Use of alkyl ether sulfates to improve herbicide efficacy.

Abstract

The present invention provides an alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) [RO-(AO) n -SO3] - M + (I) (where M + is a cation; A is a C2-C3 alkanediyl; R is a branched C 10 and n is an integer ranging from 1 to 10). The present invention also relates to a method for controlling undesirable plants, which comprises applying at least one alkyl ether sulfate salt of formula (I) and at least one herbicidal compound to the undesirable plants or their habitat. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a herbicidal formulation comprising at least one alkyl ether sulfate salt of formula (I) and at least one herbicidal compound, and an aqueous spray solution comprising at least one alkyl ether sulfate salt of formula (I) and at least one herbicidal compound.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the use of alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I) as defined below to enhance the herbicidal efficacy of one or more herbicidal compounds, and to a method for controlling undesirable plants in which at least one alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) as defined below and at least one herbicidal compound are applied to the undesirable plants or their habitat.

[0002] The present invention also relates to a herbicidal formulation comprising at least one alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) as defined below and at least one herbicidal compound. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an aqueous spray solution comprising at least one alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) as defined below and at least one herbicidal compound. [Background technology]

[0003] In agriculture, herbicides are widely used to prevent the growth of undesirable plants, such as weeds, because they compete with crop plants for water, nutrients, and sunlight, resulting in reduced crop yield and crop quality.Before sowing or planting crop plants, herbicides can be applied to eliminate undesirable plants from cultivated land.However, depending on the crop and the compatibility of the herbicide with the crop, herbicides can also be applied to the agricultural land where crop plants grow.

[0004] To be effective, herbicides must overcome various (morphological, biological, and environmental) barriers to their penetration into target plants. For example, trichomes on leaf surfaces can reduce herbicide efficacy by blocking spray particles before they contact the epidermal surface. Environmental stress (e.g., hot, dry weather) can cause a thicker than normal wax layer or increase other defense structures, such as slowing down plant metabolic and transport processes necessary for adequate weed control. As a result, the biological activity of herbicides can be unsatisfactory, or at least lower than expected. While higher application rates can achieve better herbicidal efficacy, this is often impossible for regulatory reasons and undesirable for environmental and economic reasons. Instead, there is great interest in improving the biological effectiveness (also called efficacy or biological efficacy) of herbicides to reduce application rates in this way.

[0005] It is well known that the efficacy of herbicides can be improved by certain adjuvants. Adjuvants (from the Latin adiuvare, to assist) are commonly used in agriculture to improve the performance of herbicides or other pesticides, including better mixing and handling, improved efficacy and safety, better distribution, and reduced drift. Broadly defined, adjuvants are ingredients that assist or modify the action of the main active ingredient. Adjuvants can be broadly classified into three groups: activators, spray conditioners, and application conditioners.

[0006] Active agents improve the efficacy of herbicides primarily through various mechanisms of action. Active agents are typically surfactants, specifically nonionic surfactants (NIS), including silicone surfactants; oils, such as high-surfactant oils, crop oil concentrates, vegetable oil concentrates, and modified vegetable oil concentrates; and wetting agents. Spray conditioners modify the properties of aqueous sprays, making herbicide sprays easier to aim, reducing herbicide air drift, or allowing the spray to adhere more easily to plants through various mechanisms. Efficacy modifiers help minimize handling and application problems. They can expand the conditions under which herbicides can be used or maintain the integrity of the spray. For example, efficacy modifiers reduce foaming, improve solubility, adjust pH, or reduce spray drift. In contrast to active agents, spray conditioners and efficacy modifiers typically do not improve the biological efficacy of pesticides, but they do make aqueous pesticide sprays easier to apply.

[0007] A review of adjuvant technology is provided by Z. Pacanosky, Herbicide Adjuvants (2015), DOI: 10.5772 / 60842. A summary of commercially available herbicide adjuvants (hereafter referred to as herbicide adjuvants) is provided by BG Young et al. (ed.) "Compendium of Herbicide Adjuvants," 13th Edition (2016), Purdue Extension and Southern Illinois University (https: / / mdc.itap.purdue.edu / item.asp?Item_Number=PPP-115).

[0008] Water-soluble herbicides, such as glufosinate, are chemicals that penetrate plant cells, tissues, or parasitic organisms within or on the plant, damaging and / or destroying them. Formulations containing water-soluble herbicides are generally used in the form of liquid or solid concentrates to facilitate user handling and increase the effectiveness of the active ingredient. The formulations are typically diluted with water before use and then applied by spray application. Water-soluble concentrates (soluble liquids, SLs) are a particularly important form of herbicide formulation, and the active ingredient is often used as a water-soluble salt obtained by neutralizing the acid form of the herbicide with a suitable base.

[0009] In particular for water-soluble herbicidal compounds such as glufosinate, the type and amount of adjuvant used has a decisive influence on the effectiveness of the formulation. Aqueous formulations of glufosinate ammonium are known, for example, from EP-A-0048436, EP-A-0336151, EP-A-1093722, WO 2007 / 147500 A1, or WO 2007 / 092351 A2, in which alkyl ether sulfates are used as adjuvants.

[0010] Until now, C 12 ~C 16 Alkyl ether sulfates having an alkyl chain and 1 to 10 alkylene oxide units, such as sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) or sodium myristyl ether sulfate, have been used as adjuvants in commercial glufosinate formulations, but they have certain drawbacks.

[0011] One of their major drawbacks is their effectiveness as adjuvants. Although they enhance the efficacy of the active ingredient in the formulation, the enhanced efficacy of the active ingredient is not fully satisfactory. Furthermore, the biological activity of the active ingredient depends on the ratio of the active ingredient to such alkyl ether sulfates. Therefore, to achieve satisfactory adjuvant efficacy with conventional alkyl ether sulfates, a large amount of such alkyl ether sulfates must be incorporated into the formulation. However, if the amount of such conventional alkyl ether sulfates is too high, the formulation may become too viscous, making it difficult to handle and spray. Therefore, there remains a need to find adjuvants for formulations containing water-soluble herbicides that can sufficiently enhance the herbicidal efficacy of the active ingredient in the formulation while not adversely affecting the physicochemical properties of the formulation. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide further compounds that enhance the activity of herbicides, especially water-soluble herbicides. Furthermore, such compounds should not adversely affect the physicochemical properties of the formulation, and at most should provide better foaming behavior to facilitate the handling and spraying of formulations containing water-soluble herbicides such as glufosinate.

[0013] Surprisingly, it has now been found that the alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I) described herein significantly enhance the efficacy of herbicidal compounds over previously mentioned alkyl ether sulfates, such as sodium lauryl ether sulfate and sodium myristyl ether sulfate, which are frequently used as adjuvants for herbicides such as glufosinate.

[0014] Thus, the present invention provides a method for enhancing the herbicidal efficacy of one or more herbicidal compounds by the use of at least one alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I). [RO-(AO) n -SO3]-M + (I) (In the formula, M+ is a cation; A is a C2-C3 alkanediyl, such as CH2CH2, CH2CH(CH3), or a combination thereof; R is branch C 10 alkyl, in particular 2-propylheptyl or isodecyl; n is an integer ranging from 1 to 10, preferably ranging from 1 to 8, particularly ranging from 1 to 7, and especially ranging from 1 to 5. Regarding the use of.

[0015] The present invention also relates to a method for controlling undesirable plants, which comprises applying to the undesirable plants or their habitat at least one alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) as defined herein and at least one herbicidal compound.

[0016] The alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I) can be readily incorporated into conventional herbicidal formulations, particularly liquid herbicidal formulations, of one or more herbicidal compounds. Accordingly, a further aspect of the present invention is i. at least one alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) as defined herein; ii. at least one herbicidal compound; It is a herbicidal formulation containing

[0017] To control undesirable plants, at least one alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) as defined herein and at least one herbicidal compound are typically applied as an aqueous spray. i. at least one alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) as defined herein; ii. at least one herbicidal compound; The present invention relates to an aqueous spray solution containing

[0018] The alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I) of the present invention have several advantages. First, they improve the herbicidal activity of herbicidal compounds. In particular, they significantly improve the effectiveness of various herbicidal compounds, such as glufosinate and its salts, compared to other alkyl ether sulfates, such as SLES, which are known as coactivators for herbicides. In particular, they improve the efficacy of herbicides against undesirable plants that are difficult to control, thereby broadening the applicability of each herbicidal compound. For this reason, the alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I) can be formulated together with herbicidal compounds in both aqueous and non-aqueous herbicidal formulations. They can also be mixed with conventional formulations of herbicidal compounds in aqueous spray solutions (tank mixes). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] As used herein, the term "herbicide" refers to one or more agents, compounds, and / or compositions that have growth-inhibiting and / or herbicidal activity.

[0020] As used herein, "herbicidal compound" refers to a single compound, particularly an organic compound, that has growth-inhibiting and / or herbicidal activity.

[0021] As used herein, the terms "herbicidal effect," "herbicidal effectiveness," and "herbicidal efficacy" are used synonymously. The terms "improved herbicidal effect" and "increased herbicidal effect" refer to an increase or strengthening of the herbicidal activity of each herbicidal compound against specific undesirable plants. This means that by using a herbicidal compound in combination with an alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I), the herbicidal activity of the herbicidal compound against target plants at a given application concentration is greater than the activity of the herbicidal compound at the same application amount in the absence of the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I).

[0022] As used herein, the terms "control" and "control" are synonymous and refer to the inhibition of growth, control of growth, reduction of growth, or complete destruction of undesirable plants.

[0023] As used herein, the terms "undesirable plants," "undesirable vegetation," "undesirable species," "harmful plants," "weeds," "undesirable weeds," "native plants," or "harmful weeds" are used synonymously.

[0024] As used herein, the terms "performance improver," "performance improver system," "booster," and "adjuvant" are used synonymously.

[0025] Throughout this specification, the terms "wt%", "wt.-%", "wt.%", "weight percent", and "wt%" are used synonymously.

[0026] Throughout this specification, the term "more herbicidal compounds" should be understood to mean "two or more herbicidal compounds," and thus includes a "mixture of herbicidal compounds." As used herein, the term "mixture of herbicidal compounds" refers to a physical and / or chemical mixture that includes at least one herbicidal compound.

[0027] As used herein, the term "herbicidal compound" refers to one or more herbicidal compounds.

[0028] In the context of the present invention, the generic terms for radicals have the following meanings:

[0029] The term "alkyl" typically refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (C1-C 20 alkyl), especially those with 1 to 10 carbon atoms (C 10alkyl), in particular straight-chain or branched saturated alkyl radicals having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (C1-C6 alkyl) or 1 to 6 carbon atoms (C1-C4 alkyl), including methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 2-propyl, 2-methylpropyl (isopropyl), n-butyl, 2-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, propyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl, and 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl.

[0030] The terms "alkylene" and "alkanediyl" refer to a straight-chain or branched divalent alkyl radical, typically having from two to four carbon atoms (C-C alkylene), such as 1,2-ethanediyl (=CHCH), 1,2-propanediyl (=CHCH(CH)), 1,3-propanediyl (=CHCHCHCH), 1,2-butanediyl (=CHCH(CHCH)), 1,3-butanediyl (=CHCHCHCH(CH)), 1,4-butanediyl (=CHCHCHCHCH), and 1-methyl-1,2propanediyl (=CH(CH)CH(CH)).

[0031] According to the present invention, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) has a branched C 10 Alkyl, especially 2-propylheptyl or isodecyl, and branched C 10 Linker -(AO) formed by 1-10 C2-C3 alkylene oxide units AO between the alkyl and sulfate groups n- and a cation as a counterion of the sulfate group. Thus, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) is an alkyl ether sulfate having a branched C 10 It is also called alkyl ether sulfate, especially 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate or isodecyl ether sulfate.

[0032] The term "2-propylheptyl" refers to a branched C 2 alkyl group consisting of a heptyl radical and a propyl radical, with a propyl residue as the only substituent at the 2-position of the heptyl residue. 10 Refers to alkyl radicals. A propyl substituent is a straight-chain propyl (n-propyl), and similarly, a heptyl group is straight-chain except for the propyl radical at the 2-position.

[0033] The term "isodecyl" refers to a branched decyl radical having at least one methyl group, particularly one, two, three, or four methyl groups attached to a tertiary carbon atom, i.e., the CH group of R in formula (I). Examples of isodecyl include, for example, 2-methyl-1-nonyl, 8-methyl-1-nonyl, 3,5-dimethyloctyl, 5,7-dimethyloctyl, 2,4,6-trimethylheptyl, and mixtures thereof.

[0034] In a preferred group of embodiments of the present invention, R is 2-propylheptyl.

[0035] In another preferred group of embodiments of the present invention, R is isodecyl having at least one methyl group attached to a tertiary carbon atom of R of formula (I).

[0036] Cation M + may have a single cationic charge, i.e., it is a monovalent cation, or it may have two or more cationic charges, e.g., two or three cationic charges, and thus be polyvalent. In the case of a polyvalent cation, the cation M of formula (I) + It will be clear to those skilled in the art that the cation M is a cation corresponding to the cation for making the compound electrically neutral. + is singly valued.

[0037] In formula (I), the cation M + M may be any cation suitable for agricultural purposes. The cation may be monovalent, i.e., carrying a single cationic charge, or multivalent, i.e., carrying two or more cationic charges. In this case, M + refers to a cation corresponding to the cation. Suitable cations include alkali metal cations such as sodium or potassium ions, alkaline earth metal cations such as calcium ions, ammonium (NH4 + ), and cations based on organic amines. + refers to a monovalent cation. The monovalent cation M of the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) + is preferably an alkali metal cation, such as sodium or potassium cation, ammonium (NH + ) and H 4-m NR 1 m + and R 1 is C1-C4 alkyl, cycloalkyl, (Alk-NR')BN(R'')2, (CH2CH2O), optionally substituted by alkyl, in particular hydroxyl, methoxy, amino, alkylamino, or dialkylamino. k CH2CH2OH, and (CH2CH(CH3)O) n CH2CH(CH3)OH, n is 0, 1 or 2, k is 0, 1 or 2, Alk is alkylene, especially C2-C4 alkylene, B is alkylene, especially C2-C4 alkylene, R' is hydrogen or alkyl, especially hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, R'' is hydrogen or alkyl, especially hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, and m is an integer in the range 1 to 4, especially in the range 1 to 3. In particular, R 1 is a C2-C4 alkyl substituted with one hydroxyl group or one methoxy group. Particularly preferred substituted ammonium cations H 4-m NR 1 m + m is 1, 2 or 3, and R1 is C1-C4 alkyl substituted with one hydroxyl group or one methoxy group, such as 2-hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxypropyl.

[0038] Cation M + Suitable examples of cations include, but are not limited to, alkali metal cations such as sodium, potassium, and lithium cations, as well as substituted or unsubstituted ammonium cations, such as NH + (ammonium), hydroxyethylammonium, di(hydroxyethyl)ammonium, tri(hydroxyethyl)ammonium cation, 2-hydroxypropylammonium, di(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, and tri(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium cation.

[0039] Preferably, the cation M + is a sodium cation or a substituted or unsubstituted ammonium cation, more preferably a cation of formula H 4-m NR 1 m + In particular, M + is a sodium cation or a substituted or unsubstituted ammonium cation, more preferably a cation of formula H 4-m NR 1 m + where m is 1, 2, or 3; 1 is a C1-C4 alkyl substituted with one hydroxyl group or one methoxy group, such as hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxypropyl.

[0040] According to the present invention, the variable n in formula (I) is an integer in the range 1 to 10, preferably in the range 1 to 8, particularly in the range 1 to 7, especially in the range 1 to 5; for example, n is 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0041] The alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I) are typically mixtures of compounds having different n. The average n is typically in the range of 1 to 10, preferably 1.1 to 7.0, particularly 1.5 to 6.0, and more preferably 1.7 to 5.0. All references to the average n refer to the number average of repeat units AO per molecule, i.e., the relative molar amount of repeat units AO to R.

[0042] The variable A in formula (I) is a C2-C3 alkanediyl, in particular 1,2-ethanediyl (=CH2CH2), 1,2-propanediyl (=CH2CH(CH3)), or a combination thereof. When n>1, the repeating units AO of the moiety may be the same or different. Preferably, A is CH2CH2 or a combination of CH2CH2 and CH2CH(CH3). In other words, the repeating units AO in the moiety are preferably ethylene oxide (=CH2CHO) units or 1,2-propylene oxide (=CH2CH(CH3)O) units. Hereinafter, ethylene oxide will also be referred to as EO and propylene oxide as PO.

[0043] In a particular group (i) of embodiments, the moiety -(AO) in formula (I) n -EO n where n is an average value in the range of 1 to 10, preferably in the range of 1.1 to 5.0, particularly in the range of 1.5 to 4.5, and more preferably in the range of 1.7 to 3.5. The alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) in embodiment (i) can be represented by the following formula (Ii): [RO-EO n -SO3] - M + (II) (Wherein R, EO, M + , and n are as defined herein).

[0044] Particularly preferred examples of alkyl ether sulfates of formula (Ii) are alkyl ether sulfates of formula (Ii), where n is on average about 2, that is, in the range of 1.8 to 2.2.

[0045] In another particular group (ii) of embodiments, the moiety -(AO) in formula (I) n - PO p EO q In the formula, p is an integer ranging from 1 to 9, particularly from 1 to 5, and particularly from 1 or 2, q is an integer ranging from 1 to 9, particularly from 1 to 5, and particularly from 1 to 4, p+q=n, and the average of p+q is in the range of 1 to 10, preferably in the range of 1.1 to 7.0, particularly in the range of 1.5 to 6.0, and more preferably in the range of 1.7 to 5.0. p EO q In the formula (II), the EO and PO repeating units may be distributed randomly or in blocks. The alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) in embodiment (ii) can be represented by the following formula (I-ii): [RO-PO p EO q -SO3] - M + (I-ii) (Wherein R, EO, PO, M + , p, and q are as defined herein, and the repeating units EO and PO are represented by the moiety PO p EO q (They may be randomly or block-distributed within the

[0046] Particularly preferred examples of the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I-ii) are alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I-ii) in which p is in the average range of 0.7 to 1.9 and q is in the average range of 1.1 to 3.6.

[0047] In a particular group (iii) of embodiments, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) is a mixture of alkyl ether sulfates of embodiments (i) and (ii), in which the average p is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 4.0, particularly in the range of 0.5 to 2.0, the average q is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 4.8, particularly in the range of 1.0 to 3.6, and the average p+q is preferably in the range of 1.1 to 5.0, particularly in the range of 1.5 to 4.5, more preferably in the range of 1.7 to 3.5.

[0048] Suitable examples of particularly preferred alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I), (Ii), and (I-ii) include, but are not limited to, the following: - sodium 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate, ammonium 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate, hydroxyethylammonium 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate, di(hydroxyethyl)ammonium 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate, tri(hydroxyethyl)ammonium 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate, 2-hydroxypropylammonium 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate, di(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate, tri(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate, - sodium isodecyl ether sulfate, potassium isodecyl ether sulfate, ammonium isodecyl ether sulfate, hydroxyethylammonium isodecyl ether sulfate, di(hydroxyethyl)ammonium isodecyl ether sulfate, tri(hydroxyethyl)ammonium isodecyl ether sulfate, 2-hydroxypropylammonium isodecyl ether sulfate, di(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium isodecyl ether sulfate, tri(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium isodecyl ether sulfate, i.e., alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I), wherein M is selected from sodium, potassium, ammonium, hydroxyethylammonium, di(hydroxyethyl)ammonium, tri(hydroxyethyl)ammonium, 2-hydroxypropylammonium, di(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, or tri(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, and the ether moiety -(AO) in formula (I) n - is as described for groups (i) and (ii) of embodiments of EO n or P.O. p EO qIn this particularly preferred alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I), the number average of the variable n is preferably in the range of 1.1 to 7, especially in the range of 1 to 4, and especially n is 1, 2 or 3, and the average of n is preferably in the range of 1.1 to 5.0, especially in the range of 1.5 to 4.5, more preferably in the range of 1.7 to 3.5.

[0049] In particular, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) is ammonium 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate, where M + is H4 -m NR 1 m + and R 1 is as defined above, and is in particular selected from the group consisting of unbranched or branched alkyl radicals preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably OH-substituted alkyl radicals having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as CH2CH2OH and CH2CH(OH)CH3, m is an integer in the range of 1 to 4, in particular 1, 2 or 3, the variable n is preferably in the range of 1 to 5, in particular in the range of 1 to 3, and in particular n is 2, with the average n being preferably in the range of 1.1 to 5.0, in particular in the range of 1.5 to 4.5, and in particular in the range of 1.7 to 3.5. Among these alkyl ether sulfates, M + H 4-m NR 1 m + and R 1 is as defined above, and in particular OH-substituted alkyl radicals preferably having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as selected from the group consisting of CH2CH2OH and CH2CH(OH)CH3, where m is 1, 2 or 3, are particularly preferred.

[0050] The alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) of the present invention is a C2-C3 alkoxylated 2-propylheptan-1-ol of formula (II) RO-(AO) n -H (II) can be prepared by sulfation by sulfation using sulfuric acid or a sulfuric acid derivative such as chlorosulfonic acid in a manner known per se, followed by neutralization to obtain the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I). This method can be carried out in a similar manner to the alkyl ether sulfates described in WO 2005 / 077893 and the documents cited therein. In formula (II), R, A, and n are as defined in formula (I).

[0051] According to a group of preferred embodiments of the present invention, R in formula (I) is 2-propylheptyl or comprises at least 90% by weight of 2-propylheptyl, based on the total weight of radicals R in formula (I). These compounds are prepared by sulfation of C2-C3 alkoxylated 2-propylheptan-1-ol of formula (II), which itself is based on 2-propylheptanol.

[0052] 2-Propylheptanol is a Guerbet alcohol, which can be obtained, for example, by dimerizing the corresponding primary alcohol in the presence of an alkaline condensing agent such as potassium hydroxide at high temperatures, for example, 180-300°C.

[0053] According to another preferred group of embodiments of the present invention, R in formula (I) is isodecyl as defined herein or comprises at least 90% by weight of isodecyl as defined herein, based on the total weight of radicals R in formula (I). Isodecyl refers to a branched decyl radical having at least one methyl group, in particular one, two, three or four methyl groups attached to a tertiary carbon atom, i.e., a CH group of R. In this group of embodiments, R is in particular C 10 Derived from oxo alcohols. C 10 Oxo alcohols are hereinafter referred to as C Oxo alcohols, the main component of which is characterized in that it has at least one methyl group attached to a tertiary carbon atom of R, in particular in the 2-position relative to the OH group. 10 Represents a mixture of alcohols. 10Oxo alcohols are typically obtained by hydroformylation of 1-nonene or 1-isononene. Isononene is typically obtained by oligomerization of propene followed by fractional distillation of the oligomer mixture to obtain fractions in which the proportion of isononene is at least 90% by weight, based on the total weight of hydrocarbons in the fraction.

[0054] In one particular group of embodiments of the present invention, R in formula (I) is - 0.1 to 99% by weight, in particular 1 to 70% by weight, in particular 10 to 50% by weight, of 2-propylheptyl, based on the total weight of radicals R of formula (I); and from 1 to 99.9% by weight, in particular from 30 to 99% by weight, in particular from 50 to 90% by weight, of isodecyl, based on the total weight of radicals R of formula (I); wherein the combined weight of 2-propylheptyl and isodecyl is at least 90% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, in particular at least 99% by weight, based on the total weight of radicals R of formula (I).

[0055] Preferably, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) is used in an amount such that the weight ratio of alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) to herbicidal compound is in the range of 1:10 to 10:1, especially in the range of 1:5 to 7:1, and especially in the range of 1:1 to 6:1.

[0056] As described above, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) improves the herbicidal effect of one or more herbicidal compounds compared to when the one or more herbicidal compounds are used alone.

[0057] In particular, the alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I) can enhance the herbicidal effect of the herbicidal compounds of groups (a) to (o): (a) Herbicidal compounds of the group of glutamine synthetase inhibitors; (b) herbicidal compounds of the group of enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase inhibitors (EPSP inhibitors); (c) herbicidal compounds of the group of acetolactate synthase inhibitors (ALS inhibitors); (d) herbicidal compounds of the group of protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase inhibitors; (e) herbicidal compounds of the group of auxin herbicides and auxin transport inhibitors; (f) herbicidal compounds of the group of photosynthesis inhibitors; (g) herbicidal compounds from the group of lipid biosynthesis inhibitors (acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, ACCase inhibitors); (h) Lipid biosynthesis inhibitors other than ACCase inhibitors; (i) bleaching herbicides; (j) 7,8-dihydropteroate synthase inhibitors (DHP inhibitors); (k) mitotic inhibitors; (l) very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitors (VLCFA inhibitors); (m) cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors; (n) decoupler herbicide; (o) Bromobutide, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl, cinmethylin, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate and its salts and esters, dazomet, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-methylsulfate, dimethipine, DSMA, dymron, endothal and its salts, etobenzanide, flamprop, flamprop-isopropyl, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop- Other herbicides selected from the group consisting of M-methyl, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, fluprimidol, phosamine, phosamine-ammonium, indanofan, maleic hydrazide, mefluidide, metam, methiozolin, methyl azide, methyl bromide, methyl-dymron, methyl iodide, MSMA, oleic acid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid, pyributicarb, quinoclamine, tetflupyrolimet, tridiphane, 6-chloro-3-(2-cyclopropyl-6-methylphenoxy)-4-pyridazinol (CAS 499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, and 6-chloro-4-(2,7-dimethyl-1-naphthyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one (CAS 2414510-21-5) (HST inhibitor; FMC).

[0058] Thus, the herbicidal compound is selected from at least one herbicidal compound of groups (a) to (o) defined above.

[0059] Particularly preferably, the herbicidal compound comprises a herbicidal compound of group (a), which is in particular selected from the group consisting of glufosinate, glufosinate salts, and combinations thereof.

[0060] Examples of herbicidal compounds in group (a) include, but are not limited to, viranaphos (bialaphos), viranaphos-sodium, glufosinate, glufosinate P, glufosinate salts (e.g., glufosinate ammonium).

[0061] Glufosinate (CAS Reg. No. 51276-47-2), whose IUPAC name is (2RS)-2-amino-4-[hydroxy(methyl)phosphinoyl]butyric acid or 4-[hydroxy(methyl)phosphinoyl]-DL-homoalanine or DL-4-[hydroxyl(methyl)phosphinoyl]-DL-homoalaninate, is known, as are its agriculturally acceptable salts, in particular glufosinate ammonium (IUPAC name: ammonium (2RS)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinate)butyrate, CAS Reg. No. 77182-82-2). U.S. Pat. No. 4,168,963 describes phosphorus-containing compounds with herbicidal activity, in particular phosphinothricin (2-amino-4-[hydroxy(methyl)phosphinoyl]butanoic acid; generic name: glufosinate) and its salts, which have become commercially important in the field of agrochemistry (agricultural chemistry).

[0062] For example, glufosinate and its salts, such as glufosinate ammonium, and their herbicidal activity are described, for example, in F. Schwerdtle et al., Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz, 1981, Sonderheft IX, pp. 431-440.

[0063] Formulations of glufosinate as a racemate and its salts are commercially available, for example, under the trade names Basta™ and Liberty™.

[0064] Glufosinate is represented by the following structure (IV): [ka]

[0065] The compound of formula (IV) is racemic.

[0066] Glufosinate is a racemate of two enantiomers, only one of which exhibits sufficient herbicidal activity (see, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,265,654 and JP92448 / 83). Various methods for preparing L-glufosinate (and the corresponding salts) are known, but the mixtures known in the art do not mention the stereochemistry, which means that a racemate exists (see, for example, WO2003024221, WO2011104213, WO2016113334, and WO2009141367).

[0067] The term "glufosinate" as used herein typically comprises about 50% by weight of the L-enantiomer and about 50% by weight of the D-enantiomer in one embodiment of the invention, and more than 70% by weight of the L-enantiomer, preferably more than 80% by weight of the L-enantiomer, more preferably more than 90% by weight of the L-enantiomer, and most preferably more than 95% by weight of the L-enantiomer in another embodiment of the invention. The L-enantiomer of glufosinate is also referred to as glufosinate-P.

[0068] Glufosinate in its racemic form and its salts and formulations thereof are commercially available, for example, under the trade names Basta™ and Liberty™.

[0069] In one embodiment, the herbicidal compound is selected from the racemic mixture of glufosinate described above, which glufosinate contains about 50% by weight of the L-enantiomer and about 50% by weight of the D-enantiomer.

[0070] In another embodiment, the herbicidal compound comprises glufosinate, and at least 70% by weight of the glufosinate is L-glufosinate or a salt thereof.

[0071] L-glufosinate, which has the IUPAC name (2S)-2-amino-4-[hydroxy(methyl)phosphinoyl]butyric acid (CAS Reg. No. 35597-44-5) and is also called glufosinate-P, can be obtained commercially or prepared as described, for example, in WO 2006 / 104120, U.S. Pat. No. 5,530,142, EP 0248357 A2, EP 0249188 A2, EP 0344683 A2, EP 0367145 A2, EP 0477902 A2, EP 0127429, and J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1, 1992, 1525-1529.

[0072] Preferably, the salt of glufosinate or the salt of (L)-glufosinate is sodium, potassium or ammonium (NH4 + ) salts, specifically for L-glufosinate: glufosinate-P-ammonium (IUPAC name: ammonium (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinate)butyrate; CAS Registry Number 73777-50-1), glufosinate-P-sodium (IUPAC name: sodium (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinate)butyrate; CAS Registry Number 70033-13-5), and glufosinate-P-potassium (IUPAC name: potassium (2S)-2-amino-4-(methylphosphinate)butyrate).

[0073] In a particular group of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is a sodium salt, a potassium salt, or an ammonium salt (NH4 + ) salts.

[0074] Therefore, the herbicidal compound preferably comprises (L)-glufosinate ammonium or (L)-glufosinate sodium or (L)-glufosinate potassium and (L)-glufosinate as the free acid, or is (L)-glufosinate itself. (L)-glufosinate ammonium, i.e., the ammonium salt of glufosinate (NH + ) salts are particularly preferred.

[0075] In a particular group of embodiments, the herbicidal compounds of group (A) are, in particular, the sodium, potassium, and ammonium (NH4 + More preferably, the herbicidal compound of group (a) is an L-glufosinate salt selected from the group consisting of glufosinate-P-ammonium, glufosinate-P-sodium, and glufosinate-P-potassium.

[0076] In particular, the herbicidal compound is the ammonium salt of L-glufosinate.

[0077] The herbicidal compounds of group (a), particularly the glufosinate or salts thereof described herein above, may be the only herbicidal compounds used in combination with the compounds of formula (I).

[0078] However, the compounds of formula (I) may also be used in combination with at least two herbicidal compounds, in which case the herbicidal compounds used in combination with the compounds of formula (I) include in particular a herbicidal compound of group (a), in particular the above-mentioned glufosinate or a salt thereof described herein, and at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from groups (b) to (o): (b) herbicidal compounds of the group of enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase inhibitors (EPSP inhibitors); (c) herbicidal compounds of the group of acetolactate synthase inhibitors (ALS inhibitors); (d) herbicidal compounds of the group of protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase inhibitors; (e) herbicidal compounds of the group of auxin herbicides and auxin transport inhibitors; (f) herbicidal compounds of the group of photosynthesis inhibitors; (g) herbicidal compounds from the group of lipid biosynthesis inhibitors (acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, ACCase inhibitors); (h) Lipid biosynthesis inhibitors other than ACCase inhibitors; (i) bleaching herbicides; (j) 7,8-dihydropteroate synthase inhibitors (DHP inhibitors); (k) mitotic inhibitors; (l) very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitors (VLCFA inhibitors); (m) cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors; (n) decoupler herbicide; (o) Bromobutide, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl, cinmethylin, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate and its salts and esters, dazomet, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-methylsulfate, dimethipine, DSMA, dymron, endothal and its salts, etobenzanide, flamprop, flamprop-isopropyl, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop- Other herbicides selected from the group consisting of M-methyl, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, fluprimidol, phosamine, phosamine-ammonium, indanofan, maleic hydrazide, mefluidide, metam, methiozolin, methyl azide, methyl bromide, methyl-dymron, methyl iodide, MSMA, oleic acid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid, pyributicarb, quinoclamine, tetflupyrolimet, tridiphane, 6-chloro-3-(2-cyclopropyl-6-methylphenoxy)-4-pyridazinol (CAS 499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, 6-chloro-4-(2,7-dimethyl-1-naphthyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one (CAS 2414510-21-5) (HST inhibitor; FMC).

[0079] Suitable examples of herbicidal compounds of group (b) of enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase inhibitors (EPSP inhibitors) include, but are not limited to, glyphosate, glyphosate-isopropylammonium salt, glyphosate-trimesium salt, glyphosate-ammonium salt, glyphosate-diammonium salt, glyphosate-dimethylammonium salt, glyphosate-monoethanolamine salt, glyphosate-sodium salt, glyphosate-potassium salt, glyphosate-guanidine salt, agricultural salts, and derivatives thereof.

[0080] Suitable salts of glyphosate include, but are not limited to, glyphosate-ammonium, glyphosate-diammonium, glyphosate-dimethylammonium, glyphosate-isopropylammonium, glyphosate-potassium, glyphosate-sodium, glyphosate-trimesium, and ethanolamine and diethanolamine salts, preferably glyphosate-diammonium, glyphosate-isopropylammonium, and glyphosate-trimesium (sulfosate).

[0081] Group (c) of herbicidal compounds, acetolactate synthase inhibitors (ALS inhibitors), also known as AHAS inhibitors or acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibitors, have a mechanism of action that involves inhibiting a step in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids in plants and are compounds that belong to Group B of the HRAC classification system (see HRAC, Classification of Herbicides According to Mode of Action).

[0082] Suitable examples of herbicidal compounds of group (c) of ALS inhibitors include, but are not limited to: Imidazolinone herbicides, such as imazapic, imazamethabenz, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazamox, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr and their salts; Sulfonylurea herbicides, such as amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, chlorimuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorsulfuron, cinosulfuron, cyclosulfamuron, ethametsulfuron, ethametsulfuron-methyl, ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, flucetosulfuron, flupyrsulfuron, flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium, foramsulfuron, halosulfuron, halosulfuron-methyl, imazosulfuron, iodosulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, iofensulfuron, iofensulfuron-sodium, mesosulfuron, mesosulfuron-methyl , metazosulfuron, metsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, nicosulfuron, orthosulfamuron, oxasulfuron, primisulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, propyrisulfuron, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, rimsulfuron, sulfometuron, sulfometuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, triasulfuron, tribenuron, tribenuron-methyl, triflusulfuron, triflusulfuron-methyl, trifloxysulfuron, trifloxysulfuron-sodium salt, triflusulfuron, tritosulfuron, and their salts and esters; Triazolopyrimidine herbicides and sulfonanilides, such as cloransulam, cloransulam-methyl, diclosulam, florasulam, flumetsulam, metosulam, penoxsulam, pyrimisulfan, pyroxsulam, and their salts and esters; Pyrimidinyl (thio)benzoate herbicides, such as bispyribac, pyribenzoxim, pyriftalid, pyrimisulfan, pyrithiobac, pyriminobac, their salts and esters, such as bispyribac-sodium, pyrithiobac-sodium, and pyriminobac-methyl, as well as 4-[[[2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]phenyl]methyl]amino]-benzoic acid 1-methylethyl ester (CAS 420138-41-6), 4-[[[2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]phenyl]methyl]amino]-benzoic acid propyl ester (CAS 420138-40-5), and N-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]benzenemethanamine (CAS 420138-01-8); and Sulfonylamino-carbonyl-triazolinone herbicides, such as flucarbazone, propoxycarbazone, thiencarbazone, and triafamone, and their salts and esters, such as flucarbazone-sodium, propoxycarbazone-sodium, and thiencarbazone-methyl.

[0083] In particular, the herbicides of group (c) are selected from the group consisting of imidazolinone herbicides and salts thereof, in particular imazapic, imazamox, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, combinations thereof, salts thereof, and combinations of salts thereof.

[0084] Suitable salts of imidazolinone herbicides include imazapic salts, imazamox salts, imazapyr salts, imazaquin salts, and imazethapyr salts. Suitable salts of imazamox include, for example, imazamox-ammonium. Suitable salts of imazapic include, for example, imazapic-ammonium and imazapic-isopropylammonium. Suitable salts of imazapyr include, for example, imazapyr-ammonium and imazapyr-isopropylammonium. Suitable salts of imazaquin include, for example, imazaquin-ammonium. Suitable salts of imazethapyr include, for example, imazethapyr-ammonium and imazethapyr-isopropylammonium.

[0085] Group (d) of herbicidal compounds, protoporphyrinogen-IX-oxidase inhibitors (PPO inhibitors), have a mechanism of action that involves inhibiting a step in chlorophyll biosynthesis in plants and are compounds that belong to Group E of the HRAC classification system (see HRAC, Classification of Herbicides According to Mode of Action, http: / / www.plantprotection.org / hrac / MOA.html).

[0086] Suitable examples of herbicidal compounds of group (d) of protoporphyrinogen-IX-oxidase inhibitors (PPO inhibitors) include, but are not limited to: Pyrimidinedione herbicides, such as benzfendizone, butafenacil, saflufenacil, thiafenacil, ethyl [3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-3-yl)phenoxy]-2-pyridyloxy]acetate (CAS 353292-31-6), 1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-3-(2,2,7-trifluoro-3-oxo-4-prop-2-ynyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione, and 3-[7-chloro-5-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl]-1-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (CAS 212754-02-4) and their salts, in particular the lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium salts as defined above, in particular the mono-, di- and tri-C1-C8 alkylammonium salts such as methylammonium, dimethylammonium and isopropylammonium; triazolinone herbicides, such as azafenidin, bencarbazone, carfentrazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, ipfencarbazone, sulfentrazone, and their salts, in particular the sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium salts as defined above, in particular the mono-, di- and tri-C1-C8 alkylammonium salts, such as methylammonium, dimethylammonium and isopropylammonium, and their esters, in particular the C1-C8 alkyl esters, such as the methyl ester, ethyl ester or isopropyl ester; diphenyl ether herbicides, such as ethoxyfen, acifluorfen, acifluorfen-sodium salt, aclonifen, chlormethoxynil, bifenox, chlormethoxyfen, chlornitrofen, etonipromide, fluorodifen, fluoroglycofen, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, fluoronitrofen, fomesafen, fomesafen-sodium salt, fukaomi, furyloxyfen, halosafen, lactofen, nitrofen, nitrofluorfen, oxyfluorfen, and their salts, in particular the sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium salts as defined above, in particular mono-, di- and tri-C1-C8 alkylammonium salts such as methylammonium, dimethylammonium and isopropylammonium, and their esters, in particular the methyl ester, ethyl ester or C1-C8 alkyl ester, such as isopropyl ester; N-phenyl(phthal)imide herbicides, such as fluthiacet, fluthiacet-methyl, cinidon, cinidon-ethyl, flumioxazin, pentoxazone, flumiclorac, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumipropyne, and 2-(2,2,7-trifluoro-3-oxo-4-prop-2-ynyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-isoindole-1,3-dione (CAS 1300118-96-0). Also included are salts of cinidon and flumiclorac, in particular their sodium, potassium, ammonium, or substituted ammonium salts as defined above, in particular mono-, di-, and tri-C1-C8 alkylammonium salts, such as isopropylammonium salts, and esters of cinidon and flumiclorac, in particular their C1-C8 alkylesters, such as the methyl, ethyl, and isopropyl esters; N-phenyloxadiazolone herbicides, such as oxadiazon and oxadiargyl; Phenylpyrazole herbicides, such as pyraflufen, pyraflufen-ethyl, fluazolate; Pyridazinone herbicides, such as flufenpyr and flufenpyr-ethyl; and Other herbicides, such as pyraclonil, chlorphthalim, cyclopyranil, profluazole, thidiazimine, trifludimoxadine, epirifenacil, N-ethyl-3-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide (CAS 452098-92-9), N-tetrahydrofurfuryl-3-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide (CAS 915396-43-9), N-ethyl-3-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide (CAS 452099-05-7), N-tetrahydrofurfuryl-3-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide (CAS 452100-03-7), 3-[7-fluoro-3-oxo-4-(prop-2-ynyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl]-1,5-dimethyl-6-thioxo-[1,3,5]triazinane-2,4-dione (CAS 451484-50-7), 1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-3-(2,2,7-trifluoro-3-oxo-4-prop-2-ynyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (CAS 1304113-05-0), methyl (E)-4-[2-chloro-5-[4-chloro-5-(difluoromethoxy)-1H-methylpyrazol-3-yl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-3-methoxy-but-2-enoate (CAS 948893-00-3), 3-[7-chloro-5-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-4-yl]-1-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (CAS 212754-02-4), 2-[2-chloro-5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-methoxyacetic acid methyl ester (CAS 1970221-16-9), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158274-96-3), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-50-9), methyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate (CAS 2271389-22-9), ethyl 2-[[3-[2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluorophenoxy]-2-pyridyl]oxy]acetate (CAS 2230679-62-4), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158275-73-9), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-56-5), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158274-53-2), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158276-22-1), 3-[2-chloro-5-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-Dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluorophenyl]-4,5-dihydro-5-methyl-5-isoxazolecarboxylic acid ethyl ester (CAS 1949837-17-5).

[0087] Group (e) of herbicidal compounds, the auxinic herbicides and auxin transport inhibitors, also known as synthetic auxins, are compounds that act similarly to the plant hormone auxins, such as indole-3-acetic acid. Synthetic auxins belong to Group O of the HRAC classification system (see HRAC, Classification of Herbicides According to Mode of Action, http: / / www.plantprotection.org / hrac / MOA.html).

[0088] Suitable examples of herbicidal compounds of group (e) of auxinic herbicides and auxin transport inhibitors include, for example: Benzoic acid herbicides such as dicamba, tricamba, chloramben, 2,3,6-TBA (2,3,6-trichlorobenzoic acid), and their salts and esters, such as dicamba diethanolamine salt, dicamba ethanolamine salt, dicamba N,N-bis-(3-aminopropyl)methylamine salt (dicamba BAPMA salt), and dicamba potassium salt; Quinolinecarboxylic acid herbicides, such as quinclorac, quinmerac, and their salts and esters, such as quinclorac-dimethylammonium; Pyridinecarboxylic acid herbicides, such as aminopyralid and its salts (potassium, tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, and choline salts), clopyralid and its salts (olamine, potassium, triethylammonium, and choline salts), halauxifen, halauxifen-methyl, florpyrauxifen, florpyrauxifen-benzyl (CAS 1390661-72-9), picloram and its salts (potassium, tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, and choline salts), aminocyclopyrachlor and its salts and esters, triclopyr and its salts or esters (butotyl ester and triethylammonium salt), fluroxypyr and its salts and esters, such as aminopyralid-dimethylammonium, aminopyralid-tris(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, fluroxypyr-butomethyl, and fluroxypyr-meptyl; Phenoxycarboxylic acid herbicides, such as clomeprop, phenoxyacetic acid herbicides, 2,4-D, 3,4-DA, MCPA, and its salts or esters (such as dimethylammonium salt, 2-ethylhexyl ester, isooctyl ester, sodium salt, and choline salt), MCPA-thioethyl, 2,4,5-T, phenoxypropionic acid herbicides, such as 2,4-DP (dichlorprop) and its salts or esters (butotyl ester, dimethylammonium salt, 2-ethylhexyl ester, isooctyl ester, methyl ester, potassium salt, sodium salt, and choline salt), 2,4-DP-P, 2,4-DP-P dimethylammonium, 4-CPP, 3,4-DP, fenoprop, CMPP (mecoprop) and its salts or esters (dimethylammonium salt, diolamine salt, etadyl ester, 2-ethylhexyl ester, isooctyl ester, methyl ester, potassium salt, sodium salt, trolamine salt, and choline salt), CMPP-P (mecoprop-P) and its salts or esters (dimethylammonium salt, 2-ethylhexyl ester, isobutyl salt, potassium salt, and choline salt), and phenoxybutyric acid herbicides such as 4CPB, 2,4-DB and its salts or esters, such as dimethylammonium salt, isooctyl ester, choline salt, 3,4-DB, 2,4,5-TB, MCPB, and their salts and esters; Other herbicides, such as benazolin, benazolin-ethyl, 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(7-fluoro-1H-indol-6-yl)picolinic acid (CAS 1629965-65-6), diflufenzopyr, diflufenzopyr-sodium, naptalam, and naptalam-sodium.

[0089] Herbicides in group (f) of herbicidal compounds are inhibitors of electron transport in plant photosynthesis, with a mechanism of action that involves inhibition of electron transport in photosystem II of plant photosynthesis. They are also called PS II inhibitors. They belong to groups C1 to C3 of the HRAC classification system (see HRAC, Classification of Herbicides According to Mode of Action, http: / / www.plantprotection.org / hrac / MOA.html).

[0090] Photosynthesis inhibitors (PS II inhibitors) are known, for example, from K.-W. Muenks and K.-H. Mueller, "Photosynthesis Inhibitors," in "Modern Crop Protection Compounds," Vol. 1, Wiley-VHC 2007, pp. 359-400; CDS Tomlin, "The Pesticide Manual," 13th Edition, BCPC (2003), and The Compendium of Pesticide Common Names, http: / / www.alanwood.net / pesticides / .

[0091] The term photosynthesis inhibitor (PS II inhibitor) as used herein is intended to include salts, isomers, and esters of the aforementioned compounds. Suitable salts include, for example, alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts, or organic ammonium salts, such as sodium salts, potassium salts, ammonium salts, and isopropylammonium salts. Suitable isomers are stereoisomers, such as enantiomers. Suitable esters include, for example, C1-C8 (branched or unbranched) alkyl esters, such as methyl esters, ethyl esters, and isopropyl esters.

[0092] Suitable examples of herbicidal compounds of group (f) of photosynthesis inhibitors include, for example: Arylurea herbicides, such as chlorbromuron, chlorotoluron, chloroxuron, dimefuron, diuron, ethidimuron, fenuron, fluometuron, isoproturon, isouron, linuron, benzthiazuron, methabenzthiazuron, metobenzuron, metobromuron, metoxuron, monolinuron, nebron, siduron, tetrafluron, tebuthiuron, thidiazuron, and their salts and esters; Triazine(di)one herbicides, such as ametridione, amivudine, etiodin, hexazinone, isomethiozine, metamitron, metribuzin, and their salts and esters; triazine herbicides, such as chlorotriazine, triazinones, triazinediones, methylthiotriazine, chloridazon, terbuthylazine, trietazine, ametryn, atrazine, adiprothrin, chlorazine, cyanatryn, cyanazine, cyprazine, desmetryn, dimethamethrin, eglinazine, ipazine, mesoprazine, metoprothrin, prometryn, procyazine, proglinazin, prometon, propazine, sebutylazine, simazine, simetryn, terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, trietazine, and their salts and esters, such as eglinazine-ethyl and proglinazin-ethyl; pyridazinone herbicides, such as brompyrazone, chloridazon, dimidazon, metofluran, norflurazone, oxapyrazon, pidanone, and their salts and esters (the preferred pyridazinone herbicide is chloridazon); Phenylcarbamate herbicides, such as desmedipham, carbutilate, phenisopham, phenmedipham, and their salts and esters, such as phenmedipham-ethyl; nitrile herbicides, such as bromobornyl, bromofenoxime, bromoxynil, bromoxynil-octanoate, chloroxynil, dichlobenil, iodobornyl, ioxynil, ioxynil-octanoate, and their salts and esters, in particular bromoxynil, chloroxynil, and ioxynil (the preferred nitrile herbicide is bromoxynil); benzothiadiazinone herbicides, such as bentazone and its salts, in particular its alkali metal salts, such as bentazone sodium; Uracil herbicides, such as bromacil, flupropacil, isocyl, lenacil, terbacil, and salts of bromacil, especially the alkali metal salts thereof, such as bromacil-lithium and bromacil-sodium; Phenylpyridazine herbicides, such as pyridate; and Amide herbicides, e.g., amicarbazone, propanil, Other herbicides, such as 1-(6-tert-butylpyrimidin-4-yl)-2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1654744-66-7), 1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1637455-12-9), 1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)-4-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1637453-94-1), 1-(5-tert-butyl-1-methylpyrazol-3-yl)-4-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1654057-29-0), 1-(5-tert-butyl-1-methylpyrazol-3-yl)-3-chloro-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-pyrrol-5-one (CAS 1654747-80-4), 4-hydroxy-1-methoxy-5-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one; (CAS 2023785-78-4), 4-hydroxy-1,5-dimethyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 2023785-79-5), 5-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 1701416-69-4), 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyl]imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 1708087-22-2), 4-hydroxy-1,5-dimethyl-3-[1-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-3-yl]imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 2023785-80-8), 1-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)-4-ethoxy-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-imidazolidin-2-one (CAS 1844836-64-1), pyridafol, pentanochlor, diquat, diquat dibromide, paraquat, paraquat dichloride, and paraquat dimethyl sulfate.

[0093] Among these, aryl urea herbicides are preferred.

[0094] Herbicides in group (g) of herbicidal compounds are inhibitors of lipid biosynthesis (acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, ACCase inhibitors). These compounds have a mechanism of action that involves the inhibition of lipid biosynthesis in plants and belong to group A of the HRAC classification system (see HRAC, Classification of Herbicides According to Mode of Action, http: / / www.plantprotection.org / hrac / MOA.html).

[0095] Suitable ACCase inhibitors are known, for example, from CDS Tomlin, "The Pesticide Manual", 13th Edition, BCPC (2003) and The Compendium of Pesticide Common Names, http: / / www.alanwood.net / pesticides / .

[0096] The term "ACCase inhibitor" as used herein is intended to include salts, isomers, and esters of the aforementioned compounds. Suitable salts include, for example, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts, and organic ammonium salts, such as sodium salts, potassium salts, ammonium salts, and isopropylammonium salts. Suitable isomers are, for example, stereoisomers, such as enantiomers. Suitable esters include, for example, propargyl esters, tefuryl (tetrahydrofurfuryl) esters, ethotyl (ethoxyethyl) esters, and C1-C8 (branched or unbranched) alkyl esters, such as methyl esters, ethyl esters, isopropyl esters, butyl esters, and isobutyl esters.

[0097] Suitable ACCase inhibitors of group (g) of herbicidal compounds include: Aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides, such as chloradifop, clodinafop, clofop, cyhalofop, diclofop, fenoxaprop, fentiaprop, fluazifop, haloxyfop, isoxapyrifop, quikaoxy, metamifop, propaquizafop, quizalofop, trifop, and their enantiomers and salts and esters, such as fenoxaprop-P, fluazifop-P, haloxyfop-P, quizalofop-P, haloxyfop-sodium, cloradifop-propargyrin, ol, clodinafop-propargyl, clofop-isobutyl, cyhalofop-butyl, diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fentiaprop-ethyl, fluazifop-methyl, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop-ethotyl, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P-ethotyl, haloxyfop-P-methyl, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-tefuryl, quizalofop-P-ethyl, and quizalofop-P-tefuryl; Cyclohexanedione herbicides, such as alloxydim, butroxydim, clethodim, cloproxydim, cycloxydim, profoxydim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim, tralkoxydim, and their salts, such as alloxydim-sodium; Phenylpyrazoline herbicides, such as pinoxaden; and Unclassified herbicides, such as 4-(4'-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one (CAS 1312337-72-6); 4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-cyclopropyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one (CAS 1312337-45-3); 4-(4'-chloro-4-ethyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one (CAS 1033757-93-5; 4-(2',4'-cyclolo-4-ethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3,5(4H,6H)-dione (CAS 1312340-84-3); 5-(acetyloxy)-4-(4'-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one (CAS 1312337-48-6;5-(acetyloxy)-4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-cyclopropyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one;5-(acetyloxy)-4-(4'-chloro-4-ethyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one (CAS 1312340-82-1);5-(acetyloxy)-4-(2',4'-dichloro-4-ethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2H-pyran-3-one (CAS 1033760-55-2);4-(4'-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-yl carbonate methyl ester (CAS 1312337-51-1);4-(2',4'-Dichloro-4-cyclopropyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbonic acid methyl ester; 4-(4'-chloro-4-ethyl-2'-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbonic acid methyl ester (CAS 1312340-83-2); and 4-(2',4'-Dichloro-4-ethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbonic acid methyl ester (CAS 1033760-58-5), as described in WO 2010 / 136431, WO 2011 / 073615, and WO 2011 / 073616;

[0098] Suitable non-ACCase inhibitors of group (h) of herbicidal compounds include, for example, benfuresate, butyrate, cycloate, dalapon, dimepiperate, EPTC, esprocarb, ethofumesate, flupropanate, molinate, orbencarb, pebulate, prosulfocarb, TCA, thiobencarb, thiocarbazyl, triallate, vernolate.

[0099] Suitable herbicidal compounds of group (i) include, for example, PDS inhibitors: beflubutamid, diflufenican, fluridone, flurochloridone, flurtamone, norflurazon, picolinafen, 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyrimidine (CAS 180608-33-7), rimisoxafen, HPPD inhibitors: benzobicyclon, benzofenap, bicyclopyrone, clomazone, fenquinotrione, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, oxotrione (CAS 180608-33-7), 1486617-21-3), pyrasulfotole, pyrazolinate, pyrazoxyfen, sulcotrione, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, tolpyralate, topramezone, bipyrazone, fenpyrazone, sipirafluone, tripyrasulfone, benquitrione, dioxopyritrione; whitening agents, unknown target: aclonifen, amitrole flumeturon, 2-chloro-3-methylsulfanyl-N-(1-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (CAS 1361139-71-0), bixlozone, and 2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)methyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone (CAS 81778-66-7); Examples include:

[0100] Suitable herbicidal compounds of group (j) include, for example, the DHP synthase inhibitor: asulam.

[0101] Suitable herbicidal compounds of group (k) include, for example, compounds of group K1: dinitroanilines such as benfluralin, butralin, dinitramine, ethalfuralin, fluchloralin, oryzalin, pendimethalin, prodiamine and trifluralin, phosphoramidates such as amiprophos, amiprophos-methyl and butamifos, benzoic acid herbicides such as chlorthal, chlorthal-dimethyl, pyridines such as dithiopyr and thiazopyr, benzamides such as propyzamide and tebutam; compounds of group K2: carbetamide, chlorpropham, flamprop, flamprop-isopropyl, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop-M-methyl and propham, of which compounds of group K1, in particular dinitroaniline, are preferred.

[0102] Suitable herbicidal compounds of group (l) include, for example, chloroacetamides such as acetochlor, alachlor, amidochlor, butachlor, dimethachlor, dimethenamide, dimethenamide-P, metazachlor, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, petoxamid, pretilachlor, propachlor, propisochlor, and thenylchlor; oxyacetanilides such as flufenacet and mefenacet; acetanilides such as acetamidochlor, acetamidochlor, acetamidochlor, acetamidochlor, acetamidochlor; Nilides such as diphenamid, naproanilide, napropamide, and napropamide-M, tetrazolinones such as fentrazamide, and other herbicides such as anilofos, cafenstrole, fenoxasulfone, ipfencarbazone, piperophos, pyroxasulfone, dimesulfazet, and compounds of formula II.1, II.2, II.3, II.4, II.5, II.6, II.7, II.8, and II.9 [ka] and isoxazoline compounds of the formula: Isoxazoline compounds of formula (II) are known in the art, for example from WO 2006 / 024820, WO 2006 / 037945, WO 2007 / 071900 and WO 2007 / 096576; Among the VLCFA inhibitors, chloroacetamide and pyroxasulfone are preferred.

[0103] Suitable herbicidal compounds of group (m) include, for example, chlorthiamid, dichlobenil, flupoxam, indaziflam, isoxaben, triaziflam, and 1-cyclohexyl-5-pentafluorophenyloxy-14-[1,2,4,6]thiatriazin-3-ylamine (CAS 175899-01-1).

[0104] Suitable herbicidal compounds of group (n) include, for example, dinoseb, dinoterb, and DNOC and its salts.

[0105] Suitable herbicides of group (o) other herbicides are bromobutide, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl, cinmethylin, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate and its salts and esters, dazomet, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-methylsulfate, dimethipin, DSMA, dymron, endothal and its salts, etobenzanide, flamprop, flamprop-isopropyl, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl methylpropional, flamprop-M-methyl, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, flurprimidol, phosamine, phosamine-ammonium, indanofan, maleic hydrazide, mefluidide, metam, methiozoline, methyl azide, methyl bromide, methyl-dymron, methyl iodide, MSMA, oleic acid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid, pyributicarb, quinoclamine, tetflupyrolimet, tridiphane, 6-chloro-3-(2-cyclopropyl-6-methylphenoxy)-4-pyridazinol (CAS 499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, 6-chloro-4-(2,7-dimethyl-1-naphthyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one (CAS 2414510-21-5) (HST inhibitor; FMC).

[0106] In a particular group (1) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is selected from the herbicidal compounds of group (a), particularly selected from the group consisting of glufosinate, glufosinate salts, and combinations thereof. In a particular group (1) of this embodiment, the herbicide of group (a) is the only herbicide.

[0107] In one subgroup (1.1) of group (1) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is selected from the racemic mixture of glufosinate described above, wherein the glufosinate contains about 50% by weight of the L-enantiomer and about 50% by weight of the D-enantiomer. In another subgroup (1.2) of group (1) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is glufosinate, and at least 70% by weight of the glufosinate is L-glufosinate or a salt thereof, in particular L-glufosinate ammonium.

[0108] In a particular group (2) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is selected from a combination of a herbicidal compound of group (a) and at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from the herbicidal compounds of any one of groups (b) to (o), with herbicides of groups (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (i), (l), (m), and (o) being particularly preferred.

[0109] In a particular subgroup (2.b) of group (2) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is selected from a combination of a herbicidal compound of group (a) and at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from the herbicidal compounds of group (b). In this subgroup (2.b), the herbicide (b) is in particular glyphosate or a salt thereof.

[0110] In a particular subgroup (2.c) of embodiment group (2), the herbicidal compound is selected from a combination of a herbicidal compound of group (a) and at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from group (c) of herbicidal compounds. In this subgroup (2.c), the herbicides (c) are particularly selected from imidazolinones. Particularly preferred herbicides (c) are imazamox, imazapyr, imazethapyr, imazapic, and salts thereof.

[0111] In a particular subgroup (2.d) of group (2) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is selected from a combination of a herbicidal compound of group (a) and at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from group (d) of herbicidal compounds. This subgroup (2.In d), the herbicide (d) is in particular saflufenacil, trifludimoxadine, thiafenacil, sulfentrazone, flumioxazin, epirifenacil, 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158274-96-3), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-50-9), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]acetic acid methyl ester (CAS 2158275-73-9), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]acetic acid ethyl ester (CAS 2158274-56-5), 2-[2-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158274-53-2), 2-[[3-[[3-chloro-6-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-5-fluoro-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-2-pyridinyl]oxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-acetamide (CAS 2158276-22-1), 3-[2-chloro-5-[3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1(2H)-pyrimidinyl]-4-fluorophenyl]-4,5-dihydro-5-methyl-5-isoxazolecarboxylic acid ethyl ester (CAS 1949837-17-5), and mixtures thereof.

[0112] In a particular subgroup (2.e) of embodiment group (2), the herbicidal compound is selected from a combination of the herbicidal compounds of group (a) and at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from group (e) of herbicidal compounds. In this subgroup (2.e), the herbicide (e) is selected, in particular, from the group consisting of dicamba and its salts, such as dicamba diethanolamine salt, dicamba ethanolamine salt, dicamba N,N-bis-(3-aminopropyl)methylamine salt (dicamba BAPMA salt), and dicamba potassium salt, quinclorac and its salts, such as quinclorac-dimethylammonium, halaxifen, halaxifen-methyl, florpilaxifen, florpilaxifen-benzyl (CAS 1390661-72-9), 2,4-D and its salts or esters, such as the choline salt, and mixtures thereof.

[0113] In a particular subgroup (2.f) of group (2) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is selected from a combination of a herbicidal compound of group (a) and at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from group (f) of herbicidal compounds. In this subgroup (2.f), the herbicide (f) is selected, in particular, from the group consisting of diuron, fluometuron, thidiazuron, metribuzin, atrazine, prometryn, and mixtures thereof.

[0114] In a particular subgroup (2.g) of group (2) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is selected from the combination of a herbicidal compound of group (a) and at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from group (g) of herbicidal compounds. In this subgroup (2.g), the herbicide (g) is in particular clethodim.

[0115] In a particular subgroup (2.i) of group (2) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is selected from a combination of a herbicidal compound of group (a) and at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from group (i) of herbicidal compounds. In this subgroup (2.i), the herbicides (i) are selected, in particular, from diflufenican, picolinafen, bicyclopyrone, clomazone, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, tembotrione, tolpyralate, topramezone, bixlozone, and mixtures thereof.

[0116] In a particular subgroup (2.1) of group (2) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is selected from the combination of the herbicidal compounds of group (a) with at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from group (1) of herbicidal compounds. In this subgroup (2.1), the herbicides (1) are selected in particular from acetochlor, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P, metazachlor, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, petoxamid, pyroxasulfone, and mixtures thereof.

[0117] In a particular subgroup (2.m) of group (2) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is selected from the combination of a herbicidal compound of group (a) with at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from group (m) of herbicidal compounds. In this subgroup (2.m), the herbicide (m) is in particular selected from indaziflam, triaziflam, and mixtures thereof.

[0118] In a particular subgroup (2.o) of group (2) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is selected from a combination of a herbicidal compound of group (a) and at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from group (o) of herbicidal compounds. In this subgroup (2.o), the herbicide (o) is selected in particular from cinmethylin, tetflupyrolimet, and mixtures thereof.

[0119] In group (2) of embodiments and subgroups (2.b) to (2.o) of embodiments, the herbicide of group (a) is in particular selected from the group consisting of glufosinate, glufosinate salts, and combinations thereof.

[0120] In one subgroup (2.1) of group (2) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is more specifically selected from the racemic mixture of glufosinate described above, wherein the glufosinate contains about 50% by weight of the L-enantiomer and about 50% by weight of the D-enantiomer. In another subgroup (2.2) of group (2) of embodiments, the herbicidal compound is glufosinate, and at least 70% by weight of the glufosinate is L-glufosinate or a salt thereof, in particular L-glufosinate ammonium.

[0121] In groups of embodiments (1) and (2), and subgroups of embodiments (1.1), (1.2), (2.b), (2.c), (2.d), (2.e), (2.f), (2.g), (2.i), (2.l), (2.m), and (2.o), the herbicidal compound (a) is in particular a sodium salt, a potassium salt, or ammonium (NH4) salt of glufosinate and L-glufosinate. + ) salts, in particular glufosinate ammonium and L-glufosinate ammonium.

[0122] In group (2) of embodiments, the relative weight ratio of herbicidal compound (a) to the additional herbicide is preferably in the range of 1:10 to 1000:1, in particular in the range of 1:5 to 500:1, more preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:250.

[0123] In the methods and uses of the present invention, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and one or more herbicidal compounds may be combined in a single formulation or may be used as separate formulations.

[0124] Herbicidal formulations containing at least one alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and at least one herbicidal compound as defined herein, in particular a herbicidal compound of herbicide groups (a) to (o), are novel and therefore a further aspect of the present invention.

[0125] In the formulations of the present invention, the variable M of formula (I) + Any statements regarding preferred meanings of and n and combinations thereof apply analogously as given above.

[0126] The preferences indicated above for the herbicide also apply to the formulation. In particular, the formulation of the present invention contains at least one alkyl ether sulfate salt of formula (I) and at least one herbicidal compound according to embodiment group (1) or (2). More specifically, the formulation of the present invention contains at least one herbicidal compound of group (a), in particular selected from glufosinate and its salts, and optionally at least one additional herbicide selected from the herbicides of groups (b) to (o) defined above.

[0127] In particular, the herbicidal compounds of group (a) of the herbicidal formulations of the present invention are sodium salts, potassium salts, and ammonium salts (NH4 + ) salts.

[0128] In particular, the herbicidal compounds of group (a) of the herbicidal formulations of the present invention are, in particular, sodium salts, potassium salts, and ammonium (NH + ) salts.

[0129] According to a particular group of embodiments, the herbicidal compound of group (a), in particular selected from glufosinate and its salts, is the only herbicide contained in the formulation.

[0130] According to another particular group of embodiments, the formulation contains a herbicidal compound of group (a) selected in particular from glufosinate and its salts, and at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from groups (b) to (o) of herbicidal compounds as defined above.

[0131] Furthermore, the herbicidal formulation of the present invention or the aqueous spray solution of the present invention may contain water and an organic solvent as described above. Examples of suitable organic solvents are as described above. The concentrations of water and the organic solvent are also as described above.

[0132] In the herbicidal formulations, the weight ratio of alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) to herbicidal compound is preferably in the range of 1:10 to 10:1, in particular in the range of 1:5 to 7:1, especially in the range of 1:1 to 6:1.

[0133] In the formulation of the present invention, the concentration of the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) is usually in the range of 5 to 60% by weight, particularly in the range of 10 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation.

[0134] In the formulation of the present invention, the concentration of the herbicidal compound is usually in the range of 1 to 60% by weight, particularly in the range of 5 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation.

[0135] In addition to the alkyl ether sulfate salt of formula (I) and the herbicidal compound or mixture of herbicidal compounds, the formulations of the present invention may contain conventional formulation aids including solvents, liquid carriers, solid carriers or fillers, surfactants, dispersants, emulsifiers, wetting agents, adjuvants, solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, adhesives, thickeners, humectants, antifreeze agents, antifoaming agents, colorants, crystal growth inhibitors, tackifiers, and binders.

[0136] Suitable surfactants include, but are not limited to, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and ammonium salts of aromatic sulfonic acids and fatty acids, such as lignin-, phenol-, naphthalene-, and dibutylnaphthalene sulfonic acids, alkyl- and alkylaryl sulfonates, alkyl-, lauryl ether, and fatty alcohol sulfates, and salts of sulfated hexa-, heptadecanol, and fatty alcohol glycol ethers, condensation products of sulfonated naphthalene and its derivatives with formaldehyde, naphthalene and naphthalene sulfonic acids with phenols and and formaldehyde condensation products, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, ethoxylated isooctyl, octyl, or nonylphenol, alkylphenyl, tributylphenyl polyglycol ethers, alkylaryl polyether alcohols, isotridecyl alcohol, fatty alcohol ethylene oxide condensates, ethoxylated castor oil, polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, lauryl alcohol polyglycol ether acetate, sorbitol esters, lignosulfite waste liquor, or methylcellulose.

[0137] Suitable solvents and liquid carriers include water and organic solvents. Suitable organic solvents include aliphatic hydrocarbons, preferably aliphatic C5-C 16 Hydrocarbons, preferably C5-C 16 Alkanes or C5-C 16 Cycloalkanes, such as pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, or petroleum ether; aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably aromatic C-C 10 Hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene, o-, m-, and p-xylene; halogenated hydrocarbons, preferably halogenated aliphatic C1-C6 alkanes, or halogenated aromatic C6-C 10 Hydrocarbons such as CH2Cl2, CHCl3, CCl4, CH2ClCH2Cl, CCl3CH3, CHCl2CH2Cl, CCl2CCl2, or chlorobenzene; ethers, preferably C1-C6 cycloalkyl ethers, C1-C6 alkyl-C1-C6 alkyl ethers, and C1-C6 alkyl-C6-C 10Aryl ethers, such as CH3CH2OCH2CH3, (CH3)2CHOCH(CH3)2, CH3OC(CH3)3(MTBE), CH3OCH3(DME), CH3OCH2CH2OCH3, dioxane, anisole, and tetrahydrofuran (THF); esters, preferably esters of aliphatic C1-C6 alcohols and aliphatic C1-C6 carboxylic acids, aromatic C6-C6 10 Alcohols and aromatic C6-C 10Esters with carboxylic acids, cyclic esters of ω-hydroxy-C1 to C6 carboxylic acids, such as H3C(O)OCH2CH3, CH3C(O)OCH3, CH3C(O)OCH2CH2CH2CH3, CH3C(O)OCH(CH3)CH2CH3, CH3C(O)OC(CH3), CH3CH2CH2C(O)OCH2CH3, CH3CH(OH)C(O)OCH2CH3, CH3CH(OH)C(O)OCH3, CH3C(O)OCH2CH( CH3)2, CH3C(O)OCH(CH3)2, CH3CH2C(O)OCH3, benzyl benzoate, and γ-butyrolactone; carbonates, such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, CH3CH2OC(O)OCH2CH3, and CH3OC(O)OCH3; nitriles, preferably C1-C6 nitriles, such as CH3CN and CH3CH2CN; ketones, preferably C1-C6 alkyl-C1-C6 alkyl ketones, such as alcohols, preferably C1-C4 alcohols, such as CH3OH, CH3CH2OH, CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3CH(OH)CH3, CH3(CH2)3OH, C(CH3)3OH, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether (1- methoxy-2-propanol; amide and urea derivatives, preferably dimethylformamide (DMF), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylacetamide (DMA), 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI), 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone (DMPU), hexamethylphosphamide (HMPA); furthermore, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and sulfolane. Preferred solvents are propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether, more preferably propylene glycol and dipropylene glycol.

[0138] Solid carriers are mineral earths such as silica, silica gel, silicates, talc, kaolin, limestone, lime, chalk, boule, loess, clay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, ground plastics, fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, urea, and products of plant origin such as grain meal, bark meal, wood flour, and nut meal, cellulose powder, or other solid carriers.

[0139] Suitable surfactants are surface-active compounds such as anionic, cationic, nonionic, and amphoteric surfactants, block polymers, polyelectrolytes, and mixtures thereof, other than the alkyl ether sulfate salts of formula (I). Such surfactants can be used as emulsifiers, dispersants, solubilizers, wetting agents, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, or adjuvants. Examples of surfactants are listed in McCutcheon's, Vol. 1: Emulsifiers & Detergents, McCutcheon's Directories, Glen Rock, USA, 2008 (International Edition or North American Edition).

[0140] Suitable anionic surfactants are alkali, alkaline earth, or ammonium salts of sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates, carboxylates, and mixtures thereof. Examples of sulfonates include alkylarylsulfonates, diphenylsulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, lignin sulfonates, sulfonates of fatty acids and oils, sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols, sulfonates of alkoxylated arylphenols, sulfonates of condensed naphthalenes, sulfonates of dodecyl and tridecylbenzenes, sulfonates of naphthalene and alkylnaphthalenes, sulfosuccinates, or sulfosuccinamates. Examples of sulfates include sulfates of fatty acids and oils, ethoxylated alkylphenols, alcohols, ethoxylated alcohols other than those of formula (I), or fatty acid esters. Examples of phosphates include phosphate esters. Examples of carboxylates include alkyl carboxylates and carboxylated alcohols or alkylphenol ethoxylates.

[0141] Suitable nonionic surfactants include alkoxylates, N-substituted fatty acid amides, amine oxides, esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymeric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Examples of alkoxylates include compounds such as alcohols, alkylphenols, amines, amides, arylphenols, fatty acids, or fatty acid esters, alkoxylated with 1 to 50 equivalents. Ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, can be used for alkoxylation. Examples of N-substituted fatty acid amides include fatty acid glucamides or fatty acid alkanolamides. Examples of esters include fatty acid esters, glycerol esters, or monoglycerides. Examples of sugar-based surfactants include sorbitan, ethoxylated sorbitan, sucrose and glucose esters, or alkyl polyglucosides. Examples of polymeric surfactants include homopolymers or copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl alcohol, or vinyl acetate.

[0142] Suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary surfactants, such as quaternary ammonium compounds with one or two hydrophobic groups, or salts of long-chain primary amines. Suitable amphoteric surfactants are alkylbetaines and imidazolines. Suitable block polymers are AB or ABA type block polymers containing polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide blocks, or ABC type block polymers containing alkanol, polyethylene oxide, and polypropylene oxide. Suitable polyelectrolytes are polyacids or polybasics. Examples of polyacids include alkali salts of polyacrylic acid or polyacid comb polymers. Examples of polybasics include polyvinylamine or polyethyleneamine.

[0143] Suitable thickeners include polysaccharides (e.g., xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose), anorganic clays (organically modified or unmodified), polycarboxylates, and silicates. Suitable bactericides include bronopol and isothiazolinone derivatives, such as alkylisothiazolinone and benzisothiazolinone. Suitable antifreeze agents include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea, and glycerin. Suitable antifoaming agents include silicones, long-chain alcohols, and salts of fatty acids. Suitable colorants (e.g., red, blue, or green) include low-water-soluble pigments and water-soluble dyes. Examples include inorganic colorants (e.g., iron oxide, titanium oxide, hexacyanoferrate) and organic colorants (e.g., alizarin, azo, and phthalocyanine colorants). Suitable tackifiers or binders include polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylates, biologically derived or synthetic waxes, and cellulose ethers.

[0144] The formulations of the invention can be prepared in a known manner, for example as described in Mollet and Grubemann, Formulation technology, Wiley VCH, Weinheim, 2001; or Knowles, New developments in crop protection product formulation, Agrow Reports DS243, T&F Informa, London, 2005.

[0145] The formulation type of the formulation of the present invention is not particularly important and depends on the herbicidal compound in a known manner.Basically, the formulation containing the herbicidal compound and the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) can be easily diluted with water.Suitable formulations of herbicidal active ingredients include, but are not limited to, water-soluble concentrates (SL or LS formulations), dispersible concentrates (DC formulations), emulsifiable concentrates (EC formulations), emulsions (EW, EO or ES formulations), suspension concentrates (SC, OD or FS formulations), which may be water-based or oil-based, microemulsions (ME formulations), microcapsule formulations (CS formulations), wettable powders or wettable dusts (for example, WP, SP, WS, DP, DS), wettable granules (for example, WG, SG, GR, FG, GG, MG) etc. These and further composition types are defined in "Catalogue of pesticide formulation types and international coding system", Technical Monograph No. 2, 6th Ed. May 2008, CropLife International.

[0146] Preferably, the herbicidal formulation of the present invention is a liquid formulation, particularly a soluble liquid (SL) formulation. When the formulation of the present invention contains a herbicide of group (a), it is particularly an aqueous solution or soluble liquid of the respective herbicide (a) and the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I). In particular, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) contained in the formulation of the present invention is 2-propylheptyl ether ammonium sulfate or isodecyl ether ammonium sulfate, and M + is H 4-m NR 1 m + and R 1 is as defined above, in particular is selected from the group consisting of unbranched or branched alkyl radicals, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably OH-substituted alkyl radicals having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as CH2CH2OH and CH2CH(OH)CH3, m is an integer in the range 1 to 4, in particular 1, 2 or 3, the variable n is preferably in the range 1 to 5, in particular in the range 1 to 3, in particular n is 2, and the average of n is preferably in the range 1.1 to 5.0, in particular in the range 1.5 to 4.5, in particular in the range 1.7 to 3.5.

[0147] The herbicidal formulation of the present invention may be an aqueous suspension concentrate (SC). In such a suspension concentrate, the active substance is present in the form of finely divided particles, i.e., the active substance is present as particles suspended in an aqueous phase. The diameter of the active substance particles usually does not exceed 50 μm. In particular, at least 90% by weight of the active substance particles have a diameter of less than 30 μm, in particular less than 20 μm. Advantageously, at least 40% by weight, in particular at least 60% by weight, of the particles in the SC according to the present invention have a diameter of less than 5 μm.

[0148] The SC formulations of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as SC) contain the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and one or more herbicidal compounds, particularly glufosinate or a salt thereof.

[0149] Preferably, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) contained in the SC is 2-propylheptyl ether ammonium sulfate or isodecyl ether ammonium sulfate, and M + is H 4-m NR 1 m + and R 1 is as defined above, in particular is selected from the group consisting of unbranched or branched alkyl radicals, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably OH-substituted alkyl radicals having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as CH2CH2OH and CH2CH(OH)CH3, m is an integer in the range 1 to 4, in particular 1, 2 or 3, the variable n is preferably in the range 1 to 5, in particular in the range 1 to 3, in particular n is 2, and the average of n is preferably in the range 1.1 to 5.0, in particular in the range 1.5 to 4.5, in particular in the range 1.7 to 3.5.

[0150] The amount of active substance in such a SC, i.e. the total amount of one or more herbicidal compounds, in particular at least one herbicidal compound of groups (a) to (o), preferably a herbicidal compound of group (a) (in particular a compound selected from glufosinate and its salts), and, where appropriate, a further active substance selected from groups (b) to (o) of herbicidal compounds as defined above, is usually in the range of 5 to 60% by weight, in particular in the range of 10 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension concentrate.

[0151] The amount of alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) in such SCs is typically in the range of 1 to 50% by weight, especially in the range of 5 to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension concentrate.

[0152] In addition to the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I), the aqueous suspension concentrate may comprise surface-active substances other than those of formula (I) and, where appropriate, one or more auxiliaries, such as antifoaming agents, thickeners, antifreeze agents, stabilizers (biocides), pH adjusters, and anticaking agents.

[0153] Suitable surfactants other than those of formula (I) are preferably anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants. Suitable surfactants other than those of formula (I) are protective colloids. As a rule, the amount of surfactants other than those of formula (I) is 0 to 30% by weight, in particular 0 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous SC according to the present invention. When surfactants other than those of formula (I) comprise at least one anionic surfactant other than those of formula (I) and at least one nonionic surfactant, the weight ratio of the anionic surfactant to the nonionic surfactant is typically in the range of 10:1 to 1:10.

[0154] Examples of anionic surface-active substances (surfactants) other than those of formula (I) include alkylarylsulfonates, phenylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl ether sulfates other than those of formula (I), alkylaryl ether sulfates, alkyl polyglycol ether phosphates, polyarylphenyl ether phosphates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, olefin sulfonates, paraffin sulfonates, petroleum sulfonates, taurides, sarcosides, fatty acids, alkylnaphthalenesulfonates, naphthalenesulfonates, lignosulfonates, sulfonated naphthates, Examples of suitable anionic surfactants include condensates of naphthalene with formaldehyde, condensates of sulfonated naphthalene with formaldehyde, phenol, and, where appropriate, urea, condensates of phenolsulfonic acid, formaldehyde, and urea, lignin sulfite waste liquor, lignosulfonates, alkyl phosphates, alkylaryl phosphates, such as tristyryl phosphate, and polycarboxylates, such as polyacrylates, maleic anhydride / olefin copolymers (e.g., Sokalan® CP9, BASF), as well as the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, and amine salts of the above-mentioned substances. Preferred anionic surfactants other than those of formula (I) are those containing at least one sulfonic acid group, particularly the alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof.

[0155] Examples of nonionic surfactants include alkylphenol alkoxylates, alcohol alkoxylates, fatty amine alkoxylates, polyoxyethylene glycerol fatty acid esters, castor oil alkoxylates, fatty acid alkoxylates, fatty acid amide alkoxylates, fatty acid polydiethanolamides, lanolin ethoxylates, fatty acid polyglycol esters, isotridecyl alcohol, fatty acid amides, methylcellulose, fatty acid esters, alkyl polyglycosides, glycerol fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol / polypropylene glycol block copolymers, polyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, polypropylene glycol alkyl ethers, polyethylene glycol / polypropylene glycol ether block copolymers (polyethylene oxide / polypropylene oxide block copolymers), and mixtures thereof. Preferred nonionic surfactants are fatty alcohol ethoxylates, alkyl polyglycosides, glycerol fatty acid esters, castor oil alkoxylates, fatty acid alkoxylates, fatty acid amide alkoxylates, lanolin ethoxylates, fatty acid polyglycol esters, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block copolymers, and mixtures thereof.

[0156] Protective colloids are typically water-soluble amphiphilic polymers, examples of which include proteins and modified proteins (such as casein), polysaccharides (water-soluble starch and cellulose derivatives, especially hydrophobically modified starch and cellulose), as well as polycarboxylates (polyacrylic acid and acrylic acid copolymers), polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone copolymers, polyvinylamine, polyethyleneimine, and polyalkylene ethers.

[0157] Viscosity modifiers (thickeners) suitable for the aqueous SC according to the present invention are, in particular, compounds that impart modified flow behavior to the formulation, for example, a high viscosity in a static state and a low viscosity in a dynamic state. Suitable compounds are, in principle, all those used for this purpose in suspension concentrates. Examples of suitable substances include inorganic substances such as layered silicates and organically modified layered silicates, such as bentonite or attapulgite (e.g., Attaclay® from Engelhardt), and organic substances such as polysaccharides and heteropolysaccharides, such as Xanthan Gum® (Kelzan® from Kelco), Rhodopol® 23 (Rhone Poulenc), or Veegum® (RT Vanderbilt), with Xanthan-Gum® being preferred. The amount of viscosity modifier additive is often 0 to 7% by weight, based on the total weight of the SC.

[0158] Suitable antifoaming agents for the aqueous SC according to the invention are, for example, silicone emulsions known for this purpose (Silicono® SRE from Wacker or Rhodorsil® from Rhodia), long-chain alcohols, fatty acids and their salts, aqueous wax-dispersed antifoaming agents, solid antifoaming agents (also known as compounds), organofluorine compounds, and mixtures thereof. The amount of antifoaming agent is typically 0 to 1.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the SC.

[0159] Preservatives can also be added to the suspension concentrates according to the invention in order to stabilize them. Suitable preservatives are, for example, those based on isothiazolones, such as Proxel® from ICI, Acticide® RS from Thor Chemie, or Kathon® MK from Rohm & Haas. The amount of preservative is typically 0-0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the SC.

[0160] Suitable antifreeze agents are liquid polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or glycerol, and urea. The amount of antifreeze agent is usually 0 to 20% by weight, in particular 5 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous suspension concentrate.

[0161] Where appropriate, the aqueous SC according to the invention may contain a buffering agent to adjust the pH. Examples of buffering agents are alkali metal salts of weak inorganic or organic acids such as phosphoric acid, boric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, and succinic acid.

[0162] The herbicidal formulation of the present invention may be an oil suspension (OD). In such an oil suspension, the active substance is present in the form of fine particles, i.e., the active substance is present as particles dispersed in the oil phase. The diameter of the active substance particles usually does not exceed 50 μm. In particular, at least 90% by weight of the active substance particles have a diameter of less than 30 μm, in particular less than 20 μm. It is advantageous for at least 40% by weight, in particular at least 60% by weight, of the particles in the OD according to the present invention to have a diameter of less than 10 μm.

[0163] The OD formulations of the present invention (hereinafter OD) contain the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and one or more herbicidal compounds, particularly glufosinate or a salt thereof.

[0164] Preferably, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) contained in OD is 2-propylheptyl ether ammonium sulfate or isodecyl ether ammonium sulfate, and M + is H 4-m NR 1 m + and R 1is as defined above, in particular is selected from the group consisting of unbranched or branched alkyl radicals, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably OH-substituted alkyl radicals having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as CH2CH2OH and CH2CH(OH)CH3, m is an integer in the range 1 to 4, in particular 1, 2 or 3, the variable n is preferably in the range 1 to 5, in particular in the range 1 to 3, in particular n is 2, and the average of n is preferably in the range 1.1 to 5.0, in particular in the range 1.5 to 4.5, in particular in the range 1.7 to 3.5.

[0165] The amount of active substance in such an OD, i.e. the total amount of one or more herbicidal compounds, in particular at least one herbicidal compound of groups (a) to (o), preferably a herbicidal compound of group (a) (in particular a compound selected from glufosinate and its salts), and, where appropriate, a further active substance selected from groups (b) to (o) of herbicidal compounds as defined above, is usually in the range of 5 to 60% by weight, in particular in the range of 10 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the oil suspension.

[0166] The amount of alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) in such an OD is usually in the range of 1 to 45% by weight, in particular in the range of 5 to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the oil suspension.

[0167] In addition to the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I), the oily suspension may contain surface-active substances other than those of formula (I) and, where appropriate, one or more auxiliaries, such as antifoaming agents, thickeners, stabilizers (biocides), pH adjusters, and anti-caking agents.

[0168] Suitable surfactants other than those of formula (I) are preferably the anionic and nonionic surfactants mentioned above. As a rule, the amount of surfactants other than those of formula (I) is 0 to 30% by weight, in particular 0 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the OD according to the invention. When surfactants other than those of formula (I) comprise at least one anionic surfactant other than those of formula (I) and at least one nonionic surfactant, the weight ratio of anionic surfactant to nonionic surfactant is typically in the range of 10:1 to 1:10.

[0169] Herbicidal formulations according to the invention may be physical mixtures of at least one alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) as defined herein and at least one herbicidal compound. However, the formulations may also be any desired combination of alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and at least one herbicidal compound, provided that the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and the herbicidal compound are not combined together.

[0170] An example of a herbicidal formulation according to the present invention is a two-component kit in which at least one alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and at least one herbicidal compound are not formulated together. Thus, the present invention also provides a two-component kit comprising a first component comprising an alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and a second component comprising at least one herbicidal compound, a liquid or solid carrier, and optionally at least one surfactant and / or at least one conventional adjuvant.

[0171] In the method of the present invention, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and at least one herbicidal compound are applied to undesirable plants or their habitat. The order in which the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I), the herbicidal compound, and, if present, additional herbicides are applied is not particularly important. The only requirement is that the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and the herbicidal compound be simultaneously present at the site of action, i.e., be simultaneously in contact with or absorbed by the plants to be controlled.

[0172] As mentioned above, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and at least one herbicide can be formulated together or separately. In the latter case, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and at least one herbicide are typically applied as an aqueous spray. Thus, the present invention provides i. at least one alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) as defined herein; ii. at least one herbicidal compound as defined herein; The present invention also relates to an aqueous spray solution containing

[0173] For this purpose, the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and the herbicide or a suitable formulation thereof are typically mixed with the application water (make-up water) before applying the combination, i.e., the herbicide and the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) are mixed in a tank.

[0174] The concentration of the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) in the spray solution depends on the application rate, which is + =H), it is typically in the range of 10 g / ha to 2 kg / ha, particularly in the range of 20 g / ha to 1.5 kg / ha, and particularly in the range of 25 g / ha to 1.2 kg / ha. The concentration of the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) in the aqueous spray solution is calculated based on the free acid (M + =H), is in the range of 10 to 150,000 ppm, particularly in the range of 10 to 100,000 ppm, and particularly in the range of 10 to 50,000 ppm, based on the total weight of the aqueous spray solution. The concentration of the herbicidal compound in the aqueous spray solution depends on the application rate, and is typically in the range of 10 g / ha to 1.2 kg / ha, particularly in the range of 20 g / ha to 1.0 kg / ha, and particularly in the range of 25 g / ha to 0.8 kg / ha, calculated as active herbicidal compound.

[0175] The amount of water applied per hectare usually ranges from 50 to 1000 l / ha.

[0176] The aqueous spray solution can have any pH value acceptable for agricultural purposes, preferably in the range of 4 to 9, particularly in the range of 5 to 8, and especially in the range of 5.5 to 7.5, determined at 25°C.

[0177] In addition to water, the alkyl ether sulfate salt of formula (I), and the herbicide (including the herbicide active ingredient and optional formulation auxiliaries), the aqueous spray liquid may contain one or more additional agriculturally active ingredients. The additional agriculturally active ingredients may be selected from fungicides, insecticides, nematicides, safeners, fertilizers, micronutrients, biopesticides, nitrification inhibitors, urease inhibitors, and / or growth regulators. The combination of a herbicide and a safener may be particularly useful. Suitable safeners include (quinoline-8-oxy)acetic acid, 1-phenyl-5-haloalkyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid, 1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-5-alkyl-1H-pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid, 4,5-dihydro-5,5-diaryl-3-isoxazolecarboxylic acid, dichloroacetamide, α-oximinophenylacetonitrile, acetophenone oxime, 4,6-diha Examples of suitable aromatic hydrocarbons include 2-halo-2-phenylpyrimidine, N-[[4-(aminocarbonyl)phenyl]sulfonyl]-2-benzoic acid amide, 1,8-naphthalic anhydride, 2-halo-4-(haloalkyl)-5-thiazolecarboxylic acids, phosphorthiolates, and N-alkyl-O-phenylcarbamates, and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof, and agriculturally acceptable derivatives thereof, such as amides, esters, and thioesters, provided that they contain an acid group.

[0178] Aqueous spray solutions containing a herbicide and an alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) are used to control undesirable vegetation on crop and non-crop areas.

[0179] Aqueous spray solution can very effectively control undesirable vegetation in non-crop areas and in crops.Highly effective control in non-crop areas is achieved at high application rates.Depending on herbicidal active compounds, spray solution can effectively control broadleaf weeds and grass weeds in crops such as wheat, rice, corn, soybean and cotton without causing significant damage to crop plants.This effect is mainly observed at low application rates.

[0180] Sprays are generally applied to undesirable plants primarily by spraying the leaves. Herein, application can be carried out by conventional spraying techniques using a spray volume of about 10 to 1,000 l / ha. Application of the spray can occur before, during, and / or after emergence of the undesirable plants.

[0181] Preferably, in the herbicidal formulations or aqueous spray solutions according to the invention, the weight ratio of alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) to herbicidal compound is preferably in the range of 1:10 to 10:1, in particular in the range of 1:5 to 7:1, in particular in the range of 1:1 to 6:1.

[0182] Also preferably, the herbicidal compound of the herbicidal formulation or aqueous spray solution according to the invention is selected from at least one herbicidal compound of groups (a) to (o): (a) Herbicidal compounds of the group of glutamine synthetase inhibitors; (b) herbicidal compounds of the group of enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase inhibitors (EPSP inhibitors); (c) herbicidal compounds of the group of acetolactate synthase inhibitors (ALS inhibitors); (d) herbicidal compounds of the group of protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase inhibitors; (e) herbicidal compounds of the group of auxin herbicides and auxin transport inhibitors; (f) herbicidal compounds of the group of photosynthesis inhibitors; (g) herbicidal compounds from the group of lipid biosynthesis inhibitors (acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, ACCase inhibitors); (h) Lipid biosynthesis inhibitors other than ACCase inhibitors; (i) bleaching herbicides; (j) 7,8-dihydropteroate synthase inhibitors (DHP inhibitors); (k) mitotic inhibitors; (l) very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitors (VLCFA inhibitors); (m) cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors; (n) decoupler herbicide; (o) Bromobutide, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl, cinmethylin, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate and its salts and esters, dazomet, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-methylsulfate, dimethipine, DSMA, dymron, endothal and its salts, etobenzanide, flamprop, flamprop-isopropyl, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop- Other herbicides selected from the group consisting of M-methyl, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, fluprimidol, phosamine, phosamine-ammonium, indanofan, maleic hydrazide, mefluidide, metam, methiozolin, methyl azide, methyl bromide, methyl-dymron, methyl iodide, MSMA, oleic acid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid, pyributicarb, quinoclamine, tetflupyrolimet, tridiphane, 6-chloro-3-(2-cyclopropyl-6-methylphenoxy)-4-pyridazinol (CAS 499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, 6-chloro-4-(2,7-dimethyl-1-naphthyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one (CAS 2414510-21-5) (HST inhibitor; FMC).

[0183] More preferably, the herbicidal compound of the herbicidal formulation or aqueous spray solution according to the invention comprises a herbicidal compound of group (a), which is in particular selected from the group consisting of glufosinate, glufosinate salts, and combinations thereof.

[0184] In particular, the herbicidal compounds of group (a) of the herbicidal formulations or aqueous spray solutions according to the invention are sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of glufosinate (NH + ) salts.

[0185] In particular, the herbicidal compounds of group (a) of the herbicidal formulations or aqueous spray solutions according to the invention are in particular the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts of L-glufosinate (NH + ) salts.

[0186] According to a preferred group of embodiments of the herbicidal formulation or the aqueous spray solution of the present invention, the herbicidal formulation or the aqueous spray solution contains at least one additional herbicide. Examples of suitable additional herbicides are as described above. The concentration of the additional herbicide, the weight ratio of the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) to the additional herbicide, and the weight ratio of the herbicidal compound to the additional herbicide are also as described above. In this group of embodiments, the weight ratio is based on the total weight of the herbicidal formulation or the total weight of the aqueous spray solution. (b) Particularly preferably, the herbicidal compounds of the herbicidal formulations or aqueous spray solutions according to the invention comprise at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from groups (b) to (o): herbicidal compounds from the group of enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase inhibitors (EPSP inhibitors); (c) herbicidal compounds of the group of acetolactate synthase inhibitors (ALS inhibitors); (d) herbicidal compounds of the group of protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase inhibitors; (e) herbicidal compounds of the group of auxin herbicides and auxin transport inhibitors; (f) herbicidal compounds of the group of photosynthesis inhibitors; (g) herbicidal compounds from the group of lipid biosynthesis inhibitors (acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, ACCase inhibitors); (h) Lipid biosynthesis inhibitors other than ACCase inhibitors; (i) bleaching herbicides; (j) 7,8-dihydropteroate synthase inhibitors (DHP inhibitors); (k) mitotic inhibitors; (l) very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitors (VLCFA inhibitors); (m) cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors; (n) decoupler herbicide; (o) Bromobutide, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl, cinmethylin, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate and its salts and esters, dazomet, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-methylsulfate, dimethipine, DSMA, dymron, endothal and its salts, etobenzanide, flamprop, flamprop-isopropyl, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop- Other herbicides selected from the group consisting of M-methyl, flurenol, flurenol-butyl, fluprimidol, phosamine, phosamine-ammonium, indanofan, maleic hydrazide, mefluidide, metam, methiozolin, methyl azide, methyl bromide, methyl-dymron, methyl iodide, MSMA, oleic acid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid, pyributicarb, quinoclamine, tetflupyrolimet, tridiphane, 6-chloro-3-(2-cyclopropyl-6-methylphenoxy)-4-pyridazinol (CAS 499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, 6-chloro-4-(2,7-dimethyl-1-naphthyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one (CAS 2414510-21-5) (HST inhibitor; FMC).

[0187] The herbicidal formulations or aqueous spray solutions according to the invention can be used to control undesirable vegetation in crop and non-crop areas.

[0188] The herbicidal formulation or aqueous spray solution according to the present invention effectively controls undesirable plant growth on uncultivated surfaces, especially at high application rates.In the cultivation of wheat, rice, corn, soybean, cotton, etc., it is effective against weeds and harmful grasses without causing any significant damage to cultivated plants.This effect is mainly observed at low application rates.

[0189] Herbicidal formulations or aqueous spray solutions can very effectively control undesirable vegetation in non-crop areas and in crops.Highly effective control in non-crop areas is achieved at high application rates.Depending on herbicidal active compounds, spray solutions can effectively control broadleaf weeds and grass weeds in crops such as wheat, rice, corn, soybean and cotton without causing significant damage to crop plants.This effect is mainly observed at low application rates.

[0190] The spray solution is generally applied to undesirable plants by spraying mainly on the leaves. Herein, application can be carried out by conventional spraying techniques using a spray solution volume of about 10 to 1,000 l / ha. The spray solution can be applied before, during, and / or after, preferably during and / or after, the emergence of undesirable plants. When used for plant protection, the amount of glufosinate or a salt thereof without formulation auxiliaries is, depending on the type of effect desired, 10 g / ha to 2 kg / ha, particularly 20 g / ha to 1.5 kg / ha, and in particular 25 g / ha to 1.0 kg / ha, calculated as the active herbicidal compound.

[0191] Depending on the specific application method, the herbicidal formulation or aqueous spray solution according to the present invention can also be used on many other crop plants to eliminate undesired plants. For example, the following crops are considered: onion (Allium cepa), pineapple (Ananas comosus), peanut (Arachis hypogaea), asparagus (Asparagus officinalis), beet (Beta vulgaris spec. altissima), beet (Beta vulgaris spec. rapa), rapeseed variety (Brassica napus var. napus), rapeseed variety (Brassica napus var. napobrassica), rapeseed variety (Brassica rapa var.silvestris, tea plant (Camellia sinensis), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), Caryailli Boinensis, lemon (Citrus limon), orange (Citrus sinensis), Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica), (Coffea canephora, Coffea liberica), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), horsegrass (Cynodon dactylon), wild carrot (Daucus carota), oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca), soybean (Glycine max), upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), green cotton (Gossypium arboreum, Asiatic cotton (Gossypium herbaceum), Gossypium vitifolium), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), barley (Hordeum vulgare), hops (Humulus lupulus), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), oak walnut (Juglans regia), lentil (Lens culinaris), flax (Linum usitatissimum), tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum), apple (Malus spec.), cassava (Manihot esculenta), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), musa (Musa spec.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) (N. rustica), olive (Olea europaea), rice (Oryza sativa), lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Norway spruce (Picea abies), pine (Pinus spec.), pea (Pisum sativum), sweet cherry (Prunus avium), peach (Prunus persica), pear (Pyrus communis), Ribes sylvestre, castor bean (Ricinus communis), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), rye (Secale cereale), potato (Solanum tuberosum), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) (S. vulgare), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), red clover (Trifolium pratense), bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), durum wheat (Triticum durum), broad beans (Vicia faba), European grape (Vitis vinifera), and corn (Zea mays).

[0192] Furthermore, the herbicidal formulations or aqueous spray solutions can be used on crops that have become resistant to the effects of herbicides through cultivation involving genetic techniques.Furthermore, the herbicidal formulations or aqueous spray solutions according to the invention can be used on crops that have become resistant to insect or fungal attack through cultivation involving genetic techniques.

[0193] The term "crop" as used herein also includes (crop) plants that have been modified by mutagenesis or genetic engineering to provide the plant with new traits or to modify existing traits. Mutagenesis includes techniques of random mutagenesis using X-rays or mutagenic chemicals, but also techniques of targeted mutagenesis to generate mutations at specific loci in the plant genome. Targeted mutagenesis techniques often use oligonucleotides or proteins such as CRISPR / Cas, zinc finger nucleases, TALENs, or meganucleases to achieve targeted effects. Genetic engineering typically uses recombinant DNA technology to create modifications in the plant genome that are not readily obtainable in nature through breeding, mutagenesis, or natural recombination. Typically, one or more genes are integrated into the plant genome to add or improve traits. These integrated genes are also referred to in the art as transgenes, and plants containing such transgenes are called transgenic plants. Plant transformation methods typically result in several transformation events, each differing in the genomic locus at which the transgene is integrated. Plants containing a particular transgene at a particular genomic locus are usually described as containing a specific "event," which is referred to by a particular event name. Traits introduced or modified in plants include herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, high yield, and tolerance to abiotic conditions such as drought, among others.

[0194] Herbicide resistance can be produced not only through mutagenesis but also through genetic engineering. Plants that have been made tolerant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor herbicides through conventional methods of mutagenesis and breeding include plant varieties sold under the name Clearfield®. However, the majority of herbicide-tolerant traits are produced through the use of transgenes.

[0195] Herbicide tolerance has been engineered to glyphosate, glufosinate, 2,4-D, dicamba, oxynil herbicides such as bromoxynil and ioxynil, sulfonylurea herbicides, ALS inhibitor herbicides, and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors such as isoxaflutole and mesotrione.

[0196] Transgenes used to confer herbicide resistance include: glyphosate tolerance: cp4 epsps, epsps grg23ace5, mepsps, 2mepsps, gat4601, gat4621, and goxv247; glufosinate tolerance: pat and bar; 2,4-D tolerance: aad-1 and aad-12; dicamba tolerance: dmo; oxynil herbicide tolerance: bxn; sulfonylurea herbicide tolerance: zm-hra, csr1-2, gm-hra, S4-HrA; ALS inhibitor herbicide tolerance: csr1-2; and HPPD inhibitor herbicide tolerance: hppdPF, W336, and avhppd-03.

[0197] Transgenic corn events containing herbicide tolerance genes include, but are not limited to, DAS40278, MON801, MON802, MON809, MON810, MON832, MON87411, MON87419, MON87427, MON88017, MON89034, NK603, GA21, MZHG0JG, HCEM485, VCO-φ1981-5, 676, 678, 680, 33121, 4114, 59122, 98140, Bt10, Bt176, CBH-351, DBT418, DLL25, MS3, MS6, MZIR098, T25, TC1507, and TC6275.

[0198] Transgenic soybean events containing herbicide tolerance genes include, but are not limited to, GTS 40-3-2, MON87705, MON87708, MON87712, MON87769, MON89788, A2704-12, A2704-21, A5547-127, A5547-35, DP356043, DAS44406-6, DAS68416-4, DAS-81419-2, GU262, SYHTφH2, W62, W98, FG72, and CV127.

[0199] Transgenic cotton events containing herbicide resistance genes include, but are not limited to, 19-51a, 31707, 42317, 81910, 281-24-236, 3006-210-23, BXN10211, BXN10215, BXN10222, BXN10224, MON1445, MON1698, MON88701, MON88913, GHB119, GHB614, LLCotton25, T303-3, and T304-40.

[0200] Transgenic canola events containing herbicide tolerance genes include, but are not limited to, MON88302, HCR-1, HCN10, HCN28, HCN92, MS1, MS8, PHY14, PHY23, PHY35, PHY36, RF1, RF2 and RF3.

[0201] Insect resistance has primarily been achieved by introducing bacterial genes encoding insecticidal proteins into plants. The most commonly used transgenes are Bacillus species toxin genes, such as cry1A, cry1Ab, cry1Ab-Ac, cry1Ac, cry1A.105, cry1F, cry1Fa2, cry2Ab2, cry2Ae, mcry3A, ecry3.1Ab, cry3Bb1, cry34Ab1, cry35Ab1, cry9C, vip3A(a), and vip3Aa20, as well as their synthetic variants. However, plant-derived genes can also be introduced into other plants, particularly genes encoding protease inhibitors such as CpTI and pinII. Another approach involves using transgenes in plants to produce double-stranded RNA that targets and downregulates insect genes. An example of this type of transgene is dvsnf7.

[0202] Transgenic corn events containing genes for producing insecticidal proteins or double-stranded RNA include, but are not limited to, Bt10, Bt11, Bt176, MON801, MON802, MON809, MON810, MON863, MON87411, MON88017, MON89034, 33121, 4114, 5307, 59122, TC1507, TC6275, CBH-351, MIR162, DBT418, and MZIR098.

[0203] Transgenic soybean events containing genes for producing insecticidal proteins are, for example, but not exclusive of, MON87701, MON87751 and DAS-81419.

[0204] Transgenic cotton events containing genes for producing insecticidal proteins are, for example, but not exclusive of, SGK321, MON531, MON757, MON1076, MON15985, 31707, 31803, 31807, 31808, 42317, BNLA-601, Event1, COT67B, COT102, T303-3, T304-40, GFMCry1A, GK12, MLS9124, 281-24-236, 3006-210-23, GHB119 and SGK321.

[0205] Yield increases are achieved by increasing panicle biomass using the transgene athb17 present in corn event MON87403 or by improving photosynthesis using the transgene bbx32 present in soybean event MON87712.

[0206] Oil-modified crops have been produced using the transgenes gm-fad2-1, Pj.D6D, Nc.Fad3, fad2-1A, and fatb1-A. Soybean events containing at least one of these genes are: 260-05, MON87705, and MON87769.

[0207] Tolerance to abiotic conditions, particularly drought tolerance, has been conferred by using the transgene cspB contained in corn event MON87460 and by using the transgene Hahb-4 contained in soybean event IND-φφ41φ-5.

[0208] Trait combinations are often achieved by combining genes contained in transformation events or by combining different events during breeding. Preferred trait combinations are herbicide resistance to various groups of herbicides, insect resistance to various types of insects, particularly resistance to lepidopteran and coleopteran insects, herbicide resistance combined with one or more insect resistance types, herbicide tolerance combined with increased yield, and herbicide tolerance combined with tolerance to abiotic conditions.

[0209] Plants containing single or stacked traits, as well as the genes and events that confer these traits, are known in the art. For example, detailed information about mutated or integrated genes and events can be found on the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA) website (http: / / www.isaaa.org / gmapprovaldatabase) and the Center for Environmental Risk Assessment (CERA) website (http: / / cera-gmc.org / GMCropDatabase), as well as in patent applications such as EP 3028573 and WO 2017 / 011288.

[0210] By applying the spray solution of the present invention to crops, effects specific to the crop containing a specific gene or event can be obtained. These effects can include changes in growth behavior or changes in resistance to biotic or abiotic stress factors. Such effects can include, in particular, increased yield, increased resistance, or resistance to insect pathogens, nematode pathogens, fungal pathogens, bacterial pathogens, mycoplasma pathogens, viral pathogens, or viroid pathogens, as well as early vigor, early or delayed ripening, low or high temperature tolerance, and changes in the spectrum or content of amino acids or fatty acids.

[0211] Furthermore, plants whose ingredient content has been adjusted or new ingredients have been incorporated using recombinant DNA techniques, particularly to improve raw material production, are also included, such as potatoes with increased amylopectin production (e.g., Amflora® potatoes, BASF SE, Germany).

[0212] It has further been found that the combination of an alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) with a herbicide is also suitable for defoliating and / or desiccating parts of plants, particularly preferably cotton, in crop plants such as cotton, potato, rapeseed, sunflower, soybean or broad bean. In this connection, herbicidal compositions for desiccating and / or defoliating plants, processes for preparing these compositions and methods for desiccating and / or defoliating plants using the herbicidal compositions according to the invention have been found.

[0213] The herbicidal compositions according to the invention as desiccants are particularly suitable for drying the above-ground parts of crop plants such as potato, rapeseed, sunflower and soybean as well as cereals, thereby allowing complete mechanical harvesting of these important crop plants.

[0214] Also of economic interest is the promotion of yield, which can be achieved by concentrating within a certain time period the dehiscence or reduction of attachment to the tree of citrus fruit, olives, and other pome, stone, and nut species and varieties. The same mechanism, i.e., the promotion of the development of abscission layers between the fruit or leaves and shoots of the plant, is also essential for the control of defoliation in useful plants, particularly cotton.

[0215] Additionally, shortening the time it takes for individual cotton plants to mature improves the quality of the fiber after harvest.

[0216] The combination of alkyl ether sulfate salt of formula (I) and herbicide can be applied in or on permanently cultivated land or to permanent crops. Permanent crops are produced from plants that continue for several seasons, rather than being replanted after each harvest. Permanent crops are grown on permanently cultivated land in the form of agricultural land, including grassland and shrubland used for growing grapevines or coffee trees; orchards used for growing fruit or olives; and plantations used for growing nuts or rubber, for example. However, this does not include tree farms intended for use in wood or timber.

[0217] Preferred permanent cultivated lands in the context of the present invention are plantations, grasslands and shrublands. Preferably, the permanent crops in the context of the present invention are plantation crops, preferably selected from the group consisting of fruit crops and orchard crops (preferably fruit trees, citrus trees, mango trees, olive trees, grape vines, coffee trees, cocoa trees, tea plants and berries (such as strawberries, raspberries, blueberries and redcurrants)), Musaceae species crops (e.g. banana or plantain crops), nut trees (preferably almond trees, walnut trees, pistachio trees, pecan trees, hazelnut trees), oil palm trees, rubber trees, sugarcane and cotton.

[0218] More preferably, the perennial crop is a fruit tree (preferably a pome-like fruit tree or a stone fruit tree; preferred fruit trees are apple trees, pear trees, apricot trees, plum trees, cherry trees, peach trees), an olive tree, a grape vine, a coffee tree, a tea plant, a Musaceae sp. crop (preferably a banana or plantain crop), a nut tree (preferably an almond tree, a walnut tree, a pistachio tree, a pecan tree, a hazelnut tree), an oil palm tree, a rubber tree, or a citrus crop (preferably a lemon, orange, or grapefruit crop). More preferably, the permanent crop is selected from the group consisting of apple trees, pear trees, apricot trees, plum trees, cherry trees, peach trees, olive trees, grapevines, coffee trees, tea trees, banana crops, nut trees (preferably almond trees, walnut trees, pistachio trees), oil palm trees, rubber trees and citrus crops (preferably lemon, orange or grapefruit crops). Particularly preferably, the permanent crop is selected from the group consisting of apple trees, pear trees, apricot trees, plum trees, cherry trees, peach trees, olive trees, grapevines, coffee trees, tea trees, banana crops, almond trees, walnut trees, oil palm trees, rubber trees, lemon crops, orange crops and grapefruit crops.

[0219] The combination of alkyl ether sulfate salt of formula (I) and herbicide may also be applied to row crops and horticultural crops.

[0220] Row crops can be planted in rows wide enough to be tilled or otherwise cultivated with agricultural machinery (machinery tailored to the seasonal operation of row crops). Row crops are characterized by being planted and cultivated seasonally or annually. As such, these crops produce profitably in a relatively short and predictable time frame. Row crops are plants that continue to produce for multiple seasons rather than being replanted after each harvest. Examples of row crops include soybeans, corn, canola, cotton, cereals, or rice, as well as sunflowers, potatoes, dry beans, peas, flax, safflower, buckwheat, and sugar beets.

[0221] Horticultural crops should be understood to mean fruit, vegetables, or other garden or perennial plantation crops, such as trees, nuts, vines, (dried) fruits, ornamental plants, oil palms, bananas, rubber, etc., and horticultural and nursery crops, including floriculture, may also be included within the definition of horticultural crops. Vegetable crops include, for example, eggplant, beans, peppers, cabbage, chili peppers, cucumbers, eggplants, lettuce, melons, onions, potatoes, sweet potatoes, spinach, and tomatoes. Plants considered to be horticultural crops are generally cultivated intensively. When controlling weeds in vegetable crops, it may be desirable to protect the crop from contact with a spray containing the herbicide mixture of the present invention.

[0222] Generally, crops that can be treated with the alkyl ether sulfate salt of formula (I) in combination with a herbicide can be of conventional origin or herbicide-resistant crops, preferably resistant to at least one of glufosinate, glyphosate, and / or dicamba. The alkyl ether sulfate salt of formula (I) in combination with a herbicide also exhibits high herbicidal activity against selected crop plants, such as barley and soybean. This effect can be used to control crop plants grown in the previous crop planting in a crop rotation system. Typically, after harvesting the previous crop in a crop rotation cycle, the crop plant residue continues to grow mixed with the subsequent crop variety. This results in two types of crop plants from different crop rotation cycles competing for the same growing area, resulting in a decrease in yield. Therefore, the alkyl ether sulfate salt of formula (I) in combination with a herbicide can be applied to control the residual crop plants of the previous crop in the crop rotation cycle and ensure uniform coverage by the subsequent crop plants.

[0223] In a preferred embodiment, the combination of the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and the herbicide is applied once, twice, or three times per Gregorian year, i.e., once, twice, or three times per year according to the Gregorian calendar. In a preferred embodiment, the herbicide composition is applied twice per Gregorian year, i.e., twice per year according to the Gregorian calendar. In an alternative preferred embodiment, the combination of the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and the herbicide is applied once per Gregorian year, i.e., once per year according to the Gregorian calendar. In a preferred embodiment, the herbicide composition is applied once every 12 months, i.e., once every 12 months. In an alternative preferred embodiment, the combination of the alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and the herbicide is applied once to 10 times per Gregorian year, i.e., not more than 10 times per year according to the Gregorian calendar. This alternative, preferred method is particularly useful for perennial crops, especially those grown under tropical conditions, where weeds grow actively year-round and herbicide applications must be repeated as soon as the previous treatment has worn off and the weeds begin to grow again.

[0224] The present invention includes the use and method of application of a combination of an alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) and a herbicide to control undesirable vegetation in a crop in a burndown program, wherein the crop has been produced by genetic engineering or breeding and is tolerant to one or more herbicides and / or resistant to attack by pathogens such as phytopathogenic fungi and / or insects, preferably tolerant to glufosinate.

[0225] Glufosinate-tolerant crops are preferred, and glufosinate-tolerant crop plants are preferably selected from the group consisting of rice, canola, soybean, corn and cotton plants.

[0226] Transgenic maize events containing a glufosinate resistance gene include, for example, 5307×MIR604×Bt11×TC1507×GA21×MIR162 (event identifier: SYN-φ53φ7-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9×SYN-IR162-4, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Agrisure® Duracade™ 5222), 59122 (event identifier: DAS-59122-7, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Herculex™ RW), and 5307×MIR604×Bt11×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-φ53φ7-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Agrisure® Duracade™ 5122), 59122×NK603 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Herculex™ RW Roundup Ready™ 2), Bt10 (gene: pat, e.g., commercially available as Bt10), Bt11 (X4334CBR, X4734CBR) (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1, gene: pat, e.g., commercially available as Agrisure™ CB / LL), BT11×59122×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, e.g., Agrisure™ 312 2), Bt11×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Agrisure™ GT / CB / LL), Bt11×MIR162 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Agrisure™ Viptera™ 2100), Bt11×MIR162×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, asAgrisure® Viptera™ 3110), BT11×MIR162×MIR604 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Agrisure® Viptera™ 3100), Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN- IR6φ4-5×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Agrisure® Viptera® 3111, Agrisure® Viptera® 4), Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Agrisure® Viptera® 3220), Bt11×MIR604 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Agrisure™ CB / LL / RW), BT11×MIR604×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Agrisure™ 3000GT), Bt176(176) (event code: SYN-EV176-9, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as NaturGard KnockOut™, Maximizer™), CBH-351 (event code: ACS-ZMφφ4-3, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as Starlink™ Maize), DBT418 (event code: DKB-89614-9, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as Bt Xtra™ Maize), MON89034×TC1507×MON88017×59122 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Genuity® SmartStax™), MON89034×TC1507×NK603 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ6φ3-6,Gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Power Core™), NK603 x T25 (event code: MON-φφ6φ3-6 x ACS-ZMφφ3-2, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Roundup Ready™ Liberty Link™ Maize), T14 (event code: ACS-ZMφφ2-1, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ Maize), T25 (event code: ACS-ZMφφ3-2, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ Maize), T25 x MON810 (event code: ACS-ZMφφ3-2 x MON-φφ81φ-6, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ Yieldgard™ Maize), TC1507 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Herculex™ I, Herculex™ CB), TC1507×59122×MON810×MIR604×NK603 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON-φφ6φ3, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Optimum™ Intrasect Xtreme), TC1507×59122 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Herculex™ XTRA™), TC1507×59122×MON810×NK603 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Optimum™ Intrasect XTRA), TC1507×59122×NK603 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Herculex XTRA™ RR), TC1507×MIR604×NK603 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Optimum™ TRisect),TC1507×MON810×NK603 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ81φ-6×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Optimum™ Intrasect), TC1507×NK603 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat, commercially available, for example, as Herculex™ I RR), 3272×Bt11 (event code: SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTφ11-1, gene: pat), 3272×Bt11×GA21 (event code: SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTφ11-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), 3272×Bt11×MIR604 (event code: SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat), 3272× BT11×MIR604×GA21 (event code: SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), 33121 (event code: DP-φ33121-3, gene: pat), 4114 (event code: DP-φφ4114-3, gene: pat), 59122×GA21 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), 591 22×MIR604 (event code: DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat), 5307×MIR604×Bt11×TC1507×GA21×MIR162 (event code: gene: pat), 59122×MIR604×GA21 (event code: DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), 59122×MIR604×TC1507 (event code: DAS -59122-7×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), 59122×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code: gene: pat), (event code: DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), 59122×MON810 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6, gene: pat),59122×MON810×NK603 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat), 59122×TC1507×GA21 (event code: DAS-59122-7×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), 676 (event code: PH-φφφ676-7, gene: pat), 678 (event code: PH-φφφ678-9, gene: pat), 680 (event code: PH-φφφ68φ-2, gene: pat), 98140 ×59122 (event code: DP-φ9814φ-6×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), 98140×TC1507 (event code: DP-φ9814φ-6×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), 98140×TC1507×59122 (event code: DP-φ9814φ-6×DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), 59122×MON88017 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3, gene: pat), Bt11×59122 (event code :SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), Bt11×59122×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×59122×MIR604 (event code:SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat), Bt11×59122×MIR604×GA21 (event code:SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-59122-7×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON -φφφ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×59122×MIR604×TC1507 (event code: Bt11×59122×MIR604×TC1507, gene: pat), Bt11×59122×TC1507 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-59122-7×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×59122×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-59122-7×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR162×TC1507 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR604×TC1507 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×TC1507 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), GA21×T25 (event code: MON-φφφ21-9×ACS-ZMφφ3-2, gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507 (event code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507 (event code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), MON87427×MON89φ34×TC15φ7× MON88φ17×59122 (event code: MON-87427-7×MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON89034×59122 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON89034×59122×MON88017 (event code: gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3, gene: pat), (Event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507 (Event code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), MON87427×MON89φ34×TC15φ7×MON88φ17×59122 (Event code: MON-87427-7×MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON89034×59122 (Event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-5912 2-7, gene: pat), MON89034×59122×MON88017 (event code: gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3, gene: pat), (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), DLL25(B16) (event code: DKB-8979φ-5, gene: bar), MIR604×TC1507 (event code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat),MON87427×MON89φ34×TC15φ7×MON88φ17×59122 (event code: MON-87427-7×MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON89034×59122 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MO N89034×59122×MON88017 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×59122 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS- φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×MON88017 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×MON88017×59122×DAS40278 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), MO N89034×TC1507×MON88017×DAS40278 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×NK603×DAS40278 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ6φ3-6×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), NK603×MON810×4114×MIR 604 (event code: MON-00603-6 × MON-00810-6 × DP004114-3 × SYN-IR604-4, gene: pat), TC1507 × MON810 × MIR604 × NK603 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1 × MON-φφ81φ-6 × SYN-IR6φ4-5 × MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat),TC1507×59122×MON810 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6, gene: pat), TC1507×59122×MON88017 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3, gene: pat), TC1507×GA21 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), TC1507×MON810 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ81φ-6, gene: pat), TC1507×MON810×MIR162×NK603 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ81φ-6×SYN-IR162-4×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat), 3272×Bt11×MIR604×TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code: SYN-E3272-5×SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), TC1507×MIR162×NK603( Event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-IR162-4×MON-φφ6φ3-6, gene: pat), TC1507×MON810×MIR162 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ81φ-6×SYN-IR162-4, gene: pat), MON87419 (event code: MON87419-8, gene: pat), TC1507×MON88017 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3, gene: pat), TC6275 (event code: DAS-φ6275-8, gene: pat), gene: bar), MZHG0JG (event code: SYN-φφφJG-2, gene: pat), MZIR098 (event code: SYN-φφφ98-3, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×MON89034 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×MON-89φ34-3, gene: pat) and Bt11×MIR162×MON89φ34×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×MON-89φ34-3×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat),59122×DAS40278 (event code: DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), 59122×MON810×MIR604 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat), 59122×MON810×NK603×MIR604 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6×MON-φφ6φ3-6×SYN-IR 6φ4-5, gene: pat), 59122×MON88017×DAS40278 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), 59122×NK603×MIR604 (event code: DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ6φ3-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat), Bt11×5307 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1 , gene: pat), Bt11×5307×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×5307 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×5307×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN -φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), BT11×MIR162×MIR604×5307 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×5307×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×SYN-φ53φ7-1 x MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×MON89034×5307×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×MON-89φ34-3×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat),BT11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), BT11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN- BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), BT11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1 ×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×53 07×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR604×5307 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR604×5307×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat),Bt11×MIR604×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON- φφφ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×MON89034 (or Bt11×MON89φ34) (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×MON-89φ34-3, gene: pat), Bt11×MON89034×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×MON-89φ34-3×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×MON89φ34×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×MON-89φ34-3×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), Bt11×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), Bt11×TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code: SYN-BTφ11-1×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), MIR162×MIR604×TC1 507×5307 (event code: SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code: SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-IR162-4×SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ1 5φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53 φ7-1, gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat), MIR162×TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code: SYN-IR162-4×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507×5307 (event code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1, gene: pat),MIR604×TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×TC1507×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), MIR604×TC1507×GA21 (event code: SYN-IR6φ4-5×TC1507×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), MON87427×59122 (event code: MON-87427-7×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON87427×MON89034×59122 (event code: MON -87427-7×MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON87427×MON89034×MON88017×59122 (event code: MON-87427-7×MON-89φ34-3×MON-88φ17-3×59122, gene: pat), MON87427×MON89034×TC1507 (event code: MON-87427-7×MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat), MON87427×MON89034×TC1507×59 122 (event code: MON-87427-7 x MON-89φ34-3 x DAS-φ15φ7-1 x DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON87427 x MON89034 x TC1507 x MON87411 x 59122 (event code: MON-87427-7 x MON-89φ34-3 x DAS-φ15φ7-1 x MON-87411-9 x DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON87427 x MON89034 x TC1507 x MON87411 x 59122 x DAS40278 (event code: Code: MON-87427-7 × MON-89φ34-3 × DAS-φ15φ7-1 × MON-87411-9 × DAS-59122-7 × DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), MON87427 × MON89034 × TC1507 × MON88017 (event code: MON-87427-7 × MON-89φ34-3 × DAS-φ15φ7-1 × MON-88φ17-3, gene: pat), MON87427 × TC1507 (event code: MON-87427-7 × DAS-φ15φ7-1, gene: pat),MON87427×TC1507×59122 (event code: MON-87427-7×DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7, gene: pat), MON87427×TC1507×MON88017 (event code: MON-87427-7×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3, gene: pat), MON87427×TC1507×MON88017×59122 (event code: MON-87427-7×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-59122-7 , gene: pat), MON89034×59122×DAS40278 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), MON89034×59122×MON88017×DAS40278 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×59122×DAS40278 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS- φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×DAS40278 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), MON89034×TC1507×NK603×MIR162 (event code: MON-89φ34-3×DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ6φ3-6×SYN-IR162-4, gene: pat), TC1507×5307 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ5 3φ7-1, gene: pat), TC1507×5307×GA21 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×SYN-φ53φ7-1×MON-φφφ21-9, gene: pat), TC1507×59122×DAS40278 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), TC1507×59122×MON810×MIR604 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ81φ-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat),TC1507×59122×MON88017×DAS40278 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), TC1507×59122×NK603×MIR604 (event code: gene: pat), DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-59122-7×MON-φφ6φ3-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5, TC1507×DAS40278 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), TC1507×MON810×MIR604 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON- φφ81φ-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat), TC1507×MON810×NK603×MIR604 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ81φ-6×MON-φφ6φ3-6×SYN-IR6φ4-5, gene: pat), TC1507×MON88017×DAS40278 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-88φ17-3×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), and TC1507×NK603×DAS40278 (event code: DAS-φ15φ7-1×MON-φφ6φ3-6×DAS-4φ278-9, gene: pat), but not excluding others.

[0227] Transgenic soybean events containing a glufosinate tolerance gene include, for example, A2704-12 (event code: ACS-GMφφ5-3, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ soybean), A2704-21 (event code: ACS-GMφφ4-2, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ soybean), A5547-127 (event code: ACS-GMφφ6-4, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ soybean), A5547-35 (event code: ACS-GMφφ8-6, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ soybean), GU262 (event code: ACS-GMφφ3-1, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ soybean), and others. Link™ soybean), W62 (event code: ACS-GMφφ2-9, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ soybean), W98 (event code: ACS-GMφφ1-8, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ soybean), DAS68416-4 (event code: DAS-68416-4, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as Enlist™ Soybean), DAS44406-6 (event code: DAS-444φ6-6, gene: pat), DAS68416-4×MON89788 (event code: DAS-68416-4×MON-89788 -1, gene: pat), SYHTφH2 (event code: SYN-φφφH2-5, gene: pat), DAS81419×DAS44406-6 (event code: DAS-81419-2×DAS-444φ6-6, gene: pat), and FG72×A5547-127 (event code: MST-FGφ72-3×ACS-GMφφ6-4, gene: pat), but not to the exclusion of others.

[0228] Transgenic cotton events containing the glufosinate resistance gene include, for example, 3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON1445 (event code: DAS-21φ23-5×DAS-24236-5×MON-φ1445-2, gene: bar, commercially available as, e.g., WideStrike™ Roundup Ready™ Cotton), 3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON88913 (event code: DAS-21φ23-5×DAS-24236-5×MON-88913-8, gene: bar, commercially available as, e.g., WideStrike™ Roundup Ready™ Cotton), Flex™ Cotton), 3006-210-23 x 281-24-236 x MON88913 x COT102 (event code: DAS-21φ23-5 x DAS-24236-5 x MON-88913-8 x SYN-IR1φ2-7, gene: pat, e.g., Widestrike™ x Roundup Ready Flex™ x VIPCOT™ Cotton), GHB614 x LLCotton25 (event code: BCS-GHφφ2-5 x ACS-GHφφ1-3, gene: bar, e.g., GlyTol™ Liberty Link™), GHB614×T304-40×GHB119 (event code: BCS-GHφφ2-5×BCS-GHφφ4-7×BCS-GHφφ5-8, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as Glytol™×Twinlink™), LLCotton25 (event code: ACS-GHφφ1-3, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as ACS-GHφφ1-3), GHB614×T304-40×GHB119×COT102 (event code: BCS-GHφφ2-5×BCS-GHφφ4-7×BCS-GHφφ5-8×SYN-IR1φ2-7, gene: bar, for example, Glytol™×Twinlink™×VIPCOT™). Cotton), LLCotton25×MON15985 (event code: ACS-GHφφ1-3×MON-15985-7, gene: bar, e.g., Fibermax™, Liberty Link™, BollgardII™), T304-40×GHB119 (event code: BCS-GHφφ4-7×BCS-GHφφ5-8, gene: bar, commercially available, e.g., as TwinLink™ Cotton), GHB614×T304-40×GHB119×COT102 (event code: BCS-GHφφ2-5×BCS-GHφφ4-7×BCS-GHφφ5-8×SYN-IR1φ2 -7, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as Glytol™ x Twinlink™ x VIPCOT™ Cotton), GHB119 (event code: BCS-GHφφ5-8, gene: bar), GHB614 x LLCotton25 x MON15985 (event code: CS-GHφφ2-5 x ACS-GHφφ1-3 x MON-15985-7, gene: bar), MON 887φ1-3 (event code: MON88701, gene: bar), T303-3 (event code: BCS-GHφφ3-6, gene: bar), T304-40 (event code: BCS-GHφφ3-6, gene: bar), (event code: BCS-GHφφ4-7, gene: bar), 81910 (event code: DAS-81910-7, gene: pat), MON8870 (event code: MON 887φ1-3, gene: bar), MON88701×MON88913 (event code: MON 887φ1-3×MON-88913-8, gene: bar), MON88701×MON88913×MON15985 (event code: MON 887φ1-3×MON-88913-8×MON-15985-7, gene: bar), 281-24-236×3006-210-23×COT102×81910 (event code: DAS-24236-5×DAS-21φ23-5×SYN-IR1φ2-7×DAS-81910-7, gene: pat), COT102×MON15985×MON88913×MON88701 (event code: SYN-IR1φ2-7×MON-15985-7×MON-88913-8×MON887φ1-3, gene: bar) and 3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON88913×COT102×81910 (event code: DAS-21φ23-5×DAS-24236-5×MON-88913-8×SYN-IR1φ2-7×DAS-81910-7, gene: pat), but not to the exclusion of others.

[0229] Transgenic canola events containing a glufosinate tolerance gene include, for example, HCN10 (Topas 19 / 2) (event code: gene: bar, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ Independence™), HCN28 (T45) (event code: ACS-BNφφ8-2, gene: pat, commercially available, e.g., as InVigor™ Canola), HCN92 (Topas 19 / 2 (event code: ACS-BNφφ7-1, gene: bar, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ Independence™), and Link™ Innovator™), MS1(B91-4) (event code: ACS-BNφφ4-7, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as InVigor™ Canola), MS1×RF1(PGS1) (event code: ACS-BNφφ4-7×ACS-BNφφ1-4, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as InVigor™ Canola), MS1×RF2(PGS2) (event code: ACS-BNφφ4-7×ACS-BNφφ2-5, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as InVigor™ Canola), MS1×RF3 (event code: ACS-BNφφ4-7×ACS-BNφφ3-6, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as InVigor™ Canola), MS8 (event code: ACS-BNφφ5-8, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as InVigor™ Canola), InVigor™ Canola), MS8×RF3 (event code: ACS-BNφφ5-8×ACS-BNφφ3-6, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as InVigor™ Canola), RF1 (B93-101) (event code: ACS-BNφφ1-4, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as InVigor™ Canola), RF2 (B94-2) (event code: ACS-BNφφ2-5, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as InVigor™ Canola), RF3 (event code: ACS-BNφφ3-6, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as InVigor™ Canola), MS1×MON88302 (event code: ACS-BNφφ4-7×MON-883φ2-9, gene: bar, for example, as InVigor™ x TruFlex™ RoundupReady™ Canola), MS8×MON88302 (event code: ACS-BNφφ5-8×MON-883φ2-9, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as InVigor™×TruFlex™ Roundup Ready™ Canola), RF1×MON88302 (event code: ACS-BNφφ1-4×MON-883φ2-9, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as InVigor™×TruFlex™ Roundup Ready™ Canola), RF2×MON88302 (event code: ACS-BNφφ2-5×MON-883φ2-9, gene: bar, commercially available, for example, as InVigor™×TruFlex™ Roundup Ready™ Canola). Ready™ Canola), HCN28×MON88302 (event code: ACS-BNφφ8-2×MON-883φ2-9, gene: pat, e.g., InVigor™×TruFlex™ Roundup Ready™ Canola), HCN92×MON88302 (event code: ACS-BNφφ7-1×MON-883φ2-9, gene: bar, e.g., Liberty Link™ Innovator™×TruFlex™ Roundup Ready™ Canola), HCR-1 (gene: pat), MON88302 x MS8 x RF3 (event code: MON-883φ2-9 x ACS-BNφφ5-8 x ACS-BNφφ3-6, gene: bar), MON88302 x RF3 (event code: MON-883φ2-9 x ACS-BNφφ3-6, gene: bar), MS8 x RF3 x GT73 (RT73) (event code: code: gene: bar), PHY14 (event code: ACS-BNφφ5-8×ACS-BNφφ3-6×MON-φφφ73-7, gene: bar), PHY23 (gene: bar), PHY35 (gene: bar) and PHY36 (gene: bar) and 73496×RF3 (event code: DP-φ73496-4×ACS-BNφφ3-6, gene: bar), but not excluding others.

[0230] Transgenic rice events comprising the glufosinate tolerance gene are, for example, but not exclusive of, LLRICE06 (event code: ACS-OSφφ1-4, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ rice), LLRICE601 (event code: BCS-OSφφ3-7, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ rice), and LLRICE62 (event code: ACS-OSφφ2-5, commercially available, e.g., as Liberty Link™ rice).

[0231] The application of the herbicidal formulation or aqueous spray solution can be carried out by a pre-emergence or post-emergence method. If the herbicidal formulation is not very compatible with a particular cultivated plant, an application technique (post-directed, lay-by) can be adopted in which the herbicidal formulation is sprayed using a spraying device so that the herbicidal formulation reaches the leaves of undesirable plants growing below or the uncovered soil surface while the leaves of sensitive cultivated plants are affected as little as possible.

[0232] The application of a combination of herbicides and copolymer CP results in outstanding herbicidal activity against a wide range of economically important harmful monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants, where post-emergence application is also preferred.

[0233] In particular, some representative monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed flora that can be controlled by the combination according to the invention can be exemplified, but this list is not intended to be limited to any particular species.

[0234] In connection with the text, reference may be made to the growth stages according to the BBCH monograph “Growth stages of mono- and dicotyledonous plants”, 2nd edition, 2001, ed. Uwe Meier, Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (Biologische Bundesanstalt fuer Land und Forstwirtschaft).

[0235] Examples of harmful monocotyledonous plants on which glufosinate combinations are effective include barley (Hordeum spp.), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa spp.), Poa spp., Bromus spp., crabgrass (Digitaria spp.), Eriochloa spp., Setaria spp., Pennisetum spp., Eleusine spp., Eragrostis spp., Panicum spp., Lolium spp., Brachiaria spp., Leptochloa spp. spp.), Avena spp., Cyperus spp., Axonopris spp., Sorghum spp. and Melinus spp.

[0236] Specific examples of harmful monocotyledonous plant species on which the herbicidal composition is effective include oatgrass (Hordeum murinum), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), annual bluegrass (Poa annua), brown bromegrass L. (Bromus rubens L.), long-legged bromegrass (Bromus rigidus), common bromegrass (Bromus secalinus L.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), large crabgrass (Digitaria insularis), barnyardgrass (Eriochloa gracilis), foxtail (Setaria faberi), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), goosegrass (Eleusine indica), and road weed (Eragrostis pectinacea, Panicum miliaceum, Lolium multiflorum, Brachiaria platyphylla, Leptochloa fusca, Avena fatua, Cyperus compressus, Cyperus esculentes, Axonopris offinis, Sorghum halapense, and Melinus repens.

[0237] In a preferred embodiment, the herbicidal composition is used to control harmful monocotyledonous plants, more preferably monocotyledonous plants of the species Echinochloa spp., Digitaria spp., Setaria spp., Eleusine spp. and Brachiarium spp.

[0238] Examples of harmful dicotyledonous plants on which the herbicidal compositions are effective include Amaranthus spp., Erigeron spp., Conyza spp., Polygonum spp., Medicago spp., Mollugo spp., Cyclospermum spp., Stellaria spp., Gnaphalium spp., Taraxacum spp., Oenothera spp., Amsinckia spp., Erodium spp., and the like. spp.), Artemisia spp. (Erigeron spp.), Senecio spp., Lamium spp., Kochia spp., Chenopodium spp., Lactuca spp., Malva spp., Ipomoea spp., Brassica spp., Sinapis spp., Urtica spp., Sida spp., Portulaca spp., Richardia spp. spp.), Ragweed (Ambrosia spp.), Calandrinia spp., Sisymbrium spp., Sesbania spp., Shepherd's purse (Capsella spp.), Sonchus spp., Spurge (Euphorbia spp.), Sunflower (Helianthus spp.), Shepherd's purse (Coronopus spp.), Salsola spp., Abutilon spp., Vicia spp., Epilobium spp., Cardamine spp. spp.), Picris spp.), Trifolium spp., Galinsoga spp., Epimedium spp., Marchantia spp., Solanum spp., Oxalis spp., Metricaria spp., Plantago spp., Tribulus spp., Cenchrus spp., Bidens spp., Veronica spp. and Hypochaeris spp.

[0239] Specific examples of harmful dicotyledonous plant species on which the herbicidal composition is effective include Amaranthus spinosus, Polygonum convolvulus, Medicago polymorpha, Mollugo verticillata, Cyclospermum leptophyllum, Stellaria media, Gnaphalium purpureum, Taraxacum officinale, Oenothera laciniata, Amsinckia intermedia, Erodium cicutarium, Erodium moschatum, Erigeron bonariensis, and the like. bonariensis (Conyza bonariensis), Groundsel (Senecio vulgaris), Lingering weed (Lamium amplexicaule), Artemisia canadensis (Erigeron canadensis), Willow (Polygonum aviculare), Broom tree (Kochia scoparia), Chenopodium album, Lettuce (Lactuca serriola), Rabbit mallow (Malva parviflora), Common morning glory (Malva neglecta), Morning glory (Ipomoea hederacea), Ipomoea lacunose, Black mustard (Brassica nigra), Field mustard (Sinapis arvensis), Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica), American ibis (Amaranthus blitoides), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), narrow-leaved redroot pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus), black-eye (Amaranthus lividus), American sika deer (Sida spinosa), common purslane (Portulaca oleracea), false hawkweed (Richardiascabra, ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), eyelash button Calandrinia caulescens, narrow-leaved mustard (Sisymbrium irio), American hornwort (Sesbania exaltata), shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), common sowweed (Sonchus oleraceus), Euphorbia maculate, sunflower (Helianthus annuus), shepherd's purse (Coronopus didymus), stinging oak (Salsola tragus), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), wisteria L. (Vicia benghalensis L.), Epilobium paniculatum, cardamine species spp.), Picris echioides, Trifolium spp., Galinsoga spp., Epimedium spp., Marchantia spp., Solanum spp., Oxalis spp., Metricaria matriccarioides, Plantago spp., Tribulus terrestris, Salsola kali, Cenchrus spp., Bidens bipinnata, Veronica spp. and Hypochaeris radicata) species.

[0240] In a preferred embodiment, the herbicidal composition is used to control harmful dicotyledonous plant species, more preferably dicotyledonous plants of the species Amaranthus spp., Erigeron spp., Conyza spp., Kochia spp. and Abutilon spp.

[0241] By applying an aqueous spray solution, it is possible to control Cyperus rotundus L., Cyperus esculentus L., Cyperus brevifolius H., Cyperus microiria Steud, Cyperus iria L., Cyperus difformis, Cyperus difformis L., Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus ferax, Cyperus flavus, Cyperus iria, Cyperus lanceolatus, Cyperus lanceolatus, Cyperus Cyperus species such as Cyperus odoratus, Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus serotinus Rottb., Eleocharis acicularis, Eleocharis kuroguwai, Fimbristylis dichotoma, Fimbristylis miliacea, Scirpus grossus, Scirpus juncoides, Scirpus juncoides Roxb, Scirpus maritimus, Scirpus planiculmis ... Many annual or perennial sedge weeds such as (Fr. Schmidt).

[0242] When the spray solution is applied to the green parts of plants after emergence, growth is dramatically halted within a very short time after treatment, and the weed plants remain at the growth stage at the time of application or completely die after a certain period of time, thus eliminating competition from weeds that are harmful to the crop at a very early stage and in a sustained manner.

[0243] The application of the combination of herbicide and copolymer CP provides rapid onset and long-lasting herbicidal activity.In principle, it is advantageous for the herbicidal active compound in the combination of the present invention to be rain-resistant.In particular, the use of this herbicidal composition can reduce application rate, control a wider range of broadleaf weeds and grass weeds, exert herbicidal action more quickly, extend the duration of action, can be used only once or several times to better control harmful plants, and may extend the application period.

[0244] The above-mentioned properties and advantages are advantageous in the practice of weed control to keep agricultural crops free from undesirable competing plants and thus ensure and / or increase yield in qualitative and / or quantitative terms. These herbicidal compositions significantly exceed the prior art with respect to the properties described herein.

[0245] Due to these herbicidal and plant growth-regulating properties, the herbicidal composition can be used to control harmful plants in genetically modified crops or crops obtained by mutation / selection. These crops are generally distinguished by certain advantageous characteristics, such as resistance to herbicidal compositions or resistance to plant diseases or causative agents of plant diseases, such as specific insects or microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, or viruses. Other specific characteristics relate, for example, to the quantity, quality, storability, composition, and specific components of the harvested material. That is, for example, transgenic plants are known whose starch content is increased or whose starch quality is altered, or whose harvested material has a different fatty acid composition.

[0246] Certain aspects of the invention also relate to methods for controlling undesirable vegetation (e.g., harmful plants), comprising applying a herbicide composition, preferably by postemergence methods, to the harmful or undesirable plants, parts of the harmful or undesirable plants, or areas in which the harmful or undesirable plants grow, e.g., areas under cultivation.

[0247] "Control" in the context of the present invention refers to a significant reduction in the growth of harmful plants compared to untreated harmful plants. Preferably, the growth of harmful plants is essentially reduced (60-79%), more preferably, the growth of harmful plants is significantly or completely inhibited (80-100%), and in particular, the growth of harmful plants is almost or completely inhibited (90-100%).

[0248] Therefore, in a further aspect, the present invention relates to a method for suppressing the growth of undesirable plants and / or for controlling harmful plants, which method comprises applying an aqueous spray solution containing a combination of a herbicide and a copolymer CP, preferably in one of the preferred embodiments defined herein, to the undesirable or harmful plants, to parts of the undesirable or harmful plants or to an area in which the undesirable or harmful plants grow.

[0249] Aqueous spray solutions containing a combination of herbicide and copolymer CP can be used to control undesirable vegetation in burndown programs, in industrial vegetation management and forest management, in vegetable and perennial crops, and in lawns and turf, and the herbicide composition(s) can be applied pre-emergence or post-emergence, i.e., before, during, and / or after, the undesirable plants emerge. Preferably, they are applied as post-emergence treatment, i.e., during and / or after, the undesirable plants emerge. In this specification, the herbicide composition is applied to the location where the crop will be planted before planting or before emergence of the crop.

[0250] In industrial vegetation management and forest management, it is desirable to control a wide range of weeds for a long period of time. Control of large weeds or tall species such as shrubs or trees may also be desirable. Industrial weed management includes, for example, railway tracks and right-of-way management, fence lines, and non-cultivated areas such as industrial and construction sites, gravel areas, roads, or sidewalks. Forest management includes, for example, clear-cutting existing forests or virgin land, preventing regrowth after mechanical cutting of forest vegetation, or weed management in forestry plantations under forest management. In the latter case, it may be desirable to protect the desired trees from contact with the spray containing the herbicide mixture of the present invention.

[0251] Aqueous spray solutions containing a combination of herbicide and copolymer CP can also be used to control weeds in turf and lawns, provided that the desired grass species are tolerant to the herbicide composition. In particular, this type of herbicide composition can be used on desired grasses that have been rendered tolerant to the respective agrochemical active ingredient, for example, glufosinate or its salts, by mutagenesis or genetic engineering.

[0252] Glufosinate and its salts are non-selective systemic herbicides that have good post-emergence activity against many weeds and can therefore be used in burndown programs, industrial vegetation management and forestry, vegetable and perennial crops and transplanted turf and turfgrass.

[0253] Therefore, the present invention also relates to a method for burn-down treatment of undesirable vegetation in a crop, which comprises applying an aqueous spray solution containing a combination of a herbicide and a copolymer CP to the locus where the crop will be planted before planting (or sowing) of the crop or before emergence of the crop, in which case the herbicide composition is applied to the undesirable vegetation or its locus.

[0254] The present invention also relates to a method for controlling undesirable vegetation, comprising applying an aqueous spray containing a combination of a herbicide and a copolymer CP to a location where undesirable vegetation is present or expected to be present. Application can be carried out before, during, and / or after, preferably during and / or after, emergence of the undesirable vegetation. In one embodiment, application is carried out before emergence of a crop to be grown in the location where undesirable vegetation is present or expected to be present. In another embodiment, application is carried out before planting the crop.

[0255] In a burn-down program, the spray solution can be applied before sowing (planting) the crop plants, or after sowing (or planting) but before the crop plants germinate, specifically before sowing. The spray solution is preferably applied before sowing the crop plants. When burn-down is performed, the spray solution is generally applied within 9 months, often within 6 months, and preferably within 4 months before planting the crop. Burn-down application can be carried out up to 1 day before the crop plants germinate, preferably before the sowing / planting date of the crop plants, preferably at least 1 day, preferably at least 2 days, particularly at least 4 days, or 6 months to 1 day before germination, particularly 4 months to 2 days before germination, more preferably 4 months to 4 days before germination. Needless to say, burn-down application can be repeated one or more times within the period, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 times.

[0256] A particular advantage of spray solutions containing a herbicide and copolymer CP is that application of the spray solution results in very good post-emergence herbicidal activity, i.e., they exhibit good herbicidal activity against undesirable plants after emergence. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spray solution is applied post-emergence, i.e., during and / or after the undesirable plants have emerged. It is particularly advantageous to apply the spray solution after emergence, from the onset of leaf development of the undesirable plants until flowering. The herbicidal composition is particularly useful for controlling undesirable vegetation that has already developed to a state where it is difficult to control using conventional burndown mixtures, i.e., when individual weeds exceed 10 cm (4 inches) or even 15 cm (6 inches) in height and / or when the weeds are heavily overgrown. In the case of post-emergence treatment of plants, the herbicidal composition is preferably applied foliarly.

[0257] Sprays can be applied in a conventional manner by using techniques familiar to those skilled in the art. Suitable techniques include, for example, spraying, atomizing, dusting, spreading or sprinkling. The type of application depends on the intended purpose in a well-known manner, but in any case, it should ensure the finest possible spray of the active ingredient according to the invention.

[0258] In one embodiment, the spray solution is applied to the locus primarily by spraying, particularly foliar spraying, an aqueous dilution of the active ingredients of the mixture. Application can be carried out by conventional spraying techniques using a spray solution rate of about 10 to 2000 l / ha or 50 to 1000 l / ha (e.g., 100 to 500 l / ha).

[0259] The required application rate of the herbicidally active compound via the spray solution will vary depending on the density of the undesired vegetation, the developmental stage of the plants, the climatic conditions where the mixture is used, and the method of application.

[0260] In general, the application rate of L-glufosinate or a salt thereof is usually in the range of 50 g / ha to 3000 g / ha of active substance (ai), preferably 100 g / ha to 2000 g / ha or 200 g / ha to 1500 g / ha.

[0261] The spray solution containing copolymer CP and herbicide maintains herbicidal activity even under severe weather conditions, allowing for more flexible application in burndown applications and minimizing the risk of weeds escaping.In addition, the spray solution containing copolymer CP and herbicide shows excellent crop compatibility with certain conventional crop plants and herbicide-resistant crop plants, that is, when the spray solution is used on these crops, the damage to crop plants is reduced and / or the damage to crop plants is not increased.Therefore, the spray solution containing copolymer CP can also be applied after the emergence of crop plants.The spray solution containing copolymer CP can also show accelerated action on harmful plants, that is, they can have a more rapid effect on the damage to harmful plants.

[0262] Spray solutions containing copolymer CP are also suitable for controlling weeds resistant to commonly used herbicides, such as glyphosate-resistant weeds, weeds resistant to auxin inhibitor herbicides such as 2,4-D or dicamba, weeds resistant to photosynthesis inhibitors such as atrazine, weeds resistant to ALS inhibitors such as sulfonylureas, imidazolinones or triazolopyrimidines, weeds resistant to ACCase inhibitors such as clodinafop, clethodim or pinoxaden, or weeds resistant to protoporphyrinogen-IX-oxidase inhibitors such as sulfentrazone, flumioxazin, fomesafen or acifluorfen, for example, weeds listed in the International Survey of Resistant Weeds (http: / / www.weedscience.org / Summary / SpeciesbySOATable.aspx). Specifically, these include resistant weeds that are resistant to glufosinate or its salts, such as those listed in the International Survey of Resistant Weeds, for example, ACCase-resistant barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), wild oat (Avena fatua), black foxtail (Alopecurus myosuroides), Japanese barnyardgrass (Echinochloa colona), Japanese sedge (Alopecurus japonicus), bromegrass (Bromus tectorum), barnyardgrass (Hordeum murinum), Taiwanese sedge (Ischaemum rugosum), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), corngrass (Sorghum halepense), black foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis), common bran (Apera spica-venti), common oat (Avena sterilis, Beckmannia szygachne, Bromus diandrus, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinocloa oryzoidesoryzoides, barnyardgrass (Echinochloa phyllopogon), Reed canary grass (Phalaris minor), Red-spotted grass (Phalaris paradoxa), Setaria faberi, Green foxtail (Setaria viridis), Common barnyardgrass (Brachypodium distachyon), Long-legged bromegrass (Bromus diandrus), Brown bromegrass (Bromus sterilis), Common grass (Cynosurus echinatus), Large crabgrass (Digitaria insularis), Northern crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum), Japanese knotweed (Leptochloa chinensis), Phalaris brachystachis, Rotboellia cochinchinensis cochinchinensis, crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris), Ehrharta longiflora, Eriochloa punctata, Leptochloa panicoides, ryegrass (Lolium persicum), barnyardgrass (Polypogon fugax), Sclerochloa kengiana, Snowdenia polystacha, Sudangrass (Sorghum sudanese), and Brachiaria plantaginea, ALS inhibitor-resistant barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), annual bluegrass (Poa annua), wild oat (Avena fatua), black foxtail (Alopecurus myosuroides, Japanese horse millet (Echinochloa colona), narrow amaranthus (Amaranthus hybridus), palmer amaranthus (Amaranthus palmeri), sedge amaranthus (Amaranthus rudis), giant ragweed (Conyzasumatrensis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisifolia, Artemisia canadensis (Conyza canadensis), Kochia scoparia, Radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), Senecio vernalis, Alopecurus japonicus, Bidens pilosa, Bromus tectorum, Chenopodium album, Ragweed (Conyza bonariensis), Cornweed (Hordeum murinum), Ischaemum rugosum, Groundsel (Senecio vulgaris), Green foxtail (Setaria viridis, oriental mustard (Sisymbrium orientale), Western sorghum (Sorghum halepense), American foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis), Black-eye laurel (Amaranthus blitum), American amberjack (Amaranthus powellii), Common bramble (Apera spica-venti), Common oat (Avena sterilis), Turnip (Brassica rapa), Long-horned bromegrass (Bromus diandrus), Common ragwort (Descurainia sophia), Large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa oryzoides), Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa phyllopogon), False crest (Euphorbia heterophylla), thorny lettuce (Lactuca serriola), Phalaris minor, Phalaris paradoxa, foxtail (Setaria faberi), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), field mustard (Sinapis arvensis), American nightshade (Solanumptycanthum, sowweed (Sonchus oleraceus), chickweed (Stellaria media), American blackbird (Amaranthus blitoides), Japanese hollyhock (Amaranthus spinosus), Japanese water chestnut (Amaranthus viridis), giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida), Bidens subalternans, long-legged brome (Bromus diandrus), ragweed (Bromus sterilis), shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), cornflower (Centaurea cyanus), common sedge (Cynosurus echinatus), common cyperus (Cyperus difformis), fimbristilis miliacea, and tanner's purse (Galeopsis tetrahit), cleaver (Galium aparine), thornless cleaver (Galium spurium), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), false radish (Hirschfeldia incana), yellow arrowhead (Limnocharis flava), Limnophila erecta, corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas), American rhinoceros (Parthenium hysterophorus), Phalaris brachystachis, bindweed (Polygonum convolvulus), giant knotweed (Polygonum lapathifolium), persicaria (Polygonum persicaria), mountain buttercup (Ranunculus acris), and hornwort (Rottboellia cochinchinensis, Sagittaria montevidensis, Salsola tragus, Schoenoplectus mucronatus, Setaria pumila, Sonchus asper, Xanthiumstrumarium, Ageratum (Ageratum conyzoides), Arrowhead (Alisma canaliculatum), Sedge weed (Alisma plantago-aquatica), American Lythrum (Ammannia auriculata), Scarlet Lythrum (Ammannia coccinea), Ammannia arvensis (Ammannia arvensis), False Chamomile (Anthemis cotula), Duckweed (Bacopa rotundifolia), Bifora radians, Black-legged Weed (Blyxa aubertii), Brassica tournefortii, Bromus japonicus, Bromus secalinus, Purple ragwort (Lithospermum arvense, Camelina microcarpa, Chamaesyce maculata, Garland chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium), American celandine (Clidemia hirta), Crepis tectorum, American dodder (Cuscuta pentagona), Cyperus brevifolis, Cyperus compressus, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus iria, Cyperus odoratus, Damasonium minus, Diplotaxis erucoides, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, Dopatrum junceum, Echium plantagineum, Elatine triandra, Eleocharis acicularis, Erucaria hispanica, Erysimumrepandum), Galium tricornutum, Iva xanthifolia, Ixophorus unisetus, Lamium amplexicaule, Limnophilia sessiliflora, American dubia (Lindernia dubia), Lindernia micrantha, Lindernia procumbens, Clove knotweed (Ludwigia prostrata), Chamomile (Matricaria recutita), Ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum), Water laurel (Monochoria korsakowii), Monochoria vaginalis, Cow chickweed (Myosoton aquaticum), Ball mustard (Neslia paniculata), Oryza sativa var. sylvatica, Pentzia suffruticosa, Paper ragweed (Picris hieracioides), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Oyster mustard (Rapistrum rugosum), Dogwood (Rorippa indica, Rotala indica, Water spruce (Rotala pusilla), Rumex dentatus, Sagittaria guayensis, Sagittaria pygmaea, Arrowhead (Sagittaria trifolia), Schoenoplectus fluviatilis, Schoenoplectus juncoides, Schoenoplectus wallichii, Sida spinosa, Silene gallica, Sinapis alba, Sisymbrium thellungii, Sorghum bicolor, Spergula arvensis), Thlaspi arvense, Tripleurospermum perforatum, Vaccaria hispanica and Viciasativa, photosynthesis inhibitor-resistant barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), annual bluegrass (Poa annua), black-grass grass (Alopecurus myosuroides), Japanese horsegrass (Echinochloa colona), narrow amaranthus (Amaranthus hybridus), palmer amaranthus (Amaranthus palmeri), rudis amaranthus (Amaranthus rudis), ragweed (Conyza sumatrensis), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), Ambrosia artemisifolia, mugwort (Conyza canadensis), kochia scoparia, radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), and Senecio vernalis, Japanese sandgrass (Alopecurus japonicus), Japanese ragweed (Bidens pilosa), Bromus tectorum, Common lamb's quarter (Chenopodium album), Ragweed (Conyza bonariensis), Taiwanese ragweed (Ischaemum rugosum), Groundsel (Senecio vulgaris), Green foxtail (Setaria viridis), Oriental burr (Sisymbrium orientale), Black-eye grass (Amaranthus blitum), Common redweed (Amaranthus powellii), Common ragweed (Apera spica-venti), Common corngrass (Beckmannia syzigachne), Turnip (Brassica rapa), Large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), false ash grass (Euphorbia heterophylla), Phalaris minor, false ash grass (Phalaris paradoxa), foxtail grass (Setaria faberi), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), field mustard (Sinapisarvensis, American nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum), chickweed (Stellaria media), American blackbird (Amaranthus blitoides), Eastern blackbird (Amaranthus viridis), Bidens subalternans, Common barberry (Brachypodium distachyon), Shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), Japanese yew (Chloris barbata), Cyperus difformis, Echinochloa erecta, Japanese turnip (Epilobium ciliatum), Japanese willow (Polygonum aviculare), Japanese bindweed (Polygonum convolvulus), Common knotweed (Polygonum lapathifolium), and Japanese knotweed (Polygonum persicaria, Portulaca oleracea, Schoenoplectus mucronatus, Setaria pumila, Solanum nigrum, Solanum asper, Urochloa panicoides, Vulpia bromoides, Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus albus, Amaranthus cruentus, Arabidopsis thaliana, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Bidens tripartita, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium ficifolium, Chenopodium polyspermum, Crypsis schoenoides, Datura stramonium, Epilobiumtetragonum, Galinsoga ciliata, Matricaria discoidea, Panicum capillare, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Plantago lagopus, Polygonum hydopiper, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Polygonum monspeliensis, Rostraria, Smyrnacea, Rumex acetosella, Setaria verticillata, and Urtica urens, and PS-I-electron diversion inhibitor-resistant annual bluegrass (Poa annua). annua, giant ragweed (Conyza sumatrensis), Japanese mugwort (Conyza canadensis), Japanese sandgrass (Alopecurus japonicus), Japanese ragweed (Bidens pilosa), Japanese ragweed (Conyza bonariensis), Cornweed (Hordeum murinum), Taiwanese ragweed (Ischaemum rugosum), Black-legged ragweed (Amaranthus blitum), American nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum), American cottontail (Arctotheca calendula), Siberian ragweed (Epilobium ciliatum), Common morning rush (Hedyotis verticillata), Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum), Black-legged grass (Vulpia bromoides, field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), red flower ragweed (Crassocephalum crepidioides), Cuphea carthagensis, Erigeron philadelphicus, false ragweed (Gamochaetapensylvanica, duckweed (Landoltia punctata), shepherd's purse (Lepidium virginicum), Japanese moss (Mazus fauriei), Japanese holly (Mazus pumilus), Japanese holly (Mitracarpus hirtus), Sclerochloa dura (Sclerochloa dura), American nightshade (Solanum americanum), and Youngia japonica, glyphosate-resistant annual bluegrass (Poa annua), Japanese horsegrass (Echinochloa colona), narrow amaranthus (Amaranthus hybridus), palmer amaranthus (Amaranthus palmeri), and oak amaranthus (Amaranthus rudis, giant ragweed (Conyza sumatrensis), Ambrosia artemisifolia, mugwort (Conyza canadensis), broomflower (Kochia scoparia), horseradish (Raphanus raphanistrum), Bidens pilosa, ragweed (Conyza bonariensis), cornweed (Hordeum murinum), corngrass (Sorghum halepense), turnip (Brassica rapa), bromegrass (Bromus diandrus), lettuce (Lactuca serriola), sowweed (Sonchus oleraceus), hollyhock (Amaranthus spinosus), giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida, large crabgrass (Digitaria insularis), broadleaf rush (Hedyotis verticillata), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), American rhinoceros (Parthenium hysterophorus), Plantago lanceolata, spiny hijiki (Salsola tragus), Urochloa panicoidespanicoides), Brachiaria eruciformis, Bromus rubens, Chloris elata, Chloris truncata, Chloris virgata, Cynodon hirsutus, Lactuca saligna, Leptochloa virgata, Japanese spurge (Paspalum paniculatum), and Japanese daisy (Tridax procumbens), microtubule inhibitor-resistant barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), annual bluegrass (Poa annua), wild oat (Avena fatua), black foxtail (Alopecurus myosuroides), palm amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri), green foxtail (Setaria viridis), western sorghum (Sorghum halepense), annual foxtail (Alopecurus aequalis), Japanese corngrass (Beckmannia syzigachne), and Fumaria densifloria, auxin herbicide-resistant barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli, Japanese horse millet (Echinochloa colona), Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus rudis, Common ragweed (Conyza sumatrensis), Kochia scoparia, Radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), Chenopodim album, Sisymbrium orientale, Wheatgrass (Descurainia sophia), Lettuce (Lactuca serriola), Wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis), Common sowweed (Sonchus oleraceus), Common chickweed (Stellaria media), Common cottonweed (Arctotheca calendula), Cornflower (Centaurea cyanus, Northern crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum), Japanese horsehair (Fimbristylis miliacea), Tanuki raccoon grass (Galeopsis tetrahit), Cleaver grass (Galium aparine), Thornless Cleaver grass (Galium spurium), False radish (Hirschfeldia incana), Yellow arrowhead (Limnocharisflava, Limnocharis erecta, Corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas), Plantago lanceolata, Mountain buttercup (Ranunculus acris), Musk thistle (Carduus nutans), Common thistle (Carduus pycnocephalus), Centaurea soltitialis, Centaurea stoebe ssp. Micranthos, Common thorn thistle (Cirsium arvense), Commelina diffusa, Echinochloa crus-pavonis, American lily (Soliva sessilis, and Sphenoclea zeylanica, HPPD inhibitor-resistant Amaranthus palmeri and Amaranthus rudis, PPO inhibitor-resistant Acalypha australis, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus palmeri, Amaranthus retroflexus, Amaranthus rudis, Ambrosia artemisifolia, Avena fatua, Conyza sumatrensis, Descurainia sophia, Euphorbia heterophylla, and Senecio vernalis, carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor-resistant Hydrilla verticillata, radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), Senecio vernalis, and Sisymbriumorientale), VLCFA inhibitor-resistant black grass (Alopecurus myosuroides), wild oat (Avena fatua) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli). [Example]

[0263] The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

[0264] The following abbreviations are used: 2-PH-2EO-SO3 2EO 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate ammonium salt 2-EH-2EO-SO3 2EO 2-Ethylhexyl Ether Sulfate Ammonium Salt 2-PH-SO3 2-Propylheptyl ammonium sulfate 2-PH-0.88PO-3.523EO-SO3 3.523EO, 0.88PO 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate ammonium salt (Lutensol XL40) 2-PH-1.873PO-1.253EO-SO3 2-Propylheptyl ether sulfate ammonium salt of 1.253EO, 1.873PO 2-PH-0.78PO-2.7EO-SO3 2.7EO, 0.78PO 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate ammonium salt EO Ethylene oxide (=CH2CH2O) PO 1,2-Propylene oxide (=CH2CH(CH3)O) SLES Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate Glufosinate rac. Racemic mixture of D- and L-glufosinate SL Water-soluble concentrate

[0265] Sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate was used as a 25 wt % aqueous solution.

[0266] The alkyl ether sulfate of formula (I) (ammonium salt of 2-propylheptyl ether sulfate, 2-PH-2EO-SO3) and other adjuvants (ammonium salts of 2-EH-2EO-SO3 and PH-SO3) were used as aqueous concentrates.

[0267] The herbicidal compounds (racemic forms of glufosinate and L-glufosinate, respectively) were used as aqueous solutions of the respective glufosinate salts (TC) at predetermined concentrations.

[0268] The improving effect of the alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I) on herbicides according to the present invention was demonstrated by the following greenhouse experiments, hereinafter referred to as "Examples of the invention" (IE).

[0269] For comparison, two different types of comparative examples were carried out. In the first type of comparative example (CE1), the herbicidal compound was applied alone without any adjuvant. In the second type of comparative example (CE2), the herbicidal compound was applied together with 2-propylheptyl ammonium sulfate (2-PH-SO3), 2-ethylhexyl ether ammonium sulfate (2-EH-2EO-SO3), sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate (commercially available as Texapon EHS), and sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES), each of which was used as an adjuvant not conforming to formula (I).

[0270] All details regarding the alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I), herbicidal compounds and comparative adjuvants applied are summarized in the table below.

[0271] [Table 1]

[0272] [Table 2]

[0273] Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of alkyl ether sulfates of formula (I) and other adjuvants on the weed control efficacy of glufosinate. Grass (AVEFA, ECHCG, DIGSA, and SETVI) and broadleaf weed (KCHSC, CHEAL, AMAPA, AMATA, and ABUTH) seedlings were grown to a height of 3–20 cm, depending on plant habit, in 10 × 10 × 10 cm pots containing sandy potting soil (Limburgerhof soil). Weeds were treated with postemergence applications of glufosinate ammonium, alone or in combination with various amounts of each adjuvant, at the rates shown in the table below.

[0274] For this purpose, the herbicidal formulation and the respective adjuvants were mixed with tap water to obtain spray solutions. All mixtures formed stable, transparent spray solutions. The spray solutions were then applied to plants using a sprayer (XR Teejet 110015) at a spray volume of 200 l / ha.

[0275] The test period lasted 21 days, during which the plants were cared for and their response to treatment with the active compounds was evaluated.

[0276] The assessment of damage caused by the chemical compositions was performed using a scale of 0 to 100% compared to untreated control plants, where 0 means no damage and 100 means complete destruction of the plant.

[0277] The plants used in the greenhouse experiments belonged to the following species:

[0278] [Table 3]

[0279] The results are summarized in Tables 1-15 below, which show the application rates of the individual active ingredients as grams of active ingredient per hectare (g ai / ha) and the herbicidal activity of the individual active ingredients and their combinations in postemergence applications evaluated 14 and 28 days after treatment (DAT), respectively.

[0280] [Table 4]

[0281] [Table 5]

[0282] [Table 6]

[0283] [Table 7]

[0284] [Table 8]

[0285] [Table 9]

[0286] [Table 10]

[0287] [Table 11]

[0288] [Table 12]

[0289]

Table 13

[0290]

Table 14

[0291]

Table 15

[0292] Table 16

[0293] Table 17

[0294]

Table 18

[0295] Table 19

[0296] Table 20

[0297] Table 21

[0298] Table 22

[0299] Table 23

Claims

1. at least one compound of formula (I) for enhancing the herbicidal effect of one or more herbicidal compounds; [R-O-(A-O) ｎ -SO ３ ] － M ＋ (I) (In the formula, M ＋ is a cation; A is C ２ ~C ３ alkanediyl; R is branch C １０ is alkyl; n is an integer ranging from 1 to 10. Use of.

2. 10. A method for controlling undesirable plants, wherein at least one compound of formula (I) according to claim 1 and at least one herbicidal compound are applied to the undesirable plants or their habitat.

3. 3. The use or method of claim 1 or 2, wherein R is 2-propylheptyl.

4. 4. The use or method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein R is isodecyl having at least one methyl group attached to a tertiary carbon atom of R.

5. The cation M ＋ is monovalent and is an alkali metal ion, NH ４ ＋ , and H ４－ｍ NR １ ｍ ＋ and R １ is alkyl, cycloalkyl, (Alk-NR')BN(R'') optionally substituted with hydroxyl, methoxy, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino. ２ , (CH ２ CH ２ O) ｋ CH ２ CH ２ OH, and (CH ２ CH (CH ３ ) O) ｎ CH ２ CH (CH ３ 5. The use or method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the alkyl group is selected from the group consisting of NH, NH, NH- ...

6. M ＋ 6. The use or method of claim 5, wherein is a sodium cation.

7. M ＋ H ４－ｍ NR １ ｍ ＋ and m is 1, 2, or 3.

8. R １ 8. The use or method of claim 7, wherein is selected from the group consisting of alkyl substituted with one hydroxyl group or one methoxy group, and m is an integer ranging from 1, 2, or 3.

9. 9. The use or method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the number average of n is in the range of 1.1 to 7.0, preferably in the range of 1.5 to 6.0, more preferably 1.7 to 5.

0.

10. A is CH ２ CH ２ or CH ２ CH ２ and CH ２ CH (CH ３ 10. The use or method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, in combination with

11. The use or method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the herbicidal compound is selected from at least one herbicidal compound of the following groups (a) to (o): (a) herbicidal compounds of the group of glutamine synthetase inhibitors; (b) herbicidal compounds of the group of enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase inhibitors (EPSP inhibitors); (c) herbicidal compounds of the group of acetolactate synthase inhibitors (ALS inhibitors); (d) herbicidal compounds of the group of protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase inhibitors; (e) herbicidal compounds of the group of auxin herbicides and auxin transport inhibitors; (f) herbicidal compounds of the photosynthesis inhibitors group; (g) herbicidal compounds of the group of lipid biosynthesis inhibitors (acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, ACCase inhibitors); (h) a lipid biosynthesis inhibitor other than an ACCase inhibitor; (i) bleaching herbicides; (j) 7,8-dihydropteroate synthase inhibitors (DHP inhibitors); (k) antimitotic agents; (l) very long chain fatty acid synthesis inhibitors (VLCFA inhibitors); (m) a cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor; (n) decoupler herbicides; (o) bromobutide, chlorflurenol, chlorflurenol-methyl, cinmethylin, cumyluron, cyclopyrimorate and its salts and esters, dazomet, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-methyl sulfate, dimethipine, DSMA, dymron, endothal and its salts, etobenzanide, flamprop, flamprop-isopropyl, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop-M-methyl, flurenol, Other herbicides selected from the group consisting of flurenol-butyl, fluprimidol, phosamine, phosamine-ammonium, indanofan, maleic hydrazide, mefluidide, metam, methiozolin, methyl azide, methyl bromide, methyl-dymron, methyl iodide, MSMA, oleic acid, oxaziclomefone, pelargonic acid, pyributicarb, quinoclamine, tetofurpirolimet, tridiphane, 6-chloro-3-(2-cyclopropyl-6-methylphenoxy)-4-pyridazinol (CAS 499223-49-3) and its salts and esters, and 6-chloro-4-(2,7-dimethyl-1-naphthyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one (CAS 2414510-21-5) (HST inhibitor; FMC).

12. 12. The use or method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the herbicidal compound comprises a herbicidal compound of group (a) selected from the group consisting of glufosinate, glufosinate salts, and combinations thereof.

13. 13. The use or method of claim 12, wherein the herbicidal compound comprises at least one additional herbicidal compound selected from groups (b) to (o) of claim 11.

14. 14. The use or method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the weight ratio of the compound of formula (I) to the herbicidal compound is in the range of 1:10 to 10:

1.

15. The use or method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the compound of formula (I) and the herbicidal compound are tank-mixed.

16. i. at least one compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 10; ii. at least one herbicidal compound; A herbicidal formulation containing

17. 17. The herbicidal formulation of claim 16, which is a soluble liquid (SL) formulation.

18. i. at least one compound of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 10; ii. at least one herbicidal compound; An aqueous spray solution containing

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