Indoor air purifier equipped with a low-pressure filter

Abstract

The present invention relates to a filtration device (100) for filtering air (103) within a space (200) of a building. The filtration device (100) has a filtration medium 101 and a blower unit 102, and the air (103) to be filtered can flow through the filtration medium (101) for filtration using the blower unit (102). The filtration surface of the filtration medium (101) is five times larger than the minimum air flow cross-section within the blower unit (102), so that the air flow angle (104) between the flow direction of the air (103) near the filtration inlet to the filtration medium (101) and the filtration surface of the filtration medium (101) changes by 90 degrees, and when the volume flow of the air (103) driven by the blower unit (102) exceeds 50 m 3 / h, the sound pressure level of the filtration device (100) is less than 48 dB at a distance of 1 meter from the filtration device (100), and the filtration medium (101) is configured such that the pressure drop of the air (103) flowing through the filtration medium (101) is less than 450 Pascals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a filtration device for filtering indoor air and a method for filtering the indoor air of a building using the filtration device.

Background Art

[0002] The filtration system in the indoor air system takes into account the ventilation and deaeration of the space in the building and filters and removes pollutants from the air. In the building, major filtration facilities including, for example, central air supply facilities in the building and residential air conditioners are installed. At that time, the major filtration facilities may have a connection to the outside air. Further, secondary filtration facilities are often introduced as a supplement to the major filtration facilities. The secondary filtration facilities include, for example, an air circulation system equipped with a filter and are set for indoor installation (for example, an indoor air purifier).

[0003] Since the secondary filtration facilities for air purification often have a smaller air flow rate than the major air supply facilities, for example, in order to sufficiently reduce the possible virus contamination of contaminated indoor air to a sufficiently small level in a sufficiently short period, it may be insufficient to filter and remove aerosols in the air. Aerosols exhaled by a person contaminate the indoor air and pose a risk of transmission to other beings. On the other hand, since the secondary air supply facilities with strong performance are noisy, people indoors feel uncomfortable with this noise.

[0004] This is particularly relevant to offices, event halls, conference rooms, and training rooms with a high occupancy rate of people per square meter. In such an environment, in order to obtain a significant aerosol dilution, the required ventilation rate increases more than linearly, and thereby, in some cases, the acoustic load related to that ventilation rate increases exponentially.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a filtration device with high performance and low operating noise.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a filtration device for filtering air in a space of a building is described. The filtration device has a filtration medium and a blower unit, and the air to be filtered can flow through the filtration medium for filtration using the blower unit. The filtration surface of the filtration medium is five times larger than the minimum airflow cross-section in the blower unit, the airflow angle between the flow direction of the air near the filtration inlet to the filtration medium and the filtration surface of the filtration medium changes by 90 degrees, and the volumetric flow of the air driven by the blower unit exceeds 50 m 3 / h, the sound pressure level of the filtration device is less than 48 dB at a distance of 1 meter from the filtration device, and the filtration medium is configured such that the pressure drop of the air flowing through the filtration medium is less than 450 pascals.

[0007] According to another aspect, a method for filtering air in a space of a building using the above filtration device is shown.

[0008] The filtration device of the present invention is usually put into a building to filter and clean air or to clean air in a manufacturing process of a factory.

[0009] The filtration device has, for example, a housing, and in the housing, the filtration medium is arranged, or a plurality of filtration media are arranged in series or in parallel with respect to the flow direction of the air passing through the filtration device along the flow direction of the air. The filtration medium may be provided so as to be replaceable.

[0010] The filtration medium of the filtration device has, for example, a flat filtration material, and the material is fixed in a support frame passing through the periphery. The filtration material can be formed as a pocket filter. A plurality of pockets of the filtration medium are fixed in the support frame, and the airflow is guided to the pockets to filter the inflowing air. Further, the filtration medium may be formed as a cartridge filter, a tubular filter, a mini filter, and a HEPA filter in some cases.

[0011] The blower unit of the filtration device sucks in the air to be filtered, in particular, into the filtration device, so that the air flows through the filter medium. The blower unit may have, for example, an axial compressor or a radial compressor and can accordingly flow the air linearly or at a right angle along a translational flow. Since the blower unit can be controlled in particular by a control unit, the air flow rate passing through the filtration device can be adjusted. The blower unit is in particular a secondary air circulation system equipped with an indoor filter (so-called "room air purifier"). The filtration device may be mobile or stationary.

[0012] According to the present invention, the filtration surface of the filtration device is at least five times larger than the minimum air flow cross-section in the blower unit. The minimum air flow cross-section represents the minimum flow cross-section in the air path of the air passing through the filtration device, i.e., between the air inlet to the filtration device and the air outlet from the filtration device. The minimum flow cross-section may be, for example, in the air path of the filtration device. In that air path, a flow generating element (for example, a blower) of the blower unit is arranged.

[0013] In particular, downstream, behind the minimum air flow cross-section, the filter medium is arranged. Since the air flow cross-section of the air path passing through the filtration device widens between the minimum air flow cross-section and the filter medium, the air hits the filter medium. The filter medium has a filtration surface that is five times larger than the minimum air flow cross-section in the blower unit. Instead, the filter medium may be attached in front of the blower. That is, the system functions in a suction operation. This has the advantages of less dirt on the blower and better sound insulation at the air inlet. Therefore, the blower can be arranged close to a person's head without increasing noise radiation.

[0014] Between the filter medium and the minimum air flow cross-section, there is only an expansion of the air flow path. Therefore, the straight part of the air flow has a flow direction that is 90 degrees different from the filter surface near the filter inlet with respect to the filter medium. In particular, the filter surface is parallel to the minimum air flow cross-section or parallel to the air flow cross-section before the expansion of the air flow path begins. In other words, the air flow cross-section in the expansion region of the air path is parallel to another air flow cross-section formed downstream in that expansion region, and that other air flow cross-section has the filter surface of the filter medium.

[0015] The expansion region further forms a long pressure reduction region, for example, without a sharp transition after the blower. In particular, good results were obtained when the pressure reduction region was larger or longer than the cross-section of the air flow, especially when it was twice or even more than four times the cross-section of the air flow.

[0016] Using this expansion, it is possible to obtain a filter inlet angle at which the air flow direction changes by 90 degrees near the filter inlet on the filter surface. In particular, this applies to 95%, especially 99%, of the volumetric flow of air flowing towards the filter surface.

[0017] When the main air flow direction is not led to a straight line passing through the filter medium on the filter surface at the filter medium's inlet, and an air flow occurs such that it first makes a turn of, for example, at least 10 degrees, especially for larger air particles or aerosol components, a rotational motion is initiated. In this rotational motion, an excellent separation rate is obtained on the filter (especially through the combined effect of a multi-layer porous filter with cyclone separation). The cyclone separation effect enables stable capture of foreign substances. Due to the inertial motion of the heavy air flow components obtained by air turning, the adhesion to the filter material in the filter medium is improved, thereby enhancing the separation rate.

[0018] Using this expansion of the flow cross-section, when the volumetric flow of air driven by the blower unit exceeds 50 m 3 / h, the sound pressure level of the filter device reaches below 48 dB at a distance of 1 meter from the filter device (especially from the exhaust port and / or the intake port of the filter device).

[0019] The filter medium is configured (e.g., by material / pore density, material selection, and / or the thickness of the filter medium) such that the pressure drop of the air flowing through the filter medium (between the inlet to the filter medium and the outlet from the filter medium) is less than 450 Pascals. The filtration performance of the filtration device according to the invention, in particular of the filter medium, is measured, for example, in accordance with EN ISO 16890 and is at least 50% better for one of the classes "ISO Coarse", "ISO ePM10", "ISO ePM2.5", or "ISO ePM1".

[0020] The reduction in pressure drop is thus achieved by the large sizing of the filter medium and its filtration surface and the configuration of the filter medium. Due to the high air flow rate, virus-contaminated aerosols first deposit on the filter medium and are then quickly dried by the high-speed air flow. Thereby, in particular, enveloped viruses dry out and die extremely rapidly.

[0021] If the filtration surface is larger, in particular clearly larger, than the inflow cross-section or the air flow cross-section in the air blower unit of the air to be purified, this also causes a change in the velocity of the air flow. Heavy solids (or aerosols) accelerate at high speed, and their velocity decreases more slowly than that of the light air molecules. This means that these solids collide with the filter membrane relatively strongly and are thereby, on the other hand, properly trapped by the filter (and thus, in particular, properly diluted). Thus, it has been shown that excellent acoustic values are possible when the filtration surface is 5 times larger, in particular 10 times larger, in particular 20 times larger, preferably 40 times larger than the smallest air flow cross-section in the air blower unit. By the corresponding enlargement of the filtration surface, the noise level of the flowing air is further reduced and the filtration performance is improved.

[0022] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filter medium has an (absolute) filtration surface larger than 1 m 2 and in particular larger than 2 m 2 and in particular larger than 4 m 2 and in particular larger than 8 m 2It is formed larger than [the reference]. The filtration surface forms the surface of the filter medium through which air flows. At this time, the filtration surface on the upstream side of the filter medium is, for example, the same size as the filtration surface on the downstream side of the filter medium.

[0023] The filtration device particularly has an outlet through which the filtered air can flow out. The filter medium may be arranged in the filtration device so that the filtration surface can be optically sensed from outside the filtration device. In other words, the filtration surface is freely accessible from the outside without providing anything that obstructs the flow of the outflowing air and generates noise.

[0024] By designing the filtration surface of the filter medium to be that large, the diffuser for the noise generated by the air flow becomes larger. Furthermore, the large filtration surface has a filtration area due to its size, and the filtration area may be far from a person's ear. Therefore, the filtration area is far from the ear that is uncomfortable with noise, and the perceivable noise level is, in short, smaller. While creating the dimensions of the filter medium and the configuration of the filter medium with respect to the pressure drop of the flowing air (for example, depending on the material selection and thickness of the filter medium), technical measures are described according to the present invention, and by these measures, the filtration performance when the noise level is small becomes high.

[0025] The thus-formed filtration surface may include, on its inner or outer side, components for stabilizing, fixing, or reinforcing (for example, a support frame, support rails into which the filter medium can be inserted, or fixing plastic edges related to the filter), and / or may be configured correspondingly. This prevents the filter medium from swaying or vibrating in the air flow, and thus has an indirect noise-blocking effect.

[0026] The present invention particularly relates to a secondary filtration facility, by which a large volume of air with extremely low noise radiation can be filtered based on a filter medium with a very small pressure drop, and in particular, the associated aerosol dilution can be obtained.

[0027] According to another exemplary claim, the filtration medium is formed such that the sound pressure level of the filtration device is below 45 dB, in particular below 38 dB, in particular below 32 dB, and even more particularly below 28 dB at a distance of 1 meter, and the filtration surface of the filtration medium is larger than the minimum air flow cross-section within the blower unit.

[0028] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filtration medium is formed such that the pressure drop of the air flowing through the filtration medium is below 250 Pa, in particular below 150 Pa, and even more particularly below 70 Pa or 30 Pa.

[0029] According to another exemplary embodiment, for the filtration device, the air volume per square meter of the filtration surface per hour (i.e., the filtration surface load) is below 600 m 3 / (m 2 ×h), in particular below 140 m 3 / (m 2 ×h), below 85 m 3 / (m 2 ×h), or below 50 m 3 / (m 2 ×h), and / or the velocity of the volume flow of the air (103) passing through the filtration device (100) is in the range of 0.1 to 5 m / s, in particular in the range of 0.2 to 3.4 m / s, and even more particularly in the range of 0.3 to 2.8 m / s. These characteristic values can be set, in particular, by selecting the filter size, the filtration material, and the design of the blower unit.

[0030] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filtration device has a microphone unit and a sound generator. The microphone unit is arranged to measure the air noise level in front of the blower unit and / or behind the filter medium. The sound generator is configured to generate a cancellation sound based on the measured noise level. Therefore, active noise suppression can be incorporated. In this case, the sound generator generates a sound that is adjusted by destructive interference with respect to the sound generated by the air flow. Further, a cancellation signal is generated that corresponds to the interfering sound signal but has the opposite polarity. Therefore, the sound generator generates a cancellation sound based on the air flow sound collected by the microphone unit or modulates this air flow sound. This has the advantage that the sound generator suppresses the air flow noise implicitly as a sound source.

[0031] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filtration device, for example its housing, has an exhaust port for blowing out air. The filtration device is formed such that the exhaust port is at a position lower than 1 m, especially lower than 0.5 m, above the floor surface (for example, the installation surface where the filtration device is located above it). Further, or instead, the filtration device is designed such that the exhaust port is 1.8 m high from the floor surface, especially 2 m high. At multiple installation locations for the secondary filtration system, the ears of multiple people present in that location will be at a position above 1 meter and below 2 m or 1.8 m above the floor surface. Thereby, structural optimization is possible such that noise-generating components such as the blower or the suction or exhaust port are formed on or towards the floor surface or above a height of 1.80 m above the floor surface.

[0032] Correspondingly, the noise exposure levels 1 meter and 2 meters below the floor surface can also be measured. By arranging a filtration device having a discharge region in a region above 1 meter from the floor surface, the acoustic diffusion effect of a very large filtration surface with respect to the minimum air flow cross-section (for example, in the blower) can be utilized for noise reduction. The same problem applies to noise sources installed 1.8 m above the floor surface. Therefore, for example, a filtration device provided with a housing having the functions of a ceiling light and a filtration function has an ideal structure in terms of the noise surface.

[0033] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filtration device has a control unit for controlling the blower unit, and the control unit is coupled to the blower unit for wirelessly exchanging signals of control instructions. The control unit may be incorporated within the filtration device and can control the blower unit. Further, the control unit may be arranged outside the filtration device and may form a central control unit for controlling, for example, a plurality of filtration devices.

[0034] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filtration device has a sensor element for measuring at least one air parameter of the air to be filtered by the filtration device (for example, CO content, CO2 content, relative air humidity, air pressure, O2 content, temperature, PM content, aerosol concentration, type and / or concentration of foreign matter) or an operating parameter of the filtration device. The control unit is coupled for wirelessly (or wired) exchanging the sensor signals of the sensor element. The sensor element provides, for example, data regarding the air quality and / or regarding the filter to the control unit, in particular using RFID, NFC, Bluetooth®, WLAN or a protocol of building management technology. The control unit is configured in particular to be able to generate warning signals based on data regarding the filter and / or to take measures regarding the flow rate through the filtration device (for example, control of the blower unit), or measures regarding the function of blocking or releasing the filtration device.

[0035] The filtration device and the control unit can each have an antenna or a wiring board type system. The system notifies the filtration device that it is ready to exchange data. Such data can relate not only to parameters related to airborne substances in the air, but can also include information and details of the filtration device. Thus, for example, the air flow can be adjusted by the filtration device according to the performance of the filtration device put into operation. Further, when the duration or occupancy density of the filter medium is exceeded, a signal is released that can be interpreted as a maintenance signal or used as a control signal to reduce or increase the air flow rate. Different forms of the transmitting device within the filtration device and / or the control unit can be RFID transponder devices (which have, for example, filtration data in encrypted form). Further, other communication mechanisms such as NFC, Bluetooth®, WLAN, etc. can also be incorporated. For wired communication, together with a dedicated protocol, the bus systems (LON, EIB, etc.) of the building management system are also available.

[0036] Secondary filtration devices are usually operated without using a maintenance organization, so high filter clogging (although the due date has been reached, but the filter replacement has not been carried out) is another source of high noise radiation (for example, the air flow rate monitoring device operates the blower with higher performance). For this reason, a filter clogging monitoring device is incorporated in the filtration device and, in particular, is provided with means of transmission for the recognized faults, and the means of transmission are further sufficient as local peripheral devices of the filtration device (for example, wired or wireless transmission of the fault notification "filter full replacement / replacement"). In particular, it can invite and / or summon an external service team.

[0037] According to another exemplary embodiment, the sensor element is a pitot tube, and in particular, it is configured to be able to measure the static pressure upstream, in front of the filter medium, and the static pressure and dynamic pressure downstream, behind the filter medium. When the velocity of the air flow is high enough, the differential pressure between a normal pressure gauge in front of the filter medium upstream and a pitot tube (or pilot tube) behind the filter medium downstream can be measured. The pressure in the pilot tube is given by summing the static pressure and the dynamic pressure, and thus is higher than the pressure in the normal detector in front of the filter medium. This configuration results in a reversed or negative differential pressure across the filter medium, and can detect blockage of the pipeline or malfunction of the valve. This embodiment may be suitable especially for modernizing old equipment. By using a control unit in the filtration device, it is possible to parameterize response values and / or limit values inside the filtration device from the outside.

[0038] The sensor element has, for example, a microphone and can detect the indoor noise level and especially the location of the noise source. By measuring and evaluating the indoor noise level, the number and intensity of people speaking in the room can be estimated, and the air supply capacity of the air supply unit can be adjusted by the control unit. This is because the aerosol emission increases due to people with loud voices. In other words, the air supply capacity can be adjusted via the indoor noise level. When the number of people speaking or speaking loudly increases, the aerosol emitted increases, and the air supply capacity can be even higher. This is because, for example, additional noise from equipment such as the air supply unit is not perceived and does not get in the way. When one or more people are sitting quietly in the room, the air supply capacity decreases. This is because a quiet environment is required for concentrated work, and no aerosol is emitted at that time.

[0039] According to another exemplary embodiment, the control unit obtains a unique ID from the filtration device, and the unique ID has information regarding the location of use of the filtration device. The control unit receives the unique ID via NFC, Bluetooth®, WLAN, a proprietary protocol, or a protocol of a building management system, in particular LON or EIB, and based on the unique ID, the operation and / or settings of the filtration device can be adjusted. In another particularly preferred embodiment, the unique ID has information regarding the assembly location of the filtration device within the filtration system. With this ID, it is possible to pre-select the operating parameters required for a specific operation from the pre-set operating modes of the filtration device or to call up the saved data of the system settings. In particular when using an encryption protocol, it is possible to avoid new settings during filter replacement and to achieve plug and play. During the replacement, the corresponding data can be transmitted from the filtration device or transferred via the cloud. Together with mechanisms well known to those skilled in the art, the unique ID can be transmitted to the filtration system using QR code®, barcode, OCR font (and its successors for mechanically readable fonts), RFID, NFC, Bluetooth®, WLAN, a proprietary protocol, a protocol of a building management system (LON, EIB, etc.). This mechanism also enables the handover of the filtration device, in which the function is first deactivated if a part of its unique ID belongs to a defined supply range.

[0040] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filtration device further has a data storage unit coupled to the control unit, the blower unit, and the sensor elements for data exchange, and in particular, the data can be protected using certificates and / or encryption. The data is in particular a measured value selected from the group consisting of the air flow rate through the filtration device, the air temperature, the air pressure, in particular the absolute pressure and / or the differential pressure, the filter clogging of the filter medium, the air humidity, the aerosol contamination, the PM content of the air and / or the foreign matter content, and the measurement location of the air measurement. In particular, in the case of particularly demanding operating conditions, there may be an interest in the fact that individual acquisition details such as measured values can be parameterized. This relates on the one hand to the details of the measurement method and on the other hand to the parameters to be presented (for example, the air flow rate, temperature, pressure (in particular the absolute pressure and / or the differential pressure), filter clogging, humidity, aerosol contamination, PM content, in particular which diameter classes and how much of each). Such a data set can also be transmitted again using communication or can be read out immediately after the end of the filter's life.

[0041] According to another exemplary embodiment, the sensor element is configured to obtain the energy consumption and / or CO2 emissions of the filtration device based on the air parameters and / or operating parameters of the filtration device, in particular the filter clogging of the filter medium and / or the operating time. The air parameters and / or operating parameters of the filtration device are selected to obtain recommendations regarding filter replacement and / or filter dust removal, in particular in this case, individual parameters are adjustable. For example, the energy consumption and CO2 emissions are optimized permanently and continuously (in real time in all cases). For example, since a pressure drop occurs across the filter that increases exponentially within the service life due to filter clogging, there may be an advantage in replacing the filter before its "lifetime" (e.g., before maximum filter clogging). Responding to requirements regarding energy costs or the CO2 emissions of the filtration device by replacing the filter before the differential pressure suddenly increases within the service life of the filter means cost reduction and improved results. However, in another form, there may be an indication to the user. For example, pointing out to the user that additional blowing by opening a window is an energy optimization measure, or for example, when confirming an improvement in air quality corresponding thereto, a secondary filtration device may reduce, for example, the air circulation and thus reduce energy and noise.

[0042] According to another exemplary embodiment, the control unit is configured to variously control a filtration device, in particular a blower unit, such that the future energy utilization rate of the filtration device and / or the current and / or future energy consumption can be taken into account. The control unit controls the filtration device automatically or semi-automatically with an approval function based on the future energy utilization rate of the filtration device and / or the building and / or the current and / or future energy consumption. In another preferred embodiment, the control unit or the sensor element acquires data regarding the energy consumption and / or CO2 emissions of the filtration device and / or the blower unit. Since the filtration medium causes an increase in the pressure drop ΔP at both ends of the filtration medium due to filter clogging, as the clogging increases, more energy is required for proper use. Based on the knowledge of the energy cost and CO2 emissions based on the production of the filtration medium, recommendations regarding the optimal filter replacement time (or dust removal time) can be obtained based on these data. Preferably, it can be informed that individual parameters such as energy cost, savings potential, CO2 savings, CO2 certification cost, etc. can be set or obtained at that time.

[0043] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filtration medium has a filter material including one fleece layer, in particular a plurality of fleece layers, and the filtration medium can be replaceably arranged in the filtration device. The filtration medium is a disposable filter. The fleece is composed of finite-length fibers, infinite-length fibers (filaments) or cut yarns, which are combined and joined to form a fleece (fiber layer, fiber web). By connecting the fibers, a breathable material with narrow, small-pored passages is provided, and in particular, an excellent filtration effect for atmospheric particles is obtained.

[0044] An exchangeable filtration medium (in particular, a disposable filter) does not necessarily have to be precisely aligned with the surrounding housing of the filtration device. Furthermore, it is advantageous to prevent air resonance that may occur in the filtration filter. In a filtration material consisting of regularly arranged filtration media (for example, woven fabric filters, punched filters, corrosion filters, or perforated filters), due to the self-organization effect of the air flow, resonance may occur, and thus negative effects (noise, especially re-detachment of already incorporated contaminants during the start and stop of the equipment, dispersion of physical measurement values, etc.) may occur. In the solution according to the present invention, it has been shown that the vibration effect is suppressed by using a fleece layer. This suppression is caused by the fibers being placed irregularly and randomly and being adhered. Due to this irregularity, the possibility of self-organization related to vibration is reduced. When using a plurality of fleece layers in the configuration of the filtration medium, especially when these fleece layers have at least slightly different fleece materials or fleece layers, this suppression can be enhanced. By producing the fleece material, differences can be created.

[0045] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filtration medium has at least two fleece layers and a filtration membrane disposed between those fleece layers, and those layers and the membrane are arranged in a layered composite with respect to each other. In particular, the filtration membrane in the middle of the layer composite has a larger surface than the two outer fleece layers.

[0046] According to another exemplary claim, a first direction (x-axis) and a second direction (y-axis) span the (x - y) plane, and the middle filtration membrane is formed such that wave portions undulate and those wave portions are arranged side by side along the first direction. The wave portions run irregularly and asymmetrically with respect to each other, especially in their plane, and the filtration medium is arranged such that air can overflow along the first direction or the second direction in the filtration medium.

[0047] For example, the first direction is the upstream direction of the air for the air. The wave portion runs along a second direction transversely with respect to the first direction. For vibration suppression, the asymmetry of the wave arrangement and shape can be utilized. Instead, the filter body may also flow in the Y direction and thus parallel to the extension of the wave. The wave portion forms, for example, a sharkskin-like riblet structure, which reduces the flow resistance. Depending on the inlet conditions to the filter medium (inflow cross-section, volume flow, depth of the filter material to be flowed through), one or more configurations may be particularly advantageous. The asymmetry of the wave arrangement can be obtained by a self-organizing compression process, in which the extrusion speed of the filter membrane is significantly higher than the extrusion speeds of the two outer fleeces. By thermally fixing the three layers at a given point in time, the asymmetry of the wave arrangement occurs. Along with the advantages already described, this asymmetry acts steadily on the deflection in the x-y plane.

[0048] The filter surface is aggregated in a waveform and is combined (adhered, welded, pinned, etc.) with the outer fleeces above and below for stabilization. Thereby, it is ensured that a sufficiently open membrane area is available during the service life of the filter membrane. The membrane area is folded when being flattened or packed, and moreover, the passages are reduced.

[0049] Furthermore, if a non-flat filter membrane is embedded in the filter medium, the above-described effects are further enhanced thereby. If the filter membrane does not have sharp edges (for example, in the case of a corrugated cartridge filter), the filter membrane has a noise reduction effect. Forming this lack of corners well is to form a sinusoidal collision region.

[0050] The corrugated filter structure with a riblet structure creates a higher resistance to the air flowing by. When the filter medium is arranged vertically or obliquely with respect to the air flow, a low - velocity air flow is generated that encloses the main air flow (or accompanies it laterally if the filter medium is partially attached). This reduced velocity suppresses the noise of the air flow. When air flows along the corrugated filter structure, a predetermined amount of air flow passes through the corrugated filter medium, similar to the case of a tubular muffler or an absorption - type muffler, thereby reducing the large - flow main air flow. As explained above, since the flow velocity of the main air flow is reduced, the noise of the air flow is suppressed.

[0051] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filter medium has a thickness of 2 mm to 10 mm, particularly 3 mm to 7 mm, and / or the number of said wave portions is 0.5 to 3 waves per centimeter.

[0052] Thereby, the filtering ability can have a pressure drop within the region of a normal F7 filter (i.e., within the operating parameters of the solution according to the present invention), similar to a HEPA filter.

[0053] According to another exemplary embodiment, the surface of the filter membrane is 30% larger, particularly 80% larger, and even more particularly 200% larger than each surface of the outer fleece layer. In particular, excellent acoustic radiation is obtained when the surface of the filter membrane is 30% larger, particularly 80% larger, preferably 200% larger than the filtering surface, the filtering surface of the outer fleece layer. This is explained by the diffusion action of the filter membrane when the filter membrane is a non - planar element (having a potential acoustic reflection effect).

[0054] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filtration device has a metering device that is suitable for measuring filter clogging and can in particular compensate for distortion of the measured value due to the pressure of the air flowing through the system. Using a corresponding additional mechanism, it is possible to compensate for the measured value distortion of the sensor element due to the pressure of the air resistance during the operation of the filtration device. Thereby, in the operating mode of the filtration device when the volume flow is low, normal filter monitoring does not lead to activating the differential pressure monitoring of the filter medium, but it is also possible to confirm a high filter clogging of the filter medium. In particular, in the case of secondary filtration devices, they are intended to operate with a low pressure difference and thus a low noise level. Due to this detailed matter, reliable measurement of filter clogging is possible despite an extremely small pressure difference. In particular, the metering device is in contact with the floor surface in a state where the filter medium is incorporated in the housing of the filtration device, and thus guides the weight of the filter medium to the floor surface. Thereby, it is possible to perform weight measurement of the filter medium.

[0055] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filter medium has a filter material that is hydrophobic and / or contains natural fibers or polyolefins, particularly polypropylene, and the filter especially contains cellulose, cotton and / or hemp. When the air flow to be filtered is contaminated with high aerosol contamination, well-known filters may suddenly become prone to water penetration. This may, on the one hand, increase the pressure drop statically across the filter, but dynamically may also burden subsequent volume flow regulation using VAV in terms of its regulation speed due to rapidly changing pressure ratios. The solution according to the invention solves this problem by appropriate material selection of the filter material. Either a hydrophobic material (e.g., a polyolefin substantially free of polar functional groups, particularly polypropylene) and / or an absorbent material having a particular (e.g., low, little) tendency to swell (e.g., natural fibers, particularly cellulose fibers, cotton or hemp) is used. Thus, the tendency for the filter openings to be filled with micro- or nano-sized water droplets is reduced. The fungicidal, virucidal and bactericidal properties of hemp are preferred and have been shown to make this hemp an ideal filter component. Also, by reducing the pressure drop, unlocalized measurements are reduced (i.e., as the pressure drop decreases, more air is drawn in and thus a larger location image than expected when judged as a combination is associated with the measured value).

[0056] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filter medium has a vibroacoustic metamaterial. The vibroacoustic metamaterial consists of a periodic arrangement of small resonator structures composed of a plurality of materials themselves, dispersed within a single array. In this case, the size of the resonator may be smaller than the half wavelength of the vibration to be reduced. The vibroacoustic metamaterial can be advantageously fabricated in terms of cost. The vibroacoustic metamaterial can cover a portion of the air flow and thus suppress noise. Furthermore, the vibroacoustic metamaterial may be tuned to the most disturbing natural resonance frequency of the secondary filtration device and can further reduce noise radiation by 1.5 to 10 dB depending on the form.

[0057] According to another exemplary embodiment, the filtration device may have a housing, inside of which a filtration medium and a blower unit are arranged. The housing can be arranged within a building space and is formed, for example, as a space partition. Further, the housing may have lights and may be configured as a lighting fixture. Further, the housing may have a loudspeaker. Further, the housing may have a sound-absorbing layer and may be configured as a muffler and / or a silencer. Thus, according to another particularly preferred embodiment, the secondary filtration device may be combined with at least one other space-related additional function. This may be a space design element, a space partition, a lighting fixture, a loudspeaker or a muffler. These combinations result in material savings for each individual stand-alone device (for example, for the housing).

[0058] When reducing noise, it is important that the design of the filtration device distinguishes between laminar flow and turbulent flow as intended, and the corresponding noise radiation is minimized as intended. Thus, it has been found that by the measures according to the present invention described above, for example, a replaceable filter (especially a disposable filter) does not need to be exactly aligned with the surrounding container, and nevertheless possible air resonances can be prevented. In the case of a filter material consisting of regularly arranged filtration media (for example, woven filters, punched filters, corrosion filters or perforated filters), due to the self-organization effect of the air flow, there is a possibility that resonance and thus negative effects (noise, re-detachment of already incorporated contaminants [especially during start-up and shutdown of the equipment], dispersion of physical measurement values, etc.) may occur. In the solution according to the present invention, it has been shown that the vibration effect is suppressed by the use of a fleece layer. Naturally, this suppression is enhanced in the case of a plurality of fleece layers in the configuration of the filtration medium, especially when these fleece layers are at least slightly different. This is explained by the production of the fleece material. Usually, for this purpose, the fibers are placed and adhered irregularly / randomly. This irregularity reduces the possibility of self-organization regarding vibration, which can increase the noise.

[0059] A particularly large filtration surface, for acoustic reasons, can also be represented as a noise suppressor. In particular, in combination with special acoustic materials (e.g., melanin resin), even in the case of a sufficient volumetric flow (both with respect to external noise and with respect to the noise of the filtration equipment itself), a particularly excellent degree of noise suppression can be obtained.

[0060] It is pointed out that the embodiments described herein represent only a limited selection of the possible different embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, since the features of the individual embodiments can be combined with each other in a suitable way, to those skilled in the art, many different embodiments can clearly be considered as being those disclosed herein by using the different embodiments clearly described here. In particular, some embodiments of the present invention with apparatus claims and other embodiments of the present invention with method claims are described. However, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that, in addition to the combinations of features belonging to the subject matter of one typical invention, any combination of features belonging to the subject matter of various typical inventions is also possible, as long as it is not clearly shown by the teaching content of this application.

[0061] In order to additionally explain and better understand the present invention, examples will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0062]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0063] Same or similar parts in different figures are provided with the same reference numerals. The illustrations in the figures are schematic.

[0064] FIG. 1 shows a filtration device 100 for filtering air 103 within a space 200 (see FIG. 2) of a building. The filtration device 100 has a filter medium 101 and a blower unit 102, and the air 103 to be filtered can flow through the filter medium 101 for filtration using the blower unit 102. The filtration surface of the filter medium 101 is five times larger than the minimum air flow cross-section within the blower unit 102. Therefore, the air flow angle 104 between the flow direction of the air 103 near the filtration inlet to the filter medium 101 and the filtration surface of the filter medium 101 changes by 90 degrees, and when the volume flow of the air 103 driven by the blower unit 102 exceeds 50 m 3 / h, the sound pressure level of the filtration device 100 is less than 48 dB at a distance of 1 meter from the filtration device 100, and the filter medium 101 is configured such that the pressure drop of the air 103 flowing through the filter medium 101 is less than 450 Pascals.

[0065] The filtration device 100 has, for example, a housing 120, within which the filter medium 101 is arranged, or a plurality of filter media 101 are arranged in series or in parallel with respect to the flow direction of the air 103 passing through the filtration device 100 along the flow direction of the air 103. The filter medium 101 may be provided to be replaceable.

[0066] The filter medium 101 of the filtration device 100 has, for example, a flat filter material, and the material is fixed within a supporting frame passing through the periphery. The filter material 101 can be formed as a pocket filter. A plurality of pockets of the filter medium 101 are fixed within the supporting frame, and an air flow is guided into the pockets to filter the incoming air 103.

[0067] The blower unit 102 of the filtration device 100 sucks the air 103 to be filtered into the filtration device 100 in particular, so that the air 103 flows through the filter medium 101. The blower unit 102 may have, for example, an axial compressor or a radial compressor, and correspondingly, the air 103 can be made to flow linearly or at a right angle along a translational flow. The blower unit 102 can be controlled in particular by the control unit 108, so that the air flow rate passing through the filtration device 100 can be adjusted. The blower unit 102 is in particular a secondary air circulation system equipped with a filter for installation in the room 200 (so-called "room air purifier"). The filtration device 100 can be mobile or stationary.

[0068] According to the present invention, the filtration surface AF of the filter medium 101 is five times larger than the minimum air flow cross-section AL within the blower unit 102. The minimum air flow cross-section AL represents the minimum flow cross-section within the air path of the air 103 passing through the filtration device 100, i.e., between the inlet of the air 103 into the flow path 111 of the blower unit 102 and the outlet of the air 103 from the flow path 112 of the filter medium 101. The minimum flow cross-section AL can be, for example, within the air path of the filtration device 100. Within that air path, a flow generating element (for example, a ventilator) of the blower unit 102 is arranged.

[0069] In particular, downstream, after the minimum air flow cross-section AL, the filter medium 101 is arranged. Since the air flow cross-section of the air path passing through the filtration device 100 widens between the minimum air flow cross-section AL and the filter medium 101, the air 103 hits the filter medium 101. The filter medium has a filtration surface AF that is five times larger than the minimum air flow cross-section AL within the blower unit 102.

[0070] Between the filter medium 101 and the minimum air flow cross-section AL, there is only the expansion of the air flow path. Therefore, the straight part of the air flow is different by 90 degrees from the vicinity of the filter inlet with respect to the filter medium 101 and with respect to the filter surface of the filter medium 101, and has an air flow angle 104 that is not 90 degrees between the flow direction and the filter surface. In particular, the filter surface is parallel to the minimum air flow cross-section AL or parallel to the air flow cross-section AL before the expansion of the air flow path begins.

[0071] The expansion region further forms a long decompression region, for example, without a sudden transition after the blower unit 102. In particular, good results were obtained when the decompression region was larger or longer than the cross-section AL of the air flow, especially when it was twice or even more than four times the cross-section of the air flow.

[0072] When the main flow direction of the air 103 is not guided to a straight line passing through the filter medium 101 at the filter surface at the inlet of the filter medium 101 and a turning of, for example, at least 10 degrees occurs first in most cases, a rotational motion is particularly initiated for larger fine particles or aerosol components of the air 103. In this rotational motion, an excellent separation rate is obtained on the filter (especially by the combined effect of a multi-layer porous filter with cyclone separation). The cyclone separation effect enables stable capture of foreign matter. Due to the inertial motion of the heavy air flow components obtained by the air turning, the adhesion to the filter material in the filter medium 101 is improved, thereby improving the separation rate.

[0073] Using this expansion of the flow cross-section, when the volume flow of the air 103 driven by the blower unit 102 exceeds 50 m 3 / h, the sound pressure level of the filter device 100 reaches below 48 dB at a distance of 1 meter from the filter device 100 (especially from the exhaust port and / or intake port of the filter device 100).

[0074] If the filtration surface AF is larger than the inflow cross-section or the air flow cross-section AL in the blower unit 103 of the air 103 to be purified, this will also cause a change in the air flow velocity. Heavy solids (or aerosols) accelerate at a high speed, and their velocity decreases more slowly than that of light air molecules. This means that these solids will collide with the filter membrane 101 relatively strongly, and thereby will be properly trapped by the filter on the other hand (therefore, will be properly diluted especially).

[0075] The filtration device 100 has a control unit 108 for controlling the blower unit 102, and the control unit 108 is coupled to the blower unit 102 for wirelessly exchanging control command signals. The control unit 108 may be incorporated within the filtration device 100 and can control the blower unit 102.

[0076] The filtration device 100 further has a sensor element 109 for measuring at least one air parameter of the air 103 to be filtered by the filtration device 100 (for example, CO content, CO2 content, relative air humidity, air pressure, O2 content, temperature, PM content, aerosol concentration, type and / or concentration of foreign matter) or an operating parameter of the filtration device 100. The control unit 108 is coupled for wirelessly exchanging the sensor signals of the sensor element 109. The control unit 108 is configured to be able to generate a warning signal especially based on data regarding the filter, and / or to take measures regarding the flow rate passing through the filtration device 100 (for example, control of the blower unit), or measures regarding the function of blocking or releasing the filtration device 100.

[0077] The filtration device 100 and the control unit 108 may each have an antenna or a wiring board type system. The system notifies the filtration device 100 that it is ready to exchange data.

[0078] The filtration device 100 further has a data storage unit 110 coupled to the control unit 108, the blower unit 102, and the sensor element 109 for data exchange, and the data can be protected using certificates and / or encryption. In particular, the data is a measured value selected from the group consisting of the air flow rate passing through the filtration device 100, the air temperature, the air pressure, in particular the absolute pressure and / or the differential pressure, the clogging of the filter medium, the air humidity, the aerosol contamination, the PM content and / or the foreign matter content of the air 103, and the measurement location of the air measurement. In particular, in the case of particularly demanding operating conditions, there may be an interest in the fact that individual acquisition details such as measured values can be parameterized. This relates, on the one hand, to the details of the measurement method and, on the other hand, to the parameters that should be presented (for example, the air flow rate, the temperature, the pressure (in particular the absolute pressure and / or the differential pressure), the filter clogging, the humidity, the aerosol contamination, the PM content, in particular which diameter classes and how much of them). Such a data set can also be transmitted again using communication or can be read out immediately after the end of the filter life.

[0079] The filtration device 100 further has a metering device 113 that is suitable for metering the filter clogging and can in particular compensate for the distortion of the measured values due to the pressure of the air 103 flowing through the system. Using a corresponding additional mechanism, the distortion of the measured values of the sensor element 109 due to the pressure of the air resistance during the operation of the filtration device 100 can be compensated for. Thereby, in the operating mode of the filtration device 100 when the volume flow is low (small), normal filter monitoring does not lead to activating the differential pressure monitoring of the filter medium 101, but it is also possible to confirm a high clogging of the filter medium 101.

[0080] Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a space 200 with an exemplary filtration device 100 according to the present invention. The filtration device, for example its housing 120, has an exhaust port 107 for blowing out air 103, and the filtration device 100 is formed such that the exhaust port 107 is at a position lower than 1 m, particularly lower than 0.5 m, above the floor surface (where the filtration device 100 is located on top), and thus below the height 201 of a standing person's head. Additionally or alternatively, the filtration device 100 is formed such that the exhaust port 107 is at a position higher than 1.8 m, particularly higher than 2 m, and thus higher than the height 201 of a standing person's head.

[0081] The housing 120 can be arranged within the building space 200 and is formed, for example, as a space partition. Further, the housing 120 may have a lamp 202 and may be configured as a lighting fixture as shown. Additionally, the filtration device 100 can, in some cases, be attached to the wall of the space 200.

[0082] Figure 3 shows a schematic view of a filter medium with a corrugated filter membrane according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The filter medium 101 particularly has a plurality of filters (for example, fleece layers) 301, 302, 303. Those layers are arranged one behind the other in the flow direction of the air 101 passing through the filter medium 101. In particular, the first filter layer 301 facing the intake side filters coarser than at least one of the second filter layers 302, 303 following the first filter layer in the flow direction. Thus, first, coarser particles can be filtered out, while finer particles pass through the first layer and are later filtered out by the finer layers.

[0083] The outer filter layers are arranged as fleece layers 301, 303 in this case, and the filter layer is arranged as a filter membrane 302 between the fleece layers 301, 303. The fleece layers 301, 302, 303 are arranged in a layered manner within the laminate with respect to each other in a third direction z, and the middle filter membrane 302 of the laminate has a larger surface than the two outer fleece layers 301, 303. The central filter membrane 302 has wave portions arranged one behind the other along a first direction x.

[0084] Figure 4 shows a schematic view of a filter medium including a corrugated filter membrane 302 and a wavy surface layer 301 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] On the intake side, a coarse surface fleece is provided as the outer fleece layer 301. The surface fleece is particularly disposed on the intake side of the filter membrane 302 in a wavy manner. Similarly, the surface fleece can be disposed on the exhaust side of the filter membrane 502 as the fleece layer 303. The outer fleece layer 301 on the intake side is then more wavy than the outer fleece layer 303 on the exhaust side and is correspondingly formed to filter more strongly. The intermediate region between the outer fleece layers 301, 303 and the waves of the filter membrane 302 can be filled with a membrane material to obtain higher stability.

[0086] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the corrugated portion of the filter medium 101 according to an exemplary claim. The corrugated portions run irregularly and asymmetrically with respect to each other, particularly in the plane. The filter medium 101 is arranged such that air 101 can overflow along the first direction x or the second direction y in the filter medium 101. For example, the x direction is the air flow direction of the air 101, and the corrugated portions run transversely to the first direction x along the second direction y. An asymmetric corrugation arrangement and corrugation shape can be used for vibration suppression.

[0087] Figure 6 shows a schematic view of a filter medium 101 including a dynamic pressure measuring device 602 according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0088] The dynamic pressure measuring device 602 is configured to be able to measure the static pressure upstream before the filter medium 101 and the static pressure and dynamic pressure downstream after the filter medium 101. When the velocity of the air flow is sufficiently high, the differential pressure (p1 - p2) between the normal pressure gauge (pressure p1) before the filter medium 101 upstream and the dynamic pressure tube (or pilot tube) (pressure p2) after the filter medium 101 downstream can be measured. The filter medium 101 is then arranged inside the air passage formed by the wall as the external air flow boundary surface 601. The pressure in the pilot tube is given by summing the static pressure and the dynamic pressure, and is thus higher than the pressure in the normal detector before the filter medium 101. With this configuration, a reversed or negative differential pressure occurs across the filter medium 101, and blockage of the piping or malfunction of the valve can be detected.

[0089] FIG. 7 is a graph of the pressure drop of the air 103 flowing through the filter over the operating time of the filter medium 101. The graph shows that over the operating time t, the pressure drop ΔP of the air 103 flowing through increases due to filter clogging. The filter medium 101 is then configured such that the pressure drop (between the inlet to the filter medium 101 and the outlet from the filter medium 101) of the air 103 flowing through the filter medium 101 is less than 450 Pascals in a normal predetermined operating cycle defined by a given operating time (e.g., by material / pore density, material selection, and / or the thickness of the filter medium).

[0090] Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of active noise reduction according to an exemplary embodiment. The filtration device 100 has a microphone unit 105 and a sound generator 106. The microphone unit 105 is arranged to measure the noise level 803 of the air 103 as the noise source 803 in front of the blower unit 102 and / or behind the filtration medium 101. The sound generator 106 is configured to generate a canceling sound based on the measured noise level 804. At this time, the sound generator 106 generates a sound that is adjusted by destructive interference with respect to the noise source 803 generated by the air flow. For this purpose, a regulator 801 (for example, the control unit 108) is coupled to the microphone unit 105 to refine the signal for the sound generator 106. These signals can be amplified in the power amplifier 802.

[0091] It should be noted in passing that "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and "one (feminine)" or "one (masculine or neuter)" does not exclude a plurality. Furthermore, it should be noted that features or steps described with reference to one of the above-described embodiments can be used in combination with other features or steps of other embodiments described above. The reference numbers in the claims should not be regarded as limiting. (Other possible items) (Item 1) A filtration device (100) for filtering air (103) in a space (200) of a building, wherein the filtration device (100) a filtration medium (101) and a blower unit (102) and having, the air (103) to be filtered can flow through the filtration medium (101) for filtration using the blower unit (102), the filtration surface of the filtration medium (101) is five times larger than the minimum air flow cross-section in the blower unit (102), and the air flow angle (104) between the flow direction of the air (103) near the filtration inlet to the filtration medium (101) and the filtration surface of the filtration medium (101) changes by 90 degrees, and the volume flow of the air (103) driven by the blower unit (102) is 50m 3When it exceeds / h, the sound pressure level of the filtration device (100) is less than 48 dB at a distance of 1 meter from the filtration device (100), The filtration medium (101) is a filtration device configured such that the pressure drop of the air (103) flowing through the filtration medium (101) is less than 450 Pascals. (Item 2) The filtration surface of the filtration medium (101) is formed larger than the minimum air flow cross-section in the blower unit (102) such that the sound pressure level of the filtration device (100) is less than 45 dB, particularly less than 38 dB, particularly less than 32 dB, and even more particularly less than 28 dB at a distance of 1 meter. The filtration device (100) according to Item 1. (Item 3) The filtration medium (101) is formed such that the pressure drop of the air (103) flowing through the filtration medium (101) is less than 250 Pa, particularly less than 150 Pa, and even more particularly less than 70 Pa or 30 Pa. The filtration device (100) according to Item 1 or 2. (Item 4) The filtration surface of the filtration medium (101) is 10 times larger, particularly 20 times larger, and even more particularly 40 times larger than the minimum air flow cross-section in the blower unit (102), and / or The filtration medium (101) has a filtration surface (AF) larger than 1 m 2 and particularly larger than 2 m 2 and particularly larger than 4 m 2 and particularly larger than 8 m 2 and is formed larger. The filtration device (100) according to any one of Items 1 to 3. (Item 5) The filtration device (100) has an air volume per square meter of filtration surface per hour less than 600 m 3 / (m 2 ×h), particularly less than 140 m 3 / (m 2 ×h), less than 85 m 3 / (m 2 ×h) or less than 50 m 3 / (m 2 ×h), and / or The filtration device (100) is configured such that the velocity of the volumetric flow of the air (103) passing through the filtration device (100) is within the range of 0.1 to 5 m / s, particularly within the range of 0.2 to 3.4 m / s, and more particularly within the range of 0.3 to 2.8 m / s, the filtration device (100) according to any one of items 1 to 4. (Item 6) The filtration device further has a microphone unit (105), a sound generator (106) and the microphone unit (105) is arranged to measure the noise level of the air (103) in front of the blower unit (102) and / or behind the filter medium (101), the sound generator (106) is configured to generate a canceling sound based on the measured noise level, the filtration device (100) according to any one of items 1 to 5. (Item 7) The filtration device further has an exhaust port (107) for blowing out the air (103) and the filtration device (100) is formed such that the exhaust port (107) is at a position lower than 1 m above the floor surface, particularly lower than 0.5 m, and / or the filtration device (100) is formed such that the exhaust port (107) is at a position higher than 1.8 m above the floor surface, particularly higher than 2 m, the filtration device (100) according to one of items 1 to 6. (Item 8) The filtration device further has a control unit (108) for controlling the blower unit (102) and the control unit (108) is coupled to the blower unit (102) for wirelessly exchanging control command signals, the filtration device (100) according to any one of items 1 to 7. (Item 9) The filtration device further A sensor element (109) for measuring at least one air parameter of the air (103) to be filtered by the filtration device (100) or an operating parameter of the filtration device (100) having the control unit (108) being coupled, in particular for wirelessly exchanging the sensor signals of the sensor element (109), the sensor element (109) providing data relating in particular to the quality of the air and / or to the filter to the control unit (108), in particular using the protocol of RFID, NFC, Bluetooth, WLAN or building management technology, the control unit (108) being configured to be able to generate a warning signal, in particular based on the data relating to the filter, and / or to take measures relating to the flow rate through the filtration device (100), or to measures relating to the blocking or releasing of functions of the filtration device (100), The filtration device (100) according to item 8. (Item 10) The sensor element (109) is a dynamic pressure measuring device, in particular formed so as to be able to measure the static pressure in front of the filter medium (101) upstream and the static pressure and dynamic pressure behind the filter medium (101) downstream, and / or the sensor element (109) having a microphone configured to detect the noise level in the space (200) and to be able to measure the number and intensity of the people making sounds in the space using the measurement and evaluation of the noise level in the space (200), The filtration device (100) according to item 9. (Item 11) the control unit (108) obtaining a unique ID from the filtration device (100), the unique ID having information relating to the location of use of the filtration device (100), the control unit (108) receiving the unique ID via NFC, Bluetooth, WLAN, a proprietary protocol or the protocol of a building management system, in particular LON or EIB, the operation and / or settings of the filtration device (100) being adjustable based on the unique ID, The filtration device (100) according to any one of items 8 to 10. (Item 12) The filtration device further includes a data storage unit (110) coupled to the control unit (108), the blower unit (102) and the sensor element (109) for data exchange and has in particular, the data can be protected using certificates and / or encryption, in particular, the data is a measured value selected from the group consisting of the air flow rate, air temperature, air pressure, in particular absolute pressure and / or differential pressure, filter clogging of the filter medium (101), air humidity, aerosol contamination, PM content and / or foreign matter content of the air (103), and the measurement location of the air measurement passing through the filtration device (100). The filtration device (100) according to item 9 or 11. (Item 13) The sensor element (109) is configured to obtain the energy consumption and / or CO2 emissions of the filtration device (100) based on the air parameters and / or operating parameters of the filtration device (100), in particular the filter clogging and / or operating time of the filter medium (101). The air parameters and / or operating parameters of the filtration device (100) are selected to obtain recommendations regarding filter replacement and / or filter dust removal. In particular, individual parameters can be set at that time. The filtration device (100) according to any one of items 9 to 12. (Item 14) The control unit (108) is configured to variously control the filtration device (100), in particular the blower unit (102), so as to be able to consider the future energy utilization rate and / or the current and / or future energy consumption of the filtration device (100). The control unit (108) controls the filtration device (100) automatically or semi-automatically with an approval function based on the future energy utilization rate and / or the current and / or future energy consumption of the filtration device (100) and / or the building. The filtering device (100) according to any one of items 8 to 13. (Item 15) The filter medium (101) has a filtering material including one fleece layer, in particular a plurality of fleece layers (301, 303), The filter medium (101) can be arranged in the filtering device (100) so as to be replaceable, In particular, the filter medium (101) is a disposable filter, The filtering device (100) according to any one of items 1 to 14. (Item 16) The filter medium (101) has at least two fleece layers (301, 303) and a filter membrane (302) disposed between the fleece layers (301, 303), and the fleece layer and the filter membrane are arranged in a layered manner in a laminate with respect to each other, In particular, the filter membrane (302) in the middle of the laminate has a larger surface than the two outer fleece layers (301, 303), The filtering device (100) according to item 15. (Item 17) The first direction (x) and the second direction (y) define a plane, The intermediate filter membrane (302) is formed such that the wave portions are undulating and the wave portions are arranged side by side along the first direction (x), The wave portions run irregularly and asymmetrically with respect to each other, in particular within the plane, The filter medium (101) is arranged such that air can overflow along the first direction (x) or the second direction (y) in the filter medium (101), The filtering device (100) according to item 16. (Item 18) The filter medium (101) has a thickness of 2 mm to 10 mm, in particular 3 mm to 7 mm, and / or The number of the wave portions is 0.5 to 3 waves per centimeter, The filtering device (100) according to item 17. (Item 19) The surface of the filtration membrane (302) is 30% larger, particularly 80% larger, and even more particularly 200% larger than each of the surfaces of the outer fleece layers (301, 303). The filtration device (100) according to any one of items 15 to 18. (Item 20) The filtration device further includes A measuring device (113) suitable for measuring the filter clogging, particularly capable of canceling the distortion of the measured value due to the pressure of the air (103) flowing through the system having The filtration device (100) according to any one of items 1 to 19. (Item 21) The filtration medium (101) is hydrophobic and / or has a filtration material containing natural fibers or polyolefins, particularly polypropylene, and particularly the filter contains cellulose, cotton, and / or hemp. The filtration device (100) according to any one of items 1 to 20. (Item 22) The filtration medium (101) has a vibroacoustic metamaterial. The filtration device (100) according to any one of items 1 to 21. (Item 23) The filtration device further includes A housing (120) in which the filtration medium (101) and the blower unit (102) are disposed inside having The housing (120) can be disposed within a space (200) of a building, is formed as a space partition, or The housing (120) has a lighting fixture and is configured as a lighting fixture, or The housing (120) has a loudspeaker, or The housing (120) has a sound absorption layer and can be configured as a sound damper and / or a muffler The filtration device (100) according to any one of items 1 to 22. (Item 24) A method for filtering air (103) in a space (200) of a building using the filtering device (100) according to any one of items 1 to 23.

Explanation of Signs

[0092] 100 Filtering device 101 Filter medium 102 Blower unit 103 Air 104 Airflow angle 105 Microphone unit 106 Sound generator 107 Exhaust port 108 Control unit 109 Sensor element 110 Data storage unit 111 Flow path of the blower unit 102 112 Flow path of the filter medium 101 113 Measuring device 120 Housing 200 Space 201 Height of the head of a standing person 202 Lighting 301 Outer fleece layer on the intake side 302 Filter membrane 303 Outer fleece layer on the exhaust side 601 External airflow boundary surface 602 Dynamic pressure measuring instrument 801 Regulator 802 Power amplifier 803 Noise source 804 Noise level x First direction y Second direction z Third direction p1 Pressure on the intake side p2 Pressure on the exhaust side AL Airflow cross-section of the blower unit AF Filter surface of the filter medium

Claims

Claim 1 A filtration device for filtering air within a space of a building, the filtration device comprising: a filter medium; a blower unit; wherein air to be filtered can flow through the filter medium for filtration using the blower unit; the filter medium is configured such that a pressure drop of the air flowing through the filter medium is less than 450 Pascals. A filtration device. The filtration surface of the filtration medium is five times larger than the minimum air flow cross-section in the blower unit, the air flow angle between the flow direction of the air near the filtration inlet to the filtration medium and the filtration surface of the filtration medium changes by 90 degrees, and when the volumetric flow of the air driven by the blower unit exceeds 50 m ３ / h, the sound pressure level of the filtration device is less than 48 dB at a distance of 1 meter from the filtration device, Claim 2 The filtration device according to claim 1, wherein the filtration surface of the filter medium is formed to be larger than a minimum air flow cross-section within the blower unit such that a sound pressure level of the filtration device is below 45 dB, particularly below 38 dB, particularly below 32 dB, and even more particularly below 28 dB at a distance of 1 meter. Claim 3 The filtration device according to claim 1, wherein the filter medium is formed such that a pressure drop of the air flowing through the filter medium is below 250 Pa, particularly below 150 Pa, and even more particularly below 70 Pa or 30 Pa. Claim 4 The filtration surface of the filter medium is 10 times larger, particularly 20 times larger, and even more particularly 40 times larger than a minimum air flow cross-section within the blower unit, and / or Claim 5 The filtration medium has a filtration surface area greater than 1 m ２ and in particular greater than 2 m ２ and in particular greater than 4 m ２ and in particular greater than 8 m ２ The filtration device according to claim 1, which is formed to have a greater area than this. The filtration device according to claim 1, wherein a velocity of a volume flow of the air passing through the filtration device is within a range of 0.1 to 5 m / s, particularly within a range of 0.2 to 3.4 m / s, and even more particularly within a range of 0.3 to 2.8 m / s. The filtration device has an air volume per square meter of filtration surface per hour that is less than 600 m ３ / (m ２ ×h), particularly less than 140 m ３ / (m ２ ×h), less than 85 m ３ / (m ２ ×h), less than or equal to 50 m ３ / (m ２ ×h), and / or Claim 6 The filtration device further comprises: a microphone unit; a sound generator; wherein the microphone unit is arranged to measure a noise level of the air in front of the blower unit and / or behind the filter medium; the sound generator is configured to generate a canceling sound based on the measured noise level. The filtration device according to claim 1. Claim 7 The filtration device further comprises: an exhaust port for blowing out the air; wherein the filtration device is formed such that the exhaust port is at a position lower than 1 m above the floor surface, particularly lower than 0.5 m, and / or the filtration device is formed such that the exhaust port is at a position higher than 1.8 m above the floor surface, particularly higher than 2 m. The filtration device according to claim 1. Claim 8 The filtration device further comprises: a control unit for controlling the blower unit; wherein the control unit is coupled to the blower unit for wirelessly exchanging signals of control commands. The filtration device according to claim 1. ​ ​ ​ ​

9. The filtering device further comprises a sensor element for measuring at least one air parameter of the air to be filtered by the filtering device or an operating parameter of the filtering device and the control unit is coupled, in particular, for wirelessly exchanging the sensor signals of the sensor element the sensor element provides data relating in particular to the quality of the air and / or to the filter to the control unit, in particular using a protocol of RFID, NFC, Bluetooth, WLAN or building management technology the control unit is configured in particular to be able to generate a warning signal based on the data relating to the filter and / or to take measures relating to the flow rate through the filtering device or to the function of blocking or releasing the filtering device The filtering device according to claim 8.

10. The sensor element is a dynamic pressure measuring device, in particular configured to measure the static pressure upstream in front of the filter medium and the static pressure and dynamic pressure downstream behind the filter medium, and / or the sensor element has a microphone configured to detect the noise level in the space and to measure the number and intensity of people speaking in the space using the measurement and evaluation of the noise level in the space The filtering device according to claim 9.

11. The control unit obtains a unique ID from the filtering device, the unique ID having information regarding the location of use of the filtering device the control unit receives the unique ID via NFC, Bluetooth, WLAN, a proprietary protocol or a protocol of a building management system, in particular LON or EIB Based on the unique ID, the operation and / or settings of the filtering device are adjustable The filtering device according to claim 8.

12. The filtering device further comprises a data storage unit coupled to the control unit, the blower unit and the sensor element for data exchange and in particular the data can be protected using certificates and / or encryption in particular the data is a measured value selected from the group consisting of the air flow rate through the filtering device, the air temperature, the air pressure, in particular the absolute pressure and / or the differential pressure, the clogging of the filter medium of the filter, the air humidity, the aerosol contamination, the PM content and / or the foreign matter content of the air, the measurement location of the air measurement The filtering device according to claim 9.

13. The sensor element is configured to obtain the energy consumption and / or CO₂ emissions of the filtration device based on the air parameters and / or the operating parameters of the filtration device, in particular the filter clogging of the filter medium and / or the operating time. The air parameters and / or operating parameters of the filtration device are selected to obtain recommendations regarding filter replacement and / or filter dust removal. In particular, individual parameters can be set in this case. The filtration device according to claim 9.

14. The control unit is configured to variably control the filtration device, in particular the blower unit, so as to be able to take into account the future energy utilization rate and / or the current and / or future energy consumption of the filtration device. The control unit controls the filtration device automatically or semi-automatically with an approval function based on the future energy utilization rate and / or the current and / or future energy consumption of the filtration device and / or the building. The filtration device according to claim 8.

15. The filter medium has a filter material including one fleece layer, in particular a plurality of fleece layers. The filter medium can be arranged in the filtration device so as to be replaceable. In particular, the filter medium is a disposable filter. The filtration device according to claim 1.

16. The filter medium has at least two fleece layers and a filter membrane arranged between the fleece layers, and the fleece layers and the filter membrane are arranged in a layer composite in a layered manner with respect to each other. In particular, the filter membrane in the middle of the layer composite has a larger surface area than the two outer fleece layers. The filtration device according to claim 15.

17. The first direction and the second direction span a plane. The intermediate filter membrane is formed such that the wave portions undulate and the wave portions are arranged side by side along the first direction. The wave portions run irregularly and asymmetrically with respect to each other, in particular within the plane. The filter medium is arranged such that air can overflow along the first direction or the second direction in the filter medium. The filtration device according to claim 16.

18. The filter medium has a thickness of 2 mm to 10 mm, in particular 3 mm to 7 mm, and / or The number of the wave portions is 0.5 to 3 waves per centimeter. The filtration device according to claim 17.

19. The surface of the filtration membrane is 30% larger, particularly 80% larger, and even more particularly 200% larger than each of the surfaces of the outer fleece layer. The filtration device according to claim 16.

20. The filtration device further has a metering device suitable for metering filter clogging, particularly capable of compensating for distortion of measured values due to the pressure of air flowing through the system. having The filtration device according to claim 1.

21. The filtration medium is hydrophobic and / or has a filtration material containing natural fibers or polyolefins, particularly polypropylene, and particularly the filter contains cellulose, cotton and / or hemp. The filtration device according to claim 1.

22. The filtration medium has a vibroacoustic metamaterial. The filtration device according to claim 1.

23. The filtration device further has a housing in which the filtration medium and the blower unit are arranged. having The housing can be arranged in a building space and is formed as a space partition, or The housing has a lighting fixture and is configured as a lighting fixture, or The housing has a loudspeaker, or The housing has a sound-absorbing layer and can be configured as a muffler and / or a silencer. The filtration device according to claim 1.

24. A method for filtering air in a building space using the filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

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