Rubber composition for structures, method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of structures, method for repairing and reinforcing the interior of structures, method for cleaning the surface of structures, and method for sealing the surface of structures.

Abstract

This invention provides a structural rubber composition with excellent water resistance that can be used for various applications in structures, as well as methods for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure, repairing and reinforcing the interior of a structure, cleaning the surface of a structure, and sealing the surface of a structure using the structural rubber composition. [Solution] The rubber composition for structures contains rubber components, has a pH of 6.0 or higher, and is in liquid form.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a rubber composition for a structure, a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure, a method for repairing and reinforcing the inside of a structure, a method for cleaning the surface of a structure, and a method for sealing the surface of a structure.

Background Art

[0002] As a method for cleaning a dirty wall surface of a structure, a so-called pack cleaning method has been conventionally known. The pack cleaning method is to apply a film-forming composition containing a film-forming polymer to a dirty wall surface of a structure and peel off the film formed by drying the coating film from the wall surface. According to this method, the dirt on the structure wall surface can adhere to the peeled film side.

[0003] In the above pack cleaning method, it was sometimes difficult to peel off the film formed on the wall surface. However, Patent Document 1 describes a technique for forming a film that is easy to peel off in the pack cleaning method.

[0004] If the composition described in Patent Document 1 is used by the method described in Patent Document 1, the dirt on the structure wall surface can be easily removed. However, since polyvinyl alcohol is used in the composition described in Patent Document 1, the water resistance of the film is not sufficient. Therefore, when using this composition outdoors, it is necessary to take precautions such as not wetting the formed film with water. In addition, there is also a problem that a film containing polyvinyl alcohol as a main component is easily torn during peeling.

[0005] In addition, the requirement for water resistance of formed products such as films formed by compositions is often found not only in the above applications for structures but also in other applications for structures.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006] [[ID=3�]]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a structural rubber composition that has excellent water resistance and can be used for various applications in structures, as well as a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure, a method for repairing and reinforcing the interior of a structure, a method for cleaning the surface of a structure, and a method for sealing the surface of a structure using the structural rubber composition. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] [1] A rubber composition for structural use that contains rubber components, has a pH of 6.0 or higher, and is in liquid form. [2] The rubber composition for structures according to [1] above, wherein the rubber component is one or more selected from the group consisting of natural rubber latex, isoprene rubber latex, chloroprene rubber latex, and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber. [3] The structural rubber composition according to [1] or [2] above, further comprising at least one surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant. [4] A rubber composition for structures according to any one of [1] to [3] above, further comprising short fibers. [5] A structural rubber composition according to any one of [1] to [4] above, used for repairing or reinforcing the surface of a structure. [6] A structural rubber composition according to any one of [1] to [4] above, used for repairing or reinforcing the interior of a structure. [7] A structural rubber composition according to any one of [1] to [4] above, used for cleaning the surface of a structure. [8] A structural rubber composition according to any one of [1] to [4] above, used for sealing the surface of a structure. [9] A method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure, comprising: a laminated film forming step of applying a rubber composition for structures described in any one of [1] to [4] above to the surface of a structure to form a first coating film; attaching a fibrous reinforcing member to the surface of the first coating film; applying the rubber composition for structures to the surface of the fibrous reinforcing member to form a second coating film; and drying the first and second coating films to form a laminated film; a drilling step of drilling through the laminated film to form a bottomed hole on the surface of the structure covered by the laminated film; an injection step of injecting a filler into the bottomed hole; a pin fixing step of inserting and fixing a pin into the bottomed hole filled with the filler; and a peeling step of peeling the laminated film from the surface of the structure.

[10] A drilling step of drilling holes to form a bottomed hole on the surface of a structure; a laminated film forming step of applying a rubber composition for structures described in any one of [1] to [4] above to the surface of the structure to cover the opening of the bottomed hole to form a first coating film, attaching a fibrous reinforcing member to the surface of the first coating film, applying the rubber composition for structures to the surface of the fibrous reinforcing member to form a second coating film, drying the first coating film and the second coating film to form a laminated film; applying the rubber composition for structures to the surface of the laminated film to form a coating film, and drying the coating film to form a film A method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure, comprising: a film formation step; a hole formation step of forming through-holes for injecting a filler into the bottomed holes and through-holes for discharging gas from the bottomed holes to the outside of the structure in the coating and the laminated film, respectively; an injection step of injecting the filler into the bottomed holes from the through-holes for injecting the filler while discharging gas from the bottomed holes from the through-holes for discharging gas; a pin fixing step of inserting and fixing pins into the bottomed holes filled with the filler; and a peeling step of peeling the laminated film from the surface of the structure.

[11] A method for repairing and reinforcing the interior of a structure, comprising an injection step of injecting a structural rubber composition described in any one of [1] to [4] above into the interior of the structure.

[12] A method for cleaning the surface of a structure, comprising: a film forming step of applying a rubber composition for structures described in any one of [1] to [4] above to the surface of a structure to form a coating film, and drying the coating film to form a protective film; and a peeling step of peeling the protective film off the surface of the structure.

[13] A method for sealing the surface of a structure, comprising a film-forming step of applying a rubber composition for structures described in any one of [1] to [4] above to the surface of a structure to form a coating film, and drying the coating film to form a protective film. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a structural rubber composition that has excellent water resistance and can be used for various applications to structures, as well as a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure, a method for repairing and reinforcing the interior of a structure, a method for cleaning the surface of a structure, and a method for sealing the surface of a structure using the structural rubber composition. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a laminated film formation process in an example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a drilling process in an example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to an embodiment. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an injection process in an example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a pin fixing process in an example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to an embodiment. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a peeling process in an example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a drilling process in another example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 7]FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a laminated film forming step in another example of the method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a film forming step in another example of the method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a hole forming step in another example of the method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an injection step in another example of the method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a pin fixing step in another example of the method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a peeling step in another example of the method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the method for repairing and reinforcing the inside of a structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the cleaning method for the surface of a structure according to the embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a digital camera photograph of a film formed from the rubber composition manufactured in Example 1.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0011] Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given based on the embodiment.

[0012] As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that a rubber composition for a structure containing a rubber component and having predetermined properties is excellent in water resistance and can be used for various applications to a structure, and have completed the present invention based on such findings.

[0013] The rubber composition for a structure of the present invention (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a rubber composition) contains a rubber component, has a pH of 6.0 or more, and is liquid. <00, has a pH of 6.0 or more, and is liquid.

[0014] The rubber composition for structures of the present invention contains a rubber component. The rubber component may be natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or a crosslinked rubber component. The timing of the crosslinking is not particularly limited. Common crosslinking agents and crosslinking aids can be used.

[0015] Natural rubber can be obtained by extracting natural rubber latex from rubber trees, such as the Para rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), and processing it into sheets, blocks, or powders. Such rubber can be smoked and dried, or dried without smoking. The main component of natural rubber is cis-1,4-polyisoprene.

[0016] The molecular weight of natural rubber is preferably distributed within the range of 10,000 to 2,000,000.

[0017] If the rubber component is natural rubber, it is preferable compared to synthetic rubber because the coating is less likely to tear when peeled off in the various applications of the structural rubber composition described later. In particular, it is preferable that the rubber component contains natural rubber latex, which includes natural rubber.

[0018] Natural rubber latex may contain ammonia, which can cause odor problems from the coating. However, these problems can be easily resolved by incorporating acidic components such as citric acid or formic acid into the natural rubber latex or rubber composition.

[0019] Furthermore, natural rubber is preferable because it is a plant-derived material, meaning it does not use petroleum resources and is biodegradable.

[0020] Examples of synthetic rubbers include diene-based polymer rubbers, olefin-based polymer rubbers, acrylic rubbers, silicone rubbers, and fluororubbers. These synthetic rubbers may be used individually or in combination.

[0021] In particular, the rubber component contained in the rubber composition is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of natural rubber latex (NR), isoprene rubber latex (IR), chloroprene rubber latex (CR), and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR).

[0022] The content of rubber components in the rubber composition is preferably 45% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less based on the total solid content. When the content of rubber components is 45% by mass or more, the water resistance is further improved. Also, when the content of rubber components is 80% by mass or less, it is easier to adjust the film quality of the coating with components other than rubber components. From this viewpoint, the content of rubber components is more preferably 50% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less, and even more preferably 51.2% by mass or more and 63.8% by mass or less.

[0023] Furthermore, the rubber composition is liquid, and its pH is 6.0 or higher. A pH of 6.0 or higher suppresses the coagulation of the rubber components within the rubber composition. From this viewpoint, the pH of the rubber composition is 6.0 or higher, preferably 8.0 or higher. Alternatively, for example, the pH of the rubber composition may be 9.0 or lower.

[0024] Furthermore, it is preferable that the rubber composition further contains at least one of a nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant. By including the above-mentioned surfactant in the rubber composition, the dispersibility of the rubber components and other components contained in the rubber composition can be improved. The amount of surfactant in the rubber composition is appropriately determined depending on the type of rubber component and the intended use of the rubber composition.

[0025] Furthermore, it is preferable that the rubber composition further contains short fibers. The inclusion of short fibers in the rubber composition reduces the elongation of the coating in the various applications of the rubber composition described later, allowing the entire coating to be easily peeled off without tearing. In addition, the inclusion of short fibers in the rubber composition allows a rubber coating with a predetermined thickness to be obtained with a single application of the rubber composition, thus reducing the number of applications of the rubber composition.

[0026] From the viewpoint of the above effects, it is preferable that the length of the short fibers (fiber length) be 0.5 mm or more. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of easily manufacturing short fibers, it is preferable that the length of the short fibers be 20.0 mm or less.

[0027] Furthermore, from the viewpoint of the above effects, it is preferable that the short fibers be one or more selected from the group consisting of wood pulp, cotton, acrylic, polyester, silk, hemp, plastic, glass fiber, and recycled paper. If the short fibers are recycled paper, the manufacturing cost can be further reduced. In particular, if the rubber component is natural rubber latex and recycled paper is included as the short fibers, the environmental impact can be further reduced because these materials are biodegradable.

[0028] Furthermore, the amount of short fibers in the rubber composition is determined appropriately depending on the type of rubber component and the intended use of the rubber composition.

[0029] Such rubber compositions are liquid, and may be made liquid with components other than water, but it is preferable that they be made liquid with water. Because the dispersion medium of the rubber composition is water, when the rubber composition applied to a structure dries, it is water that evaporates rather than organic solvents, which is preferable in terms of worker health and the environment.

[0030] The content of the dispersion medium in the rubber composition is not particularly limited, but increasing the content of the dispersion medium reduces the viscosity of the rubber composition. Also, increasing the content of the dispersion medium reduces the solid content in the rubber composition. Therefore, the content of the dispersion medium should be set appropriately while considering the desired viscosity and solid content.

[0031] Furthermore, the rubber composition may contain other components besides the essential rubber component and the optional component mentioned above, to the extent that it does not impair the effects of the present invention.

[0032] Furthermore, due to concerns about reduced water resistance and mechanical strength in the coatings and other structures formed by the rubber composition, it is preferable that the rubber composition substantially does not contain polyvinyl alcohol.

[0033] Furthermore, the method for producing the rubber composition is not particularly limited; for example, the rubber composition can be produced by mixing the raw materials of the necessary components. During mixing, ultrasonic treatment, stirring, kneading, etc., may be performed as needed. For stirring and kneading, stirring or kneading devices such as homogenizers, spiral mixers, planetary mixers, dispersers, and hybrid mixers may be used.

[0034] Furthermore, raw materials in aqueous solution form, such as an aqueous solution of rubber components, may also be used. In particular, in the present invention, it is preferable to use natural rubber latex containing natural rubber as the aqueous solution of rubber components.

[0035] Such rubber compositions are used in a variety of applications for structures due to their excellent water resistance. In particular, they are preferably used for repairing or reinforcing the surface of structures, for repairing or reinforcing the interior of structures, for cleaning the surface of structures, and for sealing the surface of structures. When repairing or reinforcing the surface of a structure, the interior of the structure near the surface should also be repaired or reinforced.

[0036] Rubber compositions can be applied to a variety of structures. The material of the structure is not particularly limited; for example, rubber compositions can be applied to the surface of structures finished with glass, synthetic resin, metals such as aluminum, tiles, pottery, stone tools, ceramics, porcelain, wood, concrete, paper, rubber, fibers, stone, soil, plaster, paint, etc.

[0037] Furthermore, the inclusion of rubber components in the rubber composition imparts water resistance to the resulting coating. Therefore, the rubber composition can be suitably applied to the surfaces of outdoor structures. Examples of outdoor structures include buildings, bridge piers, tunnel interiors, guardrails, and utility poles.

[0038] Next, the method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to the present invention will be described.

[0039] An example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure according to the present invention includes a laminated film formation step, a drilling step, an injection step, a pin fixing step, and a peeling step.

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a laminated film formation process in an example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure. In the laminated film formation process in this example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure, the rubber composition is applied to the surface 1a of the structure 1 to form a first coating film, a fibrous reinforcing member 2b is attached to the surface of the first coating film, the rubber composition is applied to the surface of the fibrous reinforcing member 2b to form a second coating film, and the first and second coating films are dried to form a laminated film 2.

[0041] The first coating 2a is formed by drying the first coating, and the second coating 2c is formed by drying the second coating. The laminated film 2 is constructed by laminating the first coating 2a, the fibrous reinforcing member 2b, and the second coating 2c from the surface 1a side of the structure 1. The drying method for the first and second coatings of the rubber composition is not particularly limited and may be dried in a drying oven or left to dry for a certain period of time.

[0042] The fibrous reinforcing member 2b is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of nonwoven fabric, gauze, plastic net, and glass fiber mat.

[0043] By interposing a fibrous reinforcing member 2b, rather than just the first film 2a (second film 2c) obtained by drying the rubber composition coating, and by creating a laminated film 2 in which the first film 2a, the fibrous reinforcing member 2b, and the second film 2c are laminated, the laminated film 2 can be easily peeled off in the subsequent peeling process. Furthermore, by interposing the fibrous reinforcing member 2b, the amount of rubber composition used can be reduced. The size of the laminated film 2 is larger than the diameter of the bottomed hole 3 formed in the subsequent drilling process.

[0044] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a drilling process in an example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure. In the drilling process, which is performed after the laminated film formation process, drilling is performed to penetrate the laminated film 2 and form a bottomed hole 3 in the surface 1a of the structure 1 that is covered by the laminated film 2. The drilling process is performed, for example, using a drill. The laminated film 2 functions as a reinforcing material during drilling. If there is drilling dust in the bottomed hole 3, it is removed from the bottomed hole 3 using air or the like.

[0045] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an injection process in an example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure. In the injection process, which is performed after the drilling process, a filler material 4 is injected into the bottomed hole 3 formed in the drilling process. By applying internal pressure during injection, the filler material 4 injected into the bottomed hole 3 can also fill microcracks (not shown) that communicate with the inner surface of the bottomed hole 3.

[0046] The laminated film 2 provided on the surface 1a of the structure 1 prevents the filler material 4 injected into the bottomed hole 3 from leaking out of the structure 1 through microcracks or the like. The filler material 4 is preferably epoxy resin or cement. In addition to functioning as a reinforcing material during drilling as described above, the laminated film 2 also functions as a curing material for the injection of the filler material 4.

[0047] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a pin fixing process in an example of a repair and reinforcement method for the surface of a structure. In the pin fixing process, which is performed after the injection process, a pin 5 is inserted and fixed into a bottomed hole 3 filled with filler material 4. The diameter of the pin 5 is, for example, about 4 mm to 6 mm. When the pin 5 is inserted, the filler material 4 has not hardened, and the filler material 4 hardens after a predetermined time has elapsed since the insertion of the pin 5. The pin 5 is fixed inside the bottomed hole 3 by the hardened filler material 4. The pin 5 is, for example, an anchor pin.

[0048] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a peeling step in an example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure. In the peeling step, which is performed after the pin fixing step, the laminated film 2 is peeled off from the surface 1a of the structure 1. Even after peeling the laminated film 2 off the structure 1, the hardened filler material 4 remains filled in the bottomed holes 3, and the pins 5 remain fixed to the hardened filler material 4.

[0049] In this way, the pin 5 is fixed by the hardened filler material 4 that fills the bottomed hole 3, and furthermore, the hardened filler material 4 fills the bottomed hole 3 and microcracks (not shown). In this manner, the surface 1a of the structure 1 can be repaired or reinforced. This repair and reinforcement method is suitably applicable to pinning methods for building exterior walls.

[0050] Furthermore, other examples of the structural surface repair and reinforcement method of the present invention include a drilling step, a laminated film formation step, a film formation step, a hole formation step, an injection step, a pin fixing step, and a peeling step.

[0051] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a drilling process in another example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure. In the drilling process in this example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure, a hole 3 is drilled into the surface 1a of the structure 1. The drilling process is carried out, for example, using a drill. If there is drilling dust in the hole 3, it is removed from the hole 3 using air or the like.

[0052] The bottomed hole 3 is preferably inclined with a gradient α with respect to the horizontal direction. In this case, the bottom of the bottomed hole 3 is lower than the opening of the bottomed hole 3. The gradient α is preferably 5% to 10%. Furthermore, since the end of the pin 5 inserted into the bottomed hole 3 in the subsequent pin fixing process is provided with a cap or fixing body wider than the diameter of the central part of the pin 5, the diameter of the bottomed hole 3 is set according to the end diameter of the pin 5.

[0053] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a laminated film formation process in another example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure. In the laminated film formation process, which is performed after the drilling process, the rubber composition is applied to the surface 1a of the structure 1 to cover the opening of the bottomed hole 3 to form a first coating film, a fibrous reinforcing member 2b is attached to the surface of the first coating film, the rubber composition is applied to the surface of the fibrous reinforcing member 2b to form a second coating film, and the first and second coating films are dried to form a laminated film 2. In this way, a laminated film 2 is provided on the surface 1a of the structure 1 so as to cover the opening of the bottomed hole 3.

[0054] The drying method for the first and second coatings of the rubber composition is not particularly limited; they may be dried in a drying oven or left to dry for a certain period of time.

[0055] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a film formation process in another example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure. In the film formation process, which is performed after the laminated film formation process, the rubber composition is applied to the surface of the laminated film 2 to form a coating film, and the coating film is dried to form a protective film 9. In this way, a protective film 9 is provided on the surface of the laminated film 2.

[0056] Furthermore, a reinforcing material (not shown) may be provided between the laminated film 2 and the coating 9. A backing card is preferred as the reinforcing material.

[0057] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a hole formation process in another example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure. In the hole formation process, which is performed after the film formation process, through holes 21 for injecting filler into the bottomed holes 3 and through holes 22 for discharging gas from the bottomed holes 3 to the outside of the structure 1 are formed in the coating 9 and the laminated film 2, respectively.

[0058] Regarding the arrangement of the filler injection through-hole 21 and the gas discharge through-hole 22, it is preferable that the filler injection through-hole 21 be located lower than the gas discharge through-hole 22 in order to efficiently carry out the subsequent injection process. From a similar viewpoint, it is preferable that the opening of the filler injection through-hole 21 be located lower than the portion of the filler injection through-hole 21 that communicates with the bottomed hole 3. Also from a similar viewpoint, it is preferable that the opening of the gas discharge through-hole 22 be located higher than the portion of the gas discharge through-hole 22 that communicates with the bottomed hole 3.

[0059] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an injection process in another example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure. In the injection process, which is performed after the hole formation process, the filler material 4 is injected into the bottomed hole 3 through the filler material injection through hole 21, while the gas inside the bottomed hole 3 is discharged to the outside of the structure 1 through the gas discharge through hole 22.

[0060] By injecting the filler material 4 through the filler material injection through-hole 21 while simultaneously removing the gas from the bottomed hole 3 through the gas discharge through-hole 22 using a device such as a vacuum pump, the filler material 4 can be efficiently injected into the bottomed hole 3, and the filler material 4 injected into the bottomed hole 3 can also fill in microcracks (not shown) that communicate with the inner surface of the bottomed hole 3.

[0061] Furthermore, if the through-hole 21 for injecting the packing material and the through-hole 22 for discharging gas are arranged in the above configuration, it is possible to discharge gas from the through-hole 22 while suppressing leakage of the packing material 4 injected into the bottomed hole 3 from the through-hole 22.

[0062] The laminated film 2 and coating 9 provided on the surface 1a of the structure 1 prevent the filler material 4 injected into the bottomed hole 3 from leaking out of the structure 1 through microcracks or other openings. The laminated film 2 and coating 9 function as curing materials for the injection of the filler material 4.

[0063] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a pin fixing process in another example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure. In the pin fixing process, which is performed after the injection process, pins 5 are inserted into and fixed into a bottomed hole 3 filled with filler material 4. When the pins 5 are inserted, the filler material 4 has not hardened, and the filler material 4 hardens after a predetermined time has elapsed since the insertion of the pins 5. The pins 5 are fixed inside the bottomed hole 3 by the hardened filler material 4.

[0064] The pins 5 inserted into the bottomed holes 3 are, for example, shear reinforcement bars, with a diameter of approximately 13 mm to 32 mm. Additionally, for example, the ends of the pins 5 are provided with ceramic caps or anchoring bodies wider than the diameter of the central part of the pins 5.

[0065] This example shows the pin fixing process performed after peeling the coating 9 from the laminated film 2, but the timing of peeling the coating 9 is not particularly limited.

[0066] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a peeling process in another example of a method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure. In the peeling process, which is performed after the pin fixing process, the laminated film 2 is peeled off from the surface 1a of the structure 1. Even after peeling the laminated film 2 off the structure 1, the hardened filler material 4 remains filled in the bottomed holes 3, and the pins 5 remain fixed to the hardened filler material 4.

[0067] In this way, the pin 5 is fixed by the hardened filler material 4 that fills the bottomed hole 3, and furthermore, the hardened filler material 4 fills the bottomed hole 3 and microcracks (not shown). In this manner, the surface 1a of the structure 1 can be repaired or reinforced. This repair and reinforcement method is suitably applicable to shear reinforcement of existing concrete in civil engineering structures.

[0068] Next, the method for repairing and reinforcing the interior of a structure according to the present invention will be described.

[0069] The present invention provides a method for repairing and reinforcing the interior of a structure, which includes an injection step.

[0070] In the injection process of the repair and reinforcement method for the interior of a structure, the above-mentioned rubber composition is injected into the interior of the structure. For example, as shown in Figure 13, the rubber composition 7 can be injected from the surface 1a to the interior of the structure 1 through cracks 6 that extend from the surface 1a to the interior of the structure 1. The method of injecting the rubber composition is not particularly limited.

[0071] The rubber composition injected into the interior of a structure functions as a repair and reinforcement material after drying, thus enabling repair or reinforcement of the structure's interior. The method of drying the injected rubber composition is not particularly limited and may be left to dry for a certain period of time.

[0072] Next, the method for cleaning the surface of a structure according to the present invention will be described.

[0073] The present invention provides a method for cleaning the surface of a structure, comprising a film formation step and a peeling step.

[0074] In the film-forming step of the cleaning method for structural surfaces, the above-mentioned rubber composition is applied to the surface of the structure to form a coating, and the coating is dried to form a protective film. The method of forming the protective film is not particularly limited, but for example, a protective film can be formed on the surface of a structure by the procedure shown in Figure 14.

[0075] A rubber composition is applied to the surface 1a of the structure 1 to form a coating film 8. Figure 14 shows the rubber composition being applied using a roll, but the method of applying the rubber composition is not particularly limited, and other conventionally known methods such as brush application and spray application can also be used. A protective film 9 can be formed by drying this coating film 8. The method of drying the rubber composition coating film 8 is not particularly limited, and it may be dried in a drying oven or left to dry for a certain period of time.

[0076] The coating 9 shown in Figure 14 is a single layer. Even if the coating 9 is a single layer, using the rubber composition of the present invention allows for sufficient strength due to the sufficient thickness of the coating 9, and also allows for adjustment of the adhesion of the coating 9 to the surface 1a of the structure 1, thus facilitating the subsequent peeling process. In particular, if the thickness of the coating 9 is 0.01 mm or more and 20 mm or less, it has an adhesive strength suitable for cleaning the surface 1a of the structure 1 and can be peeled off very easily. Note that the present invention is not limited to forming a single layer coating 9, and other layers may be formed on the coating 9.

[0077] In the peeling step performed after the film formation step, the coating 9 is peeled off from the surface 1a of the structure 1, as shown in Figure 14. Since the adhesive force between the coating 9 and the dirt 10 is stronger than the adhesive force between the surface 1a of the structure 1 and the dirt 10, when the coating 9 is peeled off from the surface 1a of the structure 1 in the peeling step, the dirt 10 is pulled away from the surface 1a of the structure 1 together with the coating 9. In this way, the dirt 10 moves from the surface 1a of the structure 1 where the dirt 10 is present to the coating 9 side, and the surface 1a of the structure 1 can be cleaned. Thus, the coating formed using the rubber composition of the present invention can be used for surface cleaning of structures.

[0078] Furthermore, since the viscosity of the rubber composition of the present invention can be easily adjusted while setting the solid content within a desired range, it can easily form a coating that conforms to the irregularities on the surface of a structure. Therefore, dirt on the surface of the structure can be removed overall. In addition, since the coating is water-resistant, the rubber composition of the present invention can be particularly preferably used for cleaning outdoor structures.

[0079] Next, the method for sealing the surface of a structure according to the present invention will be described.

[0080] The present invention provides a method for sealing the surface of a structure, comprising a film formation step.

[0081] In the film formation step of the sealing method for structural surfaces, the rubber composition is applied to the surface of the structure to form a coating, similar to the cleaning method for structural surfaces described above, and the coating is dried to form a protective film.

[0082] In sealing methods for structural surfaces, the coating is utilized as a sealing membrane. For example, its water resistance allows it to be used as a waterproof membrane. It can also be used as a coating to prevent slag from coming out of the structural surface during concrete pouring and to suppress staining caused by slag. Furthermore, it can be used as a protective film to prevent contamination of the structural surface during work on the structure. In particular, in the case of construction work, it is often necessary to temporarily protect the ground surface, and the rubber composition of the present invention can be suitably used in such cases as well.

[0083] After sealing the surface of the structure, the coating may or may not be removed from the surface of the structure. If the rubber component contained in the rubber composition is a natural rubber component, the coating will decompose naturally. Furthermore, since the rubber composition of the present invention is composed of materials with low environmental impact, even if the coating is not removed, the coating will have little adverse effect on the environment.

[0084] According to the embodiments described above, a rubber composition for structures containing a rubber component and having predetermined properties exhibits excellent water resistance and can be applied to a variety of structural uses.

[0085] Although embodiments have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and includes all aspects included in the concepts and claims of this disclosure, and can be modified in various ways within the scope of this disclosure. [Examples]

[0086] Examples and comparative examples will be described next, but this disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0087] (Example 1) A rubber composition with a pH of 6.0 or higher and in liquid form was obtained by mixing natural rubber latex (62% by mass solids, molecular weight distributed in the range of 10,000 to 2,000,000 (manufactured by Resitex, "HANR-LATEX")), recycled paper (Oyo Fiber), and water, and adjusting the pH. The recycled paper content in the rubber composition was 2% relative to the natural rubber latex.

[0088] A rubber composition was applied to the substrate surface to form a coating, and then the coating was dried to form a protective film. Figure 15 is a digital camera photograph of the protective film. The film exhibited excellent water resistance.

[0089] Furthermore, the obtained rubber composition enabled effective repair and reinforcement of structural surfaces, repair and reinforcement of the interior of structures, cleaning of structural surfaces, and sealing of structural surfaces.

[0090] (Comparative Example 1) A composition was prepared and a coating was formed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that natural rubber latex was replaced with glue. The coating had poor water resistance. Therefore, it was found that the obtained composition has limited applications in structures.

[0091] (Comparative Example 2) We attempted to repair and reinforce the surface of structures, repair and reinforce the interior of structures, clean the surface of structures, and seal the surface of structures using vinyl tape. As a result, problems arose such as the vinyl tape easily peeling off the surface of structures and the vinyl tape not adhering to the surface of structures. Furthermore, after removing the vinyl tape from the surface of structures, adhesive components of the vinyl tape remained on the surface of the structures, sometimes causing staining. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0092] 1 structure 1a Surface of a structure 2. Multilayer film 2a 1st coating 2b Fiber-reinforced member 2c 2nd coating 3 Bottomed hole 4 Filling material 5 pins 6. Cracks 7. Rubber composition 8. Coating film 9 Coating 10 stains 21 Through hole for filling material injection 22 Through-hole for gas discharge

Claims

1. A rubber composition for structural use that contains rubber components, has a pH of 6.0 or higher, and is in liquid form.

2. The rubber composition for structures according to claim 1, wherein the rubber component is one or more selected from the group consisting of natural rubber latex, isoprene rubber latex, chloroprene rubber latex, and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber.

3. The structural rubber composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant.

4. The rubber composition for structures according to claim 1, further comprising short fibers.

5. A structural rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, used for repairing or reinforcing the surface of a structure.

6. A structural rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, used for repairing or reinforcing the interior of a structure.

7. A rubber composition for structures according to any one of claims 1 to 4, used for cleaning the surface of a structure.

8. A structural rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, used for sealing the surface of a structure.

9. A laminated film forming step comprising: applying the structural rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to the surface of a structure to form a first coating film; attaching a fibrous reinforcing member to the surface of the first coating film; applying the structural rubber composition to the surface of the fibrous reinforcing member to form a second coating film; and drying the first coating film and the second coating film to form a laminated film, A drilling step of drilling through the laminated film and forming a bottomed hole on the surface of the structure covered by the laminated film, An injection step of injecting a filler into the aforementioned bottomed hole, A pin fixing step involves inserting a pin into the bottomed hole, which is filled with the aforementioned filler material, and fixing it in place. A peeling step of peeling the laminated film from the surface of the structure A method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure, comprising [the specified element].

10. A drilling process in which a hole is drilled to form a bottomed hole on the surface of the structure, A laminated film forming step comprising: applying the structural rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to the surface of the structure so as to cover the opening of the bottomed hole to form a first coating film; attaching a fibrous reinforcing member to the surface of the first coating film; applying the structural rubber composition to the surface of the fibrous reinforcing member to form a second coating film; and drying the first coating film and the second coating film to form a laminated film, A film forming step involves applying the rubber composition for structures to the surface of the laminated film to form a coating film, and drying the coating film to form a protective film. The process of forming holes in the coating and the laminated film, respectively, including a through-hole for injecting a filler into the bottomed hole and a through-hole for discharging gas from the bottomed hole to the outside of the structure, An injection step in which the filler is injected into the bottomed hole from the filler injection through-hole, while the gas in the bottomed hole is discharged from the gas discharge through-hole, A pin fixing step involves inserting a pin into the bottomed hole, which is filled with the aforementioned filler material, and fixing it in place. A peeling step of peeling the laminated film from the surface of the structure A method for repairing and reinforcing the surface of a structure, comprising [the specified element].

11. A method for repairing and reinforcing the interior of a structure, comprising an injection step of injecting the structural rubber composition described in any one of claims 1 to 4 into the interior of the structure.

12. A film forming step comprising applying the rubber composition for structures according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to the surface of a structure to form a coating film, and drying the coating film to form a protective film, A peeling step of peeling the coating from the surface of the structure A method for cleaning the surface of a structure, comprising [the specified element].

13. A method for sealing the surface of a structure, comprising a film-forming step of applying a rubber composition for structures according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to the surface of a structure to form a coating film, and drying the coating film to form a protective film.

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