Method and apparatus for secure communication with and operation of an implant - Patent Application 20070122999

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for powering an implant for a human patient and a method for powering an implant for a human patient, the apparatus comprising an implantable energy source for supplying energy to the implant, and an energy supplier connected to the implantable energy source and connected to an energy consumer of the implant, the energy supplier configured to store energy for supplying bursts of energy to the energy consumer, the energy supplier being charged by the implantable energy source and configured to supply power to the energy consumer during activation of the energy consumer.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to implants, and more particularly to methods and devices that facilitate secure communication with and operation of an implant. [Background technology]

[0002] Medical implants are designed to be implanted subcutaneously within a patient's body. Newer generations of implants are becoming increasingly sophisticated, and some implants acquire, read, and / or store data. This data can consist of various pieces of information related to various physiological parameters of the patient's body. Some implants can transmit this data via wired or wireless connections to other external or internal devices. Some data may contain sensitive information and therefore require a reliable communication approach to prevent unauthorized recipients from accessing it. Other sensitive data transferred to and / or from the implant may include information about program updates or control data for the program that controls the implant. Such data must also be protected to ensure that the implant can only be controlled by authorized users.

[0003] Therefore, improvements are needed in this context. Summary of the Invention

[0004] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to overcome or at least mitigate the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] Also provided is an external device configured to communicate with an implantable medical device according to any of the embodiments herein when implanted in a patient, the external device comprising at least one first wireless transceiver configured to communicate with the implantable medical device using a first network protocol for determining distance between the external device and the implantable medical device, and at least one second wireless transceiver configured to communicate with the implantable medical device using a second network protocol for transferring data between the external device and the implantable medical device. According to one embodiment, the first wireless transceiver comprises a UWB transceiver. According to one embodiment, the first wireless transceiver is configured for transcutaneous energy transmission for at least one of powering energy consuming components of the implantable medical device and charging the implantable energy storage unit. According to one embodiment, the second network protocol is a standard network protocol. According to one embodiment, the second wireless transceiver comprises a Bluetooth transceiver. According to one embodiment, the external device is further configured to communicate with a second external device using the at least one wireless transceiver. According to one embodiment, the external device is configured to determine the distance between the external device and the implantable medical device by determining the RSSI. According to one embodiment, the standard network protocol is one or a combination of the following: a radio frequency type protocol, an RFID type protocol, a WLAN type protocol, a Bluetooth type protocol, a BLE type protocol, an NFC type protocol, a 3G / 4G / 5G type protocol, and a GSM type protocol. According to one embodiment, the communication range of the first network protocol is less than the communication range of the second network protocol. According to one embodiment, the frequency band of the first network protocol is different from the frequency band of the second network protocol. According to one embodiment, the external device is configured to authenticate the implantable medical device if the determined distance between the external device and the implantable medical device is less than a predetermined threshold. The external device can be configured to allow data transfer between the external device and the implantable medical device after the implantable medical device is authenticated. According to one embodiment, the external device is a wearable external device. According to one embodiment, the external device is a handset. There is also provided an implantable medical device configured to communicate with an external device according to one of the embodiments herein, comprising at least one first wireless transceiver configured to communicate with the external device using a first network protocol for determining a distance between the external device and the implantable medical device, and at least one second wireless transceiver configured to communicate with the external device using a second network protocol for transferring data between the external device and the implantable medical device. According to one embodiment, the first wireless transceiver comprises a UWB transceiver. According to one embodiment, the first wireless transceiver is configured for transcutaneous energy transmission for at least one of powering energy consuming components of the implantable medical device and charging the implantable energy storage unit. According to one embodiment, the second network protocol is a standard network protocol. According to one embodiment, the second wireless transceiver comprises a Bluetooth transceiver. According to one embodiment, the implantable medical device is further configured to communicate with a second external device using the at least one wireless transceiver. According to one embodiment, the implantable medical device is configured to determine the distance between the external device and the implantable medical device by determining the RSSI. According to one embodiment, the standard network protocol is one or a combination of the following: a radio frequency type protocol, an RFID type protocol, a WLAN type protocol, a Bluetooth type protocol, a BLE type protocol, an NFC type protocol, a 3G / 4G / 5G type protocol, and a GSM type protocol. The communication range of the first network protocol may be less than the communication range of the second network protocol. The frequency band of the first network protocol may be different from the frequency band of the second network protocol. According to one embodiment, the implantable medical device is configured to authenticate the external device if the determined distance between the external device and the implantable medical device is less than a predetermined threshold. According to one embodiment, the implantable medical device can be configured to allow the transfer of data between the implantable medical device and the external device after the external device has been authenticated. There is also provided an external device configured to communicate with an implantable medical device according to any one of the embodiments disclosed herein, the external device comprising: a wireless communication unit configured to wirelessly transmit control commands to the implantable medical device and configured to wirelessly communicate with a display device; and a computing unit configured to execute control software to generate control commands for operation of the implantable medical device. The computing unit may be configured to transmit a control interface to the display device configured to display it to a user, receive user input from the display device, and convert the user input into control commands for wireless transmission to the implantable medical device. In one embodiment, the wireless communication unit comprises a wireless transceiver for wireless transmission of control commands to the implantable medical device and a control interface to the display device. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit comprises a first wireless transceiver for wirelessly transmitting control commands to the implantable medical device and a second wireless transceiver for wirelessly transmitting a control interface to the display device. The wireless communication unit, in one embodiment, may be configured to wirelessly communicate with the display device using standard network protocols. In one embodiment, the wireless communication unit is configured to wirelessly communicate with the implantable medical device using a proprietary network protocol. The wireless communication unit may comprise a Bluetooth transceiver, which may comprise one of the first and second wireless transceivers. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit comprises a UWB transceiver, which may be configured in one of the first and second wireless transceivers. The wireless communication unit may include at least one first wireless transceiver configured to communicate with the implantable medical device using a first network protocol to determine a distance between the external device and the implantable medical device, and at least one second wireless transceiver configured to communicate with the implantable medical device using a second network protocol to transfer data between the external device and the implantable medical device. According to one embodiment, the first wireless transceiver is configured for transcutaneous energy transmission for at least one of powering energy consuming components of the implantable medical device and charging the implantable energy storage unit. According to one embodiment, the standard network protocol is one or a combination of the following: a radio frequency type protocol, an RFID type protocol, a WLAN type protocol, a Bluetooth type protocol, a BLE type protocol, an NFC type protocol, a 3G / 4G / 5G type protocol, and a GSM type protocol. The communication range of the first wireless transceiver may be less than the communication range of the second wireless transceiver. The frequency band of the first network protocol may be different from the frequency band of the second network protocol. According to one embodiment, the external device is configured to authenticate the implantable medical device when the distance between the external device and the implantable medical device is less than a predetermined threshold. According to one embodiment, the external device is configured to be authenticated by the implantable medical device when the distance between the external device and the implantable medical device is less than a predetermined threshold. According to one embodiment, the external device is configured to authenticate the display device if the distance between the external device and the display device is less than a predetermined threshold. According to one embodiment, the external device is configured to be authenticated by the implantable medical device when the distance between the external device and the display device is less than a predetermined threshold. The external device may be configured to allow data transfer between the external device and the implantable medical device and / or between the external device and the display device based on authentication. According to one embodiment, the computing device is configured to encrypt at least one of the control interface and the control commands. There is further provided a display device for communicating with an external device for communicating with the implantable medical device, the display device comprising a wireless communication unit configured to wirelessly receive an implant control interface from the external device and configured to wirelessly transmit implant control user input to the external device, the display device further comprising a display for displaying the received implant control interface and an input device for receiving implant control input from a user. According to one embodiment, the display device further comprises an auxiliary wireless communication unit configured to be disabled to enable at least one of wirelessly receiving implant control interface from the external device and wirelessly transmitting implant control user input to the external device. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit is configured to wirelessly communicate with external devices using standard network protocols. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit is configured to wirelessly communicate with external devices using a proprietary network protocol. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit comprises a Bluetooth transceiver. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit comprises a UWB transceiver. According to one embodiment, the standard network protocol is one or a combination of the following: a radio frequency type protocol, an RFID type protocol, a WLAN type protocol, a Bluetooth type protocol, a BLE type protocol, an NFC type protocol, a 3G / 4G / 5G type protocol, and a GSM type protocol. The communication range of the wireless communication unit of the display device may be smaller than the communication range of the auxiliary wireless communication unit. According to one embodiment, the display device is configured to authenticate the external device if the distance between the display device and the external device is less than a predetermined threshold. According to one embodiment, the display device is configured to be authenticated by the external device if the distance between the display device and the external device is less than a predetermined threshold. According to one embodiment, the display device is configured to allow data transfer between the display device and the external device based on authentication. The display device may be a wearable external device or a handset. There is also provided a communication system enabling communication between a display device and an implantable medical device. The communication system comprises: a display device; a server; and an external device. The display device comprises a wireless communication unit configured to wirelessly receive an implant control interface from the server, the implant control interface being provided by the external device, the wireless communication unit further configured to wirelessly transmit implant control user inputs intended for the external device to the server, and the communication unit comprises a display for displaying the received implant control interface and an input device for receiving implant control inputs from a user. The server of the communication system comprises a wireless communication unit configured to wirelessly receive the implant control interface from the external device and wirelessly transmit the implant control interface to the display device, and the wireless communication unit is further configured to wirelessly receive the implant control user inputs from the display device and wirelessly transmit the implant control user inputs to the external device. The external device of the communication system comprises a wireless communication unit configured to wirelessly transmit control commands to the implantable medical device, the wireless communication unit configured to wirelessly communicate with the server, and a computing unit configured as follows: It transmits commands to the server for operation of the implantable medical device, transmits control interface commands to the server for the display device, and receives implant control user input generated by the server. The server converts user inputs entered into the display device into control commands for wireless transmission to the implantable medical device. According to one embodiment, the computing device of the communication system is configured to encrypt at least one of the control interface and the control commands. According to one embodiment, the display device is configured to encrypt user input. According to one embodiment, the server is configured to encrypt at least one of the user input received from the display device and the control interface received from the external device. According to one embodiment, the computing device is configured to encrypt the control interface and the display device is configured to decrypt the encrypted control interface. According to one embodiment, the server is configured to act as a router and forward encrypted control interfaces from the external device to the display device without decrypting them.

[0010] Also provided is a display device for communicating with an external device for communicating with an implantable medical device, the display device comprising a wireless communication unit, a display, and an input device for receiving implant control input from a user. The display device is configured to execute a first application for wireless communication with a server and a second application for wireless communication with an external device for transmitting the implant control input to the external device for communication with the implantable medical device, the second application being configured to be accessed via the first application. The display device can comprise a first login function and a second login function, the first login function allowing a user to access the first application, and a combination of the first and second login functions allowing a user to access the second application. According to one embodiment, the initial login is a PIN-based login. According to one embodiment, at least one of the first and second logins is a biometric input or a hardware key based login. According to one embodiment, the display device further comprises an auxiliary wireless communication unit, the auxiliary wireless communication unit being configured to be disabled to enable wireless communication with an external device. According to one embodiment, the display device is configured to wirelessly receive from the external device the implant control interface to be displayed on the display. According to one embodiment of the display device, the wireless communication unit is configured to wirelessly communicate with external devices using standard network protocols. According to one embodiment of the display device, the wireless communication unit is configured to wirelessly communicate with external devices using a proprietary network protocol. According to one embodiment of the display device, the wireless communication unit is configured to wirelessly communicate with an external device using a first network protocol and to wirelessly communicate with a server using a second network protocol. According to one embodiment of the display device, the wireless communication unit is configured to perform wireless communication with an external device using a first frequency band, and to perform wireless communication with a server using a second frequency band. According to one embodiment of the display device, the wireless communication unit comprises a Bluetooth transceiver. According to one embodiment of the display device, the wireless communication unit comprises an UWB transceiver. According to one embodiment, the standard network protocol is one or a combination of the following: a radio frequency type protocol, an RFID type protocol, a WLAN type protocol, a Bluetooth type protocol, a BLE type protocol, an NFC type protocol, a 3G / 4G / 5G type protocol, and a GSM type protocol. According to one embodiment, the communication range of the wireless communication unit is smaller than the communication range of the auxiliary wireless communication unit. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit comprises a first wireless transceiver for communicating with an external device and a second wireless transceiver for communicating with a server. The second wireless transceiver may be configured to be disabled to allow wireless communication using the first wireless transceiver. According to one embodiment, the display device is configured to authenticate the external device when the distance between the display device and the external device is less than a predetermined threshold, and the display device is configured to be authenticated by the external device when the distance between the display device and the external device is less than a predetermined threshold. According to one embodiment, the display device is configured to allow data transfer between the display device and the external device based on authentication. The display device may be a wearable external device or a handset. According to one embodiment of the display device, the second application may be configured to receive data relating to a parameter of the implanted medical device. According to one embodiment, the second application is configured to receive data related to sensor values ​​received from the implanted medical device. According to one embodiment, the second application is configured to receive data regarding parameters related to at least one of the following: battery status, temperature, time, and errors. According to one embodiment, the display device is configured to encrypt user input. According to one embodiment, the display is configured to encrypt user input for decoding by the implantable medical device. According to one embodiment, the display device is configured to decode the control interface received from the external device and display the control interface on the display. According to one embodiment, at least one of the first and second applications is configured to receive data from the auxiliary external device and present the received data to a user. At least one of the first and second applications may be configured to receive data from an auxiliary external device that includes a scale for determining the user's weight. According to one embodiment, at least one of the first and second applications may be configured to receive data regarding the user's weight from an auxiliary external device comprising a weight scale. According to one embodiment, the display device is configured to wirelessly transmit data regarding the user's weight to an external device, wirelessly transmit instructions derived from the data regarding the user's weight, or wirelessly transmit instructions derived from a combination of the data regarding the user's weight and implant control input received from the user. A communication system for enabling communication between a display device and an implantable medical device is also provided. The communication system includes a display device, a server, and an external device. The display device includes a wireless communication unit configured to wirelessly receive an implant control interface from the external device, and the wireless communication unit is further configured to wirelessly transmit an implant control user input to the external device. The display device further includes a display for displaying the received implant control interface and an input device for receiving an implant control input from a user, and the display device is configured to execute a first application for wireless communication with the server and a second application for wireless communication with the external device for transmitting the implant control input to the external device for communication with the implantable medical device. The external device includes a wireless communication unit configured to wirelessly transmit a control command to the implantable medical device based on the implant control input and configured to wirelessly communicate with the display device. According to one embodiment, the display device has a first login function and a second login function, the first login function allowing a user to access a first application, and the combination of the first and second login functions allowing a user to access a second application. The second application may be configured to receive data related to a parameter of the implanted medical device, and the second application may be configured to receive data related to a sensor value received from the implanted medical device. According to one embodiment, the second application is configured to receive data regarding parameters related to at least one of the following: battery status, temperature, time, and errors. According to one embodiment, the display device is configured to encrypt user input. According to one embodiment, the display is configured to encrypt user input for decoding by the implantable medical device. According to one embodiment, the external device is configured to act as a router that forwards encrypted user input from the display device to the implantable medical device without decrypting it. According to one embodiment, the external device is configured to encrypt at least one of the control interface and the control commands. According to one embodiment, the external device is configured to encrypt the control interface and the display device is configured to decrypt the encrypted control interface. Further provided is a computer program product configured to run on a display device comprising a wireless communication unit, a display for displaying a received implant control interface, and an input device for receiving implant control input from a user, the computer program product including a first application for communication with a server and a second application for communication with an external device for transmitting the implant control input to the external device for communication with the implantable medical device, the second application configured to be accessed via the first application, the computer program product further comprising a first login function and a second login function, the first login function allowing a user to access the first application, and a combination of the first and second login functions allowing a user to access the second application. According to one embodiment of the computer program product, the second application is configured to receive data relating to a parameter of the implanted medical device. According to one embodiment of the computer program product, the second application is configured to receive data related to the sensor value received from the implanted medical device. According to one embodiment of the computer program product, the second application is configured to receive data relating to parameters relating to at least one of a battery status, a temperature, a time, or an error. There is also provided a communication system enabling communication between a display device, an external device, a server, and an implantable medical device. The communication system comprises a server, a display device, an external device, and an implantable medical device. The display device comprises a wireless communication unit for wirelessly communicating with at least one of the external device and the server, a display, and an input device for receiving input from a user. The external device comprises: a wireless communication unit configured to wirelessly transmit control commands to the implantable medical device and configured to wirelessly communicate with at least one of the display device and the server. The server comprises: a wireless communication unit configured to wirelessly communicate with at least one of the display device and the external device. The implantable medical device comprises: a wireless communication unit configured for wirelessly communicating with the external device.The implantable medical device comprises an encryption unit, the encryption unit is configured to encrypt data destined for a server and transmit the data to the server via an external device, the external device being configured to function as a router that forwards the data without full decryption, or the implantable medical device comprises an encryption unit and is configured to: encrypt data destined for a display device and transmit the data to the display device via an external device, the external device being configured to function as a router that forwards the data without full decryption, or the server comprises an encryption unit and is configured to: encrypt data destined for the implantable medical device and transmit the data to the implantable medical device via an external device, the external device being configured to function as a router that forwards the data without full decryption, or the server is configured to: encrypt data destined for the implantable medical device and transmit the data to the implantable medical device via an external device, the external device being configured to function as a router that forwards the data without full decryption, or The unit is configured to: encrypt data intended for the implantable medical device and transmit the data to the implantable medical device via the display device and the external device, the display device and the external device functioning as a router that forwards the data without full decryption; or the display device includes an encryption unit and is configured to: encrypt data intended for the implantable medical device and transmit the data to the implantable medical device via the external device, the external device functioning as a router that forwards the data without full decryption; or the display device includes an encryption unit and is configured to encrypt data intended for the implantable medical device and transmit the data to the implantable medical device via the server and the external device, the server and the external device functioning as routers that forward the data without full decryption. According to one embodiment, the display device is configured to wirelessly receive from the external device the implant control interface to be displayed on the display. According to one embodiment of the communication system, at least two of the wireless communication unit of the server, the wireless communication unit of the display device, the wireless communication unit of the external device, and the wireless communication unit of the implantable medical device are configured for wireless communication using a standard network protocol. According to one embodiment, at least two of the wireless communication unit of the server, the wireless communication unit of the display device, the wireless communication unit of the external device, and the wireless communication unit of the implantable medical device are configured for wireless communication using a proprietary network protocol. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit of the external device is configured to use a first network protocol for communication with the implantable medical device and a second network protocol for communication with the server, or to use the first network protocol for communication with the implantable medical device and the second network protocol for communication with the display device. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit of the external device is configured to use a first frequency band for communication with the implantable medical device and a second frequency band for communication with the server, or to use the first frequency band for communication with the implantable medical device and the second frequency band for communication with the display device. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit of the display device is configured to use a first network protocol for communication with the external device and a second network protocol for communication with the server. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit of the display device is configured to use a first frequency band for communication with the external device and a second frequency band for communication with the server. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit of the server is configured to use a first network protocol for communication with the external device and a second network protocol for communication with the display device. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit of the server is configured to use a first frequency band for communication with the external device and a second frequency band for communication with the display device. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit of at least one of the server, the display device, the external device, and the implantable medical device comprises a Bluetooth transceiver. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit of at least one of the server, the display device, the external device, and the implantable medical device comprises a UWB transceiver. According to one embodiment, the standard network protocol is one from the following list: a radio frequency type protocol, an RFID type protocol, a WLAN type protocol, a Bluetooth type protocol, a BLE type protocol, an NFC type protocol, a 3G / 4G / 5G type protocol, and a GSM type protocol. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit of the external device comprises a first wireless transceiver for wireless communication with the implantable medical device and a second wireless transceiver for wireless communication with the server, the second wireless transceiver having a longer effective range than the first wireless transceiver. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit of the external device comprises a first wireless transceiver for wireless communication with the implantable medical device and a second wireless transceiver for wireless communication with the display device, the second wireless transceiver having a longer effective range than the first wireless transceiver. According to one embodiment, the wireless communication unit of the display device comprises a first wireless transceiver for wirelessly communicating with an external device and a second wireless transceiver for wirelessly communicating with a server, the second wireless transceiver having a longer effective range than the first wireless transceiver. According to one embodiment, the second wireless transceiver has one of the following ranges: 2x, 4x, 8x, 20x, 50x, or 100x. According to one embodiment, the second wireless transceiver is configured to be disabled to allow wireless communication using the first wireless transceiver. According to one embodiment, at least one of the communication systems is as follows: The display device is configured to authenticate the external device when a distance between the display device and the external device is less than a predetermined threshold. The display device is configured to be authenticated by the external device when a distance between the display device and the external device is less than a predetermined threshold. the display device is configured to authenticate the implantable medical device when a distance between the display device and the implantable medical device is less than a predetermined threshold; the display device is configured to be authenticated by the implantable medical device when a distance between the display device and the implantable medical device is less than a predetermined threshold; The external device is configured to authenticate the display device when a distance between the external device and the display device is less than a predetermined threshold. The external device is configured to be authenticated by the display device when a distance between the external device and the display device is less than a predetermined threshold. the external device is configured to authenticate the implantable medical device when a distance between the external device and the implantable medical device is less than a predetermined threshold; and The external device is configured to be authenticated by the implantable medical device if the distance between the external device and the implantable medical device is less than a predetermined threshold. According to one embodiment of the communication system, the display device may be configured to allow data transfer between the display device and the external device based on authentication. According to one embodiment of the communication system, the external device is configured to allow data transfer between the display device and the external device based on authentication. According to one embodiment of the communication system, the external device is configured to enable data transfer between the external device and the implantable medical device based on authentication. According to one embodiment of the communication system, the display device is a wearable external device or a handset. According to one embodiment of the communication system, the data encrypted by the implantable medical device relates to at least one of battery status, temperature, time, or errors. The invention as set forth in any one of 1 to 24 above further comprises a server for use in the communication system according to any one of the above embodiments. There is further provided a display device for use in a communication system according to any one of the above embodiments. There is further provided an external device for use in a communication system according to any one of the above embodiments. There is further provided an implantable medical device for use in a communication system according to any one of the above embodiments. The embodiments, parts of embodiments, methods or parts of methods may be combined in any applicable manner. According to one embodiment, the body engaging portion is a retraction device configured to retract a hollow organ of the patient, and the body engaging portion may comprise an implantable retraction device. According to one embodiment, the implantable constriction device comprises an implantable constriction device for constricting a hollow organ of a patient, which may be the patient's intestine, such as the patient's colon or rectum, or the region of the patient's stoma. According to one embodiment, the hollow organ may be a blood vessel of the patient. The implantable constriction device may be a device for constricting venous blood flow directed from the erectile tissue to facilitate anchoring of the erectile tissue, or may be a device configured to constrict a portion of a blood vessel having an aneurysm. According to one embodiment, the hollow organ may be the patient's vas deferens. According to one embodiment, the body engaging portion may comprise an implantable element for actively emptying the patient's bladder, and the implantable element for actively emptying the patient's bladder may be configured to empty the patient's bladder by compressing the bladder from the outside thereof. The implantable medical devices / implants described and disclosed herein may include at least one of the following implantable components and / or features: external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; a pump function assist device comprising a turbine bump placed in a patient's blood vessel to assist the pumping function of the heart; Operable artificial heart valves, A steerable artificial heart valve to increase blood flow to the coronary arteries. implantable drug delivery devices, an implantable drug delivery device that can inject directly into a blood vessel and reposition the injection site; an implantable drug delivery device for injecting an efficacy-enhancing drug into the patient's erectile tissue; hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, an operable implant for stretching the patient's stomach wall to produce a feeling of fullness; an implant configured to sense the frequency with which the patient consumes food; Operable cosmetic implants, The resulting shape and size of the breast implant-controlled medical devices for emptying the bladder; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants to prevent the expansion of aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, implants that affect blood flow to the patient's erectile tissue; implants to simulate erectile tissue expansion, Implants with reservoirs for storing bodily fluids; Implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs. reservoir implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, An implant that controls the flow of sperm within the uterine canal, An implant that controls the flow of sperm in the vas deferens, implants that block sperm transport in the vas deferens; implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control blood pressure by affecting the dilation of the renal arteries; implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; vascular treatment equipment, implants that move fluid within a patient's body; an implant configured to sense a parameter associated with swallowing in a patient; an implant configured to exercise muscles by electrical or mechanical stimulation; an implant configured to empty a portion of the intestinal tract on command; a maneuverable implant configured to be inserted into the patient's stomach to reduce the volume of the stomach substantially below the volume of the device; an implant configured to compress the bladder to empty the bladder from within the patient; an implant configured to drain fluid from within a patient's body; an implant configured to apply lubricating fluid to the joint to actively lubricate it; an implant configured to remove blood clots and particles from a patient's bloodstream; an implant configured to lengthen or correct a patient's bone to reduce scoliosis; Brain stimulation devices, An artificial stomach that replaces the functions of a natural stomach an implant configured to adjust the position of the female urethra or bladder neck; An implant configured to stimulate the vascular ampulla, causing temporary constriction.

[0006] Aspect 244SE Implantable Reset Switch - Implant Including Reset Function - Embodiments of Aspect 244SE of the Disclosure In a first portion of Aspect 244SE, an implant is provided. The implant includes an internal computing unit configured to control functions of the implant. The internal computing unit includes an internal memory configured to store a first control program for controlling the functions and an updatable second control program for controlling the functions of the implant. The implant includes an internal communications unit configured to configure the internal computing unit and to communicate with an external device. The internal computing unit is configured to receive updates to the second control program via the internal communications unit. The implant further includes a reset function of the internal computing unit, connected to or transmitted to the internal computing unit, the reset function configured to cause the internal computing unit to switch from executing the second control program to executing the first control program. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 244SE, the reset function is configured to cause the internal processing unit to delete the second control program from the internal memory. According to some embodiments of first portion of aspect 244SE, the internal communication unit includes an internal wireless transceiver for wirelessly communicating with the external device. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 244SE, the internal communication unit is electrically connected to the external device and configured to communicate with the external device using the body of the patient in which the implant is implanted as a conductor. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 244SE, the reset feature is configured to be operated by palpation of the skin of a patient in which the implant is implanted. According to some embodiments of first portion of side 244SE, the reset feature is configured to be operated by penetration of the skin of a patient in whom the implant is implanted. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 244SE, the reset feature is configured to be operated by a magnetic force from outside the patient's body in which the implant is implanted. According to some embodiments of first portion of side 244SE, the reset function is configured to be activated by application of the magnetic force for a period of time greater than 2 seconds. According to some embodiments of first portion of side 244SE, the reset function is configured to be activated by application of the magnetic force for a period of time greater than 5 seconds. According to some embodiments of first portion of side 244SE, the reset function is configured to be activated by application of the magnetic force for a period of time greater than 10 seconds. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 244SE, the implant further comprises a feedback unit configured to provide feedback related to the internal computing device switching from executing the second control program to executing the first control program. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 244SE, the feedback unit is configured to provide visual feedback. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 244SE, the feedback unit is configured to provide audible feedback. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 244SE, the feedback unit is configured to provide tactile feedback. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 244SE, the feedback unit is configured to provide feedback in the form of a wireless signal. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 244SE, the internal memory is configured to store a third control program for controlling the function of the implant, and the internal computing device is configured to update the second control program to the third control program. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 244SE, the implant has a first power source for executing the first control program and a second power source, different from the first power source, for executing the second control program. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 244SE, the first power source comprises a first internal energy storage device and the second power source comprises a second internal energy storage device. 170 ... According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 244SE, the first energy receiver is configured to receive energy via RFID pulses. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 244SE, the implant further includes a feedback unit configured to provide feedback related to the internal computing unit switching from executing the second control program to executing the first control program, the feedback related to the amount of energy received via the RFID pulse. In a second part of aspect 244SE, a method for switching between a first control program and a second control program for controlling the function of the implant is provided. an internal computing unit configured to control functions of the implant, the internal computing unit comprising an internal memory configured to store a first control program for controlling the functions and an updatable second control program for controlling the functions of the implant. The implant further comprises an internal communication unit configured to configure the internal computing unit and to communicate with an external device, the internal computing unit configured to receive updates to the second control program via the internal communication unit; and a reset function of or connected to the internal computing unit, the reset function configured to cause the internal computing unit to switch from executing the second control program to executing the first control program. a step of activating the reset function; and a step of instructing the internal processing unit to switch from executing the second control program to executing the first control program by the reset function. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 244SE, the method further includes deleting, by an internal computing unit, the second control program from the internal memory. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 244SE, the internal memory is configured to store a third control program for controlling the function of the implant, the internal computing device is configured to update the second control program to the third control program, and the method further includes a step of updating the second control program to the third control program. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 244SE, the method further includes, after updating the second control program, switching, by an internal computing unit, from executing the first control program to executing the first second program. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 244SE, an internal communication unit is electrically connected to the external device and configured to communicate with the external device using the body of a patient in which the implant is implanted as a conductor, and the method further includes communicating an update of a second control program from the external device to the internal communication unit, and switching, by the internal computing unit, from executing the first control program to executing the first second program after updating the second control program. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 244SE, activating the reset function includes palpating the skin of the patient in which the implant is implanted. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 244SE, activating the reset function comprises piercing the skin of a patient in which the implant is implanted. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 244SE, activating the reset function comprises applying a magnetic force from outside the body of the patient in which the implant is implanted. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 244SE, the method further includes providing feedback by a feedback unit of the implant, the feedback related to the internal computing unit switching from executing the second control program to executing the first control program. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 244SE, the implant has a first power source for executing the first control program and a second power source different from the first power source for executing the second control program, the first power source having a first energy receiver and the second power source having a second energy receiver, and the method further includes supplying energy to the first energy receiver by an energy transmitter of the external device. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 244SE, providing energy to the first energy receiver by the energy transmitter of the external device includes providing the energy using RFID pulses. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 244SE, the implant has a feedback unit configured to provide feedback related to the internal computing unit, and the method further includes providing feedback to the energy transmitter by the feedback unit, the feedback related to the amount of energy received via the RFID pulse, and adjusting, by the energy transmitter, parameters of a subsequent RFID pulse based on the feedback. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 244SE, the parameters of the subsequent RFID pulse comprise at least one of an energy level, a pulse frequency, and a pulse amplitude. The method according to aspect 244SE may be implemented in software, which may be a computer program product including a computer-readable storage medium having instructions adapted to perform the method when executed by a device having processing capabilities, which may be an external device or a computing device within an implant. According to some embodiments of the preceding aspect 244SE, the reset function is a reset switch. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 244SE, the reset function is a reset switch. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 244SE, the internal computing unit is further configured for: receiving an update of the second control program from the external device; updating the second control program; switching, by the internal computing unit, from executing the first control program to executing the second control program after updating the second control program; According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 244SE, the reset function is triggered by an update of the first or second control program. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 244SE, the reset function is triggered by a malfunction of the first or second control program. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 244SE, the reset function is triggered by a malfunction of an active device of the implant. According to some embodiments of first portion of side 244SE, the reset function is configured to be operated by NFC. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 244SE, the reset function is configured to trigger implant diagnostics that are transmitted from the implant to the external device. According to some embodiments of first portion of side 244SE, the reset function is configured to be activated by applying the magnetic force at least twice. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 244SE, the first energy receiver is configured to receive energy conductively or inductively. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 244SE, the reset function is configured to be triggered when the first energy receiver is receiving energy. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 244SE, the first control program is configured to be powered and executed by conductively or inductively received energy. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 244SE, the amount of energy received via the RFID pulse is encoded into a variable pulse feedback signal provided by a feedback unit. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 244SE, the implant comprises at least one of the following: Pacemaker units or implantable cardioverter defibrillators, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for stretching the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants for treating infertility, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, Active electrically controlled implants that do not have an electrical cardiac stimulation system, Active electrically controlled non-cardiac stimulation implants, Implants adapted for electrical muscle stimulation, a non-neurostimulation system; Active non-stimulating implants, High-current electrical stimulation implants, defined as currents exceeding 1 mA or currents exceeding 5 mA, 10 mA, or 20 mA; implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 244SE, the implant comprises an internal control unit adapted to be involved in at least some of the operations performed by the implant in at least some of any one of the other embodiments of aspect 244SE.

[0007] Aspect 245SE Two-Part Key - Encrypted Communication Between Implant and External Device - Embodiments of the Second Aspect of the Disclosure In a first part of aspect 245SE, a method of communication between an external device and an implant is provided. The method is performed when the implant is implanted in a patient and the external device is positioned outside the patient's body. The external device is adapted to be electrically connected to the implant using the body as a conductor. The implant and the external device each include a wireless transceiver. The method includes verifying the electrical connection between the implant and the external device, transmitting data from the external device to the implant wirelessly or via the electrical connection, and using the received data to instruct the implant upon verification. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 245SE, wirelessly transmitting the data from the external device to the implant includes wirelessly transmitting encrypted data. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 245SE, the method further includes transmitting a key from the external device to the implant using an electrical connection, receiving the key at the implant, and using the key to decrypt the encrypted data. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 245SE, the method further includes wirelessly transmitting a second key from the external device to the implant, receiving the second key at the implant, deriving a combined key from the key and the second key, and decrypting the encrypted data using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 245SE, the method further includes wirelessly transmitting a third key to the implant from a second external device separate from the external device, receiving the third key at the implant, deriving a combined key from the key and the third key, and decrypting the encrypted data using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 245SE, the method further includes wirelessly transmitting a third key to the implant from a second external device separate from the external device, receiving the third key at the implant, deriving a combined key from the key, the second key, and the third key, and decrypting the encrypted data using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 245SE, the external device is a wearable external device. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 245SE, the external device is a handset. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 245SE, the second external device is a handset. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 245SE, the second external device is a server. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 245SE, the second external device is cloud-based. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 245SE, wirelessly transmitting the third key to the implant from a second external device separate from the external device includes routing the third key through the external device. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 245SE, the step of transmitting data includes transmitting data including operation instructions to the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 245SE, the method further includes performing at least one of the steps of updating a control program running in the implant using the received data and operating the implant using the operating instructions. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 245SE, the method further includes placing a conductive member configured to connect to an external device in electrical connection with the patient's skin to conductively communicate with the implant. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 245SE, the step of transmitting data from the external device to the implant is to perform the data transmission via the electrical connection including transmitting at least one of encrypted data, pulses, positive or negative transients, different frequencies, and use of capacitive coupling. In a second part of aspect 245SE, an implant adapted to communicate with an external device when implanted in a patient is provided, the implant including: a first internal transceiver configured to be electrically connected to the external device using the body as a conductor; and a wireless receiver configured to receive wireless communications from the external device to receive data from the external device. The implant further includes a computing unit configured to verify the electrical connection between the external device and the first internal transceiver and to accept wireless communications from the external device based on the verification. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 245SE, the wireless receiver is configured to receive wireless communications including encrypted data, and the computing unit is further configured to decrypt the encrypted data received wirelessly from the external device. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 245SE, the first internal transceiver is further configured to receive a key from the external device, and the computing unit is further configured to use the key to decrypt the encrypted data. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 245SE, the wireless transceiver is further configured to receive a second key from the external device, and the computing unit is further configured to derive a combined key from the key and the second key and use the derived combined key to decrypt the encrypted data. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 245SE, the wireless transceiver is further configured to receive a third key from the second external device, and the computing unit is further configured to derive a combined key from the key and the third key and use the derived combined key to decrypt the encrypted data. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 245SE, the implant includes a second wireless receiver for receiving wireless communications from a second external device. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 245SE, the computing unit is further configured to use the received data to at least one of update a control program running in the implant and operate the implant using the operating instructions. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 245SE, the implant comprises at least one of the following: Pacemaker units or implantable cardioverter defibrillators, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for stretching the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids It was a reservoir, it was a reservoir, it was a reservoir, it was a reservoir, implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, Active electrically controlled implants that do not have an electrical cardiac stimulation system, Active electrically controlled non-cardiac stimulation implants, Implants adapted for electrical muscle stimulation, a non-neurostimulation system; Active non-stimulating implants, High-current electrical stimulation implants, defined as currents greater than 1 mA, or currents greater than 5 mA, 10 mA, or 20 mA; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 245SE, the implant comprises an internal control unit adapted to be involved in at least some of the operations performed by the implant in at least some of the above embodiments of any one of aspect 245SE. In a third part of aspect 245SE, an external device adapted to communicate with the implant when implanted in a patient is provided, the external device including a first external transmitter configured to electrically connect with the implant using the body as a conductor, and a wireless transmitter configured to transmit wireless communications to the implant. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 245SE, the wireless transmitter is configured to transmit wireless communications that include encrypted data. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 245SE, the first external transmitter is further configured to transmit a key to the implant, the key being a key for decrypting the encrypted data. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 245SE, the wireless transmitter is further configured to transmit a second key to the implant, the second key being configured to be used in combination with the key to decrypt the encrypted data. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 245SE, the external device is further configured to receive a second wireless communication from a second external device and to transmit the second wireless communication to the implant. According to some embodiments of the third portion of side 245SE, the external device is a wearable external device. According to some embodiments of the third part of aspect 245SE, the external device is a handset. In a fourth part of aspect 245SE, a system is provided that includes the implant of aspect 245SE and an external device. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of aspect 245SE, an implant is implanted in a patient, and the system further includes a conductive member configured to be electrically connected to an external device, the conductive member configured to be positioned in electrical connection with the patient's skin for conductive communication with the implant. In a fifth part of aspect 245SE, there is provided a computer program product adapted to be executed on or of an external device adapted to communicate with an implant when implanted in a patient, the external device comprising: a first external transmitter configured to electrically connect with the implant using the body as a conductor; --Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are--Computer program products are-- According to some embodiments of the fifth portion of aspect 245SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the wireless transmitter to transmit a wireless communication including encrypted data. According to some embodiments of the fifth portion of aspect 245SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the first external transmitter to transmit a key to the implant, the key being a key for decrypting the encrypted data. According to some embodiments of the fifth portion of aspect 245SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the wireless transmitter to transmit a second key to the implant, the second key being configured to be used in combination with the key to decrypt the encrypted data. According to some embodiments of the fifth portion of aspect 245SE, the computer program product is externally configured to receive a secondary wireless communication from a second external device and transmit data received in the secondary wireless communication to the implant. In a fifth part of aspect 245SE, there is provided a computer program product of or adapted to be executed on an implant adapted for communication with an external device when implanted in a patient, the implant comprising: a first external transmitter configured to electrically connect with the implant using the body as a conductor; Here, the computer program product is configured to cause the wireless transmitter to transmit wireless communications to an external device.

[0008] Aspect 246SE Three-Part Key - Multi-Party Encrypted Communication Between Implant and External Device - An embodiment of Aspect 246SE of the present disclosure In a first portion of aspect 246SE, a method of communication between an external device and an implant is provided, wherein the implant is implanted in a patient, the external device is positioned outside the patient's body, and the implant and the external device each include a wireless transceiver. The method includes: - receiving, at the implant, a first key from the external device; - receiving, by wireless transmission, at the implant, a second key, the second key being generated by a second external device separate from the external device or by another external device that is a generator of the second key on behalf of the second external device, the second key being received at the implant from any of the external device, the second external device, and the generator of the second key; - deriving a composite key by combining the first key and the second key with a third key held by the implant; transmitting the encrypted data from the external device to the implant by wireless transmission; - Decrypt the encrypted data in the implant using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 246SE, the external device is adapted to be electrically connected to the implant using the body as a conductor, and the implant receives the first key using the electrical connection. - receiving, at the implant, a fourth key from a third external device, the third external device being distinct from the external device; - deriving a combined key by combining the first, second, and fourth keys with a third key held by the implant; - Decrypt the encrypted data in the implant using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 246SE, the encrypted data originates from a second or third external device. According to some embodiments of aspect 246SE, the method further includes modifying operation of the implant, including controlling or switching an active unit of the implant. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 246SE, the method further includes verifying an electrical connection between the implant and the external device and, as a result of the verification, altering operation of the implant based on the decoded data. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 246SE, the verification of the electrical connection is configured as follows: - measuring patient parameters by the implant; - measuring patient parameters by external devices; - comparing the parameters measured by the implant with parameters measured by an external device; - Authenticate the connection based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 246SE, the method further includes the steps of: - measuring patient parameters by the implant; - measuring patient parameters by external devices; - comparing the parameters measured by the implant with parameters measured by an external device; - authenticating a connection between the implant and the external device based on the comparison; - Upon verification, the implant changes its behavior based on the decrypted data. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 246SE, the external device is a wearable external device. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 246SE, the external device is a handset. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 246SE, the second and / or third external device is a handset. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 246SE, the second and / or third external device is a server. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 246SE, the second and / or third external device is cloud-based. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 246SE, the first key is routed from the second external device to the external device. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 246SE, the fourth key is from a third external device via an external device. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 246SE, the method further includes at least one of the following steps: - Update the control program running within the implant based on the decrypted data; - Operate the implant using the operating instructions contained in the decrypted data. According to some embodiments of aspect 246SE, one or more of the first, second, and third keys comprise a biometric key. In a second part of aspect 246SE, a method for encrypted communication between an external device and an implant is provided, the method including: receiving, at the external device, a first key, the first key being generated by a second external device separate from the external device, or by another external device that is a generator of the second key on behalf of the second external device, the first key being received from both the second external device and the generator of the second key; - receiving, at the external device, the second key from the implant; - deriving a combined key by combining the first key and the second key with a third key held by the external device; - transmitting the encrypted data from the implant to an external device; - The encrypted data is decrypted in an external device using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 246SE, the method further includes: - receiving, at the external device, a fourth key from a third external device; - deriving a combined key by combining the first, second, and fourth keys with a third key possessed by the external device; - The encrypted data is decrypted in an external device using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 246SE, the external device is a wearable external device. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 246SE, the external device is a handset. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 246SE, the second and / or third external device is a handset. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 246SE, the second and / or third external device is a server. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 246SE, the second and / or third external device is cloud-based. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 246SE, one or more of the first, second, and third keys comprises a biometric key. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 246SE, the method further includes authenticating communication between the implant and the external device, including the steps of: measuring patient parameters via the implant; measuring patient parameters by an external device; comparing the parameters measured by the implant with parameters measured by an external device; authenticating a connection between the implant and the external device based on the comparison; As a result of authentication, the encrypted data is decrypted on the external device using the combined key. According to some embodiments of part 1 or part 2 of aspect 246SE, the method further includes placing a conductive member configured to communicate with an external device in electrical connection with the patient's skin so as to be in conductive communication with the implant. In a third portion of side 246SE, an implant adapted for communication with an external device when the implant is implanted in a patient is provided, the implant including a wireless transceiver configured to receive wireless communications, the wireless transceiver configured as follows: - receiving a first key from an external device; - receiving a second key, the second key being generated by a second external device separate from the external device or by another external device that is the generator of the second key on behalf of the second external device, the second key being received at the implant from any of the external device, the second external device, and the generator of the second key; - receiving encrypted data, The implant further includes a computing unit configured as follows: - deriving a combined key by combining the first and second keys with a third key held by the implant; - Decrypt the encrypted data using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the third part of aspect 246SE, the wireless transceiver is configured as follows: - receiving a fourth key from a third external device; Here, the arithmetic unit is configured as follows: - The first, fourth, and third implants - Decrypt the encrypted data using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 246SE, the computing unit is configured to alter operation of the implant based on the decoded data. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 246SE, the computing unit is configured to control or switch active units of the implant. According to some embodiments of the third part of aspect 246SE, the computing unit is configured to: verify a connection between the implant and the external device, and as a result of the verification, modify operation of the implant based on the decoded data. According to some embodiments of the third part of aspect 246SE, the verification of the electrical connection comprises: - measuring patient parameters by the implant; - receiving measured parameters of the patient from an external device; - comparing the parameters measured by the implant with parameters measured by an external device; - Check the connection based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the third part of aspect 246SE, the computing unit is configured for at least one of updating a control program running within the implant based on the decoded data and operating the implant using operating instructions in the decoded data. According to some embodiments of the third part of aspect 246SE, the third key comprises a biometric key. In a fourth part of aspect 246SE, an external device adapted for communication with the implant when the implant is implanted in a patient is provided, the external device including a wireless transceiver configured to receive wireless communications and configured as follows: - receiving a first key, the first key being generated by a second external device separate from the external device or by another external device that is a generator of the second key on behalf of the second external device, the first key being received from both the second external device and the generator of the second key; - Receive the second key from the implant, - receiving encrypted data from the implant, The external device further comprises a computing unit configured as follows: - deriving a combined key by combining the first and second keys with a third key held by the external device; - Decrypt the encrypted data using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 246SE, the wireless transceiver is configured as follows: - receiving a fourth key from a third external device; Here, the arithmetic unit is configured as follows: - deriving a combined key by combining the first, second and fourth keys with a third key possessed by the external device; - Decrypt the encrypted data using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of side 246SE, the external device is a wearable external device. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 246SE, the external device is a handset. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 246SE, the computing unit is configured to verify communication between the implant and the external device, the verification comprising: - measuring patient parameters by external devices; - receiving patient measurement parameters from the implant; - comparing the parameters measured by the implant with parameters measured by an external device; - Check the connection based on comparison, - As a result of the verification, the encrypted data is decrypted on the external device using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 246SE, the third key comprises a biometric key. In a fifth section of aspect 246SE, a system is provided including an implant according to the third section of aspect 246SE and an external device according to the fourth section of aspect 246SE, wherein the implant is implanted in a patient, the system further including a conductive member configured to be electrically connected to the external device, the conductive member configured to be positioned to be electrically connected to the patient's skin for conductive communication with the implant. In part 6 of aspect 246SE, a computer program product is provided that includes a computer-readable storage medium having instructions adapted to perform the method of part 1 or part 2 of aspect 246SE and / or instructions adapted to perform any of the implant operations of aspect 246SE when executed by an external device having processing capability. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 246SE, the first key is received at the implant from the external device by wireless transmission. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 246SE, the first key is transmitted by an external device. Reverse phase 246SE According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 246SE, the third external device is a server including a database, the database including data related to updates and / or instructions for the control program. According to some embodiments of aspect 246SE part 3, the database can be in communication with the caregiver and / or the implant. According to some embodiments of aspect 246SE part 3, the database can communicate with the caregiver and / or the implant via an external device. According to some embodiments of aspect 246SE part 3, the implant comprises at least one of the following: Pacemaker units or implantable cardioverter defibrillators, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for stretching the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; - Making joints living Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, Active electrically controlled implants that do not have an electrical cardiac stimulation system, Active electrically controlled non-cardiac stimulation implants, Implants adapted for electrical muscle stimulation, a non-neurostimulation system; Active non-stimulating implants, High-current electrical stimulation implants, defined as currents greater than 1 mA, or currents greater than 5 mA, 10 mA, or 20 mA; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant. In a seventh part of aspect 246SE, a computer program product is provided for an external device adapted to communicate with an implant when the implant is implanted in a patient, or adapted to run on the external device, the external device comprising: a. A wireless transceiver configured to receive wireless communications, wherein the computer program product is configured to cause the wireless transceiver to: i. receiving a first key, the first key being generated by a second external device separate from the external device or by another external device that is the generator of the second key on behalf of the second external device, the first key being received from both the second external device and the generator of the second key; ii. receive the second key from the implant; iii. Receive encrypted data from the implant; b. a computing unit, wherein the computer program product is configured to cause the computing unit to: i. combining the first and second keys with a third key held by the external device to derive a combined key; ii. Decrypt the encrypted data using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the seventh portion of aspect 246SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the wireless transceiver to: a. receiving a fourth key from a third external device; Here, the arithmetic unit is configured as follows: b. deriving a combined key by combining the first, second, and fourth keys with a third key held by the external device; c. Decrypt the encrypted data using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the seventh part of aspect 246SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the computing unit to verify communication between the implant and the external device, the verification comprising: a. measuring a patient parameter by an external device; b. receiving measured parameters of the patient from the implant; c. comparing the parameters measured by the implant with parameters measured by an external device; d. Verifying connectivity based on the comparison; e. Upon verification, the encrypted data is decrypted at the external device using the combined key. According to some embodiments of Aspect 246SE Part 7, the third key comprises a biometric key. In an eighth portion of aspect 246SE, there is provided a computer program product adapted to be executed on an implant adapted for communication with an external device when the implant is implanted in a patient, the implant comprising: a. a wireless transceiver configured to receive wireless communications, wherein the computer program product is configured to cause the wireless transceiver to: i. receiving a first key, the first key being generated by a second external device separate from the external device or by another external device that is the generator of the second key on behalf of the second external device, the first key being received from both the second external device and the generator of the second key; ii. receiving a second key from the external device; iii. receiving encrypted data from an external device; b. A computing unit, wherein software is configured to cause the computing unit to: i. deriving a composite key by combining the first and second keys with a third key held by the implant; ii. Decrypt the encrypted data using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the eighth part of aspect 246SE, the computer program product is configured to cause a wireless transceiver to: a. receiving a fourth key from a third external device; Here, the arithmetic unit is configured as follows: b. deriving a combined key by combining the first, second, and fourth keys with a third key held by the external device; c. Decrypt the encrypted data using the combined key. According to certain embodiments of the eighth part of aspect 246SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the computing unit to verify communication between the implant and the external device, the verification comprising: a. measuring a patient parameter by an external device; b. receiving measured parameters of the patient from the implant; c. comparing the parameters measured by the implant with parameters measured by an external device; d. Verifying connectivity based on the comparison; e. Upon verification, the encrypted data is decrypted at the external device using the combined key. According to some embodiments of Aspect 246SE Part 8, the third key comprises a biometric key. In part 9 of aspect 246SE, a computer program product is provided that includes a computer-readable storage medium having instructions adapted to perform the method of aspect 244SE and / or instructions adapted to perform any of the implant operations of aspect 245SE when executed by an implant having processing capabilities. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 246SE, and / or having the ability to use any of the methods of the first part of aspect 246SE, and / or having the ability to communicate with an external device of the third part of aspect 246SE, and / or having the ability to use any of the computer program products of the sixth, eighth, or ninth parts of aspect 246SE. In a tenth portion of aspect 246SE, there is provided a method for communicating between an external device and an implant, when the implant is implanted in a patient and the external device is positioned outside the patient's body, the implant and the external device each including a wireless transceiver, the method including: receiving, at the implant, a first key from the external device; deriving a combined key by combining the first key with a key held by the implant; transmitting the encrypted data from the external device to the implant by wireless or electrical transmission; The encrypted data within the implant is decrypted using the combined key.

[0009] Side 247SE Electrical Connection - Conductive Member Electrically Connected to External Device - Embodiment of Side 247SE of the Disclosure In a first portion of side 247SE, a system for communication between an external device and an implant implanted in a patient is provided, the system including a conductive member configured to be connected to the external device, the conductive member configured to be positioned in electrical connection with the patient's skin for electrical or conductive communication with the implant. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 247SE, the conductive member comprises a conductive interface for connecting the conductive member to an external device. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the external device is configured to transmit conductive communication to the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the implant is configured to transmit conductive communication to the external device. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 247SE, the external device and / or the conductive member includes an authentication unit configured to receive authentication input from a user to authenticate conductive communication between the implant and the external device. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the authentication input is a code. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the authentication input is based on a biometric technique selected from the list of fingerprint, palm vein structure, image recognition, facial recognition, iris recognition, retinal scan, hand geometry, and genomic comparison. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the conductive member comprises a fingerprint reader, and the verification unit is configured to receive a fingerprint from the conductive member. Other means for collecting biometric data are possible as well. Inverse phase 247SE of the variable number, source: receiving patient parameters from an external device; comparing the parameters measured by the implant with parameters measured by an external device; Authentication of the conductive communication is performed based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 247SE, the implant is connected to a sensation generator, and the implant is configured as follows: storing authentication data relating to the sensations generated by the sensation generator; receiving input authentication data from the external device, wherein the implant comprises an internal computing unit configured as follows: comparing the authentication data with the entered authentication data; Authentication of the conductive communication is performed based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the external device is a handset or a wearable device. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 247SE, the conductive communication includes a key or portion of a key used to decrypt encrypted data received by the external device or implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the external device is configured to transmit a first part of the key to the implant using conductive communication and wirelessly transmit a second part of the key to the implant, and the implant is adapted to decrypt the encrypted data using a combined key derived from the received first and second parts of the key. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 247SE, the implant includes an internal computing unit configured to operate the implant using operating instructions, and the conductive communication includes instructions for operating the implant. In some embodiments, operation of the implant is performed only upon positive authentication of the conductive communication, as described above. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 247SE, the implant includes an internal computing unit configured to update a control program executing within the implant, and the conductive communication includes instructions for updating the control program. In some embodiments, updating the control program of the implant is performed only upon positive authentication of the conductive communication, as described above. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the conductive communication includes feedback parameters related to the functionality of the implant. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 247SE, the implant includes a sensor for sensing at least one physiological parameter of the patient, and the conductive communication includes the at least one physiological parameter of the patient. In a second part of aspect 247SE, a method for communication between an external device and an implant implanted in a patient is provided, the method including positioning a conductive member configured to interface with the external device in electrical communication with the patient's skin for conductive communication with the implant. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 247SE, the conductive member comprises a conductive interface for connecting the conductive member to an external device. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 247SE, the method includes transmitting conductive communication by the external device to the implant. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 247SE, the method includes transmitting, by the implant, conductive communication to the external device. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 247SE, the method comprises receiving an authentication input from a user by a verification unit of the external device, and authenticating conductive communication between the implant and the external device using the authentication input. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 247SE, the authentication input is a code. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 247SE, the authentication input is based on a biometric technology selected from the list of fingerprint, palm vein structure, image recognition, facial recognition, iris recognition, retinal scan, hand geometry, and genomic comparison. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 247SE, the conductive member includes a fingerprint reader, and the method includes receiving the fingerprint from the conductive member by the verification unit. According to some embodiments of the second part of Aspect 247SE, the method includes measuring a parameter of the patient by a sensor of the implant; receiving, by an internal computing unit of the implant, the parameter of the patient from an external device; comparing, by the internal computing unit of the implant, the parameter measured by the implant with the parameter measured by the external device; and performing, by the internal computing unit of the implant, authentication of the conductive communication based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 247SE, the method comprises generating, by the sensation generator, a sensation detectable by the patient's senses; storing, by the implant, authentication data associated with the generated sensation; providing, by the patient, input to an external device to provide the input authentication data; and authenticating the conductive communication based on a comparison of the input authentication data to the authentication data. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 247SE, the external device is a handset or a wearable device. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 247SE, the conductive communication includes a key or portion of a key used to decrypt encrypted data received by the external device or implant. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 247SE, the method includes transmitting, by the external device, a first portion of a key to the implant using conductive communication; transmitting, by the external device, a second portion of the key to the implant using a wireless connection; deriving a combined key from the received first and second portions of the key; and decrypting, by the implant, the encrypted data using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 247SE, the method includes operating the implant using operating instructions by an internal computing unit of the implant, wherein the conductive communication includes instructions for operating the implant. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 247SE, the method includes updating, by an internal computing unit of the implant, a control program running within the implant, and the conductive communication includes instructions for updating the control program. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 247SE, the conductive communication includes feedback parameters related to the functionality of the implant. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 247SE, the method includes sensing at least one physiological parameter of the patient by a sensor of the implant, and the conductive communication includes the at least one physiological parameter of the patient. In a third part of aspect 247SE, an implant for implantation in a patient is provided, the implant including an internal computing unit configured to operate the implant based on authentication input and / or using operation instructions, the authentication input and / or operation instructions being received via conductive communication with an external device. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 247SE, the internal computing unit is further configured to update a control program running within the implant, and the conductive communication includes instructions for updating the control program. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 247SE, the implant further includes a sensor for measuring a parameter of the patient, and the internal computing unit is further configured to: receiving patient parameters from an external device; comparing the parameters measured by the implant with parameters measured by an external device; performing authentication of the conductive communication based on the comparison; The implant is operated using operating instructions via authenticated conductive communication. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 247SE, the implant is connected to a sensation generator, and the implant is configured as follows: storing authentication data relating to the sensations generated by the sensation generator; receiving input authentication data from an external device; The implant comprises an internal computing unit configured as follows: comparing the authentication data with the entered authentication data; performing authentication of the conductive communication based on the comparison; The implant is operated using operating instructions via authenticated conductive communication. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 247SE, the implant further includes a sensor for sensing at least one physiological parameter of the patient, and the conductive communication includes the at least one physiological parameter of the patient. In a fourth part of aspect 247SE, an external device is provided adapted to communicate with the implant when the implant is implanted in the patient, the external device being configured to be positioned in electrical connection with the conductive member for conductively communicating with the implant. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of side 247SE, the external device includes a conductive interface for connecting with the conductive member. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of side 247SE, the external device is configured to transmit conductive communication to the implant when electrically connected to the conductive member. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of side 247SE, the external device is configured to receive conductive communication from the implant when in electrical communication with the conductive member. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of aspect 247SE, the external device includes an authentication unit configured to receive authentication input from a user to authenticate conductive communication between the implant and the external device. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 247SE, the external device is a handset or a wearable device. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of aspect 247SE, the conductive communication includes a key or portion of a key used to decrypt encrypted data received by the external device or implant. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 247SE, the external device is configured to transmit a first part of the key to the implant using conductive communications, wirelessly transmit a second part of the key to the implant, and encrypt the data transmitted to the implant so that it can be decrypted using a combined key derived from the first and second parts of the key. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of aspect 247SE, the external device is configured to send instructions to update the implant's control program using conductive communication. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 247SE, the external device is configured to transmit operating instructions for the implant using conductive communication. In a fifth portion of side 247SE, a conductive member is provided that is configured to be connected to an external device for communication between the external device and the implant implanted in the patient, the conductive member being configured to be electrically connected to the patient's skin or other part of the patient's body. According to some embodiments of the fifth portion of side 247SE, the conductive member comprises a conductive interface for connecting the conductive member to an external device. According to some embodiments of the fifth portion of side 247SE, the conductive member includes a fingerprint reader, and the conductive member is configured to transmit a fingerprint read by the fingerprint reader to an external device. According to some embodiments of the fifth portion of side 247SE, the conductive member is in the form of a case of the external device, the case including a capacitive region configured to be electrically connected to the patient's skin. According to some embodiments of the fifth portion of side 247SE, the external device is a mobile phone and the conductive member is in the form of a mobile phone case. According to some embodiments of Aspect 247SE Part 5, the conductive member is integrally formed with the external device or is arranged as an arm or wrist band that is connected to the external device. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 247SE, the conductive member is configured to be conductively or electrically connected to an external device. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 247SE, the conductive member is configured to be wirelessly connected to an external device. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 247SE, the conductive member is configured to be a screen of an external device, the screen being configured to receive data using the electric charge. According to some embodiments of the first portion of Aspect 247SE, the conductive member constitutes a verification unit. According to some embodiments of preceding aspect 247SE, the external device constitutes a verification unit. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the establishing of the conductive communication is configured to authenticate or partially authenticate the conductive communication between the implant and the external device. According to some embodiments, at least one of the implants of the third part of aspect 247SE and / or having the capability to use any of the methods of the second part of aspect 247SE and / or having the capability to belong to any of the systems of the first part of aspect 247SE and / or having the capability to communicate via a conductive member according to any of the fifth part of aspect 247SE and / or having the capability to communicate with an external device of the fourth part of aspect 247SE and / or having the capability to use the computer program product of the sixth part of aspect 247SE and / or having the capability to use an internal control unit comprises: Pacemaker units or implantable cardioverter defibrillators, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for stretching the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, Active electrically controlled implants that do not have an electrical cardiac stimulation system, Active electrically controlled non-cardiac stimulation implants, Implants adapted for electrical muscle stimulation, a non-neurostimulation system; Active non-stimulating implants, High-current electrical stimulation implants, defined as currents greater than 1 mA, or currents greater than 5 mA, 10 mA, or 20 mA; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Blood vessel treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. According to some embodiments of Aspect 247SE Part 4, the external device is a smartwatch. In a sixth portion of aspect 247SE, a computer program product adapted to be executed on or of an external device adapted to communicate with the implant when the implant is implanted in a patient is provided, the external device being configured to be disposed in electrical connection with the conductive member, and the computer program product being configured to cause the conductive member to be in conductive communication with the implant. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of Aspect 247SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the external device to transmit conductive communications to the implant when electrically connected to the conductive member. According to some embodiments of the sixth portion of aspect 247SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the external device to receive conductive communication from the implant when electrically connected to the conductive member. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 247SE, the computer program product is configured to cause an authentication unit of the external device to receive authentication input from a user to authenticate conductive communication between the implant and the external device. According to some embodiments of the sixth portion of aspect 247SE, the conductive communication includes a key or portion of a key used to decrypt encrypted data received by the external device or implant. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 247SE, a computer program product is configured to cause the external device to transmit a first part of a key to the implant using conductive communications and wirelessly transmit a second part of the key to the implant, and to encrypt data transmitted to the implant so that it can be decrypted using a combined key derived from the first and second parts of the key. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 247SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the external device to send instructions for updating the control program of the implant using conductive communication. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 247SE, the computer program product is configured to cause an external device to transmit operating instructions for the implant using conductive communication. In part 7 of aspect 247SE, a computer program product is provided for or adapted to be executed on an implant adapted to communicate with an external device adapted to be placed in electrical connection with a conductive member when the implant is implanted in a patient, the computer program product used by a computing unit on the implant being configured to cause the implant to communicate with the conductive member using the body as a signal transmitter. According to some embodiments of the seventh part of aspect 247SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the implant to transmit conductive communications to an external device when electrically connected to the conductive member. According to some embodiments of the seventh portion of aspect 247SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the implant to receive conductive communication from an external device when electrically connected to the conductive member. According to some embodiments of the seventh part of aspect 247SE, the computer program product is configured to cause an authentication unit of the implant to receive authentication input from a user to authenticate conductive communication between the implant and the external device. According to some embodiments of the seventh part of aspect 247SE, the conductive communication includes a key or portion of a key used to decrypt encrypted data received by the implant. According to some embodiments of the seventh part of aspect 247SE, a computer program product is configured to receive a first part of a key for the implant from an external device using conductive communications, receive a second part of the key for the implant wirelessly, and encrypt data to be sent to the implant so that it can be decrypted using a combined key derived from the first and second parts of the key. According to some embodiments of the seventh portion of aspect 247SE, the computer program product is configured to receive instructions for updating a control program in the implant from an external device using conductive communication. According to some embodiments of the seventh part of aspect 247SE, the computer program product is configured to receive operating instructions at the implant from an external device using conductive communication. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the external device is configured to transmit conductive communication to the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the implant is configured to transmit conductive communication to the external device. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 247SE, the external device and / or the conductive member includes an authentication unit configured to receive authentication input from a user to authenticate conductive communication between the implant and the external device. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the authentication input is a code. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the authentication input is based on a biometric technique selected from the list of fingerprint, palm vein structure, image recognition, facial recognition, iris recognition, retinal scan, hand geometry, and genomic comparison. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the implant comprises: a. Sensors for measuring patient parameters via implants b. Internal computing units configured for: i. receiving patient parameters from an external device; ii. comparing the parameters measured by the implant with parameters measured by an external device; iii. Authenticating conductive communications based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 247SE, the implant is connected to a sensory generator, and the implant is configured as follows: A sense of sensation generated by a sense generator b. receiving input authentication data from the external device, wherein the implant comprises an internal computing unit configured as follows: i. comparing the authentication data with the entered authentication data; ii. Authenticating conductive communications based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the external device is a handset or a wearable device. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 247SE, the conductive communication includes a key or portion of a key used to decrypt encrypted data received by the external device or implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the external device is configured to transmit a first part of the key to the implant using conductive communication and wirelessly transmit a second part of the key to the implant, and the implant is adapted to decrypt the encrypted data using a combined key derived from the received first and second parts of the key. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the implant includes an internal computing unit configured to operate the implant using operating instructions, and the conductive communication includes instructions for operating the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the implant includes an internal computing unit configured to update a control program running within the implant, and the conductive communication includes instructions for updating the control program. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 247SE, the conductive communication includes feedback parameters related to the functionality of the implant. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 247SE, the implant includes a sensor for sensing at least one physiological parameter of the patient, and the conductive communication includes the at least one physiological parameter of the patient. According to some embodiments, an implant according to the third portion of side 247SE, and / or capable of using any of the methods of the second portion of side 247SE, and / or capable of being part of any of the systems of the first portion of side 247SE, and / or capable of communicating via the conductive members of the fifth portion of side 247SE, and / or capable of communicating with an external device of the fourth portion of side 247SE, and / or capable of using the computer program product of the sixth or seventh portion of side 247SE, comprises an internal control unit adapted to be involved in at least some of the operations performed by the implant in at least some of the other embodiments.

[0010] Aspect 248SE Device Synchronization Sensation - Authenticating the connection between the implant and an external device by generating sensations - an embodiment of Aspect 248SE of the present disclosure In a first part of Aspect 248SE, a method for authenticating a connection between an implant implanted in a patient and an external device is provided, the method including: generating, by a sensation generator, a sensation detectable by the patient's senses; storing, by the implant, authentication data associated with the sensation produced; providing, by the patient, an input to the external device resulting in input authentication data; Authenticating a connection based on analysis of input authentication data and authentication data. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 248SE, the method further includes, after positive authentication, communicating further data between the implant and the external device. The Aspect 248SE authentication data consists of timestamps of the sensations, and the input authentication data consists of timestamps of the inputs from the patient. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 248SE, authenticating the connection comprises calculating a time difference between a timestamp of the sensation and a timestamp of the input from the patient, and authenticating the connection when determining that the time difference is less than a threshold. The aspect 248SE authentication data comprises a number of times a sensation is generated by the sensation generator, the input authentication data comprises input from the patient regarding a number of times the patient detected the sensation, and authenticating the connection comprises authenticating the connection upon determining that the number of times in the authentication data and the input authentication data are equal. According to some embodiments of preceding aspect 248SE, the sensation is composed of multiple sensory components. According to some embodiments of the preceding aspect 248SE, the sensation or sensory component comprises vibration. According to some embodiments of preceding aspect 248SE, the sensation or sensory component comprises sound. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 248SE, the sensation or sensory component comprises an optical signal. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 248SE, the sensation or sensory component comprises an optical signal. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 248SE, the sensation or sensory component comprises an electrical signal. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 248SE, the sensation or sensory component comprises a thermal signal. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 248SE, the sensation generator is contained within the implant. According to some embodiments of the preceding aspect 248SE, the communication between the implant and the external device is wireless. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 248SE, the communication between the implant and the external device is conductive communication. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 248SE, the method further includes the steps of: The entered authentication data is sent from the external device to the implant. Here, the analysis is performed by the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 248SE, the method further includes the steps of: Transmitting authentication data from the implant to an external device; Here, the analysis is performed by an external device. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 248SE, the implant includes a motor for controlling a bodily function in the patient's body, and the motor is a sensation generator. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 248SE, the sensation is a vibration caused by moving a motor. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 248SE, the sensation is a sound produced by moving a motor. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 248SE, the analysis is performed by the implant and the method further includes the steps of: The method includes receiving, continuously requested by or at the external device, information on the authentication status of the connection between the implant and the external device, and if the external device determines that the connection is authenticated, transmitting further data from the external device to the implant. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 248SE, the further data includes at least one of the following: Data for updating the control program running within the implant, and Operating instructions for operating the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 248SE, the analysis is performed by an external device, and the method further includes the steps of: It is continually requested by or received at the implant to receive information about the authentication status of the connection between the implant and the external device, and transmits further data from the implant to the external device once it is determined at the implant that the connection is authenticated. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 248SE, the further data comprises data sensed by a sensor connected to the implant. In a second part of aspect 248SE, an implant is provided that is implanted in a patient and adapted for connection with an external device, the implant being connected to a sensation generator, the implant being configured to: store authentication data associated with sensations generated by the sensation generator; Receiving input authentication data from an external device: Analyzing the authentication data and the input authentication data Performs authentication of the connection based on the analysis. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 248SE, the implant is further configured to communicate further data to the external device following positive authentication. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 248SE, the authentication data comprises a timestamp of the sensory input and the input authentication data comprises a timestamp of the input from the patient. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 248SE, authenticating the connection includes calculating a time difference between a timestamp of the sensation and a timestamp of the input from the patient, and authenticating the connection when determining that the time difference is less than a threshold value. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 248SE, the authentication data comprises a number of times a sensation is generated by the sensation generator, the input authentication data comprises input from the patient regarding a number of times the patient detected the sensation, and authenticating the connection comprises authenticating the connection upon determining that the number of times of the authentication data and the input authentication data are equal. According to some embodiments of Aspect 248SE Part 2, the sensation generator is housed within an implant. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 248SE, the sensation generator is configured to create a sensation consisting of multiple sensory components. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 248SE, the sensation generator is configured to create a sensation or a component of a sensation through vibration of the sensation generator. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 248SE, the sensation generator is configured to create a sensation or a sensory component by playing a sound. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 248SE, the sensation generator is configured to create a sensation or a sensory component by providing an optical signal. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 248SE, the sensation generator is configured to create a sensation or a sensory component by providing a light signal. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 248SE, the sensation generator is configured to create a sensation or a sensory component by providing an electrical signal. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 248SE, the sensation generator is configured to create a sensation or sensation component by providing a thermal signal. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 248SE, the communication between the implant and the external device is wireless communication. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 248SE, the communication between the implant and the external device is conductive communication. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 248SE, the implant includes a motor for controlling a bodily function in the patient's body, the motor being a sensation generator. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 248SE, the sensation is a vibration caused by moving the motor. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 248SE, the sensation is a sound produced by moving the motor. In a third portion of side 248SE, an external device adapted for connection with an implant to be implanted in a patient is provided, the external device comprising: an interface for accepting input from the patient to the external device; a receiver for receiving authentication data from the implant, the authentication data relating to sensations generated by a sensation generator connected to the implant; External computing units configured for: i. analyze the authentication data and the authentication data you entered; ii. Perform authentication of the connection based on the analysis. According to some embodiments of Aspect 248SE Part 3, the external device is further configured to communicate further data to the implant following positive authentication. According to some embodiments of aspect 248SE Part 3, the authentication data comprises a timestamp and the input authentication data comprises a timestamp of an input from the patient. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 248SE, authenticating the connection includes calculating a time difference between a timestamp of the authentication data and a timestamp of the input from the patient, and authenticating the connection when determining that the time difference is less than a threshold value. According to some embodiments of Aspect 248SE Part 3, the authentication data comprises a number of times a sensation is generated by the sensation generator, the input authentication data comprises input from the patient regarding a number of times the patient detected the sensation, and authenticating the connection comprises authenticating the connection upon determining that the number of times of the authentication data and the input authentication data are equal. According to some embodiments of aspect 248SE part 3, the communication between the implant and the external device is wireless communication. According to some embodiments of aspect 248SE third section, the communication between the implant and the external device is conductive communication. According to some embodiments of the third portion of side 248SE, the external device further comprises a conductive member configured to be electrically connected to the external device, the conductive member configured to be positioned to be electrically connected to the patient's skin for conductive communication with the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 248SE, the method further includes transmitting additional data between the implant and the external device, the additional data being used or acted upon only after authentication of the connection has occurred. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 248SE, the implant comprises at least one of the following: Pacemaker units or implantable cardioverter defibrillators, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for stretching the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants for treating infertility, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. In aspect 248SE part 4, a computer program product is provided for an external device, or adapted to run on an external device, adapted for connection with an implant implanted in a patient, the external device comprising: a. an interface for accepting input from the patient to the external device; b. A receiver for receiving authentication data from the implant, the authentication data relating to sensations generated by a sensory generator that is part of the implant or external device; c. an external computing unit; wherein the computer program product is configured to cause the external computing unit to: i. Analyze the authentication data and the authentication data entered; ii. Perform authentication of the connection based on the analysis. According to some embodiments of Aspect 248SE Part 4, the computer program product is configured to cause the external device to communicate further data to the implant after positive authentication. According to some embodiments of Aspect 248SE Part 4, the authentication data comprises a timestamp and the input authentication data comprises a timestamp of an input from the patient. According to some embodiments of Aspect 248SE Part 4, authenticating the connection includes calculating a time difference between a timestamp of the authentication data and a timestamp of the input from the patient, and authenticating the connection if determining that the time difference is less than a threshold. According to some embodiments of Aspect 248SE Part 4, the authentication data comprises a number of times a sensation is generated by the sensation generator, the input authentication data comprises input from the patient regarding a number of times the patient detected the sensation, and authenticating the connection comprises authenticating the connection upon determining that the number of times of the authentication data and the input authentication data are equal. According to some embodiments of aspect 248SE part 4, the communication between the implant and the external device is wireless communication. According to some embodiments of aspect 248SE part 4, the communication between the implant and the external device is conductive communication. In a fifth part of aspect 248SE, a computer program product is provided adapted to be executed on an implant implanted in a patient, the implant adapted for connection with an external device, the implant comprising: a. an interface that accepts input from the patient to the implant; b. a receiver for receiving authentication data from an external device, the authentication data relating to a generated sensation of a sensory generator of the implant or external device; c. a computing unit; wherein the computer program product is configured to cause a computing unit to: i. Analyze the authentication data and the authentication data entered; ii. Perform authentication of the connection based on the analysis. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 248SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the implant to accept further communications with further data received by the implant after positive authentication. According to some embodiments of aspect 248SE Part 5, the authentication data comprises a timestamp and the input authentication data comprises a timestamp of an input from the patient. According to some embodiments of Aspect 248SE Part 5, authenticating the connection includes calculating a time difference between a timestamp of the authentication data and a timestamp of the input from the patient, and authenticating the connection if determining that the time difference is less than a threshold. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 248SE, the authentication data comprises a number of times a sensation is generated by the sensation generator, the input authentication data comprises input from the patient regarding a number of times the patient detected the sensation, and authenticating the connection comprises authenticating the connection upon determining that the number of times of the authentication data and the input authentication data are equal. According to some embodiments of aspect 248SE part 5, the further communication between the implant and the external device is wireless communication. According to some embodiments of aspect 248SE part 5, the communication between the implant and the external device is wireless communication. According to some embodiments of aspect 248SE part 5, the communication between the implant and the external device is conductive communication. According to some embodiments of aspect 248SE part 5, the further communication between the implant and the external device is wireless communication. An implant according to the second part of aspect 248SE, and / or an implant capable of using any of the methods of the first part of aspect 248SE, and / or an implant capable of performing any of the authentication processes of the third part of aspect 248SE, and / or an implant capable of using any of the computer program products of the fourth part of aspect 248SE, may comprise an internal control unit adapted to be involved in at least some of the operations performed by the implant in at least one of the above embodiments.

[0011] Aspect 249SE Pre-Verified Communications - Verifying the authenticity of commands sent from an external device to an implant - an embodiment of Aspect 249SE of the present disclosure In a first portion of aspect 249SE, a method of communicating instructions from an external device to an implant implanted in a patient is provided, the method including establishing a connection between the external device and the implant, combining a first set of instructions with a previously transmitted set of instructions to form a first combined set of instructions, and transmitting the first combined set of instructions to the implant. The method further includes verifying authenticity of the first combined instruction set by extracting, at the implant, a previously transmitted instruction set from the first combined instruction set, comparing the extracted previously transmitted instruction set with previously received instructions stored in the implant, and, upon determining that the extracted previously transmitted instruction set equals the previously received instructions stored in the implant, executing the first instruction set at the implant and storing the first combined instruction set in the implant for use in verifying subsequent received instruction sets. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 249SE, the step of verifying the authenticity of the first combined instruction set further includes providing feedback related to the fraudulent attempt to instruct the implant upon determining that the extracted previously transmitted instruction set differs from the previously received instructions stored in the implant. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 249SE, the step of comparing the extracted previously transmitted instruction set with the previously received instructions stored in the implant includes calculating a difference between the extracted previously transmitted instruction set and the previously received instructions stored in the implant and comparing the difference to a threshold, wherein the extracted previously transmitted instruction set is determined to be equal to the previously received instructions stored in the implant if the difference value does not exceed the threshold. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 249SE, the combined instruction set includes the first instruction set and a cryptographic hash of the previously transmitted instruction set, and the method further includes, at the implant, calculating a cryptographic hash of the previously received instructions stored in the implant, and comparing the calculated cryptographic hash with the cryptographic hash included in the first combined instruction set. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 249SE, the method further includes combining a second instruction set with the first combined instruction set to form a second combined instruction set, the second combined instruction set including a cryptographic hash of the first combined instruction set, and transmitting the second combined instruction set to the implant. The authenticity of the second combined instruction set is verified at the implant by calculating a cryptographic hash of the first combined instruction set stored at the implant and comparing the calculated cryptographic hash with the cryptographic hash included in the received second combined instruction set. If the calculated cryptographic hash of the first combined instruction set is determined to be equal to the cryptographic hash included in the received second combined instruction set, the second instruction set is executed at the implant, and the second combined instruction set is stored at the implant and used to verify subsequent received instruction sets. According to some embodiments of the first portion of Aspect 249SE, the first combined set of instructions is transmitted to the implant using a proprietary network protocol. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 249SE, the first combined set of instructions is transmitted to the implant using a standard network protocol. In a second part of aspect 249SE, a method of communicating instructions from an external device to an implant implanted in a patient is provided, the method comprising the steps of establishing a connection between the external device and the implant, verifying the connection between the implant and the external device, receiving a set of instructions from the external device as a result of the verification, verifying authenticity of the set of instructions and storing the set of instructions in the implant to be used to verify authenticity of subsequently received sets of instructions, and transmitting a further set of instructions from the external device to the implant according to any embodiment of the first part of aspect 249SE. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 249SE, verifying the connection between the implant and the external device includes measuring a parameter of the patient by the implant, measuring a parameter of the patient by the external device, comparing the parameter measured by the implant with the parameter measured by the external device, and performing authentication of the connection based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 249SE, verifying the connection between the implant and the external device includes generating, by the sensation generator, a sensation detectable by the patient's senses, by the implant; generating authentication data associated with the generated sensation; providing, by the patient, input to the external device to result in the input authentication data; and authenticating the connection based on a comparison of the input authentication data with the authentication data. In aspect 249SE third part, a method of communicating instructions from an external device to an implant implanted in a patient is provided, the method including: placing a conductive member configured to interface with the external device in electrical connection with the patient's skin for conductive communication with the implant; transmitting a set of instructions from the external device via the electrical connection using the conductive communication; receiving, at the implant, the set of instructions from the external device; storing the set of instructions at the implant for use in subsequently verifying authenticity of the received set of instructions; and transmitting a further set of instructions from the external device to the implant according to any embodiment of the first part of aspect 249SE. According to some embodiments of the third part of aspect 249SE, the method further includes: a. receiving, by a verification unit of the external device, an authentication input from the user before transmitting the set of instructions from the external device via the electrical connection using conductive communication; authenticating the conductive communication between the implant and the external device using the authentication input; and transmitting the set of instructions from the external device via the electrical connection using conductive communication as a result of the authentication. In a fourth part of aspect 249SE, a method of communicating instructions from an external device to an implant implanted in a patient is provided, the method comprising receiving, at the implant, a set of instructions from a second external device, storing the set of instructions in the implant for use in verifying authenticity of subsequently received sets of instructions from the external device, and transmitting a further set of instructions from the external device to the implant according to any embodiment of the first part of aspect 249SE. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of aspect 249SE, the second external device transmits the instruction set using a proprietary network protocol. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 249SE, the instruction set received by the implant from the second external device is encrypted, and the method further includes decrypting the instruction set and storing the decrypted instruction set in the implant for use in verifying the authenticity of subsequently received instruction sets from the external device. According to an embodiment of any one of parts 1 to 4 of aspect 249SE, the implant comprises a reset switch, and the method further comprises the steps of activating the reset switch and deleting previously received instructions stored in the implant. According to any one of embodiments of parts 1 to 4 of aspect 249SE, the method further comprises storing in the implant an instruction set used to verify the authenticity of an instruction set subsequently received from the external device using any one of embodiments of parts 2 to 4 of aspect 249SE. In a fifth part of aspect 249SE, an implant is provided that includes a transceiver configured to establish a connection with an external device when the implant is implanted in a patient, the implant further comprising a computing unit configured to verify authenticity of instructions received at the transceiver by extracting a previously transmitted set of instructions from a first combined set of instructions received at the transceiver, comparing the extracted previously transmitted set of instructions with previously received instructions stored in the implant, and executing the first set of instructions at the implant upon determining that the extracted previously transmitted set of instructions is equal to the previously received instructions stored in the implant. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 249SE, the computing unit is configured to: provide, via a feedback unit of the implant, feedback related to the fraudulent attempt to instruct the implant if the computing unit determines that the extracted previously transmitted instruction set differs from previously received instructions stored in the implant. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 249SE, the computing unit is configured to compare the extracted set of previously transmitted instructions with the previously received instructions stored in the implant by calculating a difference between the extracted set of previously transmitted instructions and the previously received instructions stored in the implant, and compare the difference with a threshold, and the extracted set of previously transmitted instructions is determined to be equal to the previously received instructions stored in the implant if the difference value does not exceed the threshold. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 249SE, the first combined instruction set includes the first instruction set and a cryptographic hash of a previously transmitted instruction set, and the computing unit is configured to calculate a cryptographic hash of the previously received instructions stored in the implant and compare the calculated cryptographic hash with the cryptographic hash included in the first combined instruction set. and extracting a first combined instruction set from the second combined instruction set, calculating a cryptographic hash of the first combined instruction set, comparing the calculated cryptographic hash with the cryptographic hash included in the received second combined instruction set, calculating a cryptographic hash of previously received instructions stored in the implant and comparing it with the cryptographic hash included in the extracted first combined instruction set, and if the computing unit determines that the cryptographic hash of the first combined instruction set equals the cryptographic hash included in the received second combined set and that the cryptographic hash of the previously received instructions stored in the implant equals the cryptographic hash included in the extracted first combined instruction set, the second instruction set is executed in the implant. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 249SE, the first combined set of instructions is received at the implant using a proprietary network protocol. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 249SE, the first combined set of instructions is received at the implant using a standard network protocol. In a sixth part of aspect 249SE, an implant is provided that includes a transceiver configured to establish a connection with an external device when the implant is implanted in a patient, the implant further comprising a computing unit configured to verify authenticity of an instruction received at the transceiver by: a. Establishing a connection with an external device; b. Check the connection, c. receiving a set of instructions from an external device; d. verifying the authenticity of the set of instructions as a result of the verification, and storing the set of instructions in the implant to be used to verify the authenticity of subsequently received sets of instructions. The computing unit is further configured to verify the authenticity of further sets of instructions received by the transceiver according to any embodiment of the fifth part of aspect 249SE. According to some embodiments of the sixth portion of aspect 249SE, the computing unit is configured to verify the connection by receiving measured parameters of the patient measured by a sensor connected to the implant, receiving the measured parameters of the patient from the external device, comparing the parameters measured by the implant with the parameters measured by the external device, and performing authentication of the connection based on the comparison. In a seventh part of aspect 249SE, an implant is provided that includes a transceiver configured to establish a connection with an external device when the implant is implanted in a patient, the implant further including a computing unit configured to verify authenticity of instructions received at the transceiver by receiving a set of instructions from the external device via an electrical connection using conductive communication from the external device and storing the set of instructions in the implant to be used to verify authenticity of a subsequently received set of instructions, the computing unit configured to verify authenticity of a further set of instructions received by the transceiver according to any embodiment of the fifth part of aspect 249SE. In part eight of aspect 249SE, an implant is provided that includes a transceiver configured to establish a connection with an external device and a connection with a second external device when the implant is implanted in a patient, the implant further including a computing unit configured to verify authenticity of instructions received at the transceiver from the external device by receiving a set of instructions at the implant from the second external device and storing in the implant a set of instructions used to verify authenticity of subsequent received sets of instructions from the external device, the computing unit configured to verify authenticity of a further set of instructions received by the transceiver according to any embodiment of part five of aspect 249SE. According to some embodiments of part 8 of aspect 249SE, the transceiver is configured to receive a sequence of instructions from a second external device using a proprietary network protocol. According to some embodiments of part 8 of aspect 249SE, the instruction set received by the implant from the second external device is encrypted, and the computing unit is configured to decrypt the instruction set and store the decrypted instruction set in the implant for use in verifying the authenticity of instruction sets subsequently received from the external device. According to an embodiment of any one of parts 5 to 8 of aspect 249SE, the implant further comprises a reset switch, which, when activated, is configured to delete previously received instructions stored in the implant. According to an embodiment of any one of parts 5 to 8 of aspect 249SE, the reset switch is further configured to extract factory settings stored in the implant when activated, the factory settings including data used to verify the authenticity of instruction sets subsequently received from the external device, and said activation of the reset switch causes the implant to store said data as an instruction set used to verify the authenticity of instruction sets subsequently received from the external device. In part 9 of aspect 249SE, a system is provided that includes an implant according to any one of the embodiments of parts 5 to 8 of aspect 249SE and an external device. The external device includes a computing unit configured to combine a first instruction set with a previously transmitted instruction set to form a combined instruction set, and transmit the combined instruction set to the implant. In part 10 of aspect 249SE, a system is provided that includes an implant according to the embodiment of part 8 of aspect 249SE, an external device, and a second external device, wherein the external device is configured to receive an instruction set from the second external device and store the instruction set, the external device including a computing unit configured to combine the first instruction set and the stored instruction set to form a combined instruction set, and transmit the combined instruction set to the implant. In an eleventh part of aspect 249SE, a computer program product is provided that includes a computer-readable storage medium having instructions adapted to, when executed by a device having processing capability, perform at least a portion of any one of the embodiments of the first to third parts of aspect 249SE. In part 12 of aspect 249SE, there is provided a computer program product configured for use by an implant or an external device having processing capability when executed by the implant of any of the embodiments of parts 1 to 4 of aspect 249SE. In a thirteenth part of aspect 249SE, a computer program product is provided that includes a computer-readable storage medium having instructions adapted to perform at least a portion of any of the embodiments of parts five through eight of aspect 249SE when executed by an implant or external device having processing capabilities. According to some embodiments, an implant of any one of parts 5 to 8 of aspect 249SE, and / or an implant having the capability to use the method of any of parts 1 to 4 of aspect 249SE, and / or the capability to use the system of parts 9 or 10 of aspect 249SE, and / or the capability to use the computer program product of parts 11 to 13 of aspect 249SE, wherein the implant comprises at least one of the following: pacemaker unit or implantable cardioverter defibrillator, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for stretching the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. According to some embodiments, the implant comprises any one of parts 5 to 8 of aspect 249SE, and / or is capable of using any one of parts 1 to 4 of aspect 249SE, and / or is capable of using the system of parts 9 or 10 of aspect 249SE, and / or is capable of using the computer program product of parts 11 to 13 of aspect 249SE, and / or comprises an internal control unit adapted to be involved in at least some of the operations performed by the implant in at least some of the other embodiments of aspect 249SE. In a fifteenth portion of side 249SE, a system is provided that includes the implant of the fifth to eighth portions of the sixth side, an external device, and a second external device, wherein the external device is configured as follows: a. receiving a set of instructions from a second external device; b. saving said instruction set; wherein the external device comprises a computing unit configured as follows: c. combining the first instruction set with the stored instruction set to form a combined instruction set; d. Sending the combined set of instructions to the implant.

[0012] Aspect 250SE Dual Protocol - Two Wireless Communication Protocols for Communication - Aspect 250SE Embodiments of the Present Disclosure In a first part of aspect 250SE, an external device configured to communicate with an implant when implanted in a patient is provided. The external device is further configured to communicate with a second external device. The external device includes at least one wireless transceiver configured to wirelessly communicate with the second external device and the implant, the wireless transceiver configured to communicate with the implant using a proprietary network protocol and the at least one wireless transceiver configured to communicate with the second external device using a standard network protocol. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 250SE, the at least one wireless transceiver comprises a first wireless transceiver configured to communicate with a second external device and a second wireless transceiver configured to communicate with the implant. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 250SE, the external device further comprises a computing unit adapted to configure the at least one wireless transceiver to communicate with the implant using a proprietary network protocol and adapted to configure the at least one wireless transceiver to communicate with a second external device using a standard network protocol. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 250SE, the standard network protocol is one from the following list: Radio Frequency Protocol RFID Type Protocol WLAN Type Protocol Bluetooth Type Protocol BLE type protocol NFC Type Protocol 3G / 4G / 5G type protocol GSM type protocol. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 250SE, the communication range of the proprietary network protocol is less than the communication range of the standard network protocol. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 250SE, the frequency band of the proprietary network protocol is different from the frequency band of the standard network protocol. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 250SE, the frequency band of the proprietary network protocol is 13.56 MHz and the standard network protocol is one from the following list: WLAN type protocol; Bluetooth type protocol. BLE type protocol 3G / 4G / 5G type protocol GSM type protocol. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 250SE , the external device includes a sensor for measuring, by the external device, a parameter of the patient, and an external computing unit configured as follows: Receive patient parameters from the implant, ii. comparing the parameters measured by the external device with the parameters measured by the implant; iii. Based on the comparison, performing authentication of the wireless connection with the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 250SE, the sensor is configured to measure the patient's pulse. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 250SE, the sensor is configured to measure the patient's respiratory rate. According to some embodiments of the first part of the Aspect 250SE: The sensor is configured to measure the temperature of the patient. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 250SE, the sensor is configured to measure at least one sound of the patient. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 250SE, the sensor is configured to measure at least one physical movement of the patient. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 250SE, the parameter measured by the external device comprises a timestamp, the measured parameter received from the implant comprises a timestamp, and comparing the parameter measured at the implant with the parameter measured at the external device comprises comparing the timestamp of the measured parameter received from the implant with the timestamp of the parameter measured by the external device. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 250SE, the external computing unit is configured to calculate a difference value between the parameter measured by the implant and the parameter measured by the external device, and the external computing unit is further configured to authorize the wireless connection if the difference value is less than a predetermined threshold difference value and not authorize the wireless connection if the difference value is equal to or exceeds the predetermined threshold difference value. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 250SE, the external device comprises a clock configured to synchronize with a clock of the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 250SE, the external device comprises an interface for receiving input to the external device by the patient, the interface providing input authentication data, and a receiver for receiving authentication data from the implant, the authentication data relating to generated sensations of a sensation generator connected to the implant. The external computing unit is configured as follows: i. comparing the authentication data with the entered authentication data; ii. Authenticate the connection based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 250SE, the external device is one from the list of a wearable external device and a handset. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 250SE, the external device is configured to be placed in electrical connection with the conductive member for conductively communicating with the implant. In a second portion of aspect 250SE, a method of communicating with an implant when implanted in a patient and communicating with a second external device is provided, the method including establishing wireless communication between at least one wireless transceiver of the external device and the second external device and the implant, wherein the communication between the external device and the implant uses a proprietary network protocol and the wireless communication between the external device and the second external device uses a standard network protocol. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, wireless communication between the external device and the second external device is performed by a first wireless transceiver of the at least one wireless transceiver, and wireless communication between the external device and the implant is performed by a second wireless transceiver of the at least one wireless transceiver. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, the method further includes configuring, by a computing unit of the external device, at least one wireless transceiver to communicate between the external device and the implant using a proprietary network protocol and to communicate between the external device and a second external device using a standard network protocol. According to some embodiments of the second part of Aspect 250SE, the standard network protocol is one from the following list: Radio Frequency Protocol RFID Type Protocol WLAN Type Protocol Bluetooth Type Protocol BLE type protocol NFC Type Protocol 3G / 4G / 5G type protocol GSM type protocol. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, the communication range of the proprietary network protocol is less than the communication range of the standard network protocol. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, the frequency band of the proprietary network protocol is different from the frequency band of the standard network protocol. According to some embodiments of the second part of Aspect 250SE, the frequency band of the proprietary network protocol is 13.56 MHz and the standard network protocol is one from the following list: WLAN type protocol; Bluetooth Type Protocol BLE type protocol 3G / 4G / 5G type protocol GSM type protocol. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, wireless communication between the external device and the implant is authenticated by the following steps: i. Measuring patient parameters with external devices ii. receiving patient parameters from the implant; iii. comparing the parameters measured by the external device with the parameters measured by the implant; iv. Performing authentication of the wireless connection based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, the patient parameter is the patient's pulse rate. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, the patient parameter is the patient's respiratory rate. According to some embodiments of the second portion of Aspect 250SE, the patient parameter is the patient's temperature. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 250SE, the patient parameter is at least one sound of the patient. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, the patient parameter is at least one physical movement of the patient. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, the parameter measured by the external device includes a timestamp and the measured parameter received from the implant includes a timestamp, and comparing the parameter measured at the implant with the parameter measured by the external device comprises comparing the timestamp of the measured parameter received from the implant with the timestamp of the parameter measured by the external device. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 250SE, the step of comparing the parameter measured by the implant and the parameter measured by the external device comprises calculating a difference value between the parameter measured by the implant and the parameter measured by the external device, and the step of performing authentication comprises authenticating the wireless connection if the difference value is less than a predetermined threshold difference value and not authenticating the wireless connection if the difference value is equal to or exceeds the predetermined threshold difference value. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 250SE, the method further includes synchronizing a clock of the external device with a clock of the implant. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, the method includes placing a conductive member configured to connect to an external device in electrical connection with the patient's skin to conductively communicate with the implant. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, wireless communication between the external device and the implant is authenticated by the following steps: generating a sensation detectable by the patient's senses with a sensation generating device; The implant stores authentication data related to the sensations generated. Input authentication data is obtained by inputting the data into an external device by the patient. Authenticating wireless communications based on a comparison of the entered authentication data with the authentication data. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 250SE, the method includes, after positive authentication, communicating data between the implant and the external device using a proprietary network protocol. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, a method includes establishing communication between a second external device and a third external device, wherein the communication between the second external device and the third external device is authenticated using a verification process in the third external device. According to some embodiments of the second portion of Aspect 250SE, the third external device is operated by a caregiver of the patient. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 250SE, the method includes authenticating wireless communication between the external device and the second external device using a verification process in the second external device, wherein communication between the external device and the second external device requires that the communication be authenticated. According to some embodiments of the second portion of Aspect 250SE, the second external device is operated by a caregiver of the patient. In a third portion of aspect 250SE, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions adapted, when executed by a device having processing capability, to perform the method of any embodiment of the second portion of aspect 250SE. In a fourth part of aspect 250SE, a system is provided that includes an external device according to any embodiment of part 1 of aspect 250SE and an implant implanted in a patient, the implant comprising a wireless receiver configured to receive communications using a proprietary network protocol. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of Aspect 250SE, the implant's wireless receiver is configured to only receive communications that use a proprietary network protocol. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of Aspect 250SE, the antenna of the implant's wireless receiver is configured to receive only in a first frequency band, and the frequency band of the proprietary network protocol is included in the first frequency band. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 250SE, the frequency band of the standard network protocol is not included in the first frequency band. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of Aspect 250SE, the implant comprises a computing unit configured solely to modify operation of the implant based on data received using a proprietary network protocol. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of aspect 250SE, the system further includes a second external device. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 250SE, the second external device comprises an interface for authenticating communication with the external device, and communication between the external device and the second external device requires that the communication be authenticated. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of aspect 250SE, the system further comprises a third external device configured to communicate with the second external device. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 250SE, the third external device comprises an interface for authenticating communication with the second external device, and communication between the third external device and the second external device requires that the communication be authenticated. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 250SE, the third external device comprises an interface for authenticating communication with the second external device, and communication between the third external device and the second external device requires that the communication be authenticated. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of Aspect 250SE, the third external device is operated by a caregiver of the patient. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 250SE, the external device is configured to communicate additional data via conductive communication with the implant. In a fifth part of Aspect 250SE, there is provided an external device configured to communicate with the implant when implanted in a patient, and a computer program product of a second external device, or a computer program product adapted to run on the second external device, the external device comprising: at least one wireless transceiver configured to wirelessly communicate with the second external device and the implant, wherein the computer program product is configured to cause the at least one wireless transceiver to communicate with the implant using a proprietary network protocol; Here, the computer program product is configured to cause the at least one wireless transceiver to communicate with a second external device using a standard network protocol. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 250SE, the at least one wireless transceiver comprises a first wireless transceiver and a second wireless transceiver, and the computer program product is configured to cause the first wireless transceiver to communicate with a second external device, and the computer program product is configured to cause the second wireless transceiver to communicate with the implant. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 250SE, the external device comprises a computing unit adapted to configure the computer program product so that the at least one wireless transceiver communicates with the implant using a proprietary network protocol, and adapted to configure the computer program product so that the at least one wireless transceiver communicates with a second external device using a standard network protocol. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of Aspect 250SE, the standard network protocol is one from the following list: Radio frequency type protocols, RFID type protocols, WLAN type protocols, Bluetooth type protocols, BLE type protocols, NFC type protocols, 3G / 4G / 5G type protocols GSM type protocol. According to some embodiments of the fifth portion of aspect 250SEa, the communication range of the proprietary network protocol is less than the communication range of the standard network protocol. According to some embodiments of the fifth portion of aspect 250SEa, the frequency band of the proprietary network protocol is different from the frequency band of the standard network protocol. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of the Aspect 250SE, the frequency band of the proprietary network protocol is 13.56 MHz, and the standard network protocol is one from the following list: WLAN type protocols, Bluetooth type protocols, BLE type protocols, 3G / 4G / 5G type protocols GSM type protocol. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of Aspect 250SE, the external device comprises: Sensors for measuring patient parameters via external devices; an external computing unit, wherein the computer program product is configured to cause the external computing unit to: Receive patient parameters from the implant, ii. comparing the parameters measured by the external device with the parameters measured by the implant; iii. authenticating the wireless connection with the implant based on the comparison; According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 250SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the sensor to measure a pulse of the patient. According to some embodiments of the fifth aspect 250SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the sensor to measure a respiratory rate of the patient. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 250SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the sensor to measure a temperature of the patient. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of Aspect 250SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the sensor to measure at least one sound of the patient. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 250SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the sensor to measure at least one physical movement of the patient. According to some embodiments of the fifth portion of aspect 250SE, the parameters measured by the external device include a timestamp, the measured parameters received from the implant include a timestamp, and comparing the parameters measured by the implant with the parameters measured by the external device comprises comparing the timestamp of the measured parameters received from the implant with the timestamp of the parameters measured by the external device. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 250SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the external computing unit to calculate a difference value between the parameter measured by the implant and the parameter measured by the external device, and the computer program product is configured to cause the external computing unit to authorize the wireless connection if the difference value is less than a predetermined threshold difference value and to not authorize the wireless connection if the difference value is equal to or exceeds the predetermined threshold difference value. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 250SE, the computer program product is configured to synchronize a clock of the external device with a clock of the implant. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of Aspect 250SE, the external device comprises: an interface for accepting input from the patient to the external device; a receiver for receiving authentication data from the implant, the authentication data relating to sensations generated by a sensation generator connected to the implant; an external computing unit, wherein the computer program product is configured to cause the external computing unit to: i. Compare the authentication data with the entered authentication data; ii. Perform authentication of the connection based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the fifth part of aspect 250SE, the external device is configured to be placed in electrical connection with the conductive member for conductive communication with the implant, and the computer program product is configured to cause the external device to communicate further data via the conductive communication with the implant. According to some embodiments, an implant of the system of the fourth part of modality 250SE, and / or an implant capable of communicating with an external device of the first part of modality 250SE, and / or an implant capable of using any of the methods of the second part of modality 250SE, and / or an implant capable of using the computer program product of the third or fifth part of modality 250SE, wherein the implant comprises at least one of the following: pacemaker unit or implantable cardioverter defibrillator, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; Peel and tie surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for expanding the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. According to some embodiments, an implant of the system of the fourth part of Modality 250SE, and / or an implant capable of communicating with an external device of the first part of Modality 250SE, and / or capable of using any of the methods of the second part of Modality 250SE, and / or capable of using the computer program product of the third or fifth part of Modality 250SE, comprises an internal control unit adapted to be involved in at least some of the operations performed by the implant in at least some of the embodiments of any one of Modality 250SE.

[0013] Aspect 251SE Two-Part Key NFC - Two Communication Methods for Sending Encryption Keys - Embodiments of Aspect 251SE of the Present Disclosure In a first part of Aspect 251SE, a method for encrypted communication between an external device and an implant implanted in a patient is provided. The external device is adapted to communicate with the implant using two separate communication methods. The communication range of the first communication method is less than the communication range of the second communication method. The encrypted communication method comprises transmitting a first portion of a key from the external device to the implant using the first communication method. The encrypted communication method comprises transmitting a second portion of the key from the external device to the implant using the second communication method. The encrypted communication method comprises transmitting encrypted data from the external device to the implant using the second communication method. The encrypted communication method comprises deriving, at the implant, a combined key from the first portion of the key and the second portion of the key. A method for encrypted communication comprises decrypting, at the implant, data encrypted using the combined key. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the first communication method comprises RFID, Bluetooth, BLE, NFC, NFC-V, infrared-based communication, or ultrasonic-based communication. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 251SE, the communication range of the first communication method is less than 10 meters. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 251SE, the communication range of the first communication method is less than 2 meters. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the center frequency of the frequency band of the first communication method is 13.56 MHz or 27.12 MHz. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the implant comprises a passive receiver for receiving the first part of the key. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 251SE, the passive receiver of the implant comprises a loop antenna. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the method comprises limiting the communication range of the first communication method by adjusting the frequency and / or phase of the transmitted information. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 251SE, the method further includes wirelessly receiving, at the implant, a third portion of the key from the second external device, wherein the combined key is derived from the first portion of the key, the second portion of the key, and the third portion of the key. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 251SE, the external device is adapted to be electrically connected to the implant using the body as a conductor. The method can further include verifying the electrical connection between the implant and the external device, and upon verification, decrypting encrypted data in the implant, and using the decrypted data to instruct the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the second communication method comprises WLAN, Bluetooth, BLE, 3G / 4G / 5G, or GSM. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 251SE, the encrypted data includes instructions for updating a control program running within the implant, and the implant includes a computing unit configured to use the decrypted data to update the control program running within the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the encrypted data includes instructions for operating the implant, and the implant includes a computing unit configured to operate the implant using the decrypted data. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the method may further include the following steps: The sensation generating device generates a sensation that is detectable by the patient's senses. The implant stores authentication data related to the sensations produced. Input authentication data is obtained by input into an external device by the patient. The first or second communication method is authenticated based on a comparison of the input authentication data with the authentication data. As a result of authentication by the first or second communication method, encrypted data within the implant is decrypted, and the decrypted data is used to instruct the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the method may further include transmitting the entered authentication data from the external device to the implant, wherein the comparison is performed by the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the method may further include the following steps: Measurement of patient parameters with implants. An external device measures patient parameters. The parameters measured by the implant are compared with those measured by the external device. Based on the comparison, the first or second communication method is authenticated. As a result of authentication by the first or second communication method, encrypted data within the implant is decrypted, and the decrypted data is used to instruct the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the method may further include transmitting the parameters measured by the external device from the external device to the implant, wherein the comparison is performed by the implant. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 251SE, the method further includes placing a conductive member configured to connect to an external device in electrical connection with the patient's skin to conductively communicate with the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the communication is cancelled or amplified to at least one point by destructive interference or constructive interference, respectively. According to some embodiments of the first portion of Aspect 251SE, the communication has a wavelength λ, and the method includes transmitting the communication from a first point that is a distance D away from the at least one point. The communication may be canceled for the at least one point by transmitting the communication from a second point that is located a distance D±(½)*Zλ from the at least one point, where Z is any integer, or the communication may be amplified for the at least one point by transmitting the communication from a second point that is located a distance D±Zλ from the at least one point. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the method further includes transmitting a communication from a first point having a phase P, where the communication may be canceled with respect to the at least one point by transmitting a communication from a second point having a phase P±Zπ (where Z is any integer), or alternatively, the communication may be amplified with respect to the at least one point by transmitting a communication from a second point having a phase P±2Zπ, where the distance between the first point and the at least one point is equal to the distance between the second point and the at least one point plus or minus any integer number of wavelengths λ of the communication. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the first point is a first transmitter and the second point is a second transmitter. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 251SE, the first point and the second point can be moved relative to one another such that at least one point is spatially shifted. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 251SE, a first point is associated with the implant and a second point is associated with the external device. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 251SE, the first point is a first slit and the second point is a second slit, and the first and second slits may be adapted to receive the same communication from a single transmitter. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the phases P of the communication are alternated to spatially shift at least one point. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the method further includes the steps of: A communication is sent from the external device via the first and second points. Measure interference at least two points on the implant. Comparing the measured interference with reference data related to authorized external equipment. Communications are authorized based on a comparison of the measured interference with reference data. In a second part of aspect 251SE, an external device configured for encrypted communication with an implant implanted in a patient is provided. The external device includes first and second wireless transceivers for communicating with the implant using two different communication methods. The communication range of the first communication method is smaller than the communication range of the second communication method. The first wireless transceiver is configured to transmit a first portion of a key to the implant using the first communication method. The second wireless transceiver is configured to transmit a second portion of the key to the implant using the second communication method. The second wireless transceiver is further configured to transmit encrypted data to the implant using the second communication method. The encrypted data is configured to be decrypted using a compound key derived from the first portion of the key and the second portion of the key. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 251SE, the first communication method implemented by the first wireless transceiver comprises RFID, Bluetooth, BLE, NFC, NFC-V, infrared-based communication, or ultrasonic-based communication. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 251SE, the communication range of the first communication means is less than 10 meters. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 251SE, the communication range of the first communication means is less than 2 meters. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 251SE, the center frequency of the frequency band of the first communication method is 13.56 MHz or 27.12 MHz. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 251SE, the first wireless transceiver comprises a loop antenna for transmitting data using the first communication method. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 251SE, the first wireless transceiver is configured to limit the communication range of the first communication method by adjusting the frequency and / or phase of the communication. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 251SE, the second communication method implemented by the second wireless transceiver comprises WLAN, Bluetooth, BLE, 3G / 4G / 5G, or GSM. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 251SE, the encrypted data includes instructions for updating a control program running within the implant. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 251SE, the encrypted data includes instructions for operating the implant. The external device transmits a communication from a first point that is a distance D away from the at least one point. The communication may be canceled for the at least one point by transmitting the communication from a second point that is located a distance D±(½)*Zλ from the at least one point, where Z is any integer, or the communication may be amplified for the at least one point by transmitting the communication from a second point that is located a distance D±Zλ from the at least one point. According to some embodiments of the second portion of Aspect 251SE, the communication has a phase P, and the external device transmits the communication from a first point. The communication may be canceled with respect to at least one point by transmitting the communication from a second point having a phase P±Zπ (where Z is any integer), or the communication may be amplified with respect to at least one point by transmitting the communication from a second point having a phase P±2Zπ. In this case, the distance between the first point and the at least one point may be equal to the distance between the second point and the at least one point, plus or minus any integer number of wavelengths λ of the communication. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 251SE, the first point is a first transmitter and the second point is a second transmitter. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 251SE, the first point and the second point can be moved relative to one another such that at least one point is spatially shifted. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 251SE, the first point is associated with the implant and the second point is associated with the external device. According to some embodiments of the second portion of Aspect 251SE, the first point is a first slit and the second point is a second slit, the first and second slits being adapted to receive the same communication from a single transmitter. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 251SE, the phases P of the communication are alternated to spatially shift at least one point. In a third part of aspect 251SE, an implant configured for encrypted communication with an external device when implanted in a patient is provided. The implant includes first and second wireless receivers for communicating with the external device using two distinct communication methods. The communication range of the first communication method is smaller than the communication range of the second communication method. The first wireless receiver is configured to receive a first portion of a key from the external device using the first communication method. The second wireless receiver is configured to receive a second portion of a key from the external device using the second communication method. The second wireless receiver is further configured to receive encrypted data from the external device using the second communication method. The implant further includes a computing unit configured to derive a combined key from the first portion of the key and the second portion of the key and to decrypt the encrypted data using the combined key. According to some embodiments of Aspect 251SE Part 3, the first communication method implemented by the first wireless receiver comprises RFID, Bluetooth, BLE, NFC, NFC-V, infrared-based communication, or ultrasound-based communication. According to some embodiments of Aspect 251SE Part 3, the communication range of the first communication means is less than 10 meters. According to some embodiments of Aspect 251SE Part 3, the communication range of the first communication means is less than 2 meters. According to some embodiments of Aspect 251SE Part 3, the center frequency of the frequency band of the first communication method is 13.56 MHz or 27.12 MHz. According to some embodiments of Aspect 251SE Part 3, the first wireless receiver is a passive receiver for receiving a first part of the key. According to some embodiments of Aspect 251SE Part 3, the passive receiver comprises a loop antenna. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 251SE, the implant is configured to wirelessly receive the third portion of the key from the second external device. The computing unit may be configured to derive a composite key from the first portion of the key, the second portion of the key, and the third portion of the key. According to some embodiments of aspect 251SE part 3, the implant is electrically connected to the external device using the body as a conductor. The implant further includes an authentication unit configured to verify the electrical connection between the implant and the external device. The computing unit is configured to decrypt the encrypted data as a result of the verification and use the decrypted data to instruct the implant. According to some embodiments of the third part of aspect 251SE, the second communication method implemented by the second wireless receiver comprises WLAN, Bluetooth, BLE, 3G / 4G / 5G, or GSM. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 251SE, the encrypted data includes instructions for updating a control program running within the implant, and the computing unit is configured to use the decrypted data to update the control program running within the implant. According to some embodiments of the third part of aspect 251SE, the encrypted data includes instructions for operating the implant, and the computing device is configured to operate the implant using the decrypted data. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 251SE, the implant further comprises a first sensor for measuring a parameter of the patient. The computing device may be further configured to: Receive patient parameters from an external device. The parameters measured by the implant are compared with those measured by the external device. Based on the comparison, the first or second communication method is authenticated. As a result of authentication by the first or second communication method, encrypted data within the implant is decrypted, and the decrypted data is used to instruct the implant. According to some embodiments of aspect 251SE part 3, the implant may be connected to a sensation generator. The implant may be configured to store authentication data associated with sensations generated by the sensation generator and to receive input authentication data from an external device. The implant may further comprise an internal computing unit configured to: Based on the comparison, the first or second communication method is authenticated. As a result of authentication by the first or second communication method, encrypted data within the implant is decrypted, and the decrypted data is used to instruct the implant. According to some embodiments of Aspect 251SE Part 3, the implant may be further configured as follows: A communication is received from a first point and a second point of the external device. Measure interference at least two points. Comparing the measured interference with reference data related to authorized external equipment. Communications are authorized based on a comparison of the measured interference with reference data. In a fourth part of aspect 251SE, a system is provided that includes an external device of part two of aspect 251SE in communication with an implant of part three of aspect 251SE. According to some embodiments of aspect 251SE part 4, the system further includes a conductive member configured to be electrically connected to an external device. The conductive member can be configured to be positioned in electrical connection with the patient's skin for conductive communication with the implant. According to some embodiments of aspect 251SE part 4, the system further includes a second external device. The second external device may be configured to communicate with the external device. The external device may be configured to receive encrypted data from the second external device and relay the encrypted data to the implant using a second communication method. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of aspect 251SE of the second external device, the second external device comprises an interface for authentication of communication with the external device. Communication between the external device and the second external device may require the communication to be authenticated. According to some embodiments of aspect 251SE part 4, the second external device is operated by the patient's healthcare provider. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the method further includes verifying, by the patient, communication between the external device and the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 251SE, the method further includes transmitting a third part of the key from the external device to the implant using a conductive communication method, wherein the combined key is derived from the first part of the key, the second part of the key, and the third part of the key. In part 5 of aspect 251SE, there is provided a system including an external device according to part 2 of aspect 251SE, the system further including a conductive member configured to be placed in electrical connection with the patient's skin for conductive communication with an implant implanted in the patient. According to some embodiments of Aspect 251SE Part 5, the conductive member is integrally connected to an external device. According to some embodiments of Aspect 251SE Part 5, the conductive member includes a wireless communication interface for communicatively connecting with an external device. According to some embodiments of Aspect 251SE Part 3 The implant comprises at least one of the following: pacemaker unit or implantable cardioverter defibrillator, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for expanding the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. In part 6 of aspect 251SE, there is provided a computer program product for, or arranged to run on, an external device configured for encrypted communication with an implant implanted in a patient, the external device comprising first and second wireless transceivers for communicating with the implant using two separate communication methods, the communication range of the first communication method being smaller than the communication range of the second communication method, the computer program product configured to cause the first wireless transceiver to transmit a first portion of a key to the implant, the computer program product configured to cause the second wireless transceiver to transmit the second portion of the key to the implant using the second communication method, the computer program product configured to cause the second wireless transceiver to transmit encrypted data to the implant using the second communication method, the encrypted data configured to be decrypted by a composite key derived from the first portion of the key and the second portion of the key. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 251SE, the first communication method implemented by the first wireless transceiver comprises one from the following list: RFID, bluetooth, BLE, NFC, NFC-V, Infrared communication Ultrasound-based communication. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 251SE, the communication range of the first communication means is less than 10 meters. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 251SE, the communication range of the first communication means is less than 2 meters. According to some embodiments of Part 6 of Aspect 251SE, the frequency of the frequency band of the first communication method is 13.56 MHz or 27.12 MHz. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 251SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the first wireless transceiver to limit the communication range of the first communication method by adjusting the frequency and / or phase of the transmitted information. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 251SE, the second communication method implemented by the second wireless transceiver comprises one from the following list: Wireless LAN, bluetooth, BLE, 3G / 4G / 5G, and GSM. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 251SE, the encrypted data includes instructions for updating a control program running within the implant. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 251SE, the encrypted data includes instructions for operating the implant. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 251SE, the communication has a wavelength λ, and the computer program product is configured to cause the external device to transmit the communication from a first point that is a distance D away from the at least one point, and the communication is canceled for the at least one point by causing the external device to: transmitting a communication from a second point located at a distance D±(1 / 2)*Zλ from the at least one point; Or alternatively wherein the communication is amplified to at least one extent by the computer program product being configured to cause the external device to: The communication is transmitted from a second point located a distance D±Zλ from the at least one point. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 251SE, the communication has a phase P, and the computer program product is configured to cause the external device to transmit the communication from a first point, and the communication is canceled for at least one point by causing the external device to: Send a communication from a second point with a phase P±Zπ (where Z is any integer); Or alternatively A computer program product configured to: From the second point of P±2Zπ Here, the distance between the first point and the at least one point is equal to the distance between the second point and the at least one point plus or minus any integer number of wavelengths λ of communication. According to some embodiments of Aspect 251SE Part 6, the first point is a first transmitter and the second point is a second transmitter. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 251SE, the computer program product is configured to move the first point and the second point relative to each other such that at least one point is spatially shifted. According to some embodiments of aspect 251SE part 6, the first point is associated with the implant and the second point is associated with the external device. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 251SE, the first point is a first slit and the second point is a second slit, and the first and second slits are adapted to receive the same communication from a single transmitter. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 251SE, the computer program product is configured to alternate a phase P of the communication to spatially shift at least one point. According to some embodiments, an implant according to at least a portion of any one of the first, fifth, or sixth portion embodiments of side surface 251SE comprises at least one of the following: pacemaker unit or implantable cardioverter defibrillator, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for expanding the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. According to some embodiments, the implant according to or presented in any one of the embodiments of aspect 251SE comprises an internal control unit adapted to be involved in at least some of the operations performed by the implant in at least some of the embodiments of aspect 251SE.

[0014] Aspect 252SE Dual System - Two communication systems for communication between implant and external device - An embodiment of aspect 252SE of the present disclosure In a first part of Aspect 252SE, a method is provided for communicating between an external device and an implant when implanted in a patient, the method including: using a first communication system for transmitting data from the external device to the implant; A separate second communication system is used to receive data from the implant at the external device. According to an embodiment of a first portion of aspect 252SE, an implant includes a computing unit configured to: receive, at the implant, a first key from an external device; derive a combined key using the first key and a second key held by the implant; decrypt data using the combined key; and use the decrypted data to instruct the implant. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 252SE, the method further includes: receiving, at the implant, a third key generated by a second external device separate from the external device or by another external device that is a generator of the second key on behalf of the second external device, wherein the third key is received at the implant from any of the external device, the second external device, and the generator of the second key; The first and third keys, along with the second key held by the implant, are used to derive a combined key. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 252SE, the method further includes verifying a connection between the implant and the external device via the first communication system, and instructing the implant based on data transmitted from the external device as a result of the verification. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 252SE, the method further includes verifying a connection between the implant and the external device via the first communication system, and instructing the implant based on the decoded data as a result of the verification. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 252SE, the method further includes altering, by the computing unit, operation of the implant based on the data decoded within the implant. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 252SE, the first communication system is configured for wireless communication using a first network protocol, and the second communication system is configured for wireless communication using a second network protocol. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 252S E, the first or second network protocol is a proprietary network protocol, and the other network protocol is a standard network protocol. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 252SE, the method further includes: A third communication system is used, the third communication system being different from the first and second communication systems and transmitting data from a second external device separate from the external device to the implant. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 252SE, the data received at the external device from the implant includes physiological or physical sensor parameters related to the patient's physical condition and a feedback signal from the implant including one or more from a list of physical or functional parameters related to the implant's condition. In a second part of aspect 252SE, an external device configured to communicate with the implant when implanted in a patient is provided, the external device comprising: a first communication system for transmitting data to the implant; A second, separate communication system for receiving data from the implant. According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 252SE, the external device is configured to transmit a first key to the implant using a first communication system, the first key being required to decrypt the data. According to an embodiment of the second portion of aspect 252SE, the external device is configured to transmit a third key to the implant using the first communication system, the third key being generated by a second external device separate from the external device or by another external device that is the generator of the second key on behalf of the second external device, and the third key being received at the external device and transmitted to the implant using the first communication system. According to an embodiment of the second portion of aspect 252SE, the external device is further configured to: confirm a connection between the implant and the external device via the first communication system, wherein the external device is configured to communicate further data to the implant following a positive confirmation. According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 252SE, the further data includes at least one of the following: data to update the control program running inside the implant and Implant Operating Instructions According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 252SE, the first communication system is configured for wireless communication using a first network protocol, and the second communication system is configured for wireless communication using a second network protocol. According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 252SE, the first or second network protocol is a proprietary network protocol and the other network protocol is a standard network protocol. According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 252SE, data received at the external device is encrypted. According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 252SE, the second communication system is configured to receive a first key from the implant, and the external device comprises a computing unit configured to derive a combined key using the first key and a second key held by the external device, and to decrypt encrypted data received from the implant using the combined key. According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 252SE, the data received from the implant via the second communication system includes a physiological or physical sensor parameter related to the patient's physical condition and a feedback signal from the implant including one or more from a list of physical or functional parameters related to the implant's condition. In a third portion of side 252SE, an implant configured to communicate with an external device when the implant is implanted in a patient is provided, the implant comprising: a first communication system for receiving data from an external device; A second, different communication system for transmitting data to an external device. According to an embodiment of a third part of aspect 252SE, the first communication system is further configured to receive, by the first communication system, a first key from the implant, and the implant further includes a computing unit configured as follows: deriving a combined key using the first key and a second key held by the implant; Decrypt the data using the combined key, The decrypted data is used to issue instructions to the implant. According to an embodiment of a third portion of aspect 252SE, the implant is configured to receive a third key from the external device or a second external device separate from the external device, and the computing unit is configured to derive a combined key using the first, second, and third keys, and to decrypt data within the implant using the combined key. According to an embodiment of the third portion of aspect 252SE, the implant further includes a computing unit configured to: A connection between the implant and the external device via the first communication system is confirmed, and instructions are issued to the implant based on data transmitted from the external device as a result of the confirmation. According to an embodiment of the third part of aspect 252SE, the computing unit is configured to alter operation of the implant based on data decoded within the implant. According to an embodiment of the third part of aspect 252SE, the first communication system is configured for wireless communication using a first network protocol, and the second communication system is configured for wireless communication using a second network protocol. According to an embodiment of the third part of aspect 252SE, the first or second network protocol is a proprietary network protocol, and the other network protocol is a standard network protocol. According to an embodiment of a third portion of aspect 252SE, data transmitted to the external device is encrypted, and the implant is further configured to transmit a first portion of a key to the external device, the first portion of the key being part of a combined key used to decrypt the transmitted encrypted data. According to an embodiment of the third part of aspect 252SE, the data transmitted to the external device includes a physiological or physical sensor parameter related to the patient's physical condition and a feedback signal from the implant including one or more from a list of physical or functional parameters related to the implant's condition. According to an embodiment of the first portion of aspect 252SE, the data transmitted from the external device to the implant is encrypted data. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 252SE, the first communication system is a conductive communication system. According to an embodiment of the second portion of aspect 252SE, the data transmitted to the implant is encrypted data. According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 252SE, the first communication system is a conductive communication system. According to an embodiment of the third portion of aspect 252SE, the data received from the external device is encrypted data. According to an embodiment of the third portion of side 252SE, the first communication system is a conductive communication system. According to at least some embodiments of the present invention, the implant is any one of the method embodiments of the first part of aspect 252SE, and / or any one of the implant embodiments of the third part of aspect 252SE, and / or any one of the computer product embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 252SE, wherein the implant comprises at least one of the following: pacemaker unit or implantable cardioverter defibrillator, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for stretching the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants Implants that control drug treatment parameters, implants that control blood parameters, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. In a fourth part of Aspect 252SE, there is provided a computer program product of or arranged to run on an external device configured to communicate with an implant when implanted in a patient, the external device comprising: a. a first communication system, wherein the computer program product is configured to cause the first communication system to be used for transmitting data to the implant; b. a second, different, communication system, the computer program product being configured to cause the second communication system to be used to receive data from the implant. According to an embodiment of the fourth part of aspect 252SE, a computer program product is configured to cause the external device to transmit a first key to the implant using a first communication system, the first key being required to decrypt the data. According to an embodiment of the fourth part of aspect 252SE, a computer program product is configured to cause an external device to transmit a third key to the implant using a first communication system, the third key being generated by a second external device separate from the external device or by another external device that is a generator of the second key on behalf of the second external device, the third key being received at the external device and transmitted to the implant using the first communication system. According to an embodiment of aspect 252SE part 4, the computer program product is configured to confirm a connection between the implant and the external device via the first communication system, and the computer program product is further configured to cause the external device to communicate further data to the implant after positive confirmation. According to an embodiment of the fourth part of aspect 252SE, the further data consists of at least one of the following: a. Data to update the control program running within the implant; and a. Implant operating instructions According to an embodiment of the fourth part of aspect 252SE, the first communication system is configured for wireless communication using a first network protocol, and the second communication system is configured for wireless communication using a second network protocol. According to an embodiment of Aspect 252SE Part 4, the first or second network protocol is a proprietary network protocol and the other network protocol is a standard network protocol. According to an embodiment of Aspect 252SE Part 4, data received at the external device is encrypted. According to an embodiment of the fourth part of aspect 252SE, the second communication system is configured to receive a first key from the implant, the external device includes a computing unit, and the computer program product is configured to cause the computing unit to: deriving a combined key using the first key and a second key held by the external device; The combined key is used to decrypt encrypted data received from the implant. According to an embodiment of the fourth part of aspect 252SE, the data received from the implant via the second communication system includes physiological or physical sensor parameters related to the patient's physical condition and a feedback signal from the implant including one or more from a list of physical or functional parameters related to the implant's condition. According to an embodiment of aspect 252SE part 4, the data transmitted to the implant is encrypted data. According to an embodiment of Aspect 252SE Part 4, the first communication system is a conductive communication system. An implant according to at least a portion of any one of the method embodiments of the first part of the aspect of 252SE, and / or any one of the implant embodiments of the third part of the aspect of 252SE, and / or any one of the computer product embodiments of the fourth part of the aspect of 252SE, comprises an internal control unit adapted to be involved in at least some of the operations performed by the implant in at least some of the other embodiments of the aspects of 252SE.

[0015] Aspect 253SE Passive Proxy - Passive Proxy - An embodiment of aspect 253SE of the present disclosure In a first part of a tenth aspect, there is provided an external device for relaying communications between a second external device and an implant implanted in a patient. The external device includes a wireless transceiver configured to wirelessly communicate with the second external device and the implant. The wireless transceiver is configured to receive instructions from the second external device. The wireless transceiver is configured to transmit instructions to the implant. The external device further includes a verification unit. The verification unit is configured as follows: Upon authentication of the relay function of the external device, causing the wireless transceiver to transmit instructions to the implant; When the relay function of the external device is not authenticated or the authentication fails, the external device is made to hold the instruction. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 253SE, the user is a patient in whom the implant is to be implanted. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 253SE, the authentication input is a patient parameter. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 253SE, the user is a caregiver. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 253SE, the authentication input is a caregiver parameter. According to some embodiments of preceding aspect 253SE, the authentication input is a code. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 253SE, the wireless transceiver is configured to receive instructions from a second external device communicated using the first network protocol. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 253SE, the wireless transceiver is configured to send instructions to the implant communicated using the second network protocol. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 253SE, the first network protocol is a standard network protocol from the following list: -Radio Frequency Protocol -Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) type protocols -Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) -bluetooth -Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) -Near field communication (NFC) -3G / 4G / 5G -GSM According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 253SE, the second network protocol is a proprietary network protocol. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 253SE, the instructions received at the external device are encrypted, and the external device may be configured to transmit the instructions to the implant without decrypting the instructions. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 253SE, the second external device comprises an instruction provider adapted to receive instructions from a caregiver that generate at least one component of the instructions. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 253SE, the external device is further adapted to receive an authentication input from the care recipient, the authentication input including at least one of a code and a parameter of the care recipient. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 253SE, the code is generated by an instruction provider. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 253SE, the authentication input comprises a single-use code. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 253SE, the external device is configured to be placed in electrical connection with the conductive member for conductively communicating with the implant. In a second part of the tenth aspect, a method is provided for relaying communications between a second external device and an implant implanted in a patient via a wireless transceiver of the external device. The method consists of the following steps: The wireless transceiver receives instructions from a second external device communicated using the first network protocol. A verification unit receives authentication input from a user. Authenticating the relay function of the external device based on the authentication input. and transmitting instructions to the implant using the second network protocol via the wireless transceiver once the relay functionality of the external device is authenticated. Upon de-authentication or failure of authentication of the relay functionality of the external device, an indication is maintained at the external device. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 253SE, the user is a patient having an implant, and the implant transmits using the second network protocol that the relay functionality of the external device has been authenticated. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 253SE, the authentication input is a patient parameter. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 253SE, the user is a caregiver. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 253SE, the authentication input is a caregiver parameter. According to some embodiments of Aspect 253SE Part 2, the authentication input is a code. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 253SE, the first network protocol is a standard network protocol from the following list: -Radio Frequency Protocol -RFID Type Protocol -Wifi -bluetooth -BLE -NFC -3G / 4G / 5G -GSM According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 253SE, the second network protocol is a proprietary network protocol. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 253SE, the instructions received at the external device are encrypted, and the step of transmitting the instructions to the implant can then be performed without decrypting the instructions at the external device. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 253SE, the method further includes the steps of: Receiving instructions from the caregiver by an instruction provider of the second external device. Generate at least one component of the instruction. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 253SE, the method further includes providing, by the care recipient, an authentication input including at least one of a code and a parameter of the care recipient. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 253SE, the method further includes generating the code by the instruction provider. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 253SE, the authentication input comprises a single-use code. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 253SE, the method further includes placing a conductive member configured to connect to an external device in electrical connection with the patient's skin to conductively communicate with the implant. In a third portion of the tenth aspect, a system is provided that includes an external device according to the first portion of aspect 253SE and an implant implanted in a patient, the system further including a conductive member configured to be electrically connected to the external device, the conductive member configured to be placed in electrical connection with the patient's skin for conductive communication with the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 253SE, the external device is configured to decode the communication from the second external device at the external device, and the external device is further configured to transmit the decoded communication to the implant via the near-field communication means. In a fourth part of aspect 253SE, a computer program product of or arranged to run on an external device for relaying communications between a second external device and an implant implanted in a patient is provided, the external device comprising: a wireless transceiver configured to wirelessly communicate with the second external device and the implant, the computer program product configured to cause the wireless transceiver to receive instructions from the second external device and to transmit the instructions to the implant; and a verification unit configured to receive an authentication input from a user to authenticate a relay function of the external device, the computer program product configured to: Upon authentication of the relay function of the external device, causing the wireless transceiver to transmit instructions to the implant; When the relay function of the external device is not authenticated or the authentication fails, the external device is made to hold the instruction. According to some embodiments of Aspect 253SE Part 4, the user is a patient in whom an implant has been placed. According to some embodiments of Aspect 253SE Part 4, the authentication input is a patient parameter. According to some embodiments of Aspect 253SE Part 4, the authentication input is a code. According to some embodiments of Aspect 253SE Part 4, the user is a caregiver. According to some embodiments of Aspect 253SE Part 4, the authentication input is a caregiver parameter. According to some embodiments of Aspect 253SE Part 4, the authentication input is a code. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of aspect 253SE, the wireless transceiver is configured to receive instructions from a second external device communicated using the first network protocol. According to some embodiments of the fourth portion of aspect 253SE, the wireless transceiver is configured to send instructions to the implant communicated using the second network protocol. According to some embodiments of Aspect 253SE Part 4, the first network protocol is a standard network protocol from the following list: High frequency type protocols, RFID type protocols, Wireless LAN, bluetooth, BLE, NFC, 3G / 4G / 5G, and GSM. According to some embodiments of Aspect 253SE Part 4, the second network protocol is a proprietary network protocol. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 253SE, the instructions received at the external device are encrypted, and the computer program product is configured to cause the external device to transmit the instructions to the implant without decrypting the instructions. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 253SE, the second external device comprises an instruction provider, and the computer program product is configured to cause the instruction provider to receive instructions from a caregiver that generate at least one component of the instructions. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 253SE, the computer program product is further configured to cause the external device to receive an authentication input from the care recipient, the authentication input including at least one of a code and a parameter of the care recipient. According to some embodiments of aspect 253SE Part 4, the computer program product is configured to cause code to be generated by an instruction provider. According to some embodiments of Aspect 253SE Part 4, the authentication input comprises a single-use code. According to some embodiments of the fourth part of aspect 253SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the external device to decode a communication from a second external device, and the computer program product is further configured to cause the external device to transmit the decoded communication to the implant via a short-range communication means. According to some embodiments, an implant according to at least a portion of any one of the embodiments of aspect 253SE comprises at least one of the following: pacemaker unit or implantable cardioverter defibrillator, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for stretching the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. According to some embodiments, an implant according to or as presented in any one of the embodiments of aspect 253SE comprises an internal control unit adapted to be involved in at least some of the operations performed by the implant in at least some of the embodiments of aspect 251SE.

[0016] Aspect 254SE Automatic Update - Automatic Update of Implant Control Program - Embodiment of Aspect 254SE of the Disclosure In a first portion of aspect 254SE, a method is provided for updating a control program adapted to be executed in a computing unit of an implant when implanted in a patient, the method including the steps of receiving data by the computing unit and updating the control program by the computing unit based on the received data. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the method further includes transmitting data from the implant to the external device and updating the control program at the external device based on the received data, wherein the data received by the computing unit constitutes the updated control program. According to an embodiment of the first portion of aspect 254SE, the data transmitted from the implant includes at least one physiological parameter of the patient. According to an embodiment of the first portion of aspect 254SE, the data transmitted from the implant includes at least one functional parameter of the implant. According to an embodiment of the first portion of aspect 254SE, the method further includes sensing at least one parameter using an implantable sensor, wherein data received by a computing unit comprises the at least one sensed parameter, and updating, by the computing unit, a control program based on the at least one sensed parameter. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the at least one parameter includes at least one physiological parameter of the patient. According to an embodiment of the first portion of side 254SE, the at least one parameter includes at least one functional parameter of the implant. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the method further includes the patient or the patient's caregiver controlling the computing unit using at least one of an implantable manual receiver, an implantable switch, and a remote control; the patient or caregiver providing feedback related to operation of the implant, wherein the data received by the computing unit includes the feedback; and the computing unit updating the control program based on the patient's feedback. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the method further includes receiving feedback from at least one of the patient in whom the implant is implanted and the at least one sensor in response to a control program controlling the implant, and updating, by the computing unit, the control program based on the received feedback. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, data received by the computing unit constitutes said feedback. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the method further comprises the following steps: - updating a control program in an external device based on said feedback, wherein the data received by said computing unit comprises an updated control program. According to an embodiment of the first portion of aspect 254SE, updating the control program includes adjusting at least one parameter of the implant. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the method further includes a step of transmitting the received feedback to an external device, and the data received by the computing unit includes calibration parameters transmitted from the external device, the calibration parameters being based on the feedback provided to the external device. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the method further comprises the following steps: - receiving an authentication input from a user to authenticate the update of the control program, and updating the control program by the computing unit as a result of the authentication input. According to an embodiment of a first portion of aspect 254SE, the implant is wirelessly connected to an external device, and the external device is configured to relay communications between the second external device and the implant, and the method includes the following steps: receiving, by a wireless transceiver of the external device, instructions from the second external device communicated using a first network protocol; receiving, by a verification unit of the external device, authentication input from a user, authenticating a relay function of the external device based on the authentication input; and sending, by the wireless transceiver, instructions to the implant using the second network protocol only if the relay function of the external device is authenticated, wherein the data received by the computing unit includes the instructions. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the instructions include one of an updated control program and calibration parameters of the implant. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the authentication input is a patient parameter. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the authentication input is a code. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the first network protocol is a standard network protocol from the list of a radio frequency type protocol, an RFID type protocol, a WLAN type protocol, a Bluetooth type protocol, a BLE type protocol, an NFC type protocol, a 3G / 4G / 5G type protocol, a GSM type protocol. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the second network protocol is a proprietary network protocol. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the data received by the computing unit is encrypted, and the method further includes receiving, by the computing unit, at least one key and decrypting the encrypted data using the at least one key. In a second part of aspect 254SE, an implant is provided that is configured to update a control program adapted to be executed in a computing unit of the implant when implanted in a patient, the computing unit being configured to: receive data; and update the control program based on the received data. According to an embodiment of the second portion of aspect 254SE, the implant is further configured to transmit data from the implant to the external device using the transceiver and to receive an updated control program from the external device by the transceiver in response to the transmitted data. According to an embodiment of the second portion of aspect 254SE, the implant further comprises a sensor for sensing at least one physiological parameter of the patient, and the data transmitted from the implant includes the at least one physiological parameter of the implant. According to an embodiment of the second portion of aspect 254SE, the data transmitted from the implant includes at least one functional parameter of the implant. According to an embodiment of the second portion of aspect 254SE, the implant is further in communication with an implantable sensor adapted to sense at least one parameter, the data received by the computing unit includes the at least one sensed parameter, and the computing unit is configured to update the control program based on the at least one sensed parameter. According to an embodiment of the second portion of side 254SE, the at least one parameter includes at least one physiological parameter of the implant. According to an embodiment of the second portion of side 254SE, the at least one parameter includes at least one functional parameter of the implant. According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 254SE, the computing device is configured to be controlled by at least one of an implantable manual receiver, an implantable switch, or a remote control to receive feedback from the patient, and the computing device is configured to update the control program based on the patient feedback. According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 254SE, the implant is configured to receive feedback from at least one of a patient in whom the implant is implanted and the at least one sensor in response to a control program controlling the implant, and the computing device is configured to update the control program based on the received feedback. According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 254SE, the implant is configured to transmit the received feedback to the external device and, in response thereto, receive by the computing unit data including calibration parameters transmitted from the external device, the calibration parameters being based on the feedback provided to the external device. According to an embodiment of the second portion of aspect 254SE, the computing device is configured to update the control program by adjusting at least one parameter of the implant. According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 254SE, the computing unit is configured to receive an authentication input from a user to authenticate an update of the control program, and to update the control program by the computing unit as a result of the authentication input. According to an embodiment of the second part of aspect 254SE, the data received by the computing unit is encrypted, and the computing unit is further configured to: receive at least one key; and decrypt the encrypted data using the at least one key. In a third part of aspect 254SE, a system is provided that includes an implant according to the second part of aspect 254SE wirelessly connected to an external device, the external device configured to relay communication between a second external device and the implant, the external device including: a wireless transceiver configured to wirelessly communicate with a second external device and an implant, the wireless transceiver configured to receive instructions from the second external device communicated using a first network protocol, and the wireless transceiver configured to transmit the instructions to the implant using a second network protocol; and an authentication unit configured to receive authentication input from a user to authenticate a relay function of the external device, wherein the wireless transceiver is configured to transmit instructions to the implant only if the relay function of the external device is authenticated, and the data received by the computing unit of the implant includes the instructions. According to an embodiment of the third portion of aspect 254SE, the instructions include one of an updated control program and calibration parameters for the implant. According to an embodiment of the third part of aspect 254SE, the authentication input is a patient parameter. According to an embodiment of the third part of aspect 254SE, the authentication input is a code. According to an embodiment of the third part of aspect 254SE, the first network protocol is a standard network protocol from the list of a radio frequency type protocol, an RFID type protocol, a WLAN type protocol, a Bluetooth type protocol, a BLE type protocol, an NFC type protocol, a 3G / 4G / 5G type protocol, a GSM type protocol. According to an embodiment of the third part of aspect 254SE, the second network protocol is a proprietary network protocol. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, a first communication system is used for receiving data by the computing unit of the implant, and a second communication system is used for transmitting data from the implant to an external device. According to an embodiment of the first part of aspect 254SE, the method further includes relaying the data to the second external device and receiving the updated control program at the second external device. According to an embodiment of the first portion of side 254SE, the caregiver transmits data to the implant directly from or via a second external device. According to an embodiment of the first portion of side 254SE, the connection between the implant and the external device is authenticated by a conductive communication or connection between the implant and the external device. According to an embodiment of the second portion of side 254SE, the implant includes at least one of the following: According to some embodiments, an implant according to at least a portion of any one of the embodiments of side surface 254SE, such as the second portion of side surface 254SE, comprises at least one of the following: pacemaker unit or implantable cardioverter defibrillator, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for stretching the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. According to some embodiments, an implant according to any one of the embodiments of aspect 254SE or presented in any one of the embodiments of aspect 254SE, for example the second part of aspect 254SE, comprises an internal control unit adapted to be involved in at least some of the operations performed by the implant in at least some of the embodiments of aspect 254SE.

[0017] Aspect 255SE Information from Implants - Information from Implants - Embodiments of aspect 255SE of the disclosure In a first part of Aspect 255SE, an implant is provided. The implant includes at least one sensor for sensing at least one physiological parameter of a patient and a communication unit configured to transmit the sensed parameter from the patient's body to an external device. The implant includes at least one vascular portion configured to be positioned proximate to a blood vessel of the patient, the vascular portion including the sensor. The sensor is configured to sense at least one parameter related to the patient's blood. According to some embodiments of the first portion of Aspect 255SE, the blood vessel portion includes at least one needle for extracting blood from the blood vessel for transport to the at least one sensor. According to some embodiments of the first portion of side 255SE, the vascular portion further comprises a needle manipulation device configured to displace the needle so that the needle can change from extracting blood at a first site to extracting blood at a second site. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 255SE, the sensor is an optical sensor configured to optically sense at least one parameter of the patient's blood. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 255SE, the sensor is configured for spectrophotometry. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 255SE, the optical sensor is configured to sense visible light. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 255SE, the optical sensor is configured to sense ultraviolet light. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 255SE, the optical sensor is configured to sense IR radiation. According to some embodiments of the first part of Aspect 255SE, the at least one sensor is configured to sense at least one of the following: oxygen saturation, blood pressure, a parameter related to liver function, a parameter related to the presence or absence of cancer, a parameter related to bile function, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, prostate specific antigen, cholesterol level, potassium, sodium, cortisol, adrenaline, ethanol, a parameter related to blood constituents, platelets, white blood cells, red blood cells, viscosity, a parameter related to flux, a parameter related to flow direction, a parameter related to flow rate, plasma concentration, a parameter related to hormones, a parameter related to enzyme activity, calcium, iron, iron binding capacity, transferrin, ferritin, ammonia, copper, ceruloplasmin, phosphate, zinc, magnesium, pH, oxygen tension, carbon dioxide, bicarbonate, a parameter related to proteins, blood lipids, tumor markers, vitamins, toxins, antibodies, a parameter related to electrolytes, drug levels, drug levels converted into different substances, therapeutic marker levels, antigen levels, antibody levels, immunoglobin levels. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 255SE, the at least one sensor is configured to sense at least one of a parameter related to the effectiveness of the therapeutic treatment and the presence of a medication or a substance resulting from a medication. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 255SE, the at least one sensor is configured to sense the presence of at least one of an antibiotic medication, a chemotherapy medication, and insulin, or a substance according to any of the foregoing. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 255SE, the at least one sensor is configured to sense a parameter related to the effectiveness of at least one of the cancer treatment and the antibiotic treatment. In a second part of aspect 255SE, an implant is provided, the implant comprising: at least one sensor for sensing at least one physiological parameter of a patient; and a communication unit configured to transmit the sensed parameter from the patient's body to an external device. The implant comprises at least one food path portion configured to be positioned proximate to a food path of the patient, the food path portion comprising a sensor, the sensor configured to sense at least one parameter associated with the patient's food path. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 255SE, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense at least one of intestinal activity, gastric activity, and esophageal activity. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 255SE, the sensor is at least one of an acceleration sensor, a motility sensor, and a strain sensor. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 255SE, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense an electrical parameter. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 255SE, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense any parameter related to the contents of at least one of the intestine, the stomach, and the esophagus. According to some embodiments of the second portion of Aspect 255SE, the food passage portion comprises at least one needle for extracting contents from the food passage for delivery to the at least one sensor. According to some embodiments of the second portion of side 255SE, the food passage portion further comprises a needle manipulation device configured to displace the needle such that the needle can change from extracting contents from the food passage at the first location to extracting contents of the food passage at the second location. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 255SE, the sensor is an optical sensor configured to optically sense at least one parameter of the patient's food path. According to some embodiments of the second portion of Aspect 255SE, the optical sensor is configured for spectrophotometry. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 255SE, the optical sensor is configured to sense visible light. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 255SE, the optical sensor is configured to sense ultraviolet light. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 255SE, the optical sensor is configured to sense IR radiation. According to some embodiments of the second part of Aspect 255SE, the sensor is configured to directly or indirectly, and precisely or approximately, sense the passage of food through the food passage, including at least one of solid food passing through the food passage, liquid passing through the food passage, and the number of swallows of contents passing through at least one of the food passage of the intestine, the stomach, and the esophagus. According to some embodiments of the second part of Aspect 255SE, the sensor is an audio sensor configured to sense a sound parameter of the patient's food passage. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 255SE, the sensor is an audio sensor configured to sense a bowel sound parameter of the patient. In a third part of aspect 255SE, an implant is provided, the implant comprising: at least one sensor for sensing at least one physiological parameter of a patient; and a communication unit configured to transmit the sensed parameter from the patient's body to an external device, wherein the at least one sensor is an ultrasound sensor configured to sense the at least one parameter of the patient using ultrasound. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 255SE, the implant comprises a cardiac portion, the cardiac portion comprising an ultrasound sensor, the ultrasound sensor configured to sense at least one parameter related to the patient's heart. According to some embodiments of Aspect 255SE Part 3, the ultrasound sensor is configured to sense blood flow within the heart. According to some embodiments of aspect 255SE part 3, the ultrasound sensor is configured to sense the presence of fluid within the pericardial cavity. According to some embodiments of the third portion of side 255SE, the ultrasonic sensor is configured to sense the presence of a body of fluid within the patient. According to some embodiments of Aspect 255SE third portion, the ultrasound sensor is configured to sense the level of urine in the bladder. In a fourth part of aspect 255SE, an implant is provided, the implant including at least one sensor for sensing at least one physiological parameter of a patient and a communication unit configured to transmit the sensed parameter from the patient's body to an external device, the implant including a cardiac portion including the sensor. The sensor is configured to sense at least one parameter related to the patient's heart. According to some embodiments of Aspect 255SE Part 4, the sensor is configured to sense at least one parameter related to electrical activity of the heart. According to some embodiments of Aspect 255SE Part 4, the sensor is configured to sense at least one sound parameter related to the heart. In a fifth part of aspect 255SE, an implant is provided, the implant comprising at least one sensor for sensing at least one physiological parameter of a patient and a communication unit configured to transmit the sensed parameter from the patient's body to an external device, the implant comprising a pulmonary portion, the pulmonary portion comprising a sensor, the sensor configured to sense at least one parameter related to the patient's lungs. According to some embodiments of Aspect 255SE Part 5, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense respiratory activity. According to some embodiments of Aspect 255SE Part 5, the sensor is at least one of an acceleration sensor, a motility sensor, and a strain sensor. According to some embodiments of Aspect 255SE Part 5, the sensor is an optical sensor configured to optically sense at least one parameter of the patient's lungs. According to some embodiments of Aspect 255SE Part 5, the sensor is an audio sensor configured to sense sound parameters of the patient's lungs. In a sixth part of aspect 255SE, an implant is provided, the implant comprising at least one sensor for sensing at least one physiological parameter of a patient and a communication unit configured to transmit the sensed parameter from the patient's body to an external device, the implant comprising a urination portion, the urinary portion comprising a sensor, the sensor configured to sense at least one parameter related to the patient's urinary bladder. According to some embodiments of the sixth portion of aspect 255SE, the sensor is an optical sensor configured to optically sense at least one parameter of the patient's urinary bladder. According to some embodiments of the sixth part of aspect 255SE, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense bladder activity. According to some embodiments of the sixth portion of aspect 255SE, the sensor is at least one of an acceleration sensor, a motility sensor, and a strain sensor. In a seventh part of aspect 255SE, an implant is provided, the implant comprising at least one sensor for sensing at least one physiological parameter of the patient and a communication unit configured to transmit the sensed parameter from the patient's body to an external device, the at least one sensor being an audio sensor configured to sense at least one audio parameter of the patient. According to some embodiments of the seventh part of aspect 255SE, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense an audio parameter related to activity of the gastrointestinal system. According to some embodiments of the seventh part of aspect 255SE, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense an audio parameter related to lung activity of the patient. According to some embodiments of the seventh part of aspect 255SE, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense an audio parameter related to cardiac activity of the patient. According to some embodiments of the seventh portion of aspect 255SE, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense a voice parameter associated with the patient's voice. In an eighth part of aspect 255SE, an implant is provided, the implant comprising at least one sensor for sensing at least one physiological parameter of the patient and a communication unit configured to transmit the sensed parameter from the patient's body to an external device, the at least one sensor being an audio sensor configured to sense at least one audio parameter of the patient. According to some embodiments of the eighth part of aspect 255SE, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense an audio parameter related to activity of the gastrointestinal system. According to some embodiments of the eighth part of aspect 255SE, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense an audio parameter related to lung activity of the patient. According to some embodiments of the eighth part of aspect 255SE, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense an audio parameter related to cardiac activity of the patient. According to some embodiments of the eighth portion of aspect 255SE, the sensor is a sensor configured to sense a voice parameter associated with the patient's voice. In a ninth part of aspect 255SE, a system is provided that includes an implant implanted in a patient, an external device, and a second external device. The external device is configured to transmit data related to the sensed parameter to the second external device. The external device is configured to add information to the data related to the sensed parameter before transmitting it to the second external device. According to some embodiments of the ninth part of aspect 255SE, the external device comprises a sensor for recording information that is added to the data relating to the sensed parameter. According to some embodiments of the ninth part of Aspect 255SE, the sensor comprises a geographic location sensor such as a thermometer or a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. According to some embodiments of the ninth part of aspect 255SE, the external device is configured to automatically add information to the data related to the sensed parameter. According to some embodiments of the ninth part of aspect 255SE, the external device is configured to add information to the data relating to the sensed parameter in response to manual input from a user. According to some embodiments of the ninth part of aspect 255SE, the added information comprises at least one of the following: the patient's weight, the patient's height, the patient's temperature, The patient's eating habits, The patient's exercise habits, the patient's toilet habits, The patient's outside temperature or body temperature, and Patient geographic location data. According to some embodiments of Parts 1 to 8 of Aspect 255SE, the implant comprises at least one of the following: pacemaker unit or implantable cardioverter defibrillator, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for expanding the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. According to some embodiments of portions 1 to 8 of side 255SE, the implant comprises an internal control unit adapted to be involved in at least some of the operations performed by the implant in at least some of the embodiments of any one of side 255SE.

[0018] Aspect 256SE Device-Synchronized Patient Parameters - Using patient parameters to authenticate the connection between the implant and the external device - an embodiment of Aspect 256SE of the present disclosure In a first portion of aspect 256SE, a method for authenticating a connection between an implant implanted in a patient and an external device is provided, the method comprising establishing a connection between the external device and the implant, measuring a parameter of the patient by the implant, measuring a parameter of the patient by the external device, comparing the parameter measured by the implant and the parameter measured by the external device, and performing authentication of the connection based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 256SE, the method further includes transmitting the parameter measured by the external device from the external device to the implant, wherein the comparison is performed by the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 256SE, the method further includes transmitting the parameter measured by the implant from the implant to an external device, wherein the comparison is performed by the external device. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 256SE, the patient parameter is related to the patient's pulse rate. According to some embodiments of the preceding aspect 256SE, the patient parameter relates to blood oxygen saturation of the patient. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 256SE, the patient parameter is related to the patient's respiratory rate. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 256SE, the patient parameter is related to a temperature of the patient. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 256SE, the patient parameter is related to at least one sound of the patient. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 256SE, the patient parameter is related to at least one physical movement of the patient. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 256SE, the implant-measured parameter is time-stamped and the external device-measured parameter is time-stamped, and comparing the implant-measured parameter to the external device-measured parameter comprises comparing the time-stamp provided by the implant to the time-stamp provided by the external device. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 256SE, the method further comprises synchronizing a clock of the implant with a clock of the external device. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 256SE, comparing the parameter measured by the implant and the parameter measured by the external device comprises calculating a difference value between the parameter measured by the implant and the parameter measured by the external device, and authenticating comprises authenticating the connection if the difference value is less than a predetermined threshold difference value and not authenticating the connection if the difference value is equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold difference value. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 256SE, the method further includes placing a conductive member configured to connect with an external device in electrical connection with the patient's skin for conductive communication with the implant. According to some embodiments of aspect 256SE above, communication between the implant and the external device is wireless. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 256SE, the communication between the implant and the external device is conductive communication. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 256SE, further including, after positive authentication, communicating additional data between the implant and the external device. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 256SE, the method further includes determining a cryptographic hash based on parameters measured by at least one of the external device and the implant, wherein the further data includes the cryptographic hash. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 256SE, further data is communicated from the external device to the implant, the further data including at least one of data for updating a control program executing within the implant and operating instructions for operating the implant. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 256SE, additional data is communicated from the implant to the external device, the additional data comprising data sensed by a sensor connected to the implant. According to some embodiments of the first portion of aspect 256SE, the comparison is performed by the implant. The method further includes continually requesting, or receiving at the external device, information on the authentication status of the connection between the implant and the external device, and, upon determining at the external device that the connection is authenticated, transmitting further data from the external device to the implant. According to some embodiments of the first part of aspect 256SE, the comparison is performed by the external device. The method further includes the steps of continually requesting, by or at the implant, information on the authentication status of the connection between the implant and the external device, and, at the implant, transmitting further data from the implant to the external device upon determining that the connection is authenticated. In a second part of aspect 256SE, an implant is provided for implantation in a patient and adapted for connection with an external device. The implant includes a first sensor for measuring a parameter of the patient. The implant further includes an internal computing unit. The internal computing unit is configured to receive the parameter of the patient from the external device. The internal computing unit is further configured to compare the parameter measured by the implant with a parameter measured by the external device. The internal computing unit is further configured to perform authentication of the connection based on the comparison. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 256SE, the first sensor is configured to measure a pulse of the patient. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 256SE, the first sensor is configured to measure a respiratory rate of the patient. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 256SE, the first sensor is configured to measure a temperature of the patient. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 256SE, the first sensor is configured to measure at least one sound of the patient. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 256SE, the first sensor is configured to measure at least one physical movement of the patient. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 256SE, the parameter measured by the implant comprises a timestamp. The measured parameter received from the external device comprises a timestamp. Comparing the parameter measured by the implant to the parameter measured by the external device comprises comparing the timestamp of the parameter measured by the implant to the timestamp of the measured parameter received from the external device. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 256SE, the implant comprises a clock configured to synchronize with a clock of the external device. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 256SE, the internal computing unit is configured to calculate a difference value between the parameter measured by the implant and the parameter measured by the external device, and the internal computing unit is further configured to authorize the connection if the difference value is less than a predetermined threshold difference value and not authorize the connection if the difference value is equal to or exceeds the predetermined threshold difference value. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 256SE, the communication between the implant and the external device is wireless communication. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 256SE, the communication between the implant and the external device is conductive communication. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 256SE, the implant is configured to communicate further data to the external device after positive authentication. According to some embodiments of the second part of aspect 256SE, the implant is further configured to determine a cryptographic hash based on parameters measured by at least one of the external device and the implant, and the further data includes the cryptographic hash. According to some embodiments of the second portion of aspect 256SE, the additional data comprises data sensed by the sensor or another sensor connected to the implant. The horse-running external device includes a second sensor for measuring a parameter of the patient by the external device. The external device further includes an external computing unit. The external computing unit is connected to the living body of the living body and the hairline of the living body. The external computing unit is connected to the living body of the living body and the hairline of the living body. The external computing unit is connected to the living body of the living body. The external computing unit is connected to the living body of the living body. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 256SE, the second sensor is configured to measure a pulse of the patient. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 256SE, the second sensor is configured to measure a respiratory rate of the patient. According to some embodiments of Aspect 256SE third portion, the second sensor is configured to measure a temperature of the patient. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 256SE, the second sensor is configured to measure at least one sound of the patient. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 256SE, the second sensor is configured to measure at least one physical movement by the patient. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 256SE, the parameter measured by the external device comprises a timestamp. The measured parameter received from the implant comprises a timestamp. Comparing the parameter measured at the implant and the parameter measured by the external device comprises comparing the timestamp of the measured parameter received from the implant with the timestamp of the parameter measured by the external device. According to some embodiments of the third part of aspect 256SE, the external device comprises a clock configured to synchronize with a clock of the implant. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 256SE, the external computing unit is configured to calculate a difference value between the parameter measured by the implant and the parameter measured by the external device, and the external computing unit is further configured to authorize the connection if the difference value is less than a predetermined threshold difference value and not authorize the connection if the difference value is equal to or exceeds the predetermined threshold difference value. According to some embodiments of the third part of aspect 256SE, the external device is configured to communicate further data to the implant after positive authentication. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 256SE, the implant is further configured to determine a cryptographic hash based on parameters measured by at least one of the external device and the implant, and the further data includes the cryptographic hash. According to some embodiments of the third portion of aspect 256SE, the further data includes at least one of data for updating a control program executing within the implant and operating instructions for operating the implant. According to some embodiments of the third portion of side 256SE, the external device further includes a conductive member configured to be electrically connected to the external device, the conductive member configured to be positioned in electrical communication with the patient's skin for conductive communication with the implant. In a fourth part of aspect 256SE, a computer program product is provided that includes a computer-readable storage medium having instructions adapted to perform at least a portion of the method of part 1 of aspect 256SE when executed by a device having processing capability. According to an embodiment of the second portion of side 256SE, the implant comprises at least one of the following: pacemaker unit or implantable cardioverter defibrillator, external cardiac compression devices, a device that assists the pumping function of a patient's heart; Operable artificial heart valves, implantable drug delivery devices, hydraulic, mechanical, and / or electrical contractile implants; an operable volumetric filling device; surgical gastric band, a manipulable implant for stretching the patient's stomach wall; Operable cosmetic implants, implants that control bladder emptying; Implants to prevent urinary leakage implants to prevent anal incontinence, implants that control fecal excretion, implants to monitor aneurysms; implants that lubricate joints, Implants with reservoirs to hold fluids implants that store and / or empty internal or surgically created reservoirs; implants that communicate with databases outside the body; Externally programmable implants, implants that can be programmed externally via wireless signals, Implants to treat impotence, An implant that controls the flow of eggs within the uterine canal, Implants that control sperm flow implants to treat osteoarthritis, implants that test internal body parameters; implants that control specific treatment parameters from within the body; Implants that control body parameters from within the body, blood pressure control implants implants that control drug treatment parameters; Implants that control blood parameters, implants for adjusting or replacing bone parts of the patient's body; Implants that replace a patient's organ or part of an organ or its function; Vascular treatment device An implant that moves fluid within a patient's body. According to an embodiment of the second portion of aspect 256SE, the implant comprises an internal control unit adapted to be involved in at least some of the operations performed by the implant in at least some of the embodiments of any one of aspect 256SE. In a fifth part of aspect 256SE, there is provided a computer program product of, or adapted to run on, an external device adapted for connection with an implant implanted in a patient, the external device comprising: c. a second sensor, wherein the computer program product is configured to cause the second sensor to measure a parameter of the patient via an external device; and d. an external computing unit, wherein the computer program product is configured to cause the external computing unit to: Receive patient parameters from the implant, ii. comparing the parameters measured by the external device with the parameters measured by the implant; iii. Perform authentication of the connection based on the comparison. According to an embodiment of the fifth part of aspect 256SE, the patient parameter comprises the patient's pulse rate. According to an embodiment of the fifth part of aspect 256SE, the patient parameter comprises a patient respiratory rate. According to an embodiment of the fifth part of aspect 256SE, the patient parameter comprises a patient temperature. According to an embodiment of the fifth part of aspect 256SE, the patient parameters include at least one sound of the patient. According to an embodiment of the fifth part of aspect 256SE, the patient parameters include at least one physical movement by the patient. According to an embodiment of the fifth part of aspect 256SE, the parameters measured by the external device comprise a timestamp and the measured parameters received from the implant comprise a timestamp, and comparing the parameters measured at the implant with the parameters measured at the external device comprises comparing the timestamp of the measured parameters received from the implant with the timestamp of the parameters measured by the external device. According to an embodiment of the fifth part of aspect 256SE, the computer program product is configured to synchronize a clock of the external device with a clock of the implant. According to an embodiment of a fifth part of aspect 256SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the external computing unit to calculate a difference value between a parameter measured by the implant and a parameter measured by the external device, the computer program product being further configured to cause the external computing unit to authorize the connection if the difference value is less than a predetermined threshold difference value and not authorize the connection if the difference value is equal to or exceeds the predetermined threshold difference value. According to an embodiment of the fifth part of aspect 256SE, the computer program product is configured to cause the external device to communicate further data to the implant following positive authentication. According to an embodiment of the fifth part of aspect 256SE, the computer program product is further configured to determine a cryptographic hash based on parameters measured by at least one of the external device and the implant, and the further data includes the cryptographic hash. According to an embodiment of the fifth part of aspect 256SE, the further data consists of at least one of the following: a. Data to update the control program running within the implant; and b. Implant operating instructions In a sixth portion of aspect 256SE, an implant for authenticating a connection between an implant implanted in a patient and an external device is provided, the implant comprising: a. Sensors that detect bodily sensations as authentication data b. a storage unit adapted to store authentication data related to the sensation; c. a receiver adapted to receive input from an external sensory device, the receiver providing input authentication data; d. Authorize the connection based on the entered authentication data and analysis of the authentication data. According to an embodiment of the sixth part of aspect 256SE, the authentication data and / or the input authentication data are configured to be related to the patient's pulse rate. According to an embodiment of the sixth part of aspect 256SE, the authentication data and / or the input authentication data are configured to relate to the patient's respiratory rate. According to an embodiment of the sixth part of aspect 256SE, the authentication data and / or the input authentication data are configured to be related to a body temperature of the patient. According to an embodiment of the sixth part of aspect 256SE, the authentication data is configured to be associated with at least one sound of the patient. According to an embodiment of the sixth part of aspect 256SE, the authentication data and / or the input authentication data are configured to be related to at least one physical movement of the patient. According to an embodiment of the sixth part of aspect 256SE, the authentication data and / or the input authentication data comprises a timestamp, and comparing the authentication data measured at the implant with the input authentication data measured at the external device comprises comparing a timestamp of the measurement parameter by the implant with a timestamp of the measurement parameter received from the external device. According to an embodiment of the sixth part of aspect 256SE, the implant comprises a clock configured to synchronize with a clock of the external device. According to an embodiment of a sixth part of aspect 256SE, the implant comprises an internal computing unit configured to calculate a difference value between authentication data measured by the implant and input authentication data measured by the external device, the internal computing unit being further configured to authenticate the connection if the difference value is less than a predetermined threshold difference value and not authenticate the conn...

Claims

1. 1. An implantable medical device configured to receive remote instructions from an external system, comprising: a wireless receiver configured to receive data packets wirelessly transmitted from the external system; a computing unit configured to verify a digital signature and to verify the integrity of the instructions using a checksum included in the data packet; 1. An implantable medical device comprising:

2. the computing unit is configured to decode the data packets; The implantable medical device of claim 1 .

3. the computing unit is configured to use the checksum to verify that the bitstream constituting the instructions has not been altered. The implantable medical device of claim 1 .

4. the radio receiver is part of a radio transceiver; The implantable medical device of claim 1 .

5. the computing unit comprises a memory configured to store an electronic signature and is configured to compare and verify the electronic signature with the electronic signature stored in the memory; The implantable medical device of claim 1 .

6. a control program configured to control at least one function of the implantable medical device; the computing unit is configured to modify a control program based on the received instructions. The implantable medical device of claim 1 .

7. an internal computing unit configured to execute a control program for controlling the functioning of the implantable medical device; the control program comprising at least one adjustable parameter affecting control of the implantable medical device; a method for providing remote instructions comprising providing instructions to modify at least one parameter to affect control of the implantable medical device; The implantable medical device of claim 1 .

8. the computing unit comprises a memory unit configured to store parameter values; The method further comprises verifying that the instruction to modify the at least one parameter results in updating the at least one parameter to a parameter value included in the set of stored parameter values. The implantable medical device of claim 7.

9. a central unit including at least one of a radio receiver and a radio transceiver; a security module connected to the central unit, the implantable medical device is configured to forward the data packets from the central unit to the security module; the security module is configured to perform at least a portion of at least one of decryption and signature verification; The implantable medical device of claim 1 .

10. the security module comprises a set of rules for accepting communications from the central unit and is configured to verify compliance with the set of rules; The implantable medical device of claim 9.

11. the wireless receiver or the wireless transceiver is configured to be placed in an off mode in which wireless communication cannot be received by the wireless transceiver; the set of rules includes a rule providing that communications from the central unit are accepted at the security module only when the wireless transceiver is placed in an off mode; The implantable medical device of claim 10.

12. the implantable medical device is configured to at least one of decrypt the data packet and verify the electronic signature using a private key of the implantable medical device. The implantable medical device of claim 1 .

13. The private key is a non-extractable key. The implantable medical device of claim 10.

14. sending a query from the implantable medical device to the external system based on a public key associated with the private key of the external system; receiving, at the implantable medical device, a response based on possession of the private key at the external system; and verifying that the response based on possession of the private key matches the query based on a public key; configured to perform a proof of possession operation including: The implantable medical device of claim 10.

15. configured to communicate with the external system in a time-independent manner; The implantable medical device of claim 1 .

16. the private key is provided within the implantable medical device by a manufacturer of the implantable medical device; The implantable medical device of claim 1 .

17. the private key is stored in the implantable medical device as hardware or software; 17. The implantable medical device of claim 16.

18. Verifying a first digital signature created using at least one of the first key and the second key; and verifying a second digital signature created using at least one of the first key and the second key. The implantable medical device of claim 12.

19. At least one of the first key and the second key is a private key.

20. The implantable medical device of claim 18.

20. The first key and the second key are different.

20. The implantable medical device of claim 18.

21. the first key and the second key have at least one common element; 21. The implantable medical device of claim 20.

22. In the implantable medical device according to any one of claims 18 to 21, the implantable medical device is configured as follows: Verifying the first electronic signature to authorize communication from the external system to the implantable medical device; The second electronic signature is verified so that the instructions received in the communication can modify a control program running on the implantable medical device.

23. the first electronic signature is an electronic signature associated with a user of the implantable medical device and the second electronic signature is an electronic signature linked to a healthcare provider; 23. The implantable medical device of claim 22.

24. Only a portion of the private key is needed to decrypt the data packet and / or verify the digital signature; The implantable medical device according to any one of claims 12 to 23.

25. The implantable medical device trusts any external device that holds the private key; The implantable medical device according to any one of claims 12 to 23.

26. 11. An implantable medical device according to any one of the preceding claims, configured to receive a data packet including at least one instruction signed by a private key of an external system and a public key including information about which root created the public key, An implantable medical device according to any one of claims 1 to 25.

27. and configured to accept communications from an external system based on at least one password provided to the implantable medical device. An implantable medical device according to any one of claims 1 to 26.

28. and configured to accept communications from an external system based on two passwords provided to the implantable medical device.

28. The implantable medical device of claim 27.

29. and configured to accept communications from an external system based on a patient password and a healthcare provider password provided to the implantable medical device.

29. The implantable medical device of claim 28.

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