Long harvesting machine for coupling to a tractor

Abstract

To solve the problem that a digging blade body plowed into the bottom part of a long Chinese yam harvester compresses a cultivation soil block when sliding backward on the long Chinese yam harvester and the back pressure collapses earth and sand to break the Chinese yam in the case of high-speed work by a large-sized large horsepower tractor of 100 to 150 class which has been spread in recent years in a long Chinese yam harvester.SOLUTION: A mounting frame is connected to a rear part of a tractor by a three point link composed of a top link and right and left lower links, a machine frame body is connected to the mounting frame, and the machine frame body forms a digging blade body composed of a blade tip body, a digging plate, and a rear end vibrating plate connected to a vertical moving means. A long harvesting machine to be connected to a tractor, characterized in that support bars are connected to right and left sides of the harvesting machine, the harvesting machine is configured to be capable of being lifted and lowered by a three point link, a driving device that reciprocally vibrates in parallel is disposed on an obliquely provided digging plate, and a reciprocal pitch of a reciprocal vibration device attached to the digging plate is appropriately a distance of 3 mm to 7 mm SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a harvester that is connected to the rear of a tractor, plows the digging blade into the lower end of the yam, holds it together with the cultivated soil around the yam in a block shape, and lifts it upward. In particular, the present invention relates to a yam harvester that is connected to a tractor to reduce the back pressure and traction force of the tractor when the yam lifts the digging plate toward the ground. [Background technology]

[0002] Various types of yam harvesting devices have been proposed. Yam grows underground to a depth of about one meter, and during harvesting, the yam is prone to breaking and its outer surface is easily scratched. One example of a harvester proposed by the same applicant, JP 2006-25601 (first reference), involves plowing a digging blade into the bottom of the yam, enveloping it in a block shape together with the surrounding soil, and lifting it toward the ground to dig up the yam. The publication discloses a "potato digging device having a pair of plow members connected to the rear of a tractor that dig up the cultivated soil on both sides of the potato as the tractor moves forward, and a digging blade body pivotally connected to the lower center of the pair of plow members, with the front portion forming a cutting edge and the rear portion tilted upward. The connection between the digging blade body and the plow members is supported by a pair of connecting bars, one end of which is fixed to the lower end of the plow members and the other end of which is pivotally attached to a support shaft on the backside of the digging blade body, and the connecting bars are positioned so that they are completely hidden by the backside of the digging blade body." The effect of this is to reduce back pressure resistance from the excavated soil when the tractor tows the potato digging device. It can be towed by a tractor with high horsepower, making it suitable for large tractors imported from overseas. Similarly, the same applicant has filed Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-34095 (second cited reference) as a method for reducing the traction force of the long digging plate. In this prior art, a round shaft is placed over the top of the digging blade, and an endless belt is placed over it. While this starts smoothly, as time goes by, impurities and cultivated soil get mixed in between the rotating belt and the rotating shaft, causing the machine to stop rotating and often making operation difficult. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2006-25601 A [Patent Document 2] Patent application 2023-34095 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The first cited reference is suitable for high-speed work using large tractors with 120 to 200 horsepower, which have become popular in recent years. However, when the digging blade that is embedded in the bottom of the grown yam slides backward on the yam, it deforms and compresses the cultivation soil block, making it suitable for high-speed work. However, this back pressure can sometimes cause the cultivation soil block to collapse, scratching or breaking the surface of the yam. Furthermore, the second reference is suitable for the high-horsepower work of large, imported trucks that have become popular in recent years, but soil and sand often get mixed in the gap between the flat belt and the bearing, causing wear and the belt becoming wrapped around the rotating shaft, making it difficult to rotate. The present invention eliminates the conventional complex belt drive device and replaces it with a simple structure by remotely controlling the vibration device. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention modifies the work of moving cultivated soil blocks underground and loosening them with horizontal reciprocating vibration, thereby reducing the tractive force of the four-wheel tractor and the back pressure on the periphery of the crops. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The present invention is a sweet potato harvester that can be connected to a tractor, characterized in that, in order to make conventional large digging machines faster and simpler, it has a mounting frame that is connected to the rear of the tractor by a three-point link consisting of a top link and left and right lower links, a machine frame body that is connected to the mounting frame, and the machine frame body forms a digging blade body consisting of a cutting edge body, a digging plate, and a rear end vibration plate that connects the up and down drive means, support bars are connected to the left and right, and the digging plate is configured to be able to be raised and lowered by the three-point link, and the inclined digging plate is equipped with a device that vibrates back and forth in a parallel manner. In addition, the reciprocating vibration device attached to the digging plate has a reciprocating pitch of 3 to 7 mm, making horizontal reciprocation appropriate, and the yam harvester is characterized in that a single eccentric motor is used as both the up and down drive source for the rear end vibration plate and the reciprocating drive source for the digging plate. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] As described above, the present invention eliminates the conventional complicated belt drive mechanism and replaces the resin spatula digging plate with a horizontal reciprocating micro-vibration for a simpler structure. This eliminates the need to move and loosen the cultivated soil blocks in the excavated soil, and converts the overall earth pressure of the digging plate into a horizontal reciprocating micro-vibration motion, thereby reducing the earth pressure of the tractor and minimizing the harvester's movement and loosening work. In addition, the same eccentric motor is used as the drive source for the rear end vibration plate's up and down movement and the drive source for the digging plate's reciprocating vibration, which makes it possible to create a compact and lightweight digging machine without soil accumulation. Also, since the drive source for the rear end vibration plate and the drive source for the digging plate's forward and backward movement are both shared by a single motor, it is possible to create a lightweight machine without soil adhesion or entanglement. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] 1 is a side view showing a working state in which the present invention is implemented. [Figure 2] is a partially omitted plan view [Figure 3] Front view of a yam being excavated [Figure 4] is a perspective view of the top link support unit [Figure 5] Cleaner operation explanation diagram [Figure 6] is an explanatory diagram of the diaphragm drive [Figure 7] is a conventional digging diagram [Figure 8] 1 shows an example of a conventional rotary conveyor device. [Figure 9] An explanatory diagram showing how one motor drives both the digging plate and the rear end plate [Figure 10] Eccentric shaft motor operation diagram DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] The drawings show embodiments of the present invention. [Example]

[0009] In Figure 1, 1 denotes the rear of a four-wheel riding tractor. The front of the machine frame 3, which supports the digging unit 23, is connected to the rear of the tractor via a three-point linkage 2. 12 denotes a mounting frame, with a top bracket 4 attached to its central top and pivotable in the front-to-back direction around support shafts 6 fixed to both front sides of the machine frame 3. 7 denotes a top link support unit, which supports the top bracket 4. A well-known top link 46 is connected to the front of the top bracket 4. 8 denotes a vertically elongated support bar attached to the left and right sides of the machine frame 3, pointing downward. The digging unit 23, tilted rearward, is mounted on the lower ends of a pair of support bars 8. The digging blade 9 of the digging unit 23 has a cutting edge body 9 at its tip, a digging plate 49 in its middle, and a vibration plate 11 at its rear end, which is vibrated slightly by a second hydraulic motor 22. The hydraulic motor 22 has an eccentric shaft and vibrates the connecting member 28 up and down to remove the earthwork around the burial mound. 19 denotes a cleaner, which removes the upper surface of the cultivated soil block that the digging cutting edge body 9 has pushed up rearward to the left and right, causing the burial mound neck to protrude. The cleaner 19 is oscillated left and right perpendicular to the direction of travel by the first motor 18. 22 denotes a second motor, which vibrates the vibration plate 11 up and down via the connecting member 28, and the digging plate 49, which is installed at an angle at the front, moves back and forth in a plane via the horizontal link 59. Numeral 24 denotes a lift cylinder which uses the support shaft 6 as a fulcrum and, by its extension and contraction, raises and lowers the position of the digging blade body 9 supported by the machine frame 3 relative to the mounting frame 12. In particular, it is used to raise the digging part 23 underground above ground to ensure its height above ground. Numeral 44 denotes a hydraulic arm equipped on the tractor, which raises and lowers the lower link 25. Numeral 45 denotes a lift stay provided at the rear of the machine frame 3, which is connected to the top of the mounting frame 12 via the lift cylinder 24. Numeral 49 is provided on the top of the digging plate 49, which is installed between the cutting edge body 10 that forms the digging blade body 9 and the vibration plate 11, and their surfaces are formed in the same plane. Therefore, when harvesting Chinese yams underground, first the cutting edge body 10 is inserted under the yams and advances, forming a block of cultivated soil and beginning to rise, and then the digging plate 49 receives the soil pressure of the cultivated soil. The digging plate 49, which vibrates passively while vibrating slightly, reduces the soil pressure on the cultivation block, and furthermore, the cultivation soil block is loosened by the vibration of the vibrating plate 11, and the long neck that floats up is projected and grasped by the worker. Figure 2 is a partially omitted plan view of the present invention. 46 and 25 are top and lower links, forming a three-point link. The top link 46 is connected to the top bracket 7 of the mounting frame 12, and the lower links 25 are connected to both front ends of the machine frame 3. 5 denotes the PTO output shaft at the rear of the tractor, which directly drives the hydraulic pump 18 and is transmitted to the hydraulic motor on the digging section side via a hose 17. The hydraulic pump 18 drives the first motor 18 and the second motor 22. The first motor 18 is connected to a means for swinging the cleaner 19 left and right. The second hydraulic motor 22 vibrates the vibration plate 11 at the rear end of the digging body 9 up and down, while also horizontally vibrating the digging plate 49 back and forth along a horizontal plane. The digging plate 49 is arranged front to back inside the support bar 8 and is made of resin. 20 denotes horizontal axis -1, and 47 denotes horizontal axis -2, which are mounted horizontally on the machine frame 3. 21 is a pipe shaft configured to be slidable relative to horizontal shafts -1 and -2 that are installed horizontally.

[0010] Figure 3 shows a front view of the excavator moving forward to excavate a long tubercle. The lower ends of support bars 8, each with a longitudinal cross section, are fixed to both sides of the digging blade body 9. The bases of the support bars 8 are fixed to the pipe shaft 21. The pipe shaft 21 is slidably mounted on the horizontal shaft 10. The digging blade body 9 has a cutting edge body 10 at its tip, a digging plate 49 at its rear, and a vibration plate 11 that vibrates slightly connected to its rear end. 15 denotes a slide cylinder, one end of which is fixed to the side of the machine frame 3 and the other end of which is connected to the pipe shaft 21. The digging section 23 is attached to the bottom of this pipe shaft 21, allowing it to slide left and right as desired. 7 denotes a top link support unit, which is mounted on the top of the mounting frame via a shear vault 32. One shear vault 32 is arranged vertically. Reference numeral 31 denotes a long yam, which is rising together with the block-shaped cultivated soil due to the advancement of the digging blade body 9 and the digging of the left and right support bars 8. Figure 4 is a perspective view of the top link support unit. The three-point link 2 at the rear of the tractor raises and lowers the machine frame 3 and the entire digging unit 23, and the extension and contraction of the lift cylinder 24 causes the digging unit 23 to further rotate and rise relative to the mounting frame 12, allowing the digging blade 9 to drop to the ground and maintain a certain ground clearance. If the ground clearance is insufficient depending on the model or manufacturer of the tractor, the top bracket 4 of the top link support unit 7 can be rotated further rearward to move the fulcrum of the top link 46 rearward. Next, 43 is a base box with an L-shaped cross section on the side that is welded to the top of the mounting frame 12 and rotatably supports the support case 42 via a base shaft 39. 6 is a top bracket that is rotatably supported by a cross pin 40 relative to the support case 42. 41 is a stopper pin that is slidably attached to the support case 42 and is removed when the top bracket 6 moves forward or backward, and inserted when the forward or backward position is determined to act as a stopper. 32 denotes a share vault that secures the bottom plate of the base box 43 to the bottom plate 49 of the support case 42. Figure 5 shows an explanatory diagram of the drive of the cleaner 19. The drive sprocket 29 attached to the output shaft of the first hydraulic motor 18 rotates an appropriately reduced-speed driven sprocket 34. The rake 38 of the cleaner 19 is rotatably supported on a boss shaft 36 of a fulcrum shaft 37. The rake 38 is swung left and right by a connecting rod 35 connected to the driven sprocket 34, and when digging, it sweeps the surface of the floating cultivated soil from side to side, causing its long neck to protrude. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the vibration plate 11, where 11 is the rear surface of the vibration plate. 22 denotes a second hydraulic motor, which is connected by a hose 17 that is transmitted from the hydraulic pump 18. The second hydraulic motor is fixed to a stay 27, and vibrates the vibration plate 11 up and down via a connecting rod 28 as the eccentric shaft 26 rotates. Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional digging operation. The digging blade 9, supported by a support bar 8, consists of a cutting edge 10 at the tip, a digging plate 9-1 in the middle, and a vibration plate 11 at the rear. This diagram shows how the cultivated soil block 56 slides and rises along with the yam as the tractor moves. With conventional digging machines, when the soil is hard or the yam is large, the sliding reaction force of the digging blade 9 generates back pressure, causing the cultivated soil block to collapse, resulting in scratches on the surface of the yam and sometimes even breakage. Even with sufficient horsepower, the soil back pressure of the cultivated soil block on the digging block makes it difficult to move. The cultivated soil block 56, shown by the phantom line, rises with the width of the blade. Figure 8 shows a perspective view of a conventional rotating conveyor device in which a conveyor is placed over horizontal rollers, with 10 indicating the cutting edge body, 22 indicating a conventional hydraulic motor, 50 indicating an endless belt conveyor, and 11 indicating a vibration plate. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing how one motor drives both the digging plate 49 and the rear end plate 11. Reference numeral 26 denotes an eccentric shaft, to which a connecting rod 28 is attached facing upward, causing the rear end plate to vibrate up and down. A horizontal link 59 is arranged in the forward horizontal direction, causing a fulcrum shaft 57 to vibrate. Reference numeral 53 is a pivoting link, which is fixed to a fulcrum 55 at the front position of the digging plate, causing the digging plate 49 to hang down in a boat-like position. Therefore, when the second motor is driven, the digging plate vibrates horizontally back and forth F1-F2 (⇔) by the horizontal link 59 by the amount of eccentricity of the eccentric shaft motor. Figure 10 is a diagram showing the operation of the eccentric shaft motor. 22 indicates a second hydraulic motor, and when the second motor is driven, the eccentric shaft 26 vibrates eccentrically by the amount of eccentricity of the eccentric shaft motor. The rotation axis of the eccentric shaft is 0-0, and 01-01 indicates the eccentric shaft. Therefore, when the device of the present invention is introduced into a field, the digging plate 49 vibrates back and forth horizontally, forming excavated blocks of cultivated soil and gradually lifting the long potatoes. Since the digging plate 49 always vibrates back and forth slightly at all four points, the pulling force of the tractor is distributed and lightened. [Industrial Applicability]

[0011] The long oyster digging device of this invention is equipped with a simple horizontal reciprocating digging plate that uses a single eccentric motor, and a micro-vibration device that vibrates up and down, allowing for smooth, continuous digging, making it suitable for large-scale professional farms. [Explanation of symbols]

[0012] 1 Rear of the tractor 2 Three-point hitch 3 Machine frame 4 Top Bracket 5 PTO output shaft 6 spindle 7 Top link support unit 8 support bar 9 Digging blade body 10 Cutting edge body 11 Diaphragm 12 Mounting frame 13 Side Stay 14 Horizontal axis - 3 15 Slide cylinder 16 Hydraulic pump 17 Hose 18 First Motor 19 Cleaner 20 Horizontal axis-1 21 Pipe shaft 22 Second motor 23 Digging Section 24 Lift cylinder 25 Lower Link 26 Eccentric shaft 27 Stay 28 Connecting material 29 Drive sprocket 31 Nagaimo 32 Share Vault 33 Rotation support shaft 34 driven sprocket 35 Connecting rod 36 Boss axis 37 Fulcrum Axis 38 Scratching Stick 39 Principles 40 Horizontal pin 41 Stopper pin 42 Support Case 43 Peri-face-1 44 Hydraulic arm 45 Lift Stay 46 Top Links 47 Horizontal axis-2 48 Peri-face-2 49 Digging Board 50 endless belt 51 Horizontal roller 52 Support frame 53 Rotating link 55 Pivot point 56 Cultivation soil block 57 Fulcrum Axis 59 Horizontal Link

Claims

1. A sweet potato harvester connected to a tractor, characterized in that it comprises a mounting frame connected to the rear of the tractor by a three-point link consisting of a top link and left and right lower links, a machine frame connected to the mounting frame, and the machine frame forming a digging blade body consisting of a cutting edge body, a digging plate, and a rear end vibration plate connecting vertical movement means, support bars connected to the left and right, and configured to be able to rise and fall by the three-point link, and a drive device that vibrates back and forth in parallel to the inclined digging plate.

2. 2. A yam harvester connected to a tractor according to claim 1, wherein the reciprocating pitch of the reciprocating vibration device attached to the digging plate is preferably 3 mm to 7 mm.

3. 2. A yam harvester connected to a tractor according to claim 1, wherein a single eccentric motor is used as both a power source for the rear end vibration plate that moves up and down and a power source for the reciprocating drive of said digging plate.

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