Charge-discharge system, charge-discharge control method, and computer program

Abstract

To provide a charging / discharging system, a charging / discharging control method, and a computer program for appropriately controlling charging / discharging of a storage battery of an electric vehicle.SOLUTION: A charging and discharging system includes a plurality of charging and discharging devices that execute charging and / or discharging with respect to a storage battery of a driving power source of a connected electric vehicle, a power management device that controls transmission and reception of power in a facility in which the plurality of charging and discharging devices are installed, and an output device that outputs information to a driver of the electric vehicle. For an electric vehicle scheduled to be connected to any of the plurality of charging and discharging devices, information on a battery capacity of the storage battery of the electric vehicle is acquired, a charging and discharging device to be connected to the electric vehicle is selected from the plurality of charging and discharging devices based on the acquired information on the battery capacity and a power supply and demand situation in the facility, and information for identifying the selected charging and discharging device is output from the output device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a charge / discharge system capable of both charging and discharging, a charge / discharge control method, and a computer program. [Background technology]

[0002] Electric vehicles are becoming increasingly popular, and their application to large vehicles is also expanding. The battery capacity of the storage batteries installed in electric vehicles as a power source ranges from 5 to 100 kWh, with large vehicles exceeding 200 kWh. Technologies have been proposed to realize V2X, including Vehicle to Home (V2H), which enables the power stored in the storage batteries of these vehicles to be used not only to drive the electric vehicle but also to loads within the home, Vehicle to Building (V2B), which enables the power to be supplied to buildings other than homes, and Vehicle to Grid (V2G), which enables the power to be supplied to the power grid. Even in the event of a power outage due to a disaster, it is expected that the power stored in mobile electric vehicles can be used to maintain daily life and keep factories running.

[0003] Large facilities with large parking lots are often equipped with photovoltaic power generation systems and power storage systems to reduce the power supply from the power grid to meet the electrical load within the facility. By realizing V2X using electric vehicles that can function as automobiles instead of power storage systems, they can function as a power source during power outages, as a means of transportation, and can also be used to reduce demand on the power grid.

[0004] To realize V2X, a charging / discharging device is used that can transfer power between a power generation system, a power grid, and an electric vehicle acting as a storage battery (Patent Document 1, etc.). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7044136 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] As mentioned above, the battery capacity of electric vehicle storage batteries also varies widely. There are also types of electric vehicles, including those that can be both charged and discharged, and those that are only for charging. There are also several charging and discharging methods for charging and discharging devices, including rapid charging and normal charging. Large-scale facilities may use charging and discharging devices that can supply power from fuel cell-equipped vehicles to the facility's electrical loads. In such facilities, it is preferable to connect electric vehicles to appropriate charging and discharging devices depending on the battery capacity of the electric vehicles, the compatible method, or the current power supply and demand situation.

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a charge / discharge system, a charge / discharge control method, and a computer program that appropriately control charging and discharging of a storage battery of an electric vehicle. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A charging / discharging system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of charging / discharging devices that charge and / or discharge storage batteries that serve as driving power sources for connected electric vehicles, a power management device that controls the exchange of power in a facility where the plurality of charging / discharging devices are installed, and an output device that outputs information to the driver of the electric vehicle. For an electric vehicle that is to be connected to one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices, the charging / discharging system acquires battery capacity information of the storage battery of the electric vehicle, selects a charging / discharging device to which the electric vehicle should be connected from the plurality of charging / discharging devices based on the acquired battery capacity information and the power supply and demand situation in the facility, and outputs information identifying the selected charging / discharging device from the output device.

[0009] The charging / discharging system of the present disclosure can output information about the charging / discharging device to which an electric vehicle that is about to connect to start charging should be connected, based on the battery capacity of the storage battery that is the driving power source of the electric vehicle and the power supply and demand situation of the facility where the charging / discharging device is installed to which the electric vehicle is connected. The entity that selects the charging / discharging device to which the electric vehicle should be connected may be a power management device that controls the supply and receipt of power at the facility, or another device (server device) that has communication means that can obtain information about the power management device and the battery capacity of the storage battery of the electric vehicle. Any one of the multiple charging / discharging devices may be the entity.

[0010] A charging / discharging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may obtain a planned usage schedule for an electric vehicle that is to be connected to one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices, and select a charging / discharging device to which the electric vehicle should be connected from the plurality of charging / discharging devices based on information about the battery capacity of the electric vehicle and the electricity supply and demand situation at the facility.

[0011] The charging / discharging system disclosed herein can output information on which charging / discharging device an electric vehicle should be connected to, including not only whether rapid charging or normal charging should be performed until the next scheduled use, which is the primary purpose of connecting the electric vehicle to a charging / discharging device, but also whether charging can be performed using surplus power or whether it can be used as a power source until the next scheduled use.

[0012] In a charging / discharging system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of charging / discharging devices may include a plurality of types of charging / discharging devices with different charging power values ​​and discharging power values, and for an electric vehicle that is scheduled to be connected to one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices, a charging power value required for charging the electric vehicle by the next scheduled time of use may be calculated from the remaining battery capacity included in the acquired battery capacity information, and a charging / discharging device that satisfies the calculated charging power value may be selected.

[0013] In the charging / discharging system of the present disclosure, when multiple charging / discharging devices are used, it is possible to mix devices dedicated to charging and devices with different rated outputs, etc. The charging / discharging system can select and guide a charging / discharging device that can charge the required amount of power based on the amount of power required until the next scheduled time and the time until the next scheduled time.

[0014] A charging / discharging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may determine, for an electric vehicle that is to be connected to one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices, from a planned use schedule of the electric vehicle, whether a load peak of electrical equipment in the facility is expected until the next scheduled time of use of the electric vehicle, and if it is determined that an expected peak is expected, determine whether discharge at a discharge power value that will contribute to eliminating the load peak is possible from the storage battery of the electric vehicle, and if it is determined that discharge is possible, select a charging / discharging device that is capable of discharge at that discharge power value.

[0015] The charging / discharging system of the present disclosure guides an electric vehicle attempting to connect to one of multiple charging / discharging devices to a charging / discharging device that is capable of discharging if the charging / discharging device can be used as a power source to eliminate a load peak that is expected to occur by the next scheduled time, based on the time until the next scheduled time.

[0016] A charging / discharging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may determine, for an electric vehicle that is scheduled to be connected to one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices, based on a planned use schedule of the electric vehicle, whether or not surplus power is expected to be generated from a power generation system that supplies power to electrical equipment in the facility by the next scheduled time of use of the electric vehicle, and if it determines that surplus power is expected, determine whether or not charging of the electric vehicle's storage battery using the surplus power is possible, and if it determines that charging is possible, select a charging / discharging device that can charge with the surplus power.

[0017] The charging / discharging system of the present disclosure guides an electric vehicle attempting to connect to one of multiple charging / discharging devices to a charging / discharging device that can charge the electric vehicle using the surplus power that is expected to be generated by the next scheduled time, based on the time until the next scheduled time.

[0018] In a charging / discharging system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the output device may be a lamp provided on the plurality of charging / discharging devices, a display on the plurality of charging / discharging devices, a display mounted on the electric vehicle, a display provided at a location where the plurality of charging / discharging devices are installed, or a display on a communication terminal device carried by the driver.

[0019] In the charging / discharging system of the present disclosure, the method of outputting information to the driver may be achieved by lighting a lamp provided on a selected charging / discharging device from among multiple charging / discharging devices, or by displaying the information on a display of the selected charging / discharging device. Alternatively, the information may be displayed on a navigation screen visible to the driver while driving. If the location where the charging / discharging device is installed is a mechanical parking lot at a facility, the driver can be interpreted as a control device that determines where the charging / discharging device is to be stored. In this case, the charging / discharging system outputs information identifying the selected charging / discharging device to the control device.

[0020] In one embodiment of the charging / discharging system of the present disclosure, when it is determined that the electric vehicle is connected to any one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices and the load peak is expected, the discharge power value to be discharged from each of the plurality of dischargeable storage batteries of the electric vehicles connected to the plurality of charging / discharging devices may be determined by distributing the power value that is insufficient at the load peak.

[0021] In the charging / discharging system of the present disclosure, when a load peak is expected, the storage batteries of multiple electric vehicles, including the electric vehicle to be connected to one of the multiple charging / discharging devices, may be used as a power source for the facility's electrical load, and the discharge power value at that time may be determined according to the number of vehicles or the capacity of each storage battery.

[0022] A charging / discharging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may distribute the power value that is insufficient at the load peak in accordance with the ratio of the remaining battery capacity of each storage battery of a plurality of dischargeable electric vehicles, and determine the power value after distribution as the discharge power value of the charging / discharging device to which the plurality of electric vehicles are connected.

[0023] In the charging / discharging system of the present disclosure, the discharge power values ​​of the multiple charging / discharging devices that eliminate load peaks may be distributed according to the remaining battery capacities of the storage batteries of the connected electric vehicles. When there is a large remaining battery capacity, it is possible to discharge as much as possible from the storage battery with the largest remaining battery capacity, thereby balancing the battery capacities with the storage batteries of the other electric vehicles.

[0024] In one embodiment of the charging / discharging system of the present disclosure, when it is determined that the electric vehicle is connected to any one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices and that the generation of surplus power is expected, the charging power value to be charged to each of the storage batteries of the plurality of electric vehicles connected to the plurality of charging / discharging devices may be determined by distributing the surplus power.

[0025] In the charging / discharging system of the present disclosure, when the generation of surplus power is expected, the storage batteries of multiple electric vehicles, including the electric vehicle to be connected to one of multiple charging / discharging devices, may be used as storage destinations for surplus power from the facility's power generation system, and the charging power value at that time may be determined according to the number of vehicles or the available capacity of each storage battery.

[0026] A charging / discharging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may distribute the power value of the surplus power in accordance with the ratio of available capacity of the storage batteries of each of a plurality of electric vehicles, and determine the power value after distribution as the charging power value of the charging / discharging device to which the plurality of electric vehicles are connected.

[0027] In the charging / discharging system of the present disclosure, the charging power value for storing surplus power may be distributed according to the amount of free capacity in the storage batteries of the connected electric vehicles. When there is a large amount of free capacity, the storage batteries with the most free capacity can be charged as much as possible, thereby balancing the battery capacity with the storage batteries of the other electric vehicles.

[0028] In one embodiment of the charging / discharging system of the present disclosure, a total minimum available capacity may be set for the storage batteries of the electric vehicles connected to the plurality of charging / discharging devices while no surplus power is being generated from the power generation system installed in the facility.

[0029] In the charging / discharging system of the present disclosure, during a period when surplus power is not generated, a minimum total available capacity of the storage batteries VB of multiple electric vehicles V may be set to avoid a situation where there is no capacity to charge when surplus power is generated later.

[0030] A charging / discharging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may set a total minimum battery capacity for the storage batteries of a plurality of electric vehicles connected to the plurality of charging / discharging devices during a period when no load peaks due to demand from electrical equipment in the facility occur.

[0031] In the charging / discharging system of the present disclosure, during a period when no load peak occurs, a minimum total battery capacity of the storage batteries VB of multiple electric vehicles V may be set to avoid a situation where the storage batteries VB are not available to serve as a power source when a load peak occurs later.

[0032] A charge / discharge control method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a process of identifying an electric vehicle to be connected to one of a plurality of charge / discharge devices that charge and / or discharge a storage battery that serves as a driving power source for the connected electric vehicle, acquiring battery capacity information for the storage battery of the electric vehicle, acquiring a power supply and demand situation from a power management device that controls the exchange of power in a facility where the plurality of charge / discharge devices are installed, selecting a charge / discharge device to which the electric vehicle should be connected from the plurality of charge / discharge devices based on the acquired battery capacity information and the power supply and demand situation in the facility, and outputting information identifying the selected charge / discharge device to a driver of the electric vehicle.

[0033] A computer program according to an embodiment of the present disclosure causes a computer connected to a plurality of charging / discharging devices that charge and / or discharge storage batteries that serve as driving power sources for connected electric vehicles, a power management device that controls the exchange of power in a facility where the plurality of charging / discharging devices are installed, and an output device that outputs information to the driver of the electric vehicle to execute a process of acquiring, for an electric vehicle that is to be connected to one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices, information on the battery capacity of the storage battery of the electric vehicle, selecting a charging / discharging device to which the electric vehicle should be connected from the plurality of charging / discharging devices based on the acquired battery capacity information and the power supply and demand situation in the facility, and outputting information identifying the selected charging / discharging device from the output device. [Effects of the Invention]

[0034] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to appropriately control charging and discharging of a storage battery of an electric vehicle using a plurality of charging and discharging devices. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0035] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power management system. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power management system. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a power management device. [Figure 4]FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a server device. [Figure 5] 10 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for guiding a destination of an electric vehicle; [Figure 6] 10 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for guiding a destination of an electric vehicle; [Figure 7] FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a guidance process for an electric vehicle in the first embodiment. [Figure 8] 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a procedure for charge and discharge control by the power management device of the first embodiment. [Figure 9] 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a procedure for charge and discharge control by the power management device of the first embodiment. [Figure 10] 10 is a flowchart showing an example of a decision procedure in the second embodiment. [Figure 11] 10 is a flowchart showing an example of processing during charge / discharge control in the second embodiment. [Figure 12] 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams illustrating determination of the minimum battery capacity and the minimum free capacity. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a method for determining a discharge power value. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a method for determining a charging power value. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of another example of a method for determining a charging power value. [Figure 16] 10 is a flowchart showing an example of charge / discharge control in the fourth embodiment. [Figure 17] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a method for determining a charge / discharge control target in the fourth embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a method for determining a charge / discharge control target in the fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0036] The present disclosure will be specifically described with reference to the drawings showing embodiments thereof.

[0037] (First embodiment) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power management system 100, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power management system 100. The power management system 100 is installed in a facility such as an office, a factory, a store, or a public facility. The power management system 100 is connected to a power grid E. The power grid E may be replaced by a DC power grid. The power management system 100 includes a plurality of electric vehicles V, a power management device 1, a plurality of charging / discharging devices 2, a power generation system 3, electrical equipment 4, a server device 6, a detection device 7, and an output device 8.

[0038] In the power management system 100, a power management device 1, a charging / discharging device 2, a power generation system 3, and an electrical device 4 are communicatively connected via a network N1 that connects the subjects of power management. The power management device 1 is communicatively connected to a server device 6 via a network N2. The server device 6 is communicatively connected to an in-vehicle device 55, a detection device 7, and an output device 8 via a network N3.

[0039] The networks N1 and N2 are wired and / or wireless local networks installed in a facility. The networks N1 and N2 may be wired communication media such as Ethernet (registered trademark), ECHONET / ECHONETLite (registered trademark), or a PLC (Power Line Communication) communication medium. The networks N1 and N2 may include wireless communication media such as WiFi (registered trademark), Bluetooth (registered trademark), and wireless LAN. The networks N1 and N2 are distinguished to distinguish between connectable devices, and may be a common network.

[0040] The network N3 is a wired and / or wireless local network similar to the networks N1 and N2. The network N3 may include a network for an ETC (registered trademark) (Electronic Toll Collection System) and a network for a VICS (registered trademark) (Vehicle Information and Communication System) for communication with the in-vehicle device 55.

[0041] The electric vehicle V is an EV (Electric Vehicle). The electric vehicle V may be a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) or a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV). The plurality of electric vehicles V may include fuel cell vehicles (FCV). The electric vehicle V is used by employees, staff, etc. of the facility. Hereinafter, the employees, staff, etc. of the facility who operate the electric vehicle V and the charging / discharging device 2 will also be referred to as users.

[0042] The electric vehicle V is equipped with a storage battery VB, an on-board control device 52, and an on-board device 55. The on-board control device 52 communicates with the charging / discharging device 2 and controls charging / discharging of the storage battery VB, which is the driving power source of the electric vehicle V. The on-board device 55 has a means for wireless communication with devices outside the vehicle and is capable of outputting at least vehicle identification data of the electric vehicle V. The on-board device 55 is preferably capable of transmitting vehicle data such as the position information, mileage, and remaining battery capacity (charging rate) of the electric vehicle V to the server device 6 via wireless communication. The on-board device 55 is, for example, an OBD (On-Board Diagnostics) device having a means for communication outside the vehicle. The on-board device 55 may also transmit vehicle data to a telematics system or a driving management system.

[0043] A plurality of charging / discharging devices 2 corresponding to the number of electric vehicles V are installed in the facility's parking lot. Each of the charging / discharging devices 2 is connected to a power generation system 3, a power grid E, and electrical equipment 4 via the facility's distribution board 5 and power lines PL. Each of the charging / discharging devices 2 can charge the electric vehicles V using the power generation system 3 or the power grid E as its power source. The charging / discharging devices 2 include a charging-only device capable of normal charging (e.g., 3 kW to 6 kW), a rapid charging-only device capable of rapid charging (e.g., 10 kW to 150 kW), and a charging-only device capable of switching between normal charging and rapid charging. The charging / discharging devices 2 may include a discharging-only device capable of supplying power from the fuel cell vehicle to the electrical equipment 4. Some or all of the charging / discharging devices 2 are capable of charging and discharging and can discharge the storage battery VB of the electric vehicles V and supply power to the electrical equipment 4. The charging / discharging devices 2 may be devices capable of wireless charging and discharging.

[0044] The power generation system 3 includes a solar panel and a power conditioner, and can supply power to the electrical equipment 4. The power generation system 3 outputs generated power or stops power generation in response to instructions from the power management device 1. The power generation system 3 is not limited to a system that generates power using solar power, but may also be a system that uses wind power, wave power, or geothermal power.

[0045] The electrical equipment 4 is an electrical load installed within the facility. The electrical equipment 4 includes lighting, air conditioning equipment, and cooking facilities for the facility. The electrical equipment 4 uses one of the power grid E, the power generation system 3, and the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V, which are connected via a distribution board 5, as its power source. The on / off state of the electrical equipment 4 can be referenced from the power management device 1.

[0046] The power management device 1 is, for example, a so-called EMS (Energy Management System). The power management device 1 is connected to a charging / discharging device 2, a power generation system 3, and an electric device 4 so that they can communicate with each other. The power management device 1 instructs the charging / discharging device 2 to distribute power from the power generation system 3 or the power grid E to the electric device 4, to supply power from the power generation system 3 or the power grid E to an electric vehicle V, and to supply power from the electric vehicle V to the electric device 4. The power management device 1 sequentially receives and stores notifications from each charging / discharging device 2 regarding the status of the electric vehicle V, such as whether it is connected and whether it is charging or discharging. The power management device 1 may be described as being provided externally and controlling the exchange of power with multiple facilities in each region, or may be built into each charging / discharging device 2 as a host device. The power management device 1 may be provided as a server device outside the power management system 100.

[0047] The server device 6 can receive vehicle data including vehicle identification data and location information of each electric vehicle V from the onboard device 55. The server device 6 can send and receive data to and from the detection device 7, and can detect entry into a parking lot of the facility. The server device 6 may acquire the vehicle identification data of each electric vehicle V via the detection device 7. The server device 6 can send and receive data to and from the power management device 1, and can acquire the operating status of the charging and discharging device 2 and the power supply and demand status in the facility. The server device 6 can send and receive data to and from the output device 8, which can include a display, a speaker, etc., and can present information to the driver of the electric vehicle V.

[0048] The server device 6 transmits and receives data to and from client devices used by staff, and can accept and present usage schedules for electric vehicles V as a means of transportation by facility users. The server device 6 may be integrated with the power management device 1. A user can identify each electric vehicle V and make a reservation for use of the electric vehicle V using a web page provided via the server device 6. The usage reservation includes information on the scheduled time of use. The usage reservation may also include information on the destination.

[0049] The detection device 7 is a device that detects the entry of the electric vehicle V into or approach to the parking lot. The detection device 7 includes cameras 70 that are installed for the purpose of managing the entry and exit of the electric vehicle V into and out of the parking lot and for the purpose of crime prevention. The cameras 70 are installed at multiple locations, such as the entrance and exit gates (not shown) of the parking lot, and the charging and discharging device 2. The detection device 7 identifies the vehicle identification data of the electric vehicle V based on image data captured by the cameras 70 and detects the entry. The detection device 7 transmits the identified vehicle identification data to the server device 6. The detection device 7 may include a wireless communication device 71. The wireless communication device 71 communicates with the onboard device 55 via short-range wireless communication to receive vehicle data including the vehicle identification data and location information of the electric vehicle V, and may transmit the received vehicle data to the server device 6 via an external service such as e-Telema (registered trademark) on the network N3 or the Internet.

[0050] The function of the detection device 7 may be realized as one function of the processing unit 60 of the server device 6. In this case, the processing unit 60 receives position data frequently from the in-vehicle device 55, and when it determines that the electric vehicle V is within a predetermined distance from the facility and is moving toward the parking lot, it can recognize that it has detected the approach of the electric vehicle V.

[0051] The output device 8 includes a display 81 capable of displaying an image from the onboard device 55 of the electric vehicle V, a display 82 provided in the parking lot, and / or a display 83 of a client device carried by the user. The output device 8 includes a display 84 provided in the charging / discharging device 2 or a lamp 85. The output device 8 may be a speaker 86 capable of outputting sound from the onboard device 55 of the electric vehicle V, a speaker 87 provided in the parking lot, and / or a speaker 88 of a client device carried by the user. The displays 81, 82, 83, and 84 may each be used for other purposes (navigation systems, signage, smartphone displays, operation panels).

[0052] In the power management system 100 of the first embodiment, the server device 6 (or the power management device 1) identifies the vehicle model of the electric vehicle V and the battery capacity of the storage battery VB in association with the vehicle identification data of the electric vehicle V used in the facility. The server device 6 selects a charging / discharging device 2 to connect to based on the state of the battery capacity of the electric vehicle V that has entered the parking lot and the power supply and demand situation at the facility, and notifies the target electric vehicle V of connection to the selected charging / discharging device 2. This reduces the possibility of a situation occurring in which an electric vehicle V with a small capacity that is nearly fully charged is connected to a charging / discharging device 2 that is capable of rapid charging, while a large electric vehicle V that enters later and has a low charging rate is connected to a charging / discharging device 2 that is only capable of normal charging.

[0053] The following describes how the server device 6 (or the power management device 1) guides the electric vehicle V to the charging / discharging device 2 and controls charging / discharging the electric vehicle V. The power management device 1 and the server device 6 are described as different devices in the following explanation, but which device should execute which process for the power management function and which other function can be selected as appropriate.

[0054] 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power management device 1. As described above, the power management device 1 is installed in the distribution board 5 of the facility, and executes processing to manage the power of the facility.

[0055] The power management device 1 includes a processing unit 10, a storage unit 11, a first communication unit 12, and a second communication unit 13.

[0056] The processing unit 10 is a processor using a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and / or an MPU (Micro Processing Unit). The processing unit 10 may be a programmable logic controller. The processing unit 10 controls each component to execute processing using built-in memories such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory). The processing unit 10 may be configured as a single piece of hardware (SoC: System On a Chip) that integrates a processor, memory, a communication device, etc. The processing unit 10 exchanges data with the charging / discharging device 2, the power generation system 3, and the server device 6 based on a control program stored in the storage unit 11, and executes processing related to power management.

[0057] The storage unit 11 uses a nonvolatile storage medium such as an SSD (Solid State Drive) and stores programs and data referenced by the processing unit 10. The storage unit 11 stores a control program (program product) P1 related to power management.

[0058] The control program P1 stored in the storage unit 11 may be a program that the processing unit 10 reads out, copies, and installs a control program P91 stored in a storage medium 91. The control program P1 may also be a program that the processing unit 10 downloads from a program server (not shown), stores in the storage unit 11, and installs.

[0059] The first communication unit 12 is a communication device that realizes communication with the charging / discharging device 2 and the power generation system 3 via the network N1. The first communication unit 12 uses a network card for wired communication, a wireless communication device for carrier communication, or a LAN device. The processing unit 10 can be communicatively connected to the charging / discharging device 2 or the power generation system 3 via the network N1 using the first communication unit 12. The first communication unit 12 may be a communication device conforming to Ethernet (registered trademark) or a communication device compatible with ECHONET / ECHONETLite (registered trademark). The first communication unit 12 may realize communication using PLC. The first communication unit 12 may be a wireless communication device compatible with Wi-Fi (registered trademark), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or carrier communication.

[0060] The second communication unit 13 is a communication device that realizes data transmission and reception with the server device 6 via the network N2. The second communication unit 13 is a network card that complies with Ethernet (registered trademark). The second communication unit 13 may be ECHONET / ECHONETLite (registered trademark), PLC, a wireless LAN device, WiFi, Bluetooth, or a wireless communication device for carrier communication.

[0061] 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the server device 6. The server device 6 includes a processing unit 60, a storage unit 61, and a communication unit 62. In the following description, the server device 6 will be described as a single server computer, but it may also be configured to have multiple computers distributed according to the processing content, function, etc. The server device 6 may be implemented as an on-premise type in a facility, or as a cloud type via the Internet.

[0062] The processing unit 60 is a processor using a CPU and / or a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). The processing unit 60 uses built-in memories such as ROM and RAM to control each component and execute processing. The processing unit 60 may be configured as a single piece of hardware (SOC) that integrates a processor, memory, communication devices, etc.

[0063] The storage unit 61 uses a non-volatile storage medium such as an SSD or a hard disk, and stores the program product and data referenced by the processing unit 60. The program product includes an information processing program P6.

[0064] The information processing program P6 stored in the storage unit 61 may be an information processing program P92 stored in the storage medium 92 that has been read, copied, and installed by the processing unit 60. The information processing program P6 may also be an information processing program P6 that has been downloaded by the processing unit 60 from a program server (not shown), stored in the storage unit 61, and installed.

[0065] The storage unit 61 stores device identification data that identifies at least each charging / discharging device 2 belonging to the facility of the power management system 100, and vehicle identification data that identifies each electric vehicle V. The storage unit 61 stores data on whether the charging / discharging device 2 is capable of charging / discharging (charging only, charging / discharging) and charging speed (maximum charging power, maximum discharging power, etc.), in association with the device identification data of the charging / discharging device 2. The storage unit 61 stores the battery capacity of the onboard storage battery VB when fully charged, in association with the vehicle identification data of the electric vehicle V. The storage unit 61 stores the vehicle data when it can acquire the vehicle data from the onboard device 55 as appropriate. The vehicle data includes location information (latitude and longitude data) of the electric vehicle V, mileage, and the most recent battery capacity or charging rate of the onboard storage battery VB, and is updated each time the vehicle data is transmitted from the onboard device 55. The vehicle data may be acquired by the charging / discharging device 2 when the electric vehicle V is connected to the charging / discharging device 2, when the electric vehicle V is disconnected, and during charging / discharging, and may be transmitted to the server device 6.

[0066] When the processing unit 60 of the server device 6 receives the vehicle identification data of the electric vehicle V wirelessly transmitted from the on-board device 55 via a roadside device, a beacon, or the like, the processing unit 60 can identify the position data of the electric vehicle V from the positions of the roadside device or the beacon and store the data in the storage unit 61. When the on-board device 55 appropriately transmits position data (longitude and latitude information), the processing unit 60 receives the position data in association with the vehicle identification data of the electric vehicle V and updates the position data stored in the storage unit 61. When the on-board device 55 also sequentially transmits the charging rate of the storage battery VB, the processing unit 60 receives the charging rate in association with both identification data and updates the charging rate stored in the storage unit 61. The processing unit 60 may receive and update the charging rate via an external telematics system, a driving management system, or the like. Even if the processing unit 60 cannot receive the charging rate for each electric vehicle V, the processing unit 60 may estimate the mileage and charging rate from data obtained from an external system, the elapsed time since the electric vehicle V left the charging / discharging device 2, and / or identifiable position data. The processing unit 60 may estimate the charging rate (remaining battery capacity) from the destination set in the usage schedule, the actual period of use during the corresponding time period, and the like.

[0067] In the power management system 100 configured as described above, the connection destination guidance of the electric vehicle V and the charge / discharge control executed by the server device 6 and the power management device 1 will be described with reference to a flowchart.

[0068] 5 and 6 are flowcharts showing an example of a processing procedure for guiding the connection destination of the electric vehicle V. In addition to processing such as accepting the use schedule of the electric vehicle V, the server device 6 also executes the following processing as needed.

[0069] The processing unit 60 determines whether the detection device 7 has detected the entry (or approach) of an electric vehicle V into the facility (step S101). If it is determined that the electric vehicle V has not been detected (S101: NO), the processing unit 60 returns the process to step S101 and waits until the electric vehicle V is detected.

[0070] If the processing unit 60 determines that detection has been made in step S101 (S101: YES), it identifies the vehicle identification data of the target electric vehicle V (step S102). The processing unit 60 reads out the most recently received charging rate and position data stored in association with the identified vehicle identification data (step S103).

[0071] The processing unit 60 refers to a predetermined period of time in the usage schedule stored in association with the specified vehicle identification data (step S104). The predetermined period may be, for example, the period until closing time of the facility on that day, the period until midnight on that day, or the period until 9:00 a.m. the next morning.

[0072] The processing unit 60 calculates the amount of charging energy required by the scheduled use time based on the referenced use schedule and the read-out charging rate (step S105). In step S105, the processing unit 60 estimates the current capacity based on the battery capacity at full charge stored in association with the specified vehicle identification data and the charging rate read-out in step S103, and calculates the amount of energy required to achieve a predetermined charging rate by the scheduled start time of use. The predetermined charging rate may be a fixed value set in advance, or the required charging rate may be set by the user when accepting the use reservation. If a destination is set in the scheduled use, the processing unit 60 may calculate the round-trip distance to the destination and calculate the amount of energy required to travel the calculated distance.

[0073] The processing unit 60 acquires the status of each of the multiple charging / discharging devices 2 in the facility (step S106). The processing unit 60 acquires, from the power management device 1, information on the status notified from the multiple charging / discharging devices 2, which is stored in the power management device 1.

[0074] The processing unit 60 determines whether rapid charging is necessary to charge the amount of charge energy calculated in step S105 by the scheduled use time (step S107). If it is determined that rapid charging is necessary (S107: YES), the processing unit 60 determines whether a rapid charge-compatible charger / discharger 2 (or a charge-only device) is available from the status acquired in step S106 (step S108). If it is determined that a rapid charge-compatible charger / discharger 2 is available (S108: YES), the processing unit 60 selects an available rapid charge-compatible charger / discharger 2 (step S109).

[0075] The processing unit 60 associates the vehicle identification data of the target electric vehicle V with the device identification data of the selected charging / discharging device 2 and stores them in the storage unit 11 (step S110). The processing unit 60 causes the output device 8 to output information on the selected device identification data (step S111), and ends the guidance process.

[0076] When the processing unit 60 outputs the device identification data identifying the charging / discharging device 2 to be connected from the output device 8 (S111), it may end the process after confirming that the electric vehicle V with the target vehicle identification data will be connected to the charging / discharging device 2.

[0077] If the target electric vehicle V is not connected to the charging / discharging device 2 identified by the device identification data output in step S111 within a predetermined time, the processing unit 60 may detect this and cause the output device 8 to output an error message.

[0078] In step S111, the processing unit 60 issues an instruction via the power management device 1 to turn on the lamp of the selected charging / discharging device 2. If the lamp is a patrol lamp, it is easy for the user to recognize. The processing unit 60 may display on the display 84 of the operation panel of the selected charging / discharging device 2 that the device is the connection destination. In step S111, the processing unit 60 may display device identification data (number, color, pattern, etc.) for identifying the charging / discharging device 2 on a large display 82 installed in the parking lot or a display 81 connected to the in-vehicle device 55. The processing unit 60 may output audio guidance or sound effects from the speaker 89 of the target charging / discharging device 2 or other speakers 86 and 87. In step S111, the processing unit 60 may notify the smartphone carried by the user of the data for identifying the charging / discharging device 2 (number, location, etc.).

[0079] If it is determined in step S108 that there are no available charge / discharge devices 2 that support rapid charging (S108: NO), the processing unit 60 selects, from the available charge / discharge devices 2, a charge / discharge device 2 that has a larger maximum charging power value than the others (step S112). After that, the processing unit 60 proceeds to step S110.

[0080] In step S107, if it is determined that quick charging is not required (S107: NO), the processing unit 60 determines whether a load peak is expected until the next scheduled use time of the target electric vehicle V (step S113).

[0081] In step S113, the processing unit 60 acquires from the power management device 1 the on / off states of the electric devices 4, the power consumption of the electric devices 4, the charging / discharging state of the electric vehicle V by the charge / discharge device 2, the charging power value during charging, the discharging power value during discharging, and the amount of power generated by the power generation system 3, and determines whether the system load on the power grid E is equal to or greater than a predetermined level. The processing unit 60 may also determine whether the current time is a time period from 2:00 PM to 4:00 PM when a load peak is likely to occur, or a time period from 1:00 PM to 4:00 PM, including the one hour from 1:00 PM when that time period is about to begin. The processing unit 60 determines that a "load peak is expected (a load peak is occurring)" when the current time is a time period when a load peak is likely to occur or is likely to occur in the future, and the system load is equal to or greater than a predetermined level (e.g., slightly less than the demand limit). The processing unit 60 may acquire from the power management device 1 the power generation record of the power generation system 3 and the power consumption record of each electric device 4, along with weather information, and predict a load peak based on the acquired records and weather forecast information obtained from an external service.

[0082] When it is determined that a load peak is expected (S113: YES), the processing unit 60 determines whether or not discharge is possible from the storage battery VB based on the remaining battery capacity of the storage battery VB of the target electric vehicle V (step S114). In step S114, the processing unit 60 may determine whether or not power can be supplied to the load over the period during which the load peak is expected to occur.

[0083] If it is determined in step S114 that discharge is possible (S114: YES), the processing unit 60 identifies an available charging / discharging device 2 from among the charging / discharging devices 2 that are capable of discharging to the electrical device 4 (step S115). The processing unit 60 selects the charging / discharging device 2 identified in step S115 (step S116), and proceeds to the process of step S110.

[0084] If it is determined in step S114 that discharging is not possible (S114: NO), the processing unit 60 selects a charging / discharging device 2 that can output the amount of charging power required until the scheduled use time (step S117). The processing unit 60 proceeds to step S110.

[0085] In step S113, if it is determined that a load peak is not expected (S113: NO), the processing unit 60 determines whether surplus power is expected to be generated until the next scheduled use time of the target electric vehicle V (step S118).

[0086] In step S118, the processing unit 60 acquires from the power management device 1 information on the on / off states of the electric devices 4, the power consumption of the electric devices 4, the charging / discharging state of the electric vehicle V by the charging / discharging device 2, the charging power value during charging, the discharging power value during discharging, and the amount of power generated by the power generation system 3. The processing unit 60 determines whether the amount of power generated by the power generation system 3 is greater than the sum of the demand from the charging / discharging device 2 and the demand from the electric devices 4. The processing unit 60 may also determine whether the current time is a time slot from 12:00 to 14:00 when surplus power is likely to be generated, or whether it is a period from 11:00 to 14:00, including one hour from 11:00, which is about to become such a time slot. The processing unit 60 determines that "generation of surplus power is expected (surplus power is being generated)" when the current time is a time slot when surplus power is likely to be generated or a time slot when surplus power is likely to be generated, and the grid load is equal to or less than a predetermined amount (for example, a predetermined percentage of the power generation capacity of the power generation system). The processing unit 60 may obtain the power generation results in the power generation system 3 and the power consumption results of each electrical device 4 from the power management device 1, along with weather information, and predict the generation of surplus power based on the results and weather forecast information obtained from an external service.

[0087] When it is determined that the generation of surplus power is expected (S118: YES), the processing unit 60 determines whether the storage battery VB of the target electric vehicle V has available capacity and is chargeable based on the remaining battery capacity of the storage battery VB (step S119). In step S119, the processing unit 60 may determine whether it is possible to store the power obtained over the period in which the generation of surplus power is expected.

[0088] If it is determined in step S119 that charging is possible (S119: YES), the processing unit 60 identifies an available charging / discharging device 2 from among the charging / discharging devices 2 that are capable of charging (step S120). The processing unit 60 selects the charging / discharging device 2 identified in step S120 (step S121), and proceeds to the process of step S110. In step S121, the processing unit 60 selects a charging / discharging device 2 that can output a charging power value corresponding to the surplus power.

[0089] If it is determined in step S119 that charging is not possible (S119: NO), the processing unit 60 selects an available charging / discharging device 2 (step S122). The processing unit 60 advances the process to step S110.

[0090] In step S118, if it is determined that the generation of surplus power is not expected (S118: NO), processing unit 60 selects an available charging / discharging device 2 (S122), and proceeds to step S110.

[0091] In step S122, the processing unit 60 selects and prioritizes the following in order: first, a charging / discharging device 2 that is a charging-only device capable of normal charging only (3 kW to 6 kW, etc.); second, a charging / discharging device 2 that is not capable of rapid charging but is capable of discharging; and third, a charging / discharging device 2 that is also capable of rapid charging.

[0092] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the guidance process for an electric vehicle V in the first embodiment. FIG. 7 shows the maximum charging power values ​​of multiple charging / discharging devices 2 installed in a facility, and the battery capacity and remaining battery capacity of a storage battery VB of an electric vehicle V connected to the charging / discharging devices 2. In the example shown in FIG. 7, nine charging / discharging devices 2, labeled A to I, are installed in the facility. The charging / discharging devices 2 designated by A, B, and C are dedicated to charging only and capable of normal charging with a maximum charging power value of 3 kW. The charging / discharging devices 2 designated by D, E, and F are dedicated to charging / discharging devices with a maximum charging power value of 5 kW and capable of discharging as well. The charging / discharging device 2 designated by G is dedicated to charging / discharging devices with a maximum charging power value of 10 kW and capable of discharging as well. The charging / discharging devices 2 designated by H and I are dedicated to rapid charging and capable of rapid charging at 50 kW.

[0093] In the example shown in FIG. 7, an electric vehicle V(X) with a full charge capacity of 10 kWh is connected to a charging / discharging device 2 (device for normal charging only) indicated by A. When the electric vehicle V (described later) enters the parking lot of this facility, the remaining battery capacity of the electric vehicle V indicated by X is, for example, 5 kWh (50% charging rate). An electric vehicle V(Y) with a full charge capacity of 40 kWh is connected to a charging / discharging device 2 (device for normal charging only) indicated by B. At the same time, the remaining battery capacity of the electric vehicle V indicated by Y is 15 kWh (37.5% charging rate). An electric vehicle V(Z) with a full charge capacity of 40 kWh is connected to a charging / discharging device 2 (charger / discharger that can also discharge) indicated by D. At the same time, the remaining battery capacity of the electric vehicle V indicated by Z is 5 kWh (12.5% ​​charging rate). An electric vehicle V(W) with a full charge capacity of 40 kWh is connected to a charging / discharging device 2 (charger / discharger that can also discharge) indicated by E. At the same time, the remaining battery capacity of the electric vehicle V, indicated by W, is 30 kWh (charging rate 75%). An electric vehicle V (U) with a full charge capacity of 70 kWh is connected to a charging / discharging device 2 (device dedicated to rapid charging) indicated by H. At the same time, the remaining battery capacity of the electric vehicle V, indicated by U, is 30 kWh (charging rate 42.86%).

[0094] In the situation shown in Figure 7, the maximum load due to charging of electric vehicles V connected to charging / discharging devices 2 in the facility's parking lot is a total of 66 kW. Since charging / discharging devices 2 D and E are capable of discharging and are connected to electric vehicles V, the maximum power that can be supplied from charging / discharging devices 2 in the facility's parking lot is 10 kW. The remaining battery capacities of electric vehicles V indicated by Z and W connected to charging / discharging devices 2 indicated by D and E that are capable of discharging are 5 kWh and 30 kWh, respectively, so the battery capacity that can be supplied is 35 kWh, without considering leaving a minimum remaining battery capacity for each electric vehicle V. The available capacity of all electric vehicles V connected to charging / discharging devices 2 indicated by A, B, D, E, and H that are capable of charging is 105 kWh, without considering leaving room.

[0095] As shown in FIG. 7, it is assumed that an electric vehicle V designated by Q returns to the facility. The electric vehicle V designated by Q has a fully charged capacity of 70 kWh, and the remaining battery capacity of the storage battery VB is 30 kWh (42.86%). When the processing unit 60 of the server device 6 detects that the electric vehicle V designated by Q has returned to the facility, the processing unit 60 calculates that the amount of charging energy required until the scheduled time of next use is, for example, four hours later and that the electric vehicle V needs to be restored to a charging rate of 80% is 26 kWh (S105). The processing unit 60 acquires information on the connection status of the charging / discharging device 2, the remaining battery capacity of each electric vehicle V, and the available capacity (S106), as described above. Because charging with a charging power value of 4 kW for four hours is sufficient, the processing unit 60 determines that quick charging is not necessary (S107: NO). When the processing unit 60 determines that a load peak is expected at the facility (S113: YES), it predicts that a maximum of 65 kWh will be available in total, including the 30 kWh remaining battery capacity of the electric vehicle V indicated by Q, and selects the charging / discharging device 2 indicated by G, which is capable of discharging and can output a larger charging / discharging power value. This reduces the load on the facility's grid and meets the demand reduction request from the power company. When the processing unit 60 determines that surplus power will be generated within the four hours (S118: YES), it selects the charging / discharging device 2 indicated by I, which is capable of rapid charging and cannot discharge and can output a larger charging power value. This increases the possibility of avoiding the generation of surplus power in the power generation system 3, and enables effective use of power at the facility.

[0096] In the above-described guidance process, all electric vehicles V are driven by users, and it is up to the users whether or not to connect to the guided charging / discharging device 2. However, in a system in which the parking lot is a mechanical parking lot and the location where the electric vehicles V are stored can be controlled based on the decision of the server device 6, the device that controls storage in the parking lot may automatically perform the connection. Furthermore, if the electric vehicle V is an AGV (Automatic Guided Vehicle), a control device that performs automatic driving control of the electric vehicle V may automatically move the electric vehicle V to the charging / discharging device 2 output from the server device 6 via the on-board device 55.

[0097] After each electric vehicle V is connected by the above-mentioned guidance process, the power management device 1 controls charging and discharging according to the remaining capacity of the storage battery VB of each electric vehicle V, the usage schedule of the electric vehicle V, and the supply and demand situation of electricity in the facility.

[0098] 8 and 9 are flowcharts showing an example of a procedure for charge / discharge control by the power management device 1 of the first embodiment. The power management device 1 repeatedly and continuously executes the following processing based on a control program P1 as charge / discharge control using a plurality of charge / discharge devices 2.

[0099] The processing unit 10 determines whether or not surplus power is being generated from the power generation system 3 (step S201). In step S201, the processing unit 10 acquires the amount of power generated from the power generation system 3, and determines that surplus power is being generated if the amount of power generated from the power generation system 3 exceeds the demand from the electrical appliances 4 and the charging / discharging devices 2 based on the on / off states of the electrical appliances 4, the power consumption, and the operating states of the multiple charging / discharging devices 2.

[0100] When the processing unit 10 determines that surplus power is being generated (S201: YES), it identifies a charging / discharging device 2 that can supply surplus power from among the multiple charging / discharging devices 2 (step S202). In step S202, the processing unit 10 identifies, for example, the charging / discharging device 2 that has the largest free capacity of the storage battery VB of the connected electric vehicle V or that can set the largest charging power value.

[0101] The processing unit 10 starts (continues) charging the identified charging / discharging device 2 by supplying the power generated by the power generation system 3 to the charging / discharging device 2 (step S203), and then ends the processing. Step S203 allows surplus power to be stored. Charging is temporarily stopped when the storage battery VB of the target electric vehicle V is fully charged or when no surplus power is generated.

[0102] If it is determined in step S201 that surplus power is not being generated (S201: NO), the processing unit 10 determines whether or not an electric vehicle V capable of discharging is connected to any of the plurality of charging / discharging devices 2 that is also capable of discharging (step S204). In step S204, the processing unit 10 determines, for example, whether or not an electric vehicle V whose battery capacity (remaining battery capacity) is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount or whose charging rate is equal to or greater than a predetermined rate is connected.

[0103] When it is determined that an electric vehicle V capable of discharging is connected to the charging / discharging device 2 that is also capable of discharging (S204: YES), the processing unit 10 determines whether the system load of the facility is approaching a predetermined allowable upper limit (step S205). In step S205, the processing unit 10 determines, for example, whether the system load has reached a predetermined range based on the predetermined allowable upper limit. The processing unit 10 may determine whether the system load matches the allowable upper limit, or may determine whether the system load has reached a certain percentage of the allowable upper limit.

[0104] If it is determined that the system load of the facility is approaching a predetermined allowable upper limit (S205: YES), the processing unit 10 identifies the charging / discharging device 2 to which a dischargeable electric vehicle V is connected (step S206). In step S206, the processing unit 10 identifies, for example, the charging / discharging device 2 to which a dischargeable electric vehicle V is connected, the battery capacity of which is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount, or the charge rate of which is equal to or greater than a predetermined rate.

[0105] The processing unit 10 starts (continues) discharging the identified charging / discharging device 2 so as to supply power to the electrical equipment 4 of the facility (step S207), and ends the processing. Step S207 makes it possible to cut load peaks. Discharging is temporarily stopped when the storage battery VB of the target electric vehicle V reaches the minimum remaining battery capacity, or when load peaks no longer occur.

[0106] If it is determined in step S204 that the electric vehicle V is not connected to any of the plurality of charging / discharging devices 2 that are capable of discharging (S204: NO), the processing unit 10 proceeds to step S208, which will be described later.

[0107] In step S205, if it is determined that the system load of the facility is not approaching within the predetermined range of the predetermined capacity (S205: NO), it means that there is a margin between the system load and the capacity.

[0108] The processing unit 10 determines whether there is a connected electric vehicle V that is scheduled to be used (step S208). In step S208, the processing unit 10 determines, for example, whether there is a connected electric vehicle V that is within a predetermined time until the scheduled time of use.

[0109] If it is determined that there is an electric vehicle V scheduled for use (S208: YES), the processing unit 10 calculates a charging power value for charging the storage battery VB of the target electric vehicle V (step S209). In step S209, the processing unit 10 determines a charging power value within the range of the remaining capacity between the grid load and the allowable capacity. The processing unit 10 starts (continues) charging the electric vehicle V, which has a scheduled time until use, with the calculated charging power value (step S210), and ends the processing. As described above, charging is temporarily stopped when the storage battery VB of the target electric vehicle V is fully charged, or when there is no remaining capacity between the grid load and the allowable capacity.

[0110] In step S208, if it is determined that the time until the scheduled use time is within a predetermined time and there is no connected electric vehicle V (S208: NO), the processing unit 10 determines the power value for charging the storage battery VB that is not fully charged, within a range that does not excessively increase the grid load (step S211). The processing unit 10 starts (continues) charging the charging / discharging device 2 connected to the electric vehicle V equipped with the storage battery VB that is not fully charged, using the determined power value (step S212), and ends the processing.

[0111] In this way, the power management system 100 of the first embodiment performs a guidance process to connect the electric vehicle V to an appropriate charging / discharging device 2, and actually controls the multiple charging / discharging devices 2 to which the electric vehicle V is appropriately connected in accordance with the supply and demand situation. In a facility where multiple charging / discharging devices 2 are installed, it is possible to appropriately use the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V as a power storage system while maintaining its function as a means of transportation for the electric vehicle V, and to use it to reduce demand on the power grid.

[0112] (Second embodiment) In the second embodiment, another method of charge / discharge control by the power management device 1 in a state where a plurality of electric vehicles V can be connected to a plurality of charge / discharge devices 2 will be described.

[0113] The configuration of the power management system 100 of the second embodiment is similar to the configuration of the power management system 100 shown in the first embodiment, except for the details of the processing by the power management device 1, which will be described later. Therefore, among the configuration of the power management system 100 of the second embodiment, the configuration common to the power management system 100 of the first embodiment is assigned the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0114] In the second embodiment, the power management device 1 controls the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V so that it can be secured as a destination for distribution of surplus power in an emergency, and similarly, so that power can be supplied to the electric device 4 in an emergency.

[0115] In principle, when charging, the power management device 1 completes charging when the full charge capacity, which is the specification value of each electric vehicle V, is reached. In principle, when discharging, the power management device 1 completes discharging when the capacity falls below the minimum capacity, which is the specification value of each electric vehicle V.

[0116] In contrast, the power management device 1 in the second embodiment sets an upper limit on charging to ensure a minimum total free capacity for the multiple electric vehicles V in the facility, and sets discharge conditions to ensure a minimum total battery capacity.

[0117] In the second embodiment, the storage unit 11 of the power management device 1 stores performance data of past power generation amounts (power generation performance data) from the power generation system 3 in association with the year and month. The power generation performance data may be stored in association with date and time and weather information (weather, sunshine hours, temperature), or may be stored as average data for each year and month. The power generation performance data may be stored in the storage unit 61 of the server device 6, which will be described later. When the processing unit 10 acquires the amount of power generation from the power generation system 3, it stores the amount of power generation in the storage unit 11 for each unit period (e.g., one hour, one day). The processing unit 10 may calculate statistics over a predetermined interval (e.g., one week, one month, etc.) and store the statistical values ​​(average, median, mode, outliers removed) in the storage unit 11.

[0118] The storage unit 11 stores historical data (usage history data) of the amount of electricity used by the electrical appliances 4 in the facility in association with the year, month, and date. The usage history data may be stored in association with the date, time, and weather information (weather, temperature). The usage history data may be stored in the storage unit 61 of the server device 6, which will be described later. The storage unit 11 may store, as the historical data, the time distribution of the difference between the amount of power generated and the amount of power used by the electrical appliances 4.

[0119] In the second embodiment, the processing unit 10 of the power management device 1 calculates and determines the minimum free capacity and minimum battery capacity for each unit time period based on the actual data of the amount of power generated and the amount of electricity used stored in the storage unit 11. Figure 10 is a flowchart showing an example of the determination procedure in the second embodiment. The processing unit 10 executes the following process for each unit time period.

[0120] The processing unit 10 refers to the power generation record data and the usage record data (step S301). The processing unit 10 calculates the difference between the power generation record data and the usage record data for each day (step S302). The processing unit 10 aggregates the daily differences for a unit period by type specified by a predetermined rule (step S303). In step S303, the processing unit 10 considers combinations of facility operating days and facility holidays, weather (sunny or not), and seasons (peak power generation and power consumption) as types. This is because the supply and demand balance differs between operating days on sunny winter days, holidays on sunny winter days, operating days on cloudy winter days, and holidays on cloudy winter days.

[0121] The processing unit 10 determines the minimum free space and minimum battery capacity for each type from the aggregation for each type (step S304), stores them in the storage unit 11 (step S305), and ends the process.

[0122] The power management device 1 controls charging and discharging using the minimum free capacity and minimum battery capacity for each type stored in the storage unit 11. At a predetermined timing (for example, at midnight every day), the processing unit 10 determines the minimum free capacity and minimum battery capacity to be secured for that day.

[0123] In the second embodiment, the processing unit 10 also executes the processing shown in Figures 8 and 9. In this case, the processing unit 10 stops charging during charging so as to ensure a minimum available capacity, and stops discharging during discharging so as to ensure a minimum battery capacity, except during periods when surplus power is generated and when the grid load is approaching or has reached the allowable upper limit. Figure 11 is a flowchart showing an example of processing during charge / discharge control in the second embodiment. The processing unit 10 executes the following processing procedure.

[0124] The processing unit 10 acquires the charge rate (remaining battery capacity) of the storage battery VB of each electric vehicle V connected to each charging / discharging device 2 during charging / discharging (step S311). Based on the acquired charge rate (remaining battery capacity), the processing unit 10 calculates the total remaining battery capacity of the storage batteries VB of the electric vehicles V connected to the multiple charging / discharging devices 2 (step S312).

[0125] The processing unit 10 determines whether the total available capacity is equal to or less than the minimum available capacity based on the calculated remaining battery capacity (step S313). If it is determined that the total available capacity is equal to or less than the minimum available capacity (S313: YES), the processing unit 10 determines whether surplus power is being generated (step S314). If it is determined that surplus power is being generated (S314: YES), the processing unit 10 ignores the minimum available capacity (step S315), continues charging in the target charging / discharging device 2 (step S316), and ends one processing cycle.

[0126] If it is determined that surplus power is not being generated (S314: NO), the processing unit 10 stops charging (step S317) and ends one processing iteration.

[0127] In step S313, if it is determined that the total free capacity is not equal to or less than the minimum free capacity (S313: NO), it determines whether the total battery capacity has reached the minimum battery capacity (step S318). If it is determined that the total maximum battery capacity has reached the minimum battery capacity (S318: YES), the processing unit 10 determines whether a load peak is occurring (step S319). If it is determined that a load peak is occurring (S319: YES), the processing unit 10 ignores the minimum battery capacity (step S320), continues discharging in the target charging / discharging device 2 (step S321), and ends one processing cycle.

[0128] If it is determined that a load peak is not occurring (S319: NO), the processing unit 10 stops the discharge (step S322) and ends one processing iteration.

[0129] If it is determined that the total battery capacity has not reached the minimum battery capacity (S318: NO), the processing unit 10 continues charging and discharging (step S323) and ends one processing cycle.

[0130] In steps S206 and S207, the processing unit 10 determines the discharge power value while ensuring the total minimum battery capacity. The processing unit 10 may perform control so that the minimum battery capacity increases as the battery capacity of the storage battery VB when fully charged increases.

[0131] Fig. 12 is an explanatory diagram of how the minimum battery capacity and the minimum available capacity are determined. Similar to the example shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 12 shows that nine charging / discharging devices 2, labeled A to I, are installed in a facility. Also, Fig. 12 shows electric vehicles V connected to the charging / discharging devices 2, labeled X, Z, W, and U, similar to the example shown in Fig. 7.

[0132] In the example shown in Fig. 12, electric vehicles V indicated by W and V indicated by U are capable of discharging and are connected to a charger / discharger 2 indicated by E (a charger / discharger capable of charging and discharging at 5 kW) and a charger / discharger 2 indicated by G (a charger / discharger capable of charging and discharging at 10 kW), respectively. Electric vehicle V indicated by X is connected to a charge-only charger / discharger 2 indicated by A (charging only at 3 kW).

[0133] The battery capacity of the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V, indicated by W, when fully charged is 40 kWh, and the battery capacity of the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V, indicated by U, when fully charged is 70 kWh. If the minimum battery capacity for a certain day is set to 15 kWh by the processing procedure described with reference to FIG. 10, the processing unit 10 allocates the battery capacities at a ratio of 4:7 when fully charged. In this case, the minimum battery capacity of the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V, indicated by W, is controlled to be 5.5 (=(4 / 11)×15) kWh, and the minimum battery capacity of the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V, indicated by U, is controlled to be 9.5 (=(7 / 11)×15) kWh.

[0134] In the example shown in FIG. 12, the processing unit 10 determines the charging power value while leaving the minimum available capacity as a reserve. In this case, the processing unit 10 may also control the battery VB so that the larger the battery capacity when fully charged is, the larger the available capacity is. The battery capacities when fully charged of the electric vehicle V indicated by X, the electric vehicle V indicated by W, and the electric vehicle V indicated by U are 10 kWh, 40 kWh, and 70 kWh, respectively. If the minimum available capacity on a certain day is 20 kWh, the processing unit 10 allocates the battery capacity when fully charged in a ratio of 1:4:7. The processing unit 10 sets the minimum available capacity of the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V indicated by X to 1.6 kWh (=(1 / 12)×20) Wh, allowing charging up to 8.4 kWh, and sets the minimum available capacity of the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V indicated by W to 6.7 kWh (=(4 / 11)×20) Wh, allowing charging up to 33.3 kWh. Similarly, the minimum available capacity of the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V indicated by U is set to 11.7 (= (7 / 11) × 20) kWh, and it can be charged up to 58.3 kWh.

[0135] (Variation 1) In the first modification, the processing unit 10 of the power management device 1 acquires a usage schedule from the server device 6 and controls how to distribute the minimum battery capacity among the storage batteries VB of the multiple electric vehicles V. In steps S206 and S207 described above, for example, as shown in FIG. 12 , if the electric vehicle V designated by Z, the electric vehicle V designated by W, and the electric vehicle V designated by U are capable of discharging, the processing unit 10 can determine that the battery capacities of the three vehicles when fully charged are 40 kWh, 40 kWh, and 70 kWh. In principle, the processing unit 10 distributes the minimum battery capacity in a ratio of 4:4:7. If the minimum battery capacity is 15 kWh, the processing unit 10 controls the remaining battery capacity of the electric vehicle V designated by Z and the electric vehicle V designated by W to a minimum of 4 (= (4 / 15) × 15) kWh, and the electric vehicle V designated by U to a minimum of 7 (= (7 / 15) × 15) kWh. However, if electric vehicle V indicated by W is scheduled to be used during a time period when a load peak occurs, the power is allocated in a ratio of 4:0:7, so that electric vehicle V indicated by Z has a remaining battery capacity of 5.5 (=(4 / 11)×15) kWh, and electric vehicle V indicated by U has a remaining battery capacity of at least 9.5 (=(7 / 11)×15) kWh. When electric vehicle V indicated by W returns to the facility and is connected to charging / discharging device 2 again, processing unit 10 may again control the power allocation to be 4:4:7.

[0136] In this way, the power management system 100 of the second embodiment and its modified example enables the electric vehicle V to be connected to an appropriate charging / discharging device 2 by induction, and then actually controls charging / discharging by multiple charging / discharging devices 2 according to the supply and demand situation.

[0137] (Third embodiment) The third embodiment shows another method of charge / discharge control by the power management device 1 in a state where a plurality of electric vehicles V can be connected to a plurality of charge / discharge devices 2. In the third embodiment, the processing unit 10 of the power management device 1 controls the charge power value and the discharge power value according to the status of the storage battery VB or the charge / discharge device 2 itself, so that charging / discharging is not biased toward the storage battery VB of any one of the charge / discharge devices 2.

[0138] The configuration of the power management system 100 of the third embodiment is similar to the configuration of the power management system 100 shown in the first embodiment, except for the details of the processing by the power management device 1, which will be described later. Therefore, among the configuration of the power management system 100 of the third embodiment, the configuration common to the power management system 100 of the first embodiment is assigned the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0139] In the third embodiment, the processing unit 10 also executes the processes shown in Figures 8 and 9. In the third embodiment, the processing unit 10 determines the charge power value and the discharge power value according to the state of the storage battery VB when charging or discharging. For example, in step S206 of the procedures shown in Figures 8 and 9, the processing unit 10 may control the discharge power value to be larger as the free capacity of the storage battery VB is larger.

[0140] Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a method for determining a discharge power value. In the example shown in Fig. 13, three electric vehicles, namely, electric vehicle V indicated by Z, electric vehicle V indicated by W, and electric vehicle V indicated by U, are connected to charge / discharge devices 2 indicated by D, E, and G, which are capable of discharging, respectively. The battery capacities of these three vehicles when fully charged are 40 kWh, 40 kWh, and 70 kWh. In the example shown in Fig. 13, the remaining battery capacities of the three vehicles are 5 kWh, 30 kWh, and 10 kWh, respectively, and the ratio of the remaining battery capacities is 1:6:2. Therefore, the processing unit 10 allocates the power values ​​during discharge at a ratio of 1:6:2. If there is a high possibility that a load peak will occur and, for example, 15 kW of power will need to be supplied to the electrical equipment 4 (step S205: YES), the processing unit 10 determines that the discharge power value of the electric vehicle V indicated by Z will be 1.7 (= (1 / 9) × 15) kW, the discharge power value of the electric vehicle V indicated by W will be 10 (= (6 / 9) × 15) kW, and the discharge power value of the electric vehicle V indicated by U will be 3.3 (= (2 / 9) × 15) kW.

[0141] FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a method for determining a charging power value. In the example shown in FIG. 14, as in FIG. 13, three electric vehicles, namely, an electric vehicle V designated by Z, an electric vehicle V designated by W, and an electric vehicle V designated by U, are connected to charging / discharging devices 2 designated by D, E, and G, respectively. In the example shown in FIG. 14, when the available capacities of the electric vehicles are 20 kWh, 10 kWh, and 30 kWh, respectively, the ratio of the available capacities is 2:3:1. Therefore, the processing unit 10 allocates the charging power values ​​in a ratio of 2:1:3. If there is a high possibility that surplus power will be generated, for example, if surplus power of 15 kW will be generated (S201: YES), the processing unit 10 determines the charging power value of the electric vehicle V designated by Z to be 5 (= (2 / 6) × 15) kW, the charging power value of the electric vehicle V designated by W to be 2.5 (= (1 / 6) × 15) kW, and the charging power value of the electric vehicle V designated by U to be 7.5 (= (3 / 6) × 15) kW.

[0142] FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of another example of a method for determining a charge power value. In the example shown in FIG. 15, as in FIG. 14, three electric vehicles, namely, electric vehicle V indicated by Z, electric vehicle V indicated by W, and electric vehicle V indicated by U, are connected to charge / discharge devices 2 indicated by D, E, and G, respectively. The rated output of charge / discharge devices 2 indicated by D and E is 5 kW, and the rated output of charge / discharge device 2 indicated by G is 10 kW, with the ratio on that day being 1:1:2. Processing unit 10 allocates the charge power values ​​in a 1:1:2 ratio. If there is a high possibility that surplus power will be generated, for example, if surplus power of 12 kW is generated (S201: YES), processing unit 10 determines the charge power value of electric vehicles V indicated by Z and W to be 3 (= (1 / 4) × 12) kW, and the charge power value of electric vehicle V indicated by U to be 6 (= (2 / 4) × 12) kW.

[0143] In the processing procedure described in the third embodiment, as in the second embodiment, the processing unit 10 of the power management device 1 preferably uses a minimum battery capacity that should be maintained even during discharging and a minimum free capacity that should be maintained even during charging for the storage battery VB of each electric vehicle V. The processing unit 10 determines a charging power value or a discharging power value according to the processing procedures shown in Figures 13 to 15, and stops discharging during discharging so that the battery capacity does not fall below the minimum battery capacity of each electric vehicle V, or stops charging during charging so that the minimum free capacity is maintained.

[0144] In this way, in the power management system 100 of the third embodiment, after the electric vehicle V is connected to an appropriate charging / discharging device 2 by induction, it is possible to actually control charging / discharging by multiple charging / discharging devices 2 according to the supply and demand situation.

[0145] (Fourth embodiment) In the third embodiment, when surplus power occurs, charging power is allocated and the surplus power is distributed simultaneously and in parallel to charge a plurality of electric vehicles V, and when a load peak occurs, discharging power is allocated and the plurality of storage batteries VB are discharged simultaneously and in parallel. In contrast, in the fourth embodiment, load peaks and surplus power are handled by continuing discharging or charging for a long period of time, with a time lag rather than simultaneously and in parallel.

[0146] The configuration of the power management system 100 of the fourth embodiment is similar to the configuration of the power management system 100 shown in the first embodiment, except for the details of the processing by the power management device 1, which will be described later. Therefore, among the configuration of the power management system 100 of the fourth embodiment, the configuration common to the power management system 100 of the first embodiment is assigned the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0147] In the fourth embodiment, the processing unit 10 also executes the processes shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9. In the fourth embodiment, the processing unit 10 determines the charging power value and the discharging power value according to the state of the storage battery VB when charging or discharging.

[0148] 16 is a flowchart showing an example of charge / discharge control in the fourth embodiment. The power management device 1 performs charge / discharge control using a plurality of charge / discharge devices 2 by repeatedly and continuously executing the following processing based on a control program P1.

[0149] The processing unit 10 determines whether surplus power is being generated from the power generation system 3 (step S401). When the processing unit 10 determines that surplus power is being generated (S401: YES), it determines a charging / discharging device 2 that can supply surplus power from among the multiple charging / discharging devices 2 (step S402). In step S402, the processing unit 10 determines, for example, a charging / discharging device 2 to which an electric vehicle V with the largest free capacity in the storage battery VB is connected, or a charging / discharging device 2 to which the largest charging power value can be set. The processing unit 10 acquires a usage schedule from the server device 6 and determines, as the target, a charging / discharging device 2 to which an electric vehicle V whose next scheduled use is furthest in the future is connected, among the currently connected electric vehicles V. Conversely, the processing unit 10 excludes, from the target, a charging / discharging device 2 to which an electric vehicle V whose next scheduled use is scheduled within a predetermined time, such as 12 hours, is connected, among the currently connected electric vehicles V. If an electric vehicle V that prioritizes the V2X function over its function as a means of transportation is present in the facility, its use plan will not be registered, and therefore the charging / discharging device 2 to which the electric vehicle V that prioritizes the V2X function is connected is determined as the target with priority. The processing unit 10 also determines the charging / discharging device 2 to which the electric vehicle V has recently been connected as the target.

[0150] Based on the remaining battery capacity of the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V connected to the determined charging / discharging device 2, it is determined whether the available capacity is equal to or less than a predetermined first amount (step S403). If it is determined that the available capacity of the target storage battery VB is equal to or less than the predetermined first amount (S403: YES), the processing unit 10 returns to the process of step S402 and re-determines a charging / discharging device 2 to which another electric vehicle V is connected.

[0151] If it is determined that the available capacity of the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V connected to the target charging / discharging device 2 is not less than the predetermined first amount (S403: NO), the processing unit 10 continues charging the storage battery VB of the target electric vehicle V (step S404) and ends one processing cycle.

[0152] If it is determined in step S401 that surplus power is not occurring (S401: NO), the processing unit 10 determines whether or not a load peak is occurring in the system load of the facility (step S405). In step S405, the processing unit 10 determines whether or not the system load of the facility is approaching a predetermined allowable upper limit.

[0153] If it is determined that a load peak has occurred (S405: YES), the processing unit 10 determines, from among the multiple charging / discharging devices 2, a charging / discharging device 2 that can supply power to the electrical appliance 4 (step S406). In step S406, the processing unit 10 determines, for example, from among the connected electric vehicles V, the charging / discharging device 2 to which the electric vehicle V with the largest remaining battery capacity of the storage battery VB is connected, or the charging / discharging device 2 to which the largest discharge power value can be set.

[0154] Based on the remaining battery capacity of the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V connected to the determined charging / discharging device 2, it is determined whether the remaining battery capacity of the target storage battery VB is equal to or less than a predetermined second amount (step S407). If it is determined that the remaining battery capacity of the target storage battery VB is equal to or less than the predetermined second amount (S407: YES), the processing unit 10 returns the process to step S406 and re-determines a charging / discharging device 2 to which another electric vehicle V is connected.

[0155] If it is determined that the remaining battery capacity of the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V connected to the target charging / discharging device 2 is not less than the predetermined second amount (S407: NO), the processing unit 10 continues discharging the storage battery VB of the target electric vehicle V (step S408) and ends one processing cycle.

[0156] If it is determined in step S405 that no load peak has occurred (S405: NO), the processing unit 10 continues the ongoing charging / discharging while neither surplus power nor load peak has occurred (step S409). The processing unit 10 ends one processing iteration.

[0157] Fig. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a method for determining a target for charge / discharge control in the fourth embodiment. In the example shown in Fig. 17, similar to Fig. 14, three electric vehicles, namely, electric vehicle V indicated by Z, electric vehicle V indicated by W, and electric vehicle V indicated by U, are connected to charge / discharge devices 2 indicated by D, E, and G, respectively. The battery capacities of the three vehicles Z, W, and U when fully charged are 40 kWh, 40 kWh, and 70 kWh, and in the state shown in Fig. 17, the remaining battery capacities are 4 kWh, 4 kWh, and 7 kWh, respectively, to leave a minimum battery capacity of 15 kWh in total.

[0158] 17, when it is determined that surplus power has been generated (S401: YES), in the fourth embodiment, the processing unit 10 determines in step S402 that the charging / discharging device 2 connected to the electric vehicle V indicated by U that can be determined to have the largest battery capacity when fully charged is the target charging / discharging device 2. For example, the processing unit 10 determines that the target charging / discharging device 2 is the electric vehicle V indicated by U that has an available capacity of 63 kWh. When the available capacity of the storage battery VB of the electric vehicle V indicated by Z is larger than the others, the processing unit 10 determines that the charging / discharging device 2 connected to this electric vehicle V indicated by Z is the charging / discharging device 2 that can supply surplus power for charging (S402).

[0159] Fig. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a method for determining a target for charge / discharge control in the fourth embodiment. In the processing procedure of the fourth embodiment shown in Fig. 16, the processing unit 10 subsequently determines, for example, the W charging / discharging device 2 as the target (S402) when the available capacity of the charging / discharging device 2 indicated by U, for example, becomes equal to or less than a predetermined first amount (such as 10 kW) (S403: YES). This allows another charging / discharging device 2 to be determined as the charging target without ensuring available capacity and fully charging the charging / discharging device 2. An electric vehicle V having a storage battery VB with as much available capacity as possible is determined, and the same storage battery VB is charged as continuously as possible. Even if the available capacity of one electric vehicle V decreases while surplus power is being generated, it is possible to continuously operate the charging / discharging devices 2 that can charge.

[0160] In the fourth embodiment, the processing unit 10 also uses the usage schedule to determine, among the connected electric vehicles V, electric vehicles V that are not scheduled for use as priority vehicles for charging and discharging, and controls charging and discharging in consideration of the minimum battery capacity and minimum available capacity in the entire facility. This makes it possible to actually control charging and discharging by multiple charging and discharging devices 2 according to the supply and demand situation.

[0161] The embodiments disclosed above are illustrative in all respects and are not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes all modifications within the meaning and scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0162] 100 Power Management System 1 Power management device 10 Processing section 11 Storage section P1 control program 2 Charge / discharge device 3 Power generation system 4. Electrical Equipment 6 Server equipment 60 Processing section 61 Storage section P6 Information Processing Program 8 Output Devices 81, 82, 83, 84 Display 86, 87, 88 Speakers E Power system (external power source) V Vehicle (electric vehicle) VB storage battery

Claims

1. a plurality of charging / discharging devices that charge and / or discharge storage batteries that are driving power sources of the connected electric vehicles; a power management device that controls the exchange of power in a facility where the plurality of charging / discharging devices are installed; an output device that outputs information to a driver of the electric vehicle; Including, acquiring information on the battery capacity of the storage battery of an electric vehicle that is to be connected to any one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices; selecting a charging / discharging device to which the electric vehicle should be connected from the plurality of charging / discharging devices based on the acquired battery capacity information and the power supply and demand situation in the facility; The information for identifying the selected charging / discharging device is output from the output device. Charging and discharging system.

2. obtaining a planned use schedule for an electric vehicle that is to be connected to one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices; A charging / discharging device to which the electric vehicle should be connected is selected from the plurality of charging / discharging devices based on information on the battery capacity of the electric vehicle and the supply and demand situation of electricity in the facility. The charging / discharging system according to claim 1 .

3. the plurality of charging / discharging devices include a plurality of types of charging / discharging devices with different charging power values ​​and discharging power values, calculating, for an electric vehicle that is to be connected to one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices, a charging power value required for charging the electric vehicle by the next scheduled time of use from a remaining battery capacity included in the acquired battery capacity information; Select a charging / discharging device that satisfies the calculated charging power value The charging / discharging system according to claim 2 .

4. determining, for an electric vehicle that is to be connected to any one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices, whether or not a load peak of an electric device in the facility is expected until the next scheduled time of use of the electric vehicle, based on a planned use schedule of the electric vehicle; When it is determined that a predicted peak is expected, it is determined whether or not the storage battery of the electric vehicle can discharge at a discharge power value that contributes to eliminating the load peak; If it is determined that discharge is possible, a charge / discharge device capable of discharging at the discharge power value is selected. The charging / discharging system according to claim 1 .

5. determining whether or not surplus power is expected to be generated from a power generation system that supplies power to electrical equipment in the facility by the next scheduled time of use of an electric vehicle that is scheduled to be connected to any of the plurality of charging / discharging devices, based on a scheduled use schedule of the electric vehicle; If it is determined that surplus power is expected to be generated, it is determined whether or not the storage battery of the electric vehicle can be charged with the surplus power; If it is determined that charging is possible, a charging / discharging device that can charge with the surplus power is selected. The charging / discharging system according to claim 1 .

6. The output device is a lamp provided on the plurality of charging / discharging devices, a display on the plurality of charging / discharging devices, a display mounted on the electric vehicle, a display provided at a location where the plurality of charging / discharging devices are installed, or a display on a communication terminal device carried by the driver. The charging / discharging system according to claim 1 .

7. When the electric vehicle is connected to any one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices and it is determined that the load peak is expected, a discharge power value to be discharged from each of the plurality of dischargeable storage batteries of the electric vehicles connected to the plurality of charging / discharging devices is determined by distributing the power value that is insufficient at the load peak. The charging / discharging system according to claim 4 .

8. Distributing the power value that is insufficient at the load peak in accordance with the ratio of remaining battery capacity of each of the plurality of dischargeable electric vehicles; The power value after distribution is determined as a discharge power value of the charging / discharging device to which the plurality of electric vehicles are connected. The charging / discharging system according to claim 7 .

9. When the electric vehicle is connected to any one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices and it is determined that the generation of the surplus power is expected, a charging power value to be charged to each of the storage batteries of the plurality of electric vehicles connected to the plurality of charging / discharging devices is determined by distributing the surplus power. The charging / discharging system according to claim 5 .

10. Distributing the power value of the surplus power based on a ratio of available capacity of each storage battery of the plurality of electric vehicles; The power value after distribution is determined as a charging power value of the charging / discharging device to which the plurality of electric vehicles are connected. The charging / discharging system according to claim 9 .

11. A total minimum available capacity is set for the storage batteries of the electric vehicles connected to the charging / discharging devices while no surplus power is being generated from the power generation system installed in the facility. The charging / discharging system according to claim 1 .

12. A total minimum battery capacity is set for the storage batteries of the electric vehicles connected to the charging / discharging devices while no load peak due to demand from the electrical equipment of the facility occurs. The charging / discharging system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

13. Identifying an electric vehicle to be connected to one of a plurality of charging / discharging devices that charge and / or discharge a storage battery serving as a driving power source of the connected electric vehicle; acquiring information about the battery capacity of the storage battery of the electric vehicle; acquiring a supply and demand status of electricity from a power management device that controls the exchange of electricity in the facility where the plurality of charging and discharging devices are installed; selecting a charging / discharging device to which the electric vehicle should be connected from the plurality of charging / discharging devices based on the acquired battery capacity information and the power supply and demand situation in the facility; Outputting information identifying the selected charging / discharging device to the driver of the electric vehicle. A charge / discharge control method including a process.

14. A computer connected to a plurality of charging / discharging devices that charge and / or discharge storage batteries that are drive power sources of connected electric vehicles, a power management device that controls the exchange of power in a facility where the plurality of charging / discharging devices are installed, and an output device that outputs information to a driver of the electric vehicle, acquiring information on the battery capacity of the storage battery of an electric vehicle that is to be connected to any one of the plurality of charging / discharging devices; selecting a charging / discharging device to which the electric vehicle should be connected from the plurality of charging / discharging devices based on the acquired battery capacity information and the power supply and demand situation in the facility; The information for identifying the selected charging / discharging device is output from the output device. A computer program that executes a process.

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