted that the sizes and ratios of elements and the sizes of geometric paths in the drawings of the present disclosure are merely approximate and are not limited to the actual sizes and ratios of elements and the sizes of geometric paths; specifically, the lengths of the geometric paths need to be understood in accordance with the textual descriptions.

[0031] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device including a first image source, a refractive element, and a first reflecting element. The first image source includes a first display area, and the refractive element is configured to refract image light rays emitted from at least a portion of the first display area, and the image light rays refracted by the refractive element are reflected by the first reflecting element and propagated to the observation area to form a first virtual image, and along a direction from a first end of the at least a portion of the area to a second end of the at least a portion of the area, an optical distance between a light-entering surface of the refractive element and a light-exiting surface of the refractive element of at least a portion of the image light rays emitted from the at least a portion of the area gradually decreases. Using the display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, tilted imaging can be realized, and the first image source does not need to have a large mounting space. Through cooperation between the first image source and the refractive element, a tilted image can be presented on the display screen of all or a portion of the first display area. Compared with the conventional tilt imaging technology, the display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure does not require the image source to have high installation requirements (such as high installation angle and large installation space) when realizing a tilt image, and the structure of the display device is simple and compact, and the tilt screen can be realized. Therefore, the display device can reduce the installation requirements for the first image source for realizing tilt imaging, and the display device can occupy less space, have a compact structure, increase flexibility, and widen the application range of the display device for realizing tilt imaging.

[0032] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a head-up display including a reflective imaging unit and any display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the reflective imaging unit is configured to reflect image light rays reflected from a first reflective element to the reflective imaging unit to an observation area and transmit ambient light.

[0033] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a traffic device including any display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure or any head-up display according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] A display device, a head-up display, and a traffic device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that similar components can be arranged in a similar manner, and all the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to multiple protection themes, such as a display device, a head-up display, and a traffic device. The same or similar contents will not be repeated in each protection theme, and the description of the embodiment corresponding to the other protection theme may be referred to.

[0035] Illustratively, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the display device includes a first image source 11, a refractive element 2, and a first reflective element 31. The first image source 11 includes a first display area 110, the refractive element 2 is configured to refract image light rays emitted from at least a portion of the first display area 110, and the first reflective element 31 is configured so that the image light rays refracted by the refractive element 2 are reflected by the first reflective element 31 and propagated to the observation area 5 to form a first virtual image 100, and the refractive element 2 has a light entrance surface 21a and a light exit surface 21, and along the direction from the first end e1 of the at least a portion of the region to the second end e2 of the at least a portion of the region, the optical distance between the light entrance surface 21a of the refractive element 2 and the light exit surface 21 of the refractive element 2 of at least a portion of the image light rays emitted from the at least a portion of the region gradually becomes smaller, that is, the optical distance in the process in which at least a portion of the image light rays emitted from the at least a portion of the region enter the refractive element 2 and then exit the refractive element 2 gradually becomes smaller. For example, the refractive element 2 has a lower surface 21a and an upper surface 21. For example, the lower surface 21a is a surface of the refractive element 2 close to the first image source 11 (considered to be a light-entering surface of the image light), and the upper surface 21 is a surface of the refractive element 2 away from the first image source 11 (considered to be a light-exiting surface of the image light). Along a direction from a first end e1 of the at least some region to a second end e2 of the at least some region, the optical distance of the image light (image light in FIG. 1) emitted from at least some region in the process of entering the refractive element 2 from the lower surface 21a and emitting from the upper surface 21 gradually decreases.

[0036] For example, the first virtual image 100 correspondingly formed by the image light beams emitted from at least a portion of the region gradually decreases in optical distance from the near end close to the observation area 5 to the far end away from the observation area 5, along the direction from the first end e1 of the at least a portion of the region to the second end of the at least a portion of the region, during the process in which the image light beams emitted from the at least a portion of the region enter the refractive element 2 and are then emitted from the refractive element 2. For example, in the display device shown in FIG. 1, the at least a portion of the region means the entire first display area 110, and for example, the refractive element 2 is configured to refract the image light beams emitted from the entire first display area 110. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the at least a portion of the region is, for example, the first display area 110, so in the following description of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the first display area 110 represents at least a portion of the region.

[0037] Oblique imaging can be realized using a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, and the display device does not require the first image source for realizing oblique imaging to have high mounting requirements (e.g., it must be inclined with respect to the ground), does not require a large space to accommodate the first image source 11, or occupies almost no large space; and when the display device is used in a head-up display, the structure of the device is compact, increases the mounting flexibility, improves the usage experience of the head-up display, and widens the application range of the display device for realizing oblique imaging.

[0038] For example, the first image source 11 and the refractive element 2 cooperate to realize presenting an inclined image on the entire or part of the display screen of the first display area 110. For example, the image light emitted from the first display area 110 is refracted at least at the interface between the refractive element 2 and air (e.g., the medium-air interface of the refractive element 2), and for example, in Fig. 1, taking three light rays as an example, the light rays A1, B1, and C1 emitted from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 are refracted at the interface between the refractive element 2 and air (e.g., the interface between the upper surface 21 and air) to obtain the light rays A2, B2, and C2, respectively. During the propagation of the light ray emitted from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110, the refractive element 2 is used to reduce an equivalent distance (hereinafter, interpreted as an equivalent distance) from the display surface 20 of the first image source 11 to the first reflecting element 31, and the refractive element 2 increases the optical distance that the image light ray emitted from the first display area 110 propagates to the first reflecting element 31, and also increases the optical distance that the image light ray emitted from the first display area 110 propagates from the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31 along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110. The optical distance of the image light rays entering the refractive element 2 from the lower surface 21a and emitting from the upper surface 21 gradually decreases. For example, the positions at which light rays A1, B1, and C1 enter the refractive element 2 from the lower surface 21a are distributed sequentially along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, and the optical distance of light rays A1, B1, and C1 entering the refractive element 2 from the lower surface 21a and emitting from the upper surface 21 gradually decreases. Therefore, along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, the added optical distance gradually becomes smaller, and along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, the equivalent distance from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 to the first reflective element 31 gradually becomes larger, thereby realizing that the first virtual image 100 formed correspondingly by the image light rays emitted from at least a portion of the region is an inclined image.

[0039] For example, when the first reflecting element 31 includes a curved reflecting mirror (e.g., the reflecting surface is concave), if the optical distance between the display surface of the image source (including the image light emitted from the display surface of the image source, e.g., the first image source 11 of the present disclosure, or the image light obtained after the image light emitted from the display surface of the image source is processed by some optical elements, e.g., the refractive element 2) of the image light emitted from the image source and the concave reflecting mirror is smaller than the focal length of the concave reflecting mirror, the concave reflecting mirror forms a magnified erect virtual image based on the image. For example, as can be seen based on the imaging characteristics of the concave reflecting mirror, if the distance (e.g., equivalent distance) between the display surface of the image source and the concave reflecting mirror of the image light emitted from the image source is smaller than the focal length of the concave reflecting mirror (e.g., the image is located within 1 focal length of the concave reflecting mirror), the image distance of the concave reflecting mirror increases as the distance (e.g., considered to be equivalent distance) between the image and the concave reflecting mirror increases. For example, the image light reflected and emitted by the first reflecting element 31 is reflected to the user's eyes after passing through a reflection imaging portion such as a windshield of a traffic device, and as can be understood, since the windshield is usually a flat structure or a curved structure with a small curvature, the image distance of the virtual image seen by the user is mainly determined by the first reflecting element 31, and the position of the virtual image formed by the first reflecting element 31 reflecting the image light is considered to mainly determine the position of the virtual image of the head-up display viewed by the user (e.g., the imaging distance of the virtual image). As described above, the position of the virtual image formed by the first reflecting element 31 reflecting the image light (e.g., the virtual image distance) increases as the distance between the image and the concave reflecting mirror increases, and for example, the larger the equivalent distance between the image and the concave reflecting mirror, the larger the distance between the user using the head-up display including the display device and the image viewed by him (the user), and the larger the distance between the observation area and the image viewed by the user's eyes from the observation area.In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a refractive element 2 having a small volume is provided in the optical path along which the image light emitted from an image source, e.g., the first image source 11, propagates to the first reflecting element 31, thereby adjusting the equivalent distance along which the image light emitted from the image source propagates to the first reflecting element, changing the imaging distance of the first reflecting element 31 (e.g., the image distance when imaging after being reflected by the first reflecting element 31), and realizing adjustment of the imaging position, e.g., forming a tilted virtual image.

[0040] The display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure has a lower mounting requirement for the display device when realizing the tilted image compared with the conventional tilted imaging technology, for example, the arrangement of the display surface 20 of the image source, for example, the first image source 11, does not need to be changed or only needs to be changed to a smaller extent, for example, the tilt angle (for example, the tilted screen can be realized when the display surface of the second image source, which can form a horizontal or vertical image, has a non-zero angle), and the horizontal direction may mean parallel to the running direction of the traffic device using the head-up display and / or having the display device. Therefore, the display device can reduce the mounting requirement for the first image source 11 to realize the tilted imaging, for example, reduce the mounting angle requirement, reduce the mounting space, increase the flexibility, and expand the applicability of the display device realizing the tilted imaging. For example, in some other embodiments, the first image source may be at another angle (theoretically may be any angle, and may be designed based on the position of the first reflecting element 31), and by adding a corresponding refractive element, the required tilt angle requirement of the tilted image can be realized, and the display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure can reduce the mounting requirement for the first image source.

[0041] For example, the refractive element 2 is light-transmitting, and the refractive index of the refractive element 2 is different from that of air, for example, the refractive index of the refractive element 2 is greater than that of air (for example, greater than 1). For example, the material of the refractive element 2 may be at least one of an inorganic material, an organic material, and a composite material, for example, the inorganic material may include glass, quartz, etc., the organic material may include a polymer material such as a resin material, and the composite material may include polymethyl methacrylate doped with a metal oxide, etc. The material of the refractive element 2 is not limited to the materials listed above, and may be light-transmitting and may have a difference in refractive index from that of air.

[0042] For example, the light transmittance of the refractive element 2 to a light beam is 60% to 100%. For example, the light transmittance of the refractive element 2 to a light beam is 80% to 99%. For example, the light transmittance of the refractive element 2 to a light beam is 90% to 99%.

[0043] the above " The "optical distance over which the image light emitted from the first display area 110 propagates to the first reflecting element 31" means the product of the geometric path over which the image light emitted from the corresponding first display area 110 is emitted to the first reflecting element 31 and the refractive index of the propagation medium. When the refractive element 2 is provided, the geometric path of the image light emitted from the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31 includes a portion passing through the refractive element 2 and a portion passing through air, and the product of the portion of the geometric path of the image light passing through the refractive element 2 and the refractive index passing through the refractive element 2 may be the "added optical distance". Alternatively, the "added optical distance" may be defined as the product of the portion of the geometric path of the image light emitted from the first display area 110 propagating to the first reflecting element 31 that passes through the refractive element 2 and the refractive index difference obtained by subtracting the refractive index of air from the refractive index passing through the refractive element 2.

[0044] For example, the tilted image may mean that the display image has an angle that is not zero and not 90° with the surface (e.g., ground) on which the device (e.g., head-up display and / or transportation) is located while the user is using the display device, for example, the display image observed by the user in the observation area 5 has an angle that is not zero and not 90° with respect to the real-time ground, and the display image visually seen by the user is not a vertical image perpendicular to the ground while the user is using the display device, but is tilted. For example, the first virtual image 100 is tilted with respect to the ground. For example, the display content of the tilted image may include at least one of an image related to a road, such as a roadway indicator, a distance indicator, and a steering indicator, and the tilted image has a better ground contact effect (e.g., a better augmented reality fusion effect) and can better fuse the image with a real object in the outside world, enhancing the use experience of the display device to the user.

[0045] For example, the first reflective element 31 may be a curved reflector, for example, the curved reflector may be a concave reflector, in which case the reflective surface of the concave reflector is concave, for example, the surface close to the display area is an inner concave reflective surface. When the display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is used in a head-up display, the arrangement of the curved reflector allows the head-up display to have a farther imaging distance and a larger imaging size, and the curved reflector can further cooperate with a curved reflective imaging part (described later), for example, a windshield, to eliminate (remove) the distortion of the virtual image caused by the reflective imaging part.

[0046] for example, First reflective element 31 The reflective surface of the first reflective element 31 may be a freeform surface, for example the reflective surface of the first reflective element 31 does not have a rotationally symmetric property, which enhances the imaging quality of the display device.

[0047] 2A is a comparative schematic diagram of a case where a refractive element in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure refracts image light rays emitted from a display area of ​​an image source and a case where the image light rays emitted from the display area of ​​an image source are not refracted by a refractive element, and FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of an equivalent distance from a display surface of a first display area to a first reflecting element in FIG. 1. FIG. 2A takes a reference image source 301 and a refractive element 2′ as an example to interpret the function of the refractive element in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, and FIG. A The refractive element 2' in FIG. 1 1, except that the reference image source 301 does not indicate the tilt angle of the first image source 11. Figure 1 This corresponds to the first image source 11 in FIG. AAs shown in the left diagram of FIG. 2B, image light beams L1 and L2 emitted from point A on the display surface of the reference image source 301 are directly incident on the reflecting mirror without passing through the refractive element. Similarly, as shown in the right diagram of FIG. 2B, image light beams L3 and L4 emitted from point A on the display surface of the reference image source 301 are incident on the refractive element 2' and emitted from the surface of the refractive element 2' away from the reference image source 301. The surface of the refractive element 2' away from the reference image source 301 is the interface between the refractive element 2' and air, and since there is a difference between the refractive index of the refractive element 2' (the refractive index of air) and the refractive index of air (for example, larger than the refractive index of air), the image light beams are refracted at the interface. The refracted image light beams are emitted as image light beams L5 and L6 from the surface of the refractive element 2' away from the reference image source 301, respectively, and are incident on the reflecting mirror. For example, when the refractive element 2' is in close contact with the light output surface of the image source, the output angles of the image light beams L3 and L4 are the same as those of the image light beams L1 and L2, respectively (when there is an air gap between the refractive element 2' and the light output surface of the image source, the following principle is similar). In this case, the extensions of the image light beams L5 and L6 output from the surface of the refractive element 2' away from the reference image source 301 intersect at point O (for example, the two broken lines in FIG. 2A intersect at point O), and the surface on which the multiple O points corresponding to the multiple image light beams are located corresponds to an equivalent display surface, and the distance from point O to the reflecting mirror is the equivalent distance from the reference image source 301 to the reflecting mirror. Therefore, the equivalent distance can be regarded as the distance between the reflector and the position where the image source 301 is imaged through the last optical element (e.g., the refractive element 2' or the second reflecting element 321) before the first reflecting element 31 when there is an optical element between the image source 301 and the first reflecting element 31. Obviously, the distance from point O to the reflecting mirror is smaller than the distance from point A to the reflecting mirror, and when the refractive element 2' is provided, for example, the equivalent distance from the image source 301 to the reflecting mirror is smaller than the distance from the image source 301 (for example, point A) to the reflecting mirror when the refractive element 2' is not provided. By providing the refractive element 2', the distance from the display surface of the reference image source 301 to the reflecting mirror is reduced (for example, the equivalent distance is reduced) compared to the case where the refractive element 2' is not provided under the same conditions.In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, referring to Figures 1 and 2B together, the reflective surface of the first reflective element 31 includes a curved surface, for example, the first reflective element 31 is a curved mirror, and when there is an optical element, such as a refractive element 2, between the first image source 11 and the reflective surface of the first reflective element 31, the equivalent distance from the first image source 11 to the first reflective element 31 is the distance between the position where the image light emitted from the first image source 11 is imaged through the last optical element, such as the refractive element 2, in front of the first reflective element 31, and the optical center of the curved reflective surface of the first reflective element 31. Therefore, similarly, in the display device shown in Figure 1, when the refractive element 2 is provided, the equivalent distance from the display surface 20 of the first image source 11 to the first reflective element 31 is smaller than the distance from the display surface 20 of the first image source 11 to the first reflective element 31 when the refractive element 2 is not provided, which is equivalent to reducing the distance from the display surface 20 of the first image source 11 to the first reflective element 31 by providing the refractive element 2 compared to when the refractive element 2 is not provided. In a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the added optical distance gradually becomes smaller along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, so that the amount of reduction in the equivalent distance gradually becomes smaller along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, and therefore the equivalent distance from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 to the first reflective element 31 gradually becomes larger along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, so that it can be realized that the first virtual image 100 formed correspondingly by the image light rays emitted from at least a portion of the region is an inclined image.

[0048] 2B, taking the leftmost ray A1-A2-A3 emitted from the first display area 110 in FIG. 1 as an example, ray A1 is emitted from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 and ray A2 is obtained after being refracted at the interface between the refractive element 2 and the air, line segment O1O' is perpendicular to the reflecting surface of the second reflecting element 321, and point O1 is the intersection point between the reverse extension line of ray A2 and O1O'. The equivalent distance from the position where ray A1 on the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 is emitted from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31 is (M1O1+A3). Similarly, the equivalent distance from the position where the light ray B1 in FIG. 1 is emitted from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31 is (M2O2+B3). First display area 110 Display surface 20 The equivalent distance from the position where the light is emitted from the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31 is (M3O3+C3). (M3O3+C3)>(M2O2+B3)>(M1O1+A3). Here, using the above-mentioned three positions of the display surface of the first display area 110 as an example, it will be explained that when the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 does not need to be inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, the equivalent distance from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31 gradually increases along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, so that the first virtual image 100 can be the above-mentioned inclined image.

[0049] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the height of the far end of the first virtual image 100 is higher than the height of the near end of the first virtual image 100, and the first virtual image 100 meets the perspective relationship of the human eye. Compared with the case where the height of the near end of the tilted image is higher than the height of the far end, the height of the far end of the first virtual image 100 is higher than the height of the near end of the first virtual image 100, so that the user (e.g., the driver) can view the tilted image comfortably while driving. When the tilted first virtual image 100 is used to present, for example, a road sign on the ground, the road sign image observed by the user has a better ground contact effect, and the tilted first virtual image 100 can achieve a better visibility effect. For example, "height" here may mean height relative to the ground.

[0050] For example, in some embodiments, the height of the far end of the first virtual image 100 may be lower than the height of the near end of the first virtual image 100, which may be designed according to the needs of presenting different images.

[0051] For example, by adjusting the positional relationship between the first image source and the first reflecting element and adjusting the heights of the first and second ends of the display surface of at least a part of the region, the height of the far end of the first virtual image can be made higher than the height of the near end of the first virtual image. Note that the first end of the first display area 110 is also the first end of the display surface 20 of the first display area 110, and the second end of the first display area 110 is also the second end of the display surface 20 of the first display area 110.

[0052] 1, the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 is parallel to the horizontal direction, e.g., the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 is not inclined, e.g., the height of the first end e1 of the display surface 20 relative to the ground while the user is using the display device is equal to the height of the second end e2 of the display surface 20 relative to the ground while the user is using the display device. For example, in other embodiments, the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 may have a non-zero angle with the ground, e.g., may be inclined with respect to the ground, and the display surface 20 of the first display area 110, the refractive element 2, and the first reflecting element 31 may cooperate with each other to form the inclined first virtual image 100. For example, in another embodiment, the image light reflected by the first reflecting element 31 forms an inclined first virtual image 100 after being reflected by the windshield, for example, the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 and the above-mentioned refractive element 2, and the first reflecting element 31 and the windshield cooperate with each other to form the inclined first virtual image 100. For example, the second end e2 of the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 is farther away from the first reflecting element 31 than the first end e1 of the display surface 20, for example, the distance between the first end e1 of the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 and the first reflecting element 31 is smaller than the distance between the second end e2 of the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 and the first reflecting element 31. In addition, along the direction from the first end of the first display area 110 to the second end of the first display area 110, the optical distance along which the image light emitted from the first display area 110 enters the refractive element 2 and then exits from the refractive element 2 gradually becomes smaller, so that the equivalent distance from the second end e2 of the display surface 20 to the first reflecting element 31 is larger, for example, the height of the far end of the first virtual image 100 is higher than the height of the near end of the first virtual image 100.

[0053] For example, in some embodiments, the image light rays emitted from the first display area 110 and refracted by the refractive element 2 are directly incident on the first reflecting element 31 without passing through other reflecting elements, e.g., no optical element is provided between the entirety of the first image source 11 and the refractive element 2 and the first reflecting element 31. Also, for example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the display device further includes a second reflecting element 321 configured to reflect the image light rays emitted from the first display area 110 and refracted by the refractive element 2 to the first reflecting element 31, which reflects the image light rays incident on its reflective surface, and propagates the image light rays reflected by the first reflecting element 31 to the viewing area 5 to form the first virtual image 100.

[0054] For example, in other embodiments, the second reflective element 321 may be a flat reflector. For example, the second reflective element 321 may further be one or more of a curved reflector, such as a free-form reflector, an aspheric reflector, a spherical reflector, etc. The second reflective element 321 as shown in schematic form in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is a flat reflector. The flat reflector can be used to provide a folding effect on the light path in the display device to save space and to avoid further distortion and / or size change in the image displayed on the display device.

[0055] For example, as shown in FIG. 2B, the second reflective element 321 is located on the display side of the first image source 11, but not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the second reflective element may be located on the non-display side of the first image source, and other reflective structures direct the light emitted from the first image source toward the first reflective element. The first reflective element 31 is configured to reflect the image light reflected by the second reflective element 321 and propagated to the first reflective element 31. For example, the image light emitted from the first image source 11 is reflected by the second reflective element 321 to the first reflective element 31. For example, the first reflective element 31 is located on the side of the second reflective element 321 facing the first image source 11. For example, no optical element may be provided between the first reflecting element 31 and the second reflecting element 321, and the light reflected by the second reflecting element 321 may be directly incident on the first reflecting element 31, but this is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, further optical elements, such as a reflecting structure or a lens, may be provided between the first reflecting element and the second reflecting element, and the light after being processed by the further optical elements is incident on the first reflecting element.

[0056] For example, the display side of the first image source 11 refers to the side of the first image source 11 that emits light. Fig. 2B shows a case where the display device includes a second reflective element 321 and a first reflective element 31, but is not limited to this case. In some other embodiments, the display device may not include the second reflective element 321 and may only include the first reflective element 31. In this case, First display area 110 The image light emitted from and refracted by the refractive element 2 is directly incident on the first reflecting element 31 without being reflected by the second reflecting element 321 .

[0057] For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , along a direction from a first end e1 of the first display area 110 to a second end e2 of the first display area 110 (e.g., along a direction from a first end of at least a portion of the region to a second end of at least a portion of the region), the refractive index of the refractive element 2 is equal, and the thickness of the refractive element 2 along the main optical axis direction of the image light emitted from the at least a portion of the region gradually decreases, e.g., in at least one embodiment, the thickness of the refractive element 2 in a direction perpendicular to the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 gradually decreases, e.g., By gradually decreasing the optical distance along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 (e.g., at least a portion of the region) to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, during the process in which the image light emitted from the first display area 110 enters the refractive element 2 and exits from the refractive element 2, the equivalent distance of the display surface 20 in the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110 can be gradually adjusted to gradually increase the equivalent distance of the display surface 20 along that direction, thereby obtaining an inclined first virtual image 100.

[0058] For example, the term "chief light, chief ray, or optical axis" used herein means the center line or axis of a light beam, and may be considered to be the main direction in which the light beam propagates.

[0059] For example, in a direction from a first end of at least some of the regions to a second end e2 of at least some of the display areas, the thickness of the refractive element corresponding to at least some of the regions in a direction perpendicular to the display surface of at least some of the regions gradually decreases, meaning that the thickness decreases monotonically, for example, decreases linearly or decreases nonlinearly.

[0060] For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, since the refractive index of the refractive element 2 is equal along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, the entire refractive element 2 may be made of the same material, e.g., be of an integrated structure.

[0061] For example, as shown in Fig. 1, the surface 21 of the refractive element 2 away from the first image source 11 is a plane, and thus the change of the surface 21 of the refractive element 2 away from the first image source 11 in the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110 can be gradually uniform, so that the tilt degree of each position of the first virtual image 100 is consistent, and the occurrence of phenomena such as local excessive curvature of the tilted screen can be prevented, and the user's viewing experience is better. For example, in another embodiment, the surface 21 of the refractive element 2 away from the first image source 11 can be a curved surface, for example, the thickness of the refractive element 2 in the direction perpendicular to the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 can be gradually reduced.

[0062] For example, the exit surface of the refractive element 2 is curved, e.g., the surface of the refractive element 2 facing away from the first image source 11 is a convex curved surface. For example, when the image light is emitted by the refractive element 2 including the curved exit surface, the shape of the virtual image formed on the display device changes, e.g., when the display device is used in a head-up display, the virtual image observed by the user in the observation area is curved, e.g., the curved concave surface faces the user, and the part of the virtual image close to the ground can display instructions related to roads, and the curved part (part of the virtual image facing away from the ground) can display other contents, e.g., POI information on both sides.

[0063] For example, when the surface 21 of the refractive element 2 facing away from the first image source 11 is flat, the surface 21 of the refractive element 2 facing away from the first image source 11 and the display surface of the first display area 110 have a first angle, which is 1° to 60°, for example 5° to 15°, so that the inclined first virtual image 100 has an appropriate inclination angle, for example, the angle between the first virtual image 100 and the ground is 5° to 90°, which has a better ground contact effect, and the user has a better experience of viewing the inclined screen when driving a driving device using the display device.

[0064] 1, the orthogonal projection of the refractive element 2 onto the display surface of the first display area 110 is located within the first display area 110, for example, the orthogonal projection of the refractive element 2 onto the display surface of the first display area 110 is located within at least a partial region. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the orthogonal projection of the refractive element 2 onto the first display area 110 covers the entire first display area 110, for example, the orthogonal projection of the refractive element 2 onto the first display area 110 covers the entire at least a partial region, thereby allowing the image light emitted from the first display area 110 to be directly incident on the refractive element 2, improving light efficiency.

[0065] 1, the refractive element 2 is attached to the first display area 110 (e.g., at least a part of the area), and the refractive element 2 is in close contact with the first display area 110, for example, directly or by optical adhesive, and there is essentially no air gap between the refractive element 2 and the first display area 110. In this way, the image light emitted from the first display area 110 is directly incident on the refractive element 2 without passing through the air gap, which is more advantageous for improving the light efficiency.

[0066] Or, in some other embodiments, the refractive element includes a portion that is attached to the first display area 110 (eg, at least a portion of the area) and a portion that is spaced apart from the first display area 110 (eg, at least a portion of the area).

[0067] For example, a support member may be provided between the first display area 110 and the refractive element 2, and the support member may be a light-transmitting thin plate, such as a thin glass plate, covering the first display area 110, the support member being in close contact with the first display area 110, the refractive element 2 being in close contact with the support member, and the first display area 110 and the refractive element 2 being in close contact with both sides of the support member, respectively, thereby preventing the heavy refractive element 2 from damaging the first display area 110 and improving the stability of use of the device.

[0068] For example, the display device further includes a fixing structure (not shown) configured to fix the refractive element 2. For example, the fixing structure is located on an edge of the first image source 11 and includes, for example, a locking groove or a locking device for fixing a side edge of the refractive element 2. Alternatively, the refractive element 2 is attached to the first image source 11.

[0069] For example, in some embodiments, the refractive index of the refractive element along the principal optical axis direction of the image light emitted from at least some of the regions (e.g., first display area 110) gradually decreases along a direction from a first end of at least some of the regions (e.g., first display area 110) to a second end of at least some of the regions (e.g., first display area 110).

[0070] Illustratively, Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment shown in Fig. 3 has the following differences from the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. For example, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the refractive index of the refractive element 2 gradually decreases, for example, linearly or nonlinearly, along a direction from a first end e1 of the first display area 110 (for example, at least a portion of the region) to a second end e2 of the first display area 110, and in this case, for example, the thickness of the refractive element 2 in a direction perpendicular to the display surface 20 of at least a portion of the region is equal. In this way, it is possible to realize that the optical distance of the image light emitted from the first display area 110 in the process of entering the refractive element 2 and exiting from the refractive element 2 gradually decreases along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 (e.g., at least a portion of the region) to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, and the equivalent distance of the display surface 20 in the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110 is gradually adjusted to gradually increase the equivalent distance of the display surface 20 along that direction, thereby obtaining an inclined first virtual image 100.

[0071] Other features of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 are the same as those in FIG. 1, reference should be made to the description of FIG. 1 and will not be further described here.

[0072] Also, for example, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 have the following differences. As shown in FIG. 6, the first display area 110 includes a first sub-display area 111 and a second sub-display area 112, and at least a part of the area is the first sub-display area 111. For example, the image light emitted from the first sub-display area 111 enters the refractive element 2 and is propagated to the first reflecting element 31 after being refracted at the interface between the refractive element 2 and air, and the first reflecting element 31 is configured to reflect the image light emitted from the first sub-display area 111, reflected by the second reflecting element 321 after passing through the refractive element 2, and propagated to the first reflecting element 31, and the image light is finally propagated to the observation area 5 to form the first virtual image 100. Moreover, the image light emitted from the second sub-displaying area 112 is incident on the first reflecting element 31 without being refracted by the refractive element 2, and the first reflecting element 31 is further configured to reflect the image light emitted from the second sub-displaying area 112 and incident on the first reflecting element 31 to the observation area 5 to form the second virtual image 200. The propagation distances of the image light emitted from the second sub-displaying area from each position on the display surface of the second sub-displaying area 112 to the first reflecting element 31 are equal, and the second virtual image 200 and the first virtual image 100 have a second angle that is not zero. For example, the first virtual image 100 is an inclined image, and the second virtual image 200 is a vertical image, thereby realizing that a local portion of the display image of the first display area 110 is an inclined image. For example, the angle between the second virtual image 200 and the ground is greater than the angle between the first virtual image 100 and the ground.

[0073] For example, the second virtual image 200 being a vertical image means that the second virtual image 200 is perpendicular to the horizontal direction, and for example, the second virtual image 200 is basically perpendicular to the ground, and the angle between the second virtual image 200 and the ground is 90°±10°. When the angle between the second virtual image 200 and the ground is 80° to 100°, the second virtual image 200 and the ground are considered to be basically perpendicular. The horizontal direction means a direction parallel to the ground on which the traffic device using the head-up display runs, or a direction in which the traffic device using the head-up display runs. For example, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first virtual image is not limited to being along the inclination direction and the second virtual image is not limited to being along the vertical direction.

[0074] Compared with the case where the image light emitted from the first display area 110 is not refracted by the refractive element 2 before being incident on the first reflecting element 31, in this embodiment, the object distance from the display surface 20 of the entire first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31 is equal, and along the direction from the first end e1 of the first sub-displaying area 111 to the second end e2 of the first sub-displaying area 111, the degree to which the refractive element 2 reduces the equivalent object distance from the display surface of the first sub-displaying area 111 to the first reflecting element 31 gradually decreases, so that along the direction from the first end e1 of the first sub-displaying area 111 to the second end e2 of the first sub-displaying area 111, the equivalent object distance from the display surface of the first sub-displaying area 111 to the first reflecting element 31 gradually increases, and the principle by which the refractive element 2 and the first sub-displaying area 111 cooperate to realize tilt imaging is the same as that in FIG. 1.

[0075] For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the orthogonal projection of the refractive element 2 onto the first display area 110 is located within the first sub-display area 111, thereby allowing the image light rays emitted from the first sub-display area 111 to be more directly incident on the refractive element 2, thereby improving light efficiency.

[0076] For example, the display surface of the first sub-display area 111 and the display surface of the second sub-display area 112 are on the same plane or not on the same plane. For example, the display content of the second virtual image 200 and the display content of the first virtual image 100 are independent of each other or related to each other. For example, the second virtual image 200 and the first virtual image 100 are different images or different parts of the same image. For example, the optical distance from the first sub-display area 111 to the reflective surface of the first reflecting element 31 and the optical distance from the second sub-display area 112 to the reflective surface of the first reflecting element 31 are different, so that the center of the first virtual image 100 generated by the image light emitted from the first sub-display area 111 does not overlap with the center of the second virtual image 200 generated by the image light emitted from the second sub-display area 112.

[0077] For example, the above-mentioned "optical distance" means the product of the propagation path of the image light emitted from the corresponding display area to the first reflecting element and the refractive index of the propagation medium. For example, the geometric path of the image light emitted from the first sub-display area 111 to the first reflecting element 31 includes a part passing through the refractive element 2 and a part passing through air.

[0078] For example, the second sub-displaying area 112 is located on a side of the first sub-displaying area 111 away from the first reflective element 31, and the second virtual image 200 is located on a side of the first virtual image 100 away from the observation area 5. Or, in other embodiments, the second sub-displaying area 112 is located on a side of the first sub-displaying area 111 closer to the first reflective element 31, and the second virtual image 200 is located on a side of the first virtual image 100 closer to the observation area 5, which may be designed according to needs.

[0079] Other features of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 are the same as those in FIG. 1, and reference may be made to the description therefor, and will not be further described here.

[0080] For example, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 have the following differences. As shown in FIG. 5, the refractive element 2 is separated from the first display area 110 (e.g., at least a part of the area) in a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the first display area 110. For example, an air layer exists between the refractive element 2 and the display surface of the first display area 110, and image light rays emitted from the first display area 110, such as light rays A0, B0, and C0, are incident on the refractive element 2 after passing through the air layer, and the light rays A0, B0, and C0 are refracted at a surface 21 of the refractive element 2 that is away from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 to obtain light rays A1, B1, and C1. As shown by light rays A2, B2 and C2, and light rays A3, B3 and C3, the refracted image light rays exit from the surface 21 of the refractive element 2 that is away from the display surface of the first display area 110, and are incident on the first reflecting element 31.

[0081] For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 , the lower surface of the refractive element 2 close to the first image source 11 is parallel to the display surface 20 of the first display area 110, while in other embodiments, the lower surface of the refractive element 2 close to the first image source 11 may not be parallel to the display surface 20 of the first display area 110. In this case, along the direction from the first end e1 of the at least a portion of the region to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, image rays of the same angle emitted from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 enter the refractive element 2 from the lower surface of the refractive element 2 close to the first image source 11 and then leave the first image source 11 of the refractive element 2. above The optical path of the image ray emitted from the surface may be gradually reduced, for example, continuously reduced, for example, the refractive index of the refractive element 2 is equal along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, and the thickness of the refractive element 2 along the main optical axis direction of the image ray emitted from the first display area 110 is gradually reduced, for example, linearly reduced and then nonlinearly reduced, or in some embodiments, along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110. , bend Folding element 2 Refractive index becomes gradually smaller, for example, linearly and then nonlinearly smaller, in which case, for example, the thickness of the refractive element 2 along the direction of the main optical axis of the image light emitted from the first display area 110 is equal. Alternatively, along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, the thickness and the refractive index of the refractive element 2 along the direction of the main optical axis of the image light emitted from the first display area 110 change non-monotonically, and along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, the image light with the same angle emitted from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 is incident on the refractive element 2 from the lower surface close to the first image source 11 of the refractive element 2 and then moves away from the first image source 11 of the refractive element 2. above It is only necessary that the optical path gradually decreases in the process of light being emitted from the surface.

[0082] Other features of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 are the same as those in FIG. 1, and reference may be made to the description of FIG.

[0083] For example, Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment shown in Fig. 6 has the following differences from the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. As shown in Fig. 6, the refractive element 2 includes a plurality of sub-refractive elements stacked in a direction perpendicular to the display surface 20 of the first display area 110. For example, the refractive element 2 includes a first sub-refractive element 2a and a second sub-refractive element 2b adjacent to each other. For example, the first sub-refractive element 2a and the second sub-refractive element 2b are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 and contact each other. For example, along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, the optical distance of the image light emitted from the first display area 110 during the process of the image light being incident on an overall structure (e.g., the entire second refractive element 2) consisting of a plurality of stacked sub-refractive elements and then being emitted from the overall structure gradually becomes smaller, so that along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110 (which may be along the direction away from the first reflecting element 31 in this embodiment), the degree of reduction in the object distance from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31 gradually becomes smaller, and the equivalent object distance from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31 along that direction gradually becomes larger, resulting in an inclined first virtual image 100.

[0084] For example, the materials of the multiple sub-refractive elements may be different so as to have different refractive indices, for example, the first sub-refractive element 2a and the second sub-refractive element 2b are made of different materials and have different refractive indices. By using the embodiment in which the refractive element 2 includes multiple stacked sub-refractive elements, the refractive index of the refractive element 2 can be flexibly adjusted to meet various refractive index requirements, compensate for the lack of refractive index range of a single-layer refractive element made of a single material, and expand the adjustment range of the image light beam emitted from the first display area 110.

[0085] For example, in some embodiments, as shown in Fig. 6, the refractive index of the entire refractive element 2 made of a plurality of sub-refractive elements arranged in a stack along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110 is equal, and the thickness of the entire refractive element 2 made of a plurality of sub-refractive elements arranged in a stack in the direction perpendicular to the display surface of the first display area 110 gradually decreases. In this case, for example, among the plurality of sub-refractive elements 2, First display area 110 The furthest sub-refractive element 2 a is A surface 21 away from the display surface 20 of the first display area 110 and surface 21 is It may be a flat surface or a curved surface, and for details, please refer to the previous description.

[0086] Or, in some other embodiments, the refractive index of the entire refractive element 2 consisting of the plurality of sub-refractive elements arranged in a stacked manner gradually decreases along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, and the thickness of the entire refractive element 2 consisting of the plurality of sub-refractive elements arranged in a stacked manner in the direction perpendicular to the display surface of the second sub-display area 112 is equal. For example, the refractive indexes of the plurality of sub-refractive elements stacked may be different, and for example, for a first sub-refractive element and a second sub-refractive element included in the refractive element 2 that are stacked and adjacent to each other in the direction perpendicular to the display surface of the second sub-display area 112, the refractive index of the first sub-refractive element may be smaller than the refractive index of the second sub-refractive element, and the thickness of the first sub-refractive element in the direction perpendicular to the display surface of the second sub-display area 112 gradually increases along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110, and the thickness of the first sub-refractive element in the direction perpendicular to the display surface of the second sub-display area 112 may be equal to the thickness of the entire refractive element 2 consisting of the plurality of sub-refractive elements stacked in the direction perpendicular to the display surface of the second sub-display area 112. The thickness of the second sub-refractive element in the direction perpendicular to the display surface of the second sub-display area 112 gradually decreases, and the shape of the surface of the first sub-refractive element that contacts the second sub-refractive element is complementary to the shape of the surface of the second sub-refractive element that contacts the first sub-refractive element, so that the refractive index of the entire structure made of the plurality of refractive elements stacked along the direction from the first end e1 of the first display area 110 to the second end e2 of the first display area 110 gradually decreases, and the thickness of the entire structure made of the plurality of refractive elements stacked in the direction perpendicular to the display surface of the second sub-display area 112 is equal. For example, there may be other forms for realizing this aspect, and the above is merely an example.

[0087] Other features of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 are the same as those of FIG. 1, and reference should be made to the description of FIG.

[0088] 7 is a schematic diagram of another display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 has the following differences from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2A. As shown in FIG. 7, the display device further includes a second image source 12 including a second display area 120, and the image light emitted from the second display area 120 is propagated to the first reflecting element 31, for example, the image light emitted from the second display area 120 and propagated to the first reflecting element 31 forms a third virtual image 300 different from the first virtual image 100, and the optical distance from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflecting element 31 and the optical distance from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31 are not equal, thereby making the distance of the third virtual image 300 from the user different from the distance of the first virtual image 100, thereby realizing multi-layer display. The display surface of the first display area 110 and the display surface of the second display area 120 may be parallel to each other, for example, the display surface of the first display area 110 and the display surface of the second display area 120 may be parallel to the horizontal direction. For example, the angle between the third virtual image 300 and the ground is larger than the angle between the first virtual image 100 and the ground.

[0089] For example, the optical distance from the display surface to the first reflective element 31 may be the optical distance from the center of the display surface to the center (e.g., optical center) of the first reflective element 31. For example, the optical distance from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflective element 31 may be the optical distance from the center of the display surface of the first display area 110 to the center of the first reflective element 31. The optical distance from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflective element 31 may be the optical distance from the center of the display surface of the second display area 120 to the center of the first reflective element 31.

[0090] For example, the third virtual image 300 may be a virtual image that is not completely the same as the first virtual image 100, for example, the two virtual images differ in at least one of the position, size, tilt degree, and screen content.

[0091] For example, no refractive element is provided for the second image source 12, and the image light emitted from the second display area 120 of the second image source 12 propagates to the first reflecting element 31 without passing through the refractive element, and the third virtual image 300 is a vertical image, for example, the third virtual image 300 is perpendicular to the horizontal direction, for example, perpendicular to the horizontal direction. The horizontal direction may mean a direction perpendicular to the plane on which the observation area 5 is located, or a direction parallel to the ground on which the traffic device using the head-up display runs, or a direction in which the traffic device using the head-up display runs. For example, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the first virtual image being along the inclination direction and the third virtual image being along the vertical direction. For example, in some other embodiments, the first virtual image is aligned along the inclination direction and the third virtual image is aligned along the vertical direction. 3 In order for the virtual image to be an inclined virtual image, the second display area may be disposed at an angle and have a non-zero angle with the display surface of the first display area 11, for example as shown in FIG. 3 Since the virtual image is also an inclined virtual image, the second image source 12 may be provided with a similar refractive element as that provided corresponding to the first image source 11. The angle of each image in the multi-layer display may be designed according to demand, and is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0092] 7 , the display device further includes a third reflective element 322, which is configured to transmit image light rays emitted from the second display area 120 to the first reflective element 31 after being reflected by the third reflective element 322. In other embodiments, there may be no other optical element between the second display area 120 and the first reflective element 31, for example, the third reflective element 322 may not be provided, and the image light rays emitted from the second display area 120 may be directly incident on the first reflective element 31. In addition, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 7 , there are no other optical elements between the second display area 120 and the third reflecting element 322, and the image light emitted from the second display area 120 is directly incident on the third reflecting element 322; however, the present disclosure is not limited to this, and other optical elements, such as lenses, may be further provided between the second display area 120 and the third reflecting element 322, and for example, the image light emitted from the second display area 120 may be incident on the third reflecting element 322 after being processed by other optical elements.

[0093] For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , the first display area 110 is located on the side of the second display area 120 away from the first reflective element 31, and the third reflective element 322 is located on the side of the second reflective element 321 away from the first reflective element 31, or the first display area 110 is located on the side of the second display area 120 closer to the first reflective element 31, and the third reflective element 322 is located on the side of the second reflective element 321 closer to the first reflective element 31.

[0094] In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, by adjusting the distance between the second reflective element 321 and the first display area 110 and the first reflective element 31, and the distance between the third reflective element 322 and the second display area 120 and the first reflective element 31, it is possible to realize that the distance from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflective element 31 is not equal to the distance from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflective element 31 (or that the propagation distance of the image light emitted from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflective element 31 is not equal to the propagation distance of the image light emitted from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflective element 31), and that the optical distances of the image light emitted from the first display area 110 and the second display area 120 and propagated to the first reflective element 31 are different.

[0095] For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the reflecting surface of the first reflecting element 31 is a curved surface, and the reflecting surfaces of the second reflecting element 321 and the third reflecting element 322 are flat surfaces.

[0096] For example, in order to meet the needs of a user to view different images, the first display area 110 and the second display area 120 may display different images, but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and for example, some of the at least two display areas may display the same image.

[0097] For other features and technical advantages of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, please refer to the previous description of FIG.

[0098] 8 is a schematic diagram of another display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment shown in FIG. 8 has the following differences from the embodiment shown in FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 8, the display device includes: 5th Image Source 15 and a fifth reflective element 323, 5th Image Source 15 teeth, 5th display area 140 Including, 5th display area 140The display surface of the second display area 120 and the display surface of the first display area 110 have a third non-zero angle. The third reflective element 322 is configured to reflect image light rays emanating from the second display area 120 to the first reflective element 31, and the fifth reflective element 323 is configured to 5th display area 140 The reflector 30 is configured to reflect image light emitted from the first reflecting element 31.

[0099] For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the distance from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflecting element 31, 5th display area 140 The distance from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflecting element 31 is not equal (or the propagation distance of the image light emitted from the display surface of the second display area 120 from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflecting element 31 is not equal). 5th display area 140 The image light emitted from the display surface of 5th display area 140 The propagation distances from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflecting element 31 are not equal, and therefore the distances from the user of the third virtual image 300 and the fifth virtual image 500 formed by reflection from the first reflecting element 31 are different. 5th display area 140 The image light emitted from the second display area 120 is reflected by the third reflecting element 322 and the fifth reflecting element 323 to the first reflecting element 31, respectively, and in the reflected light path, 5th display area 140 In some other embodiments, in order to realize one-layer display, the propagation distance of the image light emitted from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflecting element 31 may be equal to the propagation distance of the image light emitted from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31, for example, the distance of the third virtual image 300 from the user and the distance of the fifth virtual image 500 from the user are the same, in which case the optical distances of the image light emitted from the second display area 120 and the first display area 110 and propagated to the first reflecting element 31 are the same.

[0100] For example, in FIG. 5th display area 140The display surface of the second display area 120 is parallel to the display surface of the first display area 120. 5th display area 140 The display surface of the fifth reflecting element 323 and the virtual image formed by the image light emitted from the second display area 120 being reflected by the second reflecting element 322 are approximately parallel. For example, the angle between the reflecting surface of the fifth reflecting element 323 and the reflecting surface of the third reflecting element 322 is not larger than 20°. 5th display area 140 The parallelism of the virtual image formed by the image light emitted from the second display area 120 being reflected by the first reflecting element is better. 5th display area 140 When the display surface of the fifth reflective element 323 and the display surface of the second display area 120 are parallel to each other, the angle between the reflective surface of the fifth reflective element 323 and the reflective surface of the third reflective element 322 may be greater than 20°. In this case, 5th display area 140 and the virtual image formed by the image light emitted from the second display area 120 being reflected by the first reflecting element 31 have a non-zero angle. For example, when the reflecting surface of the fifth reflecting element 323 and the reflecting surface of the third reflecting element 322 are parallel to each other, 5th display area 140 The angle between the display surface of the first display area 120 and the display surface of the second display area 120 does not have to be greater than 20°.

[0101] For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the angle between the reflective surface of the third reflecting element 322 and the reflective surface of the fifth reflecting element 323 is not greater than 15°. For example, the angle between the reflective surface of the third reflecting element 322 and the reflective surface of the fifth reflecting element 323 is not greater than 10°. For example, the angle between the reflective surface of the third reflecting element 322 and the reflective surface of the fifth reflecting element 323 is not greater than 5°. For example, the angle between the reflective surface of the third reflecting element 322 and the reflective surface of the fifth reflecting element 323 is 0°. For example, the reflective surface of the third reflecting element 322 and the reflective surface of the fifth reflecting element 323 may be provided in parallel.

[0102] For example, the third reflective element 322 and the fifth reflective element 323 may be planar reflective mirrors, and the above statement "the angle between the reflective surface of the third reflective element 322 and the reflective surface of the fifth reflective element 323 is not greater than 15°" may mean that the angle between the two planar reflective surfaces is not greater than 15°.

[0103] For example, the third reflective element 322 and the fifth reflective element 323 may further be one or more of a curved reflective mirror, an aspherical reflective mirror, a spherical reflective mirror, etc., and the above ``the angle between the reflective surface of the third reflective element 322 and the reflective surface of the fifth reflective element 323 is not greater than 15°'' may mean that the angle between the planes surrounded by the edges of the reflective surfaces is not greater than 15°.

[0104] For example, the third reflective element 322 and the fifth reflective element 323 may be the same type of reflective mirror or different types of reflective mirror, and the third reflective element 322 and the fifth reflective element 323 as shown in the schematic diagram in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure may both be flat reflective mirrors. The flat reflective mirrors can facilitate the fabrication of the display device, provide a folding effect on the optical path in the display device to save space, and avoid further distortion, size change, etc. of the image displayed on the display device.

[0105] For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the second display area 120 and 5th display area 140 The second display area 120 and the fifth display area 121 may be located on the same plane, and the second display area 120 and the fifth display area 121 may be located on the same plane by adjusting the positions and angles of the third reflective element 322 and the fifth reflective element 323. 5th display area 140 It is possible to realize that the optical distances of the image light rays emitted from the second display area 120 and propagating to the first reflecting element 31 are different. The embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, for example, the second display area and the fifth display area may be located on different planes, and the third reflecting element and the fifth reflecting element are located on the same plane (or different planes), and the distance from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflecting element 31 and 5th display area 140 The distances from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflective element 31 are not equal. 5th display area 140 The propagation distances of the image light rays emitted from the first reflecting element 31 and propagating to the first reflecting element 31 are different, and different optical paths can be realized.

[0106] In the display device shown in FIG. 8, the distance from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31, the distance from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflecting element 31, 5th display area 140 The distances from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31 are not equal to each other, and the propagation distance of the image light emitted from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflecting element 31, the propagation distance of the image light emitted from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflecting element 31, 5th display area 140 The image light emitted from the display surface of 5th display area 140 It is considered that the propagation distances from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflective element 31 are not equal to each other, so that imaging can be performed at different distances from the observation area 5, which is more favorable for matching and fusing images at different distances with real scenes at different distances, so that when the display device is used in a head-up display, the user does not need to repeatedly switch between images at a fixed distance and real scenes at different distances, which avoids the collision of visual convergence accommodation and improves the use experience of the display device. In this case, for example, the first display area 110, the second display area 120 and 5th display area 140 The optical distances of the image rays emitted from the second reflective element 321 and the first display area 110 and the first reflective element 31, the distance between the third reflective element 322 and the second display area 120 and the first reflective element 31, and the distance between the fifth reflective element 323 and the first reflective element 31 are different from each other. 5th display area 140 and the first reflective element 31, it is possible to realize that the distances from the display surfaces of the three display areas to the first reflective element 31 are unequal to each other, the propagation distances of the image light rays emitted from the display surfaces of the three display areas from the corresponding display surfaces to the first reflective element 31 are unequal to each other, and the optical distances of the image light rays emitted from the three display areas and respectively propagated to the first reflective element 31 are different from each other.

[0107] For example, the first virtual image 100 shown diagrammatically in FIG. 8 is an inclined virtual image, and the distance between the first virtual image 100 and the observation area 5 is greater than the distance between the fifth virtual image 500 and the observation area 5 and is smaller than the distance between the third virtual image 300 and the observation area 5. For example, the first virtual image 100 is located between the fifth virtual image 500 and the third virtual image 300, but is not limited thereto. The inclined virtual image may be the virtual image that is farthest from the observation area, or the virtual image that is closest to the observation area, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0108] For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the first virtual image 110 is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, e.g., has a non-zero and non-perpendicular angle with the horizontal direction, and the third virtual image 300 and the fifth virtual image 500 are perpendicular with respect to the horizontal direction, e.g., perpendicular to the horizontal direction. The horizontal direction may mean a direction perpendicular to a plane on which the observation area 5 is located, or may mean a direction parallel to the ground on which the traffic device using the head-up display runs. For example, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to the first virtual image being along the inclination direction and the second virtual image and the fifth virtual image being along the vertical direction. For example, one of the second virtual image and the fifth virtual image may be an inclined virtual image, e.g., along a direction from the virtual image to the observation area, the virtual image is inclined toward the observation area. For example, in some other embodiments, at least one of the display surface of the second display area and the display surface of the fifth display area may be provided at an incline, e.g., the first display area 11 shown in FIG. 0 The virtual image formed by the light rays emitted from at least one of the second and fifth display areas is a tilted image due to the tilted configuration having the same angle or a different angle with respect to the display surface of the second image source 12 and the fifth display area. 5th Image Source 15 A similar refractive element corresponding to the first image source 1 may be provided for at least one of the second and fifth display areas, whereby the virtual image formed by the light rays emanating from at least one of the second and fifth display areas is an oblique image.

[0109] For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the second display area 120 and 5th display area 140may be display areas at different positions on the same image source, for example, by dividing the same screen into different regions for display, thus saving space and cost. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and in some other embodiments, the second display area and the fifth display area may be located on different image sources, for example, the screens of the different image sources may be closely adjacent to each other, for example, the display surfaces of the different image sources are parallel to each other, such as the second display area and the fifth display area are parallel to each other, and the image light rays emitted from the two display areas can be prevented from affecting each other by increasing the distance between the different image sources.

[0110] For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the second display area 120 and 5th display area 140 A light-shielding structure 6 is provided between the display areas 1 and 2 to prevent image light rays emitted from different display areas from affecting each other. For example, the light-shielding structure 6 may be a light-shielding plate.

[0111] For example, the second image source 12 or 5th Image Source 15 may include, but is not limited to, the light blocking structure 6, the light blocking structure being connected to the second image source 12 or 5th Image Source 15 For example, the light blocking structure 6 may be a structure other than the second image source 12 or 5th Image Source 15 1, for example the second image source 12 or 5th Image Source 15 The light blocking structure 6 is at least provided / attached / attached (e.g., may be attached, fixed, tightly attached, glued or adsorbed, etc.) to the display screen of the second image source 12, 5th Image Source 15 It is located at the point of contact with

[0112] For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the third reflective element 322 and the fifth reflective element 323 may be two reflective elements that are independent of each other for ease of adjusting both independently.

[0113] For example, the second reflective element 321, the third reflective element 322 and the fifth reflective element 323 may be the same type of reflective mirror or different types of reflective mirrors, and the second reflective element 321, the third reflective element 322 and the fifth reflective element 323 illustrated in schematic form in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure may all be planar reflective mirrors.

[0114] For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5th display area 140 The first display area 120 may display a close-up view, such as important driving data, e.g., vehicle gauges, and one or more of parameters, e.g., vehicle speed, oil level, steering, etc., and the second display area 120 may display a distant view, e.g., buildings, etc. For example, the distant view displayed in the second display area 120 may include a Point of Interest (POI) icon, e.g., an image may include a bank logo, and the bank logo image may be matched and merged with the position of the bank real view, and when the user can see a distant building, e.g., a bank, the bank logo is marked on the display screen.

[0115] For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5th display area 140 is configured to display a close-up screen, the display contents of which may be important driving parameters such as vehicle instruments, and the size of the close-up screen displayed thereby may be small. The second display area 120 is configured to display a distant screen, the display contents of which may be matched and blended with an actual scene outside the vehicle, such as an actual scene of a building, and the size of the distant screen displayed thereby is larger than the size of the close-up screen. For example, a small close-up screen does not block a large distant screen.

[0116] For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5th display area 140 The display surface of the second display area 120 is parallel to the display surface of the first display area 120. 5th display area 140 The display surface of the first display area 110 and the display surface of the second display area 120 may be parallel to the display surface of the first display area 110. For example, the display surface of the first display area 110, the display surface of the second display area 120, and 5th display area 140The display surfaces of the third and fifth reflecting elements 322 and 323 may be parallel to the horizontal direction. The angle between the reflecting surface of the third reflecting element 322 and the reflecting surface of the fifth reflecting element 323 is not greater than 20°. 5th display area 140 The angle between the display surface of the first display area 110 and the display surface of the second display area 110 is 5° to 90°. 5th display area 140 a fifth virtual image 500 formed by the image light rays displayed on the display surface of the second display area 120 being reflected by the first reflecting element 31; Approximately parallel to the third virtual image 300 The image light beam displayed in the first display area 110 is reflected by the first reflecting element 31 to form a first virtual image 100. and the fifth display area 140 The image light emitted from each The first virtual image 100 and the fifth virtual image 500 formed by reflection by the first reflecting element 31 are not parallel to each other, and the angle between the first virtual image 100 and the fifth virtual image 500 may be, for example, 5° to 90°.

[0117] For other features and technical advantages of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, please refer to the previous description for FIG.

[0118] 9 is a schematic diagram of another display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment shown in FIG. 9 has the following differences from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 9, for example, the display device further includes a third image source 13 and a transmission element 8, where the third image source 13 includes a third display area 130, and a display surface of the third display area 130 and a display surface of the first display area 110 have a third non-zero angle, and the transmission element 8 is located on a side of the refractive element 2 away from the first image source 11, and is configured to transmit image light rays emitted from the first display area 110 to the first reflection element 31 and to reflect image light rays emitted from the third display area 130. In addition, the image light emitted from the third display area 130 is reflected by the transmission element 8 and then propagated to the first reflection element, and the image light emitted from the third display area 130 and propagated to the first reflection element 31 forms a fourth virtual image 400 different from the first virtual image 100, and the first virtual image 100 and the fourth virtual image 400 at least partially overlap each other. For example, the first virtual image 100 and the fourth virtual image 400 seen by the user's eyes in the observation area 5 at least partially overlap each other, and the first virtual image 100 and the fourth virtual image 400 can be coaxial. For example, the path of the image light that forms the first virtual image 100 and is directly incident on the observation area 5 and the path of the image light that forms the fourth virtual image 400 and is directly incident on the observation area 5 basically overlap each other, and the first virtual image 100 and the fourth virtual image 400 can be coaxial. For example, the viewing angles (eg, overhead angle, planar viewing angle, and angle between the user's line of sight and the horizontal direction) at which the user's eyes view the first virtual image 100 and the fourth virtual image 400 in the observation area 5 are basically the same.

[0119] For example, by adjusting the refractive indices of the materials of the transmissive element 8 and the refractive element 2, the magnitude of the first angle between the surface 21 of the refractive element 2 facing away from the first image source 11 and the display surface 20 of the first display area 110, the angle between the transmissive element 8 and the display surface of the third display area 130, the distance between the transmissive element 8 and the display surface of the first display area 110, and the distance between the transmissive element 8 and the display surface of the third display area 130, a light ray obtained by transmitting the light ray B emitted from the first display area 110 by the transmissive element 8 and a light ray obtained by reflecting the light ray A emitted from the third display area 130 by the transmissive element 8 partially overlap each other to obtain a light ray AB, which propagates to the first reflecting element 31 and is reflected by the first reflecting element 31, so that the first virtual image 100 formed by the light ray B reflected by the first reflecting element 31 and the fourth virtual image 400 formed by the light ray A reflected by the first reflecting element 31 at least partially overlap each other.

[0120] For example, the projection of the first virtual image 100 onto the plane on which the fourth virtual image 400 is located is within the range of the fourth virtual image 400. For example, the projection of the first virtual image 100 seen by the user's eyes in the observation area 5 onto the plane on which the fourth virtual image 400 is located is 4th virtual image 400 or the projection of the fourth virtual image 400 onto the plane on which the first virtual image 100 is located is within the range of the first virtual image 100, for example, the projection of the fourth virtual image 400 seen by the user's eyes in the observation area 5 onto the plane on which the first virtual image 100 is located is within the range of the first virtual image 100.

[0121] For example, the center of the first virtual image 100, the center of the fourth virtual image 400, and the center of the eye box region are located on the same straight line, and the center of the first virtual image 100 and the center of the fourth virtual image 400 seen by the user's eyes in the observation area 5 overlap.

[0122] For example, by adjusting the angle between the transparent element 8 and the display surface of the first display area 110, the angle between the transparent element 8 and the display surface of the third display area 130, the distance between the transparent element 8 and the display surface of the first display area 110, and the distance between the transparent element 8 and the display surface of the third display area 130, it is possible to realize that the projection of the first virtual image 100 onto the plane on which the fourth virtual image 400 is located is within the range of the fourth virtual image 400, or the projection of the fourth virtual image 400 onto the plane on which the first virtual image 100 is located is within the range of the first virtual image 100, or the center of the first virtual image 100, the center of the fourth virtual image 400, and the center of the observation area 5 are located on the same straight line.

[0123] For example, the third image source 13 includes a third display area 130, a display surface of the third display area 130 and a display surface of the first display area 110 have a third non-zero angle, and the first virtual image 100 and the fourth virtual image 400 are parallel or have a third non-zero angle. 4 For example, the third angle and the fourth angle may be equal, although in some implementations the third angle and the fourth angle may not be equal.

[0124] For example, the distance from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflective element 31 is not equal to the distance from the display surface of the third display area 130 to the first reflective element 31, or the propagation distance along which the image light emitted from the display surface of the first display area 110 propagates from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflective element 31 is not equal to the propagation distance along which the image light emitted from the display surface of the third display area 130 propagates from the display surface of the third display area 130 to the first reflective element 31, thereby realizing a multi-layer display, and for example, the distances of the first virtual image 100 and the fourth virtual image 400 from a user (e.g., a driver of a traffic device using the display device) are different. In this case, the optical distances of the image light rays emitted from the first display area 110 and the third display area 130 and propagated to the first reflective element 31 are not equal, and can be imaged at different distances to form multi-layered images at different distances from the user. For example, the first virtual image 100 and the fourth virtual image 400 are respectively located in different layers, and different images can be blended with real scenes at different distances, so that the user's line of sight does not need to switch between images at a fixed distance and real scenes at different distances, effectively improving the usage experience of the head-up display.

[0125] For example, the reflectance of the transmission element 8 to the image light emitted from the first display area 110 may be 70%, 60%, 50%, or other applicable numerical value, and the transmittance of the transmission element 8 to the image light emitted from the third display area 130 may be 30%, 40%, 50%, or other applicable numerical value. For example, the transmittance of the transmission element 8 to the image light emitted from the third display area 130 may be 70%, 60%, 50%, or other applicable numerical value.

[0126] For example, the transmission element 8 includes a polarized transmission element 8, the third display area 130 emits a first polarized light (having polarized light of a first polarization), the first display area 110 emits a second polarized light (having polarized light of a second polarization), the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are perpendicular, and the transmission element 8 is configured to reflect the first polarized light and transmit the second polarized light. For example, the first display area 110 emits the second polarized light that is transmitted through the transmission element 8.

[0127] For example, the polarized light transmission element 8 may be an element formed by plating or attaching a film to a transparent substrate. For example, the polarized light transmission element 8 may be formed by plating or attaching one or more of a transmission film having a property of reflecting a first polarized light and transmitting a second polarized light, such as a reflective polarized brightness enhancement film (Dual Brightness Enhance Film, DBEF) or a prism film (Brightness Enhancement Film, BEF), on a substrate. The embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and for example, the transmission element 8 may further be an integrated element.

[0128] For example, the polarized light transmission element 8 may be an optical film having a polarized light transmission function, and may be, for example, a combination of multiple film layers having different refractive indexes in a certain stacking order, with each film layer having a thickness of about 10 to 1000 nm. The material of the film layer may be one or more of inorganic dielectric materials such as metal oxides and metal nitrides, or one or more of polymeric materials such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyethylene.

[0129] For example, one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light includes a light beam in an S-polarized state, and the other of the first polarized light and the second polarized light includes a light beam in a P-polarized state. For example, the angle between the polarization direction of the first polarized light and the polarization direction of the second polarized light may be approximately 90°. The embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and for example, when the polarization direction of the first polarized light and the polarization direction of the second polarized light are perpendicular to each other, the first polarized light and the second polarized light may further be non-S polarized light or non-P polarized light, and for example, the first polarized light and the second polarized light may be two types of linearly polarized light whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, or two types of circularly polarized light whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, or two types of elliptically polarized light whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, or the like.

[0130] For example, the transmission element 8 is a wavelength-selectable transmission element 8, the waveband in which the image light rays emitted from the third display area 130 are located is a first waveband group, the waveband in which the image light rays emitted from the first display area 110 are located is a second waveband group, and the transmission element 8 is configured to reflect the image light rays of the first waveband group and transmit the image light rays of the second waveband group.

[0131] For example, the waveband may include a single wavelength, or may include a mixed range of multiple wavelengths. For example, when the waveband includes a single wavelength, light of that wavelength may be mixed with light of nearby wavelengths due to the influence of process errors.

[0132] For example, the image light beams of the first waveband group and the second waveband group may each include three waveband light beams of red, green, and blue (RGB), and the half-width of each RGB waveband light beam is not greater than 50 nm. For example, the first waveband group and the second waveband group may each include three waveband image light beams, and for example, the peak value of the first waveband among the three wavebands is within the range of 410 nm to 480 nm, the peak value of the second waveband is within the range of 500 nm to 565 nm, and the peak value of the third waveband is within the range of 590 nm to 690 nm.

[0133] For example, the wavelength of the image light of the first waveband in the first waveband group is different from the wavelength of the image light of the first waveband in the second waveband group, the wavelength of the image light of the second waveband in the first waveband group is different from the wavelength of the image light of the second waveband in the second waveband group, and the wavelength of the image light of the third waveband in the first waveband group is different from the wavelength of the image light of the third waveband in the second waveband group.

[0134] For example, the wavelengths of the image light beams of each waveband in the first waveband group may be smaller than the wavelengths of the image light beams of each waveband in the second waveband group. For example, in the first waveband group, the red light wavelength is 620 nanometers, the green light wavelength is 500 nanometers, and the blue light wavelength is 450 nanometers. For example, in the second waveband group, the red light wavelength is 650 nanometers, the green light wavelength is 530 nanometers, and the blue light wavelength is 470 nanometers. The embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and for example, the wavelengths of the image light beams of each waveband in the first waveband group may be larger than the wavelengths of the image light beams of each waveband in the second waveband group. For example, in the first waveband group, the red light wavelength is 670 nanometers, the green light wavelength is 550 nanometers, and the blue light wavelength is 470 nanometers. For example, in the second waveband group, the red light wavelength is 650 nanometers, the green light wavelength is 530 nanometers, and the blue light wavelength is 450 nanometers. The above waveband relationship setting can facilitate the fabrication of a wavelength-selectable transmission element.

[0135] For example, the image light beams of the first waveband group and the second waveband group may include image light beams of multiple wavebands, for example, including at least the light beams of the three wavebands of RGB, to form a color image light beam that can form a color image. For example, the image light beams of the first waveband group and the second waveband group may include image light beams of one color waveband, for example, the image light beams include one of the light beams of the three wavebands of RGB, and for example, when the wavelengths of the image light beams of the first waveband group and the image light beams of the second waveband group are different, the image light beams include waveband light beams of any color within the visible light range to form a monochromatic image image, similar to the above realization process.

[0136] For example, when a wavelength-selectable transmission element is used, the reflectance of the image light emitted from the third display area 130 may be 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or other applicable value, and the transmittance of the image light emitted from the first display area 110 may be 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or other applicable value, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the image light so as to minimize the light energy loss of the image light emitted from the first and third display areas.

[0137] For example, the first image source 11 and the third image source 13 are image sources that can emit RGB mixed light, such as a Light Emitting Diode (LED) display, or a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), etc. For example, the type of the second image source in the previous embodiment may be the same as the type of the first image source 11 and the third image source 13.

[0138] For example, the transmission element may be a polarization-wavelength selectable transmission element, e.g., where the wavebands in which the image light rays emanating from the first display area 110 and the second display area 120 are located overlapping or essentially overlapping but have different polarization states, and the transmission element is configured to reflect the first image light rays and transmit the second image light rays.

[0139] For example, the "waveband" has the same or similar characteristics as the above embodiment and will not be described further here. For example, the polarization direction of the first polarization state and the polarization direction of the second polarization state are perpendicular. For example, one of the first polarization state and the second polarization state includes an S polarization state, and the other of the first polarization state and the second polarization state includes a P polarization state. The embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and for example, when the polarization direction of the first polarization state and the polarization direction of the second polarization state are perpendicular, they may further be non-S polarization state or non-P polarization state, for example, the first polarization state and the second polarization state may be two types of linear polarization states whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, or two types of circular polarization states whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, or two types of elliptical polarization states whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, etc.

[0140] For example, the first image light rays include RGB light rays with an S polarization state and the second image light rays include RGB light rays with a P polarization state; e.g., the first image light rays include RGB light rays with a P polarization state and the second image light rays include RGB light rays with an S polarization state.

[0141] For example, the reflectance of the transmissive element 8 for one of the first image light beam and the second image light beam is greater than the reflectance for the other, or the transmittance of the transmissive element 8 for one of the first image light beam and the second image light beam is greater than the transmittance for the other. For example, the reflectance of the transmissive element 8 for the second image light beam is greater than the reflectance for the first image light beam. For example, the transmittance of the transmissive element 8 for the first image light beam is greater than the transmittance for the second image light beam.

[0142] For example, the reflectance of the transmitting element 8 for one of the first image light ray and the second image light ray is greater than the reflectance for the other, and the transmittance for one is less than the transmittance for the other. For example, the reflectance of the transmitting element 8 for the second image light ray is greater than the reflectance for the first image light ray, and the transmittance of the transmitting element 8 for the second image light ray is less than the transmittance for the first image light ray.

[0143] For example, the reflectance of the transmission element 8 using a polarization-wavelength selectable transmission element for the image light emitted from the second display area 120 may be 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or other applicable numerical value, and the light transmittance of the transmission element 8 for the image light emitted from the first display area 110 may be 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or other applicable numerical value. This can increase the utilization rate of the transmission element 8 for the image light in order to minimize the light energy loss of the image light emitted from the first display area and the second display area.

[0144] For example, the wavelength-selectable transmission element and / or the polarization-wavelength-selectable transmission element may include a selectable transmission film laminated from an inorganic oxide film or a polymer film, and the transmission film is laminated from at least two film layers having different refractive indices. Here, "different refractive indices" means that the film layers have different refractive indices in at least one of the three directions of xyz. For example, the required film layers having different refractive indices can be pre-selected and laminated according to a pre-set order to form a transmission film having selectable reflection and transmission properties, which can selectively reflect light rays with one property and transmit light rays with another property. For example, for a film layer using an inorganic oxide material, the components of the film layer are one or more selected from tantalum pentoxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and aluminum fluoride. For example, for a film layer using an organic polymer material, the film layer of the organic polymer material includes at least two thermoplastic organic polymer film layers. For example, two thermoplastic polymer film layers are arranged alternately to form an optical film, and the refractive index of the two thermoplastic polymer film layers is different. For example, the molecules of the organic polymer material are chain-like structures, and the molecules after stretching are arranged in a certain direction, and the refractive index in different directions is different, so that the required film can be formed by a specific stretching process. For example, the thermoplastic polymer can be one or more of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and its derivatives with different polymerization degrees, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and its derivatives with different polymerization degrees, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and its derivatives with different polymerization degrees, etc.

[0145] 10 is a schematic diagram of another display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 in the following respects. The display device shown in FIG. 10 includes the first image source 11 shown in FIG. 9, the third image source 13, the transmission element 8, and the second image source 12 shown in FIG. 7, and the display device shown in FIG. 10 includes the technical solution of forming a third virtual image 300 using the image light emitted from the second image source 12 shown in FIG. 7, and the technical solution of forming a third virtual image 300 using the image light emitted from the second image source 12 shown in FIG. 9 This corresponds to a combination of the technical solution shown in FIG. 1 in which a first virtual image 100 is formed using image light emitted from a first image source 11 and a fourth virtual image 400 is formed using image light emitted from a third image source 13.

[0146] For example, in FIG. 10 , the distance from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflective element 31, the distance from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflective element 31, and the distance from the display surface of the third display area 130 to the first reflective element 31 are not equal to one another, and it is considered that the propagation distance over which the image light emitted from the display surface of the first display area 110 propagates from the display surface of the first display area 110 to the first reflective element 31, the propagation distance over which the image light emitted from the display surface of the second display area 120 propagates from the display surface of the second display area 120 to the first reflective element 31, and the propagation distance over which the image light emitted from the display surface of the third display area 130 propagates from the display surface of the third display area 130 to the first reflective element 31 are not equal to one another, thereby enabling imaging to be performed at locations at different distances to the observation area 5. In this case, the optical distances of the image rays emitted from the first display area 110, the second display area 120, and the third display area 130 and respectively propagating to the first reflecting element 31 are different from each other. In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, by adjusting the distances between the second reflecting element 321, the transmission element 8, and the first display area 110 and the first reflecting element 31, the distances between the third reflecting element 322, the second display area 120, and the first reflecting element 31, and the distances between the second reflecting element 321, the third display area 130, and the first reflecting element 31, it is possible to realize that the distances from the display surfaces of the three display areas to the first reflecting element 31 are not equal to each other, and that the optical distances of the image rays emitted from the three display areas and respectively propagating to the first reflecting element 31 are different from each other.

[0147] For the technical solution shown in FIG. 10 for forming the third virtual image 300 using the image light emitted from the second image source 12, and the technical solution shown in FIG. 10 for forming the first virtual image 100 using the image light emitted from the first image source 11 and forming the fourth virtual image 400 using the image light emitted from the third image source 13, please refer to the previous description and it will not be repeated here.

[0148] For example, the matching fusion, close contact between an image and a real scene, etc., referred to in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure may be that the display content corresponding to the information on the display screen (e.g., an image formed on the head-up display of the display device, e.g., a virtual image formed by reflection) viewed by the user from the observation area (e.g., an eyebox area) is displayed in a predetermined position in the actual scenario displayed on the windshield. For example, if the display screen includes an image of a bank, when the user views the outside world through the windshield, the image of the bank is displayed in a position corresponding to the bank's position in the actual scenario. For example, the display device and / or the head-up display may display in the form of matching fusion based on at least one of Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) technologies. For example, when a traffic device is in a traveling state, an image screen in which the display content corresponding to navigation map information, navigation prompt information, or planned route information and the actual scenario are matched and fused is projected onto the eyebox area at the driver's position, achieving a better display effect and helping the user to improve the safety and driving experience of driving the traffic device.

[0149] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a head-up display, and FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a head-up display according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 11, the head-up display includes a reflective imaging unit 4 and any display device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 illustrates an example in which the head-up display includes the display device shown in FIG. 2A. The reflective imaging unit 4 is configured to reflect image light reflected from the first reflective element 31 to the reflective imaging unit 4 to the observation area 5 and transmit environmental light. A user in the observation area 5 can view a first virtual image 100 formed by the reflective imaging unit 4 using the image light emitted from the display device, and an environmental scene located on the side of the reflective imaging unit 4 away from the observation area 5. A head-up display according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure presents an inclined image to a user (e.g., a driver or a passenger) with a uniform and consistent inclination, preventing the presented inclined image from having excessively curved parts, and avoiding the problem of unclear information display due to the curvature deformation of the screen and affecting the user's viewing experience. For example, the inclined image is an image of a road sign on the ground, and the inclined image can have a better ground adhesion effect, better combine the image with real objects in the outside world, and enhance the user's usage experience of the display device.

[0150] For example, in a head-up display according to another embodiment, when the head-up display includes a display device using a multi-layer display aspect, a user in the observation area 5 can view multiple virtual images formed by the reflective imaging unit 4 using image light emitted from the display device.

[0151] For example, image light rays emitted from an elliptical display device are incident on a reflective imaging unit 4, and the light rays reflected by the reflective imaging unit 4 are incident on an observation area 5 where a user's, e.g., a driver's, eyes are located, allowing the user to observe, for example, a virtual image formed outside the reflective imaging unit without affecting the user's observation of the external environment.

[0152] For example, the observation area 5 may be an eyebox area, which means a plane area where the user's eyes are located and where the image displayed on the head-up display can be seen. For example, the user's eyes are offset from the center of the eyebox area by a certain distance, and when the user's eyes move a certain distance, for example, up and down or left and right, if the user's eyes are still within the eyebox area, the user can still see the image displayed on the head-up display.

[0153] For example, the reflective imaging unit 4 may be a windshield or an imaging window of an automobile. For example, the windshield is a windshield glass, and the imaging window is a transparent imaging plate. For example, the windshield is used to reflect and transmit image light emitted from a Windshield Head-Up Display (Windshield-HUD, W-HUD), and the imaging window is used to transmit and reflect image light emitted from a Combiner Head-Up Display (Combiner-HUD, C-HUD).

[0154] For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the head-up display further includes a packaging housing 700 having an opening 710, and an image source 10 0 and beyond The first reflective element 31 and the second reflective element 32 are both located within the packaging housing 700, and the reflective imaging unit 4 is located outside the packaging housing 700, and the first reflective element 31 reflects the image light emitted from the image source 100 to the position of the opening 710 of the packaging housing 700 and emits it from the opening 710 of the packaging housing 700, and the image light emitted from the opening 710 of the packaging housing 700 is reflected by the reflective imaging unit 4 to the observation area 5.

[0155] 11, the image light emitted from the first display area 110 is reflected by the reflective imaging unit 4 to form a virtual image, which is a first virtual image 100, and the first virtual image 110 is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, for example, has an angle with the horizontal direction. The horizontal direction may mean a direction perpendicular to the plane on which the observation area 5 is located, or may mean a direction parallel to the ground on which the traffic device using the head-up display runs.

[0156] For example, an image source in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a light source, a backlight component, and an image generator.

[0157] For example, the light source may include at least one electroluminescent device that generates light by electric field excitation, such as a light emitting diode (LED), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a mini light-emitting diode (Mini LED), a micro light-emitting diode (Micro LED), a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL), an LED cold light source (Cold LED Light, CLL), an electroluminescent (EL), a field emission display (FED) or a quantum dot light source (Quantum Dot, QD).

[0158] For example, the image generating unit may include a liquid crystal display panel. For example, the liquid crystal display panel may include an array substrate, a counter substrate, a liquid crystal layer located between the array substrate and the counter substrate, and a packaging adhesive for packaging the liquid crystal layer. For example, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a first polarizing layer provided on a side of the array substrate away from the counter substrate, and a second polarizing layer provided on a side of the counter substrate away from the array substrate. For example, the light source is configured to provide a backlight to the liquid crystal display panel, and the backlight is converted into image light after passing through the liquid crystal display panel.

[0159] For example, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a traffic device. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a traffic device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 12, the traffic device includes any head-up display according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Or, in at least one embodiment, the traffic device includes any display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0160] For example, when the traffic device includes a head-up display, the reflective imaging unit is a windshield or imaging window of the traffic device, for example, the front windshield (for example, windshield glass) of the traffic device is multiplexed as the reflective imaging unit 4 of the head-up display. The traffic device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure uses the head-up display to make the inclination of the inclined image presented to the user (for example, the driver or passenger) uniform and consistent, prevent the inclined image presented from having an excessively curved portion, and avoid the problem that the display of information is unclear due to the curved deformation of the screen and affects the user's viewing experience, for example, the inclined image is a road sign image on the ground, the inclined image can have a better ground contact effect, and can better combine the image with the real object in the outside world, enhancing the user's usage experience of the display device.

[0161] For example, when the above-mentioned head-up display is used in traffic equipment, the third virtual image 300, the fourth virtual image 400 and the fifth virtual image 500 are perpendicular to the ground, and the end of the first virtual image 100 away from the ground is farther from the observation area 5 than the end of the first virtual image 100 close to the ground, so that each virtual image can be matched and merged with the corresponding real scene, which is more convenient for the driver to view images at different distances and match and merge images at different distances with real scenes at different distances, and the driver does not need to repeatedly switch between images at a fixed distance and real scenes at different distances, thereby avoiding visual convergence accommodation conflicts and improving the experience of using the traffic equipment.

[0162] For example, the multiple virtual images generated by the display device and the head-up display are not limited to the first virtual image 100, the third virtual image 300, the fourth virtual image 400 and the fifth virtual image 500, which are merely exemplary for interpreting aspects of the present disclosure, and may further include other inclined virtual images or vertical virtual images.

[0163] For example, the traffic device may be any suitable transportation vehicle, including land traffic devices such as various types of automobiles, where the driving position of the traffic device is provided with a windshield and an image is projected onto the windshield by an in-vehicle display system, or may be a water traffic device such as a boat.

[0164] It should be noted that, for clarity, in the drawings describing the embodiments of the present disclosure, thicknesses of layers or regions are exaggerated or reduced, i.e., these drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0165] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above using general descriptions and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made based on the embodiments of the present disclosure. Therefore, all of these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure belong to the scope of the present disclosure that claims protection.

[0166] The following points need to be explained: (1) In the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure, only the configurations related to the embodiments of the present disclosure are referred to, and other configurations may refer to the general design.

[0167] (2) Features in the same and different embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other if there are no conflicts.

[0168] The above are only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure, which is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display device, comprising: a first image source including a first display area; a refractive element configured to refract image light rays emanating from at least a portion of the first display area; a first reflecting element, the image light refracted by the refractive element being reflected by the first reflecting element and propagating to an observation area to form a first virtual image; A display device, wherein along a direction from a first end of the at least a portion of the region to a second end of the at least a portion of the region, an optical distance between the light entrance surface of the refractive element and the light exit surface of the refractive element for at least a portion of the image light rays emitted from the at least a portion of the region gradually decreases.

2. 2. The display device of claim 1, wherein the first virtual image corresponding to the image light ray emitted from at least a portion of the region has a near end close to the observation area and a far end away from the observation area, the image light ray corresponding to the first end corresponds to the near end, the image light ray corresponding to the second end corresponds to the far end, and the height of the far end of the first virtual image is higher than the height of the near end of the first virtual image.

3. 3. The display device of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the refractive element along a main optical axis direction of the image light emitted from at least a portion of the region gradually decreases along a direction from a first end of the at least a portion of the region to a second end of the at least a portion of the region, and / or a refractive index of the refractive element along a main optical axis direction of the image light emitted from at least a portion of the region gradually decreases along a direction from the first end of the at least a portion of the region to a second end of the at least a portion of the region.

4. When a thickness of the refractive element along a principal optical axis direction of an image ray emitted from the at least a portion of the region gradually decreases along a direction from a first end of the at least a portion of the region to a second end of the at least a portion of the region, the refractive index of the refractive element becomes equal; 4. The display device of claim 3, wherein when the refractive index gradually decreases along a direction from a first end of the at least some of the regions to a second end of the at least some of the regions, a thickness of the refractive element along a principal optical axis direction of an image ray emitted from the at least some of the regions is equal.

5. 5. A display device as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the surface of the refractive element facing away from the first image source comprises a planar and / or curved surface.

6. 6. The display device of claim 5, wherein when a surface of the refractive element facing away from the first image source is planar, the surface of the refractive element facing away from the first image source and a display surface of the first display area have a first angle, the first angle being between 1° and 60°.

7. The refractive element is bonded to at least a portion of the region, or The refractive element is spaced apart from the at least some region in a direction perpendicular to a display surface of the first display area, or 7. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the refractive element includes a portion bonded to the at least a portion of the region and a portion spaced apart from the at least a portion.

8. The display device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the refractive element is configured to refract image light rays emanating from the entire first display area.

9. the first display area includes a first sub-display area and a second sub-display area, and the at least a portion of the region is the first sub-display area; an image light ray emitted from the second sub-display area is incident on the first reflecting element without being refracted by the refractive element, and the first reflecting element is further configured to reflect the image light ray emitted from the second sub-display area and incident on the first reflecting element to an observation area to form a second virtual image; The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an angle between the second virtual image and the ground is greater than an angle between the first virtual image and the ground, and the second virtual image and the first virtual image have a second angle that is not zero.

10. The display device according to claim 9 , wherein the display content of the second virtual image and the display content of the first virtual image are independent of each other or related to each other.

11. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the refractive element is an integrated structure or includes a plurality of sub-refractive elements stacked in a direction perpendicular to a display surface of the first display area.

12. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a second reflecting element configured to reflect image light rays emitted from the first display area and refracted by the sub-refractive element to the first reflecting element.

13. a second image source including a second viewing area, image light emanating from the second viewing area propagating to the first reflecting element, image light exiting the second viewing area and propagating to the first reflecting element forming a third virtual image different from the first virtual image; and A display device as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein an angle between the third virtual image and the ground is greater than an angle between the first virtual image and the ground, and a display surface of the first display area and a display surface of the second display area are parallel.

14. The display device of claim 13 , further comprising a third reflecting element, wherein the image light emitted from the second display area is reflected by the third reflecting element and then propagates to the first reflecting element.

15. a third image source and a transmission element; a third image source including a third display area, the third display area having a display surface with respect to the first display area at a third non-zero angle; a transmission element located on a side of the refractive element away from the first image source and configured to transmit image light rays emanating from the first viewing area to the first reflecting element and configured to reflect image light rays emanating from the third viewing area, and the image light rays emanating from the third viewing area are propagated to the first reflecting element after being reflected by the transmission element; A display device as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein image light emitted from the third display area and propagated to the first reflecting element forms a fourth virtual image different from the first virtual image, and the first virtual image and the fourth virtual image at least partially overlap.

16. The display device of claim 15, wherein a projection of the first virtual image onto a plane on which the fourth virtual image is located is within a range of the fourth virtual image, or a projection of the fourth virtual image onto a plane on which the first virtual image is located is within a range of the first virtual image.

17. The display device according to claim 15 , wherein a center of the first virtual image, a center of the fourth virtual image, and a center of the eye box region are located on the same straight line.

18. A head-up display including a reflective imaging unit and the display device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, A head-up display, wherein the reflective imaging unit is configured to reflect image light rays that are reflected by the first reflective element and then propagate to the reflective imaging unit to the observation area and to transmit ambient light.

19. A traffic device comprising the display device according to any one of claims 1 to 17 or the head-up display according to claim 18.

20. 20. The traffic device of claim 19, wherein when the traffic device includes the head-up display, the reflective imaging portion is a windshield or imaging window of the traffic device.

Images