Exterior wall panel, exterior wall structure using the same, and construction method for exterior wall panel

Abstract

To provide an exterior wall panel which can sufficiently ensure fire resistance and watertightness with a simple structure in the vertical joints of exterior wall panels arranged in a row in the horizontal direction of the exterior wall of a building and has excellent workability, an exterior wall structure using the same, and a construction method for the exterior wall panel. A panel body having fire resistance; An exterior wall structure constructed by arranging and connecting multiple exterior wall panels horizontally around a building, the exterior wall panels having a sealing member made of flame-retardant rubber attached to the side end of the panel body so as to seal the vertical joint formed between two adjacent exterior wall panels, and non-combustible heat insulating material is provided in the vertical joint formed between the two exterior wall panels.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an exterior wall panel that constitutes the exterior wall of a building, an exterior wall structure using the same, and a method for installing the exterior wall panel. [Background technology]

[0002] In exterior walls constructed by connecting multiple exterior wall panels with fire prevention and fire resistance, the joints between the panels must also have fire prevention and fire resistance. The joints between the panels must also be watertight. Furthermore, the ease of construction of the joints between the panels must also be ensured.

[0003] In response to these demands, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a fire-resistant joint structure for vertical joints formed between horizontally adjacent exterior wall panels. Specifically, the technology described in Patent Document 1 uses exterior wall panel units constructed by arranging exterior wall panels horizontally, i.e., by fastening multiple horizontally extending exterior wall panels to vertical furring strips. The exterior wall of a building is then constructed by arranging and connecting multiple such exterior wall panel units. A sealing member is interposed in the vertical joints formed between the exterior wall panels of horizontally adjacent exterior wall panel units, and non-combustible insulation is attached to the interior side of the vertical joint, spanning both exterior wall panel units on both sides of the vertical joint. This non-combustible insulation is installed across the entire width between the vertical furring strips supporting the exterior wall panels of the exterior wall panel units on both sides of the vertical joint and is held down and fixed by insulation retaining members attached to the vertical furring strips. In this way, the sealing member ensures the watertightness of the vertical joint, and the non-combustible insulation ensures the fire resistance of the vertical joint. In addition, the non-combustible insulation can be installed from the indoor side between the vertical framing of the exterior wall panel units on both sides of the vertical joint, making it possible to carry out construction without scaffolding. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6511252 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6414857 [Non-patent literature]

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 1] Construction Materials Testing Center, "Fire Resistance Testing and Evaluation Procedures Manual," July 2021, p. 14 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, in the fire-resistant joint structure of vertical joints of exterior wall panels disclosed in Patent Document 1, non-combustible insulation installed across the vertical joints is held down and fixed by insulation retaining members attached to the vertical furring strips supporting the exterior wall panels of the exterior wall panel unit. Because these vertical furring strips extend vertically, the fire-resistant joint structure of vertical joints of exterior wall panels disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot be applied to horizontal joints. Patent Document 1 does not describe an example in which exterior wall panels are arranged vertically in each exterior wall panel unit, i.e., multiple vertically extending exterior wall panels are arranged horizontally and fixed to horizontal furring strips. As disclosed in Patent Document 1, horizontally installed exterior wall panels have more horizontal joints where rainwater and dust can easily accumulate. This generally results in inferior waterproofing and durability, and the exterior wall is more susceptible to staining, compared to vertically installed exterior wall panels.

[0007] Furthermore, in the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1, vertical furring strips that support the exterior wall panels of the exterior wall panel unit are used to fix the non-combustible insulation material across the vertical joints, but in such a structure, vertical furring strips must be placed on both sides of the vertical joints, which also necessitates a large number of vertical furring strips.

[0008] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide an exterior wall panel that has a simple structure that can sufficiently ensure fire resistance and watertightness in the vertical joints of exterior wall panels that are arranged in multiple rows horizontally on the exterior wall of a building, and that is also easy to install, as well as an exterior wall structure using such an exterior wall panel, and an installation method for the exterior wall panel. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The means for solving the above problems are as follows. [1] An exterior wall panel that forms the exterior wall of a building by arranging and connecting multiple panels horizontally around the periphery of the building, the exterior wall panel comprising: a panel body having fire resistance; a sealing member made of flame-retardant rubber that is provided on the side end of the panel body so as to seal the vertical joints formed between two adjacent exterior wall panels; and a fire-resistant covering material with temperature foaming properties that is provided on the side end of the panel body at a position that is closer to the exterior than the sealing member. [2] The side end portions of the panel body are formed in an uneven shape so as to engage with each other when two adjacent exterior wall panels are connected. [1] The exterior wall panel described in [1]. [3] The outer wall panel described in [1] or [2] has a groove portion in the side end portion of the panel body into which the sealing member of the panel body of another adjacent outer wall panel engages. [4] An exterior wall panel according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the fire-resistant coating material is provided in an area that is inside the vertical joint formed between the exterior wall panel and another adjacent exterior wall panel. [5] The exterior wall panel according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the fire-resistant covering material is composed of a fire-resistant paint or a fire-resistant sheet. [6] An exterior wall panel according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the surface of the panel body facing the exterior extends to the exterior side of the vertical joint so as to conceal the vertical joint formed when the panel is connected to another exterior wall panel. [7] The exterior wall panel according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the exterior wall panel is formed in an elongated shape in which the dimension along the side edge is greater than the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the side edge. [8] An exterior wall panel according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the panel body is composed of a steel plate that forms the outdoor side of the panel body and a non-combustible heat insulating material provided on the indoor side of the steel plate. [9] An exterior wall structure constructed by arranging and connecting multiple exterior wall panels described in any one of [1] to [8] horizontally around the periphery of a building, wherein the exterior wall panels are vertically attached and fixed to the horizontal furring strips of the building.

[10] The exterior wall structure described in [9], wherein the exterior wall panel is fixed to the horizontal truss of the building from the indoor side of the building with a blind fastener.

[0010] Here, a blind fastener refers to a fastener that is fastened only from the front side of the fastened parts, with the tip of the fastener expanding laterally on the back side of the fastened parts, thereby fastening the fastened parts. Specifically, with the blind fastener inserted into a hole in the fastened parts, the fastener tip is deformed by being pulled toward the user, for example, by pulling out the mandrel connected to the fastener tip or by threading a screw into a threaded hole in the fastener tip. As a result, the fastener tip expands laterally and engages with the back side of the fastened parts, thereby fastening the fastened parts. Specific examples of blind fasteners include lock rivets, blind rivets, valve-tight rivets, clips such as push-button clips, pop nuts, jack nuts, well nuts, and screw grommets.

[11] An exterior wall structure described in [9] or

[10] , in which a plurality of the exterior wall panels are connected in the height direction of the building with a joint water-repellent plate sandwiched therebetween, and the lower end faces of the exterior wall panels above the joint water-repellent plate and the upper end faces of the exterior wall panels below the joint water-repellent plate are in close contact with the joint water-repellent plate.

[12] A method for installing an exterior wall panel according to any one of [1] to [8], A method for installing an exterior wall panel, comprising fixing the panel body of the exterior wall panel to a horizontal furring strip of the building from the indoor side of the building with a blind fastener. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the exterior wall panel of the present invention, the exterior wall structure using the same, and the installation method for the exterior wall panel, in the vertical joints of the exterior wall panels arranged in multiple panels horizontally on the exterior wall of a building, it is possible to ensure sufficient fire resistance and watertightness with a simple structure, and also to obtain excellent installability. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] 1(a) to 1(c) are a horizontal cross-sectional view, a front view, and a vertical cross-sectional view showing an exterior wall constructed using an exterior wall panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a side end portion of a panel body of an exterior wall panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a joint between exterior wall panels according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 shows a state in which the joints between the exterior wall panels according to the first embodiment of the present invention are subjected to heat during a fire. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 shows a state in which the joints between exterior wall panels of a modified example of the first embodiment of the present invention are subjected to heat during a fire. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 shows an exterior wall constructed by connecting a plurality of exterior wall panels according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the height direction of a building. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 shows another example of an exterior wall constructed by connecting a plurality of exterior wall panels according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the height direction of a building. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a joint between exterior wall panels according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9]FIG. 9 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a joint between exterior wall panels according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a horizontal cross-sectional view that schematically shows the joint width of a vertical joint formed between exterior wall panels of the present invention and the applied thickness of a fire-resistant coating. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a joint between exterior wall panels according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a side end portion of a panel body of an exterior wall panel of a reference example. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view showing a joint between exterior wall panels of a reference example. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating the effect of the exterior wall panel of the reference example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, an embodiment of the exterior wall panel of the present invention, an exterior wall structure using the same, and an installation method for the exterior wall panel will be specifically described. First Embodiment 1) Exterior wall panels and exterior wall structures using them 1(a) to 1(c) respectively show a horizontal cross-sectional view, a front view, and a vertical cross-sectional view of an exterior wall constructed using an exterior wall panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] As shown in FIGS. 1(a) to 1(c), the exterior wall panel 1A of this embodiment is configured to form the exterior wall of a building by arranging and connecting multiple exterior wall panels 1A horizontally around the periphery of the building. The exterior wall panel 1A of this embodiment is formed in an elongated shape, with the dimension along the side edge being greater than the dimension perpendicular to the side edge. The exterior wall panel 1A is generally manufactured to a length of 12 m or less, and this length allows for easy delivery to a construction site without transportation restrictions. Therefore, when using the exterior wall panel 1A of this embodiment to form the exterior wall of a one-story or two-story building such as a factory or warehouse, the entire height of the exterior wall can be constructed with a single exterior wall panel 1A without connecting multiple exterior wall panels 1A in the height direction of the building.

[0015] As shown in Figures 1(a) to 1(c), the exterior wall structure of this embodiment is constructed by arranging and connecting multiple exterior wall panels 1A horizontally around the perimeter of a building. Specifically, the exterior wall panels 1A, formed as described above, are installed vertically along the height of the building and fastened with blind fasteners 2 from the interior side to horizontal furring strips 4 installed horizontally between studs 5 along the building's perimeter. The horizontal furring strips 4 installed around the building's perimeter are typically spaced at intervals of 2700 mm or less along the building's height, and this spacing ensures sufficient strength for fastening the exterior wall panels 1A to the building. Due to the unique configuration of the exterior wall panels 1A of this embodiment, there is no need to narrow the spacing between the horizontal furring strips 4.

[0016] Furthermore, a concrete riser 6 is laid on the ground along the perimeter of the building, and a water-repellent board 61 is interposed between the upper end of this concrete riser 6 and the lower end of the exterior wall panel 1A. The water-repellent board 61 has the function of draining rainwater that runs down along the outdoor surface of the exterior wall panel 1A to the outdoor side of the concrete riser 6. The lower end of the wall panel 1A is fastened to the water-repellent board 61, which is fixed to the concrete riser 6, from the indoor side with blind fasteners 2.

[0017] In the exterior wall structure of this embodiment, the long exterior wall panels 1A are installed vertically along the height of the building, eliminating or minimizing horizontal joints where rainwater and dust can easily accumulate. This makes it easier to ensure waterproofing and durability compared to horizontally installed exterior wall panels, and the exterior wall is less susceptible to staining. Furthermore, the vertical joints 1J formed between the exterior wall panels 1A function as downspouts, facilitating the drainage of rainwater, preventing rainwater from entering from the exterior wall's exterior to its interior, resulting in superior watertightness compared to exterior walls constructed with horizontally installed exterior wall panels.

[0018] Fig. 2 shows an enlarged view of a side end portion 10e of the panel body 10 of the exterior wall panel 1A of this embodiment, and Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of the exterior wall panels 1A of this embodiment connected to each other.

[0019] As shown in Figure 2, the exterior wall panel 1A is composed of a panel body 10 having fire resistance, a sealing member 14 made of flame-retardant rubber, and a fire-resistant covering material 15 having temperature-foaming properties.

[0020] Of these, the panel body 10 is composed of a steel plate 11 that forms the surface of the panel body 10 that faces outdoors, a steel plate 12 that forms the surface that faces indoors, and a non-combustible insulating material 13 that is provided on the indoor side of the steel plate 11, i.e., between the steel plates 11 and 12.

[0021] The panel body 10 of the exterior wall panel 1A of this embodiment is formed to a thickness of 75 mm, and a hot-dip zinc-5% aluminum alloy plated steel sheet with a thickness of 0.5 mm is used as the steel sheet 11, and a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet with a thickness of 0.5 mm is used as the steel sheet 12. The type and thickness of the steel sheets 11 and 12 can be changed depending on the specifications required for the exterior wall panel 1A. In addition, in the exterior wall panel 1A of this embodiment, the non-combustible heat insulating material 13 is, for example, a galvanized steel sheet with a density of 80 kg / m 3The non-combustible insulating material 13 is made of rock wool with a thickness of 44 mm. The material, density, and thickness of the non-combustible insulating material 13 can be changed depending on the level of fire resistance required for the exterior wall. As shown in Figure 2, the non-combustible insulating material 13 is arranged so as to contact the steel plate 12 that forms the indoor side of the panel body 10, and a 30 mm thick air gap is formed between the steel plate 11 that forms the outdoor side of the panel body 10 and the non-combustible insulating material 13. The fire resistance of the exterior wall panel 1A can be further improved by increasing the thickness of the non-combustible insulating material 13 to reduce the thickness of the air gap, or by filling the entire space between the steel plates 11 and 12 with the non-combustible insulating material 13 to eliminate the air gap.

[0022] As described above, the steel plate 12 that forms the indoor side surface of the panel body 10 is fastened to the horizontal furring strips 4 or the water-repellent board 61 of the building from the indoor side with the blind fasteners 2. However, if the non-combustible heat insulating material 13 is made of a material that can be fastened directly with the blind fasteners 2, the steel plate 12 that forms the indoor side surface of the panel body 10 does not need to be provided.

[0023] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the side edge 10e of the panel body 10 is formed in an uneven shape so as to engage with each other when two adjacent exterior wall panels 1A are connected. In this way, as shown in Figure 3, the side edge 10e of the exterior wall panel 1A is tightly connected, which further improves the fire resistance and watertightness of the vertical joint 1J of the exterior wall panel 1A compared to when the side edge 10e of the exterior wall panel 1A is formed flat.

[0024] The sealing member 14 is made of a flame-retardant rubber such as chloroprene rubber and is provided on the side edge 10e of the panel main body 10 so as to seal the vertical joint 1J formed between two adjacent exterior wall panels 1A, as shown in FIG. 2, and functions as a rain barrier and a wind barrier. The side edge 10e of the panel main body 10 is provided with a groove 10g into which the sealing member 14 of the panel main body 10 of the adjacent exterior wall panel 1A fits when the two adjacent exterior wall panels 1A are connected. In this way, as shown in FIG. 3, when the two adjacent exterior wall panels 1A are connected, the sealing member 14 of the panel main body 10 of the adjacent exterior wall panel 1A fits into the groove 10g provided on the side edge 10e of the panel main body 10. This seals the vertical joint 1J formed between the exterior wall panels 1A, further improving the watertightness of the vertical joint 1J of the exterior wall panels 1A.

[0025] 2, the fire-resistant covering material 15 is provided on the surface of the steel plate 11 at the side end 10e of the panel body 10 in a portion that is closer to the exterior than the sealing member 14. The fire-resistant covering material 15 expands when heated in the event of an outdoor fire, and further closes off the portion of the vertical joint 1J formed between two adjacent exterior wall panels 1A that is closer to the exterior than the sealing member 14.

[0026] The vertical joint 1J formed between two adjacent exterior wall panels 1A is sealed with a sealing member 14 made of flame-retardant rubber to insulate the outdoor side from the indoor side, but the fire resistance of the vertical joint 1J is not necessarily sufficient with just the sealing member 14. Therefore, by providing the fire-resistant covering material 15 as described above, heat transfer from the outdoor side of the vertical joint 1J to the indoor side can be effectively blocked.

[0027] The fire-resistant coating material 15 needs to be provided in a location closer to the exterior than the sealing member 14. If the fire-resistant coating material 15 is provided closer to the interior than the sealing member 14, when the vertical joint 1J is heated during an outdoor fire, the flames will be blocked by the sealing member 14, making it difficult for the fire-resistant coating material 15 to reach its foaming temperature and therefore difficult for the fire-resistant coating material 15 to demonstrate its fire-prevention and fire-resistance performance. In the exterior wall panel 1A of this embodiment, the fire-resistant coating material 15 is provided so as to cover the exterior surface of the panel main body 10 across a predetermined width in the horizontal direction centered on the vertical joint 1J, in addition to the region of the side end 10e of the panel main body 10 that forms the inner surface of the vertical joint 1J.

[0028] FIG. 4 shows the state of the joints between the exterior wall panels 1A of this embodiment when they are subjected to heat during an outdoor fire.

[0029] As shown in Figure 4, the temperature-foaming fire-resistant coating material 15 expands when heated during an outdoor fire, further sealing off the portion of the vertical joint 1J that is on the outdoor side of the sealing member 14, thereby demonstrating fire prevention and resistance performance.

[0030] 5 shows the state of the connection between exterior wall panels 1B when it is heated during an outdoor fire in an exterior wall panel 1B in which the installation range of the fire-resistant covering material 15 of the above-mentioned exterior wall panel 1A has been changed to only the area of ​​the side end 10e of the panel main body 10 that will be the inner surface of the vertical joint 1J. Even in this exterior wall panel 1B in which the fire-resistant covering material 15 is provided only in the area of ​​the side end 10e of the panel main body 10 that will be the inner surface of the vertical joint 1J, the fire-resistant covering material 15 expands when heated during an outdoor fire, completely blocking the inside of the vertical joint 1J, thereby demonstrating fire prevention and resistance performance.

[0031] However, as shown in Figure 4, it is preferable to provide an excess length of fire-resistant covering material 15 so that it covers not only the area of ​​the side end 10e of panel body 10 that forms the inner surface of vertical joint 1J, but also the outdoor surface of panel body 10 across a predetermined width in the horizontal direction centered on vertical joint 1J. As will be described later, this not only fully demonstrates the fire-resistant performance of fire-resistant covering material 15, but also enhances the durability of fire-resistant covering material 15 itself, such as its weather resistance. Note that the greater the density of the rock wool that makes up noncombustible insulation material 13, the shorter the excess length of fire-resistant covering material 15 can be.

[0032] Specifically, the fire-resistant coating material 15 described above is composed of a temperature-foaming fire-resistant paint or fire-resistant sheet. It is applied by applying the fire-resistant paint or attaching the fire-resistant sheet to the steel plate 11 at the side edge 10e of the panel body 10. This simple structure of applying fire-resistant paint or attaching a fire-resistant sheet easily provides sufficient fire resistance to the vertical joint 1J formed between two adjacent exterior wall panels 1A. Furthermore, applying the fire-resistant paint or attaching the fire-resistant sheet does not significantly affect the fit of the side edge 10e of the panel body 10. Therefore, the same watertightness and workability can be achieved as with conventional exterior wall panels that do not have the fire-resistant coating material 15 at the side edge 10e of the panel body 10.

[0033] Examples of fire-resistant paints that can be used include "GC Fire-Resistant Paint" manufactured by Glow Chemical Co., Ltd. "GC Fire-Resistant Paint" begins to foam when the surface temperature reaches approximately 250°C, expanding to a thickness 10 to 20 times the original thickness of the coating, forming an insulating layer and demonstrating fire resistance. When using "GC Fire-Resistant Paint" or a fire-resistant paint with equivalent performance, it is preferable to apply fire-resistant paint 16 to a thickness of approximately 1 mm on the interior surface of vertical joint 1J and on the exterior surface of panel body 10, covering a horizontal width of 60 mm to 180 mm centered on vertical joint 1J. This approach fully demonstrates the fire-resistant properties of the fire-resistant paint while also enhancing the durability of the fire-resistant paint itself, such as its weather resistance.

[0034] Additionally, examples of fire-resistant sheets that can be used include the "flexible fire-resistant sheet, laminated fire-resistant sheet" disclosed in Patent Document 2 and the thermally expandable fire-resistant material "Fi-Block" (registered trademark) manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Using such fire-resistant sheets can achieve fire resistance and durability equivalent to that of the fire-resistant paint described above. The fire-resistant sheet is preferably applied to the exterior surface of the panel body 10, similar to the fire-resistant paint, on the inner surface of the vertical joint 1J and horizontally from the vertical joint 1J over a width of 60 mm to 180 mm. This allows the fire-resistant sheet to fully demonstrate its fire-resistance and durability, such as its weather resistance, to be enhanced.

[0035] The fire performance test method specified in Non-Patent Document 1 requires that the temperature rise on the indoor surface be 140°C or less on average, with a maximum of 180°C or less, under test conditions in which the outdoor side is heated from 20°C to 842°C in 30 minutes. As described above, by providing fire-resistant covering material 15 on the surface of side end portion 10e of panel body 10, in a portion closer to the outdoor side than sealing member 14, this required level can also be met in vertical joint 1J.

[0036] The type of fire-resistant paint or fire-resistant sheet that constitutes the fire-resistant covering material 15, the coating thickness or sheet thickness, and the excess length are preferably changed as appropriate depending on the level of fire resistance required for the exterior wall.

[0037] It is preferable that the application of the fire-resistant paint or the application of the fire-resistant sheet that constitutes the fire-resistant covering material 15 be carried out at the factory where the exterior wall panel 1A is manufactured, or at the construction site before the on-site construction method of attaching the exterior wall panel 1A to the building. In this way, as will be described later, the exterior wall panel 1A can be attached to the building by working from inside the building, making construction without scaffolding possible and improving workability. 2) Installation method of exterior wall panels A method for installing the exterior wall panel of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0038] The method for installing the exterior wall panel of this embodiment is realized by fixing the above-mentioned exterior wall panel 1A to the horizontal furring strips 4 of the building with blind fasteners 2, working from the indoor side of the building.

[0039] As mentioned above, it is preferable that the application of the fire-resistant paint or the application of the fire-resistant sheet that constitutes the fire-resistant covering material 15 be carried out at the factory where the exterior wall panel 1A is manufactured, or at the construction site before the on-site construction method of attaching the exterior wall panel 1A to the building. In this way, the exterior wall panel 1A can be attached to the building from inside the building, making it possible to carry out construction without scaffolding.

[0040] When erecting the exterior wall panels 1A configured in this manner, a plurality of the exterior wall panels 1A are lined up horizontally around the periphery of a building. Then, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the sealing member 14 provided on the side end 10e of the panel body 10 of one of the two horizontally aligned exterior wall panels 1A is fitted into the groove 10g provided on the side end 10e of the panel body 10 of the other exterior wall panel 1A. At the same time, the sealing member 14 provided on the side end 10e of the panel body 10 of one of the two horizontally aligned exterior wall panels 1A is fitted into the groove 10g provided on the side end 10e of the panel body 10 of the other exterior wall panel 1A.

[0041] Then, in this state, as shown in Figures 1(a) to 1(c), working from the indoor side of the building, each of the multiple exterior wall panels 1A is fixed to the horizontal furring strips 4 of the building with blind fasteners 2. In this way, with the exterior wall panel installation method of this embodiment, the exterior wall panels 1A can be attached to the building by working from the indoor side of the building, making it possible to perform installation without scaffolding and providing excellent workability. 3) Connection of exterior wall panels along the building height Figures 6 and 7 show examples of exterior walls constructed by connecting multiple exterior wall panels 1A of this embodiment in the height direction of a building, for example, when a building has many floors and a single exterior wall panel 1A is not long enough. Figure 6 shows an example in which the exterior wall panels 1A are connected to each other at approximately the same height as the horizontal furring strips 4 installed along the exterior wall of the building, and Figure 7 shows an example in which the exterior wall panels 1A are connected to each other at approximately the same height as the floor slab 7 of the building.

[0042] In the example shown in Fig. 6, a joint water-repellent board 3 is attached to the exterior side of a horizontal furring strip 4 installed along the exterior wall of a building. In the example shown in Fig. 7, an angle furring strip 71 is attached to a small beam 70 supporting a floor slab 7 of a building, and a joint water-repellent board 3 is attached to the exterior side of this angle furring strip 71.

[0043] 6 and 7, the bottom and top surfaces of the exterior wall panel 1A are formed flat, and the bottom surface of the exterior wall panel 1A above the joint water flashing board 3 and the top surface of the exterior wall panel 1A below the joint water flashing board 3 are in close contact with the joint water flashing board 3. In this way, the exterior wall panels 1A above and below the joint water flashing board 3 are arranged so as to be connected in the height direction of the building, sandwiching the joint water flashing board 3 between them. In this state, the bottom end of the exterior wall panel 1A above the joint water flashing board 3 and the top end of the exterior wall panel 1A below the joint water flashing board 3 are fixed to the horizontal furring strips 4 or angle furring strips 71 with blind fasteners 2. This fixing using blind fasteners 2 can also be performed from the indoor side of the building.

[0044] In this way, the joint water-repellent boards 3 are interposed between the exterior wall panels 1A lined up above and below, and the lower and upper end faces of the exterior wall panels 1A are positioned so that they are in close contact with the joint water-repellent boards 3, so that the connection parts of the exterior wall panels 1A in the height direction of the building do not become weak points in terms of fire resistance performance. Second Embodiment FIG. 8 shows a connection portion of an exterior wall panel 1C according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 8 , the exterior wall panel 1C of this embodiment differs from the exterior wall panel 1A of the first embodiment in the position at which the fire-resistant covering material 15 is provided. Specifically, in this embodiment, the excess portion of the fire-resistant covering material 15, which is provided to cover the exterior surface of the panel body 10 across a predetermined width in the horizontal direction centered on the vertical joint 1J, is provided on the back surface of the steel plate 11 at the side end 10e of the panel body 10, rather than on the front surface of the steel plate 11 at the side end 10e of the panel body 10. The area of ​​the fire-resistant covering material 15 that forms the inner surface of the vertical joint 1J is provided on the front surface of the steel plate 11 at the side end 10e of the panel body 10, as with the exterior wall panel 1A of the first embodiment. In other respects, the exterior wall panel 1C of this embodiment is configured similarly to the exterior wall panel 1A of the first embodiment.

[0046] In this embodiment, the fire-resistant coating material 15 is provided on the back surface of the steel plate 11 at the side end 10e of the panel body 10. Therefore, when the vertical joint 1J is heated during an outdoor fire, the fire-resistant coating material 15 does not come into direct contact with the flames. However, because the steel plate 11 has high thermal conductivity and is thin (0.5 mm), the fire-resistant coating material 15 provided on the back surface of the steel plate 11 reaches its foaming temperature without any problems. As described above, a 30 mm-thick air gap is formed between the steel plate 11, which constitutes the outdoor side of the panel body 10, and the noncombustible insulating material 13. Therefore, when the excess fire-resistant coating material 15 provided on the back surface of the steel plate 11 reaches its foaming temperature, it expands within this air gap. This closes the air gaps inside the panel body 10 on both sides of the vertical joint 1J, enhancing the insulating effect and further improving the fire resistance of the vertical joint 1J. The thickness of the air gap is determined appropriately taking into account the expansion rate of the fire-resistant coating material 15.

[0047] Furthermore, in the exterior wall panel 1C of this embodiment, the fire-resistant covering material 15 is not exposed on the surface of the steel plate 11 that constitutes the exterior surface of the panel body 10, but is concealed by the back side of the steel plate 11, so that the design of the exterior surface of the exterior wall constituted by the exterior wall panel 1C is not impaired. Furthermore, because the fire-resistant covering material 15 is not exposed to the outside air, the durability of the fire-resistant covering material 15, such as its weather resistance, is also improved. <Third embodiment> FIG. 9 shows a connection portion of an exterior wall panel 1D according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] As shown in Fig. 9, in the exterior wall panel 1D of this embodiment, the shape of the region that forms the inner surface of the vertical joint 1J among the shapes of the steel plate 11 that constitutes the outdoor surface of the panel body 10 of the exterior wall panel 1A of the first embodiment is changed. As a result, as shown in Fig. 9, the joint width W of the vertical joint 1J formed between two adjacent exterior wall panels 1D is smaller than that of the first embodiment. In other respects, the exterior wall panel 1D of this embodiment is configured similarly to the exterior wall panel 1A of the first embodiment.

[0049] As in this embodiment, when the joint width W of the vertical joint 1J formed between two adjacent exterior wall panels 1D is reduced, the insulating effect between the outdoor side and the indoor side of the vertical joint 1J is enhanced, and the fire resistance performance of the vertical joint 1J is further improved.

[0050] FIG. 10 schematically shows the joint width W of a vertical joint 1J formed between two adjacent exterior wall panels 1D and the thickness T of the fire-resistant covering material 15.

[0051] As described above, the fire-resistant coating material 15, which is made of fire-resistant paint or fire-resistant sheet, begins to foam when the surface temperature reaches approximately 250°C due to a fire, expanding to a thickness 10 to 20 times the thickness of the original coating film to form an insulating layer and demonstrate fire resistance. Therefore, it is preferable to set the joint width W of the vertical joint 1J to a size corresponding to the expansion rate of the fire-resistant coating material 15.

[0052] Table 1 shows the preferred joint width W (mm) of the vertical joint 1J when the thickness T of the fire-resistant coating material 15 is 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, or 2.0 mm. When the fire-resistant coating material 15 is provided on both sides of the inner surface of the vertical joint 1J as shown in FIG. 10, if the joint width W of the vertical joint 1J is 20 mm, it is appropriate that the thickness T of the fire-resistant coating material 15 be 1.0 mm. Also, when the fire-resistant coating material 15 is provided on one side of the inner surface of the vertical joint 1J, it is appropriate that the thickness T of the fire-resistant coating material 15 be 2.0 mm if the joint width W of the vertical joint 1J is 20 mm.

[0053] [Table 1]

[0054] <Fourth embodiment> FIG. 11 shows a connection portion of an exterior wall panel 1E according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] As shown in Fig. 11, in the exterior wall panel 1E of this embodiment, the steel plate 11 constituting the exterior-facing surface of the panel body 10 extends to the exterior side of the vertical joint 1J formed between two adjacent exterior wall panels 1E so as to conceal the vertical joint 1J. The fire-resistant covering material is provided only in the area that forms the inner surface of the vertical joint 1J concealed by the steel plate 11. In other respects, the exterior wall panel 1E of this embodiment is configured in substantially the same way as the exterior wall panel 1A of the first embodiment.

[0056] In this embodiment, the fire-resistant coating material 15 is concealed by the steel plate 11 extending to the outdoor side of the vertical joint 1J, so when the vertical joint 1J is heated during a fire on the outdoor side, the fire-resistant coating material 15 does not come into direct contact with the flames. However, because the thermal conductivity of the steel plate 11 is high and the thickness of the steel plate 11 is thin at 0.5 mm, the fire-resistant coating material 15 concealed by the steel plate 11 reaches the foaming temperature and expands without hindrance. As a result, the inside of the vertical joint 1J is blocked by the expanded fire-resistant coating material 15, increasing the insulating effect and further improving the fire resistance performance of the vertical joint 1J.

[0057] Furthermore, in the exterior wall panel 1E of this embodiment, the fire-resistant covering material 15 is not exposed on the surface of the steel plate 11 that constitutes the exterior surface of the panel body 10, but is concealed by the back side of the steel plate 11, so that the design of the exterior surface of the exterior wall constituted by the exterior wall panel 1E is not impaired. Furthermore, because the fire-resistant covering material 15 is not exposed to the outside air, the durability of the fire-resistant covering material 15, such as its weather resistance, is also improved. <Reference example> The following describes an exterior wall panel according to a reference example, which is a partial modification of the configuration of the exterior wall panel of the present invention, and the structure of an exterior wall using this panel.

[0058] Fig. 12 shows an enlarged view of a side end portion 90e of a panel body 90 of an exterior wall panel 9 of this reference example. Fig. 13 shows an enlarged view of the exterior wall panels 9 of this reference example connected to each other.

[0059] 12 and 13, the exterior wall panel 9 of this reference example does not have the fire-resistant covering material 15 of the exterior wall panel 1A of the first embodiment. Then, as shown in Fig. 13, after two horizontally adjacent exterior wall panels 9 are connected, a non-combustible insulating material 95 is fastened with screws 96 to the indoor side of a vertical joint 9J formed between the two exterior wall panels 9. In other respects, the exterior wall panel 1C of this embodiment is configured in substantially the same way as the exterior wall panel 1A of the first embodiment.

[0060] In this reference example, a fireproof board such as a 9.5 mm thick gypsum board or a 10 mm thick calcium silicate board can be used as the non-combustible heat insulating material 95 fastened to the indoor side of the vertical joint 9J. Then, by setting the width W of the non-combustible heat insulating material 95 to an appropriate size, the fire resistance required in the above-mentioned Non-Patent Document 1 can be satisfied.

[0061] In the exterior wall structure of this reference example, the non-combustible heat insulating material 95 can be fastened with screws 96 from the indoor side of the building. The exterior wall panel 9 with the non-combustible heat insulating material 95 fastened can also be fixed to the horizontal furring strips 4 of the building with blind fasteners 2 from the indoor side of the building. This makes it possible to carry out construction without using scaffolding, resulting in excellent workability.

[0062] Furthermore, by configuring the non-combustible heat insulating material 95 to be fastened with screws 96, the fit of the side end portion 90e of the panel body 90 remains almost unchanged, ensuring the same watertightness and ease of installation as conventional exterior wall panels.

[0063] The necessary size for the width W of the non-combustible heat insulating material 95 in this reference example was confirmed by a heating test, and this will be explained below.

[0064] In this heating test, the test object was a joint between exterior wall panels 9 having the shape shown in Fig. 13. The thickness of the panel body 90 of the exterior wall panel 9 was 75 mm. A hot-dip zinc-5% aluminum alloy plated steel sheet with a thickness of 0.5 mm was used as the steel plate 91 constituting the outdoor surface of the panel body 90, and a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet with a thickness of 0.5 mm was used as the steel plate 92 constituting the outdoor surface of the panel body 90. In addition, rock wool was filled as a non-combustible heat insulating material 93 into the entire space formed between the steel plates 91 and 92 of the panel body 90 of the exterior wall panel 9. The density of the rock wool constituting the non-combustible heat insulating material 93 was 40 K (37 to 44 kg / m 3 ), 80K (73-87kg / m 3 ) were selected.

[0065] When rock wool with a density of 40K was used as the non-combustible insulation 93 inside the panel body 90 of the exterior wall panel 9, only one example in which non-combustible insulation 95 was not installed on the indoor side of the vertical joint 9J was tested. When rock wool with a density of 80K was used as the non-combustible insulation 93 inside the panel body 90 of the exterior wall panel 9, three examples were tested: an example in which non-combustible insulation 95 was not installed on the indoor side of the vertical joint 9J, an example in which 9.5 mm thick gypsum board was used as the non-combustible insulation 95, and an example in which 10 mm thick calcium silicate board was used as the non-combustible insulation 95.

[0066] Then, in accordance with the fire resistance performance test method specified in the above-mentioned non-patent document 1, a heating test was conducted on the joints between the exterior wall panels 9, including the vertical joints 9J, under heating conditions in which the temperature rose from 20°C to 842°C from the outdoor side in 30 minutes.

[0067] Figure 14 shows the distribution of temperature rise on the indoor surface of the exterior wall panel 9, obtained as a result of this heating test. As shown in Figure 14, the temperature rise of the exterior wall panel 9 decreases as the distance from the center of the vertical joint 9J increases. Furthermore, when comparing the case where rock wool with a density of 40K is used as the non-combustible insulation material 93 with the case where rock wool with a density of 80K is used, the temperature rise of the exterior wall panel 9 is smaller in the latter than in the former.

[0068] As mentioned above, Non-Patent Document 1 requires that the temperature rise in the surface temperature on the indoor side be 140°C or less on average, and 180°C or less at most. In contrast, as shown in Figure 14, when rock wool with a density of 40K is used as the non-combustible insulating material 93 inside the panel body 90, the average temperature rise in the surface temperature on the indoor side is below the limit value of 140°C as long as the distance from the center of the vertical joint 9J is 90 mm or more. In other words, if the width W of the non-combustible insulating material 95 fastened to the indoor side of the vertical joint 9J is ensured to be 180 mm or more, the fire resistance performance specified in Non-Patent Document 1 can be achieved.

[0069] Furthermore, when rock wool with a density of 80K is used as the non-combustible insulating material 93 inside the panel body 90, the average temperature rise in the indoor surface temperature is below the limit value of 140°C if the distance from the center of the vertical joint 9J is 60 mm or more. In other words, if the width W of the non-combustible insulating material 95 fastened to the indoor side of the vertical joint 9J is ensured to be 120 mm or more, the fire resistance specified in Non-Patent Document 1 can be achieved.

[0070] In addition, in a test example in which a 9.5 mm thick gypsum board was used as the non-combustible insulation material 95 on the indoor side of the vertical joint 9J, and in a test example in which a 10 mm thick calcium silicate board was used as the non-combustible insulation material 95, the temperature rise at the center of the vertical joint 9J was suppressed to 103°C and 109°C, respectively. [Explanation of symbols]

[0071] 1A~1E Exterior wall panels 1J Vertical joint 10 Panel body 10e side edge 10g groove 11, 12 Steel plate 13 Non-combustible insulation material 14 Sealing material (flame-retardant rubber) 15 Fireproof coating materials (fireproof paint, fireproof sheets) 2 blind fasteners 4 Horizontal furring strips 5 Studs 6. Rising concrete 61 Water drain board 7 Floor slab 70 Small beam 71 Angle furring strip 9 Exterior wall panels 9J vertical joint 90 Panel body 90e side edge 91, 92 steel plate 93 Non-combustible insulation material 94 Sealing material (flame-retardant rubber) 95 Fireproof board 96 bis T: Fireproof coating thickness W: Vertical joint width

Claims

1. An exterior wall panel that constitutes an exterior wall of a building by arranging and connecting a plurality of panels horizontally around the periphery of the building, A panel body having fire resistance; a sealing member made of flame-retardant rubber provided at a side end of the panel body so as to seal a vertical joint formed between two adjacent exterior wall panels; a temperature-foaming fire-resistant covering material provided on a portion of the side end of the panel body that is closer to the exterior than the sealing member; Equipped with The exterior wall panel is provided with a fire-resistant covering material in an area that is inside the vertical joint formed between the exterior wall panel and another adjacent exterior wall panel, and is provided so as to cover the exterior surface of the panel body horizontally over a width of 60 mm to 180 mm centered on the vertical joint.

2. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the side end portions of the panel body are formed with projections and recesses so as to engage with each other when two adjacent exterior wall panels are connected.

3. 3. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the side end of the panel body is provided with a groove into which the sealing member of the panel body of another adjacent exterior wall panel is fitted.

4. 3. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the fire-resistant coating material is a fire-resistant paint or a fire-resistant sheet.

5. 3. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the exterior surface of the panel body extends to the exterior side of the vertical joint so as to conceal the vertical joint formed when the panel body is connected to another exterior wall panel.

6. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the exterior wall panel is formed in an elongated shape such that a dimension along the side edge is greater than a dimension in a direction perpendicular to the side edge.

7. 3. The exterior wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the panel body is composed of a steel plate that forms the outdoor side of the panel body and a non-combustible heat insulating material provided on the indoor side of the steel plate.

8. An exterior wall structure constructed by arranging and connecting a plurality of exterior wall panels according to claim 1 or 2 horizontally around a building, An exterior wall structure in which the exterior wall panels are attached vertically and fixed to horizontal furring strips of the building.

9. The exterior wall structure according to claim 8, wherein the exterior wall panel is fixed to a horizontal truss of the building from the interior side of the building with a blind fastener.

10. 9. The exterior wall structure according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of the exterior wall panels are connected in the height direction of the building with a joint water flashing plate sandwiched therebetween, and the lower end faces of the exterior wall panels above the joint water flashing plate and the upper end faces of the exterior wall panels below the joint water flashing plate are in close contact with the joint water flashing plate.

11. The method for installing the exterior wall panel according to claim 1 or 2, A method for installing an exterior wall panel, comprising fixing the panel body of the exterior wall panel to a horizontal furring strip of the building from the indoor side of the building with a blind fastener.

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