Composite elements for insulating glass panes

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite element (10), in particular a composite element (10) for insulating glass panes, comprising at least a first pane element (20) and at least one second pane element (22), and also at least one first profile element (30), the profile element (30) having at least one first bonding surface (32) and / or at least one second bonding surface (33), the first and / or second bonding surface (32, 33) being provided and configured to apply and / or receive a first bonding agent (40) and to apply and / or receive a second bonding agent (50) in contact with the first bonding surface (32). The present invention relates to a composite element (10), characterized in that a third bonding surface (34) is present to accommodate a second bonding agent (50) and / or a fourth bonding surface (35) is present adjacent to the second bonding surface (33) to apply and / or accommodate a second bonding agent (50), and the first pane element (20) and the second pane element (22) are connectable or connected by a profile element (30) and a first bonding agent (40) and / or a second bonding agent (50), the first bonding agent (40) being a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive, the two-component adhesive containing at least two selected (meth)acrylate monomers in specific proportions and specific weight ratios to each other. The present invention also relates to an insulating glass pane (100), a profile element (30), a window, a door, and to a method for producing the composite element or the insulating glass pane (100).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to composite elements, in particular composite elements for insulating glass panes, insulating glass panes, profile elements, windows, doors, and to processes for producing composite elements and insulating glass panes. [Background technology]

[0002] Insulating glass panes are already known from the prior art.

[0003] Multi-pane insulated glass (MIG), also known as thermally insulated glazing or insulated glazing, is a component consisting of at least two glass panes, e.g., for windows. Between the panes there is an airtight sealed cavity that serves for thermal insulation. The precursors were the so-called laminated windows, double glazing without an air seal, and double single glazing for box windows or outer windows.

[0004] In contrast to other types of heat-insulating glazing, insulating glazing is a self-contained system that does not require a perimeter frame—usually a window sash—to function properly. This is achieved by utilizing edge seals that hold the individual glass panes together at a distance while also hermetically sealing the spaces between the panes. The spaces between the panes typically contain a better insulating inert gas, such as argon, rather than air, for many years.

[0005] To minimize the thermal conduction of insulating glass panes, the space between the panes can be increased. However, because gas transfers heat not only by conduction but also through airflow (convection) as its volume increases, the thermal insulation provided by the trapped gas again becomes less sufficient beyond a certain distance between the panes. To prevent this, an additional (third) pane of glass is usually attached to the insulating glass.

[0006] The purpose of the edge seal is to mechanically hold the glass panes together at a distance and to prevent the gas fill from escaping and, alternatively, the ingress of ambient air and moisture.

[0007] In the early development of double insulating glass technology, a metal spacer was soldered between the two panes. Another method was to melt the edge of the glass and simultaneously bend it 90°, thus sealing the individual panes of glass.

[0008] However, two-stage glued edge seals have been commonplace for decades. A 10-20 mm wide profile (a so-called spacer) made of aluminum, stainless steel, or plastic is provided on both sides with a sticky layer of butyl rubber. After being firmly pressed together, this bonds the panes together and represents the first level of sealing. For example, German Patent Application Publication No. 10211940A1 describes a door panel consisting of two glass panes, which are bonded together via a profile placed at the edges of the panes. In each case, butyl material is provided between the profile and the panes as an adhesive layer and a vapor barrier layer, which is intended to protect the inside of the door panel from moisture penetrating from the outside.

[0009] Once the interpane space is filled with gas, the gap between the perimeter of the spacer and the protruding edge of the glass is provided with a second, durable, resilient sealing level composed of polyurethane or special polysulfides. Silicones are used here for facade elements exposed to UV light, but they are more gas-permeable. An example of the use of sealing compounds composed of polysulfides or silicones can be found in EP 0 852 280 A1, which relates to spacers for multi-pane insulating glazing. The spacers described there are characterized by a metal foil bonded to the entire bonding surface on the side away from the glazing cavity.

[0010] Because gas diffusion through glued edge seals cannot be completely avoided, the edge seal merely ensures the proper functionality of the insulating glass pane over a certain period of time. Therefore, the thermal insulation value steadily deteriorates as a result of the escape of filler gas—specifically, a maximum gas loss of 1% per year—and as ambient air and moisture ingress occurs. A service life of 20 to 30 years is cited in the literature. To prevent the accumulation of permeated moisture as condensate in the spaces between the panes, a desiccant from the silica gel or molecular sieve (zeolite) material family is introduced into the spacer, as described, for example, in EP 0 228 641 A2. Once the desiccant is depleted, the inside of the pane is clouded, which is referred to as a "blind pane."

[0011] Edge seals deteriorate the thermal insulation of insulating glass panes. The heat transfer coefficient of insulating glass is expressed as a Ug value (g = glazing) and does not take into account the effect of edge seals. Taking into account the effect of edge seals, conventional aluminum spacers (psi value: 0.068 W / m K) and 1.2 W / m K 2 A 1m x 1m double insulating glass pane with a Ug value of K is as follows: 1.2W / m2 K + (4m × 0.068 W / m K) = 1.5 W / m 2 K It has a U-value of

[0012] A reduction in the thermal insulation value of the pane edges also leads to the accumulation of water condensation on the pane's inner edges at low outside temperatures. (Older window elements often have high air permeability at the joints, so the condensation dries out with the passing cool air and goes unnoticed.) The use of thermally improved edge seals—so-called warm edges with psi values ​​of 0.03 W / m·K to 0.05 W / m·K—means that condensation buildup occurs only at relatively low outside temperatures, depending on the psi value and ambient humidity.

[0013] However, known insulating glass panes in which the edge seals are glued in two stages as described above have the problem that such constructions are relatively complex and bulky in design with respect to the loads that arise, such as thermal expansion of the glass and spacers, the weight of the glass itself, and live loads, such as wind pressure, suction forces, and handling forces. Such constructions are complex and costly to manufacture and include additional high weight due to the relatively bulky edge seals, which, for example, impose additional demands on fastenings, especially for large-area insulating glazing. However, in many cases, slimmer and better insulating glass constructions with smaller and less noticeable edge seals would be desirable for aesthetic reasons.

[0014] To address this issue, novel bonding solutions have been developed. For example, WO 2014 / 184256 A1 discloses significantly improved composite elements for insulating glass panes that are particularly shear-resistant while also being lightweight, stable, and cost-effective. This is achieved by using a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive as a structural adhesive to bond the pane element to the profile element. SikaFast®-5211 is taught as a particularly suitable such adhesive. The use of such adhesives with high shear modulus and high strength makes it possible to produce particularly stable composite elements that can be used for reinforcement without additional measures, such as frame profiles with large cross-sectional areas, which are typically required. This allows for the production of lighter, slimmer, and more aesthetically pleasing composite elements, for example, for large-area glazing in buildings.

[0015] However, despite significant improvements, the solution disclosed in WO 2014 / 184256 A1 still proved to have certain drawbacks. Prior art two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives actually have significantly superior strength and rigidity compared to conventional silicone adhesives and are very well suited for use in composite elements. However, especially at low temperatures, such as -20°C, even elastically optimized two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives become brittle and lose their elasticity. If additional high tensile stresses are generated in the composite element under these conditions, for example as a result of wind pressure or thermal expansion or contraction of the glass, this can lead to fracture of the glass or the adhesive, since the cold-brittle adhesive can no longer compensate for the tensile forces that arise.

[0016] Therefore, since very low temperatures such as -20°C can occur in colder regions during the winter, there is a need for improved two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives that can be used to produce composite elements as taught in WO 2014 / 184256 A1 and that overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0017] The problem addressed by the present invention is therefore to further develop advantageous production processes for composite elements, in particular composite elements for insulating glass panes, insulating glass panes, profile elements, windows, doors, and composite elements and insulating glass panes, in order to be able to provide insulating glass panes that are particularly shear resistant but at the same time lightweight, stable, and more cost-effective due to material savings than most conventional insulating glass panes, and that have improved stability against tension-related damage at very low temperatures compared to the prior art, such as that taught in WO 2014 / 184256 A1. [Means for solving the problem]

[0018] This problem is solved according to the invention by a composite element having the features of claim 1. According to said claim, the composite element comprises at least one first pane element and at least one second pane element and also at least one first profile element, the profile elements having at least one first bonding surface and / or at least one second bonding surface, the first and / or second bonding surface being provided and configured to apply and / or accommodate a first bonding agent, a third bonding surface adjacent to the first bonding surface being provided for applying and / or accommodating a second bonding agent, and / or a fourth bonding surface adjacent to the second bonding surface being provided for applying and / or accommodating a second bonding agent, the first pane element and the second pane element being connectable or connectable by the profile element and the first and / or second bonding agent, wherein the first bonding agent is a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive according to claim 1.

[0019] The composite element may in particular be a composite element for an insulating glass pane. The profile element may, for example, be a spacer for an insulating glass pane.

[0020] This creates the advantage that composite elements can be provided which can be used in particular in connection with insulating glass panes for windows or doors, and which comprise at least one first and at least one second pane element, which are particularly shear resistant but at the same time lightweight, stable and - due to the savings in material - more cost effective, and which are resistant to tensile damage even at very low temperatures such as -20°C.

[0021] Thanks to its advantageous mechanical properties, the composite element according to the invention can be used without or with a significant reduction in additional reinforcement measures, such as reinforcing metal structures in the window frame. As a result, narrower frames and larger pane elements are possible, which increases the amount of light incident through the larger possible pane area, reduces the known heat loss through the reinforcing metal structures, and provides greater design freedom in the production of insulating glass panes. Furthermore, production in fewer work steps is possible, which conserves resources, saves costs, and makes efficient automated production simpler.

[0022] The first and second pane elements can be, for example, glass panes or plastic panes.

[0023] The first bonding agent is a two-part (meth)acrylate adhesive, and the two-part (meth)acrylate adhesive is liquid K1, a) Formula (IIIa) [ka] (In the formula, R 1 is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group, and R 2 is either a linear or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or a group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms containing either a phenyl group or an aliphatic 5- or 6-membered ring having at least one ether oxygen in the ring structure. at least one monomer A represented by b) Formula (IIIb) [ka] (In the formula, R 3 is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group, and R 4 is a linear alkyl group having more than 12 carbon atoms in the chain, preferably at most 20 carbon atoms in the chain), at least one monomer B represented by c) preferably 10% to 20% by weight, based on liquid K1, of formula (I) [ka] (wherein R is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X is a polymeric polyol after removal of two OH groups, Y is O or NR″ (wherein R″ is a hydrocarbon group or a hydrogen atom, preferably a hydrogen atom). at least one elastomer C of d) preferably at least one additive selected from the group consisting of core-shell polymers, free radical cure activators, free radical cure inhibitors, fillers, and adhesion promoters; Including, However, liquid K1 contains 25% by weight to 75% by weight, preferably 40% by weight to 60% by weight, of a mixture of monomer A and monomer B, based on liquid K1; The mass ratio of monomer A to monomer B in liquid K1 is 1:1 to 9:1, preferably 6:4 to 8:2. a liquid K2 containing at least one initiator for free-radical curing, Includes:

[0024] Substance names beginning with "poly", such as polyisocyanates, polyurethanes, polyesters or polyols, are used in this document to mean substances that formally contain two or more of the functional groups named thereon per molecule.

[0025] The term "polymer" as used herein primarily encompasses a group of chemically uniform macromolecules that differ in degree of polymerization, molar mass, and chain length, said group being produced by polyreactions (polymerization, polyaddition, polycondensation). The term also secondarily encompasses derivatives of such a group of macromolecules from "poly" reactions, i.e., compounds that may be chemically uniform or chemically non-uniform, obtained by reactions, for example, addition or substitution, of functional groups in the defined macromolecule. Moreover, the term also encompasses so-called prepolymers, i.e., reactive oligomeric preadducts in which functional groups participate in the formation of the macromolecule.

[0026] The term "polymeric polyol" as used herein includes any polymer as defined above that has more than one hydroxyl group. The term "polymeric diol" therefore includes any polymer that has exactly two hydroxyl groups.

[0027] The term "polyurethane polymer" encompasses all polymers produced by the so-called diisocyanate polyaddition process. It also includes polymers that are substantially or completely free of urethane groups. Examples of polyurethane polymers are polyether polyurethanes, polyester polyurethanes, polyether polyureas, polyureas, polyester polyureas, polyisocyanurates, and polycarbodiimides.

[0028] "Molecular weight" is to be understood in this document as meaning a defined, discrete molar mass (in grams / mole) of a molecule or a part of a molecule (also referred to as a "group"). "Average molecular weight" is the number-average M, especially of polydisperse oligomeric or polymeric mixtures of molecules or groups, typically determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) relative to polystyrene standards. n means.

[0029] The term "(meth)acrylate" should be understood to mean either "methacrylate" or "acrylate."

[0030] The dashed lines in the formulae represent in each case in this document bonds between substituents and related molecular groups, unless otherwise stated.

[0031] "Room temperature" means a temperature of approximately 23°C.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, all industry or other standards cited in this document relate to the versions of those standards that were valid at the time the patent application was filed.

[0033] The terms "mass" and "weight" are used interchangeably in this document. Thus, "weight percent" (wt%) is the percentage mass fraction based on the total composition or, depending on the context, the mass (weight) of all molecules, unless otherwise specified.

[0034] The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive used as the first binder consists of a first component K1 and a second component K2.

[0035] Liquid K1 is firstly a compound of formula (IIIa) [ka] (In the formula, R 1 is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group, R 2 is either a linear or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or a group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms containing either a phenyl group or an aliphatic 5- or 6-membered ring having at least one ether oxygen in the ring structure. The monomer A comprises at least one monomer A represented by the formula:

[0036] R in formula (IIIa) 1 is preferably a methyl group.

[0037] In one preferred embodiment, R in formula (IIIa) 2is a linear or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples of such monomers are hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA), or hydroxybutyl methacrylate (HBMA), preferably hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), with hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) being particularly preferred.

[0038] In another preferred embodiment, R in formula (IIIa) 2 is a group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms containing an aliphatic 5- or 6-membered ring having one or two ether oxygen atoms in the ring structure.

[0039] Most preferably, R in formula (IIIa) 2 is a hydroxyethyl group or a benzyl group, or a group represented by formula (IV) [ka] (The dashed lines in formula (IV) represent oxygen atoms and R 2 (represents the bond between The dashed line in formula (IV) represents an oxygen atom and R 2 represents a bond between the monomers A. Examples of such monomers A are benzyl acrylate (BNA), benzyl methacrylate (BNMA), hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA), and the isomeric mixture glycerol formal methacrylate (comprising structures (IVb) and (IVc) in formula (IV) and CAS number 1620329-57-8) available from Evonik under the trade name GLYFOMA.

[0040] The most preferred monomers A are benzyl methacrylate (BNMA), tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and glycerol formal methacrylate (GLYFOMA).

[0041] Mixtures of these monomers A may of course also be used.

[0042] Liquid K1 further comprises a compound of formula (IIIb) [ka] (In the formula, R 3 is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group, and R 4 is a linear alkyl group having more than 12 carbon atoms in the chain and preferably at most 20 carbon atoms in the chain and at least one monomer B represented by the formula:

[0043] R in formula (IIIb) 3 is preferably a methyl group.

[0044] R in formula (IIIb) 4 is preferably a linear alkyl group having 13 to 18 carbon atoms in the chain. 4 If there is a mixture of different chain lengths in R 4 The average chain length is formally used as a measure of the effective chain length of the

[0045] Examples of such monomers B are lauryl tetradecyl acrylate (LATEA), lauryl tetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA), stearyl acrylate (STEA), and stearyl methacrylate (STEMA). Most preferred are lauryl tetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and stearyl methacrylate (STEMA).

[0046] Liquid K1 contains 25% to 75% by weight, preferably 40% to 60% by weight, of a mixture of monomer A and monomer B, based on liquid K1.

[0047] The weight ratio of monomer A to monomer B in liquid K1 should be set between 1:1 and 9:1, preferably between 6:4 and 8:2. Within these limits, improved elasticity can be achieved both at room temperature and at very low temperatures down to -20°C.

[0048] The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive in particular does not contain any further monomers other than the monomers A and B described above.

[0049] Liquid K1 more preferably contains from 10% to 20% by weight, based on liquid K1, of the formula (I) [ka] (wherein R is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X is a polymeric polyol after removal of two OH groups, Y is O or NR″ (wherein R″ is a hydrocarbon group or a hydrogen atom, preferably a hydrogen atom). The composition contains at least one elastomer C of the formula:

[0050] The elastomer C of formula (I) preferably has an average molecular weight of 1000 to 40,000 g / mol, in particular 1000 to 30,000 g / mol, preferably 1000 to 20,000 g / mol.

[0051] In the elastomer C of formula (I), the group X is a polymeric polyol from which two OH groups have been removed, in particular a polyalkylene polyol, a polyoxyalkylene polyol, or a polyurethane polyol, a polyhydroxy-functional ethylene-propylene, ethylene-butylene, or ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer, a polyhydroxy-functional copolymer of a diene, such as 1,3-butadiene or a mixture of dienes, with a vinyl monomer, such as styrene, acrylonitrile, or isobutylene, a polyhydroxy-functional polybutadiene polyol, a polyhydroxy-functional acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymer, or a polysiloxane polyol. Polyhydroxy-terminated acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymers are typically produced from carboxyl-terminated acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymers, such as those commercially available under the name Hycar® CTBN from Emerald Performance Materials, LLC, USA, with epoxides or amino alcohols. Suitable elastomers (C) of formula (I) are commercially available, for example, from Kraton Polymers, USA or under the trade names Hycar® VTB and Hycar® VTBNX from Emerald Performance Materials, LLC, USA. The polymeric polyol is in particular a polymeric diol PD.

[0052] The elastomer C of formula (I) is preferably a polyurethane (meth)acrylate. Such compounds can typically be produced by reacting at least one diol D with at least one diisocyanate and a (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylamide, or (meth)acrylic acid ester having a hydroxyl group.

[0053] In the first process, the reaction can be carried out by conventionally reacting diol D with a diisocyanate, for example, at a temperature of 50° C. to 100° C., optionally with the use of a suitable catalyst, ensuring that the NCO groups are present in stoichiometric excess relative to the OH groups. The isocyanate-terminated polyurethane polymer resulting from this reaction is then reacted with a (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylamide, or (meth)acrylic acid ester having a hydroxyl group, in particular with a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, such as hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA), or hydroxybutyl methacrylate (HBMA), preferably with hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), or with a monohydroxypoly(meth)acrylate of a polyol, preferably glycerol or trimethylolpropane, to give a polyurethane (meth)acrylate.

[0054] In a second process, diol D can be reacted with a diisocyanate with the OH groups present in stoichiometric excess relative to the NCO groups. The hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane polymer resulting from this reaction can be esterified with (meth)acrylic acid to give elastomer C of formula (I).

[0055] A further process for producing elastomer C comprises a first step of reacting (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylamide, or (meth)acrylic acid ester having hydroxyl groups, in particular a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, such as hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA), or hydroxybutyl methacrylate (HBMA), preferably hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), or a monohydroxypoly(meth)acrylate of a polyol, preferably glycerol or trimethylolpropane, with at least one diisocyanate, employed in such an amount that the NCO groups are present in excess relative to the OH groups. In a subsequent reaction, the resulting intermediate having isocyanate groups is reacted with at least one diol D to give elastomer C of formula (I).

[0056] Similarly, elastomer C of formula (I) can be produced by esterification of (meth)acrylic acid with diol D, with the diol being present in stoichiometric excess. In a subsequent reaction, the partially esterified diol D is reacted with a diisocyanate to give elastomer C of formula (I).

[0057] Preferred diols (D) are polyoxyalkylene diols, also known as "polyether diols", polyester diols, polycarbonate diols, and mixtures thereof. The most preferred diols are polyoxyethylene diols, polyoxypropylene diols, or polyoxybutylene diols.

[0058] Polyoxyalkylene diols can have varying degrees of unsaturation (measured according to ASTM D-2849-69 and reported in milliequivalents of unsaturation per gram of polyol (mEq / g)). Those with low degrees of unsaturation are produced, for example, using so-called dual metal cyanide complex catalysts (DMC catalysts), while those with higher degrees of unsaturation are produced, for example, using anionic catalysts such as NaOH, KOH, CsOH, alkali metal alkoxides, etc.

[0059] For diols with a molecular weight of ≧2000 g / mol, preference is given to using polyoxyalkylenediols with a low degree of unsaturation, especially those below 0.01 mEq / g.

[0060] Suitable diisocyanates include, in principle, all diisocyanates. Examples include hexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate (HDI), 2-methylpentamethylene 1,5-diisocyanate, 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate (TMDI), dodecamethylene 1,12-diisocyanate, lysine isocyanate and lysine ester diisocyanate, cyclohexane 1,3-diisocyanate, cyclohexane 1,4-diisocyanate, 1- Isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (=isophorone diisocyanate or IPDI), perhydro-2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and perhydro-4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,4-diisocyanato-2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexane (TMCDI), 1,3- and 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, m- and p- Silylene diisocyanate (m- and p-XDI), m- and p-tetramethyl-1,3-xylylene diisocyanate, m- and p-tetramethyl-1,4-xylylene diisocyanate, bis(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl)naphthalene, tolylene 2,4-diisocyanate and 2,6-diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane 4,4'-diisocyanate, 2,4'-diisocyanate, and 2,2'- Diisocyanate (MDI), phenylene 1,3-diisocyanate and 1,4-diisocyanate, 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-diisocyanatobenzene, naphthalene 1,5-diisocyanate (NDI), 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-diisocyanatobiphenyl (TODI), oligomers and polymers of the above-mentioned isocyanates, and also any desired mixtures of the above-mentioned isocyanates.

[0061] A preferred diisocyanate is 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethyl-cyclohexane (IPDI).

[0062] Most preferably, the elastomer C is a polyurethane (meth)acrylate, in particular one which can be obtained from the reaction of at least one diol D, in particular a polyoxypropylene diol, with at least one diisocyanate and a (meth)acrylic acid ester containing hydroxyl groups, - diol D is reacted with a diisocyanate, in particular isophorone diisocyanate, present in stoichiometric excess, The resulting isocyanate-terminated polyurethane is reacted with a (meth)acrylic acid ester containing hydroxyl groups, in particular with a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, preferably with hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), to give an elastomer C of formula (I).

[0063] One particularly preferred embodiment of liquid K1 comprises tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA) as monomer A, lauryltetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and / or stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) monomers as monomer B, in particular without further monomers, and polyurethane (meth)acrylate as elastomer C.

[0064] Another particularly preferred embodiment of liquid K1 comprises glycerol formal methacrylate (GLYFOMA) as monomer A, lauryl tetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and / or stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) as monomer B, in particular without further monomers, and polyurethane (meth)acrylate as elastomer C.

[0065] A further particularly preferred embodiment of liquid K1 comprises hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as monomer A, lauryl tetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and / or stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) as monomer B, in particular without further monomers, and polyurethane (meth)acrylate as elastomer C.

[0066] A further particularly preferred embodiment of liquid K1 comprises benzyl methacrylate (BNMA) as monomer A, lauryl tetradecyl methacrylate (LATEMA) and / or stearyl methacrylate (STEMA) as monomer B, in particular without further monomers, and polyurethane (meth)acrylate as elastomer C.

[0067] The adhesive preferably contains from 0.5% to 5% by weight, based on liquid K1, of adhesion promoters, in particular organosilanes and / or metal (meth)acrylates or compounds of the formula (II) [ka] (meth)acrylates are additionally contained in liquid K1.

[0068] In this structure, the group R' is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, n has a value of 1 to 15, especially 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, m has a value of 1 to 3, and p has a value of 3-m.

[0069] Preferred metal (meth)acrylates are calcium, magnesium, or zinc metal (meth)acrylates having hydroxyl groups and / or (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylate as ligands or anions. Particularly preferred metal (meth)acrylates are zinc (meth)acrylate, calcium (meth)acrylate, Zn(OH) (meth)acrylate, and magnesium (meth)acrylate.

[0070] Preferred (meth)acrylates of formula (II) are 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate, bis(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) phosphate, and tris(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) phosphate, and mixtures thereof.

[0071] Preferred organosilanes are epoxy-functional silanes, especially 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0072] Adhesion promoters are used to improve adhesion to certain substrates. The use of phosphorus-containing (meth)acrylates of formula (II) is particularly advantageous for metal surfaces (aluminum, anodized aluminum, etc.).

[0073] Organosilanes improve adhesion to glass and ceramic surfaces.

[0074] Metal (meth)acrylates are also advantageous for bonding to, for example, metal surfaces.

[0075] Mixtures of different adhesion promoters may, of course, also be used.

[0076] The proportion of adhesion promoters which may optionally be present in liquid K1 is preferably 1% to 3%, based on liquid K1.

[0077] Furthermore, the adhesive may preferably additionally comprise at least one core-shell polymer in liquid K1. The core-shell polymer consists of an elastic core polymer (core) and a rigid shell polymer (shell). Particularly suitable core-shell polymers consist of a rigid shell of a rigid thermoplastic polymer grafted onto a core of a crosslinked elastic acrylate or butadiene polymer. Particularly suitable core-shell polymers are those that swell in monomer A and / or comonomer B but do not dissolve therein.

[0078] Preferred core-shell polymers are the so-called MBS polymers, which are commercially available, for example, under the trade name Clearstrength® from Arkema Inc., USA or Paraloid® from Rohm and Haas, USA. The core-shell polymers are preferably used in an amount of 0.01% to 30% by weight, in particular 5% to 20% by weight, based on liquid K1.

[0079] Furthermore, the two-component adhesive in liquid K1 preferably additionally contains at least one activator for free radical curing, also known as a catalyst. The activator is, in particular, a tertiary amine, a transition metal salt, or a transition metal complex. Examples of such suitable tertiary amines are N,N-dimethylaniline, N,N-diethylaniline, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, N,N-diethyl-p-toluidine, N-methyl-N-hydroxyethyl-p-toluidine, N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-toluidine, and alkoxylated N,N-bis(hydroxyethyl)-p-toluidine, N-ethoxylated p-toluidine, N-alkylmorpholines, and mixtures thereof. Transition metal salts and complexes are, for example, salts and complexes of cobalt, nickel, copper, manganese, or vanadium. Mixtures of such substances can also be used as activators. The most preferred activator is N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-toluidine.

[0080] The activators are preferably employed in an amount of 0.01% to 2.5%, in particular 0.5% to 2.5% by weight, based on liquid K1.

[0081] The two-component adhesive in part K1 preferably additionally contains an inhibitor for free-radical curing, selected from substances that slightly delay or reduce the free-radical curing mechanism or inhibit undesired curing reactions (for example mechanisms induced by UV light or atmospheric oxygen), resulting in improved storage stability and / or a more controlled and more uniform cure.

[0082] It is preferred if liquid K1 contains from 0.001% to 0.5% by weight, based on liquid K1, of at least one inhibitor for free-radical curing, in particular an alkylated phenol, preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.

[0083] Furthermore, liquid K1 may preferably additionally contain at least one filler. Particularly suitable fillers are natural, ground, or precipitated calcium carbonate (chalk), which may optionally be coated with fatty acids, in particular stearates, montmorillonite, bentonite, barium sulfate (BaSO4, also known as barite or barite), calcined kaolin, ground quartz, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, silica, in particular fumed silica, modified castor oil derivatives, and polymer powders or fibers. Calcium carbonate is preferred, and coated calcium carbonate is most preferred.

[0084] The fillers are typically employed in an amount of 0.01% to 35% by weight, in particular 5% to 30%, preferably 15% to 25%, based on liquid K1.

[0085] The second part K2 of the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive comprises at least one initiator for free-radical curing. An initiator is a free-radical former which forms reactive free radicals and thus starts the free-radical curing mechanism of the monomers in part K1.

[0086] Molecules suitable as such free radical formers are in particular those which form free radicals under the influence of heat or electromagnetic radiation, which then bring about polymerization of the composition.

[0087] Free radical formers include, among others, thermally activatable free radical formers and photoinitiators.

[0088] Preferred thermally activatable free radical formers are in particular those which remain sufficiently stable at room temperature but which form radicals even at slightly elevated temperatures. Such free radical formers are in particular peroxides, peresters, or hydroperoxides. Preference is given to organic peroxides. Benzoyl peroxide is most preferred.

[0089] Photoinitiators refer to free radical-forming agents that form free radicals under the influence of electromagnetic radiation. Particularly suitable photoinitiators are liquid at room temperature and form free radicals when irradiated with electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 230 nm to 400 nm. The photoinitiator is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of α-hydroxyketones, phenylglyoxylates, monoacylphosphines, diacylphosphines, 1-phosphine oxides, and mixtures thereof, in particular hydroxycyclohexylphenylketones, benzophenones, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropanone, methylphenylglyoxylates, oxyphenylacetic acid 2-[2-oxo-2-phenyl-acetoxyethoxy]ethyl esters, oxyphenylacetic acid 2-[2-hydroxyethoxy]ethyl esters, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxides, phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxides, and mixtures thereof. Such photoinitiators are commercially available, for example, from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Switzerland, in their IRGACURE® and DAROCUR® product lines. Mixtures of photoinitiators may also be used.

[0090] Part K2 of the two-component adhesive preferably contains 5% to 75% by weight, based on part K2, of at least one initiator for free-radical curing, which initiator is in particular a heat-activatable free-radical former, preferably a peroxide, hydroperoxide or perester, most preferably dibenzoyl peroxide, or the initiator is a photoinitiator, in particular a photoinitiator which forms free radicals when irradiated with electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength between 230 nm and 400 nm.

[0091] The initiator in liquid K2 is most preferably dibenzoyl peroxide, which is preferably dispersed in a plasticizer.

[0092] Part K2 of the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive preferably additionally comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of plasticizers, fillers, thixotropic additives and pigments, in particular all of these additives.

[0093] Suitable plasticizers include all non-reactive materials that are liquid at room temperature that are typically utilized in this role in (meth)acrylate compositions.

[0094] Suitable fillers include, for example, the same fillers as those described in liquid K1.

[0095] Suitable colorants include non-reactive organic dyes and pigments.

[0096] Suitable thixotropic additives are all such additives typically used in (meth)acrylate compositions.

[0097] The described adhesives may optionally additionally contain additional components in one or both parts, including impact modifiers, dyes, pigments, inhibitors, UV and heat stabilizers, metal oxides, antistatic agents, flame retardants, biocides, plasticizers, waxes, leveling agents, adhesion promoters, thixotropic agents, spacers, and further ingredients and additives known to those skilled in the art.

[0098] The first binder is a two-component (meth)acrylate composition, the two components K1 and K2 of which are stored separately from each other until application. The first component K1 contains, in particular, the components of the described composition that have free-radically polymerizable groups. The second component K2 contains, in particular, a free-radical former, also known as an initiator. Furthermore, the two-component composition also allows for the separate storage of other components, especially those that may react with each other and thereby adversely affect the storage stability of the composition.

[0099] Typically, in such two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives, part K1 contains the components monomers, elastomers, core-shell polymers, catalysts, adhesion promoters, pigments, and fillers, and part K2 contains the components free-radical initiators, pigments, and fillers. The mixing ratio of K1 to K2 is in particular in the range of 1:1 to 10:1.

[0100] The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive utilized as the first bonding agent described above possesses high strength and stiffness as well as sufficiently high elasticity over a very wide temperature range covering the application area of ​​insulating glass panes. At room temperature, it possesses high elasticity and simultaneously sufficient strength and stiffness to stabilize the composite element, for example, against tensile stresses and wind loads, without the need for additional reinforcing structures. Furthermore, it remains sufficiently elastic even at very low temperatures, for example, down to -20°C, surpassing conventional (meth)acrylate adhesives in this respect. Furthermore, two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives can be formulated without volatile, malodorous monomers such as methyl methacrylate (MMA). The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive used according to the present invention has an elongation at break value, measured in accordance with DIN EN 53504, of at least 100%, preferably at least 150%, and in particular at least 200% or more at room temperature (23°C). At the same time, the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives used according to the present invention have elongation at break values ​​of at least 20%, preferably at least 25%, and in particular at least 30% or more at a temperature of -20°C, which represents a significant improvement compared to typical two-component (meth)acrylate adhesives of the prior art.

[0101] The second binder preferably is or comprises at least in part polyisobutylene (PIB).

[0102] In some embodiments, the second binder can also be comprised in part or in whole of the same material as the first binder, i.e., the two-part (meth)acrylate adhesive just described. This can be the exact same adhesive as the first binder, or it can be a different embodiment of the two-part (meth)acrylate adhesive described for the first binder.

[0103] Composite elements of the present invention having a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive configured according to the present invention as a first binder have the particular advantage of being able to achieve a particularly shear-resistant structure. By using such an adhesive as a first binder, significantly higher stiffness can be achieved in the composite element, while at the same time using less material compared to conventional adhesives such as silicones. Furthermore, the binder also exhibits improved low-temperature stability compared to prior art (meth)acrylate adhesives.

[0104] Generally, the stiffer the adhesive, the more shear-resistant the composite, but the higher the tensile stresses in the glass and bond. High tensile stresses can lead to fracture of the glass and adhesive. Tensile stresses here can arise due to differences in thermal expansion of the glass and spacer, the weight of the glass, and live loads such as wind pressure, suction, and handling forces.

[0105] Therefore, for an optimal composite, it is particularly important to select the stiffness of the adhesive so that the tensile stresses transferred to the glass and adhesive can still be tolerated. The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive constructed and used according to the present invention has particularly advantageous properties in this regard, since it has the necessary stiffness even at very low temperatures, but also sufficient elasticity to be able to absorb and transfer tensile forces. At the same time, it has other mechanical properties necessary for its use as a first bonding agent in the context of the present invention. Therefore, important technical values ​​are, for example, the shear modulus of the adhesive, which is also temperature-dependent, as well as its tensile strength and adhesive strength. Furthermore, the coefficient of expansion between the glass and the spacer, the temperature difference between pane production and use, the wind load as a function of glass surface area, the glass thickness and its own weight as a function of glass surface area, and the tensile stresses resulting from installation and use must also be taken into account. This type of structural glass bonding can, for example, achieve no damage, particularly to the glazing, and reduce the risk of glass shattering.

[0106] It is further conceivable that the first and / or second bonding surface is at least partially formed as a recess, in particular formed as a recess configured to be recessed relative to the third and / or fourth bonding surface, in particular recessed relative to the support surface of the first or second pane element.

[0107] The recess can be, for example, a joint gap or a step recess. The smaller the joint gap height, the more shear-resistant the composite is. However, as the joint gap height decreases, the tension in the adhesive and the glass increases. Therefore, the calculation is non-linear. The corner region is particularly critical because this is where the maximum tensile stress can occur. At the same time, the joint gap width plays a relatively minor role in the shear-resistant composite. The tension in the adhesive and the glass can be controlled by the dimension of the joint gap width. Here, the larger the surface area (resulting from the joint gap width and the perimeter), the smaller the tension in the adhesive joint and between the adhesive and the glass.

[0108] Greater rigidity of the composite element is particularly advantageous, for example, when deformation due to wind loads can occur when using the composite element as an insulating glass pane. This can occur, for example, in a two-part window in the divide area or in a facade in the non-supported area. Here, for example, it may be necessary to provide static support in the central area, which has previously been done in the prior art via a larger frame cross-section or an additional reinforcing structure in the frame profile. The criterion for assessing the deformation must satisfy the condition <l / 200. Here, l is the length of the glass edge. In the shear-resistant composite glass or its advantageous embodiment of the building according to the invention having a composite element, the additional reinforcing structure that was previously required can be made partially or entirely unnecessary, and / or the frame cross-section can be reduced or a larger production can be achieved with the same frame cross-section and reinforcing structure. As a result, in some cases, considerable material savings are achieved while at the same time becoming visually attractive.

[0109] It should be noted that the larger the space between the panes, the more rigid the glass becomes. The calculation is non-linear here, and the distance is included in the calculation to the third power.

[0110] Furthermore, it is possible for the profile element to have a base body with a box-like cross section. The base body may form a box-like cross-sectional shape, for example, via a base body with an essentially rectangular or square cross section. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the base body is at least partially hollow on its inside or has and / or forms a cavity, which may, for example, be at least partially transparent and / or perforated and which may also be at least partially filled with a moisture-absorbing material. Furthermore, the cavity may be coated, at least on the side opposite the space between the glass panes, with a metal foil or a metal foil integrated into the matrix, thereby increasing the impermeability to water and gas diffusion and thus extending the service life of the multi-pane insulating glass (MIG).

[0111] The base body may have an integrally formed first side bar and / or a second side bar, at least one side wall of the first side bar at least partially forming the first bonding surface and / or at least one side wall of the second side bar at least partially forming the first bonding surface.

[0112] Furthermore, it may be the case that the first and second pane elements are at least partially made of glass, and the profile element is at least partially made of a glass-fiber reinforced material, in particular at least partially made of a glass-fiber composite material, preferably at least partially made of a glass-fiber reinforced plastic. This has the advantage that both pane element and profile element have essentially identical thermal expansion coefficients. This in turn has the related advantage that thermally induced tensile stresses can be minimized.

[0113] Furthermore, the invention relates to an insulating glass pane having the features of claim 10. According to said claim, the insulating glass pane comprises at least one composite element according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0114] Furthermore, the invention relates to a profile element having the features of claim 11. According to said claim, the profile element is formed with the profile element features according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0115] Furthermore, the invention relates to a window having the features of claim 12. According to said claim, the window comprises at least one composite element according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10 and / or at least one profile element according to claim 11.

[0116] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a door having the features of claim 13, according to which the door comprises at least one composite element according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10 and / or at least one profile element according to claim 11.

[0117] Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for producing a composite element having the features of claim 14. According to the claims, to produce the composite element, in particular a composite element for insulating glass panes, at least one first pane element and at least one second pane element and also at least one first profile element are connected together by gluing, the profile elements having at least one first bonding surface and / or at least one second bonding surface, the first and / or second bonding surface being provided and configured for applying and / or accommodating a first bonding agent, adjacent to the first bonding surface there is a third bonding surface for applying and / or accommodating a second bonding agent, and / or adjacent to the second bonding surface there is a fourth bonding surface for applying and / or accommodating a second bonding agent, and the first pane element and the second pane element are connected with the profile element and the first bonding agent and optionally the second bonding agent, the composite element having the features of any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0118] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process for producing an insulating glass pane having the features of claim 15. According to said claim, at least one composite element according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or a composite element obtainable by the process according to claim 14 is used to produce the insulating glass pane.

[0119] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which only elements essential for a direct understanding of the invention are shown. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0120] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of an insulating pane according to the present invention; [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of an insulating pane according to the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0121] 1 and 2 show two embodiments of an insulating glass pane 100 having at least one composite element 10 formed by pane elements 20 and 22 and a profile element 30. In the embodiment shown in FIG.

[0122] In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the insulating glass pane 100 includes a third pane element 24 and an additional profile element 30 connecting the third pane element 24 to pane element 22. In these embodiments, the two profile elements 30 are identical in construction within the individual embodiments, but differ between the two embodiments. In addition to the box-shaped cross-section base body 36, the embodiment of FIG. 1 includes a first side bar 38 and a second side bar 39, which will be described in further detail below. The embodiment of FIG. 2 simply has a box-shaped cross-section base body 36. The embodiment of FIG. 1 can also be configured such that the first side bar 38 and the second side bar 39 are mounted on the base body 36.

[0123] In all embodiments, it is contemplated that the spaces between the pane elements 20, 22, 24 are filled with a gas, which can be, for example, argon.

[0124] The second and third pane elements 22, 24, together with the further profile element present therebetween, form a further composite element 10' that is essentially identical to the first composite element 10, as will now be described in detail hereinafter.

[0125] The composite element includes a first pane element 20 and a second pane element 22 as well as a first profile element / spacer 30. The profile element 30 has a first bonding surface 32 and a second bonding surface 33, the first and second bonding surfaces 32, 33 being provided to apply and accommodate a first bonding agent 40.

[0126] The first bonding agent 40, in all embodiments, is a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive as defined in claim 1, such as composition E1, as described further below. Calculations and experiments with the inventive embodiment of the two-component adhesive shown in Figures 1 and 2 and described further below show that it is possible to achieve an approximately ten-fold increase in stiffness compared to conventional constructions without a (meth)acrylate adhesive. At the same time, the bond achieves significantly higher low-temperature elasticity and therefore stress-crush resistance than prior art constructions based on conventional (meth)acrylate adhesives.

[0127] The first and second bonding surfaces 32,33 are formed as recesses configured to be recessed relative to the third and / or fourth bonding surfaces 34,35 relative to the support surface of the first or second pane element 20,22.

[0128] The recess here is a joint gap or step recess. The smaller the joint gap height x, the more shear-resistant the composite. However, as the joint gap height x decreases, the tension in the adhesive and glass increases. Therefore, the calculation is nonlinear. The corner regions are particularly critical because this is where the highest tensile stresses can occur. At the same time, the joint gap width y plays a relatively minor role in shear-resistant composites. The dimension of the joint gap width y allows for control of the tension in the adhesive and glass. Here, the larger the surface area (arising from the joint gap width and perimeter), the smaller the tension in the adhesive joint and between the adhesive 40 and the glass of the pane elements 20, 22.

[0129] Adjacent to the first binding surface 32 is a third binding surface 34 for applying and / or receiving a second binding agent 50, and adjacent to the second binding surface 33 is a fourth binding surface 35 for applying and / or receiving a second binding agent 50.

[0130] In both embodiments shown, the first pane element 20 and the second pane element 22 are connected using a profile element 30 and a first bonding agent 40 and a second bonding agent 50, in this case polyisobutylene (PIB).

[0131] In both the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2, the profile element 30 has a base body 36 of box-like cross section, which is at least partially hollow on its inside and has a cavity 37. The cavity 37 is at least partially permeable and perforated and is filled with a hygroscopic material, which allows the absorption of moisture.

[0132] 1 has integrally formed first and second side bars 38, 39 on the base body 36, with the side walls of the first side bar 38 at least partially defining the first bonding surface 32 and the side walls of the second side bar 39 at least partially defining the second bonding surface 33. However, embodiments in which the first and second side bars 38, 39 are mounted on the base body 36 are also possible.

[0133] In the case of embodiments having a first side bar 38 and a second side bar 39, it is additionally possible to at least partially configure the side bars to have a degree of movement, thereby compensating for tension forces that may occur when the pressure difference between the gas pressure and the air pressure in the space between the pane elements 20, 22, 24 is high. This allows for achieving additional stability. Such movement can be achieved, for example, by each side bar having a thinner wall thickness in at least one location, which allows for control of reversible bendability. It is also possible to partially manufacture each side bar from a softer, more elastic material to achieve bendability in this material region.

[0134] In the two embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2, the first pane element 20 and the second pane element 22 (and also the third pane element 24) are in each case at least partially made of glass, and the profile element 30 is likewise made of glass-fiber reinforced plastic. [Example]

[0135] First Binder Embodiment Described below is an embodiment of a two-part (meth)acrylate adhesive for the first bonding agent, the production of which is disclosed and key properties are demonstrated.

[0136] [Table 1]

[0137] [Table 2]

[0138] Formation of Elastomer C Elastomer C1 was prepared as follows: 849 g of polyoxypropylene diol (Acclaim® 4200N, Bayer MaterialScience, OH number 28.5 KOH / g) and 101 g of 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (=isophorone diisocyanate or IPDI, Desmodur® I, Bayer MaterialScience) were reacted at 60° C. to give an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane polymer with a content of free isocyanate groups of 1.88 wt %, as determined by titration. 10 g of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was then added, which reacted with the free isocyanate groups to give Elastomer C1 (I).

[0139] Preparation of the composition The following compositions were produced: For the liquid K1 tested in each case, the components specified in Tables 2 and 3 in the amounts specified were mixed and incorporated into a dissolver at a temperature below 80° C. until a macroscopically homogeneous paste was obtained.

[0140] For liquid K2, 46.5% by weight of dibenzoyl peroxide in plasticizer (20%), 50% by weight of chalk, 3% by weight of thixotropic agent, and 0.5% by weight of pigment were mixed in a dissolver. In all experiments, this liquid K2 was used immediately together with the respective liquid K1 from Tables 2 and 3.

[0141] The resulting solutions K1 and K2 were transferred to separate chambers of a coaxial cartridge and utilized in a K1:K2 ratio of 10:1 when in use.

[0142] Additionally, another prior art commercially available two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive, SikaFast®-5211 (Sika Switzerland), was also tested as a comparison.

[0143] Test method description The tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (elong.) were determined in accordance with DIN EN 53504 (tensile test speed: 200 mm / min) on films with a layer thickness of 2 mm cured for 7 days under standard climatic conditions (23±1°C, 50±5% relative humidity). Measurements were first carried out on test specimens stored at room temperature of 23°C ("RT") and additionally on test specimens of the exact same composition stored at -20°C for 24 h after curing, directly from the cold room ("-20").

[0144] The elongation at break is a direct measure of the elasticity of the measured sample. Samples that exhibit an elongation at break of at least 100% in the "RT" measurement and at the same time an elongation at break of at least 20% in the "-20" measurement are considered suitable as the first binder of the present invention. The results of the elongation at break measurements are summarized in Table 4.

[0145] [Table 3]

[0146] [Table 4]

[0147] [Table 5]

[0148] The (meth)acrylate adhesive SikaFast®-5211 from the prior art (in particular WO 2014 / 184256 A1) was tested in exactly the same way and the following results were achieved:

[0149] [Table 6]

[0150] The results in Table 4 show that only the two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive under the claimed conditions for monomers A and B provides sufficient elasticity at room temperature and at the same time sufficient low-temperature elasticity to be suitable as a first binder of the present invention. The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive of the present invention also shows significantly better elasticity at low temperatures than the prior art (meth)acrylate adhesive SikaFast®-5211. [Explanation of symbols]

[0151] 10 Composite Elements 10' Composite Element 20 First Pane Element 22 Second Pane Element 24 Third Pain Element 30 Profile Elements 32 First Binding Surface 33 Secondary Binding Surface 34 Third Binding Surface 35 Fourth Binding Surface 36 Base Body 37 Cavity 38 First Sidebar 39 Second Sidebar 40 First binder 50 Second binder 100 Insulating Glass Pane x joint gap height y Joint gap width

Claims

1. A composite element (10), in particular a composite element (10) for insulating glass panes, comprising at least a first pane element (20) and at least one second pane element (22), and also at least one first profile element (30), said profile element (30) having at least one first bonding surface (32) and / or at least one second bonding surface (33), said first and / or said second bonding surface (32, 33) being provided and configured to apply and / or receive a first bonding agent (40), a third bonding surface (34) is present adjacent to the first bonding surface (32) for applying and / or receiving a second bonding agent (50), and / or a fourth bonding surface (35) is present adjacent to the second bonding surface (33) for applying and / or receiving a second bonding agent (50); the first pane element (20) and the second pane element (22) are connectable or connected by the profile element (30) and the first bonding agent (40) and / or the second bonding agent (50), and the first bonding agent (40) is a two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive; The two-component (meth)acrylate adhesive is Liquid K1, a) Formula (IIIa) 【Chemistry 1】 (In the formula, R １ is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group, R ２ is either a linear or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or a group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms containing either a phenyl group or an aliphatic 5- or 6-membered ring having at least one ether oxygen in the ring structure. at least one monomer A of the formula b) Formula (IIIb) 【Chemistry 2】 (In the formula, R ３ is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a methyl group, R ４ is a linear alkyl group having more than 12 carbon atoms in the chain, preferably at most 20 carbon atoms in the chain), at least one monomer B of the formula c) preferably 10% to 20% by weight, based on liquid K1, of the formula (I) 【Transformation 3】 wherein R is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X is a polymeric polyol after removal of two OH groups, Y is O or NR″, where R″ is a hydrocarbon group or a hydrogen atom, preferably a hydrogen atom. at least one elastomer C of the formula d) preferably at least one additive selected from the group consisting of core-shell polymers, free radical cure activators, free radical cure inhibitors, fillers, and adhesion promoters; Including, liquid K1 contains from 25% to 75% by weight, preferably from 40% to 60% by weight, of a mixture of monomers A and B, based on liquid K1; Liquid K1, in which the mass ratio of monomer A to monomer B in liquid K1 is 1:1 to 9:1, preferably 6:4 to 8:2; a liquid K2 comprising at least one initiator for free-radical curing, A composite element (10) comprising:

2. R ２ is a hydroxyethyl group or a benzyl group, or a group represented by formula (IV) 【Chemistry 4】 (The dashed lines in formula (IV) represent oxygen atoms and R ２ (represents the bond between 2. A composite element (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is at least one of the groups (IVa) to (IVc) in the formula:

3. the elastomer C is a polyurethane (meth)acrylate, in particular one which can be obtained by reacting at least one diol D, in particular a polyoxypropylene diol, with at least one diisocyanate and a (meth)acrylic acid ester containing hydroxyl groups, said diol D is reacted with a diisocyanate, in particular isophorone diisocyanate, present in stoichiometric excess, the resulting isocyanate-terminated polyurethane is reacted with a (meth)acrylic acid ester containing hydroxyl groups, in particular with a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, preferably with hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), to give an elastomer C of formula (I). A composite element (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

4. A composite element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said second binder (50) is and / or comprises at least partly polyisobutylene (PIB).

5. A composite element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first and / or the second bonding surface (32, 33) is at least partially formed as a recess, in particular formed as a recess configured to be recessed relative to the third and / or fourth bonding surface (34, 35), in particular to be recessed relative to a support surface of the first or second pane element (20, 22).

6. Composite element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the profile element (30) has a base body (36) of box-shaped cross section.

7. 7. A composite element (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the base body (36) is at least partially hollow inside or has and / or forms a cavity (37), which is, for example, at least partially permeable and / or perforated, and which is also, for example, at least partially filled with a hygroscopic material.

8. 8. A composite element (10) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the base body (36) has integrally formed first and / or second side bars (38, 39), at least one side wall of the first side bar (38) at least partially forming the first bonding surface (32) and / or at least one side wall of the second side bar (39) at least partially forming the second bonding surface (33).

9. 9. A composite element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first pane element (20) and the second pane element (22) are at least partially made of glass and the profile element (30) is at least partially made of a glass fibre reinforced material, in particular at least partially made of a glass fibre composite material, preferably at least partially made of glass fibre reinforced plastic.

10. An insulating glass pane (100) comprising at least one composite element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A window comprising at least one composite element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10.

12. A door comprising at least one composite element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and / or at least one insulating glass pane according to claim 10.

13. A method for producing a composite element (10), in particular a composite element (10) for insulating glass panes, in which at least one first pane element (20) and at least one second pane element (22), and also at least one first profile element (30), are connected together by gluing, said profile elements (30) having at least one first bonding surface (32) and / or at least one second bonding surface (33), said first and / or said second bonding surface (32, 33) being bonded with a first bonding agent (40). a third bonding surface (34) adjacent to the first bonding surface (32) for applying and / or receiving a second bonding agent (50), and / or a fourth bonding surface (35) adjacent to the second bonding surface (33) for applying and / or receiving a second bonding agent (50); the first pane element (20) and the second pane element (22) are connected by the profile element (30) and the first bonding agent (40) and optionally the second bonding agent (50); and the composite element (10) is A method of production having the features of any one of claims 1 to 9.

14. 14. A method for producing an insulating glass pane (100), in which at least one composite element according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or a composite element (10) obtainable by the method according to claim 13 is used.

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