Head-up display system and its design method

Abstract

A head-up display system and its design method are provided. The head-up display system includes a laminated glass and a projection assembly. The laminated glass includes a first transparent substrate having a first surface and a second surface, a second transparent substrate having a third surface and a fourth surface, and an intermediate adhesive layer provided between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate for bonding the second surface and the third surface. The laminated glass has at least one projection display area, and the projection display area has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the laminated glass at the upper edge of the projection display area is greater than the thickness of the laminated glass at the lower edge of the projection display area when the laminated glass is attached to a vehicle. The projection display area has segments in which the wedge angle continuously decreases non-linearly and monotonically along the direction from the lower edge to the upper edge, and the ratio of the length of the segment to the length of the projection display area is 70% or more. The projection assembly includes at least one projection light source capable of projecting onto at least one projection display area, and projection light rays emitted from the projection light source are incident on the projection display area to form a projection image.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicles, and specifically to a head-up display system and its design method.

Background Art

[0002] As vehicle intelligence progresses, head-up display (HUD) systems are being increasingly applied to vehicles. For example, images such as driving information are displayed in real time in front of the windshield through the head-up display system. The windshield is usually a laminated glass, and in order to eliminate the secondary image formed by projection onto the windshield, it is necessary to provide an intermediate adhesive layer with a wedge angle therein. When a metal coating containing Ag, a high-reflection medium layer such as a modified polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a high reflectivity, etc. is provided in the windshield, reflection occurs in the high-reflection medium layer and more secondary images are generated. When a driver sees two or more displaced images simultaneously, the observed images become blurred, the driver feels dizzy, and the experience is not good. Since the height of each driver is different, and there are an increasing number of vehicles equipped with multiple HUDs with different display distances and functions, the effect of weakening the secondary image formed by projection onto the windshield by the intermediate adhesive layer with a single wedge angle is not good, and the quality of the head-up display image projected onto the windshield is not high.

Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a head-up display system that can solve the technical problem of low quality of the head-up display image projected onto the windshield.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a head-up display system. The head-up display system includes a laminated glass and a projection assembly. The laminated glass includes a first transparent substrate having a first surface and a second surface, a second transparent substrate having a third surface and a fourth surface, and an intermediate adhesive layer provided between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate for adhering the second surface and the third surface. The laminated glass has at least one projection display area. When the laminated glass is attached to a vehicle, the projection display area has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the laminated glass at the upper edge of the projection display area is greater than the thickness of the laminated glass at the lower edge of the projection display area. The projection display area has segments in which the wedge angle continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decreases along the direction from the lower edge to the upper edge, and the ratio of the length of the segment to the length of the projection display area is 70% or more. The projection assembly includes at least one projection light source capable of projecting onto at least one projection display area, and projection light rays emitted from the projection light source are incident on the projection display area to form a projection image.

[0005] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a design method for a head-up display system. The design method for the head-up display system includes providing a projection assembly and a laminated glass, wherein projection light rays emitted from the projection assembly are incident on at least one projection display area of the laminated glass, designing an eyebox plane located inside the vehicle based on an observer inside the vehicle, designing a virtual image plane based on projection images observed by the observer inside the vehicle through each projection display area, wherein the eyebox plane includes a plurality of sub-eyebox planes sequentially arranged from high to low, the virtual image plane includes a plurality of sub-virtual image planes sequentially arranged from low to high, each sub-virtual image plane corresponds to one sub-eyebox plane, Select an observation dot matrix on each sub - iBox surface and select a virtual - image dot matrix on each sub - virtual - image surface, where the connecting line between a point in the observation dot matrix and a point in the virtual - image dot matrix passes through the corresponding projection display area, and the intersection point of the connecting line and the corresponding projection display area is the incident point, and perform the selection, Based on the projection assembly, the combining glass, and a plurality of connecting lines, calculate a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles of the combining glass when the projection image has no secondary image at the corresponding incident point, Based on the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each first theoretical wedge angle to the bottom edge of the combining glass, perform fitting to obtain a first change curve of the wedge angle following the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the combining glass, Based on the first change curve, determine the wedge angle of the combining glass in the corresponding projection display area, including.

[0006] The head - up display system provided in the present application includes a combining glass and a projection assembly. This combining glass has a wedge - shaped cross - sectional shape in which the thickness of the combining glass at the upper edge is greater than the thickness of the combining glass at the lower edge, and the wedge angle continuously, non - linearly, and monotonically decreases along the direction from the lower edge to the upper edge. By this, the secondary image of each head - up display image formed in a plurality of projection display areas can be weakened or even eliminated, so that the quality of the head - up display image projected onto the combining glass is improved. Also, it is advantageous for the driver to switch and observe a plurality of head - up display images, and the driving safety and comfort can be further improved. Therefore, the head - up display system provided in the present application can improve the quality of the head - up display image.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0007] In the following, in order to more clearly explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the embodiments are briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings from these drawings without creative efforts.

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0008] Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and comprehensively described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0009] In the specification, claims and the above drawings of the present application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish different objects and are not used to describe a specific order. Also, the terms "include", "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover and not exclude including other components. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device including a series of operations or units is not limited to the listed operations or units, and can selectively include operations or units not listed, or can further selectively include other operations or units specific to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0010] As used herein, "example" or "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an example or embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The term appearing anywhere in the specification does not necessarily indicate the same embodiment, nor does it indicate an independent embodiment or a candidate embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art can explicitly or implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0011] One embodiment of the present application provides a head-up display system 1. Please refer to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 4. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a head-up display system according to one embodiment of the present application. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along line A-A of the bonding glass in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the imaging of a first projection image in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the change curve of the wedge angle of the bonding glass in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 1. The head-up display system 1 includes a bonding glass 10 and a projection assembly 20. The bonding glass 10 includes a first transparent substrate 100, a second transparent substrate 200, and an intermediate adhesive layer 300. The first transparent substrate 100 has a first surface 110 and a second surface 120. The second transparent substrate 200 has a third surface 210 and a fourth surface 220. The intermediate adhesive layer 300 is provided between the first transparent substrate 100 and the second transparent substrate 200 and is used to bond the second surface 120 and the third surface 210. The bonding glass 10 has at least one projection display area 410. When the bonding glass 10 is attached to a vehicle, the projection display area 410 has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the bonding glass 10 at the upper edge 430 of the projection display area 410 is greater than the thickness of the bonding glass 10 at the lower edge 420 of the projection display area 410. When the laminated glass 10 is attached to the vehicle, the lower edge 420 can refer to an edge closer to the chassis of the vehicle than the upper edge 430 of the projection display area 410, and the upper edge 430 can refer to an edge closer to the roof of the vehicle than the lower edge 420 of the projection display area 410.

[0012] The projection display area 410 has segments in which the wedge angle continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decreases along the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430, and the ratio of the length of the segment to the length of the projection display area 410 is 70% or more. As can be understood, in the projection display area 410, the wedge angle in other segments excluding this segment may be equal to 0, may be a constant wedge angle, may increase linearly or decrease linearly, or may continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decrease together with the wedge angle of this segment. Preferably, the ratio of the length of the segment to the length of the projection display area 410 is 75% or more, or 80% or more, or 85% or more, or 90% or more, or 95% or more, or equal to 100%. Preferably, the wedge angle of each projection display area 410 continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decreases along the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430. The length of the above segment is measured in the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430.

[0013] For example, the projection display area 410 includes at least one first projection display area 411. The projection assembly 20 includes at least one projection light source 201 projected onto a plurality of projection display areas 410, and the projection light source 201 is projected onto the first projection display area 411 to form a first projection image 4111.

[0014] In this embodiment, the head-up display system 1 is applied to information display on the front windshield of a vehicle. The head-up display system 1 includes a projection assembly 20. The images projected onto the plurality of projection display areas 410 by the projection assembly 20 include at least one of a plurality of types of HUD images, HUD images at a plurality of angles, and HUD images at a plurality of display distances. Thereby, the head-up display system 1 can display a plurality of pieces of information, and the richness of the image display of the head-up display system 1 is enhanced. The plurality of projection display areas 410 are used to display HUD images. Specifically, the plurality of projection display areas 410 can be used to set an Augmented Reality Head Up Display (AR-HUD), a Windshield Head Up Display (W-HUD), or the like.

[0015] In this embodiment, the projection assembly 20 includes at least one projection light source 201 that is projected onto the plurality of projection display areas 410. One projection light source 201 is provided corresponding to one projection display area 410, or one projection light source 201 is provided corresponding to a plurality of projection display areas 410. In one embodiment, the light rays emitted from the projection light source 201 are directly projected onto the projection display area 410. In other embodiments, the light rays emitted from the projection assembly 20 are projected onto the projection display area 410 by a reflection device.

[0016] In this embodiment, the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the plurality of projection display regions 410 is used to remove ghost images when the light rays emitted from the projection assembly 20 are incident on the plurality of projection display regions 410 to form a projection image. Specifically, the application of the alignment glass 10 to a vehicle will be taken as an example for explanation. When the projection assembly 20 projects the light rays forming the first projection image 4111 onto the projection display region 410, since the alignment glass 10 has a certain thickness, an image formed by the light rays being reflected by the first transparent substrate 100 to the observer's eye part E10 in the driver's cab and an image formed by the light rays being reflected by the second transparent substrate 200 to the observer's eye part E10 form a double image. When there is a high-reflection medium layer in the alignment glass 10, for example, when there is a metal coding containing Ag, a modified PET with a high reflectivity, etc., reflection occurs and more ghost images are formed. In order to eliminate the ghost images, it is necessary to provide corresponding wedge angles in the plurality of projection display regions 410 of the alignment glass 10, whereby the ghost image and the main image can be superimposed, and the observer can view the first projection image 4111 without ghost images through the projection display region 410. The light rays forming the first projection image 4111 are reflected by different regions of the plurality of projection display regions 410 at different angles and enter the observer's eye part E10, and depending on the sitting position of the observer in the driver's cab, the light rays forming the first projection image 4111 enter the observer's eye part E10 at different angles. Therefore, it is necessary to provide different wedge angles in different regions of the plurality of projection display regions 410 of the alignment glass 10.

[0017] In this embodiment (see FIG. 4), for each projection display area 410, when the laminated glass 10 is attached to the vehicle, the thickness of the laminated glass 10 at the upper edge 430 of the projection display area 410 is greater than the thickness of the laminated glass 10 at the lower edge 420 of the projection display area 410, and the wedge angle continuously and non-linearly monotonically decreases along the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430, having a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape. For example, the wedge angle of each projection display area 410 of the laminated glass 10 exhibits a quadratic to fifth-degree function in the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430 and gradually becomes less non-linear. The first change curve L1 in FIG. 4 is a curve showing the change in the wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 according to the distance to the bottom edge 10b of the laminated glass 10 in one projection display area 410. The wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 in each projection display area 410 gradually and non-linearly decreases in the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430, thereby weakening and even eliminating the ghost image problem of the head-up display image in each projection display area 410.

[0018] In the prior art, the change in the wedge angle in the plurality of projection display areas 410 of the laminated glass 10 is realized only by connecting straight line segments to design several wedge angles, or based on this, forming a simple arc-shaped transition at the bend of the connected straight line segments. These cannot solve the ghost image problem of the head-up display images in the plurality of areas in the plurality of projection display areas 410.

[0019] Embodiments of the present application provide a head-up display system 1 including a laminated glass 10 and a plurality of projection assemblies 20. The laminated glass 10 has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the laminated glass 10 at the upper edge 430 is greater than the thickness of the laminated glass 10 at the lower edge 420, and the wedge angle continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decreases along the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430. By doing so, the ghost images of each head-up display image formed in at least one projection display area 410 can be weakened or even eliminated, thereby improving the quality of the head-up display image projected onto the laminated glass 10. Also, it is advantageous for the driver to switch and observe a plurality of head-up display images, and the driving safety and comfort can be further improved. The head-up display system provided in the present application can improve the quality of the head-up display image.

[0020] Referring to FIG. 4 again, in the present embodiment, the maximum rate of change ROC at which the wedge angle in the projection display area 410 continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decreases satisfies ROC ≦ 0.3 mrad / 100 mm, or satisfies ROC ≦ 0.2 mrad / 100 mm, or satisfies ROC ≦ 0.1 mrad / 100 mm, or satisfies ROC ≦ 0.05 mrad / 100 mm.

[0021] In this embodiment, L1 in FIG. 4 is a curve in each projection display area 410 where the wedge angle of the bonding glass 10 changes according to the distance from the wedge angle of the bonding glass 10 to the bottom edge 10b of the bonding glass 10. K1 is the tangent line at a certain point on L1, and the slope of the tangent line represents the absolute value of the change rate at which the wedge angle decreases at the position of that point. If the maximum change rate of the wedge angle of the bonding glass 10 is too large, the manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost of the bonding glass 10 will increase, which is not advantageous for the production efficiency of the bonding glass 10, thus affecting the production efficiency of the bonding glass 10. Therefore, the maximum change rate of the wedge angle of the bonding glass 10 should not be too large. Specifically, the maximum change rate ROC at which the wedge angles in the plurality of projection display areas 410 continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decrease along the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430 satisfies ROC ≦ 0.3 mrad / 100 mm. Preferably, the maximum change rate ROC at which the wedge angles in the plurality of projection display areas 410 continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decrease along the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430 satisfies ROC ≦ 0.2 mrad / 100 mm. More preferably, the maximum change rate ROC at which the wedge angles in the plurality of projection display areas 410 continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decrease along the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430 satisfies ROC ≦ 0.1 mrad / 100 mm. Even more preferably, the maximum change rate ROC at which the wedge angles in the plurality of projection display areas 410 continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decrease along the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430 satisfies ROC ≦ 0.05 mrad / 100 mm.

[0022] Referring to FIG. 4 again, in this embodiment, the maximum value α of the wedge angle in the plurality of projection display areas 410 satisfies α ≦ 0.8 mrad.

[0023] In this embodiment, α in FIG. 4 is the maximum wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the plurality of projection display areas 410. If the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 is too large, a part of the alignment glass 10 will be too thick, making it more difficult to eliminate the ghost image of the head-up display image in the plurality of projection display areas 410. Also, if the value of the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 is too large, the change rate of the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 is likely to be too large, so the manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost of the alignment glass 10 will increase, which is disadvantageous to the production efficiency of the alignment glass 10. Therefore, the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 should not be too large. Specifically, the maximum value α of the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the plurality of projection display areas 410 satisfies α ≦ 0.8 mrad.

[0024] In this application, the wedge angle in the plurality of projection display areas 410 may be provided only by the intermediate adhesive layer 300, that is, both the first transparent substrate 100 and the second transparent substrate 200 have an equal-thickness shape (wedge angle is 0), and the wedge angle of the projection display area 410 is equal to the wedge angle of the intermediate adhesive layer 300. Not limited to this, the wedge angle in the plurality of projection display areas 410 may be provided by the intermediate adhesive layer 300, the first transparent substrate 100, and / or the second transparent substrate 200, that is, the first transparent substrate 100 and / or the second transparent substrate 200 also have a wedge shape. Considering the production difficulty of the first transparent substrate 100 and / or the second transparent substrate 200, the first transparent substrate 100 and / or the second transparent substrate 200 have a certain wedge angle, and the wedge angle of the projection display area 410 is equal to the sum of the wedge angle of the intermediate adhesive layer 300 and the wedge angle of the first transparent substrate 100 and / or the second transparent substrate 200.

[0025] Please refer to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of the intermediate adhesive layer in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 1. In this embodiment, the maximum thickness h of the intermediate adhesive layer 300 satisfies 0.38 mm ≦ h ≦ 1.6 mm.

[0026] In this embodiment, the thickness of the laminated glass 10 is related to the thickness of the intermediate adhesive layer 300. That is, the thicker the intermediate adhesive layer 300, the thicker the laminated glass 10. The thicker the laminated glass 10, the more severe the secondary image of the head-up display image projected on the plurality of projection display areas 410 becomes, and it becomes more difficult to weaken the secondary image of the head-up display image projected on the plurality of projection display areas 410. Therefore, the laminated glass 10 should not be too thick, that is, the maximum thickness of the intermediate adhesive layer 300 should not be too large. Specifically, the maximum thickness h of the intermediate adhesive layer 300 satisfies h ≤ 1.6 mm. Also, the laminated glass 10 needs to satisfy the requirements of light transmittance and impact resistance, which are regulatory requirements. That is, Layer 300 it is not good if the maximum thickness of the intermediate adhesive layer is too small. Specifically, the maximum thickness h of the intermediate adhesive layer 300 satisfies h ≥ 0.38 mm. Therefore, the thickness h of the intermediate adhesive layer 300 satisfies 0.38 mm ≤ h ≤ 1.6 mm.

[0027] In one embodiment, there is a measured wedge angle at any point of the segment, and the measured wedge angles at each point in the segment are fitted to obtain an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle. There are a plurality of theoretical wedge angles for removing the secondary image at any point in the projection display area, and the plurality of theoretical wedge angles at each point in the projection display area are fitted to obtain a first change curve L1. The maximum deviation value of the corresponding part between the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve L1 is 0.15 mrad or less.

[0028] Specifically, please refer to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a head-up display system according to another embodiment of the present application. The projection assembly 20 further includes a folder mirror 230 and a concave mirror 240. When the first projection light source 211 operates, the first projection light source 211 converts instrument panel signals such as vehicle speed and information such as navigation into optical signals and transmits them. The optical signals are incident on the fourth surface 220 of the second transparent substrate 200 of the combined glass 10 through the folder mirror 230 and the concave mirror 240, and are reflected by the combined glass 10 to reach the corresponding eyebox surface EB10. As a result, an image is formed on the first virtual image surface TB20 in front of the combined glass 10, forming a first virtual image called the main image.

[0029] Note that the virtual image surface includes at least the first virtual image surface TB20. When there are a plurality of projection display areas 410, the virtual image surface may further include a second virtual image surface TB30. In the present application, the case where the virtual image surface includes the first virtual image surface TB20 is taken as an example for explanation, and the characteristics and derivation of the first virtual image surface TB20 can be referred to in the case of a plurality of virtual image surfaces.

[0030] As can be understood, the optical path of each ray emitted from the first projection light source 211 is unique. That is, when observing at different positions on the same eyebox surface EB10, the optical paths of the rays emitted from the observed first projection light source 211 are different, and the projection area of these rays on the combined glass 10 can correspond to the first projection display area 411 of the combined glass 10.

[0031] In this embodiment, since the laminated glass 10 is a transparent medium, the light rays emitted from the first projection light source 211 enter the laminated glass 10, are reflected again on the outer surface of the laminated glass 10, enter the eye box surface EB10, and form a second virtual image by imaging in front of the laminated glass 10. When a highly reflective medium layer is provided in the laminated glass 10, for example, a metal coding containing Ag, a modified PET with a high reflectivity, etc. are provided, reflection also occurs, and a third virtual image and even more virtual images are generated. The second virtual image, the third virtual image, and even more virtual images are collectively called secondary images. In order to eliminate the secondary images, by providing a corresponding wedge angle in the laminated glass 10, the secondary images and the main image can be completely overlapped, and this wedge angle is the theoretical wedge angle. As can be understood, since the theoretical wedge angles required to remove the secondary images are different for the light rays emitted from the first projection light source 211, it is necessary to provide different wedge angles at different positions of the laminated glass 10. That is, at any position from the bottom edge 10b on the laminated glass 10, the numerical value within the range of the theoretical wedge angle for removing the secondary images exists, and the maximum theoretical wedge angle and the minimum theoretical wedge angle exist.

[0032] Please refer to FIG. 7 together. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the calculation of the wedge angle at an arbitrary point of the laminated glass according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be understood, the wedge angle at an arbitrary point of the laminated glass 10 reflects the rate of change of the thickness of the laminated glass 10 at this point. As shown in FIG. 7, if the thickness at a certain point of the laminated glass 10 is t1, and in the direction extending from the bottom edge 10b of the laminated glass 10 toward the upper edge 10a of the laminated glass 10, the thickness at a position where the distance from this point is H is t2, then the wedge angle β = arctan((t2 - t1) / H) (H is infinitesimal) of this point can be calculated by a mathematical formula.

[0033] In this embodiment, please refer to FIG. 8 together. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the combination of the sub-eye box surface - sub-virtual image surface according to an embodiment of the present application. The eye box surface EB10 includes a plurality of sub-eye box surfaces EB11 arranged in sequence from high to low. In other words, from high to low can be understood as the direction from the roof of the vehicle to the chassis of the vehicle. The first virtual image plane TB20 includes a plurality of first sub-virtual image planes TB21 sequentially arranged from a lower position to a higher position. In other words, from low to high can be understood as the direction from the chassis of the vehicle to the roof of the vehicle. Each of the first sub-virtual image planes TB21 corresponds to one sub-eye box plane EB11. Select the observation dot matrix EB111 on each sub-eye box plane EB11, and select the first virtual image dot matrix TB211 on each of the first sub-virtual image planes TB21. The connecting line between the points in the observation dot matrix EB111 and the points in the first virtual image dot matrix TB211 passes through the corresponding first projection display area 411, and the intersection of this connecting line and the first projection display area 411 is the incident point. Based on the projection assembly 20, the alignment glass 10, and the plurality of connecting lines, calculate the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles of the alignment glass 10 when the first projection image 4111 has no secondary image at the corresponding incident point. Based on the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each first theoretical wedge angle to the bottom edge 10b of the alignment glass, perform fitting to obtain the first change curve L1 of the wedge angle according to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 10b of the alignment glass. Further, based on the first change curve L1, the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the corresponding first projection display area 411 can be determined.

[0034] As can be understood, the eye box surface EB10 is for simulating the position where a projection screen is observed by a human eye or visual system. The first virtual image surface TB20 represents the position where the light rays emitted from the first projection light source 211 are imaged. Usually, the standard size of the first virtual image surface TB20 is represented by width * height, for example, 400mm * 200mm. Since people may have different heights and sitting postures, in this application, the positions of the three sub-eye box surfaces EB11 of upper (Tall), middle (MID), and lower (Short) are taken as examples for analysis. In this way, there are three first sub-virtual image surfaces TB21 of lower, middle, and upper corresponding to the three sub-eye box surfaces EB11 of upper, middle, and lower respectively, forming three combinations: lower sub-eye box surface EB11 - upper first sub-virtual image surface TB21, middle sub-eye box surface EB11 - middle first sub-virtual image surface TB21, and upper sub-eye box surface EB11 - lower first sub-virtual image surface TB21. As can be understood, three different regions are also formed in the first projection display area 411 by the optical path connecting a point on the corresponding sub-eye box surface EB11 and a point on the corresponding first sub-virtual image surface TB21.

[0035] Specifically, please refer to FIG. 9 together. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the first change curve according to an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, on each of the sub-eye box surface EB11 and the corresponding first sub-virtual image surface TB21, a plurality of corresponding sample points are selected. Generally, the sub-eye box surface EB11 is divided into an equally spaced dot matrix m * n, and the first sub-virtual image surface TB21 is divided into an equally spaced i * j. For example, the sub-eye box surface EB11 is divided into a 5 * 3 dot matrix, and the first sub-virtual image surface TB21 is also divided into 5 * 3.

[0036] Specifically, the optical path of the connecting line between a point on the sub-eyebox surface EB11 and a corresponding point on the first sub-virtual image surface TB21 intersects with the first projection display area 411 in the corresponding area of ​​the first projection display area 411 to obtain a data point. The theoretical wedge angle can be obtained using CAD software. Commonly seen are specialized optical simulation software such as ANSYS SPEOS, ZEMAX, or DASSAULT SYSTEM CATIA, which can be used to perform simulations for any one light ray and calculate the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate the sub-image at the data point. As can be seen, a wedge angle scatter data set as shown in FIG. 9 can be obtained based on the distance from the data points of different first projection display areas 411 to the bottom edge 10b of the laminated glass 10 and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate the sub-image. The Tall wedge angle scatter data set corresponds to the combination of upper sub-eyebox surface EB11-lower first sub-virtual image surface TB21, the Mid wedge angle scatter data set corresponds to the combination of middle sub-eyebox surface EB11-middle first sub-virtual image surface TB21, and the Short wedge angle scatter data set corresponds to the combination of lower sub-eyebox surface EB11-upper first sub-virtual image surface TB21.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 9, the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate the sub-image in each region in each wedge angle distribution data set exhibits a certain regular discrete state. At a certain position from the base 10b of the laminated glass 10, the required wedge angle is different for different light rays. For example, at 420 mm from the base 10b, the required wedge angle is between 0.30 mrad and 0.50 mrad. Obviously, there is only one wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 at the same position, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate the sub-image is within the range of the wedge angle distribution data set at this position. Based on the theoretical wedge angles corresponding to each position of the laminated glass 10 in the wedge angle distribution data set, a variable wedge angle curve can be obtained by fitting. This curve passes through the wedge angle distribution data set and represents a wedge angle that decreases continuously, nonlinearly, and monotonically.

[0038] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the effect of removing the secondary image by the wedge angle, it can be understood that the maximum deviation value of the corresponding part between the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve L1 is 0.15 mrad or less. Specifically, the deviation value is 0.15 mrad or less, or 0.14 mrad or less, or 0.13 mrad or less, or 0.12 mrad or less, or 0.11 mrad or less, or 0.10 mrad or less, or 0.09 mrad or less, or 0.08 mrad or less, or 0.07 mrad or less, or 0.06 mrad or less, or 0.05 mrad or less. Further, in the fitting of the complete first change curve L1 from the bottom side 10b to the upper side 10a of the combined glass 10, the complete first change curve L1 can be obtained by appropriately fine-tuning within the tolerance range based on the first change curve L1 of each segment. That is, the final complete first change curve L1 may not completely coincide with the fitted curve of the optimal variable wedge angle of each segment.

[0039] In one embodiment, both the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve L1 conform to a quadratic to quintic function.

[0040] In this embodiment, the measured wedge angle at each point is fitted with a quadratic to quintic function to obtain an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle, and the maximum theoretical wedge angle and the minimum theoretical wedge angle at each point are fitted with a quadratic to quintic function to obtain the first change curve L1. By making the maximum deviation value of the corresponding part between the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve L1 0.15 mrad or less, the technical problem that the difference in the wedge angle at different positions of the combined glass 10 is too large is improved.

[0041] In one embodiment, please refer to FIG. 10 together. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an approximate curve according to another embodiment of the present application. The slope of the tangent line at any point on the approximate curve continuously decreases along the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430. The slope of the tangent line at any point on the approximate curve represents the absolute value of the rate of change at which the wedge angle at that point decreases. As can be understood, by fitting the above wedge angle scatter data set, an approximate curve as shown in FIG. 10, that is, a concave curve, can be obtained. Thereby, it is possible to manufacture the alignment glass 10 of different specifications and adapt it to be attached to different vehicles. The present application is not limited thereto.

[0042] In one embodiment, please refer to FIG. 11 together. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an approximate curve according to another embodiment of the present application. The slope of the tangent line at any point on the approximate curve continuously increases along the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430. The slope of the tangent line at any point on the approximate curve represents the absolute value of the rate of change at which the wedge angle at that point decreases. As can be understood, by fitting the above wedge angle scatter data set, an approximate curve as shown in FIG. 11, that is, a convex curve, can be obtained. Thereby, it is possible to manufacture the alignment glass 10 of different specifications and adapt it to be attached to different vehicles. The present application is not limited thereto.

[0043] In one embodiment, referring again to FIG. 9, the slope of the tangent line at any point on the approximate curve first continuously increases and then continuously decreases along the direction from the lower edge 420 to the upper edge 430. The slope of the tangent line at any point on the approximate curve represents the absolute value of the rate of change at which the wedge angle at that point decreases. As can be understood, by fitting the above wedge angle scatter data set, an approximate curve as shown in FIG. 9, that is, an S-shaped curve, can be obtained. Thereby, it is possible to manufacture the alignment glass 10 of different specifications and adapt it to be attached to different vehicles. The present application is not limited thereto.

[0044] In one embodiment, the ratio of the maximum local extreme difference ΔW of a plurality of theoretical wedge angles to the overall extreme difference ΔC of the plurality of theoretical wedge angles satisfies ΔW / ΔC≤0.9.

[0045] Specifically, referring to FIG. 9 again. When the wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 is constant, that is, when the wedge angles at different positions of the laminated glass 10 are the same, for example, 0.38 mrad is selected as the constant wedge angle. In this embodiment, in the scatter diagram of the theoretical wedge angles, that is, in the wedge angle scatter data set, the local extreme difference is the difference between the maximum theoretical wedge angle and the minimum theoretical wedge angle at a position where the distance to the laminated glass 10 is X, and the maximum local extreme difference ΔW means the maximum value among the local extreme differences. Here, the overall extreme difference ΔC of the plurality of theoretical wedge angles is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among all the theoretical wedge angles in the scatter diagram. Bottom edge 10b When the maximum local extreme difference of the wedge angle scatter data set at the corresponding position of the laminated glass 10 is smaller than the maximum overall extreme difference of the wedge angle scatter data set, that is, when d2 + d2' < d1 + d1', the ghost removal effect when the wedge angle is variable is superior to the ghost removal effect when the wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 is constant.

[0046] Optionally, the ratio of the maximum local extreme difference ΔW of the wedge angle scatter data set at the corresponding position of the laminated glass 10 to the overall extreme difference ΔC of the wedge angle scatter data set is 0.9 or less, that is, ΔW / ΔC≤0.9. Specifically, it may be 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1, etc. As can be understood, based on this, in the present application, by improving the discrete state of the wedge angle scatter data set and reducing the maximum local extreme difference of the wedge angle scatter data set at the corresponding position of the laminated glass 10, the ghost removal effect of the laminated glass 10 can be improved.

[0047]

[0048] ​In this embodiment, refer to FIG. 6 again. The projection display area 410 includes at least one first projection display area 411. The virtual image distance of the first projection image 4111 formed by the light rays emitted from the projection assembly 20 and incident on the first projection display area 411 is 7 meters to 100 meters, that is, the distance between the first projection image 4111 and the observer's eyebox plane EB10 is 7 meters to 100 meters. Specifically, the first projection display area 411 is used for displaying the AR-HUD image.

[0049] Please refer to FIGS. 12 and 13. FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of a head-up display system according to another embodiment of the present application. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of projecting onto a second projection display area in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 12. In this embodiment, the plurality of projection display areas 410 further includes at least one second projection display area 412. The light rays emitted from the projection light source 201 are incident on the second projection display area 412 to form a second projection image 4121, and the virtual image distance of the second projection image 4121 is 1 meter to 6 meters.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first projection display area 411 is used for long-distance projection display. Specifically, the first projection display area 411 is used to fuse the display information and the real scene, and is used to project and display complex graphics corresponding to objects in the real world to realize the interaction between the road condition - vehicle - driver. The second projection display area 412 is used for short-distance projection display. Specifically, the second projection display area 412 is used for short-distance display of the parameter information of the vehicle operation, which can reduce the need to lower the head to view the meter panel or related information, facilitate the driver's focus adjustment, reduce the need to lower the head to view the meter panel, maximize the driver's attention during driving, and improve driving safety.

[0051] Please refer to FIG. 14. FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram of a head-up display system according to another embodiment of the present application. In the present embodiment, the plurality of projection assemblies 20 includes at least one first projection light source 211 and at least one second projection light source 212. The light rays emitted from the first projection light source 211 are incident on the first projection display area 411. The light rays emitted from the second projection light source 212 are incident on the second projection display area 412.

[0052] In the present embodiment, the first projection light source 211 is used to project onto the first projection display area 411 to perform a long-distance projection display. Specifically, the first projection display area 411 is used to fuse the display information and the real scene, and projects a complex figure corresponding to an object in the real world to realize the interaction between the road condition - vehicle - driver. The second projection light source 212 is used to project onto the second projection display area 412 to perform a short-distance projection display. Specifically, the second projection display area 412 is used for the short-distance display of the parameter information of the vehicle operation, thereby reducing the need to lower the head to view the meter panel or related information, facilitating the driver's focus adjustment, reducing the need to lower the head to view the meter panel, maximizing the driver's attention during driving, and improving driving safety.

[0053] Please refer to FIG. 15. FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of another perspective of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 14. In the present embodiment, the first projection light source 211 is provided close to the upper side 10a of the combined glass 10, and the second projection light source 212 is provided close to the bottom side 10b of the combined glass 10.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first projection light source 211 is provided close to the upper side 10a of the alignment glass 10 so that the projection light beam incident from the first projection light source 211 on the first projection display area 411 has an optimal incident angle. Specifically, the first projection light source 211 is attached to the inner surface of the roof of the vehicle. The second projection light source 212 is provided close to the bottom side 10b of the alignment glass 10 so that the projection light beam incident from the second projection light source 212 on the second projection display area 412 has an optimal incident angle. Specifically, the second projection light source 212 is attached inside the meter panel of the vehicle.

[0055] Please refer to FIGS. 12 and 16. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the projection imaging in an embodiment of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 12. In this embodiment, the first projection image 4111 has a first look-down angle (LDA1) and a first virtual image distance (VID1). The second projection image 4121 has a second look-down angle (LDA2) and a second virtual image distance (VID2). When the first projection display area 411 and the second projection display area 412 are provided adjacent to each other in the direction from the bottom side 10b to the upper side 10a, LDA1 and LDA2 satisfy 2° ≤ LDA1 - LDA2 ≤ 4.5°, or 2.5° ≤ LDA1 - LDA2 ≤ 3.5°, and VID1 and VID2 satisfy 2 ≤ VID1 / VID2 ≤ 50, or 2.5 ≤ VID1 / VID2 ≤ 10.

[0056] In this embodiment, while the observer is driving the vehicle, the observer's line of sight usually needs to shift between the first projection display area 411 and the second projection display area 412. If the difference between the first downward viewing angle LDA1 between the connecting line of the first projection image 4111 and the observer's eye part E10 and the horizontal plane and the second downward viewing angle LDA2 between the connecting line of the second projection image 4121 and the observer's eye part E10 and the horizontal plane is too large, the rotation angle required for the observer's line of sight to shift between the first projection image 4111 and the second projection image 4121 is too large. After the observer's line of sight has shifted between the first projection image 4111 and the second projection image 4121 multiple times, the eyes become fatigued and it affects driving. When the midpoint of the first projection image 4111 and the midpoint of the second projection image 4121 are lower than the observer's eyes, the first downward viewing angle LDA1 and the second downward viewing angle LDA2 are negative values. If the difference between the first downward viewing angle LDA1 between the connecting line of the first projection image 4111 and the observer's eye part E10 and the horizontal plane and the second downward viewing angle LDA2 between the connecting line of the second projection image 4121 and the observer's eye part E10 and the horizontal plane is too small, the overlapping part of the first projection image 4111 and the second projection image 4121 is too large, which hinders the display of the information contained in the first projection image 4111 and the second projection image 4121 and affects the observer's driving. Therefore, the difference between the first downward viewing angle LDA1 and the second downward viewing angle LDA2 should not be too large. Specifically, 2° ≤ LDA1 - LDA2 ≤ 4.5°. For example, it may be 2°, 2.5°, 2.8°, 3°, 3.2°, 3.5°, 3.8°, 4.0°, 4.5°, etc. Preferably, 2.5° ≤ LDA1 - LDA2 ≤ 3.5°. For example, it may be 2.5°, 2.6°, 2.7°, 2.8°, 2.9°, 3°, 3.1°, 3.2°, 3.3°, 3.4°, 3.5°, etc.

[0057] In this embodiment, the ratio of the first virtual image distance VID1 between the first projection image 4111 and the observer's eye part E10 to the second virtual image distance VID2 between the second projection image 4121 and the observer's eye part E10 needs to be kept within a certain range. If the ratio of the first virtual image distance VID1 to the second virtual image distance VID2 is too small, the design difficulty will increase, and it will be more difficult to simultaneously remove the secondary image of the first projection image 4111 and the secondary image of the second projection image 4121. If the ratio of the first virtual image distance VID1 to the second virtual image distance VID2 is too large, the production difficulty of the intermediate adhesive layer and the laminated glass will increase. Therefore, the ratio of the first virtual image distance VID1 to the second virtual image distance VID2 needs to be kept within a certain range. Specifically, the relationship between the first virtual image distance VID1 and the second virtual image distance VID2 is 2 ≤ VID1 / VID2 ≤ 50, and preferably, 2.5 ≤ VID1 / VID2 ≤ 10.

[0058] Referring to FIG. 16 again, in this embodiment, -6° ≤ LDA1 ≤ 0°, -8° ≤ LDA2 ≤ -3°.

[0059] In this embodiment, the magnitude of the angle formed between the connecting line of the virtual image formed by being projected onto the laminated glass 10 and the observer's eye part E10 and the horizontal plane affects the position where the virtual image formed by being projected onto the laminated glass 10 is in front of the vehicle. Specifically, the larger the first downward viewing angle LDA1, the closer the virtual image of the first projection image 4111 is to above the vehicle, and the larger the first virtual image distance VID1. For this reason, if the first downward viewing angle LDA1 is too small, the first projection image 4111 and the vehicle body part in front of the laminated glass 10 will overlap, and the first projection image 4111 will be embedded in the vehicle, affecting the observation of the first projection image 4111 by the observer. If the first downward viewing angle LDA1 is too large, the first projection image 4111 will be displayed in the air, making it difficult to realize the interaction display between the first projection image 4111 and the real entity information outside the vehicle, and the information transmission quality of the first projection image 4111 will decrease. Therefore, the first downward viewing angle LDA1 needs to maintain an appropriate angle. Specifically, the first downward viewing angle LDA1 satisfies -6° ≤ LDA1 ≤ 0°.

[0060] In this embodiment, if the second downward viewing angle LDA2 is too small, the vehicle body part in front of the combiner glass 10 overlaps with the second projected image 4121, and the second projected image 4121 is embedded in the vehicle, which affects the observer's observation of the second projected image 4121. If the second downward viewing angle LDA2 is too large, there is too much overlap between the second projected image 4121 and the first projected image 4111, making it difficult to realize the interaction display between the first projected image 4111 and the entity information of the vehicle's external world, and affecting the information transmission quality of the second projected image 4121. Therefore, the second downward viewing angle LDA2 needs to maintain an appropriate angle. Specifically, the second downward viewing angle LDA2 satisfies -8° ≤ LDA 2 ≤ -3°.

[0061] Please refer to FIGS. 12 and 17. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the imaging of projection in another embodiment of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 12. In this embodiment, the plurality of projection display areas 410 include at least two first projection display areas 411. In the two first projection display areas 411 provided close to each other in the horizontal direction, a first left projected image 4111L and a first right projected image 4111R are respectively formed. The first left projected image 4111L has a first left downward viewing angle LDA11 and a first left virtual image distance VID11. The first right projected image 4111R has a first right downward viewing angle LDA12 and a first right virtual image distance VID12. LDA LDA11 and LDA12 satisfy 0° ≤ |LDA11 - LDA12| ≤ 1°, and VID11 and VID12 satisfy 0.5 ≤ VID11 / VID12 ≤ 2, or 0.8 ≤ VID11 / VID12 ≤ 1.2.

[0062] In this embodiment, when there are two first projection display areas 411 provided nearby in the horizontal direction, while the observer is driving the vehicle, the line of sight of the observer usually needs to shift between the two first projection display areas 411 provided nearby. If the difference between the first left downward viewing angle LDA11 between the connecting line of the first left projection image 4111L and the observer's eye part E10 and the horizontal plane and the first right downward viewing angle LDA12 between the connecting line of the first right projection image 4111R and the observer's eye part E10 and the horizontal plane is too large, the rotation angle required for the observer's line of sight to shift between the first left projection image 4111L and the first right projection image 4111R is too large. As a result, after the observer's line of sight has shifted between the first left projection image 4111L and the first right projection image 4111R multiple times, the eyes become fatigued and it affects driving. If the difference between the first left downward viewing angle LDA11 between the connecting line of the first left projection image 4111L and the observer's eye part E10 and the horizontal plane and the first right downward viewing angle LDA12 between the connecting line of the first right projection image 4111R and the observer's eye part E10 and the horizontal plane is too small, the overlapping part of the first left projection image 4111L and the first right projection image 4111R is too large, which hinders the display of the information included in the first left projection image 4111L and the first right projection image 4111R and affects the observer's driving. Therefore, the difference between the first left downward viewing angle LDA11 and the first right downward viewing angle LDA12 should preferably not be too large. Specifically, 0°≦|LDA11 - LDA12|≦1°. Note that the first end refers to one end of the windshield 10 close to the driver's seat in the vehicle.

[0063] In this embodiment, the first left virtual image distance VID11 between the first left projection image 4111L and the observer's eye part E10 and the Ratio first right virtual image distance VID12 between the first right projection image 4111R and the observer's eye part E10 need to be kept within a certain range. If the Ratio difference between the first left virtual image distance VID11 and the first right virtual image distance VID12 is too large, when the line of sight from the observer's eye part E10 shifts between the first left projection image 4111L and the first right projection image 4111R, it is sudden and the eyes are likely to get fatigued. Also, if the RatioIf it is too large, the difference in the wedge angles of the alignment glass 10 in the two first projection display areas 411 provided adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction is too large, and the difficulty of designing and manufacturing the alignment glass 10 increases. Therefore, the Ratio between the first left virtual image distance VID11 and the first right virtual image distance VID12 needs to be kept within a certain range. Specifically, the relationship between the first left virtual image distance VID11 and the first right virtual image distance VID12 is 0.5 ≦ VID11 / VID12 ≦ 2, and preferably, 0.8 ≦ VID11 / VID12 ≦ 1.2.

[0064] Please refer to FIGS. 12 and 18. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the imaging of a projection in a further embodiment of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 12. In this embodiment, the plurality of projection display areas 410 further include at least two second projection display areas 412. In the two second projection display areas 412 provided close to each other in the horizontal direction, a second left projection image 4121L and a second right projection image 4121R are respectively formed. The second left projection image 4121L has a second left downward viewing angle LDA21 and a second left virtual image distance VID21. The second right projection image 4121R has a second right downward viewing angle LDA22 and a second right virtual image distance VID22. LDA21 and LDA22 satisfy 0° ≦ | LDA21 - LDA22 | ≦ 1°, and the relationship between VID21 and VID22 is 0.5 ≦ VID21 / VID22 ≦ 2, or 0.8 ≦ VID21 / VID22 ≦ 1.2.

[0065] In this embodiment, when there are two second projection display areas 412 provided nearby in the horizontal direction, while the observer is driving the vehicle, the line of sight of the observer usually needs to shift between the two second projection display areas 412 provided nearby. If the difference between the second left downward viewing angle LDA21 between the connecting line of the second left projection image 4121L and the observer's eye part E10 and the horizontal plane and the second right downward viewing angle LDA22 between the connecting line of the second right projection image 4121R and the observer's eye part E10 and the horizontal plane is too large, the rotation angle required for the observer's line of sight to shift between the second left projection image 4121L and the second right projection image 4121R is too large. As a result, after the observer's line of sight has shifted between the second left projection image 4121L and the second right projection image 4121R multiple times, the eyes become fatigued and it affects driving. If the difference between the second left downward viewing angle LDA21 and the second right downward viewing angle LDA22 is too small, the overlapping part of the second left projection image 4121L and the second right projection image 4121R is too large, which hinders the display of the information included in the second left projection image 4121L and the second right projection image 4121R and affects the driving of the observer. Therefore, the difference between the second left downward viewing angle LDA21 and the second right downward viewing angle LDA22 should preferably not be too large. Specifically, 0° ≦ |LDA21 - LDA22| ≦ 1°. Note that the first end refers to one end of the windshield 10 close to the driver's seat in the vehicle.

[0066] In this embodiment, the second left virtual image distance VID21 between the second left projection image 4121L and the observer's eye part E10 and the Ratio second right virtual image distance VID22 between the second right projection image 4121R and the observer's eye part E10 Ratio need to be kept within a certain range. If the RatioIf the second left virtual image distance VID21 and the second right virtual image distance VID22 are too large, the difference in the wedge angles of the laminated glass 10 in the two second projection display areas 412 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction will be too large, and the design and manufacturing of the laminated glass 10 will become difficult. Ratio must be kept within a certain range. Specifically, the relationship between the second left virtual image distance VID21 and the second right virtual image distance VID22 is 0.5≦VID21 / VID22≦2, and preferably 0.8≦VID21 / VID22≦1.2.

[0067] Referring back to FIG. 1, in this embodiment, the multiple projected display areas 410 are provided separately or partially overlapping each other.

[0068] In one embodiment, the multiple projection display areas 410 may be provided separately so that information transmission between the multiple projection display areas 410 is more independent and clear. In another embodiment, in order to increase the number of projection display areas 410 provided, adjacent projection display areas 410 among the multiple projection display areas 410 may be provided to partially overlap. In addition, by providing adjacent projection display areas 410 to partially overlap, the linkage of information transmission between the adjacent projection display areas 410 can be improved, and the versatility of the head-up display system 1 can be increased.

[0069] In one embodiment, the wedge angle of the first projection display area 411 is in the range of 0 mrad to 0.5 mrad, and the wedge angle of the second projection display area 412 is in the range of 0.1 mrad to 0.8 mrad. Specifically, the wedge angle of the first projection display area 411 may be 0.1 mrad, 0.18 mrad, 0.23 mrad, 0.47 mrad, etc., and the wedge angle of the second projection display area 412 may be 0.16 mrad, 0.25 mrad, 0.38 mrad, 0.44 mrad, 0.68 mrad, etc., and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0070] Referring again to FIG. 6, in the present embodiment, the head-up display system 1 further includes a virtual eye box surface EB10 located inside the vehicle and at least one virtual virtual image surface TB20 (i.e., the first virtual image surface TB20) located outside the vehicle. Each first projection display area 411 corresponds to one first virtual image surface TB20. The ratio of the height to the width of the first virtual image surface TB20 is 0.5 or less.

[0071] In the present embodiment, taking the combination of the middle sub-eye box surface EB11 of 5*3 and the middle first sub-virtual image surface TB21 of 5*3 as an example, in the direction from the bottom side 10b to the upper side 10a of the combined glass 10, a wedge angle scatter data set composed of data points of the theoretical wedge angle required to remove the secondary image will be described. Points on the middle sub-eye box surface EB11 are labeled. For example, the vertical bisector of the middle sub-eye box surface EB11 can be represented as a connecting line between the point EB_R1C2 and the point EB_R5C2. EB (Eye Box) represents the sub-eye box surface EB11, R represents row, and C represents column. Similarly, points on the middle first sub-virtual image surface TB21 are labeled. The height of the middle first sub-virtual image surface TB21 can be represented as the distance between the point TB_R1C2 and the point TB_R5C2. TB (Target Image Box) represents the first sub-virtual image surface TB21.

[0072] Please refer to FIG. 19 together. FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a wedge angle scatter data set according to an embodiment of the present application. A connecting line between the vertex on the vertical bisector of the intermediate sub - box surface EB11 and the point TB_R1C2 is defined as the first connecting line, and the combined glass has a first intersection point with the first connecting line. A connecting line between the vertex on the vertical bisector of the intermediate sub - box surface EB11 and the point TB_R5C2 is defined as the second connecting line, and the combined glass has a second intersection point with the second connecting line. The length between the first intersection point and the second intersection point in the direction from the bottom side 10b to the top side 10a is Wm_C1. In FIG. 19, the point TB_R1C2 has R1C2 in the wedge angle scatter data set corresponding to the vertex on the vertical bisector of the intermediate sub - box surface EB11. The point TB_R5C2 has R5C2 in the wedge angle scatter data set corresponding to the vertex on the vertical bisector of the intermediate sub - box surface EB11. The value of Wm_C1 is equal to the difference between the X value of R1C2 and the X value of R5C2.

[0073] When viewed from the position of the vertex on the vertical bisector of the intermediate sub - box surface EB11, there is a corresponding length Wm_C1 in the X - axis direction from the point TB_R1C2 to the point TB_R5C2. When viewed from the position of the bottom point on the vertical bisector of the intermediate sub - box surface EB11, there is a corresponding length Wm_C5 in the X - axis direction from the point TB_R1C2 to the point TB_R5C2. By analogy, another three points are selected between the vertex and the bottom point, and the corresponding lengths Wm_C2, Wm_C3, and Wm_C4 in the X - axis direction from the point TB_R1C2 to the point TB_R5C2 can be observed. Thereby, the corresponding lengths Wm_C1 - Wm_C5 in the block of the wedge angle scatter data set of the height of the intermediate first sub - virtual image surface TB21 are obtained, and hereinafter are abbreviated as Wm_C. Similarly, the corresponding lengths in the block of the wedge angle scatter data set of the height of the upper first sub - virtual image surface TB21 and the lower first sub - virtual image surface TB21 are Wt_C and Ws_C respectively. In the present application, the X - axis is defined as the direction proceeding from the bottom side 10b to the top side 10a of the combined glass.

[0074] In this embodiment, please refer to FIG. 20 together. FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the dividing line of the laminated glass according to an embodiment of the present application. Note that FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the dividing line of the laminated glass 10 from the perspective of looking from the outside of the vehicle to the inside of the vehicle. i indicates the numbered row of the corresponding point on the first sub virtual image plane TB21, and j indicates the numbered column of the corresponding point on the first sub virtual image plane TB21. As shown in FIG. 20, the projection of the width of the first sub virtual image plane TB21 onto the laminated glass 10 has a length in the vertical direction, that is, the width of the first sub virtual image plane TB21 corresponds to a certain length in the block of the wedge angle scatter data set. The connecting line between the vertex on the vertical bisector of the middle sub - iBox plane EB11 and the point TB_R5C2 is defined as the second connecting line, and the laminated glass and the second connecting line have a second intersection point. The connecting line between the vertex on the vertical bisector of the middle sub - iBox plane EB11 and the point TB_R5C3 at the lower right corner (when looking from the inside of the vehicle to the outside) of the middle first sub virtual image plane TB21 is defined as the third connecting line, and the laminated glass and the third connecting line have a third intersection point. In the direction from the bottom side 10b to the upper side 10a, the length between the second intersection point and the third intersection point is Wm_R1. In FIG. 19, the point TB_R5C2 has R5C2 in the wedge angle scatter data set corresponding to the vertex on the vertical bisector of the middle sub - iBox plane EB11. The point TB_R5C3 has R5C3 in the wedge angle scatter data set corresponding to the vertex on the vertical bisector of the middle sub - iBox plane EB11. The value of Wm_R1 is equal to the difference between the X value of R5C2 and the X value of R5C3. The connecting line between the vertex on the vertical bisector of the middle sub - iBox plane EB11 and the point TB_R1C2 is defined as the first connecting line, and the laminated glass and the first connecting line have a first intersection point. The connecting line between the vertex on the vertical bisector of the middle sub - iBox plane EB11 and the point TB_R1C1 at the upper left corner (when looking from the inside of the vehicle to the outside) of the middle first sub virtual image plane TB21 is defined as the fourth connecting line, and the laminated glass and the fourth connecting line have a fourth intersection point. In the direction from the bottom side 10b to the upper side 10a, the length between the first intersection point and the fourth intersection point is Wm_L1. In FIG. 19, the point TB_R1C2 has R1C2 in the wedge angle scatter data set corresponding to the vertex on the vertical bisector of the middle sub - iBox plane EB11.The point TB_R1C1 has R1C1 in the wedge angle scatter data set corresponding to the vertex on the perpendicular bisector of the intermediate sub - box surface EB11. The value of Wm_L1 is equal to the difference between the X value of R1C1 and the X value of R1C2. By analogy, the width of the intermediate first sub - virtual image surface TB21 corresponds to Wm_R1~Wm_R5 and Wm_L1~Wm_L5, which are simplified to Wm_R and Wm_L hereinafter. Similarly, the length of the projection of the width of the upper first sub - virtual image surface TB21 onto the dividing line of the combined glass 10 has Wt_R and Wt_L, and the length of the projection of the width of the lower first sub - virtual image surface TB21 onto the dividing line of the combined glass 10 has Ws_R and Ws_L. In the extending direction of the combined glass 10, the projection lengths of the upper, intermediate, and lower first sub - virtual image surfaces TB21 respectively satisfy the following. [Number] [Number] [Number]

[0075] As can be seen from the above, the height and width of the first sub - virtual image surface TB21 affect the block size of the wedge angle scatter data set. By reducing the height and width of the first virtual image surface TB20, the block of the wedge angle scatter data set can be reduced, an elongated block of the wedge angle scatter data set can be formed, the discrete state of the wedge angle scatter data set is improved, and a better fitting effect of the variable wedge angle curve can be obtained. Among Wm_C, Wm_L, and Wm_R, the proportion occupied by Wm_C is the largest. That is, among the two factors affecting the elongated effect of the scatter diagram of the height and width of the first sub - virtual image surface TB21, the effect of making the scatter diagram elongated by changing the height of the first sub - virtual image surface TB21 can be more easily achieved. Therefore, the ratio of the height to the width is set to 0.5 or less.

[0076] Note that, usually, the height and width of the first sub virtual image plane TB21 are represented by the field of view (FOV), for example, 7°*5°, 9°*4°, 20°*5°. There is a certain conversion formula between the degree of FOV and the standard value of the first sub virtual image plane TB21, which will not be described in detail in this application. Based on the selection of FOV, the setting threshold of the height and the setting threshold of the width of the first sub virtual image plane TB21 can be determined. Thereby, the height and width of the first sub virtual image plane TB21 can be made smaller than the above setting thresholds respectively, so as to improve the discrete state of the wedge angle scatter data set.

[0077] In this embodiment, the ratio of the height to the width of the first virtual image plane TB20 is 0.5 or less, that is, the ratio of the height to the width of the first sub virtual image plane TB21 is 0.5 or less. Specifically, from the perspective of the proportional relationship between the height and the width of the first virtual image plane TB20, the smaller the ratio of the height to the width of the first virtual image plane TB20, the more preferable. At the same time, considering that the application scenario of this application is the windshield 10 of the vehicle and the layout of the display content within the FOV, a display screen with a "wide width and narrow height" is more suitable. Therefore, the ratio of the height to the width of the first virtual image plane TB20 is 0.5 or less.

[0078] As can be understood, in this embodiment, both the height and width of the first virtual image plane TB20 affect the wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape at different positions within the first projection display area 411, and the height of the first virtual image plane TB20 has a greater impact on the wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape at different positions within the first projection display area 411. Since the ratio of the height to the width of the first virtual image plane TB20 is 0.5 or less, the proportion occupied by the height of the first virtual image plane TB20 is greatly reduced, and the discrete state of the wedge angle scatter data set is improved.

[0079] As can be understood, regarding the region of the laminated glass 10 other than the first projection display region 411, in order to smoothly transition between the first projection display region 411 of the laminated glass 10 and other functional regions or boundary portions connected thereto, as shown in FIG. 9, as the transition section of the first change curve L1, a certain length is extended from both ends of the variable wedge angle curve toward both sides. It can be divided into the extension within the section and the extension outside the section. That is, the start point of the extension can be set within the range of the wedge angle scatter data set, or the start point of the extension can be set outside the range of the wedge angle scatter data set.

[0080] Normally, it is preferable to adopt the extension within the section. As shown in FIG. 9, the maximum wedge angle of the wedge angle scatter data set can be made smaller, and the change rate of the wedge angle from the bottom edge 10b of the laminated glass 10 to the position of the maximum wedge angle can be made gentler, which facilitates the manufacture of the laminated glass 10 and can also obtain the effect of reducing the overall thickness of the laminated glass 10.

[0081] Furthermore, in the fitting of the complete variable wedge angle curve from the bottom edge 10b to the upper edge 10a of the laminated glass 10, an appropriate fine adjustment can be made within the tolerance range based on the variable wedge angle curve of each segment to obtain a complete variable wedge angle curve. That is, the final complete variable wedge angle curve may not completely coincide with the curve fitted with the optimal variable wedge angle of each segment. As can be understood, in this embodiment, in order to improve the sub-image situation of the main image and the sub-image when the human eye or the visual system is located outside the above-mentioned eye box plane EB10, the entire laminated glass 10 has a variable wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape.

[0082] In the layout specification of the default projection assembly 20, according to the law of reflection of light, a single ray of light emitted from the first projection light source 211 is reflected by the mirror surface of the projector and the inner surface of the alignment glass 10, and then enters the eye box surface EB10, and this ray of light is unique. Similarly, a single ray of light emitted from the first projection light source 211 is reflected by the mirror surface of the projector and the reflecting surface in the medium of the alignment glass 10, refracted by the inner surface of the alignment glass 10, and enters the eye box surface EB10, and this ray of light is also unique. The two rays of light have an angle referring to the sub-image angle or sub-image. As can be understood, the sub-image can be divided into a horizontal sub-image and a vertical sub-image. The component along the up and down direction of the sub-image with respect to the main image is called the vertical sub-image, and the component along the left and right direction of the sub-image with respect to the main image is called the horizontal sub-image.

[0083] The variable wedge angle referred to in this application includes a vertical variable wedge angle, a horizontal variable wedge angle, and a bidirectional composite variable wedge angle. For the sake of easy understanding, in this application, only the sub-image along the vertical direction and the corresponding wedge angle are described, and the horizontal sub-image and the corresponding wedge angle may be designed with reference to the vertical sub-image and the corresponding wedge angle, but the description is omitted here.

[0084] In one embodiment, the ratio of the height to the width of the first virtual image plane TB20 is 0.05 to 0.4.

[0085] Specifically, the ratio of the height to the width of the first virtual image plane TB20 may be 0.1, 0.13, 0.17, 0.28, 0.37, etc., but this is not limited in this application.

[0086] In one embodiment, the angle formed by the first virtual image plane TB20 and the eye box surface EB10 is 10° or less.

[0087] Specifically, the angle formed between the first virtual image plane TB20 and the eyeglass box plane EB10 refers to the angle formed by the intersection of the two planes where the first virtual image plane TB20 is located and the plane where the eyeglass box plane EB10 is located, and represents the degree of inclination of the projection image formed by the first projection light source 211 on the alignment glass 10. Optionally, the angle formed between the first virtual image plane TB20 and the eyeglass box plane EB10 is 5° or less. Further, the angle formed between the first virtual image plane TB20 and the eyeglass box plane EB10 is 0°, so that the eyeglass box plane EB10 can observe the projection image on the alignment glass 10 at an optimal angle.

[0088] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 8 again, the eyeglass box plane EB10 includes a plurality of sub-eyeglass box planes EB11 arranged sequentially from high to low. The first virtual image plane TB20 includes a plurality of first sub-virtual image planes TB21 arranged sequentially from low to high. Each first sub-virtual image plane TB21 corresponds to one sub-eyeglass box plane EB11. The connecting line between the midpoint of the sub-eyeglass box plane EB11 and the midpoint of the corresponding first sub-virtual image plane TB21 is the principal optical axis. The intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-eyeglass box planes EB11 is located outside the vehicle.

[0089] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the principal optical axis of the upper sub-eyeglass box plane EB11 - the lower first sub-virtual image plane TB21 and the principal optical axis of the middle sub-eyeglass box plane EB11 - the middle first sub-virtual image plane TB21 intersect to form an intersection point a. The principal optical axis of the lower sub-eyeglass box plane EB11 - the upper first sub-virtual image plane TB21 and the principal optical axis of the middle sub-eyeglass box plane EB11 - the middle first sub-virtual image plane TB21 intersect to form an intersection point b. That is, any two adjacent sub-eyeglass box planes EB11, or any two adjacent first sub-virtual image planes TB21 at least partially overlap. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, in the distribution in the horizontal coordinate direction, the blocks of different wedge angle scatter data sets have a large overlapping region and are shifted from each other by a small distance.

[0090] As can be understood, the intersection points a and b are outside the vehicle, and as they are farther away from the combined glass 10, the overlapping part of the wedge angle scatter data sets corresponding to the adjacent first sub virtual image planes TB21 becomes smaller. The blocks of each wedge angle scatter data set exhibit a substantially rhombic shape that slopes higher on the left and lower on the right, forming blocks of more elongated wedge angle scatter data sets.

[0091] As can be understood, since each parameter of the projection assembly 20 directly affects the change of the light rays, it affects the wedge angle for removing the ghost image at the corresponding position of the combined glass 10. In order to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the combined glass 10, while ensuring the imaging quality of the first projection light source 211, by changing each parameter within the projection assembly 20, the maximum local extreme value difference of the wedge angle scatter data set at the corresponding position of the combined glass 10 is reduced.

[0092] Specifically, in the wedge angle scatter data set, the difference between the maximum theoretical wedge angle and the minimum theoretical wedge angle at any position from the combined glass 10 within the first projection display area 411 is referred to as the local extreme value difference, and the maximum local extreme value difference refers to the maximum value among the local extreme value differences. If the maximum local extreme value difference of the wedge angle scatter data set is reduced, the range of the wedge angle scatter data set becomes more "elongated" in FIG. 9, that is, the discreteness degree of the wedge angles at different positions of the combined glass 10 is reduced, and the manufacturing difficulty of the combined glass 10 is also reduced to a certain extent. Bottom edge 10b As can be understood, in this embodiment, by changing each parameter of the projection assembly 20, the maximum local extreme value difference of the wedge angle scatter data set at the corresponding position of the combined glass 10 is reduced, that is, the difference between the wedge angles at different positions of the combined glass 10 is reduced, the manufacturing difficulty of the combined glass 10 is lowered, and the effect of removing the ghost image is good.

[0093] As can be understood, in this embodiment, by changing each parameter of the projection assembly 20, the maximum local extreme value difference of the wedge angle scatter data set at the corresponding position of the combined glass 10 is reduced, that is, the difference between the wedge angles at different positions of the combined glass 10 is reduced, the manufacturing difficulty of the combined glass 10 is lowered, and the effect of removing the ghost image is good.

[0094] Incidentally, the features such as the variable wedge angle related to the first projection display area 411 have been described above. As can be understood, the features such as the variable wedge angle related to the second projection display area 412 are similar to the features such as the variable wedge angle related to the first projection display area 411, and the description thereof will be omitted here.

[0095] In one embodiment, the distance from the intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-eye box surfaces EB11 to the first surface 110 of the alignment glass 10 is 10 mm to 1000 mm.

[0096] Specifically, the distance from the intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-eye box surfaces EB11 to the first surface 110 of the alignment glass 10 may be 40 mm to 800 mm. Further, the distance from the intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-eye box surfaces EB11 to the first surface 110 of the alignment glass 10 may be 100 mm to 600 mm. The present application is not limited thereto.

[0097] In one embodiment, the distance between the intersection of the principal optical axis and the surface of the alignment glass 10 and the midpoint of the corresponding sub-eye box surface EB11 is 0.4 m to 1.2 m.

[0098] Specifically, the distance between the intersection of the principal optical axis and the surface of the alignment glass 10 and the midpoint of the corresponding sub-eye box surface EB11 affects the design of the head-up display system 1. If the distance is too large or too small, the application effect of the head-up display system 1 will deteriorate. In order to more reasonably apply the head-up display system 1 to a vehicle, in this embodiment, the distance between the intersection of the principal optical axis and the surface of the alignment glass 10 and the midpoint of the corresponding sub-eye box surface EB11 is 0.4 m to 1.2 m.

[0099] In one embodiment, the height of the sub-eye box surface EB11 is 40 mm to 60 mm.

[0100] Specifically, the sub-eye box surface EB11 is used to simulate the human eye or visual system. In combination with standards such as SAE J941 and SAE J1757-2, considering the distribution range of the human eyes to be applied and the manufacturing / assembly tolerances of the head-up display system, etc., it can be appropriately adjusted to 40 mm to 60 mm in order to more reasonably apply the head-up display system to the vehicle.

[0101] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 6 again, the distance from the midpoint of the eye box surface EB10 to the midpoint of the first virtual image surface TB20 is the virtual image distance. When the virtual image distance is 2 m to 6 m, the range of the wedge angle of the first projection display area 411 is 0.3 mrad to 0.7 mrad.

[0102] In the present embodiment, referring to FIG. 19 again, when observing the center point of the intermediate first sub-virtual image surface TB21, that is, the point TB_R3C2, from the perpendicular bisector of the intermediate sub-eye box surface EB11, the height of the intermediate sub-eye box surface EB11 has a corresponding length L_mid in the block of the wedge angle scatter data set. As can be understood, the degree of inclination of L_mid also reflects the degree of inclination of the block of the wedge angle scatter data set. The length of the projection of L_mid on the X-axis is calculated based on the following formula.

[0103]

Equation

[0104] When the height of the middle sub - box surface EB11 remains unchanged and its position is fixed, that is, when H_EB and L_G remain unchanged and α remains unchanged, the greater the length of the virtual image distance, the longer L_mid is. Specifically, for example, if the range of L_VID is 2.0 m to 15 m, the range of L_G is 0.4 m to 1.2 m, and the range of H_EB is 40 mm to 60 mm, then the range of the length of the projection of L_mid on the X - axis is generally 16 / sinα to 58 / sinα. When α = 30 deg, the range of the length of the projection of L_mid on the X - axis is 32 mm to 108 mm.

[0105] Similarly, please also refer to FIG. 21. FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a wedge - angle scatter data set according to another embodiment of the present application. Based on the above - mentioned method, the lengths of L_tall and L_short corresponding to the upper sub - box surface EB11 - the lower first sub - virtual image surface TB21 and the lower sub - box surface EB11 - the upper first sub - virtual image surface TB21 can be calculated. Also, when the height of the sub - box surface EB11 remains unchanged and its position is fixed, that is, when H_EB and L_G remain unchanged and α remains unchanged, the greater the length of the virtual image distance, the longer L_tall and L_short are.

[0106] As can be understood, when other conditions are the same, the greater the lengths of L_tall / L_mid / L_short are, the more slender the corresponding block of the wedge - angle scatter data set is, and the smaller the degree of inclination is, which is more suitable for the design of a head - up display system with a variable wedge angle.

[0107] In this embodiment, the virtual image distance is 2 m to 6 m. Optionally, the virtual image distance may be 2 m to 4.5 m, and the present application does not limit this.

[0108] In one embodiment, the distance from the midpoint of the dashboard surface EB10 to the midpoint of the first virtual image surface TB20 is the virtual image distance. When the virtual image distance is between 7 m and 100 m, the range of the wedge angle of the first projection display area 411 is between 0.1 mrad and 0.3 mrad. Specifically, for the relationship between the virtual image distance and the wedge angle of the first projection display area 411, reference can be made to the description of the previous embodiment, and the description is omitted here.

[0109] In this embodiment, the virtual image distance is between 7 m and 100 m. Optionally, the virtual image distance may be between 7 m and 75 m, and the present application does not limit this.

[0110] The vehicle body coordinates described in the present application, and the XY plane, XZ plane, and XY plane of the vehicle body coordinates are all formulated based on the Chinese national standard GB9656 - 2003.

[0111] In one embodiment, the radius of curvature R along the vertical direction and / or the horizontal direction within the projection display area 410 changes monotonically, and the change rate of the radius of curvature R is between -20% and +20%.

[0112] Specifically, the change rate of the radius of curvature R may be -20%, -18%, -16%, -14%, -12%, -10%, -8%, -6%, -4%, -2%, 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, but is not limited thereto. When there is a certain change rate in the radius of curvature R in the vertical direction, the wedge angles for avoiding secondary images at different positions of the projection display area 410 also change. As a result, the discrete state of the wedge angle scatter data set tends to increase significantly, and the manufacturing difficulty and process cost of the laminated glass 10 of the present application increase significantly. The change rate of the radius of curvature R within the effective area of the projection light rays emitted from the projection light source 201 = (maximum radius - minimum radius) / maximum radius × 100%. In the projection display area 410 of the present application, according to the preset wedge angle parameters and change trends, the difference in wedge angles at different positions of the projection display area 410 becomes smaller, and the change rate of the wedge angle shows a change trend of becoming non-linearly smaller. The laminated glass 10 of the present application has low manufacturing difficulty and good secondary image removal effect.

[0113] Please refer to FIG. 22 together. FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a curve in which the wedge angle changes according to the virtual image distance with different vertical radii of curvature according to an embodiment of the present application. The mounting angle of the glass is 26.1 deg. Specifically, FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the influence of parameters such as the projection optical path and the curvature of the glass surface on the secondary image using a point on the eye box surface EB10 and the first virtual image surface TB20. In the projection optical path, the eye box surface EB10 corresponds to the first virtual image surface TB20. When the nominal thickness of the glass, the mounting angle of the glass, the horizontal radius of curvature, the downward viewing angle, the look over angle, and the viewing range are all the same, the wedge angle that can avoid the secondary image is simulated based on different vertical radii of curvature R and different virtual image distances VID. As shown in FIG. 22, when the virtual image distance VID of the combined glass 10 is the same, as the vertical radius of curvature R increases, the wedge angle when the images viewed on the plurality of eye box surfaces EB10 do not have a secondary image becomes smaller. By increasing the vertical radius of curvature R, the wedge angle for removing the secondary image can be reduced, and the discrete state of the wedge angle scatter data set can be improved.

[0114] The mounting angle of the glass is a parameter representing the degree of inclination of the glass. When the glass is applied to a vehicle, it always has a curved surface. The angle formed by the chord of the intersection line of the XZ plane in the vehicle body coordinates and the glass surface and the horizontal plane is the mounting angle of the glass.

[0115] As can be understood, the relationship between the horizontal radius of curvature R and the wedge angle for removing the secondary image can refer to the relationship between the vertical radius of curvature R and the wedge angle for removing the secondary image, and the description is omitted here.

[0116] Referring again to FIG. 22, in one embodiment, the radius of curvature R along the longitudinal direction is 5000 mm or more. Optionally, the radius of curvature R along the longitudinal direction described in the present application may be, for example, 5000 mm, 5100 mm, 5200 mm, 5300 mm, 5400 mm, 5500 mm, 5600 mm, 5700 mm, 5800 mm, 5900 mm, 6000 mm, etc., but is not limited thereto. In one embodiment, the radius of curvature R along the transverse direction is 1500 mm to 4000 mm. Optionally, the radius of curvature R along the transverse direction described in the present application may be, for example, 1500 mm, 1800 mm, 2100 mm, 2400 mm, 2700 mm, 3000 mm, 3300 mm, 3600 mm, 3900 mm, 4000 mm, etc., but is not limited thereto. When the laminated glass 10 is used as a vehicle windshield, the laminated glass 10 has a longitudinal radius of curvature R along the direction from the bottom side 10b to the upper side 10a and a transverse radius of curvature R from one side edge of the glass to the other side edge. Since the value of the radius of curvature at a certain position on the laminated glass 10 affects the imaging of the projection display area 410 to some extent at that position, it affects the wedge angle set to remove the secondary image of the projection display area 410 at this position. In some embodiments, in the first change curve L1 of the laminated glass 10, when the longitudinal radius of curvature R is the same and the longitudinal radius of curvature R is 5000 mm or more, and / or when the transverse radius of curvature R is the same and the transverse radius of curvature R is 1500 mm to 4000 mm, the influence received by the wedge angle of the projection display area 410 for removing the secondary image becomes smaller.

[0117] In one embodiment, when the virtual image distance VID is the same, as the vertical radius of curvature R of the glass surface increases, the rate of change of the corresponding wedge angle is not obvious. When R ≥ 5000 mm, the rate of change is almost constant. When the vertical radius of curvature R is the same, as the virtual image distance VID increases, the increasing rate of the corresponding wedge angle gradually decreases. When the virtual image distance VID ≥ 5000 mm, the rate of change of the wedge angle is greater than -0.2 mrad / 1000 mm. Increasing the virtual image distance VID makes the increasing rate of the wedge angle gentler, thereby improving the discrete state of the wedge angle scatter data set. If the slope of the first change curve L1 is too large, the difficulty of the production process will increase. Therefore, a gentler increasing rate of the wedge angle is more preferable. Optionally, the increasing rate of the wedge angle is -0.5 mrad / 1000 mm or more. Preferably, the increasing rate K of the wedge angle is -0.2 mrad / 1000 mm or more.

[0118] In one embodiment, please refer to FIG. 23. FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing the change of the wedge angle according to the first downward viewing angle with different vertical radii of curvature and different virtual image distances according to an embodiment of the present application. The mounting angle of the glass is 26.1 deg. FIG. 23 shows the relationship between the first downward viewing angle LDA1 and the wedge angle. The first downward viewing angle LDA1 is the angle formed by the connecting line between the center point of each sub-eye box surface EB11 viewed from the eye box surface EB10 and the center point of the corresponding first sub-virtual image surface TB21 and the vehicle body coordinate XY plane. The downward direction (-Z axis) is a negative value, and conversely, it is a positive value.

[0119] In one embodiment, when the vertical radius of curvature R and the virtual image distance VID of the laminated glass 10 are constant, as the first downward viewing angle LDA1 increases, the wedge angle when the images viewed from the plurality of sub - box surfaces EB11 have no secondary images increases accordingly. Similarly, the first downward viewing angles LDA1 of the first sub - box surface EB12, the second sub - box surface EB13, and the third sub - box surface EB14 in the same group show an increasing trend, and the wedge angles for removing secondary images also show an increasing trend, that is, the wedge angle corresponding to the optical path of the first sub - box surface EB12 < the wedge angle corresponding to the optical path of the second sub - box surface EB13 < the wedge angle corresponding to the optical path of the third sub - box surface EB14. When the difference ΔLDA1 between the first downward viewing angle of the third sub - box surface EB14 and the first downward viewing angle of the first sub - box surface EB12 is 6 deg (R = 10000 mm, VID = 2000 mm), the difference in wedge angles is about 0.1 mrad. Therefore, in the present application, by limiting the range of the first downward viewing angle LDA1 to - 8° ≦ LDA 1 ≦ 0°, it is ensured that the increasing trend of the wedge angle is gentle, and the discrete state of the wedge angle scatter data set is improved.

[0120] Similarly, the range of the second downward viewing angle LDA2 can also refer to the range of the first downward viewing angle LDA1, but the description is omitted here.

[0121] In one embodiment, the laminated glass 10 has a functional region for transmitting the signals of the sensor, and the functional region has a wedge - shaped cross - sectional shape in which the wedge angle is constant or the wedge angle changes linearly.

[0122] Examples of sensors include cameras, lidars, etc. In the functional area through which the signals of sensors such as cameras and lidars pass, the wedge-shaped intermediate adhesive layer can also be used to optimize the projection ghost problem of the corresponding sensor. The wedge-shaped intermediate adhesive layer in the functional area has a fixed wedge angle or a wedge angle with a fixed inclination. Since the wedge angle in this area is a fixed value or adopts a change curve that satisfies a linear simple function, the production management control of the wedge angle can be facilitated.

[0123] In one embodiment, a heat-insulating coating is provided on the second surface 120 and / or the third surface 210. The heat-insulating coating includes at least one metal layer and at least two dielectric layers. Each metal layer is located between two adjacent dielectric layers.

[0124] Specifically, the heat-insulating coating is used to block the intrusion of heat from the outside into the vehicle by reflecting the infrared rays outside the vehicle, thereby controlling the temperature inside the vehicle well. In other possible embodiments, the heat-insulating coating may be provided at other positions of the laminated glass 10, and it should be understood that the present application is not limited thereto.

[0125] In one embodiment, a first bus bar and a second bus bar electrically connected to the heat-insulating coating are further provided between the second surface 120 and the third surface 210. The heat-insulating coating has a heating power density of at least 600 W / m2 between the first bus bar and the second bus bar.

[0126] The first bus bar and the second bus bar are each electrically connected to the heat-insulating coating. When the first bus bar and the second bus bar are energized, the heat-insulating coating generates heat and can reach a heating power density of at least 600 W / m2, thereby heating the laminated glass 10 to remove frost, fog, snow, etc., and ensuring a clear view for the driver in bad weather.

[0127] In one embodiment, an anti-reflection coating or a fingerprint-proof coating is provided on the fourth surface 220. As can be understood, since the fourth surface 220 is located on the vehicle interior side, the anti-reflection coating prevents the reflection of the meter panel from being clearly visible on the laminated glass 10, and when a person in the vehicle looks out of the vehicle, the person can observe more clearly. The fingerprint-proof coating can ensure the cleanliness of the laminated glass 10, making it difficult for dirt marks such as fingerprints to remain, thereby ensuring a clear field of view for the driver.

[0128] Please refer to FIGS. 24, 25 and 26 together. FIG. 24 is a flowchart of a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of the design method of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 24. FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of a first change curve in the design method of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 24. In the present embodiment, the design method of the head-up display system 1 includes the following content. Design an eyebox plane EB10 located in the vehicle according to the observer in the vehicle. Hereinafter, taking the first projection display area 411 as an example, design a virtual image plane (the first virtual image plane TB20) based on the projection images (the first projection image 4111) observed by the observer in the vehicle through each projection display area 410 (the first projection display area 411).

[0129] The eyepiece surface EB10 includes a plurality of sub-eyepiece surfaces EB11 arranged sequentially from high to low, and the first virtual image surface TB20 includes a plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces (the first sub-virtual image surface TB21) arranged sequentially from low to high. Each first sub-virtual image surface TB21 corresponds to one sub-eyepiece surface EB11. Select an observation dot matrix EB111 on each sub-eyepiece surface EB11, and select a virtual image dot matrix (the first virtual image dot matrix TB211) on each first sub-virtual image surface TB21. The connection line between the points in the observation dot matrix EB111 and the points in the first virtual image dot matrix TB211 passes through the corresponding first projection display area 411, and the intersection of this connection line and the first projection display area 411 is the incident point. Based on the projection assembly 20, the combining glass 10, and a plurality of connection lines, calculate a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles of the combining glass 10 when the first projection image 4111 has no secondary image at the corresponding incident point. Based on the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each first theoretical wedge angle to the bottom edge 10b of the combining glass, perform fitting to obtain a first change curve L1 of the wedge angle according to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 10b of the combining glass. Based on the first change curve L1, determine the wedge angle of the combining glass 10 in the corresponding first projection display area 411.

[0130] In this embodiment, the combining glass 10 is used as the front glass of the vehicle and is applied to the vehicle head-up display system 1. The design method of the combining glass 10 includes S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16, and S17. Hereinafter, S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16, and S17 will be described in detail.

[0131] S11: Provide a projection assembly 20 and a combining glass 10, and make the projection light rays emitted from the projection assembly 20 incident on at least one projection display area 410 of the combining glass 10.

[0132] S12: Design the eyepiece surface EB10 located inside the vehicle based on the observer inside the vehicle.

[0133] S13: Design a virtual image plane based on the projected images observed by the observers inside the vehicle through the respective projection display areas 410.

[0134] In this embodiment, the instrument panel surface EB10 includes a plurality of sub-instrument panel surfaces EB11 arranged in sequence from high to low. The first virtual image plane TB20 includes a plurality of first sub-virtual image surfaces TB21 arranged in sequence from low to high. Each of the first sub-virtual image surfaces TB21 corresponds to one sub-instrument panel surface EB11. Specifically, the instrument panel surface EB10 is used to simulate the plane where the eyes of the observer sitting in the driver's cab of the vehicle are located. The plurality of sub-instrument panel surfaces EB11 are used to simulate the eyes of the observer being at different heights, that is, the plurality of sub-instrument panel surfaces EB11 are used to simulate different viewing angles of the observer. The first virtual image plane TB20 is used to simulate the virtual image formed on the other side of the combining glass 10 when the projection light is reflected by the instrument panel surface EB10 on the combining glass 10. The plurality of First sub virtual image plane TB21 are used to simulate the virtual images formed on the other side of the combining glass 10 when the projection light is reflected by the plurality of sub-instrument panel surfaces EB11 at different positions on the combining glass 10. Specifically, the plurality of sub-instrument panel surfaces EB11 and the plurality of first sub-virtual image surfaces TB21 exhibit a central symmetry relationship in terms of height correspondence. That is, the sub-instrument panel surface EB11 with the highest height corresponds to the first sub-virtual image surface TB21 with the lowest height, and the sub-instrument panel surface EB11 with the lowest height corresponds to the first sub-virtual image surface TB21 with the highest height.

[0135] S14: Select an observation dot matrix EB111 on each sub-instrument panel surface EB11 and select a virtual image dot matrix on each sub-virtual image surface. The connecting line between the points in the observation dot matrix EB111 and the points in the virtual image dot matrix passes through the corresponding projection display area 410, and the intersection of this connecting line and the projection display area 410 is the incident point.

[0136] In this embodiment, each point of the observation dot matrix EB111 corresponds to a position that simulates the observer's eyes. Each point of the first virtual image dot matrix TB211 corresponds to a virtual image formed on the first virtual image plane TB20 by simulating that the projection light beam is reflected by the alignment glass 10 to a certain point on the eye box plane EB10. Specifically, each point of the first virtual image dot matrix TB211 corresponds to one or more points in the observation dot matrix EB111. That is, the observer can see the virtual image at the same position on the first virtual image plane TB20 at different positions on the eye box plane EB10. Also, the observer can see the virtual images at different positions on the first virtual image plane TB20 at the same position on the eye box plane EB10.

[0137] S15: Based on the projection assembly 20, the alignment glass 10, and the plurality of connecting lines, calculate a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles of the alignment glass when the projection image has no secondary image at the corresponding incident points.

[0138] In this embodiment, on the correspondingly provided sub-eye box plane EB11 and the first sub-virtual image plane TB21, the connecting lines formed by connecting each point of the observation dot matrix EB111 and each point of the first virtual image dot matrix TB211 have intersections with the alignment glass 10, and the intersections are the incident points. Calculate the first theoretical wedge angle value at the incident point when the virtual image on the first sub-virtual image plane TB21 seen by the observer at each point in the observation dot matrix EB111 has no secondary image. The number of incident points used in the simulation calculation is the same as the number of the first theoretical wedge angle values.

[0139] S16: Based on the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the distances from the incident points corresponding to each of the first theoretical wedge angles to the bottom edge 10b of the alignment glass, perform fitting to obtain a first change curve L1 of the wedge angle according to the distance to the bottom edge 10b of the alignment glass.

[0140] In this embodiment, the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles exhibit a discrete distribution according to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 10b of the alignment glass 10. Specifically, in one embodiment, for each corresponding sub-eye box surface EB11 and the first sub-virtual image surface TB21, a sub-discrete diagram T11 of one of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles can be calculated, and the plurality of sub-discrete diagrams T11 are integrated in the same coordinate system to form a first discrete diagram T10. The first change curve is obtained by performing function fitting on the first discrete diagram T10 of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles. For example, the function may be a cubic, quartic, or quintic polynomial function, or a basic function such as an exponential function, a power function, or a logarithmic function, and a composite function composed of these, but is not limited thereto. The data curve fitting process can be performed using software such as Microsoft Excel, WPS, MATLAB, or OriginPro. Since the observer can see a plurality of images at different distances or angles at a certain point on the alignment glass 10, there are a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles at this point. However, the wedge angle at a certain point on the alignment glass 10 can only be one value. Also, along the direction from the bottom edge to the upper edge of the alignment glass 10, there are also a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles at other points having the same distance to the bottom edge as this point, but it is suitable that the wedge angle at a point on the alignment glass 10 having a certain distance to the bottom edge 10b is one value. Therefore, in order to weaken the secondary image phenomenon, it is necessary to appropriately select the wedge angle at each incident point on the alignment glass 10. By performing function fitting on the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles, the deviation between the wedge angle in the first projection display area 411 of the alignment glass 10 and the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles can be made smaller, the secondary image phenomenon of the image projected in the first projection display area 411 of the alignment glass 10 can be weakened, and the imaging quality of the alignment glass 10 can be improved. In another embodiment, for the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles at each incident point, the average value of the maximum value and the minimum value among the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles at this point is selected, and then the average values of the maximum value and the minimum value among the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles at each incident point are connected to form a first change curve L1.

[0141] S17: Based on the first change curve L1, determine the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the corresponding projection display area 410.

[0142] In this embodiment, by determining the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the corresponding first projection display area 411 according to the first change curve L1, the secondary image phenomenon in the first projection display area 411 of the alignment glass 10 is weakened. Specifically, by selecting and designing the first virtual image plane TB20, calculate the distribution of a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles in the first projection display area 411 of the alignment glass 10, fit them to obtain the first change curve L1 corresponding to the first projection display area 411, and the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the corresponding first projection display area 411 can be determined.

[0143] Please refer to FIG. 27. FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of the eyebox plane and the first virtual image plane in the design method of the head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG. 24. In this embodiment, the eyebox plane EB10 includes a first sub-eyebox plane EB12, a second sub-eyebox plane EB13, and a third sub-eyebox plane EB14 that are sequentially arranged from high to low. The plurality of first sub-virtual image planes TB21 include a first low virtual image plane TB22, a first middle virtual image plane TB23, and a first high virtual image plane TB24 that are sequentially arranged from low to high. "Selecting the observation dot matrix EB111 on each sub-eyebox plane EB11 and selecting the virtual image dot matrix on each sub-virtual image plane" includes the following content. Select the first sub-observation dot matrix EB121: m1*n1 on the first sub-eyebox plane EB12, select the second sub-observation dot matrix EB131: m2*n2 on the second sub-eyebox plane EB13, and select the third sub-observation dot matrix EB141: m3*n3 on the third sub-eyebox plane EB14. m1, m2, and m3 are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1, and n1, n2, and n3 are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1. Select the first low virtual image dot matrix TB221: i1*j1 on the first low virtual image plane TB22, select the first middle virtual image dot matrix TB231: i2*j2 on the first middle virtual image plane TB23, and select the first high virtual image dot matrix TB241: i3*j3 on the first high virtual image plane TB24. i1, i2, and i3 are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1, and j1, j2, and j3 are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.

[0144] In this embodiment, the dashboard surface EB10 includes a first sub-dashboard surface EB12, a second sub-dashboard surface EB13, and a third sub-dashboard surface EB14 that are sequentially arranged from high to low. That is, by simplifying the positions of the observer's eyes in the driver's cab to positions at three heights: high, medium, and low, the design method of the head-up display system 1 is simplified. Although the calculation accuracy can be improved by selecting more dashboard surfaces EB10, selecting more dashboard surfaces EB10 increases the number of sub-discrete diagrams T11 of a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles, and increases the calculation amount and difficulty of fitting to obtain the first change curve L1.

[0145] In this embodiment, step S14 in the above embodiment specifically includes S141 and S142. Next, steps S141 and S142 will be described in detail.

[0146] S141: Select a first sub-observation dot matrix EB121: m1*n1 on the first sub-dashboard surface EB12, select a second sub-observation dot matrix EB131: m2*n2 on the second sub-dashboard surface EB13, and select a third sub-observation dot matrix EB141: m3*n3 on the third sub-dashboard surface EB14. m1, m2, and m3 are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1, and n1, n2, and n3 are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1.

[0147] In this embodiment, a first sub-observation dot matrix EB121:m1*n1 is selected on the first sub-box surface EB12. Here, m1 satisfies m1≧1 and is a natural number, and n1 satisfies n1≧1 and is a natural number. For example, m1 may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. n1 may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. A second sub-observation dot matrix EB131:m2*n2 is selected on the second sub-box surface EB13. Here, m2 satisfies m2≧1 and is a natural number, and n2 satisfies n2≧1 and is a natural number. For example, m2 may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. n2 may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. Here, m2 may be the same as or different from m1, and n2 may be the same as or different from n1. A third sub-observation dot matrix EB141:m3*n3 is selected on the third sub-box surface EB14. Here, m3 satisfies m3≧1 and is a natural number, and n3 satisfies n3≧1 and is a natural number. For example, m3 may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. n3 may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. m3 may be the same as or different from m1 and m2. n3 may be the same as or different from n1 and n2.

[0148] S142: Select a first low virtual image dot matrix TB221:i1*j1 on the first low virtual image surface TB22, select a first middle virtual image dot matrix TB231:i2*j2 on the first middle virtual image surface TB23, and select a first high virtual image dot matrix TB241:i3*j3 on the first high virtual image surface TB24. i1, i2, and i3 are all natural numbers of 1 or more, and j1, j2, and j3 are all natural numbers of 1 or more.

[0149] In this embodiment, a first low virtual image dot matrix TB221:i1*j1 is selected on the first low virtual image plane TB22. Here, i1 satisfies i1≧1 and is a natural number, and j1 satisfies j1≧1 and is a natural number. For example, i1 may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. j1 may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. A first middle virtual image dot matrix TB231:i2*j2 is selected on the first middle virtual image plane TB23. Here, i2 satisfies i2≧1 and is a natural number, and j2 satisfies j2≧1 and is a natural number. For example, i2 may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. j2 may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. Here, i2 may be the same as or different from i1, and j2 may be the same as or different from j1. A first high virtual image dot matrix TB241:i3*j3 is selected on the first high virtual image plane TB24. Here, i3 satisfies i3≧1 and is a natural number, and j3 satisfies j3≧1 and is a natural number. For example, i3 may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. j3 may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. i3 may be the same as or different from i1 and i2. j3 may be the same as or different from j1 and j2. Note that i1*j1 may be the same as or different from m1*n1. i2*j2 may be the same as or different from m2*n2. i3*j3 may be the same as or different from m3*n3.

[0150] Please refer to FIG. 28. FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of a first change curve calculated by a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, "calculating a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles of the collimating glass when the projected image has no secondary image at the corresponding incident point based on the projection assembly 20, the collimating glass 10, and a plurality of connecting lines" includes the following content. Based on the projection assembly 20, the collimating glass 10, and the connecting lines between the points of the first sub-observation dot matrix EB121 and the points of the first low virtual image dot matrix TB221, when the first projected image 4111 has no secondary image at the incident point corresponding to the connecting line between the points of the first sub-observation dot matrix EB121 and the points of the first low virtual image dot matrix TB221, a plurality of first sub-theoretical wedge angles of the collimating glass 10 are calculated. Based on the projection assembly 20, the collimating glass 10, and the connecting lines between the points of the second sub-observation dot matrix EB131 and the points of the first middle virtual image dot matrix TB231, when the first projected image 4111 has no secondary image at the incident point corresponding to the connecting line between the points of the second sub-observation dot matrix EB131 and the points of the first middle virtual image dot matrix TB231, a plurality of second sub-theoretical wedge angles of the collimating glass 10 are calculated. Then, based on the projection assembly 20, the collimating glass 10, and the connecting lines between the points of the third sub-observation dot matrix EB141 and the points of the first high virtual image dot matrix TB241, when the first projected image 4111 has no secondary image at the incident point corresponding to the connecting line between the points of the third sub-observation dot matrix EB141 and the points of the first high virtual image dot matrix TB241, a plurality of third sub-theoretical wedge angles of the collimating glass 10 are calculated.

[0151] In this embodiment, step S15 in the above embodiment specifically includes S151, S152, and S153. Next, steps S151, S152, and S153 will be described in detail.

[0152] S151: Based on the projection assembly 20, the alignment glass 10, and the connecting lines between the points of the first sub-observation dot matrix EB121 and the points of the first low virtual image dot matrix TB221, calculate a plurality of first sub-theoretical wedge angles of the alignment glass 10 when the projected image has no secondary image at the incident points corresponding to the connecting lines between the points of the first sub-observation dot matrix EB121 and the points of the first low virtual image dot matrix TB221.

[0153] In this embodiment, based on the plurality of first sub-theoretical wedge angles, a first sub-discrete diagram T12 of the plurality of first sub-theoretical wedge angles and the distance to the bottom edge 10b of the alignment glass can be obtained.

[0154] S152: Based on the projection assembly 20, the alignment glass 10, and the connecting lines between the points of the second sub-observation dot matrix EB131 and the points of the first middle virtual image dot matrix TB231, calculate a plurality of second sub-theoretical wedge angles of the alignment glass 10 when the projected image has no secondary image at the incident points corresponding to the connecting lines between the points of the second sub-observation dot matrix EB131 and the points of the first middle virtual image dot matrix TB231.

[0155] In this embodiment, based on the plurality of second sub-theoretical wedge angles, a second sub-discrete diagram T13 of the plurality of second sub-theoretical wedge angles and the distance to the bottom edge 10b of the alignment glass can be obtained.

[0156] S153: Based on the projection assembly 20, the alignment glass 10, and the connecting lines between the points of the third sub-observation dot matrix EB141 and the points of the first high virtual image dot matrix TB241, calculate a plurality of third sub-theoretical wedge angles of the alignment glass 10 when the projected image has no secondary image at the incident points corresponding to the connecting lines between the points of the third sub-observation dot matrix EB141 and the points of the first high virtual image dot matrix TB241.

[0157] In this embodiment, based on a plurality of third sub-theoretical wedge angles, a third sub-discrete diagram T14 of the distance from the plurality of third sub-theoretical wedge angles to the bottom edge 10b of the alignment glass can be obtained.

[0158] In this embodiment, first, a first sub-discrete diagram T12, a second sub-discrete diagram T13, and a third sub-discrete diagram T14 are calculated, and then the first sub-discrete diagram T12, the second sub-discrete diagram T13, and the third sub-discrete diagram T14 are integrated into a first discrete diagram T10. By separately performing optimization suitable for the purpose on the first sub-discrete diagram T12, the second sub-discrete diagram T13, and the third sub-discrete diagram T14, the first discrete diagram T10 can be optimized. For example, the second sub-eye box surface EB13 corresponding to the second sub-discrete diagram T13 is for simulating the viewing angle surface of the eyes of an observer at a medium height in the driver's cab. Usually, since the second sub-eye box surface EB13 is at the height most common to the height at which the observer is sitting in the driver's cab, it is the eye box surface EB10 where the removal of the projected secondary image is most necessary. Therefore, by performing optimization suitable for the purpose on the second sub-discrete diagram T13, the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 corresponding to the second sub-eye box surface EB13 can be selected more accurately. For example, by increasing the number of selections of the midpoints of the second sub-observation dot matrix EB131 and / or the first intermediate virtual image dot matrix TB231, the number of third sub-theoretical wedge angles in the second sub-discrete diagram T13 can be increased, and the accuracy of the fitted first change curve L1 can be improved.

[0159] Referring to FIG. 28 again, in this embodiment, the ratio of the maximum local extreme value difference ΔW of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles to the overall extreme value difference ΔC of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles satisfies ΔW / ΔC≦0.9.

[0160] In this embodiment, by satisfying ΔW / ΔC≤0.9, where ΔW is the maximum local extreme value difference of a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and ΔC is the overall extreme value difference of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles, the discreteness of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles can be made lower, the discreteness of the first discrete diagram T10 can be made lower, the smoothness of the first change curve L1 can be enhanced, that is, the slope of the first change curve L1 can be decreased, thereby reducing the change rate of the wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 and reducing the production difficulty of the laminated glass 10. Note that the maximum local extreme value difference ΔW of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles refers to the maximum value among the local extreme value differences. The local extreme value difference means the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles at a position where the distance to the bottom edge 10b of the laminated glass is X. The overall extreme value difference ΔC of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles means the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among all the first theoretical wedge angles.

[0161] The ratio of the maximum local extreme value difference ΔW1 of the plurality of first sub-theoretical wedge angles to the overall extreme value difference ΔC of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles satisfies ΔW1 / ΔC≤0.9. The ratio of the maximum local extreme value difference ΔW2 of the plurality of second sub-theoretical wedge angles to the overall extreme value difference ΔC of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles satisfies ΔW2 / ΔC≤0.9. The ratio of the maximum local extreme value difference ΔW3 of the plurality of third sub-theoretical wedge angles to the overall extreme value difference ΔC of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles satisfies ΔW3 / ΔC≤0.9. Thereby, the discreteness of the first discrete diagram T10 can be made lower, the smoothness of the first change curve L1 can be enhanced, that is, the slope of the first change curve L1 can be decreased, thereby reducing the change rate of the wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 and reducing the production difficulty of the laminated glass 10.

[0162] In this embodiment, by satisfying ΔW1 / ΔC ≤ 0.9, where ΔW1 is the maximum local extreme value difference of a plurality of first sub-theoretical wedge angles and ΔC is the overall extreme value difference of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles, the dispersion degree of the plurality of first sub-theoretical wedge angles can be made lower. The maximum local extreme value difference ΔW1 of the plurality of first sub-theoretical wedge angles refers to the maximum value among the first sub-local extreme value differences. The first sub-local extreme value difference means the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among the plurality of first sub-theoretical wedge angles at a position where the distance to the bottom edge 10b of the laminated glass is X1.

[0163] In this embodiment, by satisfying ΔW2 / ΔC ≤ 0.9, where ΔW2 is the maximum local extreme value difference of a plurality of second sub-theoretical wedge angles and ΔC is the overall extreme value difference of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles, the dispersion degree of the plurality of second sub-theoretical wedge angles can be made lower. The maximum local extreme value difference ΔW2 of the plurality of second sub-theoretical wedge angles refers to the maximum value among the second sub-local extreme value differences. The second sub-local extreme value difference means the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among the plurality of second sub-theoretical wedge angles at a position where the distance to the bottom edge 10b of the laminated glass is X2.

[0164] In this embodiment, by satisfying ΔW3 / ΔC ≤ 0.9, where ΔW3 is the maximum local extreme value difference of a plurality of third sub-theoretical wedge angles and ΔC is the overall extreme value difference of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles, the dispersion degree of the plurality of third sub-theoretical wedge angles can be made lower. The maximum local extreme value difference ΔW3 of the plurality of third sub-theoretical wedge angles refers to the maximum value among the third sub-local extreme value differences. The third sub-local extreme value difference means the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among the plurality of third sub-theoretical wedge angles at a position where the distance to the bottom edge 10b of the laminated glass is X3.

[0165] In one embodiment, the distance between the plurality of virtual image planes (the first virtual image plane TB20) and the eyeglass box plane EB10 gradually increases in the direction from the bottom edge 10b to the upper edge 10a of the laminated glass 10.

[0166] In this embodiment, the distance between the plurality of first virtual image planes TB20 and the eyebox plane EB10 gradually increases in the direction from the bottom side 10b to the upper side 10a of the alignment glass 10. Accordingly, by providing a plurality of first projection display regions 411 on the alignment glass 10, when the observer is sitting in the driver's cab, the line of sight can shift more smoothly between the plurality of first projection display regions 411.

[0167] Please refer to FIG. 29. FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of the optimized design of two first change curves in the design method of the head-up display system according to an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the projection display region 410 includes at least two first projection display regions 411, and at least two first change curves L1 of the wedge angle that fit and follow the distance from the incident point to the bottom side 10b of the alignment glass are obtained. When the maximum deviation value ΔXmax between two adjacent first change curves L1 is greater than 0.15 mrad, after "determining the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the corresponding first projection display region 411 based on the first change curve L1", the design method of the head-up display system 1 further includes the following content. Adjust the distance between the eyebox plane EB10 and the virtual image plane (the first virtual image plane TB20) corresponding to one of the two adjacent first change curves L1. Recalculate a new plurality of first theoretical wedge angles. Based on the new plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each first theoretical wedge angle to the bottom side 10b of the alignment glass, a new first change curve L1 of the wedge angle that follows the distance from the incident point to the bottom side 10b of the alignment glass is obtained. Determine whether the maximum deviation value ΔXmax between the new first change curve L1 and the other of the two adjacent first change curves L1 is greater than 0.15 mrad. If it is greater than 0.15 mrad, repeat the above operation. If it is not greater than 0.15 mrad, determine the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the corresponding first projection display region 411 based on the new first change curve L1.

[0168] In this embodiment, two adjacent first change curves L1 are On the X-axisWhen there is an overlapping part, the maximum deviation value ΔXmax is equal to the maximum value among the differences between two first change curves L1 in the overlapping part. Of the wedge angle When two adjacent first change curves L1 On the X-axis do not have an overlapping part, the maximum deviation value ΔXmax is equal to the difference between the wedge angles at the closest ends of the two first change curves L1.

[0169] When the maximum deviation value ΔXmax is greater than 0.15 mrad, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the first virtual image surface TB20 corresponding to any one of two adjacent first change curves L1, thereby adjusting the maximum deviation value ΔXmax of the designed two first change curves L1 to be 0.15 mrad or less, or 0.10 mrad or less, or 0.08 mrad or less, or 0.05 mrad or less.

[0170] Specifically, after "determining the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the corresponding first projection display area 411 based on the first change curve L1", Head-up display system 1 the design method further includes S18, S19, S20, S21 and S22. Next, steps S18, S19, S20, S21 and S22 will be described in detail.

[0171] S18: Adjust the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface corresponding to one of two adjacent first change curves L1.

[0172] By adjusting the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the first virtual image surface TB20 corresponding to one of two adjacent first change curves L1, the wedge angle for removing the secondary image can be adjusted. Under the same conditions, the greater the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the first virtual image surface TB20 corresponding to one of two adjacent first change curves L1, the smaller the wedge angle for eliminating the secondary image. In this embodiment, increase the distance between the first virtual image surface TB20 corresponding to one first change curve L1 (see L11 in FIG. 29 and the eye box surface EB10, and / or the other first change curve L1 (FIG. 29By reducing the distance between the first virtual image plane TB20 corresponding to the reference of L12 (see Fig. 2) and the eyepiece box plane EB10, the two adjacent first change curves L1 are made closer to the design target.

[0173] S19: Recalculate a plurality of new first theoretical wedge angles.

[0174] In this embodiment, after adjusting the distance between the first virtual image plane TB20 and the eyepiece box plane EB10, a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles calculated by the calculation method of the above embodiment can be fitted to obtain a first change curve L1 closer to the design target.

[0175] S20: Based on a plurality of new first theoretical wedge angles and the distances from the incident points corresponding to the respective first theoretical wedge angles to the bottom edge 10b of the alignment glass, fit to obtain a new first change curve L1 of the wedge angle that follows the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 10b of the alignment glass.

[0176] S21: Determine whether the maximum deviation value ΔXmax between the new first change curve L1 and the other of the two adjacent first change curves L1 is greater than 0.15 mrad.

[0177] In this embodiment, it is determined whether the maximum deviation value ΔXmax between the new first change curve L1 and the other of the two adjacent first change curves L1 is greater than 0.15 mrad. If it is greater than 0.15 mrad, steps S18 to S21 are repeated. If it is not greater than 0.15 mrad, proceed to step S22.

[0178] S22: Based on the new first change curve L1, determine the wedge angle of the alignment glass in the corresponding first projection display area 411.

[0179] Please refer to FIG. 30. FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of a second change curve calculated by a design method of a head-up display system according to an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the plurality of projection display areas 410 includes at least one second projection display area 412, and a second virtual image plane TB30 is designed based on a second projection image 4121 observed by an observer in the vehicle through each second projection display area 412. The second virtual image plane TB 30 includes a plurality of second sub-virtual image planes TB31 sequentially arranged from a lower position to a higher position, and each second sub-virtual image plane TB31 corresponds to one sub-eye box plane EB11. An observation dot matrix EB111 is selected on each sub-eye box plane EB11, and a second virtual image dot matrix TB311 is selected on each second sub-virtual image plane TB31. A connection line between a point in the observation dot matrix EB111 and a point in the second virtual image dot matrix TB311 passes through the corresponding second projection display area 412, and an intersection point of this connection line and the second projection display area 412 is an incident point. Based on the projection assembly 20, the combiner glass 10, and the plurality of connection lines, a plurality of second theoretical wedge angles of the combiner glass 10 when there is no secondary image at the corresponding incident point of the second projection display area 412 are calculated. Based on the plurality of second theoretical wedge angles and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each second theoretical wedge angle to the bottom edge 10b of the combiner glass, fitting is performed to obtain a second change curve L2 of the wedge angle according to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 10b of the combiner glass. Based on the second change curve L2, the wedge angle of the combiner glass 10 in the corresponding second projection display area 412 is determined.

[0180] The set of a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and a plurality of second theoretical wedge angles has a maximum local extreme difference ΔWU, and the set of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the plurality of second theoretical wedge angles has an overall extreme difference ΔCU, and the ratio of ΔWU to ΔCU satisfies ΔWU / ΔCU≤0.9. Thereby, the overall discreteness of the set of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the plurality of second theoretical wedge angles is made lower, and the smoothness of the first change curve L1 and the second change curve L2 is increased, that is, the overall inclination of the first change curve L1 and the second change curve L2 is decreased, whereby the change rate of the overall wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 is reduced, and the production difficulty of the laminated glass 10 can be decreased. Note that the maximum local extreme difference ΔWU that the set of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the plurality of second theoretical wedge angles has refers to the maximum value among the local extreme differences of the set. The local extreme difference of the set is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among the set of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the plurality of second theoretical wedge angles at a position where the distance to the bottom side 10b of the laminated glass is x. The overall extreme difference ΔCU that the set of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the plurality of second theoretical wedge angles has is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the set of all the first theoretical wedge angles and all the second theoretical wedge angles.

[0181] In the present embodiment, a wedge angle in a second projection display area 412 different from the wedge angle in the first projection display area 411 is designed. For example, the first projection display area 411 is used for an AR-HUD, and the second projection display area 412 is used for a W-HUD. Specifically, the design method of the head-up display system 1 further includes S31, S32, S33, S34, S35, and S36. Next, steps S31, S32, S33, S34, S35, and S36 will be described in detail.

[0182] S31: The plurality of projection display areas 410 include at least one second projection display area 412, and a second virtual image plane TB30 is designed based on a second projection image 4121 observed by an observer in the vehicle through each second projection display area 412.

[0183] In this embodiment, the second virtual image plane TB30 is lower than the first virtual image plane TB20 in height.

[0184] S32: Second virtual image plane TB 30 includes a plurality of second sub - virtual image planes TB31 arranged in sequence from the lower part to the higher part, and each second sub - virtual image plane TB31 corresponds to one sub - eye box plane EB11.

[0185] In this embodiment, compared with the first virtual image plane TB20, the second virtual image plane TB30 is closer to the eye box plane EB10 and has a smaller downward viewing angle.

[0186] <Deleted by self-correction>

[0187] In this embodiment, the plurality of sub - eye box planes EB11 and the plurality of second sub - virtual image planes TB31 exhibit a centrosymmetric relationship in terms of height correspondence. That is, the sub - eye box plane EB11 with the highest height corresponds to the second sub - virtual image plane TB31 with the lowest height, and the sub - eye box plane EB11 with the lowest height corresponds to the second sub - virtual image plane TB31 with the highest height. High corresponding to the second sub - virtual image plane TB31.

[0188] S3 3 : Select the observation dot matrix EB111 on each sub - eye box plane EB11, and select the second virtual image dot matrix TB311 on each second sub - virtual image plane TB31. The connecting line between the points in the observation dot matrix EB111 and the points in the second virtual image dot matrix TB311 passes through the corresponding second projection display area 412, and the intersection point of this connecting line and the second projection display area 412 is the incident point.

[0189] In this embodiment, each point of the observation dot matrix EB111 corresponds to a position that simulates the observer's eyes. Each point of the second virtual image dot matrix TB311 corresponds to a virtual image formed on the second virtual image plane TB30 by simulating that the projection light ray is reflected by the alignment glass 10 to a certain point on the eye box plane EB10. Specifically, each point of the second virtual image dot matrix TB311 corresponds to one or more points in the observation dot matrix EB111, that is, the observer can see the virtual image at the same position on the second virtual image plane TB30 at different positions on the eye box plane EB10. Also, the observer can see the virtual images at different positions on the second virtual image plane TB30 at the same position on the eye box plane EB10.

[0190] S3 4 : Based on the projection assembly 20, the alignment glass 10, and a plurality of connecting lines, calculate a plurality of second theoretical wedge angles of the alignment glass 10 when the second projection image 4121 has no secondary image at the corresponding incident point.

[0191] In this embodiment, on the correspondingly provided sub-eye box plane EB11 and the second sub-virtual image plane TB31, the connecting lines formed by connecting each point of the observation dot matrix EB111 and each point of the second virtual image dot matrix TB311 have intersections with the alignment glass 10, and the intersections are the incident points. Calculate the second theoretical wedge angle at the incident point when the observer sees the virtual image on the second sub-virtual image plane TB31 without a secondary image at each point in the observation dot matrix EB111. The number of incident points used in the simulation calculation is the number of the second theoretical wedge angles.

[0192] S35: Based on a plurality of second theoretical wedge angles and the distances from the incident points corresponding to each of the second theoretical wedge angles to the bottom edge 10b of the laminated glass, perform fitting to obtain a second change curve L2 of the wedge angle following the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 10b of the laminated glass. S36: Based on the second change curve L2, determine the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the corresponding second projection display area 412.

[0193] In this embodiment, by determining the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the corresponding second projection display area 412 according to the second change curve L2, the secondary image phenomenon of the image in the second projection display area 412 of the alignment glass 10 is weakened. Specifically, by selecting and designing the second virtual image plane TB30, the distribution of a plurality of second theoretical wedge angles in the second projection display area 412 of the alignment glass 10 is calculated and fitted to obtain the second change curve L2 corresponding to the second projection display area 412, and the wedge angle of the alignment glass 10 in the corresponding second projection display area 412 can be determined.

[0194] Referring to FIG. 31, FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of the optimization of the first change curve and the second change curve according to an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, when the maximum deviation value between the adjacent first change curve L1 and the second change curve L2 is greater than 0.2 mrad, the distance between the eye box plane EB10 and the first virtual image plane TB20 corresponding to the first change curve L1 is reduced, and / or the distance between the eye box plane EB10 and the second virtual image plane TB30 corresponding to the second change curve L2 is increased.

[0195] In this embodiment, when the adjacent first change curve L1 and the second change curve L2 On the X-axis have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation value ΔXmax is equal to the maximum value of the differences between the first change curve L1 and the second change curve L2 in the overlapping portion. When the adjacent first change curve L1 and the second change curve L2 Of the wedge angle do not have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation value ΔXmax is equal to the difference between the wedge angles at the closest ends of the first change curve L1 and the second change curve L2. On the X-axis do not have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation value ΔXmax is equal to the difference between the wedge angles at the closest ends of the first change curve L1 and the second change curve L2.

[0196] When the maximum deviation value ΔXmax is greater than 0.2 mrad, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the first virtual image surface TB20 corresponding to the first change curve L1, and / or the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the second virtual image surface TB30 corresponding to the second change curve L2. Thereby, the maximum deviation value ΔXmax between the designed adjacent first change curve L1 and second change curve L2 is adjusted to 0.2 mrad or less, or 0.15 mrad or less, or 0.10 mrad or less, or 0.08 mrad or less, or 0.05 mrad or less.

[0197] Specifically, in one embodiment, by reducing the distance between the first virtual image surface TB20 and the eye box surface EB10, the designed plurality of first theoretical wedge angles are increased, the first change curve L1 is brought closer to the second change curve L2, the maximum deviation value between the first change curve L1 and the second change curve L2 is reduced, and the adjacent first change curve L1 and second change curve L2 are made closer to the design target. In another embodiment, by increasing the distance between the second virtual image surface TB30 and the eye box surface EB10, the designed plurality of second theoretical wedge angles are reduced, the second change curve L2 is brought closer to the first change curve L1, the maximum deviation value between the first change curve L1 and the second change curve L2 is reduced, and the adjacent first change curve L1 and second change curve L2 are made closer to the design target. In yet another embodiment, by reducing the distance between the first virtual image surface TB20 and the eye box surface EB10 and increasing the distance between the second virtual image surface TB30 and the eye box surface EB10, the designed plurality of first theoretical wedge angles are increased, the values of the designed plurality of second theoretical wedge angles are reduced, so that the adjacent first change curve L1 and second change curve L2 approach each other, and the adjacent first change curve L1 and second change curve L2 are made closer to the design target.

[0198] In one embodiment, "designing the virtual image surface based on the projection images observed by the observers in the vehicle through the respective projection display areas 410" includes setting the ratio of the height to the width of the virtual image surface (the first virtual image surface TB20) to 0.5 or less.

[0199] As can be understood, in the present embodiment, both the height and width of the first virtual image plane TB20 affect the wedge-shaped cross-sectional shapes at different positions within the first projection display area 411, and the height of the first virtual image plane TB20 has a greater impact on the wedge-shaped cross-sectional shapes at different positions within the first projection display area 411. Since the ratio of the height to the width of the first virtual image plane TB20 is 0.5 or less, the proportion of the height of the first virtual image plane TB20 is greatly reduced, and the discrete state of the wedge angle scatter data set is improved.

[0200] In one embodiment, the design method of the above head-up display system further includes creating a scatter diagram of theoretical wedge angles in the XY coordinate system based on a plurality of theoretical wedge angles and the distances from the incident points corresponding to each of the theoretical wedge angles to the bottom side 10b of the combiner glass 10. The scatter diagram has an inclined median line, the projection length of the median line on the X-axis is L, the virtual image plane (the first virtual image plane TB20) has a projection length W of the height and width on the X-axis in the scatter diagram, and W / L ≦ 1.2.

[0201] In the present embodiment, W is the sum of the three of Wm_C, Wm_L, and Wm_R, and L is the projection length on the X-axis of the corresponding L_mid or L_tall or L_short. Looking at each block of the wedge angle scatter data set, the smaller the block perpendicular to the L_mid, L_tall, and L_short directions, the smaller the maximum local minimum value of the wedge angle scatter data set at the corresponding position of the combiner glass 10. Now, in the direction from the bottom side 10b of the combiner glass 10 upward, the ratio of the projection length of the first virtual image plane TB20 on the combiner glass 10 to the projection length of the median line of the corresponding wedge angle scatter data block on the X-axis is preferably smaller, that is, the smaller W / L is, the better.

[0202] As can be understood, in the present embodiment, the ratio of the projection length of the first virtual image plane TB20 on the combiner glass 10 to the projection length of the median line of the corresponding wedge angle scatter data block on the X-axis satisfies W / L ≦ 1.2. In other possible embodiments, the value of W / L may be even smaller, but the present application does not impose a limitation on this.

[0203] In one embodiment, the dashboard surface EB10 includes a plurality of sub-dashboard surfaces EB11 arranged sequentially from high to low. The first virtual image surface TB20 includes a plurality of first sub-virtual image surfaces TB21 arranged sequentially from low to high. Each first sub-virtual image surface TB21 corresponds to one sub-dashboard surface EB11. The connecting line between the midpoint of the sub-dashboard surface EB11 and the midpoint of the corresponding first sub-virtual image surface TB21 is the principal optical axis. The intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-dashboard surfaces EB11 is located outside the vehicle.

[0204] Specifically, regarding the influence on the wedge angle at different positions of the windshield 10 by the intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-dashboard surfaces EB11, refer to the above description and the description is omitted here.

[0205] In one embodiment, the distance from the intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-dashboard surfaces EB11 to the first surface 110 of the windshield 10 is 10 mm to 1000 mm.

[0206] In this embodiment, the distance from the intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-dashboard surfaces EB11 to the first surface 110 of the windshield 10 is 10 mm to 1000 mm. Optionally, the distance from the intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-dashboard surfaces EB11 to the first surface 110 of the windshield 10 is 40 mm to 800 mm. Further, the distance from the intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-dashboard surfaces EB11 to the first surface 110 of the windshield 10 is 100 mm to 600 mm. The present application is not limited thereto.

[0207] In one embodiment, the design method of the head-up display system further includes setting such that the radius of curvature R along the vertical or horizontal direction within the projection display area 410 of the windshield 10 changes monotonically, and the change rate of the radius of curvature R is -20% to +20%.

[0208] As can be understood, as the vertical or horizontal radius of curvature R increases, the wedge angle when the image viewed from the plurality of eye box surfaces EB10 has no secondary image becomes smaller. By increasing the vertical or horizontal radius of curvature R, the wedge angle for removing the secondary image can be reduced, and the discrete state of the wedge angle scatter data set can be improved.

[0209] As described above, the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described. However, the above embodiments are examples and should not be understood as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application. These improvements and refinements should also belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0210] 1… Head-up display system, 10… Laminated glass, 20… Projection assembly, 100… First transparent substrate, 110… First surface, 120… Second surface, 200… Second transparent substrate, 210… Third surface, 220… Fourth surface, 300… Intermediate adhesive layer, 10a… Upper side, 10b… Bottom side, 201… Projection light source, 211… First projection light source, 212… Second projection light source, 230… Folder mirror, 240… Aspherical mirror, 410… Projection display area, 420… Lower edge, 430… Upper edge, 411… First projection display area, 412… Second projection display area, 4111… First projection image, 4121… Second projection image, 4111L… First left projection image, 4111R… First right projection image, 4121L… Second left projection image, 4121R… Second right projection image, EB10… Eyebox surface, TB20… First virtual image surface, TB30… Second virtual image surface, EB11… Sub-eyebox surface, EB12… First sub-eyebox surface, EB13… Second sub-eyebox surface, EB14… Third sub-eyebox surface, TB21… First sub-virtual image surface, TB22… First low virtual image surface, TB23… First middle virtual image surface, TB24… First high virtual image surface, EB111… Observation dot matrix, EB121… First sub-observation dot matrix, EB131… Second sub-observation dot matrix, EB141… Third sub-observation dot matrix, TB211… First virtual image dot matrix, TB221… First low virtual image dot matrix, TB231… First middle virtual image dot matrix, TB241… First high virtual image dot matrix, TB31… Second sub-virtual image surface, TB311… Second virtual image dot matrix, E10… Observer's eye part, L1… First change curve, L2… Second change curve, T10… First scatter diagram, T11… Sub-scatter diagram, T12… First sub-scatter diagram, T13… Second sub-scatter diagram, T14… Third sub-scatter diagram.

Claims

1. A head-up display system, comprising: a laminated glass and a projection assembly, wherein the laminated glass comprises: a first transparent substrate having a first surface and a second surface; a second transparent substrate having a third surface and a fourth surface; an intermediate adhesive layer provided between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate for adhering the second surface and the third surface; The laminated glass has at least one projection display area, and when the laminated glass is mounted on a vehicle, the projection display area has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the laminated glass at the upper edge of the projection display area is greater than the thickness of the laminated glass at the lower edge of the projection display area. The projection display area has segments in which the wedge angle continuously decreases non-linearly and monotonically along the direction from the lower edge to the upper edge, and the ratio of the length of the segment to the length of the projection display area is 70% or more. The projection assembly includes at least one projection light source capable of projecting onto the at least one projection display area, and projection light rays emitted from the projection light source are incident on the projection display area to form a projection image. A head-up display system characterized by the above.

2. The maximum rate of change ROC at which the wedge angle in the projection display area continuously decreases non-linearly and monotonically satisfies ROC ≦ 0.3 mrad / 100 mm, or ROC ≦ 0.2 mrad / 100 mm, or ROC ≦ 0.1 mrad / 100 mm, or ROC ≦ 0.05 mrad / 100 mm. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized by the above.

3. There is a measured wedge angle at any point of the segment, and the measured wedge angles at each point in the segment are fitted to obtain an approximate curve of the actual wedge angle. There are a plurality of theoretical wedge angles for removing secondary images at any point in the projection display area, and the plurality of theoretical wedge angles at each point in the projection display area are fitted to obtain a first change curve. The maximum deviation value of the corresponding portions of the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve is 0.15 mrad or less. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized by the above.

4. Both the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle and the first change curve conform to a quadratic to quintic function. ​ The head-up display system according to claim 3, characterized in that...

5. The slope of the tangent line at any point on the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle continuously decreases along the direction from the lower edge to the upper edge. The head-up display system according to claim 3, characterized in that...

6. The slope of the tangent line at any point on the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle continuously increases along the direction from the lower edge to the upper edge. The head-up display system according to claim 3, characterized in that...

7. The slope of the tangent line at any point on the approximate curve of the actual wedge angle first continuously increases and then continuously decreases along the direction from the lower edge to the upper edge. The head-up display system according to claim 3, characterized in that...

8. The ratio of the maximum local extreme value difference ΔW of a plurality of theoretical wedge angles to the overall extreme value difference ΔC of the plurality of theoretical wedge angles satisfies ΔW / ΔC ≤ 0.

9. The head-up display system according to claim 3, characterized in that...

9. The combined glass has a plurality of projection display areas, the plurality of projection display areas include at least one first projection display area, the projection light rays emitted from the projection light source are incident on the first projection display area to form a first projection image, and the virtual image distance VID1 of the first projection image is 7 meters to 100 meters. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized in that...

10. The plurality of projection display areas further include at least one second projection display area, the projection light source is incident on the second projection display area to form a second projection image, and the virtual image distance VID2 of the second projection image is 1 meter to 6 meters. The head-up display system according to claim 9, characterized in that...

11. The first projected image has a first downward viewing angle LDA1 and a first virtual image distance VID1, and the second projected image has a second downward viewing angle LDA2 and a second virtual image distance VID2. When the first projected display area and the second projected display area are provided adjacent to each other in the direction from the bottom side to the upper side, LDA1 and LDA2 satisfy 2° ≤ LDA1 - LDA2 ≤ 4.5°, or satisfy 2.5° ≤ LDA1 - LDA2 ≤ 3.5°, and VID1 and VID2 satisfy 2 ≤ VID1 / VID2 ≤ 50, or satisfy 2.5 ≤ VID1 / VID2 ≤ 10. The head-up display system according to claim 10, characterized in that.

12. The range of the wedge angle of the first projected display area is 0 mrad to 0.5 mrad, and the range of the wedge angle of the second projected display area is 0.1 mrad to 0.8 mrad. The head-up display system according to claim 10, characterized in that.

13. The head-up display system further includes a virtual glove box surface located inside the vehicle and at least one virtual image surface located outside the vehicle. Each of the projected display areas corresponds to one virtual image surface, and the ratio of the height to the width of the virtual image surface is 0.5 or less. The head-up display system according to claim 9, characterized in that.

14. The angle formed by the virtual image surface and the glove box surface is 10° or less. The head-up display system according to claim 13, characterized in that.

15. The glove box surface includes a plurality of sub-glove box surfaces arranged in sequence from high to low, and the virtual image surface includes a plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces arranged in sequence from low to high. Each of the sub-virtual image surfaces corresponds to one sub-glove box surface, and the connecting line between the midpoint of the sub-glove box surface and the midpoint of the corresponding first sub-virtual image surface is the principal optical axis. The intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-glove box surfaces is located outside the vehicle. The head-up display system according to claim 13, characterized in that.

16. The distance from the intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-glove box surfaces to the first surface of the combined glass is 10 mm to 1000 mm. The head-up display system according to claim 15, characterized in that.

17. The radius of curvature R along the vertical direction and / or the horizontal direction within the projection display area changes monotonically, and the rate of change of the radius of curvature R is from -20% to +20%. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized in that.

18. The radius of curvature R along the vertical direction is 5000 mm or more, and the radius of curvature R along the horizontal direction is 1500 mm to 4000 mm. The head-up display system according to claim 16, characterized in that.

19. The combined glass has a functional area for transmitting the signal of the sensor, and the functional area has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the wedge angle is constant or the wedge angle changes linearly. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized in that.

20. A design method for a head-up display system, Providing a projection assembly and a combined glass, wherein the projection light rays emitted from the projection assembly are incident on at least one projection display area of the combined glass, the providing; Designing an eyebox plane located inside the vehicle based on an observer inside the vehicle; Designing a virtual image plane based on the projection images observed by the observer inside the vehicle through each projection display area; Here, the eyebox plane includes a plurality of sub-eyebox planes arranged in sequence from high to low, the virtual image plane includes a plurality of sub-virtual image planes arranged in sequence from low to high, each sub-virtual image plane corresponds to one sub-eyebox plane, Selecting an observation dot matrix for each sub-eyebox plane and selecting a virtual image dot matrix for each sub-virtual image plane, wherein the connecting line between the point in the observation dot matrix and the point in the virtual image dot matrix passes through the corresponding projection display area, and the intersection point of the connecting line and the corresponding projection display area is the incident point, the selecting; Based on the projection assembly, the combined glass, and the plurality of connecting lines, calculating a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles of the combined glass when the projection image has no secondary image at the corresponding incident point; Based on the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each first theoretical wedge angle to the bottom edge of the combined glass, fitting to obtain a first change curve of the wedge angle according to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the combined glass. Based on the first change curve, determining the wedge angle of the alignment glass in the corresponding projection display area; including A design method for a head-up display system characterized by the above.

21. The eye box surface includes a first sub-eye box surface, a second sub-eye box surface, and a third sub-eye box surface sequentially arranged from high to low, and the plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces include a first low virtual image surface, a first middle virtual image surface, and a first high virtual image surface sequentially arranged from low to high. The above-mentioned selection of the observation dot matrix on each sub-eye box surface and the selection of the virtual image dot matrix on each sub-virtual image surface selecting a first sub-observation dot matrix m1*n1 on the first sub-eye box surface, selecting a second sub-observation dot matrix m2*n2 on the second sub-eye box surface, and selecting a third sub-observation dot matrix m3*n3 on the third sub-eye box surface, where m1, m2, and m3 are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1, and n1, n2, and n3 are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1; selecting a first low virtual image dot matrix i1*j1 on the first low virtual image surface, selecting a first middle virtual image dot matrix i2*j2 on the first middle virtual image surface, and selecting a first high virtual image dot matrix i3*j3 on the first high virtual image surface, where i1, i2, and i3 are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1, and j1, j2, and j3 are all natural numbers greater than or equal to 1; including A design method for a head-up display system according to claim 20, characterized by the above.

22. The above-mentioned calculation of a plurality of first theoretical wedge angles of the alignment glass when the projection image has no secondary image at the corresponding incident point based on the projection assembly, the alignment glass, and the plurality of connecting lines Based on the projection assembly, the alignment glass, and the connecting lines between each point of the first sub-observation dot matrix and each point of the first low virtual image dot matrix, calculating a plurality of first sub-theoretical wedge angles of the alignment glass when the projection image has no secondary image at the incident point corresponding to the connecting lines between each point of the first sub-observation dot matrix and each point of the first low virtual image dot matrix; Based on the projection assembly, the alignment glass, and the connecting lines between the points of the second sub-observation dot matrix and the points of the first intermediate virtual image dot matrix, calculating a plurality of second sub-theoretical wedge angles of the alignment glass when the projected image has no secondary image at the incident points corresponding to the connecting lines between the points of the second sub-observation dot matrix and the points of the first intermediate virtual image dot matrix; Based on the projection assembly, the alignment glass, and the connecting lines between the points of the third sub-observation dot matrix and the points of the first high virtual image dot matrix, calculating a plurality of third sub-theoretical wedge angles of the alignment glass when the projected image has no secondary image at the incident points corresponding to the connecting lines between the points of the third sub-observation dot matrix and the points of the first high virtual image dot matrix; including The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 21, characterized in that.

23. The ratio of the maximum local extreme value difference ΔW of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles to the overall extreme value difference ΔC of the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles satisfies ΔW / ΔC≤0.

9. The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 20, characterized in that.

24. The distances between the plurality of virtual image planes and the eyebox plane increase gradually in the direction from the bottom side to the top side of the alignment glass. The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 20, characterized in that.

25. The projection display area includes at least two first projection display areas. After obtaining at least two first change curves of the wedge angle that fit and follow the distance from the incident point to the bottom side of the alignment glass, when the maximum deviation value between two adjacent first change curves is greater than 0.15 mrad, as described above, after determining the wedge angle of the alignment glass in the corresponding first projection display area based on the first change curve, the method for designing the head-up display system further includes adjusting the distance between the eyebox plane and the virtual image plane corresponding to one of two adjacent first change curves; recalculating a new plurality of the first theoretical wedge angles; Fitting based on the new plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the distances from the incident points corresponding to each of the first theoretical wedge angles to the bottom edge of the alignment glass, to obtain a new first change curve of the wedge angle according to the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the alignment glass; Determining whether the maximum deviation value between the new first change curve and the other of two adjacent first change curves is greater than 0.15 mrad; If it is greater than 0.15 mrad, repeating the above operation; If it is not greater than 0.15 mrad, determining the wedge angle of the alignment glass in the corresponding projection display area based on the new first change curve; including The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 20, characterized in that.

26. Designing the virtual image plane based on the projected images observed by the in-vehicle observer through each projection display area, includes setting the ratio of the height to the width of the virtual image plane to be 0.5 or less; The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 20, characterized in that.

27. The method for designing the head-up display system further includes creating a scatter diagram of the theoretical wedge angles in the XY coordinate system based on the plurality of first theoretical wedge angles and the distances from the incident points corresponding to each of the first theoretical wedge angles to the lower edge of the alignment glass; There is an inclined median line in the scatter diagram, the projection length of the median line on the X-axis is L, the virtual image plane has the projection lengths W of the height and width on the X-axis in the scatter diagram, and W / L≤1.2; The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 20, characterized in that.

28. The connecting line between the midpoint of the sub-eye box surface and the midpoint of the corresponding sub-virtual image surface is the principal optical axis, and the intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-eye box surfaces is located outside the vehicle; The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 20, characterized in that.

29. The distance from the intersection of the principal optical axes corresponding to any two adjacent sub-eye box surfaces to the first surface of the alignment glass is 10 mm to 1000 mm; The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 28, characterized in that.

30. The method for designing the head-up display system further includes It includes setting such that the radius of curvature R along the vertical or horizontal direction within the projection display area of the combined glass changes monotonically, wherein the change rate of the radius of curvature R is -20% to +20%, which is a design method of the head-up display system according to claim 20, characterized in that.

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