Fluid sterilization device

Abstract

To provide a fluid sterilizing device capable of efficiently rotating a water wheel provided with blades. [Solution] A fluid sterilization device according to an embodiment comprises: a cylindrical section having an internal space through which a fluid flows; a light source provided within the cylindrical section for irradiating ultraviolet light; a window provided within the cylindrical section facing the ultraviolet-irradiated side of the light source and transmitting the ultraviolet light irradiated from the light source; a water wheel having multiple blades and rotatably provided within the cylindrical section on the side opposite the light source side of the window; a blade provided on the water wheel in contact with the window; and a nozzle plate provided within the cylindrical section, surrounding the water wheel, and having multiple nozzle holes. The nozzle holes have a curved shape and convert the flow direction of the fluid flowing in a direction along the central axis of the cylindrical section from the inner wall side of the cylindrical section toward the center of the cylindrical section.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention relate to a fluid sterilization device. [Background technology]

[0002] There is a fluid sterilization device that irradiates a fluid such as water with ultraviolet light to kill bacteria or inactivate viruses contained in the fluid. For example, a fluid sterilization device has been proposed that includes a tubular portion through which the fluid flows, a window provided near the end of the tubular portion, and a light source that irradiates the inside of the tubular portion with ultraviolet light through the window.

[0003] Such fluid sterilization devices may also be used to sterilize bacteria or inactivate viruses contained in seawater, groundwater, etc. However, seawater, groundwater, etc. contain foreign matter such as sand, dead microorganisms, and inorganic salts. Therefore, when a fluid sterilization device is used for such purposes, foreign matter may adhere to the window. In this case, disassembling the fluid sterilizing device to remove the foreign matter adhering to the window takes time and effort, and also reduces the operational availability of the fluid sterilizing device.

[0004] For example, if a water wheel is equipped with blades that come into contact with the window and the water wheel is rotated by the fluid flowing inside the cylindrical part, the rotating blades can remove foreign matter adhering to the window. In other words, by flowing a fluid inside the cylindrical part, it is possible to simultaneously perform continuous treatment of the fluid with ultraviolet light and removal of foreign matter adhering to the window with the rotating blades.

[0005] However, simply installing a water wheel inside the cylindrical section may result in the water wheel not being able to rotate efficiently. If the water wheel cannot be rotated efficiently, the water wheel may not rotate smoothly or the rotation speed of the water wheel may not be able to be increased. This may make it difficult to improve the efficiency of removing foreign matter.

[0006] Therefore, there has been a demand for the development of a fluid sterilization device that can efficiently rotate a water wheel equipped with blades. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-069166 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-051290 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fluid sterilizing device that can efficiently rotate a water wheel provided with blades. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A fluid sterilization device according to an embodiment includes a cylindrical section having an internal space for fluid flow; a light source provided within the cylindrical section for irradiating ultraviolet light; a window provided within the cylindrical section facing the ultraviolet-irradiated side of the light source and transmitting the ultraviolet light irradiated from the light source; a water wheel having multiple blades and rotatably provided within the cylindrical section on the side opposite the light source side of the window; a blade provided on the water wheel and in contact with the window; and a nozzle plate provided within the cylindrical section, surrounding the water wheel, and having multiple nozzle holes. The nozzle holes have a curved shape and convert the flow direction of the fluid flowing in a direction along the central axis of the cylindrical section from the inner wall side of the cylindrical section toward the center of the cylindrical section. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a fluid sterilizing device can be provided that can efficiently rotate a water wheel provided with blades. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a fluid sterilizing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fluid sterilization device in FIG. 1 in a direction intersecting the central axis of the cylindrical portion. FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a foreign matter treatment unit and a nozzle plate. [Figure 4] 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the foreign matter treatment unit and the nozzle plate in FIG. 3, viewed from the direction of line AA. FIG. [Figure 5] 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the foreign matter removal unit and the nozzle plate in FIG. 4, viewed from the direction of line BB. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view illustrating a water turbine and a nozzle plate according to another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments will be illustrated with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, similar components are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed explanations will be omitted as appropriate. In this specification, sterilization includes not only sterilization of bacteria but also inactivation of viruses. Furthermore, sterilization includes not only sterilization but also sterilization.

[0013] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a fluid sterilizing device 1 according to this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fluid sterilization device 1 in FIG. 1 in a direction intersecting the central axis of the tubular part 2. As shown in FIG. To avoid complication, only the cylindrical portion 2, the supply portion 3, the discharge portion 4, the light source 5, the window 6, the foreign matter treatment portion 7, and the nozzle plate 8 are shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fluid sterilization device 1 includes, for example, a tube section 2, a supply section 3, a discharge section 4, a light source 5, a window 6, a foreign matter treatment section 7, a nozzle plate 8, and a controller 9.

[0014] For example, the light source 5, the window 6, the foreign matter treatment unit 7, and the nozzle plate 8 can be provided inside the cylindrical portion 2. For example, the supply unit 3, the discharge unit 4, and the controller 9 can be provided outside the cylindrical portion 2.

[0015] The controller 9 controls the turning on and off of the light emitting element 51 provided in the light source 5. If the light source 5 is provided with a discharge lamp, the controller 9 controls the turning on and off of the discharge lamp. The controller 9 includes, for example, a lighting circuit and a power supply. As shown in FIG. 1 , the controller 9 can be provided in the cylindrical portion 2, for example. The controller 9 can also be provided in a position separated from the cylindrical portion 2. Furthermore, a terminal block 9a electrically connected to the controller 9 and the light source 5 can also be provided.

[0016] The cylindrical portion 2 is cylindrical and has open ends on both sides. One end of the cylindrical portion 2 is closed by a lid 21. The other end of the cylindrical portion 2 is closed by a lid 24. The lids 21 and 24 can be detachably attached to the cylindrical portion 2 using fastening members such as bolts.

[0017] The tubular portion 2 has a space therein through which the fluid 301a flows. The tubular portion 2 is, for example, a cylindrical pipe. The fluid 301a flowing inside the tubular portion 2 is irradiated with ultraviolet light from the light source 5. In this case, if some of the irradiated ultraviolet light passes through the tubular portion 2 and leaks to the outside, the processing capacity of the fluid sterilization device 1 will decrease. For this reason, the tubular portion 2 can be made of a material that does not transmit ultraviolet light and has a high reflectivity for ultraviolet light.

[0018] Furthermore, the cylindrical portion 2 is preferably made of a material that is highly resistant to ultraviolet light and to the fluid 301a to be sterilized. For example, the cylindrical portion 2 can be made of stainless steel. In this case, if the material of the cylindrical portion 2 is stainless steel containing 8 wt% or more of Ni (nickel), corrosion resistance to the fluid 301a, such as seawater, which is prone to corrosion, can be improved.

[0019] If the cylindrical portion 2 contains a material with high reflectivity to ultraviolet rays, ultraviolet rays incident on the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 2 can be easily reflected toward the fluid 301a. This makes it possible to improve the efficiency of use of ultraviolet rays emitted from the light source 5. If the efficiency of use of ultraviolet rays can be improved, it becomes possible to reduce the number of light-emitting elements 51 and discharge lamps provided in the light source 5. Reducing the number of light-emitting elements 51 and discharge lamps allows the light source 5 to be made smaller, less expensive, and more energy-efficient.

[0020] The internal space of the tubular portion 2 serves as a flow path for the fluid 301a to be sterilized. Therefore, the fluid 301a comes into contact with the inner wall of the tubular portion 2. Here, the fluid 301a may be seawater, groundwater, or the like. Seawater and groundwater contain foreign matter such as sand, microbial carcasses, and inorganic salts. Therefore, when seawater or groundwater comes into contact with the inner wall of the tubular portion 2, the foreign matter may adhere to the inner wall. If the foreign matter adheres to the inner wall of the tubular portion 2, the reflectance of the fluid to ultraviolet light may decrease. A decrease in reflectance reduces the intensity of the reflected light (ultraviolet light) irradiated onto the fluid 301a, which may result in a decrease in the sterilization effect. In this case, disassembling the fluid sterilization device 1 to remove the foreign matter adhered to the inner wall of the tubular portion 2 is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and also reduces the operational availability of the fluid sterilization device 1.

[0021] Therefore, the surface roughness (arithmetic mean roughness) Ra of the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 2 is set to 50 nm (nanometers) or less, preferably 3 nm (nanometers) or more and 50 nm (nanometers) or less. This makes it possible to prevent foreign matter from adhering to the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 2 and improve the reflectance against ultraviolet light. For example, the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 2 can be buffed so that the surface roughness Ra of the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 2 falls within the above-mentioned range.

[0022] Alternatively, the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 2 may be buffed and then electropolished to bring the surface roughness Ra of the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 2 into the aforementioned range. By performing electropolishing after buffing, it is possible to remove dirt from the metal surface of the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 2 or to prevent the adhesion of dirt. Furthermore, by performing electropolishing after buffing, the Fe (iron) contained in the metal surface of the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 2 is dissolved, thereby increasing the proportion of Cr (chromium) on the metal surface. As a result, even if the metal surface of the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 2 is scratched, the passive film on the metal surface can be regenerated, making the inner wall more easily self-repairable.

[0023] The tubular portion 2 can be mounted on a base 23 via, for example, a plurality of stands 22. The base 23 can be mounted on, for example, the floor of the location where the fluid sterilization device 1 is installed. The installation of the fluid sterilization device 1 is not limited to the example shown. For example, the fluid sterilization device 1 can also be mounted on a wall or ceiling of the installation location. Furthermore, although FIG. 1 illustrates a case where the tubular portion 2 extends vertically, the tubular portion 2 may extend horizontally or may extend in a direction inclined relative to the horizontal.

[0024] The supply unit 3 is provided on one end side of the cylindrical unit 2 . The supply unit 3 includes, for example, a supply pipe 31 , a flange 32 , and a seal member 33 .

[0025] The supply pipe 31 is, for example, a cylindrical pipe. For example, one end of the supply pipe 31 can be provided on the outer wall of the tubular portion 2. The internal space of the supply pipe 31 is in communication with the internal space of the tubular portion 2. The material of the supply pipe 31 can be, for example, the same as the material of the tubular portion 2.

[0026] The flange 32 is plate-shaped and is provided at the end of the supply pipe 31 opposite to the cylindrical portion 2. A supply source of the fluid 301a can be connected to the flange 32 via a seal member 33.

[0027] The discharge portion 4 is provided on the other end side of the cylindrical portion 2. The discharge portion 4 includes, for example, a discharge pipe 41, a flange 42, and a seal member 43.

[0028] The discharge pipe 41 is, for example, a cylindrical pipe. For example, one end of the discharge pipe 41 can be provided on the outer wall of the tubular portion 2. The internal space of the discharge pipe 41 is in communication with the internal space of the tubular portion 2. The material of the discharge pipe 41 can be, for example, the same as the material of the tubular portion 2.

[0029] Flange 42 is plate-shaped and is provided at the end of discharge pipe 41 opposite to the cylindrical portion 2. A tank or the like that stores sterilized fluid 301b can be connected to flange 42 via seal member 43.

[0030] The light source 5 irradiates the fluid 301a flowing in the internal space of the cylindrical portion 2 with ultraviolet light through the window 6. The light source 5 can be provided near the supply portion 3, for example. As shown in FIG. 2, the light source 5 includes, for example, a light emitting element 51, a substrate 52, a base 53, a stand 54, and a wiring pipe 55.

[0031] The light-emitting element 51 is provided on the surface of the substrate 52 facing the window 6. The light-emitting element 51 irradiates ultraviolet light toward the window 6. At least one light-emitting element 51 can be provided. The number of light-emitting elements 51 can be changed as appropriate depending on the processing capacity required of the fluid sterilization device 1. When multiple light-emitting elements 51 are provided, the multiple light-emitting elements 51 can be connected in series.

[0032] There are no particular limitations on the light emitting element 51 as long as it is an element that irradiates ultraviolet light. The light emitting element 51 can be, for example, a light emitting diode or a laser diode.

[0033] The peak wavelength of the ultraviolet light emitted from the light-emitting element 51 is not particularly limited as long as it has a sterilizing effect. However, if the peak wavelength is 300 nm or less, the ultraviolet light can be easily absorbed by the DNA or RNA of bacteria or viruses. Therefore, the light-emitting element 51 can be, for example, a light-emitting diode that emits ultraviolet light with a peak wavelength of 200 nm to 300 nm.

[0034] The substrate 52 has a plate shape and can be provided on the bottom surface of a recess 53a of the base 53, which will be described later. A wiring pattern can be provided on the substrate 52. The material of the substrate 52 is preferably one that is resistant to ultraviolet light. The material of the substrate 52 can be, for example, ceramics such as aluminum oxide. The substrate 52 can also be a metal core substrate in which the surface of a metal plate is covered with an inorganic material. If the material of the substrate 52 is ceramics or the like, or the substrate 52 is a metal core substrate, it can achieve resistance to ultraviolet light and high heat dissipation properties.

[0035] The base 53 is, for example, plate-shaped and has a recess 53a that opens on the surface opposite to the end side of the tubular portion 2. The recess 53a can be provided in the central region of the base 53. A substrate 52 on which the light-emitting element 51 is mounted can be provided inside the recess 53a. The base 53 has the function of holding the substrate 52 on which the light-emitting element 51 is mounted and the function of dissipating heat generated in the light-emitting element 51 to the outside. For this reason, the base 53 is preferably made of a material with high thermal conductivity. The base 53 can be made of, for example, a metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0036] Furthermore, a plurality of holes 53b are provided near the periphery of the base 53. The plurality of holes 53b penetrate the base 53 in a direction along the central axis of the cylindrical portion 2. The plurality of holes 53b can be provided at equal intervals along the periphery of the base 53. Openings of the plurality of holes 53b on the nozzle plate 8, 18 side face openings on the base 53 side of portions 8a1, 18a1 (corresponding to an example of a first portion) of the nozzle holes 8a, 18a provided in the nozzle plates 8, 18. The plurality of holes 53b form flow paths that allow the fluid 301a to flow into the nozzle holes 8a, 18a.

[0037] Although the light source 5 has been described above as including a light-emitting element 51 that irradiates ultraviolet light, the light source 5 is not limited to this. For example, the light source 5 may be one that includes a discharge lamp that irradiates ultraviolet light. For example, the light source 5 may also be one that includes a low-pressure mercury lamp or a barrier discharge lamp. In this case, for example, the light source 5 may be a low-pressure mercury lamp that irradiates ultraviolet light with a peak wavelength of 254 nm, or a low-pressure mercury lamp that irradiates ultraviolet light with peak wavelengths of 185 nm and 254 nm.

[0038] The stand 54 is provided inside the cylindrical portion 2 and extends between the base 53 and the lid 21. One end of the stand 54 can be fixed to the base 53 using a fastening member such as a screw. The other end of the stand 54 can be fixed to the lid 21 using a fastening member such as a screw. The stand 54 supports the base 53, the window 6, the foreign matter treatment unit 7, and the nozzle plate 8 inside the cylindrical portion 2. For example, a plurality of stands 54 can be provided.

[0039] The stand 54 may be cylindrical or rod-shaped. However, as shown in Fig. 2, using a cylindrical stand 54 allows for a reduction in the weight of the stand 54, and therefore the light source 5. Reducing the weight of the light source 5 makes it easier to attach the light source 5 to the inside of the cylindrical portion 2 and remove the light source 5 from the inside of the cylindrical portion 2. This makes it easier to manufacture and maintain the fluid sterilization device 1. The stand 54 can be made of a metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel, for example.

[0040] The wiring pipe 55 is provided inside the cylindrical portion 2 and extends between the base 53 and the lid 21. The wiring pipe 55 has a cylindrical shape, and wiring that electrically connects the light-emitting element 51 and the controller 9 is inserted inside the wiring pipe 55. One end of the wiring pipe 55 can be fixed to the base 53 in a liquid-tight manner using a sealing member such as an O-ring. The other end of the wiring pipe 55 can be fixed to the lid 21 in a liquid-tight manner using a sealing member such as an O-ring. Openings at both ends of the wiring pipe 55 can be closed with wiring bushings or the like. The wiring pipe 55 can be made of a metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel, for example.

[0041] The window 6 has a plate shape and faces the side of the light source 5 that is irradiated with ultraviolet light. The surface of the window 6 in the central region opposite the base 53 side may be substantially flat. The window 6 is detachably attached to the base 53 by a member 6a that presses the vicinity of the periphery of the window 6. The member 6a may be, for example, cylindrical and is attached to the base 53 using a fastening member such as a screw. An overhang 6a1 is provided at the end of the member 6a opposite the base 53 side, contacting the surface of the window 6 opposite the base 53 side. The overhang 6a1 may be, for example, annular and protrudes inward from the member 6a. When the member 6a is attached to the base 53, the overhang 6a1 presses the vicinity of the periphery of the window 6 toward the base 53. Therefore, the window 6 is fixed to the base 53 by the member 6a. The member 6a may be formed of a metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0042] Furthermore, a sealing member such as a packing may be provided between the peripheral region of the surface of the window 6 facing the base 53 and the base 53. If a sealing member is provided, the opening of the recess 53a of the base 53 can be sealed liquid-tightly by the window 6 and the sealing member.

[0043] The window 6 is made of a material that can transmit ultraviolet light irradiated from the light source 5 and is resistant to ultraviolet light and the fluid 301a. The window 6 is made of, for example, quartz glass or a fluororesin that transmits ultraviolet light.

[0044] As will be described later, the blade 73a of the processing section 73 comes into contact with the surface of the window 6 opposite to the light source 5. Therefore, it is preferable that the surface roughness Ra of the surface of the window 6 opposite to the light source 5 is 0.2 μm or less. In this way, the water wheel 71 provided with the processing section 73 can be rotated smoothly.

[0045] Ultraviolet light emitted from the light source 5 is irradiated onto the fluid 301a flowing in the internal space of the tubular portion 2 through the window 6. A portion of the irradiated ultraviolet light is reflected by the inner wall of the tubular portion 2, and the reflected ultraviolet light is irradiated onto the fluid 301a. Therefore, the fluid 301a flowing in the internal space of the tubular portion 2 is efficiently sterilized by the ultraviolet light.

[0046] In this case, an anti-reflection film can be provided on the surface of the window 6 facing the light source 5. If an anti-reflection film is provided, it is possible to prevent the ultraviolet light emitted from the light-emitting element 51 from being reflected by the window 6 and becoming less irradiated onto the fluid 301a. In other words, it is possible to improve the utilization efficiency of the ultraviolet light emitted from the light-emitting element 51.

[0047] In addition, an anti-fouling film can be provided on the surface of the window 6 opposite the light source 5 side (the surface that comes into contact with the fluid 301a). As mentioned above, the fluid 301a may contain foreign matter. If foreign matter adheres to the window 6, it becomes difficult for the ultraviolet light emitted from the light emitting element 51 to pass through the window 6. If an anti-fouling film is provided, it is possible to prevent foreign matter from adhering to the window 6.

[0048] However, even if an antifouling film is provided on the window 6, if there is a relatively large amount of foreign matter, the foreign matter may adhere to the window 6. Moreover, over time, the foreign matter may adhere to the window 6. When the foreign matter adheres to the window 6, disassembling the fluid sterilization device 1 to remove the foreign matter adhered to the window 6 takes time and effort, and also reduces the operational rate of the fluid sterilization device 1.

[0049] Therefore, the fluid sterilization device 1 is provided with a foreign matter treatment section 7 that removes foreign matter adhering to the window 6 and prevents foreign matter from adhering to the window 6. 2, the foreign matter treatment section 7 is provided on the opposite side of the window 6 from the light source 5 side. The foreign matter treatment section 7 faces the window 6.

[0050] FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the foreign matter treating unit 7 and the nozzle plate 8. As shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the foreign matter treatment unit 7 and the nozzle plate 8 in FIG. 3, viewed from the direction of line AA. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the foreign matter processing unit 7 includes, for example, a water wheel 71, a support unit 72, and a processing unit 73.

[0051] The water wheel 71 rotates due to the reaction force generated when the fluid 301a passes through the multiple blades 71a of the water wheel 71. The water wheel 71 is a reaction water wheel. The water wheel 71 illustrated in FIG. 3 is a propeller water wheel, which is an example of a reaction water wheel. The rotational center axis 71e of the water wheel 71 can be approximately coaxial with the center axis of the cylindrical portion 2. The water wheel 71 is rotatably provided on the side of the window 6 opposite the light source 5 side.

[0052] The water turbine 71 has, for example, a plurality of blades 71 a, a frame 71 b, an arm 71 c, and a boss 71 d. For example, the plurality of blades 71 a, the frame 71 b, the arm 71 c, and the boss 71 d can be integrally formed. The water turbine 71 can be made of, for example, a metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0053] The plurality of wings 71a are provided, for example, on the surface of the frame portion 71b on the window 6 side, lined up at predetermined intervals.

[0054] The frame 71b has, for example, a circular ring shape. When viewed from a direction along the central axis of the tube 2, the inner part of the frame 71b is located outside the window 6. In addition, the multiple wings 71a provided on the frame 71b are also located outside the window 6. Therefore, when ultraviolet light irradiated from the light source 5 and transmitted through the window 6 is incident on the frame 71b and the multiple wings 71a, a decrease in the amount of ultraviolet light irradiated onto the fluid 301a can be suppressed.

[0055] The arm 71c is provided on the side of the frame portion 71b opposite to the window 6 side. A plurality of arms 71c can be provided. For example, the plurality of arms 71c can be provided at positions that are rotationally symmetrical about the central axis of rotation 71e of the water turbine 71. The number of arms 71c can be changed as appropriate depending on the dimensions of the frame portion 71b in the direction intersecting with the central axis of the cylindrical portion 2, etc.

[0056] Arm 71c extends between frame portion 71b and boss 71d. One end of arm 71c is provided on the surface of frame portion 71b opposite to the window 6. The other end of arm 71c is provided on the side of boss 71d.

[0057] The boss 71d extends along the central axis of the cylindrical portion 2. The boss 71d is provided inside the frame portion 71b. The central axis of the boss 71d can be the central rotation axis 71e of the water turbine 71. The boss 71d has a through hole extending in a direction along the central axis of the boss 71d. A plain bearing 71d1 can be provided in the through hole of the boss 71d.

[0058] The support portion 72 rotatably supports the water turbine 71 via a sliding bearing 71d1. The support portion 72 includes, for example, a stand 72a, a beam 72b, and a support shaft 72c.

[0059] The stand 72a is rod-shaped and extends in a direction along the central axis of the cylindrical portion 2. One end of the stand 72a is provided at the end of the nozzle plate 8 opposite the window 6 side. A plurality of stands 72a can be provided. The stand 72a can be made of metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel, for example.

[0060] The beam 72b is provided at the end of the stand 72a opposite to the nozzle plate 8 side. The beam 72b is rod-shaped and extends in a direction intersecting the central axis of the cylindrical portion 2. The beam 72b can be provided, for example, approximately parallel to the surface of the window 6 opposite to the light source 5 side. The beam 72b can be formed from, for example, a metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0061] The support shaft 72c is, for example, rod-shaped and extends between the beam 72b and the window 6 in a direction along the central axis of the cylindrical portion 2. The central axis of the support shaft 72c can be approximately coaxial with the central axis of the cylindrical portion 2. The vicinity of one end of the support shaft 72c is provided in the center portion of the beam 72b. A gap is provided between the other end of the support shaft 72c and the window 6. The support shaft 72c can be formed from, for example, an aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or other metal.

[0062] The processing unit 73 is provided on the water wheel 71. When the fluid 301a flows inside the cylindrical portion 2, the processing unit 73 rotates together with the water wheel 71 to remove foreign matter adhering to the window 6 or to prevent foreign matter from adhering to the window 6.

[0063] It is possible to provide at least one processing section 73. The foreign matter processing section 7 illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 is provided with two processing sections 73. For example, the two processing sections 73 can be provided at symmetrical positions on either side of the support shaft 72c. The processing section 73 includes, for example, a blade 73a, a support section 73b, and a biasing section 73c.

[0064] The blade 73a has, for example, a plate-like shape and extends in one direction. For example, the blade 73a extends along the window 6, and one end contacts the surface of the window 6 opposite the light source 5 side. In the thickness direction of the blade 73a, the dimension of the end of the blade 73a on the window 6 side is smaller than the dimension of the end of the blade 73a opposite the window 6 side. For example, the dimension in the thickness direction near the end of the blade 73a on the window 6 side becomes smaller as it approaches the tip side. For example, the end of the blade 73a on the window 6 side can be sharpened.

[0065] The blade 73a is preferably formed from a material that is resistant to the fluid 301a and ultraviolet rays, has low water absorption, is non-adhesive, has a low coefficient of friction, is insulating, and is heat resistant. For example, the blade 73a can be formed from a fluororesin such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene). If the blade 73a contains a fluororesin and has a sharp end on the window 6 side, the blade 73a can rotate smoothly even in the fluid 301a, which does not allow the use of a lubricant.

[0066] The support portion 73b is rod-shaped and can be provided as a pair. The pair of support portions 73b are provided on the water wheel 71 and are movable in a direction along the central axis of the tubular portion 2. The support portion 73b can be provided on an arm 71c of the water wheel 71 so as to be slidable in a direction along the central axis of the tubular portion 2, for example. For example, the support portion 73b can be provided on the arm 71c via a plain bearing. The support portion 73b can be formed from a metal such as stainless steel.

[0067] The biasing portion 73c is provided between the water wheel 71 and the blade 73a, and uses elastic force to press the blade 73a against the window 6. The biasing portion 73c may be, for example, a leaf spring. The biasing portion 73c is made of, for example, stainless steel or spring steel.

[0068] Here, the fluid 301a supplied into the tubular portion 2 via the supply unit 3 flows inside the tubular portion 2 in a direction along the central axis of the tubular portion 2. In this case, if the fluid 301a hits the blades 71a of the water turbine 71 in a direction along the central axis of the tubular portion 2, it may become difficult to convert the kinetic energy of the fluid 301a into rotation of the water turbine 71, or the conversion efficiency may decrease.

[0069] Therefore, the fluid sterilization device 1 according to this embodiment is provided with a nozzle plate 8. The nozzle plate 8 changes the flow direction of the fluid 301a flowing in a direction along the central axis of the cylindrical portion 2 to a direction from the inner wall side of the cylindrical portion 2 toward the center of the cylindrical portion 2.

[0070] As shown in FIG. 4, the nozzle plate 8 has, for example, a cylindrical shape. The nozzle plate 8 surrounds the water wheel 71, the member 6a, and the window 6. The nozzle plate 8 has a plurality of nozzle holes 8a. The nozzle holes 8a have a curved shape and change the flow direction of the fluid 301a flowing in a direction along the central axis of the cylindrical portion 2 to a direction from the inner wall side of the cylindrical portion 2 toward the center of the cylindrical portion 2. In other words, as the fluid 301a flows inside the nozzle holes 8a, the flow direction of the fluid 301a is changed from the direction along the central axis of the cylindrical portion 2 to a direction toward the center of the cylindrical portion 2.

[0071] The nozzle hole 8a has, for example, a portion 8a1 extending in a direction along the central axis of the cylindrical portion 2 and into which the fluid 301a flows, and a portion 8a2 (corresponding to an example of a second portion) extending in a direction from the inner wall side of the cylindrical portion 2 toward the center of the cylindrical portion 2 and into which the fluid 301a that has flowed into the portion 8a1 flows out. In this case, the direction in which the fluid 301a flows out of the nozzle hole 8a can be inclined with respect to the blades 71a of the water turbine 71. The direction in which the fluid 301a flows out of the nozzle hole 8a can be, for example, the direction in which the portion 8a2 extends.

[0072] In this case, the nozzle plate 8 can be divided into a portion provided with a plurality of portions 8a1 and a portion provided with a plurality of portions 8a2, or a plurality of nozzle holes 8a each having a portion 8a1 and a portion 8a2 can be provided in the integrally formed nozzle plate 8. If the nozzle plate 8 is divided into a portion provided with a plurality of portions 8a1 and a portion provided with a plurality of portions 8a2, it becomes easy to process the plurality of portions 8a1 and the plurality of portions 8a2.

[0073] If the integrally formed nozzle plate 8 is provided with a plurality of nozzle holes 8a each having a portion 8a1 and a portion 8a2, it becomes easy to attach and detach the nozzle plate 8. When the integrally formed nozzle plate 8 is provided with a plurality of nozzle holes 8a each having a portion 8a1 and a portion 8a2, the nozzle plate 8 having the plurality of nozzle holes 8a may be formed using, for example, a 3D printer. The nozzle plate 8 can be made of a metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0074] FIG. 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the foreign matter removal unit 7 and the nozzle plate 8 in FIG. 4, viewed from the direction of line BB.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 5, when viewed from a direction along the rotation axis 71e of the water turbine 71, the multiple nozzle holes 8a are arranged at equal intervals along the periphery of the nozzle plate 8. The number of the multiple nozzle holes 8a may be the same as or different from the number of blades 71a. The portion 8a2 extends, for example, toward the rotation axis 71e of the water turbine 71. For example, the multiple portions 8a2 extend radially from the rotation axis 71e of the water turbine 71. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the end of the portion 8a2 on the rotation axis 71e side is open. The end of the portion 8a2 opposite to the rotation axis 71e side is connected to the end of the portion 8a1. The end of the portion 8a1 opposite to the portion 8a2 side is connected to the hole 53b of the base 53.

[0076] Alternatively, the dimension of base 53 in the direction intersecting rotation central axis 71e may be reduced so that the end of portion 8a1 opposite to portion 8a2 directly opens into the interior of tubular portion 2. In other words, the fluid 301a flowing in the direction along the central axis of tubular portion 2 may flow into the interior of the plurality of nozzle holes 8a.

[0077] 5, when viewed from a direction along the rotation axis 71e of the water turbine 71, each of the multiple blades 71a of the water turbine 71 is inclined with respect to a line segment 71e1 extending radially from the rotation axis 71e. As described above, the portion 8a2 of the nozzle hole 8a extends radially from the rotation axis 71e. Therefore, the fluid 301a flowing out from the nozzle hole 8a (portion 8a2) collides with the blade 71a from a direction inclined with respect to the blade 71a.

[0078] Therefore, the kinetic energy of the fluid 301a can be efficiently converted into the rotation of the water turbine 71. Furthermore, by flowing the fluid 301a inside the nozzle hole 8a, the flow velocity of the fluid 301a can be increased. Therefore, the kinetic energy of the fluid 301a can be increased, which makes the rotation of the water turbine 71 smoother and increases the rotation speed of the water turbine 71.

[0079] Fig. 6 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view illustrating a water turbine 171 and a nozzle plate 18 according to another embodiment. Fig. 6 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the water turbine 171 and the nozzle plate 18 in Fig. 4 when viewed from the direction of line BB.

[0080] 6, the water turbine 171 has, for example, a plurality of blades 171a, a frame 71b, arms 71c, and a boss 71d. The blades 171a may be similar to the blades 71a described above. However, while the blades 71a described above are inclined with respect to a line segment 171e1 extending radially from the central axis of rotation 171e, the blades 171a are substantially parallel to the line segment 171e1.

[0081] The nozzle plate 18 may have a plurality of nozzle holes 18a instead of the plurality of nozzle holes 8a of the nozzle plate 8 described above. Each of the plurality of nozzle holes 18a is bent. The nozzle hole 18a has, for example, a portion 8a1 and a portion 18a2 (corresponding to an example of the second portion) extending in a direction from the inner wall side of the cylindrical portion 2 toward the center of the cylindrical portion 2. The portion 18a2 may be the same as the portion 8a2 described above. However, while the portion 8a2 described above extends radially from the rotation center axis 71e, the portion 18a2 extends in a direction inclined with respect to the line segment 171e1 extending radially from the rotation center axis 171e.

[0082] Therefore, in the water turbine 171 and nozzle plate 18 according to this embodiment, the fluid 301a flowing out from the nozzle hole 18a (portion 18a2) collides with the blade 171a from a direction inclined relative to the blade 171a. As a result, it is possible to obtain the same effects as in the case where the water turbine 71 and nozzle plate 8 described above are provided.

[0083] As described above, if the nozzle plate 8 (18) having the plurality of bent nozzle holes 8a (18a) is provided, the water wheel 71 provided with the blades 73a can be rotated efficiently. Therefore, foreign matter adhering to the window 6 can be efficiently removed or the adhesion of foreign matter to the window 6 can be suppressed.

[0084] In the above, when viewed from the direction along the central axis of rotation of the water turbine, the direction in which the fluid 301a flows out of the nozzle holes or the blades of the water turbine are inclined with respect to lines extending radially from the central axis of rotation of the water turbine, but this is not limiting. For example, the direction in which the fluid 301a flows out of the nozzle holes and the blades of the water turbine may be inclined with respect to lines extending radially from the central axis of rotation of the water turbine.

[0085] That is, when viewed from the direction along the central axis of rotation of the water turbine, the direction in which the fluid 301a flows out of the nozzle holes should not be parallel to the blades of the water turbine. For example, when viewed from the direction along the central axis of rotation of the water turbine, the direction in which the fluid 301a flows out of the nozzle holes should be inclined with respect to the blades of the water turbine.

[0086] In this case, when viewed from a direction along the central axis of rotation of the turbine, at least one of the direction in which the fluid 301a flows out of the nozzle hole and the blades of the turbine should be inclined relative to a line extending radially from the central axis of rotation of the turbine.

[0087] Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described above, these embodiments are presented by way of example only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be embodied in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, modifications, etc. can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and spirit of the invention, as well as within the scope of the invention and its equivalents as set forth in the claims. Furthermore, the above-described embodiments can be implemented in combination with each other.

[0088] The following are additional notes regarding the above-described embodiment.

[0089] (Appendix 1) a cylindrical portion having a space therein through which a fluid flows; a light source provided inside the cylindrical portion and configured to irradiate ultraviolet light; a window provided inside the cylindrical portion, facing the side of the light source onto which the ultraviolet light is irradiated, and transmitting the ultraviolet light irradiated from the light source; a water wheel having a plurality of blades, rotatably provided inside the cylindrical portion on the side opposite to the light source side of the window; a blade provided on the water wheel and contacting the window; a nozzle plate provided inside the cylindrical portion, surrounding the water wheel, and having a plurality of nozzle holes; Equipped with The nozzle hole has a curved shape and converts the flow direction of the fluid flowing in a direction along the central axis of the cylindrical portion into a direction from the inner wall side of the cylindrical portion toward the center side of the cylindrical portion.

[0090] (Appendix 2) 2. The fluid sterilizing device according to claim 1, wherein the direction in which the fluid flows out of the nozzle hole is inclined with respect to the blades of the water turbine.

[0091] (Appendix 3) 3. A fluid sterilization device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, when viewed from a direction along the central axis of rotation of the water turbine, the direction in which the fluid flows out of the nozzle holes and at least one of the blades of the water turbine are inclined with respect to a line segment extending radially from the central axis of rotation of the water turbine.

[0092] (Appendix 4) The fluid sterilization device according to any one of appendices 1 to 3, wherein the nozzle hole has a first portion extending in a direction along the central axis of the cylindrical portion and into which the fluid flows, and a second portion extending in a direction from the inner wall side of the cylindrical portion toward the center side of the cylindrical portion and through which the fluid that flows into the first portion flows out. [Explanation of symbols]

[0093] 1 fluid sterilization device, 2 cylindrical portion, 5 light source, 6 window, 7 foreign matter treatment portion, 8 nozzle plate, 8a nozzle hole, 8a1 portion, 8a2 portion, 18 nozzle plate, 18a nozzle hole, 18a1 portion, 18a2 portion, 51 light emitting element, 53 base, 71 water wheel, 71a blade, 71e rotation center shaft, 71e1 line segment, 73 treatment portion, 73a blade, 171a blade, 171e rotation center shaft, 171e1 line segment, 301a fluid

Claims

1. a cylindrical portion having a space therein through which a fluid flows; a light source provided inside the cylindrical portion and configured to irradiate ultraviolet light; a window provided inside the cylindrical portion, facing the side of the light source onto which the ultraviolet light is irradiated, and transmitting the ultraviolet light irradiated from the light source; a water wheel having a plurality of blades, rotatably provided inside the cylindrical portion on the side opposite to the light source side of the window; a blade provided on the water wheel and in contact with the window; a nozzle plate provided inside the cylindrical portion, surrounding the water wheel, and having a plurality of nozzle holes; Equipped with The nozzle hole has a curved shape and converts the flow direction of the fluid flowing in a direction along the central axis of the cylindrical portion into a direction from the inner wall side of the cylindrical portion toward the center side of the cylindrical portion.

2. 2. The fluid sterilizing device according to claim 1, wherein the direction in which the fluid flows out of the nozzle holes is inclined with respect to the blades of the water turbine.

3. 3. A fluid sterilization device as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, when viewed from a direction along the central axis of rotation of the water turbine, at least one of the direction in which the fluid flows out of the nozzle holes and the blades of the water turbine are inclined with respect to a line segment extending radially from the central axis of rotation of the water turbine.

4. 3. The fluid sterilization device according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle hole has a first portion extending in a direction along the central axis of the cylindrical portion and into which the fluid flows, and a second portion extending in a direction from the inner wall side of the cylindrical portion toward the center side of the cylindrical portion and into which the fluid that flows into the first portion flows out.

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