Construction machinery

Abstract

In construction machinery where steps are located inside the operator's cab, the present invention provides a construction machine that allows for wider steps while ensuring sufficient foot space for the operator. [Solution] The hydraulic excavator 1 comprises a traveling body 2, a rotating body 3 rotatably mounted on the upper part of the traveling body 2, and a driver's cab 8 provided on the rotating body 3. The driver's cab 8 includes a driver's seat 9, a floor mat 10 positioned in front of the driver's seat 9 inside the driver's cab 8, a step 11 positioned adjacent to the floor mat 10 inside the driver's cab 8 and lower than the floor mat 10, an entrance / exit door 12 provided on the side where the step 11 is located, and a door 13 that can open and close the entrance / exit door 12. In the hydraulic excavator 1, the driver's cab 8 is provided with a covering member 14 that leaves the area above the step 11 open when the door 13 is open, and covers the area above the step 11 when the door 13 is closed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction machine having steps for boarding and alighting in the cab arranged inside the cab.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a construction machine including a revolving body, a working device attached to the revolving body, a cab provided on the revolving body and having a door capable of opening and closing an entrance / exit, and steps provided at the entrance / exit of the cab to facilitate boarding and alighting to and from the cab. The floor of the cab includes a flat portion arranged on the front side of the driver's seat and a stepped portion continuously provided to the flat portion and arranged on the entrance / exit side. The stepped portion constitutes the steps. In a state where the door of the cab is closed, the steps are arranged inside the cab.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In a construction machine having steps arranged inside the cab as in the above prior art, when the steps are widened, the flat portion becomes narrow, and the operator's foot space becomes narrow. Therefore, there is a risk that the habitability of the operator sitting on the driver's seat may be impaired. On the other hand, when the flat portion is widened, the steps become narrow, and there is a risk that boarding and alighting to and from the cab may become difficult. Thus, in the above prior art, it was not possible to widen the steps while securing the operator's foot space.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a construction machine in which steps are located in the driver's cab, which can secure ample legroom for the operator seated in the driver's seat while also providing ample space for the steps. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a construction machine comprising a traveling body, a rotating body rotatably mounted on the upper part of the traveling body, and a driver's cab provided on the rotating body, wherein the driver's cab includes a driver's seat, a floor member positioned in front of the driver's seat inside the driver's cab, a step positioned adjacent to the floor member inside the driver's cab and lower than the floor member, an entrance / exit provided on the side where the step is located, and a door that can open and close the entrance / exit, wherein the driver's cab is provided with a covering member that leaves the area above the step open when the door is open and covers the area above the step when the door is closed. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, in a construction machine in which the steps are located inside the driver's cab, it is possible to secure ample legroom for the operator seated in the driver's seat while also ensuring ample space for the steps. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a side view showing an example of the overall structure of the hydraulic excavator according to this embodiment. [Figure 2] This is a perspective view showing an example of the internal configuration of the driver's cab with the door open, by cutting open the cab cover. [Figure 3] This is a perspective view showing an example of the internal configuration of the driver's cab when the door is in the process of closing, with the driver's cab cover broken open. [Figure 4] This is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the step and cover member when the door is in the process of closing. [Figure 5]This is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the step and cover member when the door is closed. [Figure 6] This is a perspective view showing an example of a modified configuration in which the covering member is rotatably connected to the door, with the covering member stored inside the door. [Figure 7] This is a perspective view showing an example of a modified version in which a spring is provided to bias the covering member, with the covering member stored inside the door. [Figure 8] This is a perspective view showing an example of a modified example in which a stopper capable of fixing the covering member is provided, and the covering member is fixed in a position that covers the step by the stopper. [Figure 9] This is a perspective view illustrating an example of a stopper structure. [Figure 10] This is a perspective view showing an example of a stopper groove. [Figure 11] This is a perspective view illustrating another example of a stopper structure. [Figure 12] This is a perspective view showing another example of a stopper groove. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0010] <Overall configuration of a hydraulic excavator> In this embodiment, a crawler-type hydraulic excavator is used as an example of construction machinery. In this embodiment, the horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction in which the vehicle 2 moves is defined as the left-right direction. Figure 1 is a side view showing an example of the overall structure of the hydraulic excavator in this embodiment.

[0011] As shown in Figure 1, the hydraulic excavator 1 comprises a crawler-type vehicle 2 that can move forward and backward, a slewing body 3 that is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the vehicle 2, and a working device 4 that is rotatably mounted on the slewing body 3. The working device 4 comprises a boom 41 that is rotatably mounted on the slewing body 3, an arm 42 that is rotatably mounted on the tip of the boom 41, a bucket 43 that is rotatably mounted on the tip of the arm 42, a boom cylinder 44 that operates the boom 41, an arm cylinder 45 that operates the arm 42, and a bucket cylinder 46 that operates the bucket 43.

[0012] The slewing body 3 consists of a slewing frame 5, a building cover 6, a counterweight 7, and a driver's cab 8. The slewing frame 5 is the base of the slewing body 3 and is a support structure that extends in the front, rear, left, and right directions of the vehicle body by joining multiple steel plates and steel materials. The working device 4 is mounted on the front of the slewing frame 5 so as to be able to move up and down. The building cover 6 is located behind the driver's cab 8 and is a cover that covers the engine, hydraulic pump, etc. (not shown) mounted on the slewing frame 5. The counterweight 7 is installed at the rear of the slewing frame 5 and acts as a weight to balance the weight with the working device 4. The driver's cab 8 is mounted on the front left side of the slewing frame 5.

[0013] The rotating body 3 has a counterweight 7, formed in an arc shape, positioned close to the center of rotation. As a result, the hydraulic excavator 1 is configured as a compact-rotation hydraulic excavator.

[0014] <Structure of the step and covering member> Next, the configuration of the step and the covering member provided inside the driver's cab 8 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the internal configuration of the driver's cab 8 with the door open, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of the internal configuration of the driver's cab 8 with the door being closed, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the step and the covering member with the door being closed, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the step and the covering member with the door closed. Note that FIGS. 2 and 3 show the internal configuration by breaking a part of the driver's cab cover 81 that covers the driver's cab 8.

[0015] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the driver's cab 8 includes a driver's seat 9, a floor mat 10 that constitutes a floor member disposed in front of the driver's seat 9 inside the driver's cab 8, a step 11 that is adjacent to the floor mat 10 inside the driver's cab 8 and is disposed at a position lower than the upper surface 10a of the floor mat 10, an entrance 12 provided on the side surface on the side where the step 11 is disposed, a door 13 that can open and close the entrance 12, a covering member 14 that opens the upper part of the step 11 when the door 13 is open and covers the upper part of the step 11 when the door 13 is closed, and a traveling lever and pedal device 15 disposed in front of the floor mat 10 inside the driver's cab 8. Here, the floor member is composed of an iron floor plate that is a structure constituting the driver's cab 8 and the floor mat 10 laid on the floor plate. The floor mat 10 is made of, for example, a resin material or a rubber material having elasticity. The floor mat 10 is formed in substantially the same shape as the portion between the driver's seat 9 and the traveling lever and pedal device 15 of the floor plate, and is laid so as to cover the upper part of the floor plate between the driver's seat 9 and the traveling lever and pedal device 15.

[0016] The driver's seat 9 is a seat on which the operator sits. The operator sits on the driver's seat 9 and operates the hydraulic excavator 1 using the travel lever and pedal device 15. The floor mat 10 that constitutes the floor member is disposed between the driver's seat 9 and the travel lever and pedal device 15 on the front side of the driver's seat 9, and is formed, for example, in a substantially fan shape whose width in the left - right direction expands toward the front. The operator, for example, places one foot on the upper surface 10a of the floor mat 10 and operates the travel lever and pedal device 15 with the other foot, or places both feet on the upper surface 10a of the floor mat 10 and operates a work - device operation lever (not shown) for causing the work device 4 to perform a pitching motion with both arms. The step 11 is adjacent to the left side of the floor mat 10, and constitutes a staircase by being disposed at a position lower than the upper surface 10a of the floor mat 10. The step 11 is disposed between the floor mat 10 and the door 13 in a closed state, and is formed, for example, in a substantially triangular shape.

[0017] The boarding and alighting opening 12 is an opening provided on the left side surface of the cab cover 81, and is opened and closed by the door 13. The step 11 is disposed so as to connect to the lower end of the boarding and alighting opening 12. The operator opens the boarding and alighting opening 12 by opening the door 13, and boards and alights from the cab 8 using the running body 2 and the step 11. When the operator boards the cab 8 and operates the hydraulic excavator 1, the operator closes the door 13.

[0018] The covering member 14 is installed on the inside of the door 13. The covering member 14 is a plate-shaped member formed to be approximately the same size and shape as the step 11. The covering member 14 is composed of a core material, such as a metal plate, and a covering material, such as rubber or resin, that covers the periphery of the core material. The covering material may be made of the same material as the floorboard. As shown in Figure 2, the covering member 14 is fixed and installed so as to protrude horizontally from the inside surface of the door 13. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the covering member 14 moves to gradually cover the top of the step 11 as the door 13 closes. As shown in Figure 5, when the door 13 is closed, the covering member 14 covers the entire step 11. The upper surface 14a of the covering member 14 is positioned at the same height as the upper surface 10a of the floor mat 10, which constitutes the floor member, when the step 11 is covered. In other words, the upper surface 14a of the covering member 14 and the upper surface 10a of the floor mat 10 are configured to be approximately flush when the step 11 is covered. As a result, the floor mat 10 and the covering member 14 are almost flat. Also, since the covering member 14 and the step 11 are approximately the same size and shape, the covering member 14 is adjacent to the floor mat 10 with almost no gap. Therefore, the operator can place their feet on both the floor mat 10 and the covering member 14 without any discomfort. Furthermore, the core material of the covering member 14 is made of metal to ensure strength, and the covering material prevents slipping when the operator places their feet on it.

[0019] In this embodiment, the upper surface 14a of the covering member 14 is positioned at the same height as the upper surface 10a of the floor mat 10, which is laid to cover the upper part of the floorboard, while covering the step 11. However, it is not limited to this. For example, if the floor mat 10 is not laid on the floorboard of the driver's cab 8, the upper surface 14a of the covering member 14 may be positioned at the same height as the upper surface of the floorboard while covering the step 11. This makes the upper surface of the floorboard, which is the upper surface of the floor member, and the upper surface 14a of the covering member 14 substantially flat.

[0020] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, a glass panel 16 is provided at the bottom of the door 13 for the operator to visually inspect the lower left of the driver's cab 8. The covering member 14 is fixed to the inside of the door 13 below the glass panel 16 and extends horizontally, so it does not cover the glass panel 16. This ensures that the operator's field of view is maintained.

[0021] <Effects of the Embodiment> As described above, in the hydraulic excavator 1 of this embodiment, the door 13 is opened when the operator gets in and out of the cab 8, and the operator uses the step 11 to get in and out of the cab 8. When the operator gets in the cab 8 and operates the hydraulic excavator 1, the door 13 of the cab 8 is closed. At this time, with the door 13 closed, the cover member 14 covers the top of the step 11. This ensures that there is enough space for the operator to place their feet when operating the excavator. Also, because the top of the step 11 is covered by the cover member 14, the dimensions of the step 11 are not restricted in order to ensure enough space for the feet, and the dimensions of the step 11 can be made larger. Therefore, it is possible to ensure ample space for the operator to sit in the driver's seat 9 while also ensuring ample space for the step 11. As a result, it is possible to easily get in and out of the cab 8 without compromising the operator's comfort.

[0022] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the upper surface 14a of the covering member 14 is positioned at the same height as the upper surface 10a of the floor mat 10 when it covers the step 11. This prevents a step from being created when the covering member 14 covers the step 11. Therefore, it is possible to prevent causing discomfort to the operator.

[0023] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the covering member 14 is installed on the door 13. This allows the covering member 14 to be configured so that it does not cover the step 11 when the door 13 is open, but covers the step 11 when the door 13 is closed. In other words, the operation of the covering member 14 to cover the step 11 can be linked to the opening and closing operation of the door 13. Therefore, convenience can be improved.

[0024] <Variation> It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible without departing from its spirit and technical concept.

[0025] In the above embodiment, the covering member 14 is fixedly installed on the inside of the door 13, but the covering member 14 may also be rotatably connected to the inside of the door 13. Figure 6 shows an example of the connection structure of the covering member 14 in this modified example.

[0026] As shown in Figure 6, the cover member 14 is rotatably connected to the door 13 via a hinge 17. The hinge 17 includes a support member 171 fixed to the door-side end of the cover member 14, a pair of bearing members 172 located at both ends of the support member 171 and fixed to the inside of the door 13, and a pivot shaft (not shown) supported at both ends by the pair of bearing members 172 and inserted through the support member 171. The bearing members 172 are fixed to the inside of the door 13, for example, by welding or bolts. The hinge 17 rotates the cover member 14 between a substantially horizontal position and a substantially vertical position. The substantially vertical position is the position in which the cover member 14 is substantially parallel to the door 13, as shown in Figure 6.

[0027] As a result, when the cover member 14 is not in use, the operator can rotate the cover member 14 approximately 90 degrees from a substantially horizontal position to a substantially vertical position, as shown in Figure 6, and store it in a flipped-up state. Therefore, storage space for the cover member 14 can be saved. Furthermore, when the cover member 14 is in use, the operator can cover the step 11 by rotating the cover member 14 approximately 90 degrees from a substantially vertical position to a substantially horizontal position with the door 13 closed.

[0028] Furthermore, the cover member 14 has a chamfered portion 141 formed on the lower corner when it is in a nearly horizontal position. This prevents the cover member 14 from catching on the floor mat 10 or the like when it is rotated, allowing for smoother operation and improving operability. In addition, it prevents the sharp corners of the cover member 14 from coming into contact with the operator, thus improving safety.

[0029] Furthermore, while the cover member 14 partially obstructs the glass 16 when stored in a nearly vertical position, it does not obstruct the glass 16 when it covers the step 11, thus ensuring the operator's field of view during operation. In addition, as mentioned above, the cover member 14 has a metal core covered with a covering material such as rubber or resin, which prevents damage to the glass 16 when stored.

[0030] Furthermore, a spring may be provided to bias the cover member 14 around the pivot axis of the hinge 17. Figure 7 shows an example of the connecting structure of the cover member 14 in this modified example.

[0031] As shown in Figure 7, the hinge 17 of this modified example is provided with a pair of springs 18. The springs 18 are located, for example, on both sides of the support member 171 of the hinge 17. The springs 18 bias the cover member 14 around the pivot axis of the hinge 17 so that the end 142 of the cover member 14 opposite to the door 13 moves upward.

[0032] As a result, when the cover member 14 is not in use, it can be automatically rotated and stored so that it is close to the door 13. Therefore, the operator does not have to manually rotate and store the cover member 14. In addition, since the cover member 14 is automatically stored when the door 13 is open, it is possible to prevent the operator's foot from being caught between the cover member 14 and the step 11 or the floor board that makes up the floor when the door 13 is closed.

[0033] Furthermore, if a spring 18 is provided, the operator will need to hold down the cover member 14 with their foot during operation as the spring 18 attempts to return it to its stored position. For this reason, a stopper capable of fixing the cover member 14 may be provided. Figures 8 to 12 show an example of the stopper structure in this modified example. Note that the door 13 is not shown in Figure 8.

[0034] As shown in Figure 8, in this modified example, a stopper 19 is installed on the floor mat 10 that constitutes the floor member, which can fix the covering member 14 in a position that covers the step 11 against the biasing force of the spring 18. As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the stopper 19 has a groove 191 formed in the floor mat 10 and a stopper body 192 that slides along the groove 191. As shown in Figure 10, the groove 191 is formed as a notch that extends to the end of the floor mat 10. As shown in Figure 9, the stopper body 192 has a fitting portion 192a that fits into the groove 191 and an operating portion 192b that is operated by an operator. As shown in Figure 8, the covering member 14 can be fixed by the stopper body 192 protruding from the floor mat 10 toward the covering member 14. Also, as shown in Figure 9, the fixing of the covering member 14 can be released by the stopper body 192 being pulled into the floor mat 10.

[0035] Figures 11 and 12 show another example of the structure of the stopper 19. As shown in Figures 11 and 12, the stopper 19 has a groove 193 formed in the floor mat 10 and a stopper body 194 that slides along the groove 193. As shown in Figure 12, the groove 193 is formed as a hole that does not reach the edge of the floor mat 10. As shown in Figure 11, the stopper body 194 has a fitting portion 194a that fits into the groove 193 and an operating portion 194b that is operated by an operator. The cover member 14 can be fixed by the stopper body 194 protruding from the floor mat 10 toward the cover member 14. The cover member 14 can be released by the stopper body 194 being pulled into the floor mat 10.

[0036] This allows the operator to use the stopper 19 to fix the cover member 14 in a position that covers the step 11. Therefore, the operator no longer needs to hold down the cover member 14 with their foot as it tries to return to its stored position due to the spring 18, allowing for comfortable operation. In addition, by releasing the stopper 19, the operator can rotate the cover member 14 with the biasing force of the spring 18 and store it so that it is close to the door 13.

[0037] Furthermore, in the above configuration, the covering member 14 is formed to be approximately the same size and shape as the step 11, and the covering member 14 is configured to cover the entire step 11. However, the covering member 14 may be configured to cover only a part of the step 11. For example, the covering member 14 may be configured to cover only a part of the front of the step 11, such as the area near the travel lever / pedal device 15 where the operator places their feet.

[0038] Furthermore, although the present invention has been described above using the example of its application to a small-swing type hydraulic excavator 1, the scope of application of the present invention is not limited to this. It may also be applied to small, medium, or large hydraulic excavators other than the small-swing type, as long as there are steps for entering and exiting the operator's cab located inside the operator's cab. In addition, although the crawler-type hydraulic excavator 1 was used as an example of construction machinery in the description, it can be broadly applied to other construction machinery such as hydraulic cranes and wheel loaders, which have steps for entering and exiting the operator's cab located inside the operator's cab.

[0039] In addition to what has already been described above, the methods described in the above embodiments and their respective modifications may be used in appropriate combinations.

[0040] Furthermore, although not to be exemplified individually, the present invention may be implemented with various modifications without departing from its spirit.

[0041] Furthermore, the problems that the invention aims to solve and the effects of the invention are not limited to those described above. In other words, the present invention may solve problems not mentioned above, produce effects not mentioned above, solve only some of the problems described, or produce only some of the effects described. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0042] 1. Hydraulic excavator (an example of construction machinery) 2. Running body 3. Rotating body 4. Working equipment 5. Swivel Frame 8. Driver's cab 9. Driver's seat 10 Floor mats (floor components) 10a Top surface of floor mat (top surface of floor material) 11 steps 12 entrances / exits 13 doors 14 Covering member 14a Upper surface of the covering member 15. Driving lever / pedal device 16 Glass 17 Hinge 18 Springs 19 Stopper 142 End

Claims

1. The vehicle and A rotating body is provided on the upper part of the aforementioned traveling body so as to be rotatable, The rotating body comprises a driver's cab, The aforementioned driver's cab is, The driver's seat and, A floor member located in front of the driver's seat inside the driver's cab, A step located inside the driver's cab, adjacent to the floor member and positioned lower than the floor member, An entrance / exit is provided on the side where the aforementioned step is located, The aforementioned entrance / exit door has an opening and closing door, In a construction machine having, The driver's cab is provided with a covering member that leaves the area above the step open when the door is open, and covers the area above the step when the door is closed. A construction machine characterized by the following features.

2. In the construction machine described in claim 1, The upper surface of the covering member is positioned at the same height as the upper surface of the floor member when it is covering the step. A construction machine characterized by the following features.

3. In the construction machine described in claim 2, The covering member is installed on the door. A construction machine characterized by the following features.

4. In the construction machine described in claim 3, A hinge that rotatably connects the covering member to the door, The covering member comprises a spring that biases the end of the covering member opposite to the door to move upward. A construction machine characterized by the following features.

5. In the construction machine described in claim 4, The floor member is equipped with a stopper capable of fixing the covering member in a position that covers the step against the biasing force of the spring. A construction machine characterized by the following features.

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