Finishing Tools

Abstract

Extends tool tip life. [Solution] The finishing tool 10 has a housing 19 having a cylindrical holder chamber 19a that opens toward the tip and is arranged along a central axis 1, a slide sleeve 23b that is arranged in the holder chamber 19a coaxially with the central axis 1 and rotates only in a first direction 2, a drive sleeve 25b that is arranged in the holder chamber 19a coaxially with the central axis 1 and rotates only in the first direction 2, a tool tip 31 having a spherical surface 31a at its tip, and a tip holder 27 that passes through the slide sleeve 23b and the drive sleeve 25b and can move back and forth between an advancing end 5 and a retracting end 6, the tip of which can have the tool tip 31 attached, and which moves axially relative to the slide sleeve 23b and rotates in the first direction 2 as it moves toward the tip relative to the drive sleeve 25b.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a finishing tool. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, finishing tools having a spherical machining surface have been known (for example, JP 2006-187821 A, hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 1). With this finishing tool, the machining surface is pressed against the workpiece. When one portion of the machining surface is used multiple times, the machining surface eventually becomes worn or damaged. When this happens, the surface of the workpiece becomes rough. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] The finishing tool of Patent Document 1 can be mounted upside down, allowing machining to be performed in two locations. First, a tool tip (e.g., a diamond tip) is attached to a tip holder with the front side facing up, and machining is performed using a first portion of the tool tip. When the first portion is worn or damaged, the tool tip is attached to the tip holder with the back side facing up, and machining is performed using a second portion of the tool tip. Although the tool tip can be used twice in this way, there has been a demand for more efficient use of expensive tool tips. The present invention aims to extend the life of the tool tip. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] A first aspect of the present invention is a housing having a cylindrical holder chamber that opens toward the tip and is disposed along a central axis; a slide sleeve disposed in the holder chamber coaxially with the central axis and rotating only in a first direction; a drive sleeve disposed in the holder chamber coaxially with the central axis and rotating only in the first direction; a tool tip having a spherical surface at its tip; a tip holder that penetrates the slide sleeve and the drive sleeve and is reciprocable between an advance end and a retreat end, the tool tip can be attached to a tip end of the tip holder, the tip holder moves in an axial direction relative to the slide sleeve, and rotates in the first direction as it moves toward the tip end relative to the drive sleeve; A finishing tool having:

[0005] The finishing tool is, for example, a grinding wheel dresser or a mirror finishing tool. The slide joint is, for example, a pin (slide pin) or a roller (slide roller). The slide joint protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the tip holder. The drive joint is, for example, a pin (drive pin) or a roller (drive roller), and protrudes from the outer circumferential surface of the tip holder. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] According to the present invention, the life of the tool tip can be extended. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a finishing tool according to an embodiment; [Figure 2] Arrow II view of Figure 1 [Figure 3] Cross section of line III-III in Figure 1 [Figure 4] Cross section of line IV-IV in Figure 1 [Figure 5A] 1 is a development view of the outer peripheral surfaces of a slide sleeve and a drive sleeve according to an embodiment; [Figure 5B] 1 is a development view of the outer peripheral surfaces of a slide sleeve and a drive sleeve according to an embodiment; [Figure 6] Cam diagram of the embodiment DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] 1, a mirror finishing tool 10 of this embodiment includes a shank 11, an adjustment plug 15, a spring (second elastic body) 17, a knuckle pin 13, a housing 19, a knuckle fitting 21, a first one-way clutch 23, a second one-way clutch 25, a thrust bearing 22, a tip holder 27, a slide pin (slide joint) 29, a drive pin (drive joint) 30, a spring (first elastic body) 28, and a tool tip 31. Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in Fig. 2. The mirror-finishing tool 10 is for use in a lathe. The mirror-finishing tool 10 is attached to a tool post in place of a cutting tool. The rightward direction in Fig. 1 is the +X direction. The upward direction in Fig. 1 is the +Y direction. The rightward direction in Fig. 2 is the +Z direction. For convenience, the -X direction is referred to as the tip direction. The +X direction is referred to as the base direction. The +Y direction is referred to as the upward direction.

[0009] As shown in FIG. 1, the shank 11 is crank-shaped when viewed from the Z direction. Preferably, the attachment portion to the tool post of a lathe (not shown) is arranged on the central axis 1. The shank 11 has a rectangular cross section. The shank 11 has a pin hole 11c, a spring chamber 11a, and an adjustment female screw 11b. The pin hole 11c is arranged at the tip of the shank 11. The pin hole 11c extends in the Z direction and passes through the shank 11. The spring chamber 11a and the adjustment female screw 11b are arranged further proximal than the pin hole 11c. The spring chamber 11a and the adjustment female screw 11b extend in the Y direction. The spring chamber 11a and the adjustment female screw 11b are arranged coaxially. The spring chamber 11a opens downward from the shank 11. The adjustment female screw 11b extends above the spring chamber 11a and passes through the shank 11. The adjusting female screw 11b has a smaller diameter than the spring chamber 11a. The knuckle pin 13 is fixed in the pin hole 11c.

[0010] The housing 19 has a rectangular cross section and extends in the X direction. The housing 19 has a holder chamber 19a, a cylinder bore 19b, a spring guide 19c, and a spring receiving surface 19d. A central axis 1 extends in the X direction. The holder chamber 19a, the cylinder bore 19b, and the spring guide 19c extend along the central axis 1. The cylinder bore 19b is a cylindrical bore with a bottom. The cylinder bore 19b penetrates the holder chamber 19a and opens to the tip surface of the housing 19. The holder chamber 19a is located in the center of the housing 19. The holder chamber 19a is a right cylinder. The holder chamber 19a has a larger diameter than the cylinder bore 19b. The spring guide 19c is located at the base end of the cylinder bore 19b. The spring guide 19c is, for example, a cylindrical bore or a cylindrical shaft. The spring bearing surface 19d is disposed on the upper surface of the base end portion of the housing 19. The spring bearing surface 19d is a flat surface. The spring bearing surface 19d is, for example, the bottom surface of a cylindrical hole.

[0011] As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of knuckle fittings 21 are disposed near the tip of the central portion of the housing 19. As shown in FIG. 2, the knuckle fittings 21 extend upward from the housing 19 so as to sandwich the shank 11. The knuckle pin 13 is inserted into the pin hole 11c and passes through the knuckle fittings 21 and the shank 11. The housing 19 can swing around the knuckle pin 13.

[0012] As shown in FIG. 1, the adjustment plug 15 has a contact portion 15a and an adjustment male screw 15b. The contact portion 15a is disk-shaped. The contact portion 15a is disposed in the spring chamber 11a. The adjustment male screw 15b extends upward from the contact portion 15a. The adjustment male screw 15b engages with the adjustment female screw 11b. By feeding out the adjustment plug 15, the pressing amount of the tool tip 31 is adjusted.

[0013] The spring 17 is a compression coil spring. The spring 17 is mounted between the contact portion 15a and the spring receiving surface 19d. The spring 17 is guided in the spring chamber 11a. The spring 17 biases the base end of the housing 19 downward.

[0014] 1, a thrust bearing 22, a second one-way clutch 25, and a first one-way clutch 23 are arranged in this order from the base end inside the holder chamber 19a. The thrust bearing 22 abuts against the base end surface of the holder chamber 19a.

[0015] The second one-way clutch 25 has a second outer ring 25a, a drive sleeve 25b, and a flange 25c. The outer peripheral surface of the second outer ring 25a abuts against the inner surface of the holder chamber 19a. The drive sleeve 25b rotates only in the first direction 2 (see FIG. 2) inside the second outer ring 25a. The inner peripheral surface of the drive sleeve 25b slides against the tip holder 27 in the rotational and axial directions. The flange 25c is disposed at the base end of the drive sleeve 25b. The flange 25c abuts against the thrust bearing 22.

[0016] The first one-way clutch 23 has a first outer ring 23a and a slide sleeve 23b. The outer peripheral surface of the first outer ring 23a abuts against the inner surface of the holder chamber 19a. The slide sleeve 23b rotates inside the first outer ring 23a only in the first direction 2. The inner peripheral surface of the slide sleeve 23b slides on the tip holder 27 in the axial direction.

[0017] The tip holder 27 is cylindrical. The tip holder 27 is supported in the holder chamber 19a via the slide sleeve 23b and the drive sleeve 25b. The tip holder 27 has a spring chamber 27a, a female thread 27b, and a pair of pin holes 27c. The tip holder 27 reciprocates between the forward end 5 and the backward end 6. Normally, the tip holder 27 is located at the forward end 5. There is a gap between the base end face of the tip holder 27 and the base end face of the cylinder bore 19b, the gap having a length equal to or greater than the stroke L1. The spring chamber 27a is located at the base end of the tip holder 27 along the central axis 1. The female thread 27b is located at the tip of the tip holder 27. The pin hole 27c extends in the Z direction and penetrates the tip holder 27. The pair of pin holes 27c are aligned in the X direction.

[0018] The spring 28 is a compression coil spring. The spring 28 is mounted between the spring chamber 27a and the spring guide 19c. The spring 28 is guided by the spring chamber 27a and the spring guide 19c. The spring 28 biases the tip holder 27 toward the distal end.

[0019] The tool tip 31 has a spherical surface 31a and a male thread 31b. The tool tip 31 is disposed at the tip of the tip holder 27. The tool tip 31 is fastened to the tip holder 27 by the male thread 31b and the female thread 27b. The spherical surface 31a is disposed at the tip of the tool tip 31 and on the central axis 1. The spherical surface 31a is made of diamond. The diamond may be, for example, a single crystal diamond, a polycrystalline diamond, or a sintered body of diamond crystal.

[0020] 3 and 5A, the slide sleeve 23b has a slide groove 23d. The slide groove 23d penetrates the slide sleeve 23b radially and extends in the X direction. The slide groove 23d extends parallel to the central axis 1. As shown in FIG. 5A, the width of the slide groove 23d is substantially equal to the diameter of the slide pin 29. The length of the slide groove 23d is equal to the stroke L1.

[0021] The slide pin 29 is a round bar. As shown in FIG. 3, the slide pin 29 passes through the tip holder 27 and protrudes from both ends of the tip holder 27. The slide pin 29 is disposed inside the slide groove 23d. The slide pin 29 is fastened to the pin hole 27c. The slide pin 29 slides in the axial direction inside the slide groove 23d.

[0022] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5A, the drive sleeve 25b has a drive groove 25d. The drive groove 25d penetrates the drive sleeve 25b in the radial direction. The drive groove 25d extends spirally. As the drive groove 25d advances toward the distal end, it moves in the first direction 2. As shown in FIG. 5A, the width of the drive groove 25d is substantially equal to the diameter of the drive pin 30. The length of the drive groove 25d in the X direction is equal to the stroke L1. The circumferential length L2 of the drive groove 25d is expressed by the following equation: L2=1 / 2×Dθ where: L2: circumferential stroke on the outer circumferential surface of the drive sleeve 25b (mm) D: Outer diameter of drive sleeve 25b (mm) θ: Angle (rad) by which the tip holder 27 rotates when pressed once

[0023] The drive pin 30 is disposed inside the drive groove 25d and slides in the axial and rotational directions inside the drive groove 25d. The rest of the structure of the drive pin 30 is substantially the same as that of the slide pin 29.

[0024] 1, 5A, 5B and 6, the method of use and operation of the mirror finishing tool 10 will be described. 6 shows cam diagrams 41 and 43. Cam diagram 41 shows the displacement angle Δθ1 (rad) (see FIG. 3) of slide sleeve 23b relative to the axial displacement ΔL (mm) (see FIG. 1) of slide pin 29. Cam diagram 43 shows the displacement angle Δθ2 (rad) (see FIG. 4) of drive sleeve 25b relative to the axial displacement ΔL of drive pin 30.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 1, a mirror-finishing tool 10 is attached to a tool rest (not shown) of a lathe. A workpiece 3 is attached to a spindle (not shown) of the lathe. The spindle is rotated. Then, the tool rest is moved in the -X direction to press the mirror-finishing tool 10 against the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 3. The cutting depth is, for example, 0.1 mm.

[0026] As a result, the spring 28 compresses, and the tool tip 31 and tip holder 27 retract together. As shown in FIG. 5A, the slide pin 29 slides axially inside the slide groove 23d. The drive pin 30 slides in the drive groove 25d. As shown in FIG. 5A, the drive groove 25d inclines in the direction opposite to the first direction 2 as the drive pin 30 moves toward the proximal end. The drive pin 30 receives a force from the drive groove 25d in the direction opposite to the first direction 2. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the drive pin 30 and slide pin 29 are fastened to the tip holder 27. Therefore, the slide pin 29 and the slide sleeve 23b receive a force in the direction opposite to the first direction 2. However, because the slide sleeve 23b can rotate only in the first direction 2, the slide sleeve 23b does not rotate. Therefore, the slide pin 29 and tip holder 27 retract without rotation. Then, the drive sleeve 25b is pushed by the drive pin 30 and rotates.

[0027] As shown in Figure 6, in cam diagram 41, the movement of the slide pin 29 and slide sleeve 23b is represented by a straight line going from 51 to 52. At this time, the displacement angle Δθ1 of the slide sleeve 23b does not change. In cam diagram 43, the movement of the drive pin 30 and drive sleeve 25b is represented by a straight line going from 55 to 56. The displacement amount ΔL of the drive pin 30 is L1. The displacement angle Δθ2 of the drive sleeve 25b during this time is θ1. When the tip holder 27 is retracted to the retraction end 6, the slide pin 29 and the drive pin 30 are retracted. Then, as shown in Fig. 5B, the drive sleeve 25b rotates in the circumferential direction by a distance L2. During this time, the slide sleeve 23b does not move.

[0028] Next, the tool post is fed in the spindle direction (Z direction) at a constant feed rate. At this time, the spherical surface 31a is pressed against the surface of the workpiece 3, causing burnishing. At this time, a thrust force F1 applied to the tool tip 31 acts on the housing 19. The point of application of the thrust force F1 is the tip of the tool tip 31. The direction of the thrust force F1 is the +X direction. The thrust force F1 rotates through the knuckle pin 13 and becomes force F2, which is applied to the spring 17. The spring 17 supports the housing 19 against force F2. Therefore, the force pressing the spherical surface 31a (the counter force of F1) is determined by the initial length of the spring 17. The thrust force F1 is adjusted by the amount of protrusion of the adjustment plug 15.

[0029] After machining is completed, the tool post is moved in the +X direction to separate the mirror-finishing tool 10 from the workpiece 3. The elastic force of the spring 28 causes the tool tip 31 and tip holder 27 to move forward together. At this time, as shown in FIG. 5B, the drive groove 25d receives a force in the direction opposite to the first direction 2. However, the drive sleeve 25b only rotates in the first direction 2. Therefore, the drive pin 30 rotates along the drive groove 25d. The slide pin 29 and tip holder 27 move together with the drive pin 30. As the slide pin 29 moves, the slide sleeve 23b rotates by a distance L2 in the first direction 2. As shown in Figure 6, in cam diagram 41, the movement of the slide pin 29 is represented by a straight line from 52 to 53. The displacement amount ΔL of the slide pin 29 is -L1. The displacement angle Δθ1 between the slide pin 29 and the slide sleeve 23b is θ1. In cam diagram 43, the movement of the drive sleeve 25b is represented by a straight line from 56 to 57. The displacement angle Δθ2 does not change.

[0030] As shown by the broken line in FIG. 6, during mirror finish machining, the tip holder 27 rotates one after another for each machining operation.

[0031] As shown in FIG. 2 , when the mirror-finishing tool 10 of this embodiment is repeatedly used, the usable portions of the tool tip 31 are displaced from the center by an angle θ1, from 61a to 61b, 61c, and 61d. The usable portions are the portions of the tool tip 31 that contact the workpiece 3. The usable portions 61a, 61b, 61c, and so on are located on the spherical surface 31a. During mirror finishing, the usable portion 61a is pressed into the workpiece 3 and subjected to large compressive stress from the workpiece 3. If the same usable portion 61a is repeatedly used, the tool tip 31 will be damaged by the repeated compressive stress. With the mirror-finishing tool 10 of this embodiment, the usable portions 61a, 61b, 61c, and so on move with each machining operation, thereby reducing damage to the tool tip 31. The tool tip 31 is made of a hard material such as diamond and is very expensive. Therefore, the mirror-finishing tool 10 of this embodiment can significantly reduce machining costs (tool costs).

[0032] The mirror-finishing tool of Patent Document 1 uses only two areas of the spherical surface at the tip of the tip, the front and back. Even when the tip reaches the end of its life, most of the spherical surface remains unused. In contrast, when the tool tip 31 of this embodiment reaches the end of its life, the entire circumference of the spherical surface 31a remains in use. This allows for saving material for the tool tip 31.

[0033] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention, and all technical matters included in the technical ideas described in the claims are subject to the present invention. The above-described embodiments are preferred examples, but a person skilled in the art can realize various alternatives, modifications, variations, or improvements from the contents disclosed in this specification, and these are included in the technical scope described in the appended claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0034] 1 Center axis 2 1st direction 10 Mirror finishing tools (finishing tools) 19 Housing 19a Holder chamber 23a Slide Sleeve 25b drive sleeve 27 Tip holder 31 Tool Tip 31a Spherical

Claims

1. A housing having a cylindrical holder chamber that opens towards the tip and is positioned along the central axis, A slide sleeve is positioned in the holder chamber coaxial with the central axis and rotates only in the first direction, A drive sleeve is positioned in the holder chamber coaxial with the central axis and rotates only in the first direction, A tool tip having a spherical tip, A tip holder that penetrates the slide sleeve and the drive sleeve, is capable of reciprocating between a forward end and a retracted end, has a tool tip mounted on its tip, moves axially relative to the slide sleeve, and rotates in a first direction as it moves toward the tip relative to the drive sleeve, A finishing tool having [specific features / qualities].

2. The holder chamber further comprises a first elastic body positioned at its base end and biasing the tip holder toward the tip. The finishing tool according to claim 1.

3. The slide sleeve has a slide groove positioned on its inner surface and extending parallel to the central axis, The drive sleeve has a drive groove positioned on the inner surface of the drive sleeve that extends in the first direction as it advances toward the tip, A slide section inserted into the aforementioned slide groove, A drive section inserted into the aforementioned drive groove, The finishing tool according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising the following:

4. The slide section and the drive section are pins. The finishing tool according to claim 3.

5. A first one-way clutch having the slide sleeve, A second one-way clutch having the aforementioned drive sleeve, The finishing tool according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising the following:

6. A bearing disposed at the base end of the holder chamber further comprises a bearing that supports the slide sleeve and the drive sleeve in the holder chamber so as to receive a thrust load. A finishing tool according to claim 1 or 2.

7. The tool tip is made of a hard material, The finishing tool is a mirror-finishing tool. A finishing tool according to claim 1 or 2.

8. It also has a shank, The housing is pivotably positioned on the shank, The second elastic body extends perpendicular to the central axis and further comprises a second elastic body that biases the shank in a direction that separates the housing from the shank. A finishing tool according to claim 1 or 2.

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