Closed-loop mechanical system with physiological feedback

Abstract

Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure include a mechanical CPR device having a physiological monitor for monitoring a physiological parameter of a patient during cardiopulmonary resuscitation ("CPR") on the patient, and adjustable settings for regulating chest compressions on the patient during CPR on the patient. During CPR on the patient, an exemplary CPR controller controls the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device based on maintaining monitoring of the patient's physiological parameter by the physiological monitor at a baseline physiological parameter level for the patient.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation ("CPR") devices for performing chest compressions during CPR, and more particularly to controlling mechanical CPR devices to achieve quality CPR. [Background technology]

[0002] Currently, chest compressions during CPR are typically performed (1) by a human responder with no feedback, (2) by a human responder with feedback regarding compression mechanics (e.g., depth, rate, rebound), and (3) by a mechanical CPR device with fixed settings and no feedback. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] These types of chest compression scenarios are less than ideal for achieving quality CPR and therefore the field of resuscitation is focused on improving the quality of CPR so that life is more likely to be saved. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] The present disclosure relates to a mechanical CPR device for delivering chest compressions during CPR that monitors physiological parameters of CPR quality and provides real-time feedback to the mechanical CPR device to adjust how CPR is delivered and maintain certain physiological parameters at levels set prior to CPR or adjusted during CPR.

[0005] An exemplary embodiment according to the present disclosure includes: (1) A CPR system including a mechanical CPR device having adjustable settings for regulating chest compressions to a patient during CPR; (2) a CPR controller for controlling adjustable settings of a mechanical CPR device for regulating chest compressions on a patient during CPR on the patient; and (3) A CPR method for adjusting chest compressions on a patient during CPR of the patient with a mechanical CPR device having adjustable settings. It can be embodied as:

[0006] Exemplary embodiments of various CPR systems of the present disclosure include a physiological monitor for monitoring a physiological parameter of a patient during CPR of the patient, and a mechanical CPR device having adjustable settings for adjusting chest compressions to the patient during CPR of the patient. Exemplary embodiments of various CPR systems of the present disclosure further include a CPR controller for controlling adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device based on maintaining monitoring of the patient's physiological parameter by the physiological sensor at a baseline physiological parameter level of the patient.

[0007] Various exemplary embodiments of the CPR controller of the present disclosure include a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium encoded with instructions for execution by one or more processors for controlling adjustable settings of a mechanical CPR device to regulate chest compressions to a patient during CPR for the patient. An exemplary non-transitory machine-readable storage medium includes instructions for (1) inputting monitoring of a physiological parameter of the patient during CPR for the patient, and (2) controlling adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device based on maintaining the monitoring of the patient's physiological parameter at a baseline physiological parameter level for the patient.

[0008] Various exemplary embodiments of a CPR method according to the present disclosure include (1) monitoring, by a physiological monitor, a physiological parameter of a patient during CPR on the patient, and (2) controlling, by a CPR controller, adjustable settings of a mechanical CPR device based on maintaining the physiological sensor's monitoring of the patient's physiological parameter at a baseline physiological parameter level for the patient.

[0009] The above-described exemplary embodiments and other embodiments of the present disclosure, as well as various features and advantages of the present disclosure, will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of various embodiments of the present disclosure, read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are merely illustrative of the present disclosure and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] The present disclosure is set forth in detail in the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the following drawings. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a CPR system according to the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a flow chart illustrating a CPR method according to the present disclosure. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the CPR controller of FIG. 1 according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] The present disclosure provides real-time closed-loop physiological feedback to control settings of a mechanical CPR device to improve the quality of CPR.

[0012] To facilitate understanding of the present disclosure, the following description of Figures 1 and 2 teaches exemplary embodiments of the CPR system and CPR method according to the present disclosure. From the description of Figures 1 and 2, a person skilled in the art of the present disclosure will understand how to apply the present disclosure to make and use further embodiments of the CPR system and CPR method according to the present disclosure.

[0013] With reference to FIG. 1, an exemplary CPR system 10 of the present disclosure uses a physiological monitor 20, a CPR controller 30, and a mechanical CPR device 40.

[0014] For purposes of describing and claiming this disclosure, the term "physiological monitor" broadly includes any monitor known in the art of this disclosure or hereafter devised for monitoring one or more physiological parameters (e.g., blood flow / rate), the term "controller" broadly includes any type of controller known in the art of this disclosure or hereafter devised for controlling the operation of other devices, and the term "mechanical CPR device" is a term of art for this disclosure.

[0015] Non-limiting examples of physiological monitors 20 include ultrasound CPR devices, pulse oximeters, end-tidal CO2 sensors, blood pressure sensors, near-infrared spectroscopy, photoplethysmography sensors, any type of vital signs sensor, and any combination of the above devices.

[0016] In practice, according to certain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the mechanical CPR device 20 has adjustable settings (e.g., adjustable compression depth, adjustable compression rate, and / or adjustable compression location) for regulating chest compressions to a patient during CPR on the patient, and the CPR controller 30 controls the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device 40 based on monitoring of the patient's physiological parameters by the physiological monitor to maintain the patient's baseline physiological parameter levels set prior to CPR or adjusted during CPR.

[0017] To this end, for example, the present disclosure functionally links physiological feedback to settings of the mechanical CPR device 40 according to the following exemplary equation [1]:

number

number

[0018] This exemplary model can be transformed into a second exemplary model according to the following exemplary equation [2]:

number

[0019] y i Note that should be limited by certain limits that prevent unnecessary damage to the patient, e.g., depth <= 8cm (which can vary from patient to patient).

[0020] Exemplary equation [2] translates to the next step setting for depth / position for mechanical CPR device 40 instructions.

[0021] This can be expressed as the exemplary equation [3]:

number

[0022] In practice, according to certain exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the predictive model described above is constructed in four phases. Exemplary phase 1 includes collection and curation of a training data set for model g, collected during normal use of mechanical CPR device 40 and physiological monitor 20 (without a closed-loop system) during CPR. Exemplary phase 2 includes training the regression of the model. Exemplary phase 3 includes use of the regression model to guide a closed-loop system for human CPR via clinical information. Exemplary phase 4 includes manual review and modification of the method based on data collected from the clinical information.

[0023] 2 shows an exemplary flowchart 100 illustrating a CPR method for adjusting chest compressions to a patient during CPR by a mechanical CPR device 40 with adjustable settings, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, prior to initiating CPR, a physiological monitor 20 is attached to the patient, a mechanical CPR device 40 is placed on the patient, and patient static information and baseline physiological parameter levels are entered into a CPR controller 30. Thereafter, a flowchart 100 is initiated for initiating CPR and maintaining the baseline physiological parameter levels set prior to CPR or adjusted during CPR.

[0024] 1 and 2, stage S102 of the exemplary flowchart 100 includes the physiological monitor 20 communicating the monitoring of the physiological parameter to the CPR controller 30, and stage S104 of the flowchart 100 includes a setting module 31 of the CPR controller 30 executing an exemplary formula [2] to determine a next step (interval) setting of the mechanical CPR device 40, and an instruction module 32 of the CPR controller 30 executing an exemplary formula [3] to determine a next step (interval) command to the mechanical CPR device 40, thereby adjusting the setting of the mechanical CPR device 40 as necessary to maintain a baseline physiological parameter level. More specifically, if the monitoring of the physiological parameter is equal to the baseline physiological parameter level, the next next step (interval) command to the mechanical CPR device 40 does not adjust the setting of the mechanical CPR device 40, and if the monitoring of the physiological parameter is close to the baseline physiological parameter level, the next next step (interval) command to the mechanical CPR device 40 adjusts the setting of the mechanical CPR device 40.

[0025] Exemplary stages S102 and S104 are executed in a loop until CPR is completed.

[0026] To facilitate a further understanding of the present disclosure, the following description of Fig. 3 teaches an exemplary embodiment of a CPR controller according to the present disclosure. From the description of Fig. 3, a person skilled in the art of the present disclosure will understand how to apply the present disclosure to make and use additional embodiments of a CPR controller according to the present disclosure.

[0027] Referring to FIG. 3, an exemplary embodiment of a CPR feedback controller 130 is shown that includes one or more processors 131, memory 132, a user interface 133, a network interface 134, and a storage device 135, interconnected via one or more system buses (ES) 136.

[0028] Each processor 131 may be any hardware device known in the art of the present disclosure or as envisioned below that is capable of executing instructions or processing data stored in memory 132 or a storage device. In non-limiting examples, processor 131 may include a microprocessor, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other similar device.

[0029] Memory 132 may include various memories known in the art or as contemplated below, including, but not limited to, an L1, L2, or L3 cache, or system memory. In non-limiting examples, memory 132 may include static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), or other similar memory devices.

[0030] The user interface 133 may include one or more devices as known in the art or as contemplated below for enabling communication with a user, such as an administrator. In non-limiting examples, the user interface may include a command line interface (CLI) or a graphical user interface (GUI) presented to a remote terminal via the network interface 134.

[0031] The network interface 134 may include one or more devices as known in the art of the present disclosure or as contemplated below to enable communication with other components of the medical device. In a non-limiting example, the network interface 134 may include a network interface card (NIC) configured to communicate according to an Ethernet protocol. Additionally, the network interface 134 may implement a TCP / IP stack to communicate according to a TCP / IP protocol. Various alternative or additional hardware or configurations for the network interface 134 will be apparent.

[0032] The storage device 135 may include one or more machine-readable storage media as known in the art of the present disclosure or as envisioned below, including, but not limited to, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk storage medium, an optical storage medium, a flash memory device, or a similar storage medium. In various non-limiting embodiments, the storage device 135 may store instructions for execution by the processor 131 or data on which the processor 131 operates. For example, the storage device 135 may store a basic operating system for controlling various basic operations of the hardware.

[0033] The storage device 135 may store application programs in the form of executable software / firmware for implementing various functions of the method of Figure 2, as described above in this disclosure. In one exemplary embodiment shown, the storage device 135 also stores an application program 137 that includes a configuration subprogram 138 and an instruction subprogram 139 for implementing an exemplary embodiment of stage S104 of the flowchart 100.

[0034] The present disclosure has been described with reference to the preferred embodiment. Modifications and alterations may occur to others upon reading and understanding the above detailed description. It is intended that the present invention be construed as including all such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims and the equivalents thereof.

[0035] Furthermore, given the teachings provided herein, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the features, elements, components, etc. disclosed and described in this disclosure / specification and / or shown in the accompanying drawings and / or recited in the claims can be implemented in various combinations of hardware and software to provide functionality that can be combined in a single element or multiple elements. For example, the functionality of the various features, elements, components, etc. shown / illustrated / depicted in the figures and / or recited in the claims can be provided through the use of dedicated hardware as well as hardware capable of executing software in association with appropriate software. When provided by a processor, the functionality can be provided by a single dedicated processor, a single shared processor, or multiple individual processors, some of which are shared and / or multiplexed. Furthermore, express use of the terms "processor" or "controller" should not be construed to refer solely to hardware capable of executing software, but can implicitly include, without limitation, digital signal processor ("DSP") hardware, memory for storing software (e.g., read only memory ("ROM"), random access memory ("RAM"), non-volatile storage, etc.), and substantially any means and / or machine (including hardware, software, firmware, combinations thereof, etc.) capable of (and / or configurable to) perform processing and / or control.

[0036] Moreover, all statements herein reciting principles, aspects, and exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, as well as specific examples thereof, are intended to encompass both structural and functional equivalents thereof. Moreover, such equivalents are intended to include both currently known equivalents and equivalents developed in the future (e.g., any elements developed that can perform the same or substantially similar functions, regardless of structure). Thus, for example, in light of the teachings provided herein, those skilled in the art will understand that any block diagrams presented herein may represent conceptual diagrams of components and / or circuitry of exemplary systems embodying the principles of the present invention. Similarly, in light of the teachings provided herein, those skilled in the art should understand that any flow charts, flow diagrams, and the like may be substantially represented on a computer-readable storage medium and may represent various processes performed by a computer, processor, or other device having processing capabilities, whether or not a computer or processor is explicitly shown.

[0037] While preferred and exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it should be noted that these embodiments are intended to be illustrative and not limiting, and modifications and variations may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings provided herein, including the accompanying drawings and claims. Thus, it should be understood that changes may be made to the preferred and exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure that are within the scope of the present disclosure and the exemplary embodiments disclosed, described and taught herein.

[0038] Additionally, corresponding and / or related systems implementing and / or performing the apparatus or as used / implemented in apparatus according to the present disclosure are also contemplated and considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure. Additionally, corresponding and / or related methods for making and / or using apparatus and / or systems according to the present disclosure are also contemplated and considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A cardiopulmonary resuscitation ("CPR") system, wherein the system is A physiological monitor configured to monitor the patient's physiological parameters during CPR, A mechanical CPR device having adjustable settings for adjusting chest compressions to the patient during CPR to the patient, The system has, A CPR controller configured to control the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device based on monitoring the patient's physiological parameters using the physiological monitor to maintain the patient's baseline physiological parameter levels. A CPR system characterized by further having the following.

2. The CPR system according to claim 1, wherein the CPR controller configured to control the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device includes a CPR controller configured to transmit mechanical commands to the mechanical CPR device, the mechanical commands providing information for at least one adjustment of compression depth, compression speed, and compression position performed by the mechanical CPR device.

3. A CPR controller configured to control the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device includes a CPR controller configured to intermittently transmit mechanical commands to the mechanical CPR device. Each mechanical command provides information on the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device for the next interval, derived from monitoring the patient's physiological parameters for the current interval by the physiological monitor. The CPR system according to claim 1.

4. A CPR controller configured to control the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device includes a CPR controller configured to implement a functional link between the monitoring of the patient's physiological parameters by the physiological monitor and the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device. The CPR system according to claim 1.

5. A CPR controller configured to control the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device is: The past adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device during the patient's CPR, Monitoring of the patient's past physiological parameters by the physiological monitor during the patient's CPR, Personalization of the baseline physiological parameter levels of the aforementioned patient, or Static information of the aforementioned patient The CPR system according to claim 1, wherein at least one function of .

6. A cardiopulmonary resuscitation ("CPR") controller, wherein the CPR controller is The device has a non-temporary machine-readable storage medium that encodes instructions to be executed by at least one processor for controlling adjustable settings of a mechanical CPR device for adjusting chest compressions to a patient during CPR to the patient, and the non-temporary machine-readable storage medium is The command includes inputting the monitoring of the patient's physiological parameters by a physiological monitor during the patient's CPR, The non-temporary machine-readable storage medium provides instructions for controlling the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device based on monitoring the patient's physiological parameters at the patient's baseline physiological parameter level. A CPR controller characterized by further including the following.

7. The CPR controller according to claim 6, wherein the commands for controlling the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device include commands for transmitting mechanical commands to the mechanical CPR device, the mechanical commands providing information for adjusting at least one of the compression depth, compression speed, and compression position performed by the mechanical CPR device.

8. The command that controls the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device is: The command includes instructions for intermittently transmitting mechanical commands to the mechanical CPR device, The CPR controller according to claim 6, wherein each mechanical command provides information on adjustable settings for the next section of the mechanical CPR device, derived from monitoring of the patient's current section of physiological parameters by the physiological monitor.

9. The command that controls the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device is: The CPR controller according to claim 6, comprising commands for performing a functional link between monitoring of the patient's physiological parameters by the physiological monitor and the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device.

10. The command that controls the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device is: The past adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device during the patient's CPR, Monitoring of the patient's past physiological parameters by the physiological monitor during the patient's CPR, Personalization of the baseline physiological parameter levels of the aforementioned patient, or Static information of the aforementioned patient The CPR controller according to claim 6, which is at least one function of

11. A cardiopulmonary resuscitation ("CPR") method for adjusting chest compressions to a patient during CPR using a mechanical CPR device having adjustable settings, wherein the CPR method is The steps include monitoring the patient's physiological parameters during CPR using physiological monitoring, The CPR method has, The CPR controller controls the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device based on maintaining the monitoring of the patient's physiological parameters by the physiological monitor at the patient's baseline physiological parameter level. A method characterized by further having the following.

12. The step of controlling the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device by the CPR controller is: The CPR method according to claim 11, comprising the step of transmitting a mechanical command to the mechanical CPR device by the CPR controller, wherein the mechanical command provides information for adjusting at least one of the compression depth, compression speed, and compression position to be performed by the mechanical CPR device.

13. The step of controlling the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device using the CPR controller is: The CPR method according to claim 11, comprising the step of intermittently transmitting mechanical commands to the mechanical CPR device by the CPR controller, each mechanical command providing information on adjustable settings for the next section of the mechanical CPR device derived from monitoring of the patient's physiological parameters for the current section by the physiological monitor.

14. The step of controlling the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device using the CPR controller is: The CPR controller performs a functional link between monitoring the patient's physiological parameters by the physiological monitor and the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device. The CPR method according to claim 11, including the following:

15. The step of controlling the adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device using the CPR controller is: The past adjustable settings of the mechanical CPR device during the patient's CPR, Monitoring of the patient's past physiological parameters by the physiological monitor during the patient's CPR, Personalization of the baseline physiological parameter levels of the aforementioned patient, or Static information of the aforementioned patient The CPR method according to claim 11, wherein at least one function of .

Images