Heat exchanger, incineration facility, and melting facility

Abstract

To provide a heat exchanger, an incineration facility, and a melting facility capable of suppressing residence of exhaust gas.SOLUTION: The heat exchanger includes a heat exchange part 21 for making exhaust gas flow downward and performing heat exchange between the exhaust gas and another medium via a heat transfer part, and a heat transfer part 22 connected to a lower part of the heat exchange part 21 and formed so that a cross-sectional area of an internal space in a plan view becomes smaller downward. The exhaust gas treatment device includes a funnel part 23 capable of discharging the exhaust gas from an opening part 23b formed on a sidewall partitioning the internal space, and a straightening plate 25 for straightening the exhaust gas so as to circulate the exhaust gas toward a second sidewall 23b opposed to a first sidewall 23a on which the opening part 23c is formed among sidewalls of the funnel part 23.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technology of heat exchangers, incineration facilities and melting facilities. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, there is known a technology for a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between exhaust gas and another medium, as described in Patent Document 1, for example.

[0003] Patent Document 1 describes a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator and air using heat transfer tubes. The heat exchanger includes an inner cylinder in which heat transfer tubes are provided in the internal space. An upper header and a lower header are provided above and below the inner cylinder, to which exhaust gas ducts through which the exhaust gas flows are connected. Exhaust gas from the incinerator is supplied to the heat exchanger through the exhaust gas duct in the upper header, passes through the heat transfer tubes in the inner cylinder, and is introduced into the lower header. The exhaust gas introduced into the lower header is discharged from the exhaust gas duct through an opening formed in the middle of the lower header in the vertical direction.

[0004] In the lower header described above, for example, a portion where the exhaust gas tends to stagnate may be formed on the bottom side of the lower header (below the opening). In this case, fly ash contained in the exhaust gas may accumulate in the portion. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-141011 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] One aspect of the present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances, and the problem it aims to solve is to provide a heat exchanger, an incineration facility, and a melting facility that can suppress the accumulation of exhaust gas. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above, and the means for solving this problem will now be described.

[0008] A heat exchanger according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a heat exchange section that circulates exhaust gas downward and exchanges heat between the exhaust gas and another medium via a heat transfer section; a hopper section that is connected to the lower part of the heat exchange section and is formed so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal space in a plan view decreases as it goes downward and that can discharge the exhaust gas from an opening formed in a side wall that partitions the internal space; and a straightening plate that straightens the exhaust gas so that the exhaust gas flows toward a second side wall of the hopper section that faces the first side wall in which the opening is formed. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of exhaust gas.

[0009] The straightening plate according to one aspect of the present disclosure covers the entire opening when viewed horizontally from the second side wall side, and is capable of guiding the exhaust gas from below to the opening. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, exhaust gas can be suitably circulated even at the bottom side of the hopper section, where exhaust gas is relatively likely to stagnate.

[0010] The current plate according to one aspect of the present disclosure has a flat plate shape that slopes downward toward the second side wall. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the current plate can be formed in a relatively simple shape.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the straightening plate has a side edge portion connected to a third side wall of the hopper section that is different from the first side wall and the second side wall, and an upper edge portion connected to the first side wall of the hopper section or a side wall that is continuous with the first side wall of the hopper section and that defines the internal space of the heat exchange section. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the flow velocity of exhaust gas can be increased.

[0012] The hopper section in one embodiment of the present disclosure is formed in a quadrangular pyramid shape by the first side wall, the second side wall, and a pair of the third side walls, and the straightening plate has both side edge portions connected to the pair of the third side walls. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a straightening plate can be suitably provided for a hopper portion having a truncated quadrangular pyramid shape.

[0013] A straightening plate according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a first portion that slopes downward toward the second side wall and slopes at a first angle relative to the horizontal plane, and a second portion that extends from the lower end of the first portion and slopes at a second angle relative to the horizontal plane that is smaller than the angle of the first portion. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress an increase in pressure loss of exhaust gas and also to suppress accumulation of fly ash on the upper surface of the straightening plate.

[0014] A plurality of rectifying plates according to one aspect of the present disclosure are provided at intervals in the opposing direction of the first side wall and the second side wall. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the exhaust gas can be suitably circulated within the hopper section using a plurality of straightening plates, thereby preventing the exhaust gas from accumulating.

[0015] An incineration facility according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises an incineration section for incinerating materials to be treated and a heat exchanger as described in claim 1, and introduces the exhaust gas emitted as a result of incineration in the incineration section into the heat exchanger. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of exhaust gas from the incineration section.

[0016] A melting facility according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a melting section for melting a workpiece and the heat exchanger described in claim 1, and introduces the exhaust gas discharged in association with the melting in the melting section into the heat exchanger. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress the retention of exhaust gas from the fusion zone. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of exhaust gas. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] 1 is a block diagram showing an incineration facility equipped with a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a heat exchanger. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing a hopper portion. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing a hopper portion of a conventional heat exchanger. [Figure 5] FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing a hopper portion of a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing a hopper portion of a heat exchanger according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a melting facility with a heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] In the following description, the directions indicated by arrows U, D, F, and B in the drawings are defined as the upward direction, downward direction, forward direction, and backward direction, respectively.

[0020] First, an example of an incineration facility 1 equipped with a heat exchanger 20 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

[0021] The incineration facility 1 shown in Figure 1 incinerates materials to be treated and removes ash and other waste from the exhaust gas generated during incineration and releases it into the atmosphere. Various combustible garbage (waste) can be used as materials to be treated. The incineration facility 1 is installed in an appropriate waste treatment facility. The incineration facility 1 is equipped with an incinerator 10, a heat exchanger 20, a dust collector 30, a table feeder 40, an exhaust gas treatment device 50, an induction device 60, and a chimney 70.

[0022] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of each piece of equipment in an incineration facility 1. As shown in Figure 1, an incinerator 10, a heat exchanger 20, a dust collector 30, an exhaust gas treatment device 50, an induction device 60, and a chimney 70 are connected to one another by a flue 2, which is a passage for exhaust gas. In the illustration, the flue 2 is indicated by a thick line.

[0023] The incinerator 10 incinerates materials to be treated. Materials to be treated are fed into the incinerator 10 by a feeder 11 such as a crane or conveyor. Air is also supplied to the incinerator 10 for burning the materials to be treated. The incinerator 10 is equipped with a main combustion chamber (not shown) for burning the materials to be treated, and a secondary combustion chamber (not shown) for completely burning unburned gas and other materials that are not completely burned in the main combustion chamber. For example, a stoker furnace equipped with a stepped fire grate can be used as the incinerator 10. Exhaust gas generated during combustion in the incinerator 10 flows through the flue 2 toward the heat exchanger 20.

[0024] The heat exchanger 20 recovers the exhaust heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 10 by performing heat exchange with the exhaust gas. The heat recovered by the heat exchanger 20 can be used, for example, as a power source for a generator turbine or to preheat the combustion air supplied to the incinerator 10. A detailed description of the heat exchanger 20 will be given later. The temperature of the exhaust gas decreases as a result of the heat exchange in the heat exchanger 20. The exhaust gas passes through the flue 2 and flows toward the dust collector 30.

[0025] The dust collector 30 removes solid matter (fly ash) contained in the exhaust gas. A bag filter equipped with a filter body (filter cloth) that captures fly ash in the exhaust gas can be used as the dust collector 30. The exhaust gas from which the fly ash has been removed passes through the flue 2 and flows toward the exhaust gas treatment device 50.

[0026] The table feeder 40 discharges the fly ash removed by the dust collector 30. The table feeder 40 is provided at the lower end of the dust collector 30. The table feeder 40 has blades (not shown) that can rotate around a rotation axis whose axis is oriented in the vertical direction, and by rotating the blades, the fly ash can be discharged to the outside from a discharge port (not shown) provided on the bottom surface.

[0027] The exhaust gas treatment device 50 purifies the exhaust gas discharged from the dust collector 30. The exhaust gas treatment device 50 performs appropriate treatment on the exhaust gas so that it can be released into the atmosphere. The exhaust gas purified by the exhaust gas treatment device 50 passes through the flue 2 and flows to the induction device 60 side.

[0028] The induction device 60 induces the exhaust gas in the flue 2 to the chimney 70. An appropriate fan can be used as the induction device 60. The exhaust gas induced by the induction device 60 is released into the atmosphere via the chimney 70.

[0029] An example of the incineration facility 1 has been described above. The incineration facility 1 is not limited to the above example, and various devices can be added. For example, a steam superheater can be provided downstream of the heat exchanger 20 in the flue 2 as needed. Also, a chemical supply device capable of supplying a chemical (such as activated carbon or hydrated lime) capable of removing acidic components (such as chlorine) from the exhaust gas can be installed upstream of the dust collector 30. Also, although the above example shows an example in which one dust collector 30 is provided in the incineration facility 1, multiple dust collectors 30 may also be provided.

[0030] Furthermore, a gas cooler for cooling the exhaust gas discharged from the heat exchanger 20 may be installed, for example, upstream of the dust collector 30 in the flue 2. The gas cooler may be configured to cool the exhaust gas by spraying cooling water. Note that a component (e.g., caustic soda) capable of removing acidic gases in the exhaust gas may be added to the cooling water.

[0031] Next, the heat exchanger 20 according to this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to Figures 2 and 3. The heat exchanger 20 exchanges heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 10 and another medium (for example, water). The heat exchanger 20 includes a heat exchange section 21, a heat transfer section 22, a hopper section 23, an outlet pipe 24, and a straightening plate 25.

[0032] The heat exchanger 21 shown in Fig. 2 receives exhaust gas from the incinerator 10 and performs heat exchange using a heat transfer section 22, which will be described later. The heat exchanger 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape that is generally rectangular (quadrilateral) in cross section. The heat exchanger 21 is formed so that the introduced exhaust gas can flow through the internal space. The heat exchanger 21 has an upper section 21a and a lower section 21c.

[0033] The upper part 21a constitutes the upper part of the heat exchanger 21. The upper part 21a is formed in a generally U-shape, curved so that the upper side is convex. An opening 21b connected to the flue 2 is formed at the upstream end of the upper part 21a. The opening 21b opens downward. The exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 10 and passing through the flue 2 is introduced into the internal space of the heat exchanger 21 through the opening 21b.

[0034] The lower portion 21c constitutes the lower part of the heat exchange unit 21. The lower portion 21c is formed in a generally rectangular parallelepiped shape that is long in the vertical direction. The exhaust gas introduced through the opening 21b flows downward through the internal space of the lower portion 21c. The heat transfer unit 22, which will be described later, is provided in the internal space of the lower portion 21c.

[0035] The heat transfer section 22 exchanges heat between the exhaust gas and the medium (water). In FIG. 2, the heat transfer section 22 is shown shaded. The heat transfer section 22 is provided in the internal space of the lower section 21c. The illustration shows an example in which a plurality of (two) heat transfer sections 22 are provided, one above the other. A heat transfer tube in which water flows can be used as the heat transfer section 22. When the high-temperature exhaust gas introduced into the heat exchange section 21 passes through the internal space of the lower section 21c, heat exchange occurs between the high-temperature exhaust gas and the medium (water) of the heat transfer section 22.

[0036] By performing heat exchange using the heat transfer section 22, heat can be recovered from the exhaust gas and the recovered heat can be used for power generation, etc. Specifically, steam can be generated using the heat recovered from the exhaust gas using a boiler, and this steam can be used to rotate the turbine of a generator (not shown) to generate power. In addition, by using a preheater that preheats air using heat recovered from the exhaust gas, it is possible to preheat the combustion air to be supplied to the incinerator 10, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the incinerator 10.

[0037] The hopper section 23 shown in Figures 2 and 3 is capable of discharging exhaust gas that has passed through the heat exchange section 21. The hopper section 23 is formed in a hollow shape. The hopper section 23 has an open upper portion, and the open portion is connected to the lower end of the lower section 21c. The hopper section 23 is formed so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal space in a plan view gradually decreases downward. Specifically, the hopper section 23 is formed in a substantially quadrangular pyramid shape with the apex facing downward.

[0038] The interior space of the hopper section 23 is defined by approximately triangular side walls that form the sides of a quadrangular pyramid. The side walls include a first side wall 23a, a second side wall 23c, and a pair of third side walls 23d. The side walls are inclined downward so that they approach each other. The inclination angle of the side walls relative to the horizontal plane can be, for example, approximately 70°.

[0039] The first side wall 23a constitutes a side wall on the front side F of the hopper section 23. An opening 23b through which exhaust gas can be discharged is formed in the first side wall 23a. The opening 23b is formed in a substantially circular shape when viewed in the thickness direction (front-to-back direction FB) of the first side wall 23a. The opening 23b is formed in an upper portion of the first side wall 23a (a portion above the center in the up-down direction).

[0040] The second side wall 23c constitutes a side wall on the rear side B of the hopper section 23. The second side wall 23c is disposed opposite the first side wall 23a. The third side wall 23d constitutes a pair of side walls on both the left and right sides, L and R, of the hopper section 23.

[0041] In addition, a discharge device (not shown) such as a table feeder for discharging fly ash contained in the exhaust gas is provided at the lower end of the hopper section 23. This allows the fly ash accumulated at the bottom of the hopper section 23 to be discharged.

[0042] The outlet pipe 24 is for discharging the exhaust gas in the hopper section 23. The outlet pipe 24 is provided so as to communicate with the opening 23b. The outlet pipe 24 is connected to the dust collector 30 via the flue 2.

[0043] The straightening plate 25 shown in Fig. 3 straightens the exhaust gas flowing downward from the heat exchange unit 21 so that it flows toward the second side wall 23c. The straightening plate 25 is formed in a substantially flat plate shape. The straightening plate 25 is inclined downward toward (close to) the second side wall 23c. The inclination angle of the straightening plate 25 with respect to the horizontal plane is smaller than the inclination angle of each side wall.

[0044] The straightening plate 25 has an upper edge portion constituting an upper end connected (fixed) to the first side wall 23a. Note that instead of the above embodiment, the upper edge portion of the straightening plate 25 may be fixed to one of the side walls of the lower portion 21c of the heat exchanger 21 that is continuous with the first side wall 23a. Furthermore, the straightening plate 25 has side edge portions constituting both left and right ends connected (fixed) to a pair of third side walls 23d on the left and right, respectively. The straightening plate 25 can be fixed to each side wall by, for example, welding or the like.

[0045] The rectifying plate 25 is disposed so as to cover the entire opening 23b when viewed from the second side wall 23c side (rear side B). More specifically, the rectifying plate 25 is disposed so that its upper side is located above the upper end of the opening 23b and its lower side is located below the lower end of the opening 23b. The rectifying plate 25 is also disposed so that its lower side, which constitutes the lower end, is located closer to the first side wall 23a (forward side F) than the center of the internal space of the hopper section 23 in the front-to-rear direction FB. The rectifying plate 25 is also disposed so that its lower side is located approximately in the center of the internal space of the hopper section 23 in the up-down direction UD.

[0046] The above has described the details of the heat exchanger 20. According to the heat exchanger 20 as described above, it is possible to favorably circulate the exhaust gas in the hopper section 23, and it is possible to suppress the accumulation of the exhaust gas in the hopper section 23. Below, the effects of the heat exchanger 20 compared to the conventional heat exchanger 3 shown in Fig. 4 will be described.

[0047] First, a conventional heat exchanger 3 will be described with reference to Fig. 4. The heat exchanger 3 shown in Fig. 4 differs from the heat exchanger 20 according to this embodiment in that it is not provided with a flow straightening plate 25. Note that, of the conventional heat exchanger 3 shown in Fig. 4, parts that are common to the heat exchanger 20 according to this embodiment (see Fig. 3) are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the heat exchanger 20.

[0048] 4, in the heat exchanger 3, the flue gas introduced from the heat exchange section 21 into the hopper section 23 flows through a relatively easy flow path, such as the shortest path to the opening 23b. For this reason, in the heat exchanger 3, a region where the flow rate of the flue gas is relatively low is generated inside the hopper section 23, such as the bottom side of the hopper section 23 (below the opening 23b). In this region, the flue gas tends to stagnate, and the temperature drops, creating a situation where condensation is likely to occur, and fly ash contained in the flue gas tends to adhere (accumulate) on the side wall of the hopper section 23.

[0049] Next, the flow mode of exhaust gas in the heat exchanger 20 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 3. As shown in Fig. 3, exhaust gas flowing downward from the heat exchange section 21 to the hopper section 23 is rectified along the upper surface of the rectifying plate 25 so as to flow toward the second side wall 23c (rearward). In this embodiment, by providing the rectifying plate 25, the exhaust gas flow path formed by the rectifying plate 25 and each side wall (second side wall 23c and third side wall 23d) of the hopper section 23 gradually narrows. This allows the flow velocity of the exhaust gas to be increased.

[0050] The exhaust gas rectified by the rectifying plate 25 flows downward along the second side wall 23c and the third side wall 23d in the lower part of the hopper portion 23 (the part below the opening 23b), and then turns back at the bottom to flow upward along the first side wall 23a and the third side wall 23d. The exhaust gas flowing upward is guided along the lower surface of the rectifying plate 25 to the opening 23b, and then passes through the outlet piping 24 to be discharged.

[0051] By rectifying the exhaust gas flow as described above, the heat exchanger 20 according to this embodiment can circulate the exhaust gas to the bottom side of the hopper section 23 (below the opening 23b), where the exhaust gas was likely to stagnate and its temperature to drop in the conventional heat exchanger 3 (see FIG. 4). This prevents the exhaust gas from stagnating. Furthermore, the heat exchanger 20 can circulate the exhaust gas up to near the bottom of each side wall (e.g., the second side wall 23c) of the hopper section 23, making it easier for the exhaust gas to stir up fly ash adhering to the side wall. This prevents the fly ash from accumulating on the side wall of the hopper section 23. Furthermore, by circulating the exhaust gas as described above, the heat exchanger 20 can transfer heat from the exhaust gas to the bottom side of the hopper section 23, improving the heat retention of the heat exchanger 20 and preventing condensation.

[0052] Furthermore, according to the heat exchanger 20 of this embodiment, the flow velocity of the exhaust gas is increased by the straightening plate 25, so that the fly ash adhering to the side wall of the hopper portion 23 can be stirred up more effectively.

[0053] The heat exchanger 20 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above configuration and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims. For example, the shape and inclination angle of the straightening vane 25 are not limited to the above example. The shape and inclination angle of the straightening vane 25 can be appropriately modified taking into consideration the flow velocity and pressure loss of the flue gas flowing through the hopper section 23, suppression of fly ash deposition on the upper surface of the straightening vane 25, and the like.

[0054] The heat exchanger 20 may also have the configurations of other embodiments (second and third embodiments) described below. The other embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figures 5 and 6. In the following description of the other embodiments, differences from the first embodiment will be described, and descriptions of common configurations will be omitted as appropriate.

[0055] First, a heat exchanger 20A according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 5. The heat exchanger 20A differs from the first embodiment in the configuration of a rectifying plate 25A. The rectifying plate 25A is formed in a plate shape having a first portion 25a and a second portion 25b that have different inclination angles.

[0056] The first portion 25a is a portion that constitutes the upper side of the straightening plate 25A. The first portion 25a is formed so that the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane is larger than the inclination angle of each side wall. The upper edge of the first portion 25a is fixed to the side wall of the lower portion 21c of the heat exchanger 21. In the illustrated example, the lower end of the first portion 25a is formed to be positioned at the height of the opening 23b (a position that overlaps with the opening 23b when viewed from the second side wall 23c side).

[0057] The second portion 25b is a portion that constitutes the lower side (tip side portion) of the current plate 25A. The second portion 25b is formed so that the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane is smaller than the inclination angle of each side wall. In the illustrated example, the inclination angle of the second portion 25b is formed to be approximately the same as the inclination angle of the current plate 25 according to the first embodiment.

[0058] The heat exchanger 20A according to the second embodiment, similar to the heat exchanger 20 according to the first embodiment, can suppress the accumulation of flue gas in the hopper section 23 by rectifying the flue gas using the straightening plate 25A. Furthermore, the first portion 25a of the straightening plate 25A has a relatively large inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane, which suppresses an increase in pressure loss of the flue gas flowing through the hopper section 23 and also suppresses the accumulation of fly ash on the upper surface of the straightening plate 25A. Furthermore, the second portion 25b of the straightening plate 25A, which is the tip portion thereof, has a relatively small inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane, which facilitates the flow of flue gas toward the second side wall 23c. The connecting portion between the first portion 25a and the second portion 25b may have a shape in which the inclination angle changes continuously.

[0059] Next, a heat exchanger 20B according to a third embodiment will be described with reference to Figure 6. The heat exchanger 20B differs from the first embodiment in the configuration of the rectifying plate 25B. The rectifying plate 25B is formed in a generally flat plate shape that slopes downward so as to approach the second side wall 23c. The rectifying plate 25B is formed with an inclination angle relative to the horizontal plane that is generally the same as the inclination angle of each side wall. The upper edge of the rectifying plate 25B is not connected to the first side wall 23a of the hopper section 23, and is arranged so as to be spaced apart from the first side wall 23a. A plurality of rectifying plates 25B (three in the illustrated example) are provided at intervals in the front-to-rear direction FB.

[0060] The vertical dimension of each rectifying plate 25B increases toward the second side wall 23c. The lower edge of each rectifying plate 25B on the rearmost side B is located below the lower end of the opening 23b. That is, in this embodiment as well, the opening 23b is entirely covered by the rectifying plate 25B when viewed from the second side wall 23c.

[0061] In the heat exchanger 20B according to the third embodiment, similarly to the heat exchanger 20 according to the first embodiment, the flow of the exhaust gas is rectified by the rectifying plates 25B, thereby preventing the exhaust gas from stagnating in the hopper section 23. Furthermore, since the inclination angle of each heat exchanger 20B with respect to the horizontal plane is relatively large, it is possible to prevent an increase in pressure loss of the exhaust gas flowing through the hopper section 23 and to prevent fly ash from accumulating on the upper surfaces of the rectifying plates 25B.

[0062] In addition, in the above embodiment, an example in which the heat exchanger 20 is provided in the incineration facility 1 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to the above configuration. For example, as shown in Figure 7, the heat exchanger 20 can also be provided in the melting facility 1A. An example of a melting facility 1A equipped with the heat exchanger 20 will be described below.

[0063] The melting facility 1A shown in Figure 7 melts the materials to be treated and removes ash and other waste from the exhaust gases generated during the melting process, releasing it into the atmosphere. Incineration ash generated at an incineration facility can be used as the material to be treated. The melting facility 1A includes a melting furnace 10A, a heat exchanger 20, a dust collector 30, a table feeder 40, an exhaust gas treatment device 50, an induction device 60, and a chimney 70.

[0064] The melting facility 1A, with the exception of the melting furnace 10A, is generally configured in the same manner as the incineration facility 1. Therefore, in the following explanation of the melting facility 1A, differences from the incineration facility 1 will be explained, and explanations of the common components (heat exchanger 20, dust collector 30, table feeder 40, exhaust gas treatment device 50, induction device 60, and chimney 70) will be omitted as appropriate.

[0065] The melting furnace 10A melts the material to be treated using the heat generated by burning fuel to produce slag (molten slag). The material to be treated is fed into the melting furnace 10A by an appropriate feeder 11. The melting furnace 10A includes a main chamber (not shown) for melting the material to be treated, and a secondary combustion chamber (not shown) for completely combusting unburned gas and other substances generated in the main chamber. The slag produced in the melting furnace 10A is discharged by an appropriate exhaust device (not shown). In addition, exhaust gas generated during the melting process in the melting furnace 10A flows through a flue 2 toward the heat exchanger 20.

[0066] The heat exchanger 20 can exchange heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the melting furnace 10A and another medium. The heat exchanger 20 according to this embodiment can suppress the accumulation of exhaust gas in the hopper 23, even when installed in the melting facility 1A, just as when installed in the incineration facility 1.

[0067] An example of the melting facility 1A has been described above. The melting facility 1A is not limited to the above example, and various devices can be added. The melting facility 1A can also be combined with an incineration facility 1. In this way, fly ash generated at the incineration facility 1 can be melted at the melting facility 1A.

[0068] As described above, the heat exchangers 20 to 20B according to this embodiment have the following features: a heat exchange section 21 that allows exhaust gas to flow downward and exchanges heat between the exhaust gas and another medium via a heat transfer section; a hopper section 23 connected to a lower portion of the heat exchange section 21, formed so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal space in a plan view decreases downward, and capable of discharging the exhaust gas from an opening 23b formed in a side wall that partitions the internal space; Straightening plates 25 to 25B that straighten the exhaust gas so that the exhaust gas flows toward a second side wall 23c, which faces a first side wall 23a in which the opening 23b is formed, among the side walls of the hopper portion 23; It is equipped with the following.

[0069] This configuration can prevent the accumulation of exhaust gas. That is, by using the straightening plates 25-25B to direct the exhaust gas toward the second side wall 23c, which is the side wall opposite to the side where the opening 23b is formed, the exhaust gas can be favorably circulated within the hopper section 23, and the accumulation of exhaust gas can be prevented. As a result, even if fly ash adheres to a side wall (e.g., the second side wall 23c) of the hopper section 23, the straightened exhaust gas can stir up the fly ash adhering to the side wall, and the accumulation of the fly ash on the side wall of the hopper section 23 can be prevented.

[0070] In addition, the rectifying plates 25 and 25A are The filter covers the entire opening 23b when viewed horizontally from the second side wall 23c side, and is capable of guiding the exhaust gas to the opening 23b from below.

[0071] With this configuration, the exhaust gas can be suitably circulated even on the bottom side of the hopper portion 23 (below the opening 23b) where the exhaust gas is relatively likely to remain.

[0072] In addition, the rectifying plate 25 is The lower portion has a flat plate shape that slopes downward toward the second side wall 23c.

[0073] By configuring it in this way, the current plate 25 can be formed in a relatively simple shape.

[0074] In addition, the rectifying plate 25 is The side edge portion is connected to a third side wall 23d, which is different from the first side wall 23a and the second side wall 23c, among the side walls of the hopper portion 23, The upper side portion is connected to the first side wall 23a of the hopper portion 23 or to one of the side walls that partition the internal space of the heat exchange portion 21 and that is continuous with the first side wall 23a.

[0075] With this configuration, the flow velocity of the exhaust gas can be increased by narrowing the flow path of the exhaust gas formed by the straightening plates 25, 25A and the side walls (second side wall 23c and third side wall 23d) of the hopper section 23. As a result, even if fly ash adheres to the side walls of the hopper section 23, the straightened exhaust gas can stir up the fly ash adhering to the side walls, thereby preventing the fly ash from accumulating on the side walls of the hopper section 23.

[0076] In addition, the hopper section 23 is The first side wall 23a, the second side wall 23c, and the pair of third side walls 23d form a quadrangular pyramid shape, The rectifying plates 25 and 25A are: The side edges on both sides are connected to the pair of third side walls 23d.

[0077] With this configuration, the straightening plates 25, 25A can be suitably provided for the hopper portion 23 having a truncated quadrangular pyramid shape.

[0078] In addition, the rectifying plate 25A has As it goes downward, it is inclined toward the second side wall 23c side, a first portion 25a inclined at a first angle relative to a horizontal plane; a second portion 25b extending from a lower end of the first portion 25a and inclined at a second angle with respect to the horizontal plane that is smaller than the angle of the first portion 25a; It is equipped with the following.

[0079] This configuration can prevent the pressure loss of the exhaust gas flowing through the hopper section 23 from increasing in the first section 25a, and can also prevent the accumulation of fly ash on the upper surface of the straightening plate 25A (first section 25a). In addition, the second section 25b can facilitate the flow of the exhaust gas toward the second side wall 23c.

[0080] In addition, the rectifying plate 25B is A plurality of the recesses are provided at intervals in the opposing direction of the first side wall 23a and the second side wall 23c.

[0081] With this configuration, the exhaust gas can be suitably circulated within the hopper portion 23 using the plurality of flow straightening plates 25B, and the accumulation of the exhaust gas can be suppressed.

[0082] In addition, the incineration facility 1 according to this embodiment is an incinerator 10 (incinerator unit) for incinerating materials to be treated; Heat exchangers 20 to 20B according to this embodiment, Equipped with The exhaust gas discharged as a result of incineration in the incinerator 10 is introduced into the heat exchangers 20 to 20B.

[0083] By configuring in this way, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of exhaust gas from the incinerator 10.

[0084] In addition, the melting facility 1A according to this embodiment is a melting furnace 10A (melting section) for melting the workpiece; Heat exchangers 20 to 20B according to this embodiment, Equipped with The exhaust gas discharged as a result of melting in the melting furnace 10A is introduced into the heat exchangers 20 to 20B.

[0085] By configuring in this way, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of exhaust gas from the melting furnace 10A.

[0086] The incinerator 10 according to this embodiment is one embodiment of the incineration section according to the present invention. The melting furnace 10A according to this embodiment is one embodiment of the melting part according to the present invention.

[0087] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above configurations and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims. Furthermore, the specific numerical values ​​exemplified in the above description are merely examples and can be modified as desired. [Explanation of symbols]

[0088] 1. Incineration facility 10 Incinerator 20 Heat exchanger 30 Dust collector

Claims

1. a heat exchange section that allows exhaust gas to flow downward and exchanges heat between the exhaust gas and another medium via a heat transfer section; a hopper section connected to a lower portion of the heat exchange section, the hopper section being formed so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal space in a plan view decreases downward, and the hopper section being capable of discharging the exhaust gas from an opening formed in a side wall that partitions the internal space; a flow straightening plate that straightens the exhaust gas so as to cause the exhaust gas to flow toward a second side wall of the side walls of the hopper portion that faces a first side wall in which the opening is formed; and A heat exchanger comprising:

2. The rectifying plate is The opening is entirely covered when viewed horizontally from the second side wall side, and the exhaust gas can be guided to the opening from below. The heat exchanger of claim 1 .

3. The rectifying plate is It has a flat plate shape that slopes downward toward the second side wall. The heat exchanger of claim 1 .

4. The rectifying plate is the side edge portion is connected to a third side wall, which is different from the first side wall and the second side wall, among the side walls of the hopper portion; The upper side portion is connected to the first side wall of the hopper portion or a side wall that is continuous with the first side wall among the side walls that define the internal space of the heat exchange portion. A heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The hopper section includes: the first side wall, the second side wall, and the pair of third side walls form a quadrangular pyramid shape, The rectifying plate is The side edge portions on both sides are connected to a pair of the third side walls.

5. The heat exchanger according to claim 4.

6. The rectifying plate is The lower portion is inclined toward the second side wall, a first portion inclined at a first angle relative to a horizontal plane; a second portion extending from a lower end of the first portion and inclined at a second angle relative to the horizontal plane that is smaller than the angle of the first portion; Equipped with The heat exchanger of claim 1 .

7. The rectifying plate is a plurality of the first side wall and the second side wall are provided at intervals in an opposing direction of the first side wall and the second side wall; The heat exchanger of claim 1 .

8. an incineration unit that incinerates the object to be treated; The heat exchanger according to claim 1; Equipped with The exhaust gas discharged during incineration in the incineration section is introduced into the heat exchanger. Incineration facility.

9. a melting portion that melts the workpiece; The heat exchanger according to claim 1; Equipped with The exhaust gas discharged in association with the melting in the melting portion is introduced into the heat exchanger. Melting facility.

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