Use of at least one drying vegetable oil as an antiviral agent

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for imparting antiviral properties to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate using at least one drying vegetable oil having an iodine value of at least 80 gI / 100 g.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of inks and varnishes, such as those known as oxidative drying inks and varnishes, especially inks and varnishes for printing. In particular, the present invention relates to the field of surface treatment of articles, especially substrates, such as printable substrates, especially articles in sheet form, and more particularly to treatments intended to impart antiviral properties to said articles. [Background technology]

[0002] In modern society, there is an ever-increasing number of objects or objects that are intended to be handled daily and frequently by many people, such as support materials for conveying information.

[0003] As non-limiting examples of these information bearing materials, mention may be made, inter alia, of payment instruments (e.g. bank notes, cheques or restaurant tickets), identification documents (e.g. ID cards, visas, passports or driver's licenses, lottery tickets, transport tickets, tax discs or tax stamps), playing cards, packaging, books, magazines, etc.

[0004] However, users of these objects may be carriers of pathogenic microorganisms, especially viruses, which may cause epidemic and pandemic diseases to various degrees, and thus may contaminate any support they come into contact with. If this support is subsequently intended to be handled by one or more other users, it in turn becomes an important means of transmitting microorganisms with respect to other people.

[0005] For example, as a medium of exchange in commercial transactions, banknotes are among the most widely handled information-bearing materials in the world and therefore may be potential vectors for the transmission of disease.

[0006] Many solutions exist, including inorganic or synthetic biocides, that can be used to treat substrates to provide antimicrobial protection, however, these manufactured biocidal compounds are often relatively toxic and expensive.

[0007] Thus, in an era when environmental and ecological considerations govern certain technological choices, especially with regard to recyclability, the development of technical solutions using environmentally friendly biocidal actives has become an important challenge, especially with regard to biocidal actives which, by their nature, are generally harmful to the environment and which are subject to significant restrictions, especially with regard to their release.

[0008] In addition, antimicrobial protection techniques are often of such a nature that they substantially alter the surface appearance of the material being protected, for example, techniques that apply an activator overcoat or use a copper-based metal coating substantially alter the initial thickness and / or color of the substrate.

[0009] It should also be noted that many of the techniques used for the implementation of antimicrobial protection are not compatible with mass production due to their complexity, which affects, among other things, production rates and / or costs, e.g., it is often necessary to implement additional compositional elements or method steps.

[0010] Moreover, for obvious reasons, it is an ongoing objective to optimize the antiviral properties offered by surface treatments on these support materials, in particular to provide a good broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, in particular a good antibacterial effect, whilst at the same time achieving a good antiviral effect. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0011] The present invention is particularly aimed at proposing a solution for overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks and at the same time imparting antiviral properties to the deposits formed on the surface of the substrate.

[0012] In particular, the present invention is directed to a solution for forming an antiviral deposit on the surface of a substrate by conventional printing techniques, especially conventional printing techniques of the offset type. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] The invention therefore proposes a method for imparting antiviral, and in particular virucidal, properties to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate, using at least one siccative vegetable oil having an iodine value of at least 80 gI / 100 g.

[0014] In particular, the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of a varnish or ink and is intended, inter alia, to form a coating covering all or part of the surface of the inert substrate or a pattern printed on the surface of the inert substrate.

[0015] Preferably, the drying vegetable oil is linseed oil, an oil derived from linseed oil, or a mixture thereof.

[0016] It is understood that the intended uses of the present invention are non-therapeutic.

[0017] Indeed, varnishes or inks containing linseed oil are known as environmentally friendly protective formulations, but to the best of the inventors' knowledge, it has never been proposed to use linseed oil for the purpose of imparting antiviral activity to deposits formed on the surface of inert substrates, in particular in oxidatively dried varnishes or inks intended to be printed via conventional printing processes, such as offset printing.

[0018] Contrary to expectations, the inventors have actually discovered that drying vegetable oils, particularly linseed oil, when forming deposits obtained after oxidative drying on the surface of a substrate, exhibit significant antiviral activity, in particular broad spectrum virucidal activity against naked and enveloped viruses.

[0019] In fact, as is evident from the examples given below, paper-type substrates coated with a deposit obtained from a composition comprising linseed oil as an emulsion in water exhibit excellent antiviral activity, both against naked viruses and against enveloped viruses.

[0020] Moreover, unlike solutions using synthetic biocides, the natural character and non-toxicity of the proposed solutions using desiccant vegetable oils or their derivatives as antiviral agents does not destroy the recyclability of the treated materials. Moreover, desiccant vegetable oils are edible products and their use according to the invention makes it possible to produce coatings suitable for contact with food in certain configurations.

[0021] The solution proposed in the present invention also has economic advantages associated with a cheap active principle, i.e. drying vegetable oil, and the possibility of forming thin deposits by application processes, such as printing, in particular offset, gravure, screen or flexographic printing, preferably offset printing. In particular, the use of varnishes or inks that can be applied by printing, in particular offset, gravure, screen or flexographic printing, preferably offset printing, makes this solution suitable for mass production.

[0022] For purposes of the present invention, the term "antiviral" refers to the ability of a compound, deposit, coating, or object (eg, a substrate) to inhibit the growth of a virus or to kill a virus.

[0023] The antiviral properties provided by the drying vegetable oils used according to the invention are more particularly tailored to inhibit and / or kill viruses that are pathogenic to mammals, more particularly to humans.

[0024] Such viruses may be non-enveloped, known as "naked" viruses, consisting of a genome, DNA or RNA, and a capsid of viral proteins, or may be known as "enveloped" viruses, which additionally have an envelope consisting of a double lipid layer in which the viral proteins are embedded.

[0025] Representative of viruses that are pathogenic for humans and that may be considered according to the invention are, more particularly, retroviruses, cytomegaloviruses, rotaviruses, paramyxoviruses, polioviruses, hantaviruses, coxsackie viruses, encephalomyocarditis viruses, picornaviruses (including rhinoviruses), and DNA or RNA viruses, in particular flaviviridae, AIDS viruses, influenza viruses, in particular H1N1, adenoviruses, coronaviruses, in particular the human-infecting coronaviruses Hcov-229E, Hcov-OC43, SARS-COV-2, smallpox viruses, and ... Mention may be made of the following viruses: yellow fever virus, hepatitis C virus, Ebola viruses, herpes viruses, Epstein-Barr virus, varicella-zoster virus and rubella virus, as well as simian virus 40 or SV40.

[0026] For purposes of the present invention, the term "virucidal" refers to the ability of a compound, deposit, coating, or object (eg, a substrate) to kill viruses, especially those viruses as described above.

[0027] According to one particular embodiment, the invention relates to a method for imparting antiviral properties against enveloped viruses, in particular those of the human coronavirus family, to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate, using at least one drying vegetable oil having an iodine value of at least 80 gI / 100 g.

[0028] In particular, the enveloped viruses may be airborne enveloped viruses, which may in particular be coronaviruses, in particular, for example, coronaviruses Hcov-229E, Hcov-OC43 or SARS-COV-2, or influenza viruses, in particular, for example, influenza A virus, influenza B virus, influenza C virus or influenza D virus.

[0029] In particular, said enveloped viruses are RNA viruses, more particularly single-stranded RNA viruses, especially positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses.

[0030] According to another particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for imparting antiviral properties against naked viruses, in particular those of the Adenoviridae family, to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate, using at least one drying vegetable oil having an iodine value of at least 80 gI / 100 g.

[0031] In particular, the naked viruses may be those that cause gastroenteritis. These viruses may be rotaviruses, noroviruses, caliciviruses, adenoviruses or astroviruses.

[0032] Alternatively, the naked virus can be a DNA virus, especially a double-stranded DNA virus.

[0033] Advantageously, the desiccant vegetable oil according to the invention is capable of providing deposits formed on the surface of an inert substrate with antiviral properties against naked viruses, in particular those causing gastroenteritis, naked viruses against enveloped viruses, in particular those against airborne viruses. These viruses may be naked and enveloped viruses as mentioned above. In particular, the desiccant vegetable oil according to the invention is capable of providing antiviral properties against naked viruses of the Adenoviridae family and against enveloped viruses of the Coronaviridae family infecting humans.

[0034] Other characteristics, variants and advantages of the use according to the invention and its implementation for the surface treatment of articles, in particular substrates, will appear more clearly on reading the following description and examples, given as non-limiting illustrations of the invention.

[0035] In the remainder of this text, the expressions "... to...", "a range of... to..." and "a change of... to..." are intended to be equivalent and inclusive of limitations, unless otherwise noted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0036] As indicated above, the present invention uses at least one drying vegetable oil to impart particularly advantageous antiviral properties, in particular the drying vegetable oil making it possible to form a deposit of antiviral properties on the surface of an inert substrate by oxidative drying.

[0037] Siccative plant oil

[0038] For the purposes of the present invention, the term "vegetable" compound means a compound or extract of natural origin obtained from a plant, where appropriate, via one or more physical and / or chemical processes, such as grinding, refining, distilling, purifying, filtering or cooking.

[0039] The term "naturally occurring" compound refers to any compound that is already present in nature or that may be synthesized from a naturally occurring compound.

[0040] For purposes of the present invention, the term "siccative oil" is intended to denote an oil that, when spread in a thin layer and then exposed to air, becomes a solid film or layer.

[0041] The drying vegetable oils used in this application are selected from vegetable oils rich in unsaturated fatty acids, in particular monounsaturated and / or polyunsaturated, or their esters, such as triglycerides. The term "unsaturated" fatty acid means that the fatty acid contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond. "Monounsaturated" fatty acids contain a single carbon-carbon double bond. "Polyunsaturated" fatty acids contain at least two carbon-carbon double bonds.

[0042] In particular, the drying vegetable oil comprises unsaturated fatty acids, their esters and mixtures thereof, preferably at least 65% by weight, preferably at least 75% by weight, or even at least 85% by weight, of fatty acids selected from oleic acid, linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid, their esters and mixtures thereof, in particular fatty acids selected from oleic acid, linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid and mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the drying vegetable oil.

[0043] The drying property of oil is characterized by iodine value.The iodine value represents the amount of iodine that can be bound to the unsaturated fatty acid contained in vegetable oil, and is expressed in grams of iodine per 100g of vegetable oil.Therefore, the higher the iodine value, the more drying the oil is.For example, the iodine value of saturated fatty acid is zero.The iodine value can be determined by titration according to the NF EN ISO 3961 standard.

[0044] The drying vegetable oil used in the present application has an iodine value of at least 80 gI / 100 g. In particular, the drying vegetable oil has an iodine value of at least 100 gI / 100 g, preferably at least 150 gI / 100 g.

[0045] Advantageously, the drying vegetable oils are linseed oil, Chinese wood oil (also known as Tung oil or Canton oil), oiticica oil, vernonia oil, poppy seed oil, pomegranate oil, calendula oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, hemp oil, soybean oil, castor oil, lavender oil and peppermint oil; oils derived therefrom, such as esters of these vegetable oils, alkyd resins obtained from these vegetable oils. resins), and combinations thereof, and in particular may be selected from linseed oil, China wood oil, oiticica oil, vernonia oil, poppy seed oil, pomegranate oil, calendula oil, sunflower oil, hemp oil and soybean oil.

[0046] Alkyd resins are polyesters containing hydrocarbon-based chains of fatty acids, in particular polyesters obtained by polymerization of polyols and polyacids or their corresponding anhydrides in the presence of fatty acids, which are present in the majority of natural oils, especially those mentioned above, in particular in the form of triglycerides.

[0047] The term "derived oil" means a vegetable oil that has been modified by a chemical reaction.

[0048] In particular, the drying vegetable oils may be refined and / or partially polymerized. In this respect, mention may be made of blown oils, stand oils, maleinized oils, epoxidized oils or cooked oils.

[0049] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the vegetable drying oil according to the invention is linseed oil, an oil derived from linseed oil, or a mixture thereof, preferably linseed oil. Linseed oil generally has an iodine value of 170 to 204 gI / 100 g.

[0050] Linseed oil may be raw or processed. Preferably, the drying vegetable oil used in the applications according to the present invention may be raw linseed oil, refined linseed oil, or refined and crystallized by cooling (called "winterized") linseed oil.

[0051] The term "cooked linseed oil" means raw linseed oil that has been heated to high temperatures, particularly above 280°C, and then at lower temperatures under controlled oxidation.

[0052] Such drying vegetable oils are commercially available: mention may be made, for example, of the linseed oil sold under the names "Crude LO", "Refined LO", "Refined LO winterized" or "Pale refined LO" by the company Alberdingk Boley.

[0053] The drying vegetable oil can be used in pure form, in the form of an emulsion or in the form of a solution. In particular, the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of an emulsion, especially an oil-in-water emulsion, or in the form of a solution in a solvent. As a suitable solvent for forming a vegetable oil solution, turpentine oil can be mentioned.

[0054] Preferably, the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of an emulsion, especially an oil-in-water type, or in the form of a dispersion, especially an aqueous dispersion.

[0055] According to a particular embodiment, the drying vegetable oil may be used as an emulsion, especially an aqueous emulsion, or a dispersion, especially an aqueous dispersion, which may comprise at least one polymeric binder, especially at least one polymeric binder chosen from acrylic, polyurethane, styrene-acrylic binders, copolymers thereof and mixtures thereof.

[0056] Alternatively, the drying vegetable oil may be used in a wax.

[0057] In particular, the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of a formulation, such as a varnish, ink or lacquer, preferably a varnish or ink, having a viscosity adapted for its application by printing to an inert substrate, in particular a viscosity in the range of 30 mPa.s to 40 Pa.s, preferably 50 mPa.s to 25 Pa.s. It may be used in the form of a formulation which comprises 0.5% to 75% by weight, preferably 1.5% to 70% by weight, more preferably 30% to 70% by weight, even more preferably 40% to 70% by weight of the drying vegetable oil considered according to the invention, in particular linseed oil, relative to the total weight of the formulation.

[0058] Preferably, the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of a varnish or ink, in particular an oxidative drying varnish or ink. In particular, the drying vegetable oil is the main component of the varnish or ink. Firstly, it ensures the oxidative drying function of the ink or varnish, and secondly, without the use of added synthetic biocides, it provides an associated antiviral function, in particular a virucidal function.

[0059] Preferably, the drying vegetable oils are used in the form of UV-radical or UV-cationically crosslinked varnishes, the crosslinking being initiated when the varnish or ink is applied to the surface of the substrate to be treated, to produce the expected varnish film or print deposit.

[0060] Advantageously, the drying vegetable oil has, in addition to antiviral activity, antimicrobial activity, in particular antibacterial activity and / or antifungal activity.

[0061] In particular, the varnish or ink can be applied at a low deposition rate, i.e., it enables the formation of deposits of small thickness and / or small surface area. Advantageously, it preserves the appearance of the surface of the substrate, i.e., the appearance of the surface is hardly changed by the application of the varnish or ink. According to an advantageous embodiment, the varnish or ink may be applied by a printing process, in particular offset printing, gravure printing, screen printing or flexographic printing, preferably by offset printing.

[0062] The varnish is a varnish before or after printing, in particular an overprinting varnish, in particular an oxidative drying varnish. In particular, the varnish has a viscosity in the range of 30 mPa·s to 40 Pa·s, preferably 50 mPa·s to 25 Pa·s.

[0063] The varnish may contain from 0.5% to 75% by weight, preferably from 1.5% to 70% by weight, of the drying vegetable oil contemplated according to the present invention, in particular linseed oil, based on the total weight of the varnish. For example, it may be a varnish containing at least 1% of free linseed oil, the free linseed oil content being determined by transesterification, and having a dynamic viscosity at 40 °C of 0.3 to 3.15 Pa·s at a shear rate of 9 to 9320 -1 s, and the viscosity is measured using a Haake dynamic viscometer. The term "free linseed oil" is intended to mean unpolymerized linseed oil.

[0064] The ink may be a printing ink, in particular an oxidation-drying printing ink. In particular, the ink has a viscosity of 30 mPa·s to 40 Pa·s, preferably 50 mPa·s to 25 Pa·s. The ink may contain, based on the total weight of the ink, 0.5% to 75% by weight, preferably 1.5% to 70% by weight, more preferably 30% to 70% by weight, even more preferably 40% to 70% by weight, of the drying vegetable oil contemplated according to the present invention, in particular linseed oil.

[0065] The drying vegetable oil may be used in combination with at least one adjuvant, in particular at least one auxiliary biocide, surfactant and siccative agents, in particular in combination with at least one auxiliary biocide, especially at least one auxiliary antiviral agent. The term "adjuvant" is intended to denote a compound different from the drying vegetable oil used according to the present invention. The drying vegetable oil may also be used in combination with one or more additional compounds, especially with regard to its mode of application and its intended purpose.

[0066] The drying vegetable oil may be used, for example, in combination with at least one security element, in particular a marker or tracer, for the purpose of authenticating and / or identifying the composition containing the drying vegetable oil and / or the deposit formed. The marker or tracer may be in the form of active elements, particles or fibres, which are capable of generating a specific signal when subjected to optical, electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic excitation, or thermal or chemical stimuli.

[0067] Among the auxiliary biocides, mention may be made of bacteriostatic agents, bactericidal agents, fungistatic agents, fungicidal agents, yeasticidal agents and virucidal agents, which are different from the drying vegetable oil contemplated according to the present invention.

[0068] Moreover, it goes without saying that these agents are selected because they are harmless to humans under the conditions of use according to the invention.

[0069] This or these auxiliary biocides may be selected, inter alia, from p-[(diiodomethyl)sulfonyl]toluene, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate, methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate, quaternary ammonium-based compounds, in particular didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), monolaurin, isothiazolone or isothiazolone derivatives, chitosan or chitin derivatives, zinc zeolites, silver ions, in particular silver chloride, silver in supported microparticle form and triclosan-based compounds, and mixtures thereof.

[0070] According to a variant, the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least one bacteriostatic and / or bactericidal agent chosen from compounds based on chitosan or chitin derivatives, compounds based on zinc zeolites, compounds based on silver ions, compounds based on silver in supported microparticle form, and compounds based on triclosan, and mixtures thereof.

[0071] According to a variant, the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least one fungistatic and / or fungicidal agent chosen from compounds based on isothiazolone or isothiazolone derivatives, compounds based on chitosan or chitin derivatives, compounds based on zinc zeolites, compounds based on silver ions, compounds based on silver in supported microparticle form, and compounds based on triclosan.

[0072] According to a variant, the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least one fungistatic and / or fungicidal agent based on p-[(diiodomethyl)sulfonyl]toluene.

[0073] According to a variant, the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least one fungistatic and / or fungicidal agent based on methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate.

[0074] According to a variant, the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC).

[0075] According to another variant, the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least one supplementary antiviral agent, especially a virucide, in particular a naturally occurring virucide.

[0076] Thus, antiviral drugs of natural origin (virucides) that may be used in the context of the present invention may be obtained either by extraction and purification from natural media containing them, or by synthesis from natural compounds.

[0077] As an example of such an antiviral drug, mention may especially be made of monolaurin, which may be obtained synthetically from glycerol and lauric acid.

[0078] For purposes of the present invention, the term "monolaurin" is intended to denote both naturally occurring monolaurin and monolaurin synthetically obtained from glycerol and lauric acid.

[0079] According to one embodiment, the naturally occurring antiviral agent (virucide) may be selected from, inter alia, monolaurin, lactoferrin, and essential oils having antiviral activity, such as laurel essential oil.

[0080] Preferably, the drying vegetable oil is used in a varnish or ink comprising less than 1% by weight, in particular less than 0.5% by weight, more in particular less than 0.1% by weight, of a supplementary antiviral agent, in particular an antiviral drug, or in a varnish or ink comprising no supplementary antiviral agent, in particular an antiviral drug.

[0081] In particular, the drying vegetable oil is used in a varnish or ink which contains less than 1% by weight, in particular less than 0.5% by weight, more in particular less than 0.1% by weight, of a supplementary biocide, or which may even be free of a supplementary biocide.

[0082] The surfactant may be selected from nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and zwitterionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof, and preferably from nonionic surfactants.As examples of nonionic surfactants, mention may be made of fatty acid esters of sugars, fatty alcohol ethers of sugars, oxyalkylenated glycerin ethers, oxyalkylenated alcohols, fatty acid esters of polyethylene glycols, oxyalkylenated fatty acid esters of glycerin ethers, fatty acid esters of sorbitol (which are, inter alia, oxyalkylenated silicone surfactants), copolymers of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide, and mixtures thereof.Preferably, the surfactant is an ethoxylated surfactant, such as beheneth-10.

[0083] One or more of the surfactants may be used in a weight ratio of surfactant / drying vegetable oil in the range of 0.001 to 1, particularly 0.01 to 0.15, more particularly 0.05 to 0.1.

[0084] The term "siccative agent" means a compound that makes it possible to increase the drying power of a siccative oil, i.e. it makes it possible to catalyze the drying of the siccative oil when it is exposed to air.

[0085] In particular, the siccative may be selected from metal salts, especially metal salts of cobalt, zirconium, zinc, manganese, such as metal salts of 2-ethylhexanoic acid, and mixtures thereof.

[0086] The one or more siccatives may be used in a weight ratio of one or more siccatives / drying vegetable oil of 0.001 to 1, in particular 0.005 to 0.15.

[0087] inert substrate

[0088] The drying vegetable oils used according to the invention are intended to form an antiviral deposit on the surface of the inert substrate, and in particular to provide antiviral properties to the inert substrate.

[0089] The term "inert substrate" as used herein means a substrate made of one or more inert, ie, non-living, materials.

[0090] The inert substrate may be a porous substrate, especially a fibrous substrate.

[0091] The inert substrate may be selected from paper or cardboard type substrates, leather, wood, woven or non-woven fabrics.

[0092] In particular, the inert substrate is different from wood, especially raw wood, chipboard or plywood. For example, the inert substrate is different from raw wood or plywood, especially raw wood.

[0093] Preferably, the inert substrate is a printable substrate, ie a substrate intended for forming patterns and / or characters on its surface by printing.

[0094] Preferably, the inert substrates considered according to the present invention are paper or cardboard type substrates.

[0095] The inert substrate may be formed from fibers, which may be natural, man-made and / or synthetic. The inert substrate may also include mineral fillers.

[0096] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fibers used in the substrate composition include natural fibers.

[0097] Among the natural fibres, mention may be made of cellulosic fibres, such as wood fibres, e.g. hardwood fibres, softwood fibres or mixtures thereof, cotton fibres, bamboo fibres, straw fibres, abaca fibres, aspelt fibres, hemp fibres, jute fibres, linen fibres, sisal fibres and mixtures thereof.

[0098] The paper pulp used to form the paper or board may be either bleached, semi-bleached or unbleached and may be generally referred to as bleached fibers, semi-bleached fibers or unbleached fibers, respectively.

[0099] Preferably, the fibers used in the substrate composition comprise cellulosic fibers, in particular wood or annual plant fibers, synthetic fibers, and / or mineral fibers. According to a particular embodiment, the inert substrate is at least partially or predominantly formed of cellulosic fibers.

[0100] In particular, the cellulosic fibres are a mixture of cotton fibres and wood fibres.

[0101] According to a particular variant, this substrate is at least partially or substantially formed from recycled fibres, for example those obtained from the pulping of waste paper.

[0102] According to another embodiment of the invention, the fibers used in the composition of the substrate may comprise synthetic fibers, the presence of which in the substrate according to the invention is mixed with cellulosic fibers, making it possible to improve the tear strength properties of the substrate.

[0103] In addition to these fibers, the porous substrate, and more particularly the fibrous substrate, may of course contain other ingredients usually considered in the paper or cardboard industry, in particular humectants, such as polyol-type compounds, for example glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, butylene glycol, glyceryl triacetate or sorbitol; fillers, in particular mineral fillers, such as colloidal silica, sodium silicate, sodium aluminosilicate, natural or precipitated calcium carbonate, talc, natural or calcined kaolin, alumina hydrate, titanium dioxide, aluminum silicate, barium sulfate, and mixtures thereof, or organic fillers, for example plastic fillers or pigments; and anionic or cationic bulk binders, for example anionic or cationic bulk binders for developing part of the hydrophobicity of the finished substrate.

[0104] In particular, the inert substrate is selected from sheet substrates for packaging or for the manufacture of information bearing materials intended to be frequently handled by a large number of people and therefore likely to carry pathogenic microorganisms, especially viral microorganisms.

[0105] In particular, the inert substrate may be one intended for the manufacture of an information-bearing material, such as a fibrous substrate, intended for the manufacture of security documents. As examples of such security documents, mention may be made of banknotes, which are handled at least several hundred times during their life in circulation.

[0106] According to one embodiment, the inert substrate is specialized for forming a security sheet incorporating at least one security element enabling authentication of the sheet. In particular, the security element is selected from visual devices, especially optically variable devices known as OVDs, holograms, lenticular devices, interferential effect elements, especially iridescent elements, liquid crystals, magnetically orientable effect pigments, and interferential multilayer structures. These optically variable devices can be present on security threads embedded in the fibrous substrate, or on strips or patches affixed or printed on the fibrous substrate. As another visual security element, a watermark created during the manufacturing process of the fibrous substrate can also be mentioned. In particular, the security element is selected from "luminescent" elements that can be revealed under UV light or IR light, where these luminescent elements are, in some cases, particles, fibrettes, planchettes, security threads at least partially incorporated into the fibrous substrate, or strips or patches affixed or printed on the fibrous substrate. In particular, the security element is selected from elements that can be automatically detected optically or magnetically, among others, where these detectable elements are generally referred to as markers or taggants and are incorporated into the fibrous substrate or into visual or luminescent security elements. The security sheet may also comprise a radio frequency identification device known as RFID, which provides an identification and tracking function for the security sheet.

[0107] According to one embodiment, the security sheet under consideration is a security document or forms part of a security document. Preferably, the security document under consideration is an official document, in particular an ID document, a passport, a residence permit or a visa.

[0108] According to another embodiment, the inert substrate may be specialized for forming a driver's license, an access card, a loyalty card, a copy card, a dining card, a playing card, a collector's card, a payment instrument, in particular a payment card, a bank note, a voucher or a receipt, a ticket for access to a cultural or sporting event, a certificate of authenticity, a book or a magazine.

[0109] The inert substrate may also be cardboard specialized for forming packaging cartons, where the cardboard is in particular made from virgin fibers or preferably made at least partially or entirely from recycled fibers.

[0110] The inert substrate may also be a non-porous substrate, in particular selected from metal materials, ceramics, glass, plastic materials and paper / plastic hybrid substrates with the plastic part on the outside. In the case of plastic materials, this is for example a printable plastic laminate, a packaging and / or protective film, a security foil, a laminate or a security element, or a polymer note.

[0111] According to a particular embodiment, the inert substrate, in particular porous or non-porous, is suitable for the production of information-bearing materials, such as security documents, preferably banknotes.

[0112] In particular, the inert substrate, especially the porous or non-porous inert substrate, is specialized to form a security sheet incorporating at least one security element as described above, allowing authentication of the sheet or a radio frequency identification device. In particular, the security sheet is part of or forms part of a security document. The security document may be an official document, especially an identity card, a passport, a residence permit or a visa. The inert substrate may be specialized to form a driver's license, an access card, a loyalty card, a copy card, a canteen card, a playing card, a collector's card, a payment instrument, especially a payment card, a bank note, a voucher or a receipt, a ticket for access to a cultural or sporting event, a certificate of authenticity, a book or a magazine.

[0113] sediment

[0114] In the use according to the invention, the drying vegetable oil is used to impart antiviral properties to the deposits formed on the surface of an inert substrate.

[0115] This deposit can be obtained by applying at least one drying vegetable oil according to the invention onto the surface of the inert substrate to be treated.

[0116] Preferably, the deposit is formed by oxidative drying.

[0117] The oxidative drying process causes the drying vegetable oil deposited on the inert substrate to solidify, particularly by polymerizing in the presence of oxygen.

[0118] The oxidative drying may be carried out under an oxygen atmosphere, in particular under an oxygen atmosphere containing more than 10% by volume, such as more than 20% by volume, of oxygen. For example, the oxidative drying may be carried out in the presence of air.

[0119] The oxidative drying may be carried out at a temperature above 50°C, for example in the range of 100°C to 200°C.

[0120] In particular, the deposit may be formed by contacting at least all or part of one of the outer surfaces of the inert substrate with at least one drying vegetable oil as contemplated in the present invention, followed by oxidative drying. Thus, a support may be obtained that comprises an inert substrate and a deposit on the surface of the inert substrate.

[0121] The formation of the deposit may be carried out according to various methods of application of the drying vegetable oil.

[0122] According to one embodiment, the inert substrate is immersed in a solution or emulsion comprising at least one drying vegetable oil considered according to the invention.

[0123] According to another embodiment, a solution or emulsion containing at least a drying vegetable oil considered according to the invention is sprayed onto the surface of at least one side of the inert substrate.

[0124] According to another embodiment, the coating of at least one outer surface of the inert substrate is carried out with a coating solution containing at least one drying vegetable oil considered according to the invention. The coating or coating can be carried out by an air knife system, by curtain coating, by a pencil, by a knife or by a doctor blade system, by a roller, in particular a premetered roller, an engraved roller or a transfer roller, by a size press, by an impregnator or by a film transfer press (film press).

[0125] According to another embodiment, the process is carried out by surface treating at least one of the outer surfaces of the inert substrate with a surface treatment bath containing at least one drying vegetable oil considered according to the invention.

[0126] According to another embodiment, the inert substrate is previously coated and / or surface treated and then printed partially or completely on said surface with an ink comprising at least one drying vegetable oil as considered according to the invention.

[0127] According to another embodiment, an overprint varnish comprising at least one drying vegetable oil considered according to the invention is applied, in particular to at least one of the outer surfaces of the previously coated and / or surface-treated and printed inert substrate. This can be done by printing, in particular by offset printing, by flexographic printing, by gravure printing or by screen printing, or by spraying. Preferably, it is applied by printing, more preferably by offset printing.

[0128] These embodiments are particularly advantageous in that their implementation is compatible with, i.e. can be carried out simultaneously with, conventional processes for producing inert supports, such as porous supports, especially fibrous supports, especially paper-type fibrous supports.

[0129] They therefore advantageously do not require any additional steps beyond those necessary for the manufacture of the support.

[0130] Needless to say, these various methods for contacting the drying vegetable oil with one or more outer surfaces of the inert substrate to be treated may be combined where appropriate, provided that the combination is compatible with the development of the desired antiviral activity on the inert substrate.

[0131] In particular, the drying vegetable oil is contacted with the inert substrate by sizing, surface treatment or impregnation.

[0132] According to a preferred embodiment, the deposit is formed by printing, by sizing, by surface treatment or by spraying, in particular by printing, especially by offset printing, by flexographic printing, by gravure printing or by screen printing type printing, preferably by offset printing.

[0133] The deposit may be located on the surface of the substrate and / or in a superficial part of the thickness of the substrate, in particular the deposit is arranged at least on the outer surface of the substrate or only on the surface of the substrate, in other words without penetrating the thickness of the substrate.

[0134] Preferably, the deposit is a coating that covers all or part of the surface of the inert substrate. In particular, the deposit is a coating that covers the entire surface of the inert substrate. The coating can be placed on the surface of a printed inert substrate, in particular to protect the pattern and / or the printed characters, or between the inert substrate and the printing surface, in particular as the printing surface.

[0135] Preferably, the targeted deposition areas for the varnish according to the present invention are dedicated areas exposed to direct contact with the handler of the substrates treated according to the present invention, thereby ensuring increased safety for the handler.

[0136] The deposit may also in particular be a print covering only a part of the surface of the inert substrate, for example a print in the form of a pattern or letters, where the covered part is preferably the part intended to be handled and / or touched.

[0137] In particular, the deposit obtained after drying consists of at least 40% by weight, in particular at least 60% by weight, more in particular at least 75% by weight, or even at least 90% by weight, relative to the weight of the deposit, of a drying vegetable oil considered according to the invention, a derivative thereof, in particular one obtained after oxidative drying, or a mixture thereof.

[0138] Preferably, the deposit obtained after drying consists of at least 40% by weight, in particular at least 60% by weight, more in particular at least 75% by weight, or even at least 90% by weight, of linseed oil, derivatives thereof, especially those obtained after oxidative drying, or mixtures thereof, relative to the weight of the deposit.

[0139] The deposit may also comprise at least one auxiliary agent as described above, in particular at least one auxiliary biocide, at least one surfactant and / or at least one citric acid agent. In particular, the deposit comprises less than 5% by weight of the deposit, in particular less than 1%, for example less than 0.5%, or even no auxiliary biocide. Preferably, the deposit comprises less than 5% by weight of the deposit, in particular less than 1%, for example less than 0.5%, of auxiliary antiviral agent, in particular auxiliary viricide, or no auxiliary antiviral agent, or no auxiliary viricide.

[0140] The antiviral properties of the deposit formed on the surface of the inert substrate, in particular the antiviral properties detailed above, may be evaluated according to standard methods, for example according to standard ASTM E 1053 or standard ISO 21702, for the human coronaviruses Hcov-OC43 and Hcov-229E (enveloped viruses representative of the coronavirus family to which SARS-COV2 belongs) or for adenovirus 10 (naked virus causing respiratory syndrome and possibly gastroenteritis), as described in the examples below.

[0141] By using according to the invention, it is possible to achieve particularly good antiviral activity, especially a reduction of more than 99.9990% of the viral load in 5 hours. Advantageously, the deposit formed on the surface of the inert substrate also has suitable mechanical properties to protect the substrate from mechanical damage. It may be transparent and / or glossy and / or colored. In particular, it forms a protective layer on the substrate surface against the environment. Thus, the presence of drying vegetable oil gives the deposit, in addition to its main functionality of durability, an additional function of protection against microbial risks.

[0142] In a preferred embodiment, the inert substrate on which the deposit is formed is a paper fibrous substrate for banknotes or security documents, or wrapping paper, or copy paper, or a cardboard substrate for the manufacture of packaging cartons, especially specialized cartons for the manufacture of packaging cartons, in particular flat or corrugated packaging cartons. In particular, the use according to the invention is directed to the formation of printed substrates.

[0143] According to a preferred embodiment, the inert substrate is paper and the drying vegetable oil, in particular linseed oil, is used in an amount of at least 0.5% by weight, preferably at least 1% by weight, more preferably at least 1.5% by weight, or even between 1.5% and 2.5% by weight of drying vegetable oil, especially linseed oil, relative to the weight of the paper.

[0144] According to another preferred embodiment, the inert substrate is cardboard and the drying vegetable oil, in particular linseed oil, is used in an amount of at least 0.5% by weight, preferably at least 1% by weight, more preferably at least 1.5% by weight, or even between 1.5% by weight and 2.5% by weight, of the drying vegetable oil, in particular linseed oil, considered according to the invention, relative to the weight of the cardboard.

[0145] Purpose

[0146] The use according to the invention can be carried out, inter alia, for preparing cover papers (kraft liner or test liner) and / or corrugated papers used in the composition of packaging cartons.

[0147] It can also be used to prepare security documents, especially bank notes.

[0148] In particular, it can be used to prepare paper, nonwovens, textile materials, writing paper, coated paper, and copy paper.

[0149] The use according to the invention can especially be carried out for preparing polymer films for packaging or for delivery applications, and also plastic loyalty or payment cards.

[0150] Working Example

[0151] Materials and Methods

[0152] The following starting materials were used: - linseed oil sold by Sigma-Aldrich under the name Linseed oil, the iodine value is 170-204 gI / 100 g of linseed oil; - surfactants: Beheneth-10 sold by the company BASF under the name Eumulgin BA10; - a dispersion of styrene-acrylic copolymer at 46-48% dry weight sold by DSM Coating Resins BV under the name Neocryl A-2092; - an acrylic copolymer emulsion at 43-45% dry weight sold by DSM Coating Resins BV under the name Neocryl A-1127; - an acrylic copolymer dispersion at 43-45% dry weight sold by DSM Coating Resins BV under the name Recovery SP-6200XP; - cationic crosslinking UV varnish for paper support materials, with a dry extract of 90-100%, sold by the company Sicpa; - cationically crosslinkable UV varnish for polymeric substrates with a dry extract of 90-100%, sold by the company Sicpa; -UV crosslinkable varnish with 90-100% dry extract sold by SunChemical under the reference Sun Flexo UV gloss CTG.

[0153] In the following examples, unless otherwise stated, the weight percentages are expressed relative to the weight percentages of the commercial product.

[0154] 1. Testing for antiviral properties

[0155] Testing for antiviral activity against human coronavirus Hcov-OC43 (an enveloped virus representing the coronavirus family to which SARS-COV2 belongs) or Adenovirus 10 (a naked virus causing respiratory syndrome and possibly gastroenteritis) is based on the ASTM E 1053 standard. Testing for antiviral activity against coronavirus Hcov-229E is based on the ISO 21702 standard.

[0156] Cell culture infectivity assay

[0157] Human coronavirus Hcov-OC43 was propagated using the human ileal colon adenocarcinoma cell line HCT-8 (ATCC CCL-244) as a host and counted using Most Probable Number (MPN). Cells were cultured in cell culture flasks.

[0158] For enumeration, viruses were counted as infectious units according to the assay described in standard method 9510 (APHA, 2012, equivalent to EPA / 600 / R-95 / 178 and EPA / 600 / 4 / 84 / 013 updates).

[0159] Briefly, an aliquot of virus-containing sample was inoculated onto a freshly prepared monolayer of HCT8 cells (approximately 90% confluent). The cells were then incubated in dMEM (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium); 2% fetal calf serum (FBS, Mediatech, USA) at 35°C and 5% CO. 2 The flasks were incubated for 8-10 days. The cells were periodically observed under a microscope for signs of degeneration. Cells in the flasks showing signs of infectivity (cytopathic effects, CPE) were counted as positive (+) and those without CPE were counted as negative (-). The most probable number of infectious viruses in the samples was then calculated using MPNCALC software (version 0.0.0.23).

[0160] For experiments, frozen virus stocks (typically 1 x 10 8 The virus suspension was counted by 10-fold serial dilutions in PBS and then inoculated onto HCT8 cells as described above.

[0161] Evaluation of treated paper samples

[0162] The evaluation test was conducted based on ASTM protocol E 1053 ("Standard Practice to Assess Virucidal Activity of Chemicals Intended for Disinfection of Inanimate, Nonporous Environmental Surfaces").

[0163] Specifically, the test papers were cut into 25 mm squares, and three pieces of each treated test paper and two pieces of the reference paper were placed in a sterile petri dish with a diameter of 100 mm. 100 ml of virus suspension was evenly applied to the surface of each piece to be evaluated; 10 μL of inoculum was dropped. The sterile petri dishes were covered and incubated at 20-22°C for 5 hours in a biological safety cabinet. Then, each sample (three treated and two control paper pieces) was transferred to a sterile 50 ml conical-bottom centrifuge tube (Corning, USA) containing 10 ml of sterile D / E neutralizing broth.

[0164] The collected samples were placed on an orbital shaker and shaken at low speed for 15 minutes. Subsequently, 10-fold dilutions of the suspension were made in PBS. The number of viable (infectious) viral units in the samples was determined using the most probable number (MPN) method as previously described.

[0165] The percentage of "reduction in viral load", also known as the percentage of "antiviral activity", is defined as follows:

number

[0166] The reduction in viral load is expressed in log and is defined as follows:

number

[0167] The same protocol is followed for adenovirus 10 using a cell line corresponding to ATCC VR-1504 as host.

[0168] 2. Antibacterial testing

[0169] These are specifically evaluated using antibacterial controls according to the standard NF EN ISO 20743:2013-Textiles, determination of antibacterial activity of textile products, transfer method, with the representative of Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739) and the representative of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538). The bacteria are characterized over a 24-hour incubation. Prior to the test, the control samples were steam sterilized at 121°C for 20 minutes.

[0170] The growth value is defined as follows:

number

[0171] The percentage reduction in bacterial load is defined as follows:

number

[0172] 3. Tests for evaluating water intake

[0173] The purpose of this test is to measure the bath weight applied during the coating / surfacing process by weighing the paper before and after coating / surfacing, without drying. The weight is expressed as the weight per unit area (m 2 ) or as a weight percentage.

[0174] Example 1

[0175] Compositions according to the invention

[0176] Test 1: Linseed oil combined with a dispersion of styrene-acrylic copolymer

[0177] 200 g of Neocryl A-2092 is mixed using a Rayneri disperser.

[0178] Linseed oil is added to the dispersion with stirring in the content indicated in the table below.

[0179] The resulting mixture is stirred for 5 minutes, and then stirring is stopped and the mixture is observed to be stationary.

[0180] The mixture is collected and applied by coating onto a Kraft liner with a Braive 8 μm coating bar.

[0181] The compositions tested are shown in the table below along with their visual qualities. The visual appearance of the film formed on the Kraft support material is also given.

[0182] [Table 1]

[0183] Test 2: Linseed oil combined with acrylic copolymer emulsion

[0184] 200 g of Neocryl A-1127 is mixed using a Rayneri disperser.

[0185] Linseed oil is added to the dispersion with stirring in the amount shown in the table below.

[0186] The resulting mixture is stirred for 5 minutes, and then stirring is stopped and the mixture is observed to be stationary.

[0187] The mixture is collected and applied by coating onto a Kraft liner with a Braive 8 μm coating bar.

[0188] The compositions tested are shown in the table below along with their visual qualities. The visual appearance of the film formed on the Kraft support material is also given.

[0189] [Table 2]

[0190] Test 3: Linseed oil in combination with acrylic copolymer dispersion

[0191] 200 g of Recovery SP-6200XP is mixed using a Rayneri disperser.

[0192] Linseed oil is added to the dispersion with stirring in the amount shown in the table below.

[0193] The mixture is stirred for 5 minutes and then stirring is stopped and the mixture is observed to be stationary.

[0194] The mixture is collected and applied by coating onto a Kraft liner with a Braive 8 μm coating bar.

[0195] The compositions tested are shown in the table below along with their visual qualities. The visual appearance of the film formed on the Kraft support material is also given.

[0196] [Table 3]

[0197] Test 4: Linseed oil combined with three commercial varnishes

[0198] 200 g of a cationic crosslinking UV varnish for paper support materials sold by the company Sicpa are stirred with a Rayneri disperser.

[0199] Linseed oil is added to the varnish with stirring at a ratio of 5% linseed oil to the weight of the varnish.

[0200] The resulting mixture is stirred for 5 minutes, and then stirring is stopped and the mixture is observed to be stationary.

[0201] The same protocol is followed to form a second mixture, using a cationic crosslinking UV varnish for polymeric support materials sold by Sicpa instead of the cationic crosslinking UV varnish for paper support materials sold by Sicpa.

[0202] A third mixture is formed by substituting Sun Flexo UV gloss CTG G for the cationic crosslinking UV varnish for paper support materials sold by Sicpa and adding 2% linseed oil instead of 5% by weight of the varnish.

[0203] The mixture of the three liquids is homogenous.

[0204] Each mixture was collected and applied by coating onto a Kraft liner with a Braive 8 μm coating bar.

[0205] The drying of the three mixtures was not prevented and the three deposits thus obtained were homogeneous non-oily films.

[0206] In conclusion, linseed oil did not show any incompatibilities with the emulsions, dispersions and varnishes tested.

[0207] Example 2

[0208] Preparation of linseed oil treated paper and evaluation of its antiviral activity

[0209] Composition 10, shown in Table 4 below, is prepared by mixing the various compounds in water (adding Eumulgin BA10 at 60°C and then heating to 80°C) and then emulsifying the mixture of linseed oil, water and Eumulgin BA10 by rapidly stirring for several minutes using a Rayneri disperser.

[0210] [Table 4]

[0211] The substrate considered for the treatment is a raw cotton paper with no surface treatment, which may be suitable as paper for making banknotes.

[0212] The substrate is impregnated with composition 10 in one pass through a sizing press, then dried in an oven at 105° C. for 10 minutes to remove moisture, and then left to dry at room temperature in an ambient atmosphere.

[0213] Test A was performed.

[0214] The antiviral activity results obtained as described above for the substrate treated with composition 10 were 1.1 x 10 6 MPN 0 The values ​​are summarized in Table 5 below.

[0215] [Table 5]

[0216] The virucidal activity of the treated substrates in Test A is excellent.

[0217] Example 3

[0218] Preparation of paper treated with commercial linseed oil-based varnishes and evaluation of their antiviral and antibacterial activities

[0219] The same five substrates used in Example 2 were examined.

[0220] The oxidatively dried varnish used in this example (Varnish 11) is a commercially available solvent-free fatty varnish with a free (unpolymerized) linseed oil content of 1.77% by weight based on the total weight of the varnish, determined by GC / FID method after quantitative transesterification of methyl linolenate.

[0221] An oxidative drying varnish was applied to the surface of the substrate by offset printing using an IGT applicator at 2.4 g / m 2 (Tests B to F).

[0222] The antiviral and antibacterial activity results obtained as described above for substrates treated with Varnish 11 are summarized below in Tables 6 and 7, respectively. The antiviral activity was 1.4×10 6 MPN 0The most probable viral unit (MV) value is measured and the reduction in viral load is calculated. Antibacterial activity was measured in triplicate samples at an inoculum concentration of 1.40 x 10 for S. aureus. 6 in CFU / mL, and in the case of E. coli, the inoculum concentration was 1.41 x 10 6 Measured in CFU / mL.

[0223] [Table 6]

[0224] The virucidal activity of the substrates offset-treated with the linseed oil-based varnish 11 is excellent.

[0225] [Table 7]

[0226] Tests B and F show bactericidal activity.

[0227] Example 4

[0228] Application of linseed oil in combination with two commercial varnishes to paper and evaluation of their antiviral and antibacterial activity

[0229] Test 1: Direct contact acrylic varnish

[0230] 200 g of a direct contact acrylic varnish sold by SNBrancher are stirred using a Rayneri disperser.

[0231] Linseed oil is added to the dispersion with stirring in the content indicated in the table below.

[0232] The resulting mixture is stirred for 5 minutes and then checked for appearance quality at rest. The mixture is then removed and applied by coating onto both sides of a printing-writing paper using a coating bar to obtain a coating density of 2 g / m 2 A dry deposit of 100 g is obtained and the appearance of this deposit is also characterized. All these observations are detailed in Table 8 below.

[0233] [Table 8]

[0234] The antiviral and antibacterial activity results obtained as described above for substrates treated with the above varnishes are summarized below in Tables 9 and 10, respectively.

[0235] Antibacterial activity was measured at an inoculum concentration of Staphylococcus aureus of 1.72 × 10 6 CFU / mL was measured in triplicate specimens.

[0236] [Table 9]

[0237] Antiviral activity is 8×10 3 MPN 0 (Most Probable Viral Units) value is determined and the reduction in viral load is calculated.

[0238] [Table 10]

[0239] The virucidal activity of the substrates in the varnishes formulated with linseed oil is excellent.

[0240] Test 2: Acrylac MGA Varnish

[0241] 200 g of Acrylac MGA sold by Huber are stirred using a Rayneri disperser.

[0242] Linseed oil is added to the dispersion with stirring in the content indicated in the table below.

[0243] The resulting mixture is stirred for 5 minutes, then the stirring is stopped and the mixture is observed to be stationary. The mixture is then removed and applied by coating onto both sides of a printing-writing paper using a coating bar to obtain a coating weight of 3.5 g / m 2 A dry deposit of 100 g is obtained and the appearance of this deposit is also characterized. All these observations are detailed in Table 11 below.

[0244] [Table 11]

[0245] The antiviral and antibacterial activity results obtained as described above for substrates treated with the above varnishes are summarized below in Tables 12 and 13, respectively.

[0246] Antibacterial activity was observed in two specimens with an inoculum concentration of 1.73 × 10 for Staphylococcus aureus. 6 CFU / mL, and in the case of E. coli, the inoculum concentration is 2.00 x 10 6 Measured in CFU / mL.

[0247] [Table 12]

[0248] 1 cm of virus attached to the varnish alone applied to the substrate 2 The amount of will units per lottery is 25119.

[0249] [Table 13]

[0250] The virucidal activity of substrates treated with a varnish according to the invention is characterized by a short time of action.

[0251] Example 5

[0252] Linseed oil and lavender oil, alone or in other combinations with a commercial varnish prepared with the optional addition of monolaurin, were applied to paper and evaluated for antiviral activity.

[0253] 50 g of SicpaProtect 889368 sold by Sicpa are stirred with a Rayneri disperser. If appropriate, glyceryl monolaurate is incorporated into the varnish with stirring until completely dissolved.

[0254] Linseed oil and / or lavender oil are added to the dispersion with stirring in the contents indicated in the table below.

[0255] The resulting mixture is stirred for 5 minutes. It is then removed and printed by flexography at a density of 2 g / m 2 The Anilox 7 is applied to both sides of the note paper so as to obtain a dry deposit of

[0256] [Table 14]

[0257] The antiviral activity results for substrates treated with the above varnishes are summarized below in Tables 15 and 16, respectively.

[0258] Antiviral activity against coronavirus Hcov-229E was 3.98 × 10 3 MPN 0(Most Probable Viral Units) value is determined and the reduction in viral load is calculated.

[0259] [Table 15]

[0260] Antiviral activity against coronavirus Hcov OC43 was 7 × 10 5 MPN 0 (Most Probable Viral Units) value is measured and the reduction in viral load is calculated.

[0261] [Table 16]

[0262] In the case of this varnish, the virucidal activity of linseed oil and lavender oil against the substrate viruses Hcov-229E and Hcov OC43 was confirmed.

Claims

1. A method for imparting antiviral properties to a deposit formed on the surface of an inert substrate using at least one drying vegetable oil having an iodine value of at least 80 gI / 100 g.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the antiviral properties are against naked viruses.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the naked virus causes gastroenteritis.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the antiviral properties are against enveloped viruses.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the enveloped virus is an airborne virus.

6. The method according to claim 1 for imparting antiviral properties to the aforementioned sediment.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the deposit is a coating that covers all or part of the surface of the inert substrate.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the deposit is formed by oxidative drying.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying vegetable oil contains at least 65% by weight of a fatty acid selected from oleic acid, linoleic acid, α-linoleic acid, their esters, and mixtures thereof, based on the total weight of the drying vegetable oil.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying vegetable oil is selected from linseed oil, Chinese wood oil (also known as tung oil or cantonese oil), oyster oil, barnonia oil, poppy seed oil, pomegranate oil, calendula oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, hemp oil, soybean oil, castor oil, lavender oil, peppermint oil; oils derived from these vegetable oils, alkyd resins obtained from these vegetable oils; and mixtures thereof.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the deposit obtained after drying consists of at least 40% by weight of the drying vegetable oil, its derivatives, or mixtures thereof, relative to the weight of the deposit.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of an emulsion or a solution in a solvent.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying vegetable oil is used in an emulsion or dispersion.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of a varnish or ink.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of a UV-radical crosslinkable or UV-cationic crosslinkable varnish.

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying vegetable oil is used in the form of a formulation, and the formulation contains 0.5% to 75% by weight of the drying vegetable oil based on the total weight of the formulation.

17. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying vegetable oil is brought into contact with the inert substrate by sizing, surface treatment, or impregnation.

18. The method according to claim 1, wherein the deposit is formed by printing, sizing, surface treatment, or spraying.

19. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inert substrate is a porous substrate.

20. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inert substrate is a non-porous substrate.

21. The method according to claim 1 for preparing a security document.

22. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inert substrate is paper, and the drying vegetable oil is used in an amount of at least 0.5% by weight of the drying vegetable oil relative to the weight of the paper.

23. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least one auxiliary agent.

24. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying vegetable oil is used in combination with at least one security element.