retaining wall

Abstract

By increasing the strength of the H-shaped steel itself, the strength of the supporting piles is increased, the strength of the wall members is made greater, and a retaining wall that can reliably and long-term support the horizontal component of earth pressure is provided. [Solution] The retaining wall 1 of the present invention comprises a plurality of support piles 2 having columnar parts 5 formed in the ground by cement grout or ready-mix concrete, and H-shaped steel 6 whose lower part is located inside the columnar parts and whose upper part is exposed from the columnar parts, a plurality of channel steel 3 fixed to the H-shaped steel 6, horizontal reinforcing bars 7a arranged on the upper surface of the channel steel 3 and extending horizontally, vertical reinforcing bars 7b arranged along the axis of the H-shaped steel 6 and extending vertically, and a wall member 4 in which the channel steel 3, the horizontal reinforcing bars 7a and the vertical reinforcing bars 7b are embedded inside with concrete C, and a reinforcing member PL is provided on the H-shaped steel 6 to reinforce the H-shaped steel 6, straddling the lower surface of the wall member 4.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a retaining wall.

Background Art

[0002] A retaining wall is a wall-like structure designed and constructed to prevent the collapse of a slope against the lateral pressure of soil when a large height difference exceeding the angle of repose of the soil is to be provided on the ground. In Patent Document 1, a retaining wall that minimizes the amount of flat land required for building a building is proposed. This retaining wall will be described based on FIGS. 23 and 24.

[0003] As shown in FIG. 23, this retaining wall 100 includes a plurality of support piles 20. The support pile 20 includes a columnar portion 50 formed by cement milk in the ground, and an H-shaped steel 60 whose lower part is disposed inside the columnar portion 50 and whose upper part protrudes from the columnar portion 50.

[0004] Also, as shown in FIG. 24, this retaining wall 100 includes a channel-shaped steel 30 fixed to the H-shaped steel 60 by welding or the like. The channel-shaped steel 30 is a shaped steel including a web 30a, a first flange 30b formed on one end side of the web 30a, and a second flange 30c formed on the other end side of the web 30a.

[0005] Furthermore, the retaining wall 100 includes a wall member 40. The wall member 40 is formed of so-called reinforced concrete in which reinforcing bars 70 are embedded in concrete. The reinforcing bar 70 is composed of a horizontally extending reinforcing bar 70a disposed on the web 30a of the channel-shaped steel 30 and a vertically extending longitudinal reinforcing bar 70b. Also, the wall member 40 is disposed in a planar (plate-like) shape along the H-shaped steel 60 of the plurality of support piles 20 and is fixed to the support piles 20 via the channel-shaped steel 30 embedded therein. In this retaining wall 100, the planar wall member 40 is configured to receive the horizontal component of the earth pressure.

[0006] Thus, the retaining wall 100 has channel steel 30, horizontal reinforcing bars 70a and vertical reinforcing bars 70b embedded within the wall member 40, and the wall member 40 is fixed to the support pile 20 via the channel steel 30, resulting in a composite structure in which the support pile 20 and the wall member 40 are integrated. The wall member 40 then receives the horizontal component of the earth pressure. This horizontal component of the earth pressure is transmitted via the channel steel 30 to the H-shaped steel 60 at the top of the support pile 20, and then to the bottom of the support pile 20, so that the wall member 40 resists the lateral pressure of the soil and prevents the slope from collapsing.

[0007] According to the retaining wall 100 proposed in Patent Document 1, support piles 20 are provided vertically, and planar (plate-shaped) wall members 40 are formed along the support piles 20, thereby preventing slope collapse against lateral pressure on the soil. However, in the retaining wall 100 proposed in Patent Document 1, the wall member 40 is made of so-called reinforced concrete, so the strength of the wall member 40 is not sufficient, and there is a risk of deformation due to earth pressure, failure such as shear failure, overturning, and settlement. In addition, because the wall member 40 is formed in a planar (plate) shape, there is a risk of heaping and consolidation sliding.

[0008] In Patent Document 2, the applicant proposed a retaining wall that solves the above problem. The retaining wall shown in Patent Document 2 will be described with reference to Figure 25. The retaining wall 200 has a plurality of support piles 203, each having a columnar portion 201 formed by cement grout in the ground, and an H-shaped steel 202 whose lower part is positioned inside the columnar portion 201 and whose upper part is exposed from the columnar portion 201. Furthermore, it has multiple L-shaped steel beams 204 fixed to the outer and inner surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the portion of the H-shaped steel beam 202 corresponding to the wall member 210, and also fixed to the outer surface between the upper and lower ends of the portion of the H-shaped steel beam corresponding to the wall member. Furthermore, it includes a transverse reinforcing bar 205 arranged on the upper surface of the L-shaped steel 204 and extending in the horizontal direction, and a longitudinal reinforcing bar 206 arranged along the axis of the H-shaped steel and extending in the vertical direction.

[0009] Furthermore, this retaining wall 200 has a wall top 210a and a wall base 210b. The wall head portion 210a and the wall base portion 210b have the H-shaped steel 202, the L-shaped steel 204, the horizontal reinforcing bars 205, and the vertical reinforcing bars 206 embedded inside by concrete C. Furthermore, the wall member 210 has a wall body portion 210c which is formed integrally with the wall head portion 210a and the wall base portion 210b. In this wall body portion 210c, the L-shaped steel 204, the horizontal reinforcing bars 205, and the vertical reinforcing bars 206 are embedded in concrete between the upper and lower ends of the portion of the H-shaped steel 203 corresponding to the wall member 210.

[0010] With this configuration, the wall body portion 210c of the wall member 200 is made of reinforced concrete (RC structure), in which L-shaped steel 204, horizontal reinforcing bars 205, and vertical reinforcing bars 206 are embedded inside by concrete. Furthermore, the wall head portion 210a and wall base portion 210b formed above and below the wall body portion 210c of the wall member 210 are SRC structures in which H-shaped steel 202, L-shaped steel 204, and reinforcing bars 205 and 206 are embedded in concrete C, and function as a strong beam structure. Therefore, the strength of the wall member 210 is significantly improved, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of deformation, shear failure, overturning, and settlement of the wall member 210 due to earth pressure.

[0011] Thus, in the retaining wall of Patent Document 2, the strength of the wall members can be increased, and it can reliably and long-term support against the horizontal component of earth pressure. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0012] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6940709 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 7511303 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0013] Incidentally, the horizontal component of the earth pressure is borne by the wall member, and this force acts on the supporting piles. In particular, a large force acts on the supporting piles at the lower end of the wall member, where the horizontal component of the earth pressure acts as a large bending moment force. Therefore, in order to increase the strength of the wall member, it is necessary to increase the strength of the supporting piles at the lower end of the wall member. However, in the retaining walls shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the support piles consist of a columnar part formed by cement grout and an H-shaped steel beam whose lower part is positioned inside the columnar part and whose upper part is exposed from the columnar part, and no means were taken to strengthen the support piles located at the lower end of the wall member. Furthermore, while it is possible to increase the strength of the support piles by using larger H-shaped steel beams, this method presents the challenge of increased construction costs.

[0014] This invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a retaining wall that can reliably and over a long period of time be supported against the horizontal component of earth pressure by increasing the strength of the support piles and the wall members by increasing the strength of the H-shaped steel itself. [Means for solving the problem]

[0015] To solve the aforementioned problems, the retaining wall according to the present invention is a retaining wall that receives the horizontal component of earth pressure by a wall member, and is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of support piles having a columnar part formed in the ground by cement grout or ready-mix concrete, and an H-shaped steel whose lower part is disposed inside the columnar part and whose upper part is exposed from the columnar part, a plurality of shaped steel fixed to the H-shaped steel, a lateral reinforcing bar disposed on the upper surface of the shaped steel and extending in the lateral direction, a longitudinal reinforcing bar disposed along the axis of the H-shaped steel and extending in the vertical direction, and a wall member in which the shaped steel, the lateral reinforcing bar and the longitudinal reinforcing bar are embedded inside by concrete, and a reinforcing member that reinforces the H-shaped steel is provided on the H-shaped steel, straddling the lower surface of the wall member.

[0016] Thus, since a reinforcing member for reinforcing the H-shaped steel is provided on the H-shaped steel so as to straddle the lower surface of the wall member, the strength of the support pile at the lower end portion of the wall member, where the horizontal component of the earth pressure acts greatly as a bending moment force, can be improved. As a result, the collapse of the support pile can be suppressed, the wall member can be reliably supported against the horizontal component of the earth pressure over a long period, and the occurrence of deformation, shear failure, etc., such as collapse and settlement of the wall member due to the earth pressure, can be suppressed.

[0017] Here, the reinforcing member is a plate-shaped steel reinforcing plate, and it is desirable that the reinforcing plate is provided in a region from the upper part of the H-shaped steel disposed inside at least the columnar portion to the lower part of the H-shaped steel exposed from the columnar portion. This region is a region where the horizontal component of the earth pressure acts greatly as a bending moment force, and it is necessary to improve the strength of the H-shaped steel at least in this region. In addition, the reinforcing plate may be provided from the lower end portion to the upper end portion of the H-shaped steel.

[0018] Also, it is desirable that the reinforcing plates are provided on the opposing surfaces of the web of the H-shaped steel, respectively. Also, it is desirable that the reinforcing plate is provided on the inner surface or the outer surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel. Furthermore, it is desirable that the reinforcing plate is provided on the inner surface and the outer surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel.

[0019] Also, the reinforcing member is a reinforcing stirrup provided so as to surround the H-shaped steel, and it is desirable that the reinforcing stirrup is formed in a region from the upper part of the H-shaped steel disposed inside at least the columnar portion to the lower part of the H-shaped steel exposed from the columnar portion. Also, the reinforcing stirrup may be formed from the lower end portion to the upper end portion of the H-shaped steel.

[0020] The reinforcing member comprises reinforcing stirrups provided to surround the H-shaped steel, and a reinforcing plate made of a plate-shaped steel, wherein the reinforcing plate is preferably formed in a region extending from at least the upper part of the H-shaped steel located inside the columnar portion to the lower part of the H-shaped steel exposed from the columnar portion. In this way, by incorporating both reinforcing stirrups and reinforcing plates, the strength of the H-beam can be further improved. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the reinforcing member surrounds the H-shaped steel and also surrounds the reinforcing bars arranged in the vertical direction. By having the reinforcing member surround the H-shaped steel and also surround the reinforcing bars arranged in the vertical direction in this way, the strength of the wall member can be further improved.

[0021] Furthermore, it is desirable that connecting members be provided to connect the H-shaped steel beams that constitute the support piles to one another. In this way, when connecting members are provided to link H-shaped steel beams together, the earth pressure acting on one H-shaped steel beam can be distributed to the other H-shaped steel beams, thereby suppressing the tilting of the H-shaped steel beams.

[0022] Furthermore, the wall comprises a plurality of shaped steels fixed to the outer and inner surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the portion corresponding to the wall member of the H-shaped steel, and fixed to the outer surface between the upper and lower ends of the portion corresponding to the wall member of the H-shaped steel; a wall head and wall base formed at the upper and lower ends of the portion corresponding to the wall member of the H-shaped steel, in which the H-shaped steel, the shaped steels, the horizontal reinforcement bars, and the vertical reinforcement bars are embedded in concrete; and a wall body formed integrally with the wall head and wall base as the wall member, in which the shaped steels, the horizontal reinforcement bars, and the vertical reinforcement bars are embedded in concrete between the upper and lower ends of the portion corresponding to the wall member of the H-shaped steel, and it is desirable that a reinforcing member is provided on the H-shaped steel to reinforce the H-shaped steel, straddling the lower surface of the wall base of the wall member. In a wall member comprising a wall body, a wall top, and a wall base, a reinforcing member is provided on the H-shaped steel to reinforce the H-shaped steel. This increases the strength of the wall member itself, thereby suppressing deformation due to earth pressure, shear failure, collapse, and settlement. [Effects of the Invention]

[0023] According to the present invention, by increasing the strength of the H-shaped steel itself, the strength of the support piles is increased, the strength of the wall members is made greater, and a retaining wall that can reliably and long-term support the horizontal component of earth pressure can be obtained. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0024] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a front view of a retaining wall according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a plan view of the retaining wall shown in Figure 1. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the upper part of section II in Figure 2. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the lower part of section II in Figure 2. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the upper part of the II-II section in Figure 2. [Figure 6] Figure 6 shows the first rib muscle. [Figure 7] Figure 7(a) shows the second rib muscle, and (b) shows the third rib muscle. [Figure 8] Figure 8 shows the first and second width-retaining bars. [Figure 9] Figure 9 shows the case where reinforcing plates are provided on opposing surfaces of the web of the H-beam. [Figure 10] Figure 10 shows other reinforcing plates provided on an H-beam, where (a) shows the case where it is provided on the outer surface of the flange of the H-beam, and (b) shows the case where it is provided on the inner surface of the flange of the H-beam. [Figure 11] Figure 11 is a front view of a retaining wall according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] Figure 12 is a plan view of the retaining wall shown in Figure 11. [Figure 13] Figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the upper part of section II in Figure 12. [Figure 14] Figure 14 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the lower part of section II in Figure 12. [Figure 15] Figure 15 shows reinforcing stirrups that reinforce an H-shaped steel beam. [Figure 16] Figure 16 shows a case where reinforcing stirrups and reinforcing plates are provided to reinforce the H-shaped steel. [Figure 17] Figure 17 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the upper part of a retaining wall according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 18] Figure 18 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the lower part of the retaining wall shown in Figure 17. [Figure 19] Figure 19 is a front view of a retaining wall according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 20] Figure 20 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the upper part of the retaining wall shown in Figure 19. [Figure 21] Figure 21 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the lower part of the retaining wall shown in Figure 19. [Figure 22] Figure 22 is a plan view showing a T-shaped retaining wall using connecting members. [Figure 23] Figure 23 is a front view of a conventional retaining wall. [Figure 24] Figure 24 is a partial cross-sectional view of the retaining wall shown in Figure 23. [Figure 25] Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of the retaining wall proposed by the applicant. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0025] (First embodiment) Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the retaining wall according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 10. The figure shows one embodiment of the retaining wall structure, and the spacing and number of reinforcing bars can be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0026] (Outline structure and features of retaining wall 1) As shown in Figure 1, the retaining wall 1 according to the present invention is a retaining wall 1 that receives the horizontal component of earth pressure by a wall member 4, and comprises a plurality of support piles 2 having columnar parts 5 formed in the ground by cement grout or ready-mixed concrete, and H-shaped steel 6 whose lower part is positioned inside the columnar part 5 and whose upper part is exposed from the columnar part 5. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 2 to 5, the retaining wall 1 comprises a plurality of structural steel 3 fixed to the H-shaped steel 6, horizontal reinforcing bars 7a arranged on the upper surface of the structural steel 3 and extending horizontally, and vertical reinforcing bars 7b arranged along the axis of the H-shaped steel 6 and extending vertically. The structural steel 3 may be any of the following: H-beams, I-beams, T-beams, angle steels, or channel steels. In this embodiment, the figure shows the case where an L-shaped steel, which is one type of angle steel, is used. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, the structure includes a wall member 4 in which the shaped steel 3, the transverse reinforcing bars 7a, and the longitudinal reinforcing bars 7b are embedded inside with concrete. In particular, the retaining wall 1 according to the present invention is characterized in that, as shown in Figures 2, 4, 9, and 10, a reinforcing plate PL is provided on the H-shaped steel 6 as a reinforcing member that reinforces the H-shaped steel, straddling the lower surface of the wall member 4.

[0027] Based on Figures 1 to 10, each component of the retaining wall 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. (Support pile 2) As shown in Figure 1, the support pile 2 has a columnar portion 5 formed, for example, in the ground using cement grout or ready-mix concrete, and an H-shaped steel 6 fixed to the columnar portion 5. The support pile 2 is fixed and reinforced in the ground using the cement grout (ready-mix concrete) method, and is installed so that the axis of the support pile 2 is vertical. The lower part of the H-shaped steel 6 is placed inside the columnar section 5, and the upper part of the H-shaped steel 6 is exposed from the columnar section 5. The cement milk is produced, for example, by mixing soil, water, cement, and bentonite at a mixing plant at the construction site. Ready-mix concrete is soft concrete that has been mixed at the factory but has not yet hardened and is delivered to the construction site.

[0028] The support piles 2 are buried in the ground at their lower ends and fixed to the supporting layer of the ground at their lowest ends. As shown in Figure 1, multiple support piles 2 are installed in parallel along the wall surface of the wall member 4 to be formed, at predetermined intervals. The distance L1 between the support piles 2 is, for example, 2000 mm. The portion of the H-shaped steel 6 on which the wall member 4 is provided is exposed and not covered by the columnar portion 5 formed by cement grout or ready-mix concrete. As shown in Figures 2 to 5, the wall member 4 is provided on this exposed portion of the H-shaped steel 6 via the structural steel 3.

[0029] The H-shaped steel beam 6 is a structural steel manufactured by hot rolling, and as shown in Figure 2, it has a web 6a and two flanges 6b and 6c that are parallel to each other. The plate surfaces of the flanges 6b and 6c of the H-shaped steel 6 are installed parallel to the wall surface of the wall member 4, as shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5. The H-shaped steel beams 6 are standard products based on JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) or similar standards. Furthermore, multiple H-shaped steel beams 6 may be connected axially to a single support pile 2. The H-shaped steel beams 6 can be joined together, for example, by high-strength bolts.

[0030] (Reinforcement plate PL for H-beam 6) As shown in Figures 2, 4, and 9, the H-shaped steel beam 6 is provided with a steel reinforcing plate PL as a reinforcing member to reinforce the H-shaped steel beam 6. As shown in Figure 4, the reinforcing plate PL is provided in a region extending from the upper part of the H-shaped steel 6, which is located inside the columnar section 5, to the lower part of the H-shaped steel 6 that is exposed from the columnar section 5. This region is where the horizontal component of earth pressure acts as a large bending moment force, and therefore it is necessary to improve the strength of the H-shaped steel in this region at least. Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, a reinforcing member (reinforcing plate PL) is provided on the H-shaped steel beam 6 so as to straddle the lower surface 4b1 of the wall member 4. Furthermore, the reinforcing plate PL may be provided from the lower end (lower end of the support pile 2) to the upper end (upper end of the wall member) of the H-shaped steel 6.

[0031] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 9, it is desirable that the reinforcing plates PL be provided on opposing surfaces of the web 6a of the H-shaped steel 6. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 10(a), the reinforcing plates PL may be provided on the outer surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel 6. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 10(b), the reinforcing plate PL may be provided on the inner surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel.

[0032] In this way, since the reinforcing plate PL is provided on the H-shaped steel 6 as a reinforcing member that reinforces the H-shaped steel 6 so as to straddle the lower surface 4b1 of the wall member 4(4b), the strength of the support pile 2 at the lower end of the wall member 4, where the horizontal component of earth pressure acts as a large bending moment force, is improved. As a result, the tilting of the support pile 2 (H-shaped steel 6) can be suppressed, and the wall member 4 can be reliably and long-term supported against the horizontal component of earth pressure, thereby suppressing deformation, shear failure, overturning, and settlement of the wall member 4 due to earth pressure.

[0033] The H-beam 6 and the reinforcing plate PL are fixed to each other by arc welding. The members can be joined using a generator / welder (welder) commonly used at construction sites, allowing for quick and easy joining of the reinforcing plate PL to the H-beam 6 on-site. Furthermore, on-site welding allows for adjustment of the height of the reinforcing plate PL relative to the H-beam 6 to suit the site conditions.

[0034] Furthermore, the H-shaped steel 6 and the reinforcing plate PL may be fixed to each other by joining with high-strength bolts (not shown). The high-strength bolts are, for example, torque-shear type high-strength bolts (S10T M22), and the tightening torque can be confirmed by the breakage of the pin tail that is pre-formed at the tip, and uniform mounting strength can be ensured for multiple high-strength bolts. High-strength bolts are fastened using a shear wrench (e.g., a very short type). When using high-strength bolts for joining, the work can be performed using only a generator.

[0035] (shape steel 3) As shown in Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5, the structural steel 3 may be any of the following: H-beams, I-beams, T-beams, angle steels, or channel steels. In this embodiment, the figure shows the case in which an L-shaped steel, which is one type of angle steel, is used. This L-shaped steel is an L-shaped equilateral angle steel (it may be an angle steel, not limited to equilateral angles), and has a web 3a and a flange 3b formed on one end of the web 3a. The aforementioned structural steel 3 is a structural steel manufactured by hot rolling, and is, for example, a standard product based on JIS. In the case of hot-rolled structural steel, unlike cast structural steel, structural steel 3 has stable strength with no variation depending on the product.

[0036] As shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, the flange 3b of this structural steel 3 is joined and fixed to the H-shaped steel 6, and the web 3a is positioned almost horizontally in a cantilevered state. Specifically, one side of the structural steel 3 is joined and fixed to the H-beam, and in a side view, the structural steel 3 is attached to the H-beam in an L-shape. This fixing of the structural steel 3 is done by welding or by high-strength bolts. As a result, the H-shaped steel 6 and the structural steel 3 are joined and fixed together in surface contact, and the force between the H-shaped steel 6 and the structural steel 3 is transmitted through the surface. In the following explanation, in the H-shaped steel beam 6, the side where the wall body portion 4c of the wall member 4 is located (flange 6b side) will be referred to as the outer side, and the opposite side (flange 6c side) will be referred to as the inner side.

[0037] To explain the fixing of the support pile 2 and the structural steel 3, the flanges 6b and 6c of the H-shaped steel 6 of the support pile 2 are fixed to the flanges 3b of the structural steel 3 so that they are in surface contact with each other. For example, the support pile 2 and the structural steel 3 are fixed to each other by arc welding. The members can be joined using a generator / welder (welder) that is commonly used at construction sites, allowing for quick and easy on-site joining of the structural steel 3 to the support pile 2. Furthermore, on-site welding makes it easy to adjust the height of the structural steel 3.

[0038] The structural steel 3 is inspected by impact testing to determine whether it is properly fixed to the support pile 2. In this case, when viewed from the side, the structural steel 3 is attached to the H-shaped steel in an L-shape, and a second flange (projection) of the channel steel as shown in Patent Document 1 is not formed. Therefore, the hammer will not hit the tip of the second flange, will move laterally, and avoid dangers such as hitting the worker.

[0039] Alternatively, the support pile 2 and the structural steel 3 may be fixed to each other by joining them with high-strength bolts (not shown). The high-strength bolts are, for example, torque-shear type high-strength bolts (S10T M22), and the tightening torque can be confirmed by the breakage of the pin tail that is pre-formed at the tip, and uniform mounting strength can be ensured for multiple high-strength bolts. High-strength bolts are fastened using a shear wrench (e.g., a very short type). When using high-strength bolts for joining, the work can be performed using only a generator.

[0040] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, multiple structural steel sections 3 are provided at equal intervals along the axial direction of the H-shaped steel section 6 on the outer surface (flange 6b side) of the portion of the H-shaped steel section 6 between the upper end 6d and the lower end 6e (the portion corresponding to the wall body 4c of the wall member 4). Then, in each structural steel section 3, force is transmitted between the support pile 2 and the wall member 4. The spacing L2 between the structural steel sections 3 is, for example, about 200 mm to 300 mm.

[0041] As shown in Figure 3, the structural steel 3 is provided on the outer surface (flange 6b side) and the inner surface (flange 6c side) of the upper end portion 6d of the H-shaped steel 6 that corresponds to the wall member 4. Similarly, as shown in Figure 4, the structural steel 3 is provided on the outer surface (flange 6b side) and the inner surface (flange 6c side) of the lower end portion 6e of the H-shaped steel 6 that corresponds to the wall member 4. Figures 3, 4, and 5 show the case where two structural steel sections 3 are provided along the axial direction of the H-shaped steel section 6, on both the outer surface (flange 6b side) and the inner surface of the upper end 6d and lower end 6e of the portion corresponding to the wall member 4 of the H-shaped steel section 6.

[0042] The aforementioned structural steel 3 is joined and fixed to the H-shaped steel 6 of each support pile 2, and is further embedded in concrete inside the wall member 4, thereby integrating the support pile 2 and the wall member 4. Furthermore, at the upper end 6d and lower end 6e of the portion of the H-shaped steel 6 corresponding to the wall member 4, the shaped steel 3 is provided on the outer side (flange 6b side) and inner side (flange 6c side) of the H-shaped steel 6, respectively, forming the wall head 4a and wall base 4b of the wall member 4. As shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, when viewed in a vertical cross-section, the wall member 4 is formed in a so-called U-shape by the wall head portion 4a and wall base portion 4b that protrude from the wall body portion 4c.

[0043] If the height H of the wall member 4 (see Figure 1) is, for example, 6000 mm, then approximately 20 to 30 structural steel sections 3 are installed on the outer surface (flange 6b side) of a single H-shaped steel section 6. Furthermore, it is desirable to vary the spacing between the structural steel members 3 according to the earth pressure acting on the wall member 4. For example, the spacing L2 between the structural steel members 3 at the bottom of the wall member 4 may be narrower than at the top.

[0044] Furthermore, the structural steel 3 is joined and fixed to each of the parallel support piles 2 (H-shaped steel 6) so that the horizontal height is the same for all of the support piles 2 (H-shaped steel 6).

[0045] (Reinforcement bars 7) As shown in Figures 2 to 5, the reinforcing bar 7 includes, for example, a plurality of horizontal reinforcing bars 7a that extend in the horizontal direction and serve as main reinforcement, and a plurality of vertical reinforcing bars 7b that extend in the vertical direction and serve as distribution reinforcement. The horizontal reinforcing bars 7a have, for example, a diameter of D16 and are positioned horizontally on the channel steel 3. The horizontal reinforcing bars 7a are tied to the channel steel 3 and fixed to the channel steel 3. On the other hand, the vertical reinforcing bars 7b have, for example, a diameter of D13. The vertical reinforcing bars 7b are tied to the horizontal reinforcing bars 7a and fixed to the horizontal reinforcing bars 7a.

[0046] Since each horizontal reinforcing bar 7a is placed on the structural steel 3, the spacing between the vertical horizontal reinforcing bars 7a in the wall member 4 is equal to the spacing L2 between the structural steel 3, for example, about 200 mm to 300 mm. The spacing L3 between the horizontal and vertical reinforcing bars 7b in the wall member 4 is, for example, about 200 mm to 300 mm. The horizontal reinforcing bars 7a and the vertical reinforcing bars 7b arrange the reinforcing bars 7 in a grid pattern inside the wall member 4.

[0047] As shown in Figures 2 to 5, the lateral reinforcing bars 7a(7) of the wall member 4 are placed horizontally on the horizontal webs 3a of multiple structural steel sections 3 of the same height, and the lateral reinforcing bars 7a(7) are tied to the structural steel sections 3. This allows for the transmission of force between the structural steel sections 3 and the lateral reinforcing bars 7a(7) of the wall member 4, and the stress on the wall member 4 is reliably transmitted to the support piles 2 via the structural steel sections 3.

[0048] Two, for example, horizontal reinforcing bars 7a(7) of the wall member 4 are placed on the horizontal web 3a of the structural steel 3. Therefore, with the structural steel 3 fixed to the flanges 6b and 6c of the H-shaped steel 6 of the support pile 2, the reinforcing bars 7 placed on the web 3a of the structural steel 3 can be positioned at a fixed location relative to the flange surface of the H-shaped steel 6.

[0049] Furthermore, when arranging the lateral reinforcing bars 7a of the wall member 4, the reinforcing bars 7 can be positioned horizontally simply by placing them on multiple structural steel sections 3, thus simplifying the reinforcing work. Moreover, on the horizontal web 3a of the structural steel section 3, it is easy to maintain a predetermined distance between the lateral reinforcing bars 7a, thus ensuring accurate spacing of the reinforcing bars 7.

[0050] (1st, 2nd, and 3rd ribs 10, 11, 12) As shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, the top 4a and bottom 4b of the wall member 4 have first stirrups 10 arranged to surround the lateral reinforcing bars 7a provided in the structural steel 3. As shown in Figure 2, multiple first stirrups 10 are provided in the wall top portion 4a and wall base portion 4b of the wall member 4 in the direction of extension of the wall member 4.

[0051] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the first stirrup 10 is provided so as to surround the entire lateral reinforcement 7a, spanning the inner and outer surfaces of the upper end portion of the H-shaped steel 6 corresponding to the wall member 4. Therefore, as shown in Figure 6, the first stirrup 10 has a rectangular shape that is long in the width direction of the wall member. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, multiple first stirrups 10 are provided between multiple parallel H-shaped steel beams 6. When the spacing between the first stirrups 10 between the multiple H-shaped steel beams 6 is 100 mm or less, for example, D10 is used, and when the spacing between the first stirrups 10 exceeds 100 mm, for example, D13 is used.

[0052] Similarly, as shown in Figure 4, this first stirrup 10 is provided so as to surround the entire lateral reinforcement 7a, spanning the inner and outer surfaces of the lower end portion of the H-shaped steel 6 corresponding to the wall member 4. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, multiple first stirrups 10 are provided between multiple parallel H-shaped steels 6.

[0053] If the spacing of the first stirrups 10 between multiple H-shaped steel beams 6 is 100 mm or less, for example, D10 is used, and if the spacing of the first stirrups 10 exceeds 100 mm, for example, D13 is used.

[0054] The contact points between the first stirrups 10 and the transverse reinforcement bars 7a and longitudinal reinforcement bars 7b are then joined by binding. In this way, the first stirrups 10 are provided at the upper end 4a and the lower end 4b respectively, so as to surround the entire lateral reinforcing bars 7a arranged in the outer and inner channel steel 3, thereby improving the strength of the upper end 4a and the lower end 4b of the wall member 4.

[0055] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, in addition to the first stirrups 10, the second stirrups 11 are arranged to surround the entire lateral reinforcing bars 7a that are fixed to the outer surface of the exposed H-shaped steel 6 in the structural steel 3. Multiple second stirrups 11 are arranged opposite the H-shaped steel at predetermined intervals, at the upper end 4a and the lower end 4b, respectively. Furthermore, the third stirrups 12 are arranged to surround the entire lateral reinforcing bars 7a that are arranged on the structural steel 3 fixed to the inner surface of the exposed H-shaped steel 6. Multiple third stirrups 12 are arranged opposite the H-shaped steel at predetermined intervals, at the upper end 4a and the lower end 4b, respectively. As shown in Figures 7(a) and 7(b), the second stirrups 11 and third stirrups 12 are rectangular in shape and shorter in the width direction of the wall member 4 than the first stirrups 10. For example, D10 and D13 can be used as the second stirrups 11 and third stirrups 12.

[0056] When the second stirrup 11 and the third stirrup 12 are located close to the longitudinal reinforcement bars 7b, the second stirrup 11 and the third stirrup 12 are tied to the longitudinal reinforcement bars 7b and the transverse reinforcement bars 7a. If the second stirrups 11 and the third stirrups 12 are not provided in contact with the longitudinal reinforcement bars 7b, then the second stirrups 11 and the third stirrups 12 are tied to the transverse reinforcement bars 7a.

[0057] In this way, a second stirrup 11 is provided at each of the upper end 4a and lower end 4b so as to surround the entire lateral reinforcing bar 7a arranged on the outer surface, and a third stirrup 12 is provided so as to surround the entire lateral reinforcing bar 7a arranged in the channel steel 3 on the inner surface, thereby further improving the strength of the upper end 4a and lower end 4b of the wall member 4.

[0058] (First width-retaining muscle 15, second width-retaining muscle 16) As shown in Figures 2 and 5, multiple first width-retaining bars 15 and second width-retaining bars 16 are provided between multiple parallel H-shaped steel beams 6. The first width-retaining reinforcement bar 15 and the second width-retaining reinforcement bar 16 are positioned between the longitudinal reinforcement bars 7b and are located on the transverse reinforcement side, closer to the H-shaped steel 6.

[0059] As shown in Figure 8, the first width-retaining reinforcement bar 15 and the second width-retaining reinforcement bar 16 are reinforcing bars with their ends formed in a U-shape. Furthermore, the first width-retaining reinforcement bar 15 and the second width-retaining reinforcement bar 16 are tied to the first stirrups 10, with the upper and lower horizontal reinforcement bars 7a arranged in the channel steel 3 provided in the vertical direction on the outer and inner sides, and the reinforcement bars 7a arranged on the H-shaped steel 6 side.

[0060] Here, width-retaining bars refer to reinforcing bars placed in the direction of the main reinforcement in the middle section of the beam in order to maintain the shape of the stirrups. Furthermore, in addition to the upper end 6d of the H-shaped steel 6 shown in Figure 5, a first width-retaining reinforcement bar 15 and a second width-retaining reinforcement bar 16 are provided at the lower end 6e, although these are not shown in the figure. The width-retaining reinforcement bars 15 and 16 at the lower end 6e are arranged in the same manner as at the upper end 6d of the H-shaped steel 6.

[0061] In this way, by using the first width-retaining reinforcement bar 15 and the second width-retaining reinforcement bar 16, the strength of the wall member can be increased, and it can reliably and long-term support against the horizontal component of earth pressure.

[0062] (Wall component 4) As described above, the wall member 4 is in contact with the soil and receives the horizontal component of the soil pressure. As shown in Figure 1, a wall top 4a and a wall base 4b are provided above and below the wall body 4c of the wall member 4. In other words, the wall member 4 is composed of a wall head portion 4a, a wall base portion 4b, and a wall body portion 4c between the wall head portion 4a and the wall base portion 4. The wall member 4 is installed along a plurality of parallel support piles 2, as shown in Figure 1. The wall surface of wall member 4 is formed perpendicular to the horizontal plane, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. The thickness of wall member 4 is determined according to the earth pressure it receives.

[0063] The thickness W of the wall member 4 is, for example, approximately 200 mm to 250 mm. This thickness W of the wall member 4 depends on the height of the surface of the wall member 4. For example, if the height of the surface of the wall member 4 is 3 m, the thickness W of the wall member 4 will be 250 mm. Furthermore, the thickness Wa of the wall head 4a and the thickness Wb of the wall base 4b are, for example, approximately 600 mm to 650 mm, assuming the thickness of the H-shaped steel 6 is 400 mm.

[0064] As described above, the wall member 4 has a structural steel 3 embedded inside and is integrated with the support pile 2, and receives the horizontal component of the earth pressure and transmits the force to the support pile 2 via the structural steel 3 located inside.

[0065] Furthermore, as mentioned above, this wall body 4c (the part between the wall head 4a and the wall base 4b) is made of reinforced concrete (RC structure) with reinforcing bars 7 placed inside the concrete. Furthermore, the wall head 4a and wall base 4b are constructed using a so-called SRC (Steel Reinforced Concrete) structure, as the H-shaped steel 6, shaped steel 3, reinforcing bars 7, and stirrups 10 are embedded in the concrete. Furthermore, since the top 4a and bottom 4b of the wall member 4 can be made into high-strength beam structures, the strength of the wall member is significantly improved, and deformation, shear failure, and overturning of the wall member due to earth pressure can be prevented.

[0066] Furthermore, the base portion 4b of the wall member 4 is installed and embedded in the ground at a position below the ground surface on the lower side of the step. As described above, the wall base 4b of the wall member 4 is a high-strength beam structure, and the lower surface of the wall base 4b of the wall member 4 is formed with a surface shape in which the length in the width direction (front-to-back direction of the wall) is greater than the thickness W of the wall body 4c of the wall member 4 (width Wb).

[0067] Therefore, by installing the wall base 4b, which has a large width (width Wb) in the width direction (front-to-back direction of the wall), in the ground, it is possible to prevent settlement and heaving that may occur depending on the properties of the ground. In addition, by adjusting the embedment depth, it is possible to prevent the phenomenon (circular slip) in which the soil on the upper side of the step in the land (backfill soil) passes under the retaining wall 1 due to consolidation settlement and pushes up the excavated bottom ground on the lower side of the step. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, the wall base 4b of the wall member 4, which is installed underground, can be installed more stably by placing it on lean concrete 14 formed on top of ground compacted with crushed stone 13.

[0068] In this configuration, the retaining wall 1 is a composite structure in which the support piles 2 and the wall members 4 are integrated. The horizontal component of the earth pressure received by the wall members 4 is transmitted via the structural steel 3 to the H-shaped steel 6 at the top of the support piles 2 and to the lower part of the support piles 2. In this case, the wall head 4a and wall base 4b are made of SRC (steel reinforced concrete) as described above and function as a strong beam structure. Therefore, compared to an RC (reinforced concrete) wall member in which the wall head 4a and wall base 4b are not formed, the strength of the wall member is significantly improved, and distortion, failure, overturning, and settlement of the wall member due to earth pressure can be prevented. Furthermore, since a reinforcing plate PL is provided on the H-shaped steel 6 as a reinforcing member that reinforces the H-shaped steel 6 so as to straddle the lower surface 4b1 of the wall member 4(4b), the strength of the support pile 2 at the lower end of the wall member 4, where the horizontal component of earth pressure acts as a large bending moment force, can be improved. As a result, the collapse of the support pile 2 (H-shaped steel 6) can be suppressed, and the wall member 4 can be reliably and long-term supported against the horizontal component of earth pressure, thereby further suppressing deformation, shear failure, overturning, and settlement of the wall member 4 due to earth pressure.

[0069] (Construction method of retaining wall 1) Next, a method for constructing a retaining wall according to this embodiment will be described. The method for constructing the retaining wall is basically the same as the method described in Patent Document 2, except that a reinforcing plate PL is provided on the H-shaped steel 6 as a reinforcing member to reinforce the H-shaped steel. First, support piles 2 are erected on site. Support piles 2 are erected using either pre-boring cement grout or ready-mix concrete injection and compaction methods.

[0070] Markings are made on a steel guide called a ruler, which serves as a marker for the installation position of the H-shaped steel beam 6, to determine the pile center. Based on the markings, the auger (drill) for excavation on the construction machinery is set up. The auger then drills to the specified depth, and the auger is withdrawn at the same rotation speed as when it was drilling. Cement grout or ready-mix concrete is then injected while the soil is removed. This prevents the collapse of the drilled wall due to the pressure of the cement grout or ready-mix concrete.

[0071] Reinforcement plates PL are provided in advance on the H-shaped steel beam 6. Preferably, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the reinforcement plates PL are provided on at least two sides of the H-shaped steel beam 6. This reinforcing plate PL is provided in the region from at least the upper part of the H-shaped steel 6 located inside the columnar part 5 to the lower part of the H-shaped steel 6 exposed from the columnar part 5 when the H-shaped steel 6 is installed (see Figure 4). Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, a reinforcing member (reinforcing plate PL) is provided on the H-shaped steel beam 6 so as to straddle the lower surface 4b1 of the wall member 4. Furthermore, the reinforcing plate PL may be provided from the lower end (lower end of the support pile 2) to the upper end (upper end of the wall member) of the H-shaped steel 6. Also, as shown in Figure 9, the reinforcing plate PL may be provided on opposing surfaces of the web 6a of the H-shaped steel 6, as shown in Figure 10(a), as well as on the outer surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel 6, and as shown in Figure 10(b), as well as on the inner surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel.

[0072] The reinforcing plate PL is attached to the H-beam 6 by welding. When welding is used, the height position of the reinforcing plate PL relative to the H-beam 6 can be adjusted. Furthermore, the reinforcing plates PL may be attached to the H-shaped steel beam 6 by fastening them together with high-strength bolts (not shown).

[0073] Next, the H-shaped steel beam 6 is lifted by construction machinery, moved to the top of the excavation hole, and erected inside the hole. If, after installing support piles 2, it is necessary to excavate in front of support piles 2 on a slope or similar terrain, then, before excavation, horizontal sheet piles should be buried in the ground between support piles 2 and stacked vertically, and then the front side of support piles 2 should be excavated in the same manner as the construction method for temporary earth retaining.

[0074] After the installation of multiple support piles 2 is complete, the structural steel 3 is fixed to the support piles 2. First, the fixing positions of the structural steel 3 on the flanges of the support piles 2 are determined by marking out. The structural steel 3 is fixed by welding or high-strength bolting. After the fixing position of the structural steel 3 is determined on site, the structural steel 3 is fixed by welding or high-strength bolting. Whether the structural steel 3 is properly fixed to the support pile 2 is inspected by impact testing.

[0075] After all the structural steel 3 are fixed to the support piles 2, reinforcement work is carried out to form the wall members 4. The horizontal reinforcement bars 7a can be placed on top of the structural steel 3, making the work easy. In addition, vertical reinforcement bars 7b are placed between the structural steel 3, parallel to the axis of the H-shaped steel 6. Then, the reinforcing bars 7 of the wall member 4 are positioned by tying the horizontal reinforcing bars 7a to the structural steel 3, or by tying the vertical reinforcing bars 7b to the horizontal reinforcing bars 7a.

[0076] Furthermore, the first stirrups 10 are arranged to surround the lateral reinforcing bars 7a across the inner and outer surfaces of the upper end portion 6d of the H-shaped steel 6 corresponding to the wall member 4. Multiple first stirrups 10 at the upper end portion 6d are arranged between multiple parallel H-shaped steel 6, as shown in Figure 2. Furthermore, the first stirrups 10 are arranged to surround the lateral reinforcing bars 7a across the inner and outer surfaces of the lower end portion 6e of the H-shaped steel 6 corresponding to the wall member 4. Multiple first stirrups 10 of the lower end portion 6e are arranged between multiple parallel H-shaped steel 6. Furthermore, the first width-retaining reinforcement bar 15 and the second width-retaining reinforcement bar 16 are positioned between the longitudinal reinforcement bars 7b and on the transverse reinforcement side closer to the H-shaped steel 6.

[0077] Then, where there are vertical reinforcing bars 7b, the first stirrups 10, the horizontal reinforcing bars 7a, and the vertical reinforcing bars 7b are tied together. Furthermore, where there are no vertical reinforcing bars 7b (but there are the first width-retaining bars 15 and the second width-retaining bars 16), the first width-retaining bars 15 and the second width-retaining bars 16 are upper and lower horizontal reinforcing bars 7a arranged in the channel steel 3 provided in the vertical direction on the outer and inner sides, and are tied to the reinforcing bars 7a arranged on the H-shaped steel 6 side.

[0078] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, multiple second stirrups 11 and third stirrups 12 are provided opposite the H-shaped steel 6. The second stirrups 11 and third stirrups 12 are tied to the longitudinal reinforcing bars 7b and the transverse reinforcing bars 7a, and if there are no longitudinal reinforcing bars 7b, they are tied to the transverse reinforcing bars 7a. In this way, by providing the second stirrups 11 and the third stirrups 12, the strength of the upper end 4a and the lower end 4b of the wall member 4 can be further improved.

[0079] Next, the concrete portion of the wall member 4 is formed. The wall member 4 is formed by cast-in-place concrete. That is, the formwork is erected, the concrete is poured, and the formwork is removed after the required concrete strength is achieved. This completes the structure of the retaining wall 1, in which the wall member 4 is integrated with the support piles 2.

[0080] As described above, according to this embodiment, the reinforced concrete wall member 4 receives the horizontal component of earth pressure and transmits the force to the support pile 2 via the structural steel 3, which is a structural steel placed inside. The retaining wall 1 is a composite structure in which the support pile 2, which is an H-shaped steel, and the wall member 4 (wall body 4c), which is a reinforced concrete (RC structure), are integrated.

[0081] In particular, the top 4a and bottom 4b of the wall member 4 are SRC structures with H-shaped steel 6, shaped steel 3, and reinforcing bars 7 embedded in concrete, and function as a strong beam structure. As a result, the strength of the wall member 4 is improved, preventing distortion and damage to the wall member 4, and providing reliable and long-term support against the horizontal component of earth pressure. Furthermore, the lower surface of the wall base 4b of the wall member 4 has a surface shape in which the length (width Wb) in the width direction (front-to-back direction of the wall) is greater than the thickness W of the wall body 4c of the wall member 4. This prevents settlement, heaving, and consolidation sliding that may occur depending on the properties of the ground.

[0082] Furthermore, when performing impact testing, as shown in Patent Document 1, the second flange of the channel steel does not protrude, allowing for proper impact testing and avoiding dangers such as the hammer hitting the tip of the second flange, drifting laterally, and hitting the worker. Furthermore, since a reinforcing plate PL is provided on the H-shaped steel 6 as a reinforcing member that reinforces the H-shaped steel 6 so as to straddle the lower surface 4b1 of the wall member 4 (4b), the strength of the support pile 2 at the lower end of the wall member 4, where the horizontal component of earth pressure acts as a large bending moment force, can be improved. As a result, the collapse of the support pile 2 (H-shaped steel 6) can be suppressed, and the wall member 4 can be reliably and long-term supported against the horizontal component of earth pressure, and deformation, shear failure, overturning, and settlement of the wall member 4 due to earth pressure can be further suppressed.

[0083] In the above embodiment, the structural steel 3 was L-shaped (angle steel) having a web 3a and a flange 3b formed on one end of the web 3a. However, in the present invention, the shape of the structural steel 3 is not limited to that form. For example, the web portion of a channel steel with a U-shaped cross-section, having flanges on both the left and right sides of the web, may be joined to the flange of the H-shaped steel 6 in a state of surface contact, and reinforcing bars may be placed on the flange portion.

[0084] (Second Embodiment) A second embodiment of the retaining wall according to the present invention will be described below with reference to Figures 11 to 16. Note that the figures show one embodiment of the retaining wall structure, and the spacing and number of reinforcing bars can be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. The retaining wall 1 of this second embodiment has the same basic configuration as the first embodiment, but is characterized by reinforcing stirrups R which are provided in place of the reinforcing plate PL that reinforces the H-shaped steel 6, or which are provided together with the reinforcing plate PL. In this second embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for members that are the same as or equivalent to those in the first embodiment, and their detailed descriptions are omitted.

[0085] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 12, 15, and 16, a rectangularly bent stirrup R (hereinafter referred to as reinforcing stirrup) is used as a reinforcing member of the H-shaped steel 6. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 11, 12, 13, and 14, these reinforcing stirrups R are provided in the vertical direction so as to surround the H-shaped steel 6.

[0086] The reinforcing stirrups R must be formed in the region from the upper part of the H-shaped steel 6, which is located inside the columnar section 5, to the lower part of the H-shaped steel 6 that is exposed from the columnar section 5. This is because this region is where the horizontal component of earth pressure acts as a large bending moment force, and therefore it is necessary to improve the strength of the H-shaped steel in at least this region. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 14, the explanation will be given using the example where reinforcing stirrups R that reinforce the H-shaped steel are formed from the lower end (lower end of the support pile 2) to the upper end (upper end of the wall member) of the H-shaped steel 6, straddling the lower surface 4b1 of the wall member 4.

[0087] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 16, the reinforcing stirrups R cover the outer perimeter of the H-shaped steel 6 and are welded to the H-shaped steel 6 (welding at the corners of the H-shaped steel 6 as welding point Y). Note that the reinforcing stirrups R do not necessarily need to be welded to the H-shaped steel 6; they may be tied to the H-shaped steel 6 instead. Then, the H-shaped steel 6, the multiple stirrups R, the transverse reinforcing bars 7a, and the longitudinal reinforcing bars 7b are embedded in the wall body 4c by concrete. Thus, in this wall body section 4c, the reinforcing bars 7a and 7b, the H-shaped steel 6, and the multiple stirrups R are embedded inside the wall body section 4c by concrete, so the wall body section 4c becomes an SRC structure, and its strength is further improved.

[0088] Furthermore, in the wall head 4a and wall base 4b, the reinforcing bars 7a and 7b, the H-shaped steel 6, and the stirrups 10, 11, and 12 are embedded in concrete inside the wall head 4a and wall base 4b, so the wall head 4a and wall base 4b have an SRC structure. Therefore, by making the main wall section 4c an SRC structure, the entire retaining wall 1 becomes an SRC structure, further improving the strength of the retaining wall 1. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 16, it is more preferable to provide both the reinforcing plate PL and the reinforcing stirrups R in order to increase the strength of the H-shaped steel 6.

[0089] (Third embodiment) A third embodiment of the retaining wall according to the present invention will be described below with reference to Figures 17 and 18. Note that the figures show one embodiment of the retaining wall structure, and the spacing and number of reinforcing bars can be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0090] The retaining wall of this third embodiment has the same basic configuration as the second embodiment, but differs in that, while in the second embodiment the reinforcing stirrups R that reinforce the H-shaped steel 6 are provided so as to surround the H-shaped steel 6 itself, in this third embodiment the reinforcing stirrups R that reinforce the H-shaped steel 6 are provided so as to surround the vertical reinforcing bars 7b and the H-shaped steel 6.

[0091] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 17 and 18, the reinforcing stirrups R are provided vertically so as to surround the H-shaped steel 6 and the longitudinal reinforcing bars 7b. If there are no longitudinal reinforcing bars 7b, the reinforcing stirrups R are provided so as to surround the H-shaped steel 6.

[0092] Furthermore, the reinforcing stirrups R are tied to the H-shaped steel 6 and the longitudinal reinforcing bars 7b. If necessary, the reinforcing stirrups R and the H-shaped steel 6 may be welded together. Furthermore, multiple reinforcing stirrups R are provided in the vertical direction of the H-shaped steel 6, and the H-shaped steel 6 and the multiple stirrups R are embedded inside the wall member 4 by concrete C.

[0093] Thus, in this wall member 4, the reinforcing bars 7a and 7b, the H-shaped steel 6, and the multiple stirrups R are embedded inside the wall member 4 by concrete, so the wall member 4 becomes an SRC structure, and its strength is further improved. In particular, the reinforcing stirrups R are wrapped around the H-shaped steel 6 and tied to the longitudinal reinforcing bars 7b, which further reinforces the H-shaped steel 6 and increases its strength. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 16, it is more preferable to provide both the reinforcing plate PL and the reinforcing stirrups R in order to increase the strength of the H-shaped steel 6.

[0094] (Fourth embodiment) A fourth embodiment of the retaining wall according to the present invention will be described below with reference to Figures 19 to 22. Note that the figures show one embodiment of the retaining wall structure, and the spacing and number of reinforcing bars can be changed as appropriate. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0095] The retaining wall of this fourth embodiment has the same basic configuration as the third embodiment, but the fourth embodiment is characterized in that, in addition to the third embodiment, connecting members 17 are provided to connect the H-shaped steel beams 6 to each other.

[0096] (Connecting member) As shown in Figures 19, 20, and 21, the retaining wall 1 is provided with a wall head 4a and a wall base 4b, similar to the third embodiment. As shown in Figure 20, this fourth embodiment is characterized by the provision of a connecting member 17 at the upper end of the wall head 4a, which connects the H-shaped steel beams 6 that constitute the support piles to each other. The connecting member 17 may also be provided at the wall base 4b, as shown in Figure 21. Although not shown, the connecting member 17 may also be provided between the wall head 4a and the wall base 4b.

[0097] This connecting member 17 is provided to prevent the H-shaped steel beam 6 from tilting. That is, the H-shaped steel beam 6 is lifted by construction machinery, moved to the top of the excavation hole, and erected inside the excavation hole. The H-shaped steel beam 6 is then fixed inside the excavation hole with cement grout or ready-mix concrete. At this time, if even one of the multiple H-shaped steel beams 6 tilts, it becomes difficult to form the wall head 4a, wall base 4b, and wall body 4c. To prevent this from happening, a connecting member 17 is provided.

[0098] As described above, the connecting member 17 is positioned at the top of the wall, extends laterally from the main wall section 4c, and is fixed to the upper ends of the multiple H-shaped steel beams 6. Preferably, the connecting member 17 connects the H-shaped steel beams 6 by fixing means such as welding, and by connecting the two, the strength of the wall member can be improved. Furthermore, if the connecting member 17 is also provided on the wall base 4b, as shown in Figures 19 and 21, or if it is provided between the wall head 4a and the wall base 4b (not shown), the strength of the wall member can be similarly improved.

[0099] The connecting member 17 only needs to prevent the H-shaped steel 6 from tilting and is not particularly limited in type. For example, the connecting member 8 can be an H-shaped steel, an I-shaped steel, a T-shaped steel, an angle steel (isosedge angle steel), a channel steel, or other steel material conforming to JIS standards. The fixing is done by welding the connecting member 17 to the H-shaped steel 6 or by bolting.

[0100] In this way, by connecting the H-shaped steel beams 6 with the connecting members 17, the tilting of the H-shaped steel beams 6 is suppressed, and the wall head portion 4a, wall base portion 4b, and wall body portion 4c can be formed with high precision. In particular, the wall head 4a and wall base 4b are SRC structures in which the connecting member 17, reinforcing bars 7a and 7b, and H-shaped steel 6 are embedded in concrete, which further improves strength and more effectively suppresses distortion and damage to the wall member 4.

[0101] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 22, the wall member 4 may be formed in a T-shape in plan view, so that the wall member 4B supports the wall member 4A. In this case, it is preferable to weld one end of the connecting member 17 of wall member 4B to the connecting member 17 provided on wall member 4A, or to connect it using fastening means such as bolts, which can improve the strength of the wall members. In this way, by supporting wall member 4A with wall member 4B, the strength of the wall member is improved, and thus the tilting of wall member 4A can be prevented. [Explanation of symbols]

[0102] 1. Retaining wall 2 Support pile 3 Shape steel 3a Web 3b Flange 4 Wall components 4a wall head 4b Wall foot 4c Wall main body 5 Columnar part 6 H-shaped steel 7 Reinforcement bars 7a Horizontal reinforcement bars 7b Vertical reinforcement bars 10. First rib 11. Second rib 12. Third rib 15. First width-retaining muscle 16. Second width-retaining muscle 17 Connecting member PL reinforcement plate R Reinforcement Ribs

Claims

1. A retaining wall that receives the horizontal component of earth pressure through wall members, A plurality of support piles having a columnar section formed in the ground by cement grout or ready-mix concrete, and an H-shaped steel section whose lower part is positioned inside the columnar section and whose upper part is exposed from the columnar section, Multiple structural steel pieces fixed to an H-shaped steel piece, A transverse reinforcing bar is provided on the upper surface of the aforementioned structural steel and extends laterally, The H-shaped steel is provided with vertical reinforcing bars arranged along its axis and extending in the vertical direction, The structure comprises a wall member in which the aforementioned structural steel, the aforementioned transverse reinforcing bars, and the aforementioned longitudinal reinforcing bars are embedded inside with concrete. A retaining wall characterized in that a reinforcing member is provided on the H-shaped steel beam, straddling the lower surface of the wall member, to reinforce the H-shaped steel beam.

2. The reinforcing member is a plate-shaped steel reinforcing plate, The retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing plate is provided in a region extending from at least the upper part of the H-shaped steel positioned inside the columnar portion to the lower part of the H-shaped steel exposed from the columnar portion.

3. The retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that the reinforcing plate is provided from the lower end to the upper end of the H-shaped steel.

4. The retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing plates are provided on opposing surfaces of the web of the H-shaped steel.

5. The retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing plate is provided on the inner surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel or on the outer surface of the flange.

6. The retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing plate is provided on the inner surface and the outer surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel.

7. The reinforcing member is a reinforcing stirrup provided to surround the H-shaped steel, The retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing stirrups are formed in a region extending at least from the upper part of the H-shaped steel positioned inside the columnar portion to the lower part of the H-shaped steel exposed from the columnar portion.

8. The retaining wall according to claim 7, characterized in that the reinforcing stirrups are formed from the lower end to the upper end of the H-shaped steel.

9. The reinforcing member comprises reinforcing stirrups provided to surround the H-shaped steel, and a reinforcing plate made of a plate-shaped steel plate as the reinforcing member. The retaining wall according to claim 7, characterized in that the reinforcing plate is formed in a region extending at least from the upper part of the H-shaped steel positioned inside the columnar portion to the lower part of the H-shaped steel exposed from the columnar portion.

10. The retaining wall according to claim 7, characterized in that the reinforcing member surrounds the H-shaped steel and also surrounds the reinforcing bars arranged in the vertical direction.

11. The retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that connecting members are provided for connecting the H-shaped steels constituting the support piles to one another.

12. Multiple structural steel sections are fixed to the outer and inner surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the sections corresponding to the wall members of the H-shaped steel, and also fixed to the outer surface between the upper and lower ends of the sections corresponding to the wall members of the H-shaped steel, The upper and lower ends of the portion of the H-shaped steel corresponding to the wall member are formed, and the H-shaped steel, the shaped steel, the horizontal reinforcement, and the vertical reinforcement are embedded inside with concrete, forming a wall head and a wall base, The wall member is formed integrally with the wall head and wall base, and comprises a wall body in which the H-shaped steel, the horizontal reinforcement, and the vertical reinforcement are embedded in concrete between the upper and lower ends of the portion corresponding to the H-shaped steel wall member, The retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that a reinforcing member is provided on the H-shaped steel beam that straddles the lower surface of the wall base of the wall member to reinforce the H-shaped steel beam.

Images