Apparatus and method for measuring target properties

Abstract

An apparatus (100, 200, 300, 400) for measuring a characteristic of a target (102, 402) is disclosed. The apparatus includes a housing (104, 202, 302, 406), a probe (106, 306, 408), a sensor system (204, 404) having a distance sensor on the housing, mounting means (112) for holding the probe within the housing, and release means (304) for releasing the probe toward the target. The probe includes an elongated body (108) having a first end (108A) and a second end (108B), the first end being located within the housing and the second end extending from the housing during measurement. The second end includes a probe head (110, 206), and the probe impacts the target with the probe head. The distance sensor measures the distance to a location on the target. When the distance is within a predetermined range of a predetermined value, the probe is released.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for measuring a characteristic of a target. The present disclosure also relates to a method for measuring a characteristic of a target.

[0002] Over the past few millennia, measurement devices have gained popularity in various fields, including medicine and engineering. In ophthalmology, in particular, the target is the subject's eye or a portion of the eye. Measurement devices are used by medical professionals, such as physicians, optometrists, and ophthalmologists, to measure characteristics of the target in order to measure parameters related to the target and / or diagnose disease. These target characteristics include intraocular pressure, eye dimensions (e.g., axial length), lens thickness, corneal thickness, and tactile sensitivity.

[0003] Traditionally, such measurements have been performed using instruments that require the probe to be pressed against the target with considerable force for a considerable period of time, requiring the use of local anesthesia to avoid causing pain to the target. Recently, recoil-type instruments have become available that can measure several properties with small forces and short contact times, eliminating the need for local anesthesia.

[0004] An example of a rebound measuring device is a rebound tonometer, which is capable of measuring fluid pressure within the eyeball, i.e., intraocular pressure, by the interaction of the cornea with an indentation.

[0005] As another example, a recoil aesthesiometer can be used to measure the tactile sensitivity of a target such as the eye, i.e., the minimum impact that can be felt by the subject.

[0006] As another example, a recoil sizer can be used to measure the dimensions of various parts of a target, such as an eye, based on, for example, the propagation time of acoustic waves while the head of the recoil probe is in contact with the target.

[0007] Typically, when using such a recoil device, the recoil device is placed in front of the target at a specific location including a specific distance from the target, and setting the device at such a location and distance can be difficult.

[0008] There are very specific requirements for the alignment of the recoil device with respect to the target in order to measure the parameters related to the target. In some existing cases, the recoil device is positioned at a distance from the forehead by mechanical means. Due to anatomical variations, it may be positioned too far or too close to the target. In such cases, the parameters are measured inaccurately or not at all. If the recoil device is too close to the target, one or more parts of the device may unintentionally harm the subject while measuring the target parameters.

[0009] Some existing recoil tonometers have a rest that contacts the periphery of the target to facilitate proper placement of the recoil tonometer in front of the target. The rest defines the distance and inclination between the recoil tonometer and the target. However, anatomical variations can cause the device to be placed too far or too close to the target, or to be oriented in the wrong position on the target. This is because the rest is mechanically fixed to the tonometer and manually positioned relative to the target. Some existing recoil tonometers do not even have such a rest and must be manually positioned relative to the target.

[0010] Existing recoil-type measuring devices require the subject to be fully alert or vigilant during the measurement, otherwise the accuracy and efficiency of the measurement will be affected. In view of these circumstances, there exists a need to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings associated with existing means for measuring the characteristics of a target.

[0011] The present disclosure seeks to provide an apparatus for measuring a property of a target. The present disclosure also seeks to provide a method for measuring a property of a target. It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a solution that at least partially overcomes the problems encountered in the prior art.

[0012] According to one aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an apparatus for measuring a property of a target, the apparatus comprising: · Housing and; a probe having an elongate body with a first end and a second end, the first end located within the housing and the second end protruding from the housing during measurement, the second end having a probe head, the probe operable to impact a target with the probe head; a sensor system including one or more distance sensors disposed on the housing, the one or more distance sensors operable to measure one or more distances (L) between the one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target, the one or more distances being parallel to a direction of an axis of the elongate body; probe mounting means operable to retain said probe within said housing; probe release means operable to release the probe towards the target when each of the one or more distances between the one or more distance sensors and the one or more locations on the target is within a predetermined range (±R) of a predetermined value (V); Equipped with the one or more distance sensors: a first distance sensor operable to measure a first distance (L1) between itself and a first location on the target; a second distance sensor operable to measure a second distance (L2) between itself and a second location on the target; Equipped with The probe release means is operable to release the probe towards the target when the first distance (L1) is within a predetermined range (±R) of a first predetermined value (V1) and the second distance (L2) is within a predetermined range of a second predetermined value (V2).

[0013] According to another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for measuring a property of a target, the method comprising: measuring one or more distances (L) between one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target; Releasing the probe toward the target when each of the one or more distances (L) between the one or more distance sensors and the one or more locations on the target is within a predetermined range (±R) of a predetermined value (V); Including, the probe has an elongated body having a first end and a second end, the first end being located within the housing and the second end protruding from the housing during measurement, the second end having a probe head; the one or more distances (L) are parallel to the axis of the elongate body; measuring the one or more distances (L), measuring a first distance (L1) between a first distance sensor and a first location on the target; Measuring a second distance (L2) between a second distance sensor and a second location on the target; Releasing the probe towards the target when the first distance (L1) is within a predetermined range (±R) of a first predetermined value (V1) and the second distance (L2) is within a predetermined range of a second predetermined value (V2); The present invention is characterized by comprising:

[0014]

[0006] Embodiments of the present disclosure substantially eliminate or at least partially solve the aforementioned problems in the prior art and provide an improved apparatus for measuring target characteristics that is accurate, reliable, and efficient. Advantageously, the apparatus allows for automatic release of the recoil probe to take measurements of target characteristics when the distance between the recoil probe and the target is known to be acceptable (and, in the case of three distance sensors, when the orientation and angle of the apparatus are also known to be acceptable). Furthermore, the apparatus eliminates the need for frequent (or constant) human intervention.

[0015] Further aspects, advantages, features and objects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the accompanying drawings and detailed description of illustrative embodiments, taken in conjunction with the appended claims.

[0016] It will also be appreciated that features of the present disclosure can be combined in various combinations without departing from the scope defined by the appended claims. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the disclosure, exemplary configurations of the disclosure are shown in the drawings. However, the disclosure is not limited to the particular methods and apparatus disclosed therein. Also, the drawings are not to scale. Similar elements are designated by the same numerals wherever possible. Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the following drawings: [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for measuring a property of a target, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a front view of an apparatus for measuring a property of a target, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an apparatus for measuring a property of a target, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4]4A and 4B are perspective views of an apparatus for measuring a property of a target according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for measuring a characteristic of a target, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings, underlined numbers are used to represent the item at or adjacent to the location where the number is located. Numbers without underlines are associated with the item identified by the line extending from the number. When a number is not underlined and is accompanied by an arrow, the number is used to identify the general item to which the arrow points. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0018] The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and how they may be practiced. Although several forms for carrying out the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art will recognize that other forms for carrying out the present disclosure are also possible.

[0019] According to one aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an apparatus for measuring a property of a target, the apparatus comprising: Housing and a probe having an elongate body with a first end and a second end, the first end located within the housing and the second end protruding from the housing during measurement, the second end having a probe head, the probe operable to impact a target with the probe head; a sensor system including one or more distance sensors disposed on the housing, the one or more distance sensors operable to measure one or more distances (L) between the one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target, the one or more distances being parallel to a direction of an axis of the elongate body; probe mounting means operable to retain said probe within said housing; probe release means operable to release the probe towards the target when each of one or more distances between the one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target is within a predetermined range (±R) of a predetermined value (V); Equipped with the one or more distance sensors: a first distance sensor operable to measure a first distance (L1) between itself and a first location on the target; a second distance sensor operable to measure a second distance (L2) between itself and a second location on the target; Equipped with The probe release means is operable to release the probe towards the target when the first distance (L1) is within a predetermined range (±R) of a first predetermined value (V1) and the second distance (L2) is within a predetermined range of a second predetermined value (V2).

[0020] According to another aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for measuring a property of a target, the method comprising: measuring one or more distances (L) between one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target; Releasing the probe toward the target when each of the one or more distances (L) between the one or more distance sensors and the one or more locations on the target is within a predetermined range (±R) of a predetermined value (V); Including, the probe has an elongated body having a first end and a second end, the first end being located within the housing and the second end protruding from the housing during measurement, the second end having a probe head; the one or more distances (L) are parallel to the axis of the elongate body; measuring the one or more distances (L), measuring a first distance (L1) between a first distance sensor and a first location on the target; Measuring a second distance (L2) between a second distance sensor and a second location on the target; Releasing the probe towards the target when the first distance (L1) is within a predetermined range (±R) of a first predetermined value (V1) and the second distance (L2) is within a predetermined range of a second predetermined value (V2); The present invention is characterized by comprising:

[0021] The present disclosure provides such an apparatus and method that are robust, fast, efficient, reliable, and easy to use. Advantageously, the apparatus employs a sensor system that allows for automatic probe release, automatically or manually initiating measurement of a target characteristic when the probe's position relative to the target is acceptable. Advantageously, the apparatus does not require the subject to be fully alert or vigilant during measurement, so that a lack of alertness by the subject does not affect the measurement accuracy of the apparatus. Furthermore, the apparatus significantly speeds up target measurement and provides reliable estimates.

[0022] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "target" as used herein refers to an element of a body, such as a human body, an animal body, or an industrial product. In the context of a human body or an animal body, the element is a body part or the like whose properties are to be measured.

[0023] In some embodiments, the target is the eye. Dimensions of various parts of the eye may be measured, such as the eyeball, cornea, iris, pupil, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor, retina, and optic nerve. The corneal sensitivity threshold of the eye may be measured (aesthesiometry). The intraocular pressure may be measured (tonometry).

[0024] As used herein, the term "intraocular pressure" (IOP) refers to the fluid pressure in the eye. Pressure is a measure of force per unit area, and IOP is a measurement that includes the amount of force that aqueous humor exerts on the inner surface of the eye.

[0025] Measuring intraocular pressure is crucial to maintaining overall eye health and function, allowing for the diagnosis and treatment of elevated intraocular pressure before eye-related conditions such as conjunctivitis, corneal infections, glaucoma, and dry eye develop.

[0026] As used herein, the term "corneal sensitivity" refers to the minimum impact force that can be perceived by a subject when repeatedly impacted with a recoil probe using a series of impact forces.

[0027] The device comprises a housing. As used herein, the term "housing" refers to a protective layer configured to completely or at least partially enclose the various components of the device. In other words, the housing is configured to house the components of the device. The components of the device may be located (i.e., held or attached) within the housing by chemical, mechanical, magnetic, or other means. In some embodiments, the components of the device may be manufactured individually and then mounted within the housing. In some embodiments, the components of the device may be manufactured as an integral part of the housing.

[0028] The device includes a probe. As used herein, the term "probe" refers to a tool employed to determine a characteristic of a target. The probe has an elongated body. The elongated body has a first end that is located within the housing of the device while measurements are being taken. The elongated body also has a second end that protrudes outside the housing of the device during use. As used herein, the term "probe head" refers to the thickened portion of the probe at the second end of the probe. This may be an active probe head, including sensor electronics, or a passive probe head. The probe head increases the contact area between the target and the probe, which effectively reduces the impact pressure of the probe on the ocular surface. In some embodiments, the probe is designed to reduce the contact area with the ocular surface and increase the impact.

[0029] In some embodiments, the probe is a disposable probe to prevent contamination of the target. In some embodiments, the probe head is made from a biocompatible material to prevent contamination of the target.

[0030] As used herein, the term "sensor system" refers to an arrangement including sensors used to detect, track, or measure distances between various objects. The sensor system includes one or more distance sensors disposed in a housing. The one or more distance sensors are operable to measure distances between the one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on a target. Advantageously, during operation, the sensor system ensures that the distances are parallel to the axial direction of the elongate body, thus enabling accurate measurement of properties of the target.

[0031] In some embodiments, the sensor system further comprises one or more sensors disposed on the probe head, where the probe is an active probe, and the one or more sensors may be operable to measure one or more characteristics of the target. In another embodiment, when the probe is a passive probe, one or more sensors may be disposed within the housing, and the one or more sensors may be operable to measure one or more characteristics of the target. These characteristics may include at least one selected from intraocular pressure, dimensions of one or more portions of the eye, and tactile sensitivity. Once the correct position of the device and probe head relative to the target is detected, the probe is fired toward the target to measure the characteristics of the target, allowing for simpler and more accurate measurements. For example, when the target is an eye, the one or more sensors may be operable to measure intraocular pressure, dimensions of one or more portions of the eye, and tactile sensitivity.

[0032] In some embodiments, the one or more distance sensors comprise at least one optical beam sensor configured to measure the deflection of an electromagnetic beam, such as visible or invisible light, reflected from a surface of a target. An optical beam sensor is an electronic device that measures distance to an object by emitting a light beam and converting the deflection of the reflected light beam into an electrical signal.

[0033]

[0006] In some embodiments, the one or more distance sensors comprise at least one Time of Flight (ToF) sensor configured to measure the time of flight of an electromagnetic pulse reflected from a target surface. A Time of Flight sensor is an electronic device that measures distance to an object by emitting a pulse and converting the time between the transmitted pulse and the reflected pulse into an electrical signal.

[0034] In some embodiments, the one or more distance sensors comprise at least one selected from an ultrasonic sensor and an electromagnetic sensor. An ultrasonic sensor is an electronic device that measures distance to an object by emitting ultrasonic waves and converting reflected sound into an electrical signal. Typically, an ultrasonic sensor comprises a piezoelectric transducer, a coil, one or more membranes, or one or more MEMS, and emits sound and receives the returning sound from the object. In some embodiments, the sensor measures the time elapsed between emitting and receiving the sound to calculate the distance between the sensor and the target.

[0035] In this regard, ultrasonic or electromagnetic sensors may be employed in the device housing to measure distance (L) and in the probe head to measure target characteristics.

[0036] In some embodiments, the probe head is configured to make the parameter measurement immediately upon contact of the probe head with the target, i.e., at a fixed delay from the firing of the probe, since the distance and the time it takes the probe to fly that distance are controlled and known.

[0037] The housing comprises a probe attachment means operable to hold the probe within the housing. As used herein, the term "probe attachment means" refers to magnetic, mechanical, or other types of means used to hold the probe in a fixed position within the housing before releasing it to fly towards a target. In some embodiments, the probe attachment means is also used to capture the probe after it has bounced off.

[0038] In some embodiments, the probe attachment means prevents the probe from falling out of the device. In some embodiments, the probe attachment means is strategically designed to allow frictionless movement along the longitudinal axis of the probe as the probe is operated. In some embodiments, the probe attachment means includes a mechanical lock, a friction brake, an induction coil, a coiled or helical electrical conductor (e.g., wire), a permanent magnet, etc. In some embodiments, the probe attachment means induces an electric field, a frictional force, and / or a magnetic field on the probe to retain it within the housing of the device.

[0039] The housing comprises a probe release means. As used herein, the term "probe release means" refers to a magnetic, mechanical or other type of means used to release the probe from the housing in a controlled manner at a certain location and in a certain direction. The probe release means allows for efficient and precise movement of the probe in use.

[0040] As used herein, the term "predetermined value" refers to a measurable quantity, such as distance, force, acceleration, or time, that is predetermined to achieve an accurate result during operation. In this regard, the probe release means is operable to release the probe toward the target when one or more distances between one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target are each within a predetermined range (±R) of a predetermined value (V). That is, to release the probe, each of the one or more distances must be within the same range of the predetermined value (V). Otherwise, i.e., if the distances are not within the same range, the angle at which the probe is released will be inaccurate. The range R is predetermined by assessing the inaccuracy of the distance measurements of the embodiment.

[0041] It will be appreciated that this configuration may also protect the target from damage.

[0042] In some embodiments, the probe release means is air pressure, a spring, electromagnetic induction, piezoelectric force, or the like.

[0043] "Air pressure" in this context refers to force per unit area. When gas is pumped into a container, the pressure inside the container increases, storing mechanical energy.

[0044] As used herein, the term "spring" refers to an elastic mechanical element that has the ability to deflect under a load and return to its original shape when the load is removed. In other words, a spring is an elastic body that stores mechanical energy.

[0045] As used herein, the term "electromagnetic induction" refers to the generation of a mechanical force from an electromagnetic field, or the generation of an electromagnetic field from a mechanical force. In some embodiments, an induction coil may be disposed around the elongated body of the probe to impart motion to the probe during use. In some embodiments, the induction coil is used to measure the velocity and acceleration of the probe as it is ejected, contacts a target, and bounces off.

[0046] As used herein, the term "piezoelectric force" refers to the application of a voltage to one or more components made of piezoelectric material, thereby producing a mechanical force and deformation in a mechanical element.

[0047] In some embodiments, the elongate body is a pin. In some embodiments, the elongate body is made of a magnetizable material. In some embodiments, the magnetizable material comprises a ferromagnetic metal. In some embodiments, the elongate body is magnetized prior to release.

[0048] In some embodiments, the elongate body is a magnetic pin, and the probe release means is operable to release the probe towards the target by passing a current through the probe release means, the waveform of the current defining an impact parameter. By way of example, the pin may be made of a thin wire of magnetic material. In some embodiments, the magnetic material of the magnetic pin may be ferromagnetic. In this regard, in some embodiments, the current generates an electromagnetic field in the probe release means. The generated electromagnetic field generates a controlled force on the probe to control movement of the probe to measure a property of the target.

[0049] The one or more distance sensors a first distance sensor operable to measure a first distance (L1) between itself and a first location on the target; a second distance sensor operable to measure a second distance (L2) between itself and a second location on the target; and the probe release means is operable to release the probe towards the target when the first distance (L1) is within a predetermined range (±R) of a first predetermined value (V1) and the second distance (L2) is within a predetermined range of a second predetermined value (V2).

[0050] The implementation of the first and second distance sensors ensures that at least two parallel distances are measured at at least two positions on the target, i.e., the first and second positions, allowing for more accurate determination of the angle and distance for releasing the probe toward the target at the desired location. This implementation makes it possible to avoid tilt errors of the horizontal axis, thereby more effectively measuring the characteristics of the target.

[0051] Throughout this disclosure, the terms "first distance sensor," "second distance sensor," and "third distance sensor" as used herein refer to distance or displacement sensors used to determine the distance of an object from another object without physical contact.

[0052] In some embodiments, the first distance sensor, the second distance sensor, and the third distance sensor are implemented as ultrasonic sensors that measure the distance between the target and the device through values ​​of an output voltage, an output current, or an output time between transitions thereof. In some embodiments, the output values ​​are generated as a result of ultrasonic waves. In some embodiments, the first distance sensor and the second distance sensor are mounted on the housing of the device so that they are aligned with the probe head. In other embodiments, the first distance sensor, the second distance sensor, and the third distance sensor are mounted on the housing of the device so that all three are positioned at equal distances from each other. Such an arrangement allows the device to be positioned at an optimal distance from a target, such as an eye.

[0053] In some embodiments, the probe release means may be operable to release the probe toward the target when a distance measured between a first distance sensor and a first position on the target is within a predetermined range (±R) of a predetermined value (V), enabling automatic and smooth release of the probe toward the target. In some embodiments, the probe release means operable to release the probe may be selected from at least one of automatic and manual modes. The probe release means may be operable to release the probe toward the target when a distance measured between each distance sensor and a corresponding position on the target is within a predetermined range (±R) of a predetermined value (V), such that the device is positioned at a distance and angle favorable for measurement. The probe release means may also be operable to wait until the device is in a favorable position and then automatically or manually fire the probe toward the target. The favorable condition for measurement is defined by a desired distance (L) and tilt of the three axes. In some embodiments, the measured distance values ​​may conveniently be used by an operator to position the device in a favorable position for measurement. The device waits until it is in a favorable position and then automatically fires the probe.

[0054] To manually release the probe toward the target, the device may have a button or other similar activation device for manually initiating the release of the probe. For manual release, the probe release means may be operable to block manual release if one or more distances are not within a predetermined range of a predetermined value. This means, for example, that pressing the button will not release the probe when the predetermined range of one or more distances has not been achieved. However, once the predetermined range of each distance has been achieved, the probe can be released toward the target by pressing the button or other similar manual activation mechanism.

[0055]

[0006] In some embodiments, the one or more distance sensors include: a first distance sensor operable to measure a first distance (L1) between itself and a first location on the target; a second distance sensor operable to measure a second distance (L2) between itself and a second location on the target; a third distance sensor operable to measure a third distance (L3) between itself and a third location on the target; Equipped with the probe release means is operable to release the probe towards the target when the first distance (L1) is within a predetermined range (±R) of a first predetermined value (V1), the second distance (L2) is within a predetermined range of a second predetermined value (V2), and the third distance (L3) is within a predetermined range of a third predetermined value (V3); The first distance sensor, the second distance sensor, and the third distance sensor are arranged at corners of a triangle shape.

[0056] Such an implementation, measuring at least three parallel distances between at least three positions on the target, i.e., a first position, a second position, and a third position, and the first distance sensor, the second distance sensor, and the third distance sensor, provides a more accurate angle and distance for releasing the probe toward a desired location on the target.

[0057] In this regard, the sensor system includes a first distance sensor, a second distance sensor, and a third distance sensor. The first distance sensor is used to measure a distance between a first position on the surface of the eye, the second distance sensor is used to measure a distance between a second position on the surface of the eye, and the third distance sensor is used to measure a distance between a third position on the surface of the eye. The first distance sensor, the second distance sensor, and the third distance sensor are respectively arranged at corners of a triangle. When measuring a characteristic of a target, the sensor system reduces variations in probe ejection time and probe impact energy.

[0058] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a timer. The timer is set based on the measured distance (L) and the known or measured speed of the probe to begin measuring the target characteristic. As used herein, the term "timer" refers to a device that measures time, particularly a part of a machine that starts or stops its operation at predetermined time intervals. The time interval is set based on the measured distance (L) and the known time of flight of the probe to begin measuring the target characteristic. In some embodiments, the timer may be associated with an active probe head.

[0059] In some embodiments, the active probe head or sensor system includes a timer that is set to a predetermined value based on the known time-of-flight of the probe, and the sensor system is communicatively coupled to the active probe head, allowing the active probe head to time the moment at which the parameter measurement is made to precisely coincide with the moment of physical contact between the probe head and the target. In some embodiments, a mechanical wave, e.g., ultrasound, is transmitted to the target based on the probe ejection time and the known probe time-of-flight, eliminating the need for other means to trigger the measurement. In some embodiments, an electromagnetic pulse at a visible wavelength is transmitted to the target based on the probe ejection time and the known probe time-of-flight, eliminating the need for other means to trigger the measurement. In some embodiments, an electromagnetic pulse at a non-visible wavelength is transmitted to the target based on the probe ejection time and the known probe time-of-flight, eliminating the need for other means to trigger the measurement.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first, second, and third distance sensors are positioned at equal distances from one another. This arrangement allows the first, second, and third distance sensors to obtain triangular measurements of target characteristics. This triangular arrangement of the first, second, and third distance sensors allows for complete coverage of target distance, tilt, and centering when measuring target characteristics. Advantageously, the operator of the device can accurately measure target characteristics from various angles. In some embodiments, the first, second, and third distance sensors allow the device to be held upright or at another predetermined angle and within an appropriate distance from the center of the eye's cornea.

[0061] The present disclosure also relates to the above-mentioned method, and the various embodiments and variants disclosed above apply mutatis mutandis to this method.

[0062] The present disclosure relates to a method for measuring a property of a target, the method comprising: measuring one or more distances (L) between one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target; Releasing the probe toward the target when each of the one or more distances (L) between the one or more distance sensors and the one or more locations on the target is within a predetermined range (±R) of a predetermined value (V); Including, the probe has an elongated body having a first end and a second end, the first end being located within the housing and the second end protruding from the housing during measurement, the second end having a probe head; the one or more distances (L) are parallel to the axis of the elongate body; measuring the one or more distances measuring a first distance (L1) between a first distance sensor and a first location on the target; Measuring a second distance (L2) between a second distance sensor and a second location on the target; Releasing the probe towards the target when the first distance (L1) is within a predetermined range (±R) of a first predetermined value (V1) and the second distance (L2) is within a predetermined range of a second predetermined value (V2); The present invention is characterized by comprising:

[0063]

[0006] In some embodiments, measuring the one or more distances comprises: measuring a first distance (L1) between a first distance sensor and a first location on the target; Measuring a second distance (L2) between a second distance sensor and a second location on the target; measuring a third distance (L3) between a third distance sensor and a third location on the target; Releasing the probe towards the target when the first distance (L1) is within a predetermined range (±R) of a first predetermined value (V1), the second distance (L2) is within a predetermined range of a second predetermined value (V2), and the third distance (L3) is within a predetermined range of a third predetermined value (V3); wherein the first distance sensor, the second distance sensor, and the third distance sensor are disposed at corners of a triangle.

[0064] In some embodiments, the method may further include initiating a measurement of a characteristic of the target based on the measured distance(s) and a known time-of-flight of the probe.

[0065]

[0008] In some embodiments, the method may further include measuring one or more properties of the target using a plurality of sensors while the probe head is in mechanical contact with the target, wherein the plurality of sensors are located at at least one location selected from the probe head and the housing, and the properties of the target include at least one selected from intraocular pressure, one or more dimensions of an eye, and tactile sensitivity. [Detailed description of the drawing]

[0066] Referring to FIG. 1 , a schematic diagram of an apparatus 100 for measuring a property of a target 102 is shown, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The apparatus 100 comprises a housing 104 and a probe 106. The probe 106 comprises an elongated body 108 having a first end 108A and a second end 108B. The first end 108A is located within the housing 104, and the second end 108B protrudes from the housing 104 during measurement. The second end 108B has a probe head 110, and the probe 106 is operable to impact the target 102 with the probe head 110. The housing 104 comprises a probe base means 112. The probe base means 112 is operable to retain the probe 106 within the housing 104 and to release the probe 106 towards the target 102 in a controlled manner. One or more distance sensors 404 are disposed on the housing to measure one or more distances (L) between the one or more distance sensors 404 and one or more locations 410 on the target 102 .

[0067] Referring to FIG. 2 , a front view of an apparatus 200 for measuring a characteristic of a target (not shown) is shown, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the apparatus 200 comprises a housing 202 including a probe head 206 and a sensor system 204 including one or more distance sensors disposed on the housing 202. The one or more distance sensors are operable to measure distances (not shown) between the one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target. These distances are parallel to the axis of the elongated body. As shown, the sensor system 204 comprises a first distance sensor 204A, a second distance sensor 204B, and a third distance sensor 204C. The first distance sensor 204A, the second distance sensor 204B, and the third distance sensor 204C are arranged at the corners of a triangle.

[0068] 3, an exploded view of an apparatus 300 for measuring a characteristic of a target (not shown) is shown, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the apparatus 300 comprises a probe base 302 within a housing (not shown). The probe base 302 comprises a probe release means 304. The probe release means 304 may be operable to release a probe 306 towards the target in a controlled manner when a distance between each of one or more distance sensors (not shown) and one or more locations on the target is within a predetermined range of a predetermined value V.

[0069] 4A and 4B, perspective views of an apparatus 400 for measuring a characteristic of a target 402 are shown, in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4A, the apparatus 400 is positioned at an optimal angle relative to the target 402. The apparatus 400 includes a sensor system 404 disposed on a housing 406. The sensor system 404 includes a first distance sensor 404A, a second distance sensor 404B, and a third distance sensor 404C. The first distance sensor 404A can be operated to measure a distance between the first distance sensor 404A and a first position 410A on the target 402. The second distance sensor 404B can be operated to measure a distance between the second distance sensor 404B and a second position 410B on the target 402. The third distance sensor 404C can be operated to measure a distance between the third distance sensor 404C and a third position 410C on the target 402. A probe release means (not shown) is operable to release the probe 408 towards the target 402 when a distance L1 between the first distance sensor 404A and a first position on the target 402 is within a predetermined range of a predetermined value V1, a distance L2 between the second distance sensor 404B and a second position on the target 402 is within a predetermined range of a predetermined value V2, and a distance L3 between the third distance sensor 404C and a third position on the target 402 is within a predetermined range of a predetermined value V3. The first distance sensor 404A, the second distance sensor 404B, and the third distance sensor 404C are respectively arranged at the corners of a triangle.

[0070] 4B, the device 400 is positioned at an incorrect angle relative to the target 402. This positioning leads to inaccurate measurements of the characteristics of the target 402. In this case, at least one of the distance L1 between the first distance sensor 404A and a first position on the target 402, the distance L2 between the second distance sensor 404B and a second position on the target 402, and the distance L3 between the third distance sensor 404B and a third position on the target 402 is not within a corresponding predetermined range. This causes the probe 408 to miss the intended spot on the target surface or to have a flight time that is too long or too short.

[0071] 5, a flowchart illustrating steps of a method 500 for measuring a property of a target according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. In step 502, one or more distances L are measured between one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target.

[0072] In step 504, if each of the one or more distances L between one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target is within a predetermined range ±R of a predetermined value V, the probe is released toward the target, wherein the probe has an elongated body having a first end and a second end, the first end located inside the housing and the second end protruding from the housing during measurement, the second end having a probe head, and the one or more distances L are parallel to the direction of the elongated body axis.

[0073] Steps 502 and 504 are exemplary only, and other alternatives may be provided in which one or more steps are added, one or more steps are deleted, or one or more steps are performed in a different order without departing from the scope of the claims herein.

[0074] Modifications to the embodiments of the present disclosure described above can be made without departing from the scope defined by the appended claims. The terms "including," "comprising," "incorporating," "having," "being," and the like, used to describe and claim the present disclosure, are intended to be interpreted in a non-exclusive manner, i.e., allowing for the presence of items, parts, or components not expressly recited. The absence of a plurality of elements does not preclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.

Claims

1. 1. An apparatus for measuring a characteristic of a target, comprising: Housing and a probe having an elongate body with a first end and a second end, the first end located within the housing and the second end protruding from the housing during measurement, the second end having a probe head, the probe operable to impact a target with the probe head; a sensor system including one or more distance sensors disposed on the housing, the one or more distance sensors operable to measure one or more distances between the one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target, the one or more distances being parallel to a direction of the axis of the elongate body; probe mounting means operable to retain said probe within said housing; probe release means operable to release the probe towards the target when each of one or more distances between the one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target is within a predetermined range of a predetermined value; Equipped with the one or more distance sensors a first distance sensor operable to measure a first distance between itself and a first location on the target; a second distance sensor operable to measure a second distance between itself and a second location on the target; Equipped with the probe release means is operable to release the probe towards the target when the first distance is within a predetermined range of a first predetermined value and the second distance is within a predetermined range of a second predetermined value; An apparatus characterized in that

2. the one or more distance sensors further comprising a third distance sensor operable to measure a third distance between the third distance sensor and a third position on the target; the probe release means is operable to release the probe towards the target when the first distance is within a predetermined range of a first predetermined value, the second distance is within a predetermined range of a second predetermined value, and the third distance is within a predetermined range of a third predetermined value; the first distance sensor, the second distance sensor, and the third distance sensor are arranged at corners of a triangle shape; 10. The apparatus of claim 1.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first distance sensor, the second distance sensor, and the third distance sensor are positioned at equal distances from each other.

4. 10. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the sensor system further comprises a timer, the timer being set based on the measured distance and the known time-of-flight of the probe to initiate measurement of the target characteristic.

5. 10. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the target is an eye.

6. 10. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the target characteristic comprises at least one selected from intraocular pressure, one or more dimensions of at least a portion of the eye, and tactile sensitivity.

7. 10. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor system comprises at least one selected from an ultrasonic sensor and an electromagnetic sensor.

8. 10. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the sensor system further comprises one or more sensors arranged on the probe head, the probe being an active probe, the one or more sensors operable to measure one or more properties of a target.

9. 10. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the sensor system further comprises one or more sensors disposed in the housing, the probe being a passive probe, the one or more sensors operable to measure one or more properties of a target.

10. 10. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the probe release means operable to release the probe is selected from at least one of automatic or manual.

11. 11. Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the probe release means is operable to block manual release if one or more distances are not within a predetermined range from a predetermined value.

12. 1. A method for measuring a property of a target, comprising: measuring one or more distances between one or more distance sensors and one or more locations on the target; Releasing the probe towards the target when each of the one or more distances between the one or more distance sensors and the one or more locations on the target is within a predetermined range of a predetermined value; Including, the probe has an elongated body having a first end and a second end, the first end being located within the housing and the second end protruding from the housing during measurement, the second end having a probe head; the one or more distances are parallel to the axis of the elongate body; measuring the one or more distances measuring a first distance between a first distance sensor and a first location on the target; measuring a second distance between a second distance sensor and a second location on the target; releasing the probe toward the target when the first distance is within a predetermined range of a first predetermined value and the second distance is within a predetermined range of a second predetermined value; A method comprising:

13. Measuring the one or more distances comprises: measuring a third distance between a third distance sensor and a third location on the target; releasing the probe toward the target when the first distance is within a predetermined range of a first predetermined value, the second distance is within a predetermined range of a second predetermined value, and the third distance is within a predetermined range of a third predetermined value; wherein the first distance sensor, the second distance sensor, and the third distance sensor are positioned at corners of a triangle.

14. 14. The method of claim 12, further comprising initiating a measurement of a characteristic of the target based on the measured distance(s) and a known time-of-flight of the probe.

15. 15. The method of claim 12, further comprising measuring one or more characteristics of the target using a plurality of sensors while the probe head is in mechanical contact with the target, the plurality of sensors being located at at least one location selected from the probe head and the housing, and the characteristics of the target comprising at least one selected from intraocular pressure, one or more dimensions of an eyeball, and tactile sensitivity.

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