Stapling surgical instruments and loading units

Abstract

We provide surgical instruments for stapling and loading units. [Solution] The stapling surgical instrument includes an axis assembly and a loading unit, the axis assembly includes a main body, a launch rod, and a sensing sleeve, the main body surrounding the sensing sleeve, the sensing sleeve directly surrounding the launch rod, the launch rod surrounding the longitudinal axis, and having a notch at the distal end of the main body, the loading unit includes an insertion part, the insertion part having a mounting boss, a first lumen, and a second lumen, the proximal end of the insertion part and the mounting boss are separated by a certain first distance along the longitudinal axis, the first lumen and the second lumen have a boundary with each other, and when the loading unit is detachably attached to the axis assembly, the insertion part is inserted into the notch, the second lumen has a second dimension and accommodates the launch rod and the distal end of the sensing sleeve, and the first lumen has a first dimension and accommodates the distal end of the launch rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to medical instruments, and particularly to stapling surgical instruments and loading units.

Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, open surgery has gradually shifted to endoscopic surgery, and endoscopic staplers have also gradually shifted from manual firing to motor-driven firing. By design, endoscopic staplers are generally classified into two main types. That is, a type that exchanges loading units with different staple line lengths and a type that exchanges staple cartridges. In one surgical procedure, the stapler needs to sequentially load a plurality of loading units to suture and cut human tissues. The easyEndo universal endoscopic cutting stapler loads staple cartridges with staple line lengths of 30 mm, 45 mm, and 60 mm. The stapler that exchanges the loading unit has the advantage that the same stapler can exchange the loading unit during the operation, effectively reducing the operation time and reducing the operation cost.

[0003] In the era of manual firing, when attaching loading units with different staple line lengths to the stapler, the user judges the firing stroke and stops and retreats after the firing is completed. However, when the above design is applied to an electric endoscopic stapler, if the control circuit cannot judge the staple line length of the loading unit and cannot accurately control the firing stroke, the firing stroke may be insufficient or excessive during the use process, damaging the stapler and injuring the patient. Therefore, there is a need for a stapler that can identify loading units with different staple line lengths, and control the firing stroke of the stapler according to the staple line length of the loading unit to ensure that the stapler operates better.

Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a stapling surgical instrument that can identify whether a loading unit is not installed or the length of the staple line.

[0005] In one embodiment of the present invention, the stapling surgical instrument includes an axis assembly and a loading unit, The shaft assembly includes a main body, a firing rod, and a sensing sleeve, the main body surrounding the sensing sleeve, the sensing sleeve directly surrounding the firing rod, the firing rod surrounding the longitudinal axis, and the distal end of the main body having a notch. The loading unit includes an insertion section, the insertion section having a mounting boss, a first lumen, and a second lumen, the proximal end of the insertion section and the mounting boss are separated by a certain first distance along the longitudinal axis, and the first lumen and the second lumen have a boundary with each other. When the loading unit is detachably attached to the shaft assembly, the insertion portion is inserted into the notch, and the second lumen, having a second dimension, accommodates the distal end of the firing rod and the sensing sleeve, while the first lumen, having a first dimension, accommodates the distal end of the firing rod.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the loading unit includes an insertion portion, the insertion portion having a mounting boss, a first lumen, and a second lumen, the proximal end of the insertion portion and the mounting boss are separated by a certain first distance along the longitudinal axis, and the first lumen and the second lumen have a boundary with each other. The loading unit is detachably attached to the shaft assembly, which includes a main body, a launch rod, and a sensing sleeve, the main body surrounding the sensing sleeve, the sensing sleeve directly surrounding the launch rod, the launch rod surrounding the longitudinal axis, and the distal end of the main body having a notch. When the insertion portion is inserted into the notch, the second lumen has a second dimension and accommodates the distal end of the firing rod and the sensing sleeve, and the first lumen has a first dimension and accommodates the distal end of the firing rod.

[0007] As the loading unit rotates with the shaft assembly, the launch rod and sensing sleeve also rotate. The second lumen accommodates the distal ends of the launch rod and sensing sleeve, and the launch rod and sensing sleeve are provided adjacent to each other, simplifying the rotation of the shaft assembly by omitting other components between them. Different loading units have different staple line lengths, but the proximal end of the insertion section and the mounting boss are separated by a constant first distance along the longitudinal axis. When different loading units are locked to the shaft assembly, each insertion section can be fixed into the same notch. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] To enable humans to intuitively and visually understand each technical feature and the overall invention of this invention, the drawings supplement the textual descriptions of the embodiments. [Figure 1] This is an exemplary perspective view of a stapling surgical instrument. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the handle assembly shown. [Figure 3] Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of the handle assembly shown. [Figure 4] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the drive assembly. [Figure 5] Figure 1 is an exploded view of the shaft assembly. [Figure 6] Figure 5 is a partial perspective view of the elongated body shown. [Figure 7] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the elongated body. [Figure 8] Figure 5 is a partial perspective view of the rotating housing. [Figure 9] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating housing. [Figure 10] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the loading unit. [Figure 11] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the loading unit. [Figure 12] This is a partial perspective view of an exemplary loading unit installation. [Figure 13a]It is a partial perspective view of an exemplary loading unit that is not attached. [Figure 13b] It is a partial perspective view of the movement of an exemplary loading unit. [Figure 13c] It is a partial perspective view of the rotation of an exemplary loading unit. [Figure 13d] It is a partial perspective view of the removal of an exemplary loading unit. [Figure 14a] It is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary launch rod that is unlocked. [Figure 14b] It is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary launch rod that is locked. [Figure 14c] It is a cross-sectional view of the movement of an exemplary launch rod. [Figure 15] It is a perspective view of an exemplary attachment sensing module. [Figure 16] It is a perspective view of another exemplary attachment sensing module. [Figure 17] It is a perspective view of yet another exemplary attachment sensing module. [Figure 18] It is a perspective view of an exemplary stroke sensing module. [Figure 19] It is a perspective view of another exemplary stroke sensing module.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein should be considered to be illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The description of the features or forms in each exemplary embodiment should typically be considered to be applicable to similar features or forms in other exemplary embodiments.

[0010] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the stapling surgical instrument 10 includes a handle assembly 11, a shaft assembly 20, and a loading unit 30. The shaft assembly 20 defines a longitudinal axis x extending from the proximal to the distal end. The proximal end of the shaft assembly 20 is rotatably connected to the distal end of the handle assembly 11, and the proximal end of the loading unit 30 is detachably connected to the distal end of the shaft assembly 20. When the shaft assembly 20 rotates relative to the handle assembly 11, the loading unit 30 can rotate with the shaft assembly 20.

[0011] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and FIGS. 8 to 9, the handle assembly 11 includes a handle housing 12, a frame 13, a drive assembly 14, a control circuit 15, a power source 16, and a control button 17. The handle housing 12 fixes the frame 13. The frame 13 includes an annular guide rail 131. The annular guide rail 131 is connected to the shaft assembly 20 and provides rotational freedom to the shaft assembly 20. The drive assembly 14 includes a motor 141, a first gear 1421, a second gear 1422, and a rack 143. The first gear 1421 is attached to the output shaft of the motor 141. The second gear 1422 meshes with the first gear 1421, and the rack 143 meshes with the second gear 1422. The motor 141 is fixed to the frame 13. The frame 13 provides a rotating shaft to the second gear 1422 and provides a guide rail to the rack 143. When the motor 141 drives the rack 143 to move along the longitudinal axis x, the rack 143 moves from one of the proximal side or the distal side to the other. The control circuit 15 is fixed to the frame 13 or the handle housing 12 and can control the rotation of the motor 141. The power source 16 may be a battery pack or a network power source and provides electrical energy to the stapling surgical instrument 10. The battery pack enables the stapling surgical instrument 10 to be portable. The control button 17 includes a forward button 171 and a backward button 172. When the user presses the forward button 171, the control circuit 15 controls the motor 141 to move the rack 143 from the proximal side to the distal side. When the user presses the backward button 172, the control circuit 15 controls the motor 141 to move the rack 143 from the distal side to the proximal side.

[0012] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the shaft assembly 20 includes a rotating housing 21 and an elongated body 22. The distal end of the rotating housing 21 is connected to the proximal end of the elongated body 22. The rotating housing 21 includes a first rotating housing 211 and a second rotating housing 212. The first rotating housing 211 is connected to the second rotating housing 212. The elongated body 22 includes a main body portion 221 and an outer sleeve 222. The first rotating housing 211 and the second rotating housing 212 fix the main body portion 221. The outer sleeve 222 surrounds the main body portion 221, and the outer sleeve 222 and the main body portion 221 are coaxially mounted.

[0013] As shown in Figure 10, the loading unit 30 includes a main body 31 and a jaw assembly 32. The distal end of the main body 31 is connected to the proximal end of the jaw assembly 32. The jaw assembly 32 includes a staple cartridge assembly 33 and an anvil assembly 34. The staple cartridge assembly 33 opens and closes relative to the staple anvil assembly 34. Staples in the staple cartridge assembly 33 can be extruded and formed into the staple anvil assembly 34. The loading unit 30 is a first loading unit 30A, a second loading unit 30B, or a third loading unit 30C. The staple line length of the first loading unit 30A is 60 mm. The staple line length of the second loading unit 30B is 45 mm. The staple line length of the third loading unit 30C is 30 mm. The first loading unit 30A, the second loading unit 30B, or the third loading unit 30C can each be attached to the shaft assembly 20.

[0014] As shown in Figure 5, the shaft assembly 20 includes a bending control mechanism 27, which includes a bending control wrench 271 and a first bending control rod 272, and the loading unit 30 includes a second bending control rod 35. The bending control wrench 271 is provided in the first rotating housing 211, and the first bending control rod 272 is provided together with the main body 221. The distal end groove of the first bending control rod 272 is connected to the proximal end hook of the second bending control rod 35. When the user rotates the bending control wrench 271, the bending control wrench 271 moves the first bending control rod 272 along the longitudinal axis x. When the loading unit 30 is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the first bending control rod 272 can interlock with the second bending control rod 35 to achieve bending of the jaw assembly 32.

[0015] As shown in Figure 8, the shaft assembly 20 includes a sensing mechanism 29, which includes a sensing sleeve 24 and a sensing sleeve 25. The sensing sleeves 24 and 25 are arranged along the longitudinal axis x. The proximal end of the sensing sleeve 24 contacts the distal end of the sensing sleeve 25. The handle assembly 11 includes a slider 18 and a biasing member 19. The biasing member 19 may be an elastic member such as a tension spring, compression spring, torsion spring, or elastic piece. The biasing member 19 biases the slider 18 toward its distal end, causing the sensing sleeves 25 and 24 to move toward the distal end. The distal end 181 of the slider 18 contacts the proximal end of the sensing sleeve 25. The proximal end of the sensing sleeve 25 is an annular flange 251. When the loading unit 30 is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the loading unit 30 pushes the sensing sleeve 24 and moves it proximally, and the sensing sleeve 24 pushes the sensing sleeve 25 and moves it proximally. At the same time, the sensing sleeve 25 pushes the slider 18 and moves it proximally.

[0016] As shown in Figures 15 to 17, the control circuit 15 includes a circuit board 150, the circuit board 150 includes a mounting sensing module 151, and the mounting sensing module 151 includes a mounting sensing switch 1511. The mounting sensing switch 1511 may have a button 1512, or it may be a photoelectric switch or a Hall switch. At the same time, the slider 18 has a projection 182 which can press the button 1512, or the slider 18 has a recess which can release the button 1512, and the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the loading unit 30.

[0017] As shown in Figure 15, one mounting sensing module 151 includes three mounting sensing switches 1511, the first switch 1511A, the second switch 1511B, and the third switch 1511C, which are positioned from proximal to distal. Simultaneously, the slider 18 has three projections 182, the first projection 182, the second projection 182, and the third projection 182, which are positioned from proximal to distal. If the loading unit 30 is not mounted on the shaft assembly 20, the biasing member 19 biases the slider 18 to its distal end position, causing the projections 182 to press against the mounting sensing switches 1511 and prevent mounting. In this way, the control circuit 15 senses that the loading unit 30 is not mounted. When the first loading unit 30A is mounted on the shaft assembly 20, the sensing mechanism 29 pushes the slider 18 to move L1', causing the first projection 182 to press against the first switch 1511A. In this way, the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the first loading unit 30A. When the second loading unit 30B is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the sensing mechanism 29 pushes the slider 18 to move L2', and the second projection 182 presses the second switch 1511B. In this way, the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the second loading unit 30B. When the third loading unit 30C is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the sensing mechanism 29 pushes the slider 18 to move L3', and the third projection 182 presses the third switch 1511C. In this way, the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the third loading unit 30C.

[0018] As shown in Figure 16, another mounting sensing module 151 includes one mounting sensing switch 1513, which has three buttons 1514, where the first, second, and third buttons 1514 are arranged from proximal to distal and offset perpendicular to the longitudinal axis x. At the same time, the slider 18 has three projections 182, where the first, second, and third projections 182 are arranged from proximal to distal and offset perpendicular to the longitudinal axis x. When one loading unit 30 is mounted on the shaft assembly 20, the sensing mechanism 29 pushes and moves the slider 18, causing one projection 182 to press one of the buttons 1514. In this way, the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the loading unit 30.

[0019] As shown in Figure 17, another mounting sensing module 151 includes two mounting sensing switches 1511, where the first switch 1511A and the second switch 1511B are positioned from proximal to distal. Simultaneously, the slider 18 has two projections 182, where the first projection 182 and the second projection 182 are positioned from proximal to distal. When the loading unit 30 is not mounted on the shaft assembly 20, the first projection 182 does not press the first switch 1511A, and the second projection 182 does not press the second switch 1511B. The mounting sensing module 151 generates a combination of the second signal and the second signal. In this way, the control circuit 15 senses that the loading unit 30 is not mounted. When the first loading unit 30A is mounted on the shaft assembly 20, the first projection 182 presses the first switch 1511A, and the second projection 182 does not press the second switch 1511B. The mounting sensing module 151 generates a combination of the first and second signals. In this way, the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the first loading unit 30A. When the second loading unit 30B is mounted on the shaft assembly 20, the first projection 182 presses the first switch 1511A, and the second projection 182 presses the second switch 1511B. The mounting sensing module 151 generates a combination of the first and second signals. In this way, the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the second loading unit 30B. When the third loading unit 30C is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the first projection 182 does not press the first switch 1511A, and the second projection 182 presses the second switch 1511B. The mounting sensing module 151 generates a combination of the second signal and the first signal. In this way, the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the third loading unit 30C.

[0020] In this embodiment, the stapling surgical instrument 10 includes a handle assembly 11, a shaft assembly 20, and a plurality of loading units 30 having different staple line lengths. The handle assembly 11 includes a control circuit 15 having mounting sensing switches 1511 and a slider 18. The shaft assembly 20 includes a sensing mechanism 29. Any of the loading units 30 are detachably mounted on the shaft assembly 20. The number of mounting sensing switches 1511 is less than the number of staple line lengths of the loading units 30. Mounting a loading unit 30 involves driving the sensing mechanism 29 to push the slider 18, which either activates any of the mounting sensing switches 1511 to generate a first signal or does not activate them to generate a second signal. The control circuit 15 identifies whether a loading unit 30 is unmounted or has a specific staple line length based on all combinations of all the first or second signals. Space in the handle assembly 11 is limited, and the mounting sensing switches 1511 occupy a certain amount of space. The number of mounting sensing switches 1511 is reduced and space is saved by providing them on the handle assembly 11. In addition, the control circuit 15 makes full use of all combinations of all first signals or second signals.

[0021] Specifically, the mounting detection switch 1511 is either the first switch 1511A or the second switch 1511B, and when the loading unit 30 is released from the shaft assembly 20, the control circuit 15 detects that the loading unit 30 is not mounted without the slider 18 activating the first switch 1511A and the second switch 1511B. The multiple loading units 30 are a first loading unit 30A, a second loading unit 30B, or a third loading unit 30C. When the first loading unit 30A is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the slider 18 activates the first switch 1511A but does not activate the second switch 1511B, and the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the first loading unit 30A. When the second loading unit 30B is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the slider 18 activates the first switch 1511A and the second switch 1511B, and the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the second loading unit 30B. When the third loading unit 30C is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the slider 18 does not activate the first switch 1511A but activates the second switch 1511B, and the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the third loading unit 30C. The first signal is generated when either the first switch 1511A or the second switch 1511B is activated. The second signal is generated when either the first switch 1511A or the second switch 1511B is not activated. In this way, the control circuit 15 makes full use of the four combinations of the first and second signals.

[0022] As shown in Figures 18 to 19, the circuit board 150 includes a stroke sensing module 152, which includes a stroke sensing switch 1521. The stroke sensing switch 1521 may have a button 1522, or it may be a photoelectric switch or a Hall switch. Simultaneously, the rack 143 has a projection 1431 which can press the button 1522, or the rack 143 may press the button 1522 first and then release it after movement, thereby the control circuit 15 controlling the firing stroke of the loading unit 30.

[0023] As shown in Figure 18, one stroke sensing module 152 includes four stroke sensing switches 1521, where the first switch 1521A, the second switch 1521B, the third switch 1521C, and the fourth switch 1521D are arranged from proximal to distal. At the same time, the proximal end of the rack 143 has a projection 1431. When the rack 143 is in its initial position, the projection 1431 presses the first switch 1521A. When the motor 141 drives the rack 143 to reach a first displacement T1, the projection 1431 presses the second switch 1521B, and the first displacement T1 corresponds to the firing stroke of the third loading unit 30C. In this way, the control circuit 15 can control the firing stroke of the third loading unit 30C. When motor 141 drives rack 143 to reach a second displacement T2, projection 1431 presses third switch 1521C, and the second displacement T2 corresponds to the firing stroke of the second loading unit 30B. In this way, the control circuit 15 can control the firing stroke of the second loading unit 30B. When motor 141 drives rack 143 to reach a third displacement T3, projection 1431 presses fourth switch 1521D, and the third displacement T3 corresponds to the firing stroke of the first loading unit 30A. In this way, the control circuit 15 can control the firing stroke of the first loading unit 30A.

[0024] As shown in Figure 19, one stroke sensing module 152 includes one stroke sensing switch 1521. Simultaneously, the rack has four projections 1431, where the first projection 1431A, the second projection 1431B, the third projection 1431C, and the fourth projection 1431D are arranged from distal to proximal. When the rack 143 is in its initial position, the first projection 1431A presses the stroke sensing switch 1521 to generate the first third signal. When the motor 141 drives the rack 143 to reach a first displacement T1, the second projection 1431B presses the stroke sensing switch 1521 to generate the second third signal, and the first displacement T1 corresponds to the firing stroke of the third loading unit 30C. In this way, the control circuit 15 can control the firing stroke of the third loading unit 30C. When motor 141 drives rack 143 to reach a second displacement T2, the third projection 1431C presses the stroke sensing switch 1521, generating a third signal, and the second displacement T2 corresponds to the firing stroke of the second loading unit 30B. In this way, the control circuit 15 can control the firing stroke of the second loading unit 30B. When motor 141 drives rack 143 to reach a third displacement T3, the fourth projection 1431D presses the stroke sensing switch 1521, generating a fourth signal, and the third displacement T3 corresponds to the firing stroke of the first loading unit 30A. In this way, the control circuit 15 can control the firing stroke of the first loading unit 30A.

[0025] In this embodiment, the handle assembly 11 includes a rack 143 having a plurality of protrusions 1431, and the control circuit 15 has one stroke sensing switch 1521. The rack 143 is movable between an initial position and an endpoint position. The protrusions 1431 either activate the stroke sensing switch 1521 to generate a third signal, or do not activate it to generate a fourth signal. The control circuit 15 senses the initial position or displacement of the rack 143 based on the number of third signals, and the displacement of the rack 143 corresponds to the firing stroke of the loading unit 30. In this way, the control circuit 15 can control the firing stroke of the loading unit 30. Furthermore, space in the handle assembly 11 is limited, and the stroke sensing switch 1521 occupies a certain amount of space. The number of stroke sensing switches 1521 can be reduced and space can be saved by providing them in the handle assembly 11.

[0026] Specifically, the multiple protrusions 1431 are the first protrusion 1431A, the second protrusion 1431B, the third protrusion 1431C, and the fourth protrusion 1431D. When the rack 143 is in its initial position, the first protrusion 1431A activates the stroke sensing switch 1521 to generate the first third signal, and the control circuit 15 senses that the rack 143 has not moved. When the rack moves from its initial position to its final position, the second protrusion 1431B activates the stroke sensing switch 1521 to generate the second signal. A third signal is generated, and the control circuit 15 senses that the rack 143 has reached a first displacement. Subsequently, the third projection 1431C activates the stroke sensing switch 1521 to generate a third third signal, and the control circuit 15 senses that the rack 143 has reached a second displacement. Subsequently, the fourth projection 1431D activates the stroke sensing switch 1521 to generate a fourth third signal, and the control circuit 15 senses that the rack 143 has reached a third displacement. The multiple loading units 30 are the first loading unit 30A, the second loading unit 30B, and the third loading unit 30C. The first displacement of the rack 143 corresponds to the firing stroke of the third loading unit 30C, the second displacement of the rack 143 corresponds to the firing stroke of the second loading unit 30B, and the third displacement of the rack 143 corresponds to the firing stroke of the first loading unit 30A. The handle assembly 11 further includes a motor 141, and the control circuit 15 controls the motor 141 to drive the rack 143 and control the firing stroke of the loading unit 30. The first projection 1431A, the second projection 1431B, the third projection 1431C, and the fourth projection 1431D occupy only a small amount of space in the handle assembly 11 to save space.

[0027] In another embodiment, a method for operating a stapling surgical instrument includes the steps of: providing a handle assembly 11, a shaft assembly 20, and a plurality of loading units 30 having different staple line lengths; connecting the handle assembly 11 and the shaft assembly 20, wherein the handle assembly 11 includes a control circuit 15 having mounting sensing switches 1511 and a slider 18, and the shaft assembly 20 includes a sensing mechanism 29; detachably mounting any of the loading units 30 to the shaft assembly 20, wherein the number of mounting sensing switches 1511 is less than the number of staple line lengths of the loading units 30; activating any of the mounting sensing switches 1511 to generate a first signal by having the sensing mechanism 29 press the slider 18, or generating a second signal without activating the switches; and in the control circuit 15, identifying whether a loading unit 30 is unmounted or has a staple line length based on all combinations of all the first or second signals.

[0028] Specifically, the handle assembly 11 includes a rack 143 having a plurality of protrusions 1431, and the control circuit 15 further includes a stroke sensing switch 1521, and the method further includes moving the rack 143 between an initial position and an endpoint position, activating the stroke sensing switch 1521 by the protrusions 1431 to generate a third signal, or generating a fourth signal without activating it, and the control circuit 15 sensing the initial position or displacement of the rack 143 based on the number of third signals, the displacement of the rack 143 corresponding to the firing stroke of the loading unit 30. The handle assembly 11 further includes a motor 141, and the method further includes controlling the motor 141 using the control circuit 15 to drive the rack 143 to control the firing stroke of the loading unit 30.

[0029] As shown in Figures 3 to 9, the shaft assembly 20 includes a launch rod 23, a sensing sleeve 24, and a main body 221, and is coaxially mounted. The main body 221 surrounds the sensing sleeve 24, and the sensing sleeve 24 surrounds the launch rod 23. The proximal end of the launch rod 23 is rotatably connected to the distal end of the rack 143. When the shaft assembly 20 rotates relative to the handle assembly 11, the launch rod 23 and the main body 221 rotate synchronously relative to the rack 143. When the motor 141 drives the rack 143 to move along the longitudinal axis x, the rack 143 drives the launch rod 23 to move between the proximal and distal positions.

[0030] As shown in Figures 5 to 7, the shaft assembly 20 includes a rotation-preventing pin 26, the main body 221 has a keyway 2211, the firing rod 23 has a rotation-preventing surface 231, and the sensing sleeve 24 has a first opening 241. The rotation-preventing pin 26 is fixed in the keyway 2211, passes through the first opening 241 and engages with the rotation-preventing surface 231, preventing the firing rod 23 from rotating relative to the main body 221.

[0031] In this embodiment, the stapling surgical instrument 10 includes a handle assembly 11, a shaft assembly 20, and a loading unit 30, wherein the shaft assembly 20 is rotatably connected to the handle assembly 11, and the loading unit 30 is detachably attached to the shaft assembly 20, and the shaft assembly 20 includes an elongated body 22, a firing rod 23, a sensing sleeve 24, and a rotation-preventing pin 26, wherein the elongated body 22 includes a body portion 221, the firing rod 23 has a rotation-preventing surface 231, the sensing sleeve 24 has an opening 241, the body portion 221 surrounds the sensing sleeve 24, the sensing sleeve 24 surrounds the firing rod 23, the firing rod 23 surrounds the longitudinal axis x, and the rotation-preventing pin 26 is fixed to the body portion 221, passes through the opening 241 and engages with the rotation-preventing surface 231 to prevent the firing rod 23 from rotating relative to the body portion 221. When the shaft assembly 20 rotates by a certain angle relative to the handle assembly 11, the main body 221 rotates by a certain angle along with the firing rod 23, thus preventing the rotation of the shaft assembly 20 from affecting the normal operation of the firing rod 23.

[0032] The handle assembly 11 includes a drive assembly 14, the proximal end of the launch rod 23 being rotatably connected to the distal end of the drive assembly 14, and when the anti-rotation pin 26 passes through the opening 241 and engages with the anti-rotation surface 231, the drive assembly 14 can drive the launch rod 23 to move along the longitudinal axis x. In this way, the launch rod 23 is movable between the proximal and distal positions in conjunction with the rack 143 as the main body 221 rotates.

[0033] The dimension of the rotation-preventing surface 231 along the longitudinal axis x is greater than the dimension of the rotation-preventing pin 26 along the longitudinal axis x. As the launch rod 23 moves along the longitudinal axis x, the rotation-preventing pin 26 is positioned between the proximal and distal ends of the rotation-preventing surface 231. In this way, the launch rod 23 can avoid moving between the proximal and distal positions and rotating relative to the main body 221.

[0034] When the shaft assembly 20 rotates relative to the handle assembly 11, the main body 221 and the firing rod 23 rotate together with the loading unit 30. This allows the firing rod 23 and the loading unit 30 to operate normally in conjunction with the rotation of the main body 221.

[0035] The rotation-retaining pin 26 works in cooperation with the first opening 241 to restrict the rotation of the sensing sleeve 24 relative to the firing rod 23. This allows the firing rod 23 to rotate and operate normally.

[0036] The dimension of the first opening 241 along the longitudinal axis x is greater than the dimension of the rotation-retaining pin 26 along the longitudinal axis x, and when the rotation-retaining pin 26 restricts the rotation of the sensing sleeve 24 relative to the firing rod 23, the loading unit 30 pushes the sensing sleeve 24 and moves it along the longitudinal axis x. In this way, the sensing sleeve 24 can be pushed forward and moved proximally as the firing rod 23 rotates.

[0037] The loading unit 30 is either a first loading unit 30A or a second loading unit 30B, where the staple line length of the first loading unit 30A differs from that of the second loading unit 30B. The first loading unit 30A is detachably connected to the shaft assembly 20 and pushes the sensing sleeve 24 to a first sensing position, while the second loading unit 30B is detachably connected to the shaft assembly 20 and pushes the sensing sleeve 24 to a second sensing position. Thus, the position of the sensing sleeve 24 can be used to identify the staple line length of the loading unit 30.

[0038] The shaft assembly 20 further includes a sensing sleeve 25, and the handle assembly 11 further includes a control circuit 15 and a slider 18. The control circuit 15 includes a sensing module 151, the proximal end of the sensing sleeve 24 contacting the distal end of the sensing sleeve 25, the proximal end of the sensing sleeve 25 contacting the distal end of the slider 18, and the sensing module 151 sensing the position of the slider 18. In this way, the control circuit 15 can identify the staple line length of the loading unit 30.

[0039] The shaft assembly 20 further includes a rotating housing 21, the proximal end of the main body 221 being fixed to the distal end of the rotating housing 21, the sensing sleeve 25 being located inside the rotating housing 21, the sensing sleeve 25 and the rotating housing 21 being fixed in the circumferential direction of the longitudinal axis x, or the sensing sleeve 25 and the handle assembly 11 being fixed in the circumferential direction of the longitudinal axis x. Thus, when the shaft assembly 20 rotates relative to the handle assembly 11, the sensing sleeve 25 rotates relative to either the handle assembly 11 or the shaft assembly 20.

[0040] The proximal end of the sensing sleeve 25 has a flange 251, and when the shaft assembly 20 rotates relative to the handle assembly 11, the rotation of the sensing sleeve 25 is independent of the position of the slider 18. In this way, the flange 251 ensures that the position of the slider 18 changes due to the movement of the sensing sleeve 25 proximal to the sensor, while avoiding changes in the position of the slider 18 due to the rotation of the sensing sleeve 25.

[0041] As shown in Figures 13a to 13d, in the process of attaching the loading unit 30 to the shaft assembly 20, first the proximal end of the loading unit 30 is inserted into the distal end of the shaft assembly 20, then the loading unit 30 rotates by a certain angle relative to the shaft assembly 20, and the loading unit 30 is locked to the shaft assembly 20 again. In the process of releasing the loading unit 30 from the shaft assembly 20, first the loading unit 30 is unlocked from the shaft assembly 20, then the loading unit 30 rotates by a certain angle relative to the shaft assembly 20, and the loading unit 30 is separated from the shaft assembly 20 again.

[0042] As shown in Figures 7, 11, and 13a to 13d, the distal end of the loading unit 30 includes an insertion portion 36 and a mounting boss 311, the mounting boss 311 being provided on the insertion portion 36, and the proximal end of the insertion portion 36 and the mounting boss 311 being separated by a certain first distance along the longitudinal axis x. In the shaft assembly 20, a notch 2212 is provided at the proximal end of the main body portion 221. When the loading unit 30 is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the insertion portion 36 is inserted into the notch 2212, the insertion portion 36 rotates by a certain angle relative to the notch 2212, and the mounting boss 311 is prevented from rotating relative to the main body portion 221. When the loading unit 30 is released from the shaft assembly 20, the mounting boss 311 is allowed to rotate relative to the main body portion 221, the insertion portion 36 rotates by a certain angle relative to the notch 2212, and the insertion portion 36 moves away from the notch 2212.

[0043] As shown in Figures 5 and 14a to 14c, the shaft assembly 20 includes a locking mechanism 28, which includes a locking slider 281, a locking member 282, and an elastic member 283. The locking slider 281 is movable between a proximal end position and a distal end position along the longitudinal axis x. The locking member 282 is rotatable between a first position and a second position. When the locking slider 281 moves to the distal end position, the locking member 282 can be stationary in the first position or rotated to the second position. When the locking slider 281 moves to the proximal end position, the locking member 282 is driven to rotate to the first position or stationary in the first position. The elastic member 283 can return the slider 281 to the distal end position.

[0044] As shown in Figures 13a to 13d, the lock slider 281 is fixed to the main body 221 in the circumferential direction along the longitudinal axis x. When the lock slider 281 is moved to the distal end position, it prevents the mounting boss 311 from rotating relative to the main body 221. When the lock slider 281 is moved to the proximal end position, it allows the mounting boss 311 to rotate relative to the main body 221.

[0045] As shown in Figures 14a to 14c, the launch rod 23 has a groove 232, the sensing sleeve 24 has a second opening 242, and the locking member 282 has a locking portion 2821. When the locking member 282 is in the first position, the locking portion 2821 passes through the second opening 242 and reaches into the groove 232, and allows movement of the sensing sleeve 24 toward the proximal side. When the locking member 282 is in the second position, the locking portion 2821 moves away from the second opening 242 and the groove 232, and allows movement of the launch rod 23 toward the distal side.

[0046] As shown in Figures 14a to 14c, when the loading unit 30 is attached to or detached from the shaft assembly 20, the launch rod 23 is not driven and remains in the proximal position. Even if the loading unit 30 is inadvertently separated from the shaft assembly 20, the launch rod 23 remains not driven and remains in the proximal position. When the loading unit 30 is locked to the shaft assembly 20, the launch rod 23 is driven and moves along the longitudinal axis x.

[0047] As shown in Figures 13a to 14c, when the loading unit 30 is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the insertion portion 36 is inserted into the notch 2212, the insertion portion 36 pushes the lock slider 281 to move it to the proximal end position, the lock slider 281 rotates or holds the lock member 282 to the first position, the lock portion 2821 passes through the second opening 242 and reaches into the groove 232, the insertion portion 36 rotates a certain angle relative to the notch 2212, the elastic member 283 returns the lock slider 281 to the distal end position, and the lock slider 281 prevents the mounting boss 311 from rotating relative to the main body 221.

[0048] As shown in Figures 13a to 14c, when the loading unit 30 is locked to the shaft assembly 20, the drive assembly 14 drives the launch rod 23 to move to the distal position, the launch rod 23 drives the locking member 282 to rotate to the second position, the locking portion 2821 separates from the second opening 242 and groove 232, the locking member 282 prevents the lock slider 281 from moving to the proximal end position, and the lock slider 281 prevents the mounting boss 311 from rotating relative to the main body portion 221.

[0049] As shown in Figures 13a to 14c, when the loading unit 30 is released from the shaft assembly 20, the user pushes the lock slider 281 to move it to the proximal end position, the lock slider 281 drives the lock member 282 to rotate to the first position or to stop in the first position, the lock slider 281 allows the mounting boss 311 to rotate relative to the main body 221, the insertion portion 36 rotates by a certain angle relative to the notch 2212, and the insertion portion 36 moves away from the notch 2212.

[0050] In this embodiment, the stapling surgical instrument 10 includes an axis assembly 20 and a loading unit 30 detachably attached to the axis assembly 20, the axis assembly 20 including a launch rod 23 having a groove 232, a sensing sleeve 24 having a second opening 242, and a locking member 282 having a locking portion 2821, the launch rod 23 and the sensing sleeve 24 being coaxially mounted, the locking member 282 being rotatable between a first position and a second position, when the locking member 282 is rotated to the first position, the locking portion 2821 passes through the second opening 242 and into the groove 232 and allows the sensing sleeve 24 to move proximal, when the locking member 282 is rotated to the second position, the locking portion 2821 moves away from the second opening 242 and the groove 232 and allows the launch rod 23 to move distally. During the process of mounting the loading unit 30 to the shaft assembly 20, the locking member 282 does not prevent the movement of the sensing sleeve 24 in the first position. The movement of the sensing sleeve 24 can be used to identify the staple line length of the loading unit 30. Once the loading unit 30 is locked to the shaft assembly 20, the locking member 282 allows the firing rod 23 to operate normally.

[0051] The launch rod 23 further has a rotation-preventing surface 231, the sensing sleeve 24 further has a first opening 241, and the shaft assembly 20 further includes a rotation-preventing pin 26, which is fixedly provided so as to pass through the first opening 241 and engage with the rotation-preventing surface 231. In this way, the launch rod 23 is prevented from rotating relative to the main body 221.

[0052] The rotation-stopping surface 231 and the groove 232 are aligned by a difference of more than 30 degrees in the circumferential direction of the firing rod 23, and the first opening 241 and the second opening 242 are aligned by a difference of more than 30 degrees in the circumferential direction of the sensing sleeve 24, so that the rotation-stopping surface 231 and the first opening 241 are aligned, and the groove 232 and the second opening 242 are aligned. In this way, when the firing rod 23 or the sensing sleeve 24 moves along the vertical axis x, the rotation-stopping surface 231 and the second opening 242 shift, and the groove 232 and the first opening 241 shift.

[0053] The loading unit 30 is either a first loading unit 30A or a second loading unit 30B. The staple line length of the first loading unit 30A is different from that of the second loading unit 30B. When the first loading unit 30A is mounted on the shaft assembly 20, the sensing sleeve 24 moves to a first sensing position, and the groove 232 and the second opening 242 are aligned. When the second loading unit 30B is mounted on the shaft assembly 20, the sensing sleeve 24 moves to a second sensing position, and the groove 232 and the second opening 242 are aligned. This allows the locking member 282 to remain stationary in the first position or second sensing position even when the sensing sleeve 24 moves to the first or second sensing position. At the same time, the movement of the sensing sleeve 24 can be used to identify the staple line length of the first loading unit 30A or the second loading unit 30B.

[0054] The rotation-retaining pin 26 works in cooperation with the first opening 241 to restrict the rotation of the sensing sleeve 24 relative to the firing rod 23, while simultaneously aligning the groove 232 with the second opening 242. As a result, even if the sensing sleeve 24 makes a tight turn relative to the firing rod 23, the locking member 282 can rotate to the first position or remain stationary in the first position.

[0055] The shaft assembly 20 further includes a lock slider 281, which is movable along the longitudinal axis x. When the loading unit 30 is mounted on the shaft assembly 20, it pushes the sensing sleeve 24 to move proximal and pushes the lock slider 281 to move it to the proximal end position. Simultaneously, the lock slider 281 rotates or locks the lock member 282 to a first position. In this way, when the lock slider 281 moves to the proximal end position, the mounting boss 311 rotates relative to the main body 221. Meanwhile, the movement of the sensing sleeve 24 can be used to identify the staple line length of the loading unit 30.

[0056] When the loading unit 30 is released from the shaft assembly 20, the lock slider 281 moves to the distal end position, and the sensing sleeve 24 moves distally. At the same time, the lock slider 281 can hold the locking member 282 stationary in the first position or rotate it to the second position. In this way, when the lock slider 281 moves to the distal end position, it prevents the mounting boss 311 from rotating relative to the main body 221. Simultaneously, the movement of the sensing sleeve 24 can detect whether the loading unit 30 is not mounted.

[0057] The shaft assembly 20 further includes a body 221, and the loading unit 30 further includes a mounting boss 311. When the lock slider 281 moves to the proximal end position, it unlocks the loading unit 30 by allowing the mounting boss 311 to rotate relative to the body 221, and when the lock slider 281 moves to the distal end position, it locks the loading unit 30 by preventing the mounting boss 311 from rotating relative to the body 221. This unlocks the loading unit 30 to the shaft assembly 20, and the loading unit 30 begins to release from the shaft assembly 20. The loading unit 30 is locked to the shaft assembly 20, and the loading unit 30 is mounted to the shaft assembly 20.

[0058] The stapling surgical instrument 10 further includes a handle assembly 11 connected to a shaft assembly 20, the handle assembly 11 including a control circuit 15 to which a sensing module 151 is mounted, and a slider 18, and when the loading unit 30 is mounted to the shaft assembly 20, the mounting sensing module 151 can sense the position of the slider 18 to identify the length of the staple line of the loading unit 30.

[0059] The handle assembly 11 further includes a rack 143 connected to the firing rod 23, and the control circuit 15 further includes a stroke sensing module 152. When the firing rod 23 moves with the rack 143, the stroke sensing module 152 senses the initial position or displacement of the rack 143, and the control circuit 15 controls the firing stroke of the loading unit 30.

[0060] As shown in Figures 10 to 11, the insertion portion 36 has a first lumen 3101 and a second lumen 3102, and the first lumen 3101 or the second lumen 3102 may be a circular lumen, a rectangular lumen or a polygonal lumen, and the first lumen 3101 and the second lumen 3102 may have a boundary with each other. When the insertion portion 36 is inserted into the notch 2212, the second lumen 3102 has a second dimension D2 and accommodates the distal end of the firing rod 23 and the sensing sleeve 24, and the first lumen 3101 has a first dimension D1 and accommodates the distal end of the firing rod 23.

[0061] As shown in Figures 10 to 11 and Figures 15 to 17, in the loading unit 30, the boundary between the first lumen 3101 and the second lumen 3102 defines the work surface 3103, and the mounting boss 311 and the work surface 3103 are separated by a second distance along the longitudinal axis x, the second distance being set according to the staple line length. The second distance of the loading unit 30 determines the displacement at which the work surface 3103 drives the sensing mechanism 29 to push the slider 18.

[0062] As shown in Figures 10 to 11 and Figures 15 to 17, in the first loading unit 30A, the staple line length is 60 mm and the second distance is set to L1. When the first loading unit 30A is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the work surface 3103 drives the sensing mechanism 29 to push the slider 18 and move to L1'. In the second loading unit 30B, the staple line length is 45 mm and the second distance is set to L2, where L2 is greater than L1. When the second loading unit 30B is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the work surface 3103 drives the sensing mechanism 29 to push the slider 18 and move to L2', where L2' is greater than L1'. In the third loading unit 30C, the staple line length is 30 mm and the second distance is set to L3, where L3 is greater than L2. When the third loading unit 30C is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the work surface 3103 drives the sensing mechanism 29 to push the slider 18, moving it L3', and L3' is greater than L2'.

[0063] In this embodiment, the stapling surgical instrument 10 includes an axis assembly 20 and a loading unit 30, the axis assembly 20 includes a main body 221, a launching rod 23 and a sensing sleeve 24, the main body 221 surrounds the sensing sleeve 24, the sensing sleeve 24 directly surrounds the launching rod 23, the launching rod 23 surrounds the longitudinal axis x and has a notch 2212 at the distal end of the main body 221, the loading unit 30 includes an insertion part 36, the insertion part 36 includes a mounting boss 311 and a first lumen 3101 The loading unit 30 has a first lumen 3101 and a second lumen 3102, and the proximal end of the insertion portion 36 and the mounting boss 311 are separated by a constant first distance along the longitudinal axis x, and the first lumen 3101 and the second lumen 3102 have a boundary with each other. When the loading unit 30 is detachably attached to the shaft assembly 20, the insertion portion 36 is inserted into the notch 2212, the second lumen 3102 has a second dimension D2 and accommodates the distal end of the firing rod 23 and the sensing sleeve 24, and the first lumen 3101 has a first dimension D1 and accommodates the distal end of the firing rod 23. When the loading unit 30 rotates together with the shaft assembly 20, the firing rod 23 and the sensing sleeve 24 also rotate. The second lumen 3102 accommodates the distal ends of the firing rod 23 and the sensing sleeve 24. The firing rod 23 and the sensing sleeve 24 are positioned adjacent to each other, omitting other components between them to simplify the rotation of the shaft assembly 20. Although the different loading units 30 have different staple line lengths, the proximal end of the insertion section 36 and the mounting boss 311 are separated by a constant first distance along the longitudinal axis x. When the different loading units 30 are locked to the shaft assembly 20, each insertion section 36 can be fixed into the same notch 2212.

[0064] Different loading units 30 have different staple line lengths, the boundary between the first lumen 3101 and the second lumen 3102 defines the work surface 3103, and the mounting boss 311 and the work surface 3103 are separated by a second distance along the longitudinal axis x, the second distance being set according to the staple line length. In this way, when different loading units 30 are mounted on the shaft assembly 20, the work surface 3103 can identify the staple line length of the loading unit 30.

[0065] The stapling surgical instrument 10 further includes a handle assembly 11, the handle assembly 11 includes a control circuit 15 and a slider 18, the control circuit 15 includes a mounting sensing module 151, and the shaft assembly 20 further includes a sensing mechanism 29; when the loading unit 30 is mounted on the shaft assembly 20, the work surface 3103 drives the sensing mechanism 29 to push the slider 18, the mounting sensing module 151 senses the position of the slider 18, and the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the loading unit 30. Thus, if different loading units 30 have different staple line lengths, the work surface 3103 drives the sensing mechanism 29 to push the slider 18 to different positions and identifies the staple line length of the loading unit 30.

[0066] The handle assembly 11 further includes a drive assembly 14, the drive assembly 14 includes a rack 143, and the control circuit 15 further includes a stroke sensing module 152. When the loading unit 30 is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the control circuit 15 controls the drive assembly 14 to drive the firing rod 23, and the stroke sensing module 152 senses the displacement of the rack 143, causing the control circuit 15 to control the firing stroke of the loading unit 30. In this way, if different loading units 30 have different staple line lengths, the control circuit 15 can control the firing stroke of the loading unit 30.

[0067] The shaft assembly 20 further includes a bending control mechanism 27, and the loading unit 30 further includes a jaw assembly 32 and a second bending control rod 35, and the insertion portion 36 further has a narrow groove 312 which penetrates the side walls of the first lumen 3101 and the second lumen 3102, and the second bending control rod 35 is provided in the narrow groove 312, and when the loading unit 30 is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the bending control mechanism 27 can drive the second bending control rod 35 to achieve bending of the jaw assembly 32. In this way, the second bending control rod 35 can move in the narrow groove 312 without affecting the members in the first lumen 3101 and the second lumen 3102.

[0068] The shaft assembly 20 further includes a lock slider 281 and an elastic member 283. In the process of mounting the loading unit 30 to the shaft assembly 20, when the insertion portion 36 pushes the lock slider 281 to its proximal end position, the lock slider 281 allows the mounting boss 311 to rotate relative to the main body 221. When the elastic member 283 returns the lock slider 281 to its distal end position, the lock slider 281 prevents the mounting boss 311 from rotating relative to the main body 221. In this way, the loading unit 30 is locked to the shaft assembly 20.

[0069] The loading unit 30 is either a first loading unit 30A or a second loading unit 30B, and the mounting sensing module 151 has a first mounting sensing switch 1511A and a second mounting sensing switch 1511B, the staple line length of the first loading unit 30A is greater than the staple line length of the second loading unit 30B, and when the first loading unit 30A is mounted on the shaft assembly 20, the slider 18 activates the first mounting sensing switch 1511A but does not activate the second mounting sensing switch 1511B, causing the control circuit 15 to identify the staple line length of the first loading unit 30A, and when the second loading unit 30B is mounted on the shaft assembly 20, the slider 18 activates the second mounting sensing switch 1511B but does not activate the first mounting sensing switch 1511A, causing the control circuit 15 to identify the staple line length of the second loading unit 30B. In this way, the operation of the mounting sensing switch can identify the length of the staple line of the loading unit 30.

[0070] The stroke sensing module 152 has a first stroke sensing switch 1521A, a second stroke sensing switch 1521B, a third stroke sensing switch 1521C, and a fourth stroke sensing switch 1521D. When the first loading unit 30A is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the rack 143 activates the first stroke sensing switch 1521A in its initial position, the rack 143 moves a first displacement to activate the second stroke sensing switch 1521B, the rack 143 moves a second displacement to activate the third stroke sensing switch 1521C, the rack 143 moves a third displacement to activate the fourth stroke sensing switch 1521D, and the control circuit 15 controls the firing stroke of the first loading unit 30A. Thus, the activation of the stroke sensing switches can be used to control the firing stroke of the loading unit 30.

[0071] The loading unit 30 includes an insertion section 36, which has a mounting boss 311, a first lumen 3101, and a second lumen 3102, the proximal end of the insertion section 36 and the mounting boss 311 are separated by a certain first distance along the longitudinal axis x, and the first lumen 3101 and the second lumen 3102 have a boundary with each other, the loading unit 30 is detachably attached to the shaft assembly 20, the shaft assembly 20 has a main body 221, a firing rod 23, and The main body 221 includes a sensing sleeve 24, the sensing sleeve 24 directly encloses the firing rod 23, the firing rod 23 encloses the longitudinal axis x, and the main body 221 has a notch 2212 at its distal end, and when the insertion part 36 is inserted into the notch 2212, the second lumen 3102 has a second dimension D2 and accommodates the distal end of the firing rod 23 and the sensing sleeve 24, and the first lumen 3101 has a first dimension D1 and accommodates the distal end of the firing rod 23.

[0072] The loading unit 30 may have different staple line lengths, the boundary between the first lumen 3101 and the second lumen 3102 defines the working surface 3103, and the mounting boss 311 and the working surface 3103 are separated by a second distance along the longitudinal axis x, the second distance being set according to the staple line length.

[0073] This allows the stapling surgical instrument 10 to identify the staple line length of the loading unit 30 and control the firing stroke. When the first loading unit 30A is attached to the shaft assembly 20, the work surface 3103 drives the sensing mechanism 29 to push and move the slider 18, the mounting sensing module 151 senses the position of the slider 18, and the control circuit 15 identifies the staple line length of the first loading unit 30A as 60 mm. When the user presses the forward button 171, the control circuit 15 controls the drive assembly 14 to move the firing rod 23 distally, the stroke sensing module 152 senses the displacement of the rack 143, and the control circuit 15 controls the firing stroke of the loading unit 30. When the stroke sensing module 152 senses that the rack 143 has reached a third displacement, the control circuit 15 stops the drive assembly 14 from driving the movement of the firing rod 23. When the user releases the forward button 171, the control circuit 15 drives the drive assembly 14 to move the launch rod 23 to the proximal side. Selectively, when the user presses the reverse button 172, the control circuit 15 drives the drive assembly 14 to move the launch rod 23 to the proximal side. When the stroke sensing module 152 senses that the rack 143 has returned to its initial position, the control circuit 15 stops the drive assembly 14 from driving the launch rod 23 to move. When the first loading unit 30A is released from the shaft assembly 20, the second loading unit 30B or the third loading unit 30C can be attached to the shaft assembly 20 and act similarly.

[0074] The above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples to clearly illustrate the present invention and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other different forms of modifications or variations in addition to those described above. It is not possible to cover all embodiments here. Any amendments, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument for fastening, It includes a shaft assembly (20) and a loading unit (30), The shaft assembly (20) includes a main body (221), a firing rod (23), and a sensing sleeve (24), wherein the main body (221) surrounds the sensing sleeve (24), the sensing sleeve (24) directly surrounds the firing rod (23), the firing rod (23) surrounds the longitudinal axis, and the distal end of the main body (221) has a notch (2212). The loading unit (30) includes an insertion portion (36), the insertion portion (36) having a mounting boss (311), a first lumen (3101), and a second lumen (3102), wherein the proximal end of the insertion portion (36) and the mounting boss (311) are separated by a certain first distance along the longitudinal axis, and the first lumen (3101) and the second lumen (3102) have a boundary with each other. A stapling surgical instrument characterized in that, when the loading unit (30) is detachably attached to the shaft assembly (20), the insertion portion (36) is inserted into the notch (2212), the second lumen (3102) has a second dimension and accommodates the distal end of the firing rod (23) and the sensing sleeve (24), and the first lumen (3101) has a first dimension and accommodates the distal end of the firing rod (23).

2. The different loading units (30) have different staple line lengths. The boundary between the first lumen (3101) and the second lumen (3102) defines a working surface (3103), and the mounting boss (311) and the working surface (3103) are separated by a second distance along the longitudinal axis. The stapling surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the second distance is provided according to the length of the staple line.

3. The shaft assembly (20) further includes a handle assembly (11), the handle assembly (11) includes a control circuit (15) and a slider (18), the control circuit (15) includes a mounting sensing module (151), and the shaft assembly (20) further includes a sensing mechanism (29). The stapling surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that when the loading unit (30) is attached to the shaft assembly (20), the work surface (3103) drives the sensing mechanism (29) to push the slider (18), the mounting sensing module (151) senses the position of the slider (18), and the control circuit (15) identifies the staple line length of the loading unit (30).

4. The handle assembly (11) further includes a drive assembly (14), the drive assembly (14) includes a rack (143), and the control circuit (15) further includes a stroke sensing module (152). The stapling surgical instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that when the loading unit (30) is attached to the shaft assembly (20), the control circuit (15) controls the drive assembly (14) to drive the firing rod (23), and the stroke sensing module (152) senses the displacement of the rack (143) so that the control circuit (15) controls the firing stroke of the loading unit (30).

5. The shaft assembly (20) further includes a bending control mechanism (27), and the loading unit (30) further includes a jaw assembly (32) and a bending control rod (35). The insertion portion (36) further has a narrow groove (312), the narrow groove (312) penetrates the side walls of the first lumen (3101) and the second lumen (3102), and the bending control rod (35) is provided in the narrow groove (312). The stapling surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that when the loading unit (30) is attached to the shaft assembly (20), the bending control mechanism (27) can drive the bending control rod (35) to achieve bending of the jaw assembly (32).

6. The shaft assembly (20) further includes a lock slider (281) and an elastic member (283), In the process of attaching the loading unit (30) to the shaft assembly (20), when the insertion portion (36) pushes the lock slider (281) to the proximal end position, the lock slider (281) allows the mounting boss (311) to rotate relative to the main body portion (221). The stapling surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that when the elastic member (283) returns the lock slider (281) to its distal end position, the lock slider (281) prevents the mounting boss (311) from rotating relative to the main body (221).

7. The loading unit (30) is either a first loading unit (30A) or a second loading unit (30B), and the mounting sensing module (151) has a first mounting sensing switch (1511A) and a second mounting sensing switch (1511B). The staple line length of the first loading unit (30A) is greater than the staple line length of the second loading unit (30B). When the first loading unit (30A) is attached to the shaft assembly (20), the slider (18) activates the first mounting sensing switch (1511A) and, without activating the second mounting sensing switch (1511B), causes the control circuit (15) to identify the staple line length of the first loading unit (30A). The stapling surgical instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that when the second loading unit (30B) is attached to the shaft assembly (20), the slider (18) activates the first mounting sensing switch (1511A) and the second mounting sensing switch (1511B) to cause the control circuit (15) to identify the staple line length of the second loading unit (30B).

8. The stroke sensing module (152) includes a first stroke sensing switch (1521A), a second stroke sensing switch (1521B), a third stroke sensing switch (1521C), and a fourth stroke sensing switch (1521D). The stapling surgical instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that when the first loading unit (30A) is attached to the shaft assembly (20), the rack (143) activates the first stroke sensing switch (1521A) in its initial position, the rack (143) moves by a first displacement to activate the second stroke sensing switch (1521B), the rack (143) moves by a second displacement to activate the third stroke sensing switch (1521C), the rack (143) moves by a third displacement to activate the fourth stroke sensing switch (1521D), and the control circuit (15) controls the firing stroke of the first loading unit (30A).

9. A loading unit, The insert portion (36) includes an insertion portion (36) having a mounting boss (311), a first lumen (3101), and a second lumen (3102), wherein the proximal end of the insertion portion (36) and the mounting boss (311) are separated by a certain first distance along the longitudinal axis, and the first lumen (3101) and the second lumen (3102) have a boundary with each other. The loading unit is detachably attached to the shaft assembly (20), the shaft assembly (20) includes a main body (221), a launch rod (23), and a sensing sleeve (24), the main body (221) surrounds the sensing sleeve (24), the sensing sleeve (24) directly surrounds the launch rod (23), the launch rod (23) surrounds the longitudinal axis, and the main body (221) has a notch (2212) at its distal end. A loading unit characterized in that, when the insertion portion (36) is inserted into the notch (2212), the second lumen (3102) has a second dimension and accommodates the distal end of the firing rod (23) and the sensing sleeve (24), and the first lumen (3101) has a first dimension and accommodates the distal end of the firing rod (23).

10. Having different staple line lengths, The boundary between the first lumen (3101) and the second lumen (3102) defines a working surface (3103), and the mounting boss (311) and the working surface (3103) are separated by a second distance along the longitudinal axis. The loading unit according to claim 9, characterized in that the second distance is provided according to the length of the staple line.

Images