Wind turbine and wind park equipped with such a wind turbine

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind turbine comprising a base supporting a nacelle, a rotor rotatable relative to the nacelle and comprising a number of rotor blades, a fluid connection configured to connect a water intake to one or more outputs arranged above the sea level, and a pump configured to pump the seawater from the water intake to the one or more outputs to expel seawater containing salt particles into the atmosphere surrounding the wind turbine in order to stimulate cloud formation.The invention further relates to a wind park comprising a number of wind turbines and comprising one or more wind turbines according to the invention.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wind turbine and to a wind park equipped with such a wind turbine. [Background technology]

[0002] Our environment and planet are in danger and many attempts are being made to overcome environmental challenges such as global warming, shortages of energy sources and materials. Global warming can cause droughts and thereby adversely affect the growth of plants, including vegetables and fruits, which are important for food supply. One way to reduce the carbon footprint, i.e. the total amount of greenhouse gases (specifically carbon dioxide and methane) released into the atmosphere as a result of the activities of a particular individual, organization, or community, is to utilize renewable energy sources such as solar energy (sunlight), wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat.

[0003] Wind turbines are well known for generating electricity from wind, which acts as a renewable energy source. A wind park or wind farm, also called a wind power plant, is a group of interconnected wind turbines located relatively close to each other. By locating multiple wind turbines close to each other and interconnecting them in a system, many advantages are obtained. For example, the wind turbines in a wind park can share a common power wiring from the wind turbines, typically offshore wind turbines, to a power plant on land. When such wind turbines are located in groups, it is also possible to efficiently install and maintain them, and at the end of their life cycle, to efficiently dismantle them. After all, installation, maintenance, and dismantling all require scarce dedicated equipment.

[0004] At a more experimental level, it has been studied whether and how geoengineering, also known as climate engineering, can contribute to mitigating climate change. For example, in an attempt to mitigate global warming, it has been proposed to spray salt water into the air to make marine clouds lighter in color, thereby increasing the ability of these clouds to reflect the incoming solar radiation. When the salt water evaporates, the salt particles remain in the air and act as seeds for clouds. This effect is similar to the pollution trails left by ships. Ships at sea expel particles into the clean air as they cross the ocean, which causes the formation of marine clouds visible in satellite images of the Earth. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide a wind turbine and wind park which is improved over the prior art and in which at least one of the above problems is eliminated or mitigated. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The object of the present invention is to a base for supporting the nacelle; a rotor rotatable relative to the nacelle and including a plurality of rotor blades; - a fluid connection configured to connect the intake to one or more outputs located above sea level; - a pump configured to pump seawater from an intake to one or more outputs to expel the seawater containing salt particles into the atmosphere surrounding the wind turbine to stimulate cloud formation; This is achieved with a wind turbine according to claim 1 of the present invention, which comprises:

[0007] The invention is based on the insight that wind turbines are particularly suitable for combining traditional electricity generation based on wind energy with cloud formation. Combining cloud formation in wind turbines, or even in wind parks, is advantageous and leads to synergistic effects, as will be explained in more detail later.

[0008] On the one hand, the wind turbine itself can generate enough electricity to drive pumps configured to pump seawater from a water intake to one or more outputs, preferably located at a significant height, such as located in the nacelle or even the rotor blades. The average hub height for offshore turbines in the United States is planned to grow higher, from 100 meters in 2016 to about 150 meters in 2035. The average rotor diameter for offshore turbines in the United States in 2020 was about 125 meters. However, the rotor diameter of the turbine, or the width of the circle traversed by the rotating blades, has been increasing over the years. In an offshore wind farm project called "Hornsea Project One", located in the Hornsea Zone in the southern North Sea off the Yorkshire coast in the UK, the nacelle was located at a height of 190 meters above sea level and the rotor diameter was 178 meters. In summary, nacelle heights of around 200m and maximum blade tip heights of over 250m when the rotor blades are extending perpendicular to the monopile are realistic today and will become even higher in the future. Pumping large volumes of seawater at heads of over 200m consumes energy that could be generated by the wind turbine itself or by nearby wind turbines that are potentially part of the same wind park.

[0009] On the other hand, wind turbines are often located at sea, where seawater is readily available. If the wind turbines are located in a situation where the wind direction is often directed towards nearby land, the formation of clouds will result in additional clouds above the land. Eventually, the clouds formed or grown by the salt particles discharged into the atmosphere surrounding the wind turbines are carried towards the shore and further over the land by the natural winds. Depending on the type of cloud formed, the cloud may be geared towards solar reflection or towards providing rain. If the focus is on rainfall, the most suitable types of clouds are of the cumulonimbus type or the nimbostratus type. In particular, the nimbostratus type is preferred, since nimbostratus clouds are more stable than cumulonimbus clouds. At the same time, nimbostratus clouds are particularly capable of providing constant rainfall over a long period of time, distributing the rainfall over a larger area of ​​land.

[0010] The invention further relates to a wind park comprising a plurality of wind turbines, comprising one or more wind turbines according to the invention. When a plurality of wind turbines arranged close to each other are operated together, the result of increased cloud formation can be obtained. Furthermore, the electricity generated in the wind park can be used to further promote cloud formation and cloud transport. For example, some wind turbines of a wind park can be - Cloud-forming wind turbines to increase the rotational speed of the rotor blades, or - a non-cloud-forming wind turbine for inducing additional wind in the wind park which acts as a fan and thereby carries the clouds formed by further cloud-forming wind turbines positioned downstream. The rotor may be actively driven by the rotor of the rotor.

[0011] Optionally, some of the wind turbines in the wind park are involved in cloud formation, while other wind turbines in the wind park are involved in energy generation, such as electricity and / or hydrogen. Also optionally, the wind turbines and / or the entire wind park can switch between modes of operation, such as, for example, between solar reflection, rain providing, and / or energy generation.

[0012] Preferred embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0013] The invention further relates to a system for solar radiation reflection or for providing rain, comprising a wind turbine and / or a wind park according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0014] Such a system preferably further comprises computation means for collecting information about relevant climatic conditions such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, etc. Furthermore, this information may also include weather forecasts and / or actual needs for providing solar reflection or rain.

[0015] Such a system preferably further comprises a control device, preferably operatively connected to the computation means for collecting information. The control device is preferably capable of controlling the wind turbine and / or wind park. This makes it possible to perform an optimization of the activity of the wind turbine and / or wind park.

[0016] The invention further relates to a method for solar radiation reflection or for providing rain, comprising the step of providing a wind turbine, a wind park and / or a system according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0017] Such systems provide the same or similar effects and advantages as those described in connection with wind turbines and / or wind parks.

[0018] Such methods provide the same or similar effects and advantages as those described in relation to wind turbines, wind parks, and / or systems.

[0019] The method includes a step of forming clouds to achieve the desired solar reflection or rain provision. Preferably, the method includes an additional step of determining the need for solar reflection or rain provision and / or determining the optimal operation of the wind turbine and / or wind park to optimally achieve the desired effect. This may involve collecting information about relevant weather conditions such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, etc. Furthermore, this may involve collecting or determining weather forecasts. Optionally, collecting information may also include determining the actual need for solar reflection or rain provision. The collected information can be used to determine the optimal operation of the wind turbine and / or wind park. This may include determining the time period and duration of operation of the wind turbine and / or wind park for solar reflection or rain provision reasons. These additional method steps allow further optimization of the solar reflection effect or rain provision effect, preferably both in time and location.

[0020] The present invention further relates to a kit for adapting a wind turbine for solar reflection and / or for providing rain, the kit comprising a water intake, a fluid connection, a pump, and one or more nozzles or outputs. Such a kit provides the same or similar effects as described in relation to the wind turbine, wind park, system, and / or method. The kit may optionally include one or more of the other features described in relation to the wind turbine and / or wind park, such as sprayers, water reservoirs, controls, additive reservoirs, and / or balancing systems. Such a kit can be used to allow existing conventional wind turbines and wind parks to be adapted to provide solar reflection and / or rain.

[0021] The various aspects and features described and illustrated herein may, to the extent possible, be applied separately, and these separate aspects, in particular those aspects and features recited in the accompanying dependent claims, may themselves be inventions directed to different problems related to the prior art.

[0022] In the following description, preferred embodiments of the invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of a wind turbine according to the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a detailed perspective view of the wind turbine of FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a detailed perspective view of a rotor blade. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wind park according to the present invention; [Diagram 5] 1 is a schematic diagram of a system according to the present invention; [Figure 6] 1 is a schematic overview of the steps in one embodiment of the method according to the invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The wind turbine 1 shown in Figure 1 comprises a base 2 supporting a nacelle 3 and a rotor 4 rotatable relative to the nacelle 3 and comprising a number of rotor blades 5. The wind turbine 1 further comprises a fluid connection 6 with an optional rotary joint configured to connect a water intake 7 below the sea level 8 to one or more outputs 9a-9d arranged above the sea level 8. A pump 10 is configured to pump seawater 11 from the water intake 7 to the one or more outputs 9a-9d to expel the seawater 11 containing salt particles 12 into the atmosphere A surrounding the wind turbine to promote the formation of a cloud C.

[0025] It is expressly mentioned that, although the base 2 is embodied as a monopile tower 13 in the embodiment shown in the figures, the invention is also applicable to wind turbines 1 supported by a different kind of base 2, such as a jacket (not shown).

[0026] The wind turbine 1 is preferably an offshore wind turbine 1, although it is possible that seawater 11 can be supplied to the wind turbine 1 on land indirectly via a buffer tank (not shown) in fluid connection with a remote water intake 7 in the sea. If the wind turbine 1 is located offshore, i.e. in the sea, salty seawater 11 is readily available.

[0027] To facilitate the formation of an aerosol and thereby the formation of a cloud C, one or more of the outputs 9a-9d may comprise one or more nozzles 14 defining a sprayer 15 configured to atomize the seawater 11 containing the salt particles 12.

[0028] It is mentioned here that the exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shows various locations where the outputs 9a-9d can be positioned, such as the output 9a in the nacelle 3 and the outputs 9b-9d in one or more rotor blades 5. The output 9a can be positioned on either side or both sides of the rotor 4. The skilled person will recognize that these locations are just different examples shown in one and the same figure. These locations can be applied in combination, but this is not necessary. It is also possible that individual rotor blades 5 include different variations of the outputs 9b-9d, or that the outputs 9b-9d are absent in some rotor blades 5.

[0029] The one or more outputs 9b-9d are preferably arranged on one or more rotor blades 5. The rotational speed of the rotor blades 5 in the direction of rotation R can encourage the formation of an aerosol from the seawater 11.

[0030] If one or more outputs 9b are arranged at the tips 16 of the rotor blades 5 and are configured to discharge the seawater 11 containing salt particles 12 radially outward relative to the tips 16, the seawater 11 with the salt particles 12 can be discharged at the highest available position. Furthermore, the discharge can benefit from centrifugal force due to the rotation R of the rotor 4, allowing the seawater 11 with the salt particles 12 to reach further. Furthermore, if the seawater 11 is discharged from the outputs 9b by centrifugal force, this results in a pressurization or vacuum that causes or contributes to the seawater 11 being displaced from the nacelle 3 towards the outputs 9b at the tips 16 to the rotor blades 5.

[0031] If one or more outputs 9d are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade 5, the seawater 11 with the salt particles 12 can be distributed over a large area. For example, the one or more outputs 9d may be arranged in a distributed arrangement, such as by providing a porous drip hose 17 and / or by arranging distributed openings 18 or nozzles 14 along the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade 5.

[0032] One or more outputs 9d can be positioned on the suction side 19 of the rotor blades 5, allowing negative pressure at the suction side 19 to suck seawater 11 out of the outputs 9d and subsequently carry the seawater 11 along with the salt particles 12 away with the air flowing around the rotor blades 5.

[0033] Effective use of the turbulent airflow at the trailing edge 20 of the rotor blade 5 is advantageously used when one or more outputs 9c are arranged along at least a portion of the trailing edge 20 of the rotor blade 5. This turbulence effectively distributes the seawater 11 with salt particles 12, thereby promoting evaporation of liquid and formation of aerosols that contribute to the formation of cloud C.

[0034] One or more rotor blades 5 may comprise a water reservoir 21 configured to store seawater 11. The water reservoir 21 is preferably arranged in a radially outer half of the rotor blade 5 defined between the tip 16 and the middle of the length of the rotor blade 5. In this radially outer half of the rotor blade 5, the rotational speed is relatively high. It is therefore advantageous to discharge the seawater 11 with the salt particles 12 in this outer half of the rotor blade 5. A balancing mass 36 movable in the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade 5 may be provided on each one of the rotor blades 5. An example of a balancing system 34 comprising such a balancing mass 36 movable along an elongated rail 35 extending in the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade 5 is shown in FIG. 3. This rotor blade 5 in FIG. 3 is very similar to the rotor blade 5 in FIG. 2, but the water reservoir 21 is positioned slightly differently to provide sufficient space for the balancing system 34. By selectively moving the balancing mass 36 within the rotor blades 5, for example by moving the balancing mass 36 radially outward, away from the nacelle 3 towards the tip 16, the entire rotor 4 supporting a plurality of rotor blades 5 may be balanced even when the water reservoir 21 in one or more of the rotor blades 5 is filled with seawater 11. Control lines 37 may be connected to the controller 23 for actively controlling the position of the balancing mass 36.

[0035] In an alternative embodiment, the placement of the water reservoir 21 on the outer half of the rotor blade 5 is used to purposefully adjust the mass of the rotor blade 5. For example, it is conceivable to pump seawater 11 into the water reservoir 21 of a particular rotor blade 5 during or just before the downward movement of said rotor blade 5, so that the additional weight of the seawater 11 on said rotor blade 5 brings additional gravitational force to the downward moving rotor blade 5. When the same rotor blade 5 starts to move upward again, the seawater 11 can be discharged. Depending on when the seawater 11 fills and empties in the water reservoir 21, the additional mass of the seawater 11 can contribute to the rotational speed of the rotor 4. In this alternative embodiment, the mechanical structure must be designed to withstand the imbalance that will occur.

[0036] The water reservoir 21 may comprise an elastic bag 22 and / or may be pressurized to allow relatively quick discharge of the seawater 11. In this way it is possible to control where and when the seawater 11 with the salt particles 12 is sprayed into the atmosphere A surrounding the wind turbine 1.

[0037] The wind turbine 1 may further comprise a controller 23 configured to control the pump 10 and / or one or more of the outputs 9a-9d to selectively discharge the seawater 11 containing the salt particles 12 at a predetermined angular range of rotation of the rotor blades 5. Although only a control line 24 between the controller 23 and the pump 10 is shown in Figure 1, additional control lines and valves (not shown) may be present between the controller 23 and one or more of the outputs 9a-9d such that the outputs are controlled independently of each other.

[0038] The predetermined angular range in which the seawater 11 with the salt particles 12 is discharged is preferably located in one or more of the upper half of the rotation and upward movement of the rotor blades 5. Discharging the seawater in the upper half of the rotation ensures that the seawater 11 with the salt particles 12 is discharged relatively high. Discharging in the upward movement of the rotor blades 5 reduces the weight of the rotor blades 5 during the upward movement, allowing energy savings.

[0039] The one or more outputs 9a may be arranged already relatively high in the nacelle 3, which may be relatively simple in construction, and therefore reliable and robust, since the nacelle 3 is a component directly supported by the base 2. Furthermore, arranging the outputs 9a in the nacelle 3 may also allow the seawater 11 with particles 12 to be discharged at a given horizontal distance downstream of the rotor blades 5, thereby eliminating or reducing the impact on the rotor blades 5. Turbulent air flows in this area will contribute to the formation of clouds C.

[0040] One or more outputs 9a disposed on the nacelle 3 may be configured to discharge seawater 11 containing salt particles 12 in one or more of an upward and horizontal direction, preferably in the wake of the wind turbine 1.

[0041] The wind turbine 1 may further comprise an additive reservoir 25 configured to store an additive. The additive preferably comprises nutrients or seeds and may be added to the seawater 11 conveyed via the fluid connection 6 via a supply pipe 26 suitably connected to the fluid connection 6 downstream of the pump 10. Alternatively, the additive may comprise a chemical that contributes to the formation of clouds.

[0042] The wind turbine 1 may further comprise a drive 27 configured to rotatably drive the rotor 4 in the manner of a fan.

[0043] Fig. 4 shows a wind park 28 with a plurality of wind turbines 1, with one or more wind turbines 1 according to the invention. The wind turbines 1 are located at sea, i.e. in the ocean 29 where seawater is readily available. In Fig. 4, the wind direction W is directed towards the shore 30 and the nearby land 31. As a result, the formation of clouds C will result in additional clouds C above the land 31. Eventually, the clouds C formed or grown by the salt particles 12 discharged into the atmosphere A surrounding the wind turbines 1 are carried by the natural wind W towards the shore 30 and further over the land 31. Electrical power lines 32 connect the wind turbines 1 of the wind park 28 to a power plant 33 on the land 31. The wind park 28 can also produce hydrogen gas.

[0044] One or more wind turbines 1 located downstream of a wind park 28 with respect to the wind direction W may be configured and controlled to discharge seawater 11 containing salt particles 12 into the atmosphere A surrounding the wind turbines 1. In this way, the salt particles 12 are transported away from the wind park 28, thereby preventing the salt particles 12 discharged by the wind turbines on this downstream side of the wind park 28 from depositing on other wind turbines 1. A cloud C forms downstream of the wind park 28.

[0045] A wind turbine 1 located downstream of a wind park 28 with respect to a wind direction W may be a wind turbine 1 comprising a drive 27 configured to rotatably drive a rotor 4 like a fan, the drive 27 driving the rotor to increase the rotational speed of the rotor blades 5. A higher rotational speed of the rotor blades is correlated with an improved formation of aerosols and clouds C.

[0046] The drive 27 of the wind turbine 1, located downstream of the wind park 28 with respect to the wind direction W, and possibly also the pump 10, may be powered by electricity generated by one or more further wind turbines 1 of the wind park 28.

[0047] One or more wind turbines 1 arranged upstream of the wind park 28 with respect to the wind direction W may be wind turbines 1 equipped with a drive 27 configured to rotatably drive a rotor 4 like a fan, thereby inducing additional wind.

[0048] A system 102 comprising several wind turbines 1 is shown in FIG. 5. The wind turbines 1 are part of a wind park 28. In the illustrated embodiment, a system controller 104 comprises a calculation means 106 for collecting data and further comprises a controller 108 for controlling the wind turbines 1 of the wind park 28. The data comes from operating information 110, weather forecasts 112, actual weather conditions 114 and actual or predicted need for solar reflection or rain 116. This data can be collected from external data sources and / or can be retrieved directly by the system 102. The system controller 104 can send the operating data to other systems or operators. The system controller 104 further sends instructions to the individual wind turbines 1 and optionally to local subordinate controllers such as the controllers 23 of such wind turbines 1. The controller 108 optionally performs an optimization to determine which of the wind turbines 1 should operate, when and for how long. Also, the rotor speed, the water flow rate and the amount of additive added to the flow may be optimized for each individual wind turbine 1 .

[0049] Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of a method 201 for providing solar reflection and / or rain according to the invention. The method 201 describes the operation of the wind turbine 1 and / or the wind park 28. It is understood that the wind turbine 1 and the wind park 28 are installed after a design and manufacturing process 202, which preferably takes into account local conditions and needs. In step 204, the actual and / or predicted need for providing solar reflection and / or rain is determined. In step 206, information is collected about operation information, weather forecasts, actual weather conditions, etc. A control step 208 controls the actual operation of the wind turbine 1, the wind park 28 and / or the system 102. A monitoring step 210 controls the actual operation of the wind turbine 1, the wind park 28 and / or the system 102, preferably feeding back observations to the control step 208 in order to control the desired effect of providing solar reflection and / or rain and to optimize and / or control the actual operation.

[0050] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Although a conventional wind turbine with a rotor 4 having a substantially horizontal axis of rotation is shown to illustrate the invention, the principles of discharging seawater 11 with salt particles 12 may be applied to other types of wind turbines, such as wind turbines having a substantially vertical axis of rotation.

[0051] Where features referred to in the appended claims are followed by reference signs, it is to be understood that such signs are included solely for the purpose of facilitating the comprehension of the claims, and in no way constitute a limitation on the scope of the claims. The scope of protection is defined solely by the following claims. The invention is not limited to its above-mentioned preferred embodiments. The rights sought are defined by the following claims within the scope of its many possible variations. [Explanation of symbols]

[0052] 1. Wind Turbine 2 base 3. Nacelle 4 Rotors 5 Rotor Blades 6 Fluid Connections 7. Water Intake Section 8 sea level 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d output section 10. Pump 11 Seawater 12 Salt particles 13 Monopile Tower 14 Nozzles 15 Sprayer 16 Tip 17 Dripping hose 18 Aperture 19 Suction side 20 Trailing edge 21 Water storage section 22 Elastic Bag 23 Control device 24 Control Line 25 Additive storage section 26 Supply piping 27 Drive unit 28 Wind Park 29. Sea 30 shore 31 Land 32 Power wiring 33 Power Plant 34 Balancing System 35 Thin Rail 36 Equilibration Mass 37 Control Line 102 System 104 System control device 106 Calculation means 108 Control device 110 Operational Information 112 Weather Forecast 114 Actual Weather Conditions 116 Actual or anticipated need for solar reflection or rain A. Atmosphere C cloud R Rotation direction, rotation W Wind direction, natural wind

Claims

1. 1. A wind turbine comprising: a base supporting the nacelle; a rotor rotatable relative to the nacelle and including a plurality of rotor blades; a fluid connection configured to connect the intake to one or more outputs located above sea level; a pump configured to pump seawater from the intake to the one or more outputs to expel seawater containing salt particles into the atmosphere surrounding the wind turbine to promote cloud formation; A wind turbine comprising:

2. 10. The wind turbine of claim 1, wherein the wind turbine is an offshore wind turbine and the water intake is located below sea level.

3. 3. The wind turbine of claim 1 or 2, wherein the one or more outputs comprise one or more nozzles, the one or more nozzles defining an atomizer configured to atomize the seawater containing salt particles.

4. 4. A wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the one or more outputs are arranged on the one or more rotor blades.

5. 5. The wind turbine of claim 4, wherein the one or more outputs are disposed at tips of the rotor blades and configured to expel the seawater containing salt particles radially outward relative to the tips.

6. 6. A wind turbine as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the one or more outputs are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade.

7. The wind turbine of claim 6 , wherein the one or more outputs are located on a suction side of the rotor blade.

8. 8. A wind turbine as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the one or more outputs are disposed along at least a portion of a trailing edge of the rotor blade.

9. 9. The wind turbine of claim 4, wherein the one or more rotor blades comprise a water reservoir configured to store seawater.

10. 10. The wind turbine of claim 9, wherein the water reservoir is disposed in a radially outer half of the rotor blade defined between the tip and halfway along the length of the rotor blade.

11. 11. A wind turbine as claimed in claim 9 or 10, wherein the reservoir is pressurised.

12. 12. A wind turbine as claimed in any one or more of claims 9 to 11, wherein the water reservoir comprises an elastic bag.

13. 13. The wind turbine of claim 4, further comprising a controller configured to control the pump and / or the one or more outputs to selectively discharge the seawater containing salt particles at a predetermined angular range of rotation of the rotor blades.

14. The wind turbine of claim 13 , wherein the predetermined angular range is located in the upper half of the rotation.

15. 15. A wind turbine as claimed in claim 13 or 14, wherein the predetermined angular range includes an upward movement of the rotor blades.

16. 16. The wind turbine of claim 1 , wherein the one or more outputs are located in the nacelle.

17. 17. The wind turbine of claim 16, wherein the one or more outputs are configured to discharge the seawater containing salt particles in an upward direction.

18. 18. The wind turbine of claim 16 or 17, wherein the one or more outputs are configured to horizontally discharge the seawater containing salt particles.

19. 19. The wind turbine of claim 16, wherein the one or more outputs are configured to discharge the seawater containing salt particles in a wake of the wind turbine.

20. 20. The wind turbine of claim 1 , comprising an additive reservoir configured to store an additive, the additive preferably comprising nutrients or seeds.

21. 21. The wind turbine of claim 1 , further comprising a drive configured to drive the rotor for rotation like a fan.

22. 22. A wind park comprising a plurality of wind turbines, the wind turbine comprising one or more of the wind turbines according to any one or more of the preceding claims.

23. 23. The wind park of claim 22, wherein one or more wind turbines located downstream of the wind park with respect to a wind direction are configured and controlled to exhaust seawater containing salt particles into the atmosphere surrounding the wind turbines.

24. 24. The wind park of claim 23, wherein the wind turbine located on the downstream side of the wind park with respect to the wind direction is the wind turbine of claim 21, and a drive drives the rotor to increase the rotational speed of the rotor blades.

25. 25. The wind park according to claim 24, wherein the drive of the wind turbine located on the downstream side of the wind park with respect to the wind direction is powered by electricity generated by one or more further wind turbines of the wind park.

26. 26. The wind park according to any one or more of claims 22 to 25, wherein one or more wind turbines arranged upstream of the wind park with respect to the wind direction are configured to induce additional wind by functioning as fans.

27. 27. A system for solar radiation reflection or for providing rain, comprising a wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 21 and / or a wind park according to any one of claims 22 to 26.

28. 28. A method for solar radiation reflection or for providing rain, comprising the step of providing a wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 21, a wind park according to any one of claims 22 to 26 and / or a system according to claim 27.

29. 30. The method of claim 28, further comprising forming clouds to achieve a desired solar reflection or provision of rain.

30. 30. The method according to claim 28 or 29, further comprising the step of determining the need for providing solar reflection or rain and / or determining the optimal operation of the wind turbine and / or the wind park.

31. 31. The method of claim 30, further comprising the step of collecting information about relevant climatic conditions and / or collecting or determining a weather forecast.

32. 32. The method according to any one or more of claims 28 to 31, further comprising the step of determining an optimal operation of the wind turbine and / or the wind park.

33. 1. A kit for adapting a wind turbine for solar reflection and / or for providing rain, the kit comprising a water intake, a fluid connection, a pump and one or more nozzles or outputs.

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