Signal processing method and apparatus

Abstract

The present embodiment is applicable to wireless local area network systems supporting 802.11 series protocols, such as IEEE 802.11ax, next-generation Wi-Fi protocols such as 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT, or next-generation protocols of 802.11be, such as Wi-Fi 8, and may further be applied to UWB-based wireless personal area network systems and sensing systems. The present embodiment provides a signal processing method and apparatus. The method includes receiving a first signal obtained based on a spread spectrum sequence set and N data symbols, where the spread spectrum sequence set includes M spread spectrum sequences, each having a length L, and the M spread spectrum sequences correspond one-to-one to the M data symbols having different values, and the value of the lth chip in any two of the M spread spectrum sequences is the same; and performing frequency offset estimation based on the first signal. According to the present application, the first signal includes a fixed signal segment, thereby allowing the receiving end device to perform frequency offset estimation based on the first signal.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202211021969.8, entitled "Signal Processing Method and Apparatus," filed with the State Intellectual Property Administration of China on August 24, 2022, and Chinese Patent Application No. 202211000990.X, entitled "Signal Processing Method and Apparatus," filed with the State Intellectual Property Administration of China on August 19, 2022, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. Technical Field TECHNICAL FIELD Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and more particularly to signal processing methods and apparatus. [Background technology]

[0002] Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is a wireless carrier communication technology in which data is transmitted through narrow, non-sinusoidal pulses at the nanosecond level. In UWB technology, data is transmitted through narrow pulses, and the radiation spectral density is low. Therefore, UWB technology has advantages such as strong multipath resolution, low power consumption, and high secrecy. Communication using UWB technology has become one of the popular physical layer technologies in short-range, high-speed wireless networks.

[0003] Because the communication bandwidth of devices that use UWB technology for communication is large, the power consumption of such devices is large. In order to reduce the power consumption of UWB systems, a narrowband (NB) signal-assisted scheme may be used, in which all signals except for reference signals used for ranging and sensing are transmitted and received by using a narrowband system, thereby reducing the overall power consumption overhead.

[0004] In a narrowband signal-assisted UWB scenario, if a receiving end device can estimate a carrier frequency offset (CFO) based on a received narrowband signal, the receiving end device can perform channel compensation based on the CFO and receive a UWB signal. Furthermore, after receiving the UWB signal, the receiving end device can further perform phase compensation on the UWB signal based on the CFO. However, based on existing narrowband signal transmission solutions, the receiving end device cannot estimate the CFO based on the received narrowband signal. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a signal processing method and apparatus to enable a receiving end device to estimate a carrier frequency offset based on a received signal. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] According to a first aspect, a signal processing method is provided. The method may be performed by a communication device or by a component (e.g., a chip or a circuit) of the communication device. This is not limited. For ease of explanation, an example in which the method is performed by a receiving end device is used below for explanation.

[0007] The method may include receiving a first signal, the first signal being obtained based on a spread spectrum sequence set and N data symbols, the spread spectrum sequence set including M spread spectrum sequences of length L, the M spread spectrum sequences of length L corresponding one-to-one to the M data symbols having different values, the value of an l-th chip included in any two of the M spread spectrum sequences of length L is the same, N, M, and L are positive integers, and l=1 or l=L; and performing frequency offset estimation based on the first signal.

[0008] The l-th chip value in any two of M spread-spectrum sequences of length L being the same may be understood as the first chip value in each spread-spectrum sequence in the set of spread-spectrum sequences being a fixed value, or may be understood as the last chip value in each spread-spectrum sequence in the set of spread-spectrum sequences being a fixed value.

[0009] Based on the aforementioned technical solution, the value of the first chip in each spread spectrum sequence in the spread spectrum sequence set is a fixed value, or the value of the last chip in each spread spectrum sequence in the spread spectrum sequence set is a fixed value, so that the transmitting end device obtains the periodic fixed signal segments included in the first signal based on the spread spectrum sequence set and the N data symbols, so that the receiving end device can perform frequency offset estimation based on the periodic fixed signal segments included in the first signal.

[0010] In addition, compared to a scheme that performs frequency offset estimation by periodically inserting a known fixed chip sequence, the method provided in the embodiments of the present application does not increase additional overhead and therefore does not increase the air interface transmission time.

[0011] In some implementations of the first aspect, the first signal is obtained by modulating a second signal, the second signal being obtained by performing spread spectrum processing on N data symbols based on a spread spectrum sequence set, and the second signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal, the first sub-signal being obtained by performing spread spectrum processing on a (2n+1)th data symbol among the N data symbols based on a first spread spectrum sequence within the spread spectrum sequence set, the first spread spectrum sequence corresponding to the (2n+1)th data symbol, where n is an integer and 0≦n≦(N−1) / 2. The second subsignal is obtained by performing a spread spectrum process on a 2n-th data symbol in the N symbols based on a second spread spectrum sequence, the second spread spectrum sequence being in the spread spectrum sequence set and being obtained by performing a first process on a third spread spectrum sequence corresponding to the 2n-th data symbol, and the value of the |l-(L+1)|-th chip included in the second spread spectrum sequence is the same as the value of the l-th chip included in the third spread spectrum sequence.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the value of the l-th chip included in the first spread-spectrum sequence is the same as the value of the l-th chip included in the third spread-spectrum sequence, and the value of the l-th chip included in the third spread-spectrum sequence is the same as the value of the |l-(L+1)|-th chip included in the second spread-spectrum sequence, so that the value of the l-th chip included in the first spread-spectrum sequence is the same as the value of the |l-(L+1)|-th chip included in the second spread-spectrum sequence, i.e., the values ​​of two chips in two consecutive data symbols are fixed. Furthermore, even if the first signal is obtained by performing offset quadrature phase shift keying (O-QPSK) modulation on the second signal, the first signal can also include periodic fixed signal segments, so that the receiving end device can perform frequency offset estimation based on the periodic fixed signal segments included in the first signal.

[0013] In relation to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first processing includes a cyclic shift and / or an inversion.

[0014] In relation to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the Hamming distance between any two different spread-spectrum sequences in the set of spread-spectrum sequences is 8 or greater.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the minimum Hamming distance of the spread spectrum sequence set is greater than or equal to 8, so that the spread spectrum sequences corresponding to different data symbols are significantly different, which can reduce the probability of the receiving end device misdetermining the data symbols and improve the system transmission performance.

[0016] In relation to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, L=16, M=16, where in a matrix containing M spread-spectrum sequences of length L, each column except the l-th column contains 8 ones and 8 zeros, and each row of the matrix corresponds to one spread-spectrum sequence in the set of spread-spectrum sequences.

[0017] Based on the aforementioned technical solution, in a matrix having length L and including M spread spectrum sequences, if each column except the l-th column contains 8 ones and 8 zeros, it can be guaranteed that the Hamming distance between any two spread spectrum sequences included in the spread spectrum sequence set is greater than or equal to 8.

[0018] In relation to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, l=1 and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {1010101010101010}, {1100110011001100}, {1001100110011001}, {1111000011110000}, {1010010110100101}, {1 100001111000011},{1001011010010110},{1111111100000000},{10101010010101},{1100110000110011},{1001100101100110},{1111000000001111},{1010010101011010},{1100001100111100},{1001011001101001}.

[0019] In relation to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, l=L, and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {0010101010101011}, {0100110011001101}, {1001100110011001}, {0111000011110001}, {1010010110100101}, {1 100001111000011},{0001011010010111},{0111111100000001},{1010101001010101},{1100110000110011},{0001100101100111},{1111000000001111},{0010010101011011},{0100001100111101},{1001011001101001}.

[0020] In relation to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, l=1 and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {1111011001010000}, {1011101100101000}, {1001110110010100}, {1000111011001010}, {1000011101100101}, {1 100001110110010},{1010000111011001},{1101000011101100},{1010100001110110},{1001010000111011},{1100101000011101},{1110010100001110},{1011001010000111},{1101100101000011},{11101100101000011}.

[0021] In relation to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, l=L, and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {0111011001010001}, {0011101100101001}, {0001110110010101}, {0000111011001011}, {1000011101100101}, {0 100001110110011},{1010000111011001},{0101000011101101},{0010100001110111},{100101000011101},{1100101000011101},{0110010100001111},{1011001010000111},{1101100101000011},{1110110010100001}.

[0022] In relation to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first signal is obtained by performing offset quadrature phase shift keying modulation on the second signal.

[0023] In relation to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the N data symbols are obtained based on data bits included in a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), and the step of receiving the first signal includes receiving the first signal by using a narrowband.

[0024] Based on the above technical solution, in a narrowband-assisted ultra-wideband (UWB) application scenario, when a receiving end device receives a first signal by using a narrowband, the receiving end device may perform frequency offset estimation based on the first signal. Furthermore, the receiving end device may perform channel compensation based on the estimated carrier frequency offset to assist the receiving end device in receiving the UWB signal. After receiving the UWB signal, the receiving end device may further perform phase compensation on the UWB signal based on the estimated carrier frequency offset.

[0025] According to a second aspect, there is provided a signal processing method. The method may be performed by a communication device or by a component (e.g., a chip or a circuit) of the communication device. This is not limited. For ease of explanation, an example in which the method is performed by a transmitting end device is used for explanation below.

[0026] The method may include obtaining a first signal based on a set of spread spectrum sequences and N data symbols, where the set of spread spectrum sequences includes M spread spectrum sequences of length L, the M spread spectrum sequences of length L corresponding one-to-one to the M data symbols having different values, the value of the l-th chip included in any two of the M spread spectrum sequences of length L is the same, N, M, and L are positive integers, and l=1 or l=L; and transmitting the first signal.

[0027] For beneficial effects of the second aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the second aspect, please refer to the first aspect.

[0028] In some implementations of the second aspect, the step of obtaining a first signal based on the set of spread spectrum sequences and the N data symbols includes: performing spread spectrum processing on the N data symbols based on the set of spread spectrum sequences to obtain a second signal; and modulating the second signal to obtain the first signal. The second signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal. The first sub-signal is obtained by performing spread spectrum processing on a (2n+1)th data symbol among the N data symbols based on a first spread spectrum sequence in the set of spread spectrum sequences, where the first spread spectrum sequence corresponds to the (2n+1)th data symbol, where n is an integer and 0≦n≦(N−1) / 2. The second sub-signal is obtained by performing a spread spectrum process on a 2n-th data symbol of the N symbols based on a second spread spectrum sequence, the second spread spectrum sequence being in the spread spectrum sequence set and being obtained by performing a first process on a third spread spectrum sequence corresponding to the 2n-th data symbol, and the value of the l-(L+1)-th chip included in the second spread spectrum sequence is the same as the value of the l-th chip included in the third spread spectrum sequence.

[0029] With respect to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first processing includes a cyclic shift and / or an inversion.

[0030] In relation to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the Hamming distance between any two different spread-spectrum sequences in the set of spread-spectrum sequences is 8 or greater.

[0031] In relation to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, L=16, M=16, where in a matrix containing M spread-spectrum sequences of length L, each column except the l-th column contains eight ones and eight zeros, and each row of the matrix corresponds to one spread-spectrum sequence in the set of spread-spectrum sequences.

[0032] Related to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, l=1 and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {1010101010101010}, {1100110011001100}, {1001100110011001}, {1111000011110000}, {1010010110100101}, {1 100001111000011},{1001011010010110},{1111111100000000},{10101010010101},{1100110000110011},{1001100101100110},{1111000000001111},{1010010101011010},{1100001100111100},{1001011001101001}.

[0033] In relation to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, l=L, and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {0010101010101011}, {0100110011001101}, {1001100110011001}, {0111000011110001}, {10100101101 00101},{1100001111000011},{0001011010010111},{0111111100000001},{1010101001010101},{1100110000110011},{0001100101100111},{1111000000001111},{0010010101011011},{0100001100111101}, {1001011001101001}.

[0034] Related to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, l=1 and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {1111011001010000}, {1011101100101000}, {1001110110010100}, {1000111011001010}, {1000011101100101}, {1 100001110110010},{1010000111011001},{1101000011101100},{1010100001110110},{1001010000111011},{1100101000011101},{1110010100001110},{1011001010000111},{1101100101000011},{11101100101000011}.

[0035] Related to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, l=L, and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {0111011001010001}, {0011101100101001}, {0001110110010101}, {0000111011001011}, {1000011101100101}, {0 100001110110011},{1010000111011001},{0101000011101101},{0010100001110111},{100101000011101},{1100101000011101},{0110010100001111},{1011001010000111},{1101100101000011},{1110110010100001}.

[0036] Related to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the step of modulating the second signal to obtain the first signal includes performing offset quadrature phase shift keying modulation on the second signal to obtain the first signal.

[0037] In relation to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the N data symbols are obtained based on data bits included in the PPDU, and the step of transmitting the first signal includes transmitting the first signal by using a narrowband.

[0038] According to a third aspect, there is provided an apparatus configured to perform a method according to any one of the implementations of the first and second aspects. Specifically, the apparatus may include units and / or modules configured to perform the method according to the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect, or may include units and / or modules, such as a processing unit and / or a transceiver unit, configured to perform the method according to the second aspect or any one of the implementations of the second aspect.

[0039] In some implementations, the apparatus is a device (e.g., a transmitting end device or a receiving end device). When the apparatus is a device, the transceiver unit may be a transceiver or an input / output interface, and the processing unit may be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0040] In another implementation, the apparatus is a chip, chip system, or circuit used in a device (e.g., a transmitting end device or a receiving end device). When the apparatus is a chip, chip system, or circuit used in a device, the transceiver unit may be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, associated circuit, etc. within the chip, chip system, or circuit, and the processing unit may be at least one processor, processing circuit, logic circuit, etc.

[0041] According to a fourth aspect, there is provided an apparatus, the apparatus including: a memory configured to store a program; and at least one processor configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in the memory to perform a method according to any one of the implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0042] In some implementations, the apparatus is a device (eg, a transmitting end device or a receiving end device).

[0043] In another implementation, the apparatus is a chip, chip system, or circuit used in a device (e.g., a transmitting end device or a receiving end device).

[0044] According to a fifth aspect, the present application provides a processor configured to perform the methods according to the previous aspects.

[0045] Operations such as transmitting and / or receiving related to a processor may be understood as operations such as output, reception, and input of the processor, or transmission and reception operations performed by radio frequency circuits and antennas, unless otherwise specified or unless the operations contradict the actual function or internal logic of the operations in the relevant description. This is not a limitation in this application.

[0046] According to a sixth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing program code for execution by a device, the program code, when executed on a computer, performing a method according to any one of the implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0047] According to a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to carry out a method according to any one of the implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0048] According to an eighth aspect, there is provided a chip including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor reads instructions stored in a memory through the communication interface to execute a method according to any one of the implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0049] Optionally, in some implementations, the chip further includes the memory, wherein the memory stores the computer program or the instructions, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program or the instructions stored in the memory, which, when executed, configures the processor to perform a method according to any one of the implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0050] According to a ninth aspect, there is provided a communication system including the aforementioned transmitting end device and the aforementioned receiving end device. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0051] [Figure 1] 1A and 1B are diagrams of two application scenarios applicable to embodiments of the present application; [Figure 2] 1 is a diagram of a PPDU structure to which an embodiment of the present application can be applied; [Figure 3] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a transmitting end performing modulation through O-QPSK modulation and spectrum spreading on a signal; [Figure 4] This figure shows the chip offset in O-QPSK modulation. [Figure 5] 1 is a diagram of a baseband chip sequence formed after pulse shaping is performed on a modulated signal. [Figure 6] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 7] This figure shows the chip offset in O-QPSK modulation. [Figure 8] 1 is a diagram of an apparatus 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 9]2 is a diagram of an apparatus 2000 according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 10] 3 is a diagram of a chip system 3000 according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0052] The following describes the technical solutions of the embodiments in this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] The technical solution of the present application may be applied to a wireless personal area network (WPAN). The standard used for WPAN is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.15 series. WPAN may be used for communication between digital auxiliary devices within a short range, such as a telephone, a computer, and an auxiliary device. The operating range of WPAN is typically within 10 meters (m). For example, technologies supporting wireless personal area networks include, but are not limited to, Bluetooth (registered trademark), ZigBee (registered trademark), ultra-wideband (UWB), infrared data association (IrDA) infrared connection technology, and Home Radio Frequency (HomeRF). From the perspective of network configuration, WPAN may be located at the lowest layer of the overall network architecture and is used for wireless connection between devices within a short range, i.e., point-to-point short-range connection. WPAN can be considered a short-range wireless communication network. Based on different application scenarios, WPANs can be classified into high-rate (HR)-WPANs and low-rate (LR)-WPANs. HR-WPANs may be used to support various high-speed multimedia applications, including high-quality audio and video distribution, multi-megabyte music and image document transmission, etc. LR-WPANs can be used for common services in daily life.

[0054] In a WPAN, devices can be classified into full-function devices (FFDs) and reduced-function devices (RFDs) based on their communication capabilities. RFDs are mainly used for simple control applications, such as optical switches or passive infrared sensors. RFDs transmit small amounts of data, occupy small amounts of transmission and communication resources, and have low costs. FFDs can communicate with each other, and FFDs and RFDs can also communicate with each other. Typically, RFDs do not communicate directly with each other; instead, they communicate with FFDs or forward data externally through FFDs. An FFD associated with an RFD can also be called the RFD's coordinator. A coordinator is sometimes called a personal area network (PAN) coordinator, a central control node, or the like. The PAN coordinator is the main control node for the entire network. Each ad hoc network has one PAN coordinator, primarily configured to perform member identity management, link information management, and packet forwarding functions. Optionally, the devices in the embodiments of the present application may be devices that support multiple WPAN standards, such as 802.15.4a, 802.15.4z, the version currently being discussed, or a later version.

[0055] In this application, a device may be a tag, a communication server, a router, a switch, a bridge, a computer, a mobile phone, a smart home device, an in-vehicle communication device, a wearable device, etc. A wearable device, also known as a wearable intelligent device, is a general term for wearable devices such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothes, and shoes that are developed by applying wearable technology to the intelligent design of everyday wearable items. A wearable device is a portable device that can be worn directly on the body or integrated into a user's clothing or accessories. A wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also implements powerful functions through software support, data exchange, and cloud interaction. Typical wearable intelligent devices include full-featured large devices that can implement all or some functions independently of a smartphone, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and devices that focus only on one type of application function and need to cooperate with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bands or smart jewelry for monitoring physical symptoms.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present application, a device includes a hardware layer, an operating system layer running above the hardware layer, and an application layer running above the operating system layer. The hardware layer includes hardware such as a central processing unit (CPU), a memory management unit (MMU), and memory (also referred to as main memory). The operating system may be any one or more computer operating systems that perform service processing through processes, such as the Linux operating system, Unix operating system, Android operating system, iOS operating system, or Windows operating system. The application layer includes applications such as a browser, an address book, word processing software, and instant messaging software. In addition, the specific structure of an entity for executing a method provided in an embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application. It is sufficient for the entity to execute a program recording the code of the method provided in the embodiment of the present application to communicate according to the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. For example, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be executed by an FFD, an RFD, or a functional module within the FFD or RFD that can call and execute a program.

[0057] The above description of the WPAN is merely an illustrative example and does not limit the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application.

[0058] The present application is applicable to a wireless local area network system supporting an 802.11 series protocol, for example, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or next-generation wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) protocol of IEEE 802.11ax, such as extreme high throughput (EHT), or in another example, next-generation protocols of 802.11be, Wi-Fi 8, or Wi-Fi artificial intelligence (AI), and may further be applicable to an UWB-based wireless personal area network system or a sensing system. Note that hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described using an example in which the present application is applied to a UWB-based wireless personal area network system.

[0059] It may be understood that the embodiments of the present application may further be applied to another communication system, for example, a sixth generation (6G) mobile communication system, a fifth generation (5G) system, or a long term evolution (LTE) system. The embodiments of the present application may further be applied to future communication systems. The embodiments of the present application may further be applied to device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine type communication (MTC), an internet of things (IoT) communication system, or another communication system. The communication scheme applicable to the present application is not limited thereto. This will be mentioned only once here and will not be repeated below.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present application, the transmitting end device and / or the receiving end device may be a station (STA) in a wireless local area network (WLAN). For example, the station may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a set-top box, a smart TV, a smart wearable device, an in-vehicle communication device, or a computer supporting Wi-Fi communication function. Optionally, the station may support the 802.11be standard. The station may also support multiple WLAN standards of the 802.11 family, such as 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a.

[0061] In addition, the transmitting end device and / or the receiving end device in the embodiments of the present application may alternatively be an access point (AP) in a WLAN. The access point may be an access point for a terminal device (e.g., a mobile phone) to access a wired (or wireless) network, and is mainly deployed in a home, building, or campus, with a typical coverage radius ranging from tens of meters to hundreds of meters, or may of course be deployed outdoors. The access point is equivalent to a bridge connecting a wired network and a wireless network. The main function of the access point is to connect various wireless network clients to each other and then connect the wireless network to Ethernet. Specifically, the access point may be a terminal device (e.g., a mobile phone) or a network device (e.g., a router) with a Wi-Fi chip. The access point may also be a device supporting the 802.11be standard. The access point may alternatively be a device that supports multiple WLAN standards in the 802.11 family, such as 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a.

[0062] The access points and stations may alternatively be devices applied in the Internet of Things (IoT), such as the Internet of Vehicles, Internet of Things nodes, sensors, smart cameras, smart remote controls, or smart water or electricity meters in smart homes, sensors in smart cities, etc.

[0063] In the following, with reference to FIG. 1, a brief description will be given of application scenarios to which the present application can be applied.

[0064] Figure 1 shows two application scenarios of the present invention. System 101 shown in Figure 1(A) is a communication system with a star topology, and system 102 shown in Figure 1(B) is a communication system with a peer-to-peer topology.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 1A, system 101 may include multiple FFDs and multiple RFDs, and the multiple FFDs and multiple RFDs may form a communication system with a star topology. One of the multiple FFDs is a PAN coordinator. In the communication system with a star topology, the PAN coordinator may perform data transmission with one or more other devices. Specifically, a one-to-many or many-to-one data transmission architecture may be established between the multiple devices.

[0066] As shown in FIG. 1B, the system 102 may include multiple FFDs and one RFD, and the multiple FFDs and RFDs may form a communication system with a peer-to-peer topology. One of the multiple FFDs is a PAN coordinator. In the communication system with a peer-to-peer topology, a many-to-many data transmission architecture may be established between multiple different devices.

[0067] It should be understood that Figures 1A and 1B are merely simplified diagrams for ease of understanding and do not constitute limitations on application scenarios of the present application. For example, system 101 and / or system 102 may further include other FFDs and / or RFDs.

[0068] UWB technology transmits data via narrow, non-sinusoidal pulses at the nanosecond level, occupying a fairly wide spectrum range. Because data is transmitted via narrow pulses, UWB technology has very low spectral density. Therefore, UWB technology offers advantages such as strong multipath resolution, low power consumption, and high privacy. Currently, UWB technology is incorporated into the IEEE 802 series of wireless standards. The WPAN standard IEEE 802.15.4a and its advanced version IEEE 802.15.4z, based on UWB technology, have been released. The next generation WPAN standard, 802.15.4ab, is currently being developed.

[0069] UWB technology transmits data not through a carrier wave as in conventional communication systems, but through the reception and transmission of extremely narrow impulses at the nanosecond or subnanosecond level. This places high demands on the time synchronization of transceiver devices. Furthermore, the large communication bandwidth of UWB technology means that devices have high power consumption and complexity when transmitting and receiving signals over ultra-wideband channels. Most UWB communication devices are battery-powered. Next-generation standards are expected to further reduce the power consumption of UWB systems. Therefore, all signals, except for reference signals for ranging and sensing, are received and transmitted in a narrowband (NB) signal-assisted system. This reduces the overall power consumption overhead.

[0070] A narrowband signal is a signal whose effective bandwidth is much smaller than the carrier frequency or center frequency of the source signal. In actual communications, the frequency band resources allocated to a user equipment and the actual propagation environment are jointly called a channel, and the channel has specific spectral characteristics. Generally, the wider the allocated frequency band resources, the more stable the propagation environment and the higher the data rate the channel can accommodate. In the signal waveform spectrum, the signal bandwidth (or "source characteristics") is represented as Δf, and the carrier frequency (or "channel characteristics") is represented as fc. If Δf is much smaller than fc, the system is a narrowband system. It can be seen that both "narrowband channel" and "narrowband signal" are actually defined in the same category and complement each other.

[0071] Figure 2 is a diagram of the structure of a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) for a narrowband signal. As shown in Figure 2, the PPDU for a narrowband signal includes a preamble, a start-of-frame delimiter (SFD), a physical header (PHR), and a physical layer (PHY) payload field, where the PHY payload field may be understood as a physical layer service data unit (PSDU). In addition, the preamble and the start-of-frame delimiter may be collectively referred to as a synchronization header (SHR).

[0072] Narrowband signals used to support UWB may be transmitted using an offset quadrature phase shift keying (O-QPSK) modulation scheme. To enhance system robustness, before O-QPSK modulation, the transmitting end device maps four encoded (or unencoded) bit information to a specific length of spread spectrum sequence. Furthermore, the receiving end device may determine the bit information transmitted by the transmitting end device by using the spread spectrum sequence.

[0073] 3 is a schematic flowchart of a transmitting device performing O-QPSK modulation and spectrum spreading on a signal. As shown in FIG. 3, the transmitting device sequentially performs bit-to-symbol mapping, symbol-to-chip mapping, and O-QPSK modulation on binary data in a PPDU to obtain a modulated signal, and then transmits the modulated signal.

[0074] Specifically, in the process of the transmitting end device performing bit-to-symbol mapping on the binary data in the PPDU, the binary data in the PPDU is mapped to one data symbol by using every four bits as one group. For example, based on the mapping relationship shown in Table 1, the transmitting end may map four binary bits "0000" to the data symbol "0". In another example, based on the mapping relationship shown in Table 1, the transmitting end may map four binary bits "1000" to the data symbol "1". In the process of performing symbol-to-chip mapping, the transmitting end device maps each data symbol to a spread spectrum sequence having a length of 16. For example, based on the mapping relationship shown in Table 1, the transmitting end may map the data symbol "0" to the spread spectrum sequence {0011 1110 0010 0101}. [Table 1]

[0075] Figure 4 is a diagram of chip offset in O-QPSK modulation. As shown in Figure 4, in O-QPSK modulation, even-indexed chips are modulated onto an in-phase (I-phase) carrier and a quadrature-phase (Q-phase) carrier. The chips on the quadrature-phase carrier are offset by one chip time (i.e., T c ), thereby creating an offset between the in-phase and quadrature chip modulations. After pulse shaping is performed on the modulated signal, a baseband chip sequence is formed. When half-sine pulse shaping is used, the resulting baseband chip sequence is shown in Figure 5, where j in Figure 5 represents the imaginary unit.

[0076] In a narrowband signal-assisted UWB scenario, if a receiving end device can estimate a carrier frequency offset (CFO) based on a received narrowband signal, the receiving end device can perform channel compensation based on the CFO and receive a UWB signal. Furthermore, after receiving the UWB signal, the receiving end device can further perform phase compensation on the UWB signal based on the CFO. However, based on existing narrowband signal transmission solutions, the receiving end device cannot estimate the CFO based on the received narrowband signal.

[0077] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a signal processing method to enable a receiving end device to estimate a carrier frequency offset based on a received signal.

[0078] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following explanation is provided.

[0079] The terms "first" and "second" used herein are merely for ease of description and are used to distinguish between objects and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, "first" and "second" are used to distinguish between different spread spectrum sequences, but are not intended to describe a particular order or hierarchy. It should be understood that objects so described are interchangeable in appropriate circumstances, thereby allowing solutions other than the embodiments of the present application to be described.

[0080] The term "and / or" in this specification only describes an association relationship for describing associated objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this specification generally indicates an "or" relationship between associated objects. Furthermore, in the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise specified.

[0081] Without loss of generality, the following describes in detail the signal processing method provided in the embodiments of the present application by using the interaction between a transmitting end device and a receiving end device as an example.

[0082] By way of example and not limitation, the transmitting end device may be a device capable of communication in a WPAN, such as an FFD or RFD. Similarly, the receiving end device may be a device capable of communication in a WPAN, such as an FFD or RFD.

[0083] It should be understood that the specific types of the transmitting end device and the receiving end device are not limited in the embodiments of the present application, as long as the transmitting end device and the receiving end device have signal receiving and transmitting functions.

[0084] 6 is a schematic flow chart of a signal processing method 600 according to an embodiment of the present application. The method includes the following steps:

[0085] S610: A transmitting end device obtains a first signal based on a spread spectrum sequence set and N data symbols.

[0086] The spread spectrum sequence set includes M spread spectrum sequences, each of which has length L, and the M spread spectrum sequences of length L correspond one-to-one to M data symbols with different values, and the value of the l-th chip included in any two of the M spread spectrum sequences of length L is the same, where N, M, and L are positive integers, and l = 1 or l = L. In other words, the value of the first chip included in each spread spectrum sequence in the spread spectrum sequence set is a fixed value, or the value of the last chip included in each spread spectrum sequence in the spread spectrum sequence set is a fixed value. For example, the fixed value is 1 or 0. A spread spectrum sequence having length L may be understood as a spread spectrum sequence including L chips.

[0087] N data symbols are determined based on N' data bits, where N' is a positive integer. For example, one of the N data symbols is obtained by mapping four data bits onto the N' data bits, and a different data symbol among the N data symbols is obtained by mapping a different data bit onto the N' data bits. Mapping four data bits to obtain one data symbol means that four binary data bits are mapped into one decimal data symbol.

[0088] For example, the N' data bits are the data bits included in the PPDU, specifically, the N' data bits include the data bits that make up the preamble of the PPDU, the data bits that make up the SFD of the PPDU, the data bits that make up the PHR of the PPDU, and the data bits that make up the payload of the PPDU.

[0089] It can be understood that four bits can form 16 different binary data, so when one data symbol is obtained by mapping four data bits, there are also 16 possible values ​​of the data symbol, in other words, the possible values ​​of the data symbol are from 0 to 15. Furthermore, in order to perform spread spectrum processing on the data symbols with different values, the spread spectrum sequence set can include 16 spread spectrum sequences, each of which has a length L.

[0090] It should be understood that the spread spectrum sequence set may alternatively include more or fewer spread spectrum sequences, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. For example, if one data symbol is obtained by mapping two data bits, the spread spectrum sequence set may include four spread spectrum sequences each having a length of L. In another example, if one data symbol is obtained by mapping eight data bits, the spread spectrum sequence set may include 64 spread spectrum sequences each having a length of L.

[0091] Optionally, the minimum Hamming distance of a set of spread spectrum sequences is greater than or equal to 8. In other words, the Hamming distance between any two spread spectrum sequences in the set of spread spectrum sequences is greater than or equal to 8. The minimum Hamming distance between any two spread spectrum sequences in the set of spread spectrum sequences is called the minimum Hamming distance of the set of spread spectrum sequences. The Hamming distance between two spread spectrum sequences is the number of chips that have different values ​​in corresponding positions in the two spread spectrum sequences. In other words, the Hamming distance between two sequences is the number of chips that need to be replaced when one spread spectrum sequence is transformed into another spread spectrum sequence. For example, the Hamming distance between the spread spectrum sequence {111111111111111} and the spread spectrum sequence {1010101010101010} is 8.

[0092] If a spread-spectrum sequence set contains M spread-spectrum sequences, a total of M(M-1) / 2 different combinations of spread-spectrum sequences can be formed when two of the spread-spectrum sequences in the spread-spectrum sequence set are combined. Suppose the value of the i-th chip in each of the k spread-spectrum sequences is 1 and the value of the i-th chip in each of the (Mk) spread-spectrum sequences is 0. In this case, the sum of the Hamming distances contributed by the i-th chip to the combinations of the M(M-1) / 2 spread-spectrum sequences is equal to k(Mk), and both the k spread-spectrum sequences and the (Mk) spread-spectrum sequences belong to the M spread-spectrum sequences, where k is a positive integer, 1≦i≦L, and i is not equal to l.

[0093] Furthermore, if k is used as the independent variable of a quadratic function, the sum of the Hamming distances contributed by the ith chip to the combination of M(M-1) / 2 spread spectrum sequences is used as the dependent variable of the quadratic function, and M is used as a coefficient, then based on the properties of quadratic functions, when k=M / 2, the sum of the Hamming distances contributed by the ith chip to the combination of M(M-1) / 2 spread spectrum sequences is at most (M 2 As mentioned above, either the value of the first chip in each of the M spread spectrum sequences is a fixed value, or the value of the last chip in each of the M spread spectrum sequences is a fixed value. In other words, when the length of the spread spectrum sequence is L, the number of chips that can contribute to the Hamming distance for a combination of M(M-1) / 2 spread spectrum sequences is (L-1). Therefore, the maximum value of the sum of the Hamming distances for a combination of M(M-1) / 2 spread spectrum sequences is

number

number

[0094] From the above, we can see that the minimum Hamming distance of the spread spectrum sequence set is less than or equal to 8(L-1) / 15 when M = 16. Therefore, to ensure that the Hamming distance between any two spread spectrum sequences in the spread spectrum sequence set is greater than or equal to 8, the length L of the spread spectrum sequences is at least 16.

[0095] For example, the length of the spread-spectrum sequence, L, is 16. Based on the above analysis, when L=16, to ensure that the Hamming distance between any two spread-spectrum sequences in the set is 8 or greater, the value of the i-th chip in M / 2 spread-spectrum sequences among the M spread-spectrum sequences is 1, and the value of the i-th chip in the other M / 2 spread-spectrum sequences is 0. When each of the M spread-spectrum sequences is used as a row of a matrix, the i-th column of the matrix containing the set of spread-spectrum sequences contains M / 2 ones and M / 2 zeros. In other words, since i is not equal to l, in the matrix containing the set of spread-spectrum sequences, each column other than the l-th column contains M / 2 ones and M / 2 zeros. For example, when M=16 and L=16, in the matrix containing the set of spread-spectrum sequences, each column other than the l-th column contains eight ones and eight zeros.

[0096] For example, M=16, L=16, and the spreading sequences included in the set of spreading sequences provided in this embodiment of the present application are shown in Table 2. Table 2 further illustrates an example of the correspondence between spreading sequences and data symbols. [Table 2]

[0097] The matrix H1 containing the 16 spreading sequences shown in Table 2 can be expressed as follows:

number

[0098] It can be seen that each of the second to sixteenth columns of matrix H1 contains eight ones and eight zeros.

[0099] As another example, where M=16 and L=16, the sequences included in the set of spread spectrum sequences provided in this embodiment of the present application are shown in Table 3. Table 3 further illustrates an example of the correspondence between spread spectrum sequences and data symbols. [Table 3]

[0100] The matrix H2 containing the 16 spreading sequences shown in Table 3 can be expressed as follows:

number

[0101] It can be seen that each of the second to sixteenth columns of matrix H2 contains eight ones and eight zeros.

[0102] It should be noted that the correspondence between the spread spectrum sequences and data symbols with different values ​​shown in Tables 2 and 3 is merely an example. This is not limited to this embodiment of the present application, and it is sufficient that the spread spectrum sequences correspond one-to-one to the data symbols with different values. For example, another example of the correspondence between the spread spectrum sequences and data symbols with different values ​​shown in Table 2 is as follows: The first spread spectrum sequence {111111111111111} shown in Table 2 corresponds to the data symbol with a value of 15, the second spread spectrum sequence {1010101010101010} shown in Table 2 corresponds to the data symbol with a value of 14, ..., the sixteenth spread spectrum sequence {1001011001101001} shown in Table 2 corresponds to the data symbol with a value of 0.

[0103] It should be further noted that the spread spectrum sequences shown in Tables 2 and 3 are merely examples. The specific form of the spread spectrum sequences included in the spread spectrum sequence set is not limited in this embodiment of the present application, and may include the following: the value of the first chip in each spread spectrum sequence in the spread spectrum sequence set is a fixed value, and optionally, the Hamming distance between any two spread spectrum sequences in the spread spectrum sequence set is 8 or more; or the value of the last chip in each spread spectrum sequence in the spread spectrum sequence set is a fixed value, and optionally, the Hamming distance between any two spread spectrum sequences in the spread spectrum sequence set is 8 or more; or

[0104] For example, M=16 and L=16, and each spread spectrum sequence included in the set of spread spectrum sequences may be a variation of a spread spectrum sequence shown in Table 2 or Table 3. For example, after exchanging the first and last chips in each spread spectrum sequence shown in Table 2 or Table 3, 16 new spread spectrum sequences are obtained, and then the set of spread spectrum sequences may include the 16 new spread spectrum sequences. Alternatively, after exchanging any number of chips other than the lth chip in each spread spectrum sequence shown in Table 2 or Table 3, 16 new spread spectrum sequences are obtained. For example, the second and fourth chips in each spread spectrum sequence shown in Table 2 or Table 3 are exchanged, and the seventh and eighth chips in each spread spectrum sequence shown in Table 2 or Table 3 are exchanged, so that the set of spread spectrum sequences may include 16 new spread spectrum sequences. Alternatively, 16 new spread spectrum sequences are obtained after negating the value of the q-th chip in each spread spectrum sequence shown in Table 2 or Table 3, and the spread spectrum sequence set includes the 16 new chip sequences, where q=1, 2, 3, ..., 16. Negating a chip value refers to changing the chip value from 1 to 0 or changing the chip value from 0 to 1.

[0105] It should be noted that the conversion operation on the spread spectrum sequences shown in Table 2 or Table 3 may include multiple of the above operations. For example, after the first chip and the last chip in each spread spectrum sequence shown in Table 2 or Table 3 are swapped, 16 intermediate spread spectrum sequences are obtained. After the value of the qth chip in each of the 16 intermediate spread spectrum sequences is negated, 16 new spread spectrum sequences are obtained, so that the spread spectrum sequence set may include the 16 new spread spectrum sequences.

[0106] In one possible implementation, the transmitting end device obtaining a first signal based on the spread spectrum sequence set and the N data symbols includes: the transmitting end device obtains a second signal after mapping each of the N data symbols to a spread spectrum sequence corresponding to the data symbol according to a correspondence relationship between the M spread spectrum sequences included in the spread spectrum sequence set and the M data symbols having different values, and modulates the second signal to obtain the first signal.

[0107] In one possible implementation, the transmitting end device's obtaining a first signal based on the spread spectrum sequence set and N data symbols includes: the transmitting end device performing spread spectrum processing on the N data symbols based on the spread spectrum sequence set to obtain a second signal and modulating the second signal to obtain the first signal. The second signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal. The first sub-signal is obtained by the transmitting end device by performing spread spectrum processing on a (2n+1)th data symbol among the N data symbols based on a first spread spectrum sequence in the spread spectrum sequence set, where the first spread spectrum sequence corresponds to the (2n+1)th data symbol, where n is an integer and 0≦n≦(N−1) / 2. The second sub-signal is obtained by the transmitting end device by performing a spread spectrum process on a 2n-th data symbol among the N data symbols based on a second spread spectrum sequence, the second spread spectrum sequence being in the spread spectrum sequence set and being obtained by performing a first process on a third spread spectrum sequence corresponding to the 2n-th data symbol, and the value of the |l-(L+1)|-th chip included in the second spread spectrum sequence is the same as the value of the l-th chip included in the third spread spectrum sequence.

[0108] The transmitting end device performing a spectrum spreading process on the (2n+1)th data symbol based on the first spectrum spreading sequence to obtain a first sub-signal means that the transmitting end device maps the (2n+1)th data symbol to the first spectrum spreading sequence.

[0109] The transmitting end device performing a spectrum spreading process on the 2n-th data symbol based on the second spectrum spreading sequence to obtain a second sub-signal means that the transmitting end device maps the 2n-th data symbol to the second spectrum spreading sequence.

[0110] The first processing includes cyclic shifting and / or inversion. Inversion may be understood as forward / backward inversion or inversion. For example, the result of inversion performed on the spread spectrum sequence {1111011001010000} is {0000101001101111}. Note that the specific form of the first processing is not limited in this embodiment of the present application, as long as the value of the |l-(L+1)|-th chip in the second spread spectrum sequence obtained by performing the first processing on the third spread spectrum sequence is the same as the value of the l-th chip in the third spread spectrum sequence. For example, the first processing may include exchanging the first chip and the last chip in the spread spectrum sequence.

[0111] In one possible implementation, the transmitting end device's obtaining a first signal based on the spread spectrum sequence set and N data symbols includes: the transmitting end device performing spread spectrum processing on the N data symbols based on the spread spectrum sequence set to obtain a second signal; and modulating the second signal to obtain the first signal. The second signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal. The first sub-signal is obtained by the transmitting end device by performing spread spectrum processing on a (2n+1)th data symbol of the N data symbols based on a fourth spread spectrum sequence, the fourth spread spectrum sequence being obtained by performing a first processing on a first spread spectrum sequence corresponding to the (2n+1)th data symbol of the spread spectrum sequence set, and the value of the |l-(L+1)|th chip included in the fourth spread spectrum sequence is the same as the value of the lth chip included in the first spread spectrum sequence. The second sub-signal is obtained by the transmitting end device by performing a spread spectrum process on a 2n-th data symbol among the N data symbols based on a third spread spectrum sequence among the set of spread spectrum sequences, where the third spread spectrum sequence corresponds to the 2n-th data symbol.

[0112] For example, the transmitting end device modulating the second signal to obtain the first signal may include: the transmitting end device performing O-QPSK modulation on the second signal to obtain the first signal, or the transmitting end device may modulate the second signal by using another modulation scheme different from O-QPSK modulation to obtain the first signal.

[0113] S620: The transmitting end device transmits a first signal.

[0114] In response, the receiving end device receives the first signal.

[0115] For example, the transmitting end device transmitting the first signal may include: the transmitting end device transmitting the first signal by using a narrow band, for example, where N data symbols are determined based on N' data bits included in the PPDU of the narrow band signal, the transmitting end device may transmit the first signal by using a narrow band.

[0116] Correspondingly, the receiving end device receives the first signal by using a narrow band.

[0117] S630: The receiving end device performs frequency offset estimation based on the first signal.

[0118] After receiving the first signal, the receiving end device may perform frequency offset estimation based on the first signal.

[0119] As described above, since the value of the first chip in each spread spectrum sequence in the spread spectrum sequence set is a fixed value or the value of the last chip in each spread spectrum sequence in the spread spectrum sequence set is a fixed value, the transmitting end device obtains the periodic fixed signal segments included in the first signal based on the spread spectrum sequence set and the N data symbols. Correspondingly, after receiving the first signal, the receiving end device may perform frequency offset estimation based on the periodic fixed signal segments included in the first signal.

[0120] Assume that the value of the first chip in each spread spectrum sequence in the set of spread spectrum sequences is a fixed value, and the transmitting end device performs spread spectrum processing on the (2n+1)th data symbol based on the first spread spectrum sequence in the set of spread spectrum sequences, and performs spread spectrum processing on the 2nth data symbol based on the second spread spectrum sequence. In the diagram of chip offset in O-QPSK modulation shown in Figure 7, the last chip corresponding to the 2nth data symbol (i.e., c15,0 ) is a fixed value, and the first chip (i.e., c 0,1 ) is a fixed value, and the last chip corresponding to the (2n+2)th data symbol (i.e., c 15,2 ) is a fixed value, and the first chip (i.e., c 0,3 The value of chip c is fixed. 15,0 is chip c 0,1 Since it overlaps with chip c 15,0 and Chip C 0,1 The modulated signal corresponding to the overlap between chip c is a fixed signal segment. 15,2 and Chip C 0,3 The modulated signal corresponding to the overlapping portion of the two fixed signal segments is a fixed signal segment. Furthermore, the receiving end device determines the phase difference between the two fixed signal segments and the duration of the interval between the two fixed signal segments (i.e., 32T c ) In other words, the carrier frequency offset is equal to the ratio of the phase difference between two fixed signal segments to the duration of the interval between the two fixed signal segments.

[0121] For example, in a narrowband-assisted UWB application scenario, after a receiving end device receives a first signal by using a narrowband and performs frequency offset estimation based on the first signal, the receiving end device may perform channel compensation based on the estimated carrier frequency offset to assist the receiving end device in receiving the UWB signal. Furthermore, after receiving the UWB signal, the receiving end device may further perform phase compensation on the UWB signal based on the estimated carrier frequency offset.

[0122] In this embodiment of the present application, since the value of the first chip in each spread spectrum sequence in the spread spectrum sequence set is a fixed value, or the value of the last chip in each spread spectrum sequence in the spread spectrum sequence set is a fixed value, the transmitting end device may perform spread spectrum processing on N data symbols based on the spread spectrum sequence set to obtain a second signal, and then modulate the second signal to obtain the periodic fixed signal segments included in the first signal, so that the receiving end device can perform frequency offset estimation based on the periodic fixed signal segments included in the first signal.

[0123] In addition, the minimum Hamming distance of the spread spectrum sequence set provided in this embodiment of the present application is greater than or equal to 8, so that the spread spectrum sequences obtained by mapping different data symbols are significantly different, which can reduce the probability that the receiving end device will erroneously determine the data symbols and improve the system transmission performance.

[0124] In addition, compared to a scheme that performs frequency offset estimation by periodically inserting a known fixed chip sequence, the method provided in the embodiments of the present application does not increase additional overhead and therefore does not increase the air interface transmission time.

[0125] 8 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, the apparatus 1000 may include a transceiver unit 1010 and a processing unit 1020. The transceiver unit 1010 may communicate with the outside, and the processing unit 1020 is configured to process data. The transceiver unit 1010 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

[0126] Optionally, the apparatus 1000 may further include a storage unit. The storage unit may be configured to store instructions and / or data. The processing unit 1020 may read the instructions and / or data in the storage unit, thereby causing the apparatus to perform the method embodiments described above.

[0127] In a first design, the apparatus 1000 may be the transmitting end device in the aforementioned embodiments or may be a component (e.g., a chip) of the transmitting end device. The apparatus 1000 may implement steps or processes performed by the transmitting end device in the aforementioned method embodiments. The transceiver unit 1010 may be configured to perform transmission / reception-related operations performed by the transmitting end device in the aforementioned method embodiments. The processing unit 1020 may be configured to perform processing-related operations performed by the transmitting end device in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0128] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 1020 is configured to obtain a first signal based on the spread spectrum sequence set and N data symbols, where the spread spectrum sequence set includes M spread spectrum sequences of length L, the M spread spectrum sequences of length L corresponding one-to-one to the M data symbols having different values, the l-th chip value included in any two of the M spread spectrum sequences of length L is the same, N, M, and L are positive integers, and l=1 or l=L. The transceiver unit 1010 is configured to transmit the first signal.

[0129] In a second design, the apparatus 1000 may be the receiving end device in the aforementioned embodiments or may be a component (e.g., a chip) of the receiving end device. The apparatus 1000 may implement steps or processes performed by the receiving end device in the aforementioned method embodiments. The transceiver unit 1010 may be configured to perform transmission / reception-related operations performed by the receiving end device in the aforementioned method embodiments. The processing unit 1020 may be configured to perform processing-related operations performed by the receiving end device in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0130] In one possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1010 is configured to receive a first signal, the first signal being obtained based on a spread spectrum sequence set and N data symbols, the spread spectrum sequence set including M spread spectrum sequences of length L, the M spread spectrum sequences of length L corresponding one-to-one to the M data symbols having different values, the l-th chip value included in any two of the M spread spectrum sequences of length L is the same, N, M, and L are positive integers, and l=1 or l=L. The processing unit 1020 is configured to perform frequency offset estimation based on the first signal.

[0131] It should be understood that the specific processes by which the units perform the aforementioned corresponding steps have been described in detail in the aforementioned method embodiments, and for the sake of brevity, the details will not be described here.

[0132] It should also be understood that the apparatus 1000 herein is embodied in the form of a functional unit. The term "unit" herein may refer to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (e.g., a shared processor, a dedicated processor, or a group processor) and memory configured to execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combined logic circuit, and / or another suitable component supporting the described functionality. In an optional example, those skilled in the art can understand that the apparatus 1000 may specifically be a transmitting end device in the aforementioned embodiments and configured to perform processes and / or steps corresponding to the transmitting end device in the aforementioned method embodiments; or the apparatus 1000 may specifically be a receiving end device in the aforementioned embodiments and configured to perform processes and / or steps corresponding to the receiving end device in the aforementioned method embodiments. To avoid repetition, details will not be described again here. The transceiver unit 1010 may alternatively be a transceiver circuit (e.g., may include a receiver circuit and a transmitter circuit), and the processing unit 1020 may be a processing circuit. The apparatus in FIG. 8 may be a device of the above-described embodiments, or may be a chip or a chip system, such as a system on chip (SoC). The transceiver unit may be an input / output circuit or a communication interface. The processing unit may be a processor, a microprocessor, or an integrated circuit integrated on a chip. This is not limited herein.

[0133] The device 1000 in the above solution has functions to perform corresponding steps performed by a transmitting end device or a receiving end device in the above methods. The functions may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software may include one or more modules corresponding to the above functions. For example, a transceiver unit may be replaced by a transceiver (e.g., a transmitting unit in a transceiver unit may be replaced by a transmitter, and a receiving unit in a transceiver unit may be replaced by a receiver machine), and another unit, such as a processing unit, may be replaced by a processor to separately perform receiving and transmitting operations and related processing operations in the method embodiments.

[0134] 9 is a diagram of an apparatus 2000 according to an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 2000 includes a processor 2010. The processor 2010 is configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in a memory 2020 or to read data or instructions stored in the memory 2020 to perform the methods in the above-described method embodiments. Optionally, there are one or more processors 2010.

[0135] Optionally, as shown in Figure 9, the device 2000 further includes a memory 2020 configured to store computer programs or instructions and / or data. The memory 2020 may be integrated with the processor 2010 or may be located separately. Optionally, there are one or more memories 2020.

[0136] 9, the apparatus 2000 further includes a transceiver 2030 configured to receive and / or transmit signals. For example, the processor 2010 is configured to control the transceiver 2030 to receive and / or transmit signals.

[0137] In one solution, the apparatus 2000 is configured to perform the operations performed by the transmitting end device in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0138] For example, the processor 2010 is configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 2020 to perform relevant operations of the transmitting end device in the method embodiments described above, such as the method performed by the transmitting end device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6.

[0139] In another solution, the apparatus 2000 is configured to implement the method performed by the receiving end device in the above method embodiment.

[0140] For example, the processor 2010 is configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 2020 to perform the relevant operations of the receiving end device in the aforementioned method embodiments, such as the method performed by the receiving end device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6.

[0141] It should be understood that the processor referred to in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor may be another general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or another programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.

[0142] It should be further understood that the memory referred to in the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory and / or nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM may be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM includes multiple forms such as static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchlink dynamic random access memory (synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM), and direct rambus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM).

[0143] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA, another programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) may be integrated into the processor.

[0144] It should be further noted that memory as described herein is intended to include, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0145] 10 is a diagram of a chip system 3000 according to an embodiment of the present application. The chip system 3000 (also sometimes referred to as a processing system) includes a logic circuit 3010 and an input / output interface 3020.

[0146] The logic circuit 3010 may be a processing circuit within the chip system 3000. The logic circuit 3010 may be coupled to or connected to a storage unit and may invoke instructions in the storage unit to enable the chip system 3000 to implement the methods and functions in the embodiments of the present application. The input / output interface 3020 may be an input / output circuit within the chip system 3000, which outputs information processed by the chip system 3000 or inputs data or signaling to be processed into the chip system 3000 for processing.

[0147] Specifically, for example, when the chip system 3000 is installed in a transmitting end device, the logic circuit 3010 may be coupled to the input / output interface 3020, and the logic circuit 3010 may transmit a first signal through the input / output interface 3020. The first signal may be generated by the logic circuit 3010. In another example, when the chip system 3000 is installed in a receiving end device, the logic circuit 3010 may be coupled to the input / output interface 3020, and the logic circuit 3010 may receive a first signal through the input / output interface 3020, and the logic circuit 3020 may perform frequency offset estimation based on the first signal.

[0148] In one solution, the chip system 3000 is configured to perform the operations performed by the transmitting end device in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0149] For example, the logic circuitry 3010 is configured to perform the processing-related operations performed by the transmitting end device in the aforementioned method embodiments, e.g., the processing-related operations performed by the transmitting end device in the embodiment shown in Figure 6. The input / output interface 3020 is configured to perform the transmission and / or reception-related operations performed by the transmitting end device in the aforementioned method embodiments, e.g., the processing-related operations performed by the transmitting end device in the embodiment shown in Figure 6.

[0150] In another solution, the chip system 3000 is configured to perform the operations performed by the receiving end device in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0151] For example, the logic circuitry 3010 is configured to perform the processing-related operations performed by the receiving end device in the aforementioned method embodiments, e.g., the processing-related operations performed by the receiving end device in the embodiment shown in Figure 6. The input / output interface 3020 is configured to perform the transmission and / or reception-related operations performed by the receiving end device in the aforementioned method embodiments, e.g., the processing-related operations performed by the receiving end device in the embodiment shown in Figure 6.

[0152] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions for implementing the method executed by the device in the aforementioned method embodiment.

[0153] For example, when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the methods performed by the transmitting end device in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0154] In another example, when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the method performed by the receiving end device in the aforementioned method embodiment.

[0155] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product including instructions that, when executed by a computer, perform the method performed by a device (e.g., a transmitting end device, or in another example, a receiving end device) in the aforementioned method embodiment.

[0156] An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system including the aforementioned transmitting end device and receiving end device.

[0157] For the description of the relevant contents and beneficial effects of any one of the above-provided devices, please refer to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and the details will not be described again here.

[0158] In some embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods may be implemented in other ways. For example, the described device embodiments are merely examples. For example, the division into units is merely a logical division of function, and other divisions may be used in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not implemented. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be implemented through some interfaces. Indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be implemented in electronic, mechanical, or other ways.

[0159] All or part of the above-described embodiments may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When software is used to implement an embodiment, all or part of the embodiment may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded into a computer and executed, the procedures or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or another programmable device. For example, the computer may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from a computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optics, or digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, radio waves, microwave, etc.) methods. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium accessible by a computer, or a data storage device integrating one or more available media, such as a server or a data center. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state disk (SSD)), etc. For example, the available medium may include, but is not limited to, any medium capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0160] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications or replacements that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. 1. A signal processing method comprising: receiving a first signal, the first signal being obtained based on a spread spectrum sequence set and N data symbols, the spread spectrum sequence set including M spread spectrum sequences of length L, the M spread spectrum sequences of length L corresponding one-to-one to the M data symbols having different values, the value of the l-th chip included in any two of the M spread spectrum sequences of length L is the same, N, M, and L are positive integers, and l=1 or l=L; and performing a frequency offset estimation based on the first signal. method.

2. the first signal is obtained by modulating a second signal, the second signal is obtained by performing spread spectrum processing on the N data symbols based on the spread spectrum sequence set, and the second signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal; the first subsignal is obtained by performing a spread spectrum process on a (2n+1)th data symbol of the N data symbols based on a first spread spectrum sequence in the set of spread spectrum sequences, the first spread spectrum sequence corresponding to the (2n+1)th data symbol, n is an integer, and 0≦n≦(N−1) / 2; the second sub-signal is obtained by performing a spread spectrum process on a 2n-th data symbol in the N symbols based on a second spread spectrum sequence, the second spread spectrum sequence being obtained by performing a first process on a third spread spectrum sequence in the set of spread spectrum sequences corresponding to the 2n-th data symbol, and a value of a |l-(L+1)|-th chip included in the second spread spectrum sequence is the same as a value of an l-th chip included in the third spread spectrum sequence; The method of claim 1.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first processing comprises a cyclic shift and / or an inversion.

4. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the Hamming distance between any two different spreading sequences in the set of spreading sequences is 8 or greater.

5. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein L=16, M=16, and in a matrix containing the M spread-spectrum sequences of length L, each column except the l-th column contains 8 1's and 8 0's, and each row of the matrix corresponds to one spread-spectrum sequence in the set of spread-spectrum sequences.

6. l=1, and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {1010101010101010}, {1100110011001100}, {1001100110011001}, {1111000011110000}, {1010010110100101}, {1100001111000011}, {10010 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the plurality of digits in the plurality of digits include {11010010110}, {1111111100000000}, {10101010010101}, {1100110000110011}, {1001100101100110}, {1111000000001111}, {1010010101011010}, {1100001100111100}, and {1001011001101001}.

7. l=L, and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {0010101010101011}, {0100110011001101}, {1001100110011001}, {0111000011110001}, {1010010110100101}, {1100001111000011}, {00010 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the plurality of digits in the alphanumeric sequence include {11010010111}, {0111111100000001}, {1010101001010101}, {1100110000110011}, {0001100101100111}, {1111000000001111}, {0010010101011011}, {0100001100111101}, and {1001011001101001}.

8. l=1, and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {1111011001010000}, {101110110010100}, {1001110110010100}, {1000111011001010}, {1000011101100101}, {1100001110110010}, {10100 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the alphanumeric characters include {00111011001}, {1101000011101100}, {1010100001110110}, {1001010000111011}, {1100101000011101}, {1110010100001110}, {1011001010000111}, {1101100101000011}, and {1110110010100001}.

9. l=L, and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {0111011001010001}, {0011101100101001}, {0001110110010101}, {0000111011001011}, {1000011101100101}, {0100001110110011}, {10100 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the alphanumeric characters include {00111011001}, {0101000011101101}, {0010100001110111}, {1001010000111011}, {1100101000011101}, {0110010100001111}, {1011001010000111}, {1101100101000011}, and {1110110010100001}.

10. 10. The method of claim 2, wherein the first signal is obtained by performing offset quadrature phase shift keying modulation on the second signal.

11. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the N data symbols are obtained based on data bits included in a physical layer protocol data unit, and wherein receiving the first signal comprises receiving the first signal by using a narrowband.

12. 1. A signal processing method comprising: Obtaining a first signal based on a set of spread spectrum sequences and N data symbols, wherein the set of spread spectrum sequences includes M spread spectrum sequences each having a length L, the M spread spectrum sequences each having a length L corresponding one-to-one to the M data symbols each having a different value, the value of the l-th chip included in any two of the M spread spectrum sequences each having a length L is the same, N, M, and L are positive integers, and l=1 or l=L; transmitting the first signal. method.

13. The step of obtaining a first signal based on the spread spectrum sequence set and the N data symbols includes: performing spread spectrum processing on the N data symbols based on the set of spread spectrum sequences to obtain a second signal; modulating the second signal to obtain the first signal; the second signal includes a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal; the first subsignal is obtained by performing a spread spectrum process on a (2n+1)th data symbol of the N data symbols based on a first spread spectrum sequence of the set of spread spectrum sequences, the first spread spectrum sequence corresponding to the (2n+1)th data symbol, n is an integer, and 0≦n≦(N−1) / 2; the second sub-signal is obtained by performing a spread spectrum process on a 2n-th data symbol of the N symbols based on a second spread spectrum sequence, the second spread spectrum sequence being obtained by performing a first process on a third spread spectrum sequence of the set of spread spectrum sequences corresponding to the 2n-th data symbol, and a value of an |l-(L+1)|-th chip included in the second spread spectrum sequence is the same as a value of an l-th chip included in the third spread spectrum sequence; The method of claim 12.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the first processing comprises a cyclic shift and / or an inversion.

15. 15. The method according to claim 12, wherein the Hamming distance between any two different spreading sequences in the set of spreading sequences is 8 or greater.

16. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein L=16, M=16, and in a matrix of length L containing the M spreading sequences, each column except the l-th column contains eight ones and eight zeros, and each row of the matrix corresponds to one spreading sequence from the set of spreading sequences.

17. l=1, and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {1010101010101010}, {1100110011001100}, {1001100110011001}, {1111000011110000}, {1010010110100101}, {1100001111000011}, {10010 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the plurality of digits in ...

18. l=L, and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {0010101010101011}, {0100110011001101}, {1001100110011001}, {0111000011110001}, {1010010110100101}, {1100001111000011}, {00010 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the plurality of digits in ...

19. l=1, and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {1111011001010000}, {101110110010100}, {1001110110010100}, {1000111011001010}, {1000011101100101}, {1100001110110010}, {10100 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the alphanumeric characters include {00111011001}, {1101000011101100}, {1010100001110110}, {1001010000111011}, {1100101000011101}, {1110010100001110}, {1011001010000111}, {1101100101000011}, and {1110110010100001}.

20. l=L, and the set of spread spectrum sequences includes the following spread spectrum sequences: {1111111111111111}, {0111011001010001}, {0011101100101001}, {0001110110010101}, {0000111011001011}, {1000011101100101}, {0100001110110011}, {10100 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the alphanumeric characters include {00111011001}, {0101000011101101}, {0010100001110111}, {1001010000111011}, {1100101000011101}, {0110010100001111}, {1011001010000111}, {1101100101000011}, and {1110110010100001}.

21. The step of modulating the second signal to obtain the first signal comprises: performing offset quadrature phase shift keying modulation on the second signal to obtain the first signal.

21. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 20.

22. The N data symbols are obtained based on data bits included in a physical layer protocol data unit, and the step of transmitting the first signal includes: transmitting the first signal by using a narrow band; 22. The method of any one of claims 12 to 21.

23. An apparatus having a transceiver unit and a processing unit, the transceiver unit is configured to receive a first signal, the first signal being obtained based on a spread spectrum sequence set and N data symbols, the spread spectrum sequence set including M spread spectrum sequences of length L, the M spread spectrum sequences of length L corresponding one-to-one to the M data symbols having different values, the l-th chip value included in any two of the M spread spectrum sequences of length L is the same, N, M, and L are positive integers, and l=1 or l=L; the processing unit is configured to perform frequency offset estimation based on the first signal. Device.

24. An apparatus having a transceiver unit and a processing unit, The processing unit is configured to obtain a first signal based on a spread spectrum sequence set and N data symbols, wherein the spread spectrum sequence set includes M spread spectrum sequences each having a length L, the M spread spectrum sequences each having a length L corresponding one-to-one to the M data symbols each having a different value, the value of the l-th chip included in any two of the M spread spectrum sequences each having a length L is the same, N, M, and L are positive integers, and l=1 or l=L; the transceiver unit is configured to transmit the first signal; Device.

25. 1. An apparatus comprising: a processor configured to execute computer instructions stored in a memory to enable the device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 11 or to enable the device to perform the method of any one of claims 12 to 12. Device.

26. A computer readable storage medium comprising instructions for carrying out the method of any one of claims 1 to 11 or adapted to store a computer program comprising instructions for carrying out the method of any one of claims 12 to 12.

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