Information processing device, information processing method, and program

Abstract

This invention provides an information processing device, an information processing method, and a program that can more appropriately determine the bid volume for trading targets in markets dealing with adjustment power. [Solution] The information processing device includes a processing unit. The processing unit uses battery information, including the effective capacity of the battery, the amount of charge per unit time, and the amount of discharge per unit time, to calculate the charge and discharge energy amount based on the amount of charge and discharge energy. The processing unit uses the battery information and the charge and discharge energy amount to calculate the bid amount to be submitted to the supply and demand adjustment market.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to an information processing device, an information processing method, and a program. [Background technology]

[0002] In some cases, battery charging and discharging are used as demand resources to supply power adjustment capacity to electricity trading markets that deal with adjustment capabilities. In such cases, for example, the amount that can be supplied is determined based on the electricity demand estimated (forecasted) in advance and then put up for auction in the electricity market.

[0003] However, considering that the actual demand level is unknown, and that the required command value will not be known until the adjustment command timing, it may be necessary to take a margin and keep the bid volume low at the time of bidding the day before. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7377392 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2023 / 148918 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] The present invention aims to provide an information processing device, an information processing method, and a program that can more appropriately determine the bid volume for trading targets in markets that handle adjustment power. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The information processing apparatus according to the embodiment includes a processing unit. The processing unit calculates the charge-discharge power amount based on the charge power amount and the discharge power amount by using the battery information including the effective capacity of the storage battery, the charge power amount per unit time, and the discharge power amount per unit time. The bid amount for bidding in the supply-demand adjustment market is calculated by using the charge-discharge power amount battery information and the charge-discharge power amount.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0007] [Figure 1] A diagram showing an example of the power adjustment flow according to the requirements of the tertiary regulation power [2]. [Figure 2] A diagram showing an overview of the functions of the embodiment. [Figure 3] A block diagram of the information processing system according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] A diagram showing an example of the data structure of the bid condition information. [Figure 5] A diagram showing an example of the data structure of the battery information. [Figure 6] A diagram showing an example of the data structure of the demand estimation information. [Figure 7] A diagram showing an example of the data structure of the bid information. [Figure 8] A flowchart of the bid amount calculation process according to the embodiment. [Figure 9] A flowchart of the bid amount calculation process according to Modification 1. [Figure 10] A diagram showing an example of the control of the supply of the bid amount and the charge and discharge. [Figure 11] A diagram showing an example of the control of the supply of the bid amount and the charge and discharge. [Figure 12] A diagram showing an example of the control of the supply of the bid amount and the charge and discharge. [Figure 13] A diagram showing an example of the processing result according to the comparative example. [Figure 14] A diagram showing an example of the processing result according to the embodiment. [Figure 15] A hardware configuration diagram of the information processing apparatus according to the embodiment.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0008] A preferred embodiment of the information processing device according to this invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

[0009] Power adjustment capacity is traded, for example, in the supply and demand adjustment market. Here, we will explain the supply and demand adjustment market. The supply and demand adjustment market offers five types of products with different response times. The response time is the time from when a reduction command (also called a reduction request or downward DR command) is issued from a higher-level system such as DRAS (Demand Response Automation Server) until a response is made to the reduction command. Commands can be not only reductions (downward DR) but also increases (upward DR). The five types of products include primary adjustment capacity, secondary adjustment capacity[1], secondary adjustment capacity[2], tertiary adjustment capacity[1], and tertiary adjustment capacity[2].

[0010] For example, in the third adjustment force [2], the response time is within 45 minutes, the duration is the product block time (3 hours), and the command interval (command value change interval) is 30 minutes.

[0011] There are eight types of product blocks, for example, 0:00-3:00, 3:00-6:00, 6:00-9:00, ..., and 21:00-24:00. Each product block lasts for 3 hours. In the following text, product blocks may be referred to as adjustment time zones or DR time zones. Also, in the following text, product blocks may simply be referred to as blocks.

[0012] Since the command interval is 30 minutes, for example, in the case of a block from 15:00 to 18:00, command values ​​(reduction command values, etc.) are determined for each 30-minute time slot: 15:00-15:30, 15:30-16:00, 16:00-16:30, 16:30-17:00, 17:00-17:30, and 17:30-18:00.

[0013] The response time is the time interval from the command to the start of the adjustment period. If the response time is 45 minutes, for example, the reduction command value for the period from 15:00 to 15:30 will be determined by 14:15. If a supplier of adjustment power, such as an aggregator or consumer, does not receive a reduction command from the higher-level system 45 minutes prior, the command value will be considered 0 (the target value of the received power, as explained below, will be the reference value).

[0014] In the supply and demand adjustment market, it is assumed that the block length will be changed from 3 hours to 30 minutes, and the response time will be changed from 45 minutes to 60 minutes. Therefore, the following explanation will use the case where the block length is 30 minutes and the response time is 60 minutes as an example.

[0015] Furthermore, the following will mainly describe an example of bidding for tertiary adjustment capacity [2]. The same procedure can be applied to adjustment capacity such as secondary and tertiary adjustment capacity [1], which share the same concepts regarding response time, duration, and command interval.

[0016] Next, the flow of power adjustment in accordance with the requirements of tertiary adjustment capacity [2] will be explained using Figure 1. Figure 1 shows an example of the flow when power adjustment is carried out in accordance with the requirements of tertiary adjustment capacity [2] from 12:00 to 12:30. As shown in Figure 1, bidding and adjustments for tertiary adjustment capacity [2] are carried out in the following procedure. • Calculate the bidding volume for the third adjustment capacity [2] (S11) • The calculated bid amount was submitted around 10:00 the previous day. • The bid amount was settled the day before. • If an agreement is reached, the reference value will be calculated (S12) by 120 minutes prior to the end of the day (10:00 in the example in Figure 1), and the calculated reference value will be reported. • If the contract is finalized, a command (control command) will be received 60 minutes prior to the scheduled date (11:00 in the example in Figure 1) for usage between 0kWh and the agreed amount. • Upon receiving a command, battery adjustments will be performed between 12:00 and 12:30: calculation of the SoC (State of Charge) target value (S13), adjustment of the battery's SoC, battery control, etc.

[0017] Furthermore, upon receiving a command, consumers are required to adjust their received power to the target amount (= base value - command value). More precisely, if the difference between the received power and the target value of the received power (power target value) cannot be kept within the range shown in equation (1) below, consumers will be subject to a penalty. The base value - command value corresponds to the power target value. |Received Power - (Reference Value - Command Value)| ≤ 0.1 × Amount of Bids ···(1)

[0018] Therefore, if the bid volume is too high, the risk of failing to raise and / or lower the draft decision (DR). On the other hand, if the bid volume is too low, the appropriate incentive (determined based on the size of the bid volume multiplied by the bid price) will not be obtained. For this reason, it is desirable to estimate the bid volume more appropriately on or before the day in advance.

[0019] In this embodiment, the appropriate bid quantity is calculated with high accuracy by using a function that sets the reference value to a value greater than the estimated demand value.

[0020] The following describes an example in which a consumer who owns a battery bids for the downward adjustment capacity of the tertiary adjustment capacity [2] in the supply and demand adjustment market as a demand resource. The received power is calculated by the following equation (2). Received power = Demand + Charging power - Discharging power ... (2)

[0021] Furthermore, while demand fluctuates, it cannot be adjusted, and the scenario is assumed where the target value of received power (power target value) is achieved by adjusting the charging and discharging of the storage battery.

[0022] The functionality of this embodiment will be explained using Figure 2. In the example shown in Figure 2, the storage battery is assumed to have the following specifications. • Capacity: 320kWh ·Maximum discharge power: 200kWh / 30 minutes ·Maximum charging power: 200kWh / 30 minutes

[0023] In the simple method (comparative example), the estimated demand value is set as the baseline value, and the amount that can be supplied (adjustable range) for a 30-minute reduction in power output is 200 kWh, which corresponds to the amount of discharged power over 30 minutes. In other words, the bid amount is calculated to be 200 kWh.

[0024] In contrast, this embodiment has the following functions. (F1) Set the reference value to a value greater than the estimated demand value and utilize the charging and discharging of the storage battery. (F2) The SoC of the battery is pre-calibrated during the period between receiving the command and the start of the adjustment period.

[0025] (F1) means, for example, that charging is utilized when the command value is 0, and discharging is utilized when the command value is the maximum value. (F2) means that when the command value is 0, the SoC is adjusted to a relatively small target value by the time of supply and demand adjustment, and then charging is utilized, and when the command value is the maximum value, the SoC is adjusted to a relatively large target value by the time of supply and demand adjustment, and then discharging is utilized.

[0026] Based on these functions, namely the adjustment of the reference value and the adjustment of the battery's SoC, the maximum amount of supplyable is calculated as the bid amount. In the example in Figure 2, by performing (F1) and (F2), the adjustable range for the reduction adjustment capacity is expanded to a maximum of 400kWh. That is, the bid amount can be increased up to 400kWh. Thus, in this embodiment, it becomes possible to calculate a bid amount that exceeds the capacity of the battery.

[0027] Figure 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the information processing system 10 in the embodiment. As shown in Figure 3, the information processing system 10 has a configuration in which an information processing device 100 and a higher-level system 200 are connected by a network 300.

[0028] The information processing device 100 is, for example, a device managed by one customer. Although Figure 3 shows one information processing device 100, the information processing system 10 may include multiple information processing devices 100. For example, the information processing system 10 may include multiple information processing devices 100, each managed by a different customer.

[0029] Network 300 can be any type of network, but can be configured as, for example, the Internet. Network 300 can be a wired network, a wireless network, or a network that combines both wired and wireless connections.

[0030] The higher-level system 200 receives the bid amount for adjustment capacity calculated by the information processing device 100 and executes transactions in the supply and demand adjustment market, as well as issuing commands for power adjustments based on the agreed-upon adjustment capacity. The higher-level system 200 is, for example, a server system that realizes the power trading market (supply and demand adjustment market). The higher-level system 200 may also be a system that realizes an aggregator that bundles and manages multiple consumers (for example, DRAS). The aggregator includes an aggregation coordinator (AC) and a resource aggregator (RA), etc.

[0031] The information processing device 100 includes a storage unit 150, a storage battery 141, an acquisition unit 101, an output control unit 102, an estimation unit 111, a bid amount calculation unit 112, a reference value calculation unit 121, a target value calculation unit 122, and a storage battery control unit 131.

[0032] The memory unit 150 stores various types of information used by the information processing device 100. For example, the memory unit 150 stores bidding condition information 151, battery information 152, demand estimation information 153, bidding information 154, reference value information 155, command information 156, and target value information 157.

[0033] The storage unit 150 can be composed of any commonly used storage medium, such as flash memory, memory cards, RAM (Random Access Memory), HDD (Hard Disk Drive), and optical discs.

[0034] Some or all of the information stored in the memory unit 150 may be stored in physically different storage media, or in different storage areas of the physically same storage media.

[0035] The information stored in the memory unit 150 will now be explained. Figure 4 shows an example of the data structure of the bidding condition information 151. The bidding condition information 151 is information specified by, for example, a user.

[0036] As shown in Figure 4, the bidding condition information 151 includes the bidding date, bidding period, bidding period, bidding unit, minimum bidding time interval, maximum bid quantity, minimum bid quantity, and tolerance for demand variation (k).

[0037] The bidding date refers to the day on which the bidding takes place. The bidding date does not need to be set as a specific date (for example, set as year, month, and day, such as 2024 / 7 / 10), but can be set in any other format. For example, the bidding date may be set by a classification indicating whether it is a weekday or a holiday (hereinafter referred to as the weekday / holiday classification).

[0038] The bidding window indicates the time period during which bidding is permitted. In the example in Figure 4, the bidding window is set to 8:00-20:00. Combined with the bidding unit (30 minutes in the example in Figure 4), this results in 24 blocks of bids available, from 8:00-8:30 to 19:30-20:00 (hereinafter referred to as "bidding blocks"). As long as the bidding blocks can be determined, the data structure of the bidding condition information 151 is not limited to the example in Figure 4.

[0039] The bidding condition information 151 does not necessarily have to include all of the items shown in Figure 4. For example, the "non-bidding time slot" is used when it is possible to specify blocks that cannot be bid on. The non-bidding time slot represents the time period during which bidding is not possible. Blocks included in the non-bidding time slot (7:00~9:00 in the example in Figure 4) are excluded from the blocks that can be bid on.

[0040] If a customer uses the battery 141 as a resource for adjustment power and places a bid, there is a risk that the battery 141's capacity will become insufficient if bids are placed in consecutive blocks. The minimum bidding time interval (e.g., 30 minutes) is used to ensure charging time in anticipation of such situations. For example, to ensure that there is at least a 30-minute gap between bidding blocks, the minimum bidding time interval is set to 30 minutes. This means that, for example, even if bids are placed from 11:00 to 11:30 and from 12:00 to 12:30, and both blocks are settled with a downdraft response (DR), charging from 11:30 to 12:00 will prevent capacity shortages in both blocks.

[0041] As shown in Figure 4, the bidding condition information 151 may include the maximum bid amount (maximum bid amount) and the minimum bid amount (minimum bid amount) for each block. The bidding condition information 151 may also include a value k representing the tolerance for demand variability.

[0042] Figure 5 shows an example of the data structure of battery information 152. Battery information 152 represents the specifications of the battery 141 owned by the customer. Battery information 152 is information specified by, for example, the user.

[0043] As shown in Figure 5, the battery information 152 includes the bidding date, effective capacity, maximum charge energy per 30 minutes (charge energy per unit time), and maximum discharge energy per 30 minutes (discharge energy per unit time). 30 minutes corresponds to the unit time of the bidding. The battery information 152 does not have to include the bidding date. That is, the battery information 152 only needs to include at least the effective capacity of the battery 141, the amount of charge energy possible per bidding unit time, and the amount of discharge energy possible per bidding unit time. Hereafter, the effective capacity of the battery 141 may be represented as C (kWh), the discharge energy as d (kWh / 30 min), and the charge energy as c (kWh / 30 min).

[0044] If the maximum charge power and maximum discharge power differ depending on the SoC at the start of charging and discharging of the battery 141, values ​​corresponding to the SoC category at the start of charging and discharging may be registered in the battery information 152. If the battery 141 is used for other purposes such as Business Continuity Planning (BCP), the minimum and maximum capacity values ​​within the controllable SoC range of the battery 141 may be registered in the battery information 152. In this case, the value of maximum - minimum corresponds to the effective capacity. Hereafter, effective capacity may simply be referred to as capacity.

[0045] Figure 6 shows an example of the data structure of the demand estimation information 153. Demand is a value that can be expressed, for example, as: Demand per unit time = (Power received per unit time) - Charged energy + Discharged energy. In other words, the demand per unit time is obtained by correcting the power received per unit time by the charged and discharged energy.

[0046] The demand estimation information 153 may be estimated by the estimation unit 111, or it may be estimated by a device other than the information processing device 100. In the latter case, the information processing device 100 does not need to include the estimation unit 111.

[0047] Demand estimation information 153 includes the estimated demand for each unit time (time) of the block that was bid on and agreed upon, as well as a value indicating the variability of the estimate (such as the standard deviation of the estimation error).

[0048] Demand estimates can be obtained, for example, by estimating them from actual demand values ​​for one or more past dates. Any method can be used to estimate the demand, but for example, the baseline calculation method shown below can be applied. • A standard baseline called High4of5 (adjustments may be made on the day). • Pre- and post-baseline ·Equivalent date employment method

[0049] The method for estimating demand can be a regression method using actual demand values ​​and weather forecast values ​​such as temperature.

[0050] The variability value (hereinafter referred to as the variability value) represents the degree of deviation between the estimated demand and the actual demand. The variability value (degree of deviation) can be expressed in any format, but for example, it can be expressed as RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error). RMSE can be interpreted as the standard deviation of the estimation error of the estimated demand. For example, the variability value is calculated using the RMSE between the estimated demand and the actual demand for a specified period in the past (e.g., 30 days).

[0051] The period for estimating demand may be specified along with the weekday / holiday classification. For example, if weekdays are specified in the weekday / holiday classification and a 30-day period is specified, the variability value will be calculated using data from the past 30 weekdays. The period may also be limited by excluding predetermined days (singular days) or days set by the user.

[0052] Figure 7 shows an example of the data structure of the bidding information 154. The bidding information 154 includes the bid amount for each unit time (time, e.g., 30 minutes) of the block. The bidding information 154 is information that includes the bid amount calculated by the bid amount calculation unit 112.

[0053] If the block (time) to be bid on is fixed, the bid information 154 may be a data structure that does not include the time, but includes information representing the bid amount (e.g., "down bid: 400kWh"). If the bid amount spans multiple blocks, there may be multiple outputs.

[0054] The reference value information 155 is information that includes the reference value calculated by the reference value calculation unit 121. The reference value information 155 is represented, for example, as "1440kWh". For example, consider a case where 400kWh was bid on the previous day for the 12:00-12:30 block and 400kWh was contracted. If a contract is made, the information processing device 100 needs to calculate the reference value, for example, two hours in advance (10:00), and transmit it to the higher-level system 200. For example, for 12:00-12:30, the reference value "1440kWh" is transmitted to the higher-level system 200.

[0055] Command information 156 is information representing a command that will be sent from the higher-level system 200 to the information processing device 100 when a contract is concluded. Command information 156 is expressed as, for example, “Reduction command 400kWh”. If a contract is concluded for the 12:00-12:30 block as described above, the higher-level system 200 will send a command to the information processing device 100 one hour in advance (11:00). For example, for 12:00-12:30, a command in the format “Reduction command 400kWh” will be sent from the higher-level system 200.

[0056] Furthermore, upon receiving such a command, the consumer (information processing device 100) is required to adjust the power received during the time period in which the command was received to a power target value 400 kWh lower than the standard value (strictly speaking, an error of ±10% is permitted, as shown in equation (1) above).

[0057] In other words, the information processing device 100 (for example, the target value calculation unit 122) calculates the power target value for 12:00 to 12:30 as follows: power target value = reference value - reduction command value.

[0058] If the block duration is longer than the unit time (for example, if the block duration is 3 hours and the unit time is 30 minutes), the reference value, reduction command value, and power target value may be given for each unit time.

[0059] The target value information 157 includes information that includes a target value (charge / discharge target value) for the charge / discharge state of the battery 141. For example, the target value information 157 includes the SoC target value calculated by the target value calculation unit 122 as the charge / discharge target value. The SoC target value is expressed as a pair, for example, a time and a power value that is the target value for the SoC. If the battery 141 is highly functional and can keep up with the SoC target value, the SoC target value may be given for a time shorter than the unit time of the block (e.g., 30 minutes). Also, the charge / discharge state is not limited to the SoC, but may be the amount of charge and discharge at regular intervals (e.g., 1 minute).

[0060] For example, if a power reduction command of 400kWh is received between 12:00 and 12:30, it is considered necessary to discharge during this time. Therefore, the SoC target value at 12:00 needs to be set high. On the other hand, if the power reduction command value is 0kWh between 12:00 and 12:30, charging may be necessary during this time. In such cases, the SoC target value at 12:00 needs to be set low.

[0061] These SoC target values ​​change moment by moment due to changes in estimated demand values, etc. Therefore, the target value information 157 may be structured in a way that allows it to be updated at any time and overwritten sequentially.

[0062] Returning to the explanation of Figure 3, the battery 141 corresponds to a battery owned by the consumer. The battery 141 can be any type of battery. The battery 141 does not need to be located inside the information processing device 100; it may be located outside the information processing device 100. In this case, the battery 141 is connected to the information processing device 100 by a communication line or the like so that it can be controlled by the battery control unit 131.

[0063] The acquisition unit 101 acquires various types of information used by the information processing device 100. For example, the acquisition unit 101 acquires bidding condition information 151 and battery information 152 entered by users, etc. The acquisition unit 101 also receives command information 156 from the higher-level system 200.

[0064] The method by which the acquisition unit 101 acquires information can be any method, but for example, it can be a method of receiving information from an external device via a network, or a method of reading information from a storage medium.

[0065] The estimation unit 111 calculates an estimated demand value using demand estimation parameters and power history data, and creates demand estimation information 153 including the calculated estimated value. The demand estimation parameters include, for example, the estimation method and the period of data used for estimation (how many days of past data to use, how many hours of past data to use, etc.). The power history data includes, for example, the received power (actual value), charging and discharging power, and weekday / holiday classification for each past date. The estimation method for the estimated demand value using past data (power history) can be any method.

[0066] The bid amount calculation unit 112 calculates the bid amount for adjustment capacity using the bid condition information 151, battery information 152, and demand estimation information 153, and creates bid information 154 that includes the calculated bid amount. For example, the bid amount calculation unit 112 calculates the charge / discharge energy amount based on the charge energy amount c and discharge energy amount d included in the battery information 152. The charge / discharge energy amount is, for example, a value based on the sum of the charge energy amount c and the discharge energy amount d. The value based on the sum may be the sum itself, or it may be a value obtained by performing a predetermined operation (such as multiplication by a coefficient) on the sum. For example, the value based on the sum may be a value obtained by multiplying c+d by a predetermined safety factor (e.g., 0.8), and a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined buffer energy amount (e.g., 80kWh) from c+d. Alternatively, the value based on the sum may be a value obtained by subtracting a value representing the variation in demand from c+d, as described later. The bid amount calculation unit 112 uses the battery information 152 and the charge / discharge energy amounts to calculate the bid amount to be placed in the power supply and demand adjustment market. For example, in the comparative example, the bid amount is calculated considering only the discharge energy amount, but in this embodiment, the bid amount is calculated using the charge / discharge energy amounts based on both the charge energy amount c and the discharge energy amount d. This makes it possible to determine the bid amount more appropriately.

[0067] For example, the bid amount calculation unit 112 calculates the bid amount as the larger of the capacity included in the battery information 152 and the calculated charge / discharge power amount. If there is a fluctuation (error) in the estimated demand (power demand) in the customer system equipped with the battery 141, the bid amount calculation unit 112 calculates the bid amount by subtracting a value representing the error in the estimated demand from the larger of the capacity included in the battery information 152 and the calculated charge / discharge power amount. The value representing the error in the estimated demand is, for example, a value representing the variability of the demand (such as the standard deviation of the estimation error). The value representing the error in the estimated demand may also be a value obtained by multiplying the value representing the variability of the demand by the tolerance of the variability k.

[0068] In the example shown in Figure 3, the information processing device 100 corresponds to a customer system equipped with a battery 141. As described in Modification 2, for example, if an aggregator that manages multiple customers together corresponds to the information processing device 100, then the systems managed by each of the multiple customers correspond to the customer systems.

[0069] Depending on the value representing the variation in demand, it may not be desirable to bid on adjustment capacity. Therefore, the bid amount calculation unit 112 may be equipped with a function to determine whether or not a bid can be made by considering the value representing the variation in demand. For example, the bid amount calculation unit 112 may determine that a bid cannot be made in the supply and demand adjustment market if the smaller of the capacity included in the battery information 152 and the calculated charge / discharge power amount is smaller than the value representing the error in the estimated demand.

[0070] The reference value calculation unit 121 uses the battery information 152 and the demand estimation information 153 to create reference value information 155. For example, if the bid amount is an amount that indicates a decrease in electricity demand (a bid for downward adjustment capacity), the reference value calculation unit 121 calculates a reference value which is the sum of the estimated demand and the value based on the contracted amount relative to the bid amount.

[0071] The value based on the contracted quantity is, for example, contracted quantity / 2 if the demand variation can be considered the same in the positive and negative directions. Also, if, for example, the charging energy c and the discharging energy d are different, the value based on the contracted quantity may be biased as (c × contracted quantity) / (c + d).

[0072] If the bid amount is an amount that indicates an increase in electricity demand (a bid for upward adjustment capacity), the reference value calculation unit 121 calculates a reference value which is obtained by subtracting a value based on the contracted amount relative to the bid amount from the estimated demand.

[0073] Furthermore, if the command value is 0, it is assumed that the amount of power received will be increased by charging by an amount equivalent to (c × contracted amount) / (c + d), and if the maximum reduction command is received, it is assumed that the amount of power received will be decreased by discharging by an amount equivalent to (d × contracted amount) / (c + d).

[0074] The target value calculation unit 122 uses the demand estimation information 153 and the command information 156 to calculate the charge / discharge target value (SoC target value) and creates target value information 157 that includes the calculated SoC target value. For example, the target value calculation unit 122 calculates the SoC target value after receiving a command to adjust power, which is determined based on the bid amount.

[0075] More specifically, the target value calculation unit 122 calculates the SoC target value using the following procedure. First, the target value calculation unit 122 calculates the power target value using the power adjustment command value indicated in the command information 156. For example, the target value calculation unit 122 calculates the power target value using the formula: Power Target Value = Reference Value - Reduction Command Value. Next, the target value calculation unit 122 determines to charge the battery 141 if the power target value is greater than the estimated demand value, and to discharge the battery 141 if the power target value is less than the estimated demand value. Then, the target value calculation unit 122 calculates the SoC target value such that the SoC target value when it is determined to charge is smaller than the SoC target value when it is determined to discharge. Details of the SoC target value calculation procedure will be described later.

[0076] The battery control unit 131 controls the charging and discharging of the battery 141 using the SoC target value included in the target value information 157. For example, the battery control unit 131 controls the charging and discharging of the battery 141 so that it reaches the charge state indicated by the SoC target value before the period for adjusting the power in response to a command.

[0077] The output control unit 102 controls the output of various types of information used by the information processing device 100. The method of outputting the information can be any method, but for example, it can be displayed on a display device or transmitted to an external device via a network.

[0078] For example, the output control unit 102 outputs the bid amount calculated by the bid amount calculation unit 112 and the reference value calculated by the reference value calculation unit 121 to the host system 200. The output control unit 102 may also output the bid amount, reference value, and target value calculated by the target value calculation unit 122 to a display device such as a display.

[0079] At least a portion of each of the above components (acquisition unit 101, output control unit 102, estimation unit 111, bid amount calculation unit 112, reference value calculation unit 121, target value calculation unit 122, and battery control unit 131) may be implemented by one or more processing units. Each of the above components may be implemented by, for example, one or more processors. For example, each of the above components may be implemented by having a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) execute a program, i.e., by software. Each of the above components may be implemented by a processor such as a dedicated IC (Integrated Circuit), i.e., by hardware. Each of the above components may be implemented by using both software and hardware. When multiple processors are used, each processor may implement one of the above components, or two or more of the above components.

[0080] Furthermore, the information processing device 100 may be composed of one physical device or multiple physical devices. For example, the information processing device 100 may be built on a cloud environment. Also, each part of the information processing device 100 may be distributed and provided on multiple devices.

[0081] Next, the bid amount calculation process by the information processing device 100 of the embodiment will be described. Figure 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the bid amount calculation process in the embodiment. Note that Figure 8 corresponds to the process of calculating the optimal bid amount for one or more bidable blocks. A configuration that calculates the bid amount considering the relationships between multiple blocks (modification 1) will be explained using Figure 9.

[0082] Below, for simplicity, it is assumed that 2C < c + d. Also, parameters regarding the variation of the estimated demand value are expressed as follows. · Standard deviation of the estimation error of the estimated demand value: σ · Tolerance of demand variation: k

[0083] The estimation unit 111 acquires an unprocessed bid-able block (hereinafter referred to as block t) among the bid-able blocks (step S101). As described above, the bid-able blocks can be determined from, for example, the bid-able time zone and the bid unit included in the bid condition information 151.

[0084] The estimation unit 111 calculates the estimated value of demand and the standard deviation σ of the estimation error of the estimated value for the acquired block t (step S102).

[0085] The bid quantity calculation unit 112 determines whether the condition max(C, c + d) ≥ k × σ is satisfied (step S103). If the condition is satisfied (step S103: Yes), the bid quantity calculation unit 112 calculates the bid quantity r t as r t = max(C, c + d) - k × σ (step S104). If the condition is not satisfied (step S103: No), the bid quantity calculation unit 112 calculates the bid quantity r t as r t = 0 (step S105). The bid quantity rt corresponds to the bid quantity (supplyable quantity) of the target block t.

[0086] The bid quantity calculation unit 112 determines whether all bid-able blocks have been processed (step S106). If not all bid-able blocks have been processed (step S106: No), it returns to step S101 and the process is repeated for the next unprocessed bid-able block.

[0087] If all bid-able blocks have been processed (step S106: Yes), the output control unit 102 outputs the bid quantity calculated for each bid-able block (step S107) and ends the bid quantity calculation process.

[0088] Note that the tolerance k is determined in consideration of the margin allowed for max(C, c + d) corresponding to the maximum capacity of the applicable storage battery 141. For example, when taking the variation of ±2σ as the margin, k = 4.

[0089] An example of calculating the bidding quantity will be described. For example, when c = d = 200 kWh and C = 320 kWh, if the variation of the estimated value of demand is σ = 0, the bidding quantity calculation unit 112 sets r t = max(C, c + d) = 400 as the bidding quantity r t and calculates it. With the same c, d, and C, if the variation of the estimated value of demand is σ = 50 and k = 4, the bidding quantity calculation unit 112 sets r t = 400 - 4×50 = 200 as the bidding quantity r t and calculates it. With the same c, d, and C, if the variation of the estimated value of demand is σ = 120 and k = 4, then max(C, c + d) - k×σ = 400 - 4×120 < 0, so bidding is not possible, and the bidding quantity calculation unit 112 sets the bidding quantity r t to 0 and calculates it.

[0090] (Modified Example 1) Next, a configuration for calculating the bidding quantity considering the relationship between multiple blocks will be described. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of the bidding quantity calculation process of Modified Example 1 configured as such.

[0091] Modified Example 1 can be interpreted as a configuration in which, when it is possible to bid on multiple blocks, the bidding quantity calculation unit 112 optimizes the bidding quantity for the entire multiple blocks. When it is possible to bid on multiple blocks, if bidding on consecutive blocks (biddable blocks), the possibility of the storage battery running out of capacity increases. Therefore, for example, it is desirable to calculate the bidding quantity for each of the multiple blocks in consideration of the minimum bidding time interval (e.g., 30 minutes).

[0092] In Modification 1, for example, the bid amount calculation unit 112 calculates the bid amount for each of multiple blocks using the bidding conditions between multiple blocks, each containing one or more bid unit times. If the bid unit time and the block length are the same (for example, both are 30 minutes), then each of the multiple blocks contains one unit time. The bidding conditions are, for example, the minimum bid time interval included in the bidding condition information 151.

[0093] Steps S201 to S206 in Figure 9 are the same as steps S101 to S106 in Figure 8. That is, the bid amount r for each of the multiple blocks t t The calculation is the same as in the above embodiment.

[0094] In the modified example 1, the bid amount calculation unit 112 calculates multiple bid amounts r t The variable x is used to indicate whether or not to bid on block t. t The variable x is calculated (step S207). For example, the bid amount calculation unit 112 solves the optimization problem shown in equation (3) below, which maximizes the sum of the bid amounts for all blocks t, and calculates the variable x t Calculate.

number

[0095] T represents the set of bid-available blocks. For simplicity, here we assume that consecutive time periods correspond to multiple bid-available blocks. t This variable is 1 if a bid is made on block t, and 0 if no bid is made. t This is the bid amount when bidding on block t.

[0096] Equation (3) represents the objective function for maximizing the bid amount. Note that each block has a value c that corresponds to the electricity unit price. t If it is defined, then the “r” in the objective function of equation (3) t x t " to "r t c t x tThe objective function may be replaced with ". An optimization problem using such an objective function corresponds to an optimization problem that maximizes the profit when all trades are executed. Furthermore, the execution probability p t If it is defined, then the “r” in the objective function of equation (3) t x t " to "r t c t p t x t An objective function in which this is replaced may also be used. An optimization problem using such an objective function corresponds to an optimization problem that maximizes the expected value of the profit.

[0097] The second line of equation (3) represents the condition not to bid on two consecutive bidable blocks (t, t+1). The third line of equation (3) represents the variable x t This constraint indicates that the value must be either 0 or 1.

[0098] If the minimum bidding time interval is greater than 30 minutes and an interval of S × 30 minutes (where S is an integer greater than or equal to 2) is required, the second line of equation (3) may be replaced with equation (4) below.

number

[0099] Let's return to the description of the embodiment (which can also be applied to Modification 1). The fact that the bid amount calculated as described above is available will be explained below. For example, if we ignore the variation in demand, the amount available for supply when responding to downward demand response (DR) with discharge alone is generally min(C,d). The comparative example shown in Figure 2 corresponds to an example configured in this way. In the comparative example in Figure 2, min(C,d) = min(320,200) = 200kWh is the available amount (adjustable range).

[0100] In this embodiment, the bid amount r t is, r t It is calculated using the formula =max(C,c+d)-k×σ. Below, the bid amount r calculated in this way is... t We will explain that it is possible to supply it. tThis can be calculated using either the procedure of the above embodiment or the modified example 1.

[0101] In this embodiment, by appropriately calculating the reference value and the SoC target value, the calculated bid amount r t It will be possible to supply the following. Therefore, in the following, the bidding quantity r t This document describes the procedure for calculating the standard values ​​and SoC target values ​​necessary to make the product available for supply.

[0102] Since the bid amount is often equal to the contracted amount, we will assume that the bid amount equals the contracted amount below. If the contracted amount < bid amount, the same discussion can be applied below by using the contracted amount instead of the bid amount.

[0103] Furthermore, since downward DRs are dominant in the supply and demand adjustment market, the following explanation will focus on the case of downward DRs. In the case of upward DRs, the same argument can be applied by reversing the sign in the following discussion.

[0104] First, let's explain the procedure for calculating the reference value. As described above, in this embodiment, the reference value is calculated to be a value greater than the estimated demand, rather than the same value as the estimated demand. For example, in the case of a downward DR, the reference value calculation unit 121 calculates a reference value that is the sum of the estimated demand and the value based on the contracted amount relative to the bid amount.

[0105] Next, the procedure for calculating the SoC target value will be described in detail. In this embodiment, the target value calculation unit 122 calculates the SoC target value using the time from when the command is received until the adjustment time period (block) begins.

[0106] Simply put, if the power target value during the adjustment period = reference value - command value is smaller than the estimated demand value, the battery will discharge. Therefore, the target value calculation unit 122 calculates the SoC target value using SoC target value = C. Also, if the power target value is larger than the estimated demand value, the battery will charge, so the target value calculation unit 122 calculates the SoC target value using SoC target value = 0.

[0107] Since the discharge power is d and the charge power is c, the target value calculation unit 122 may calculate d as the SoC target value in the former case (when the power target value is smaller than the estimated demand value) and "Cc" as the SoC target value in the latter case (when the power target value is larger than the estimated demand value).

[0108] If both charging and discharging are possible, the target value calculation unit 122 may calculate a value equivalent to the midpoint of the two SoC target values ​​for both discharging and charging as the SoC target value. For example, the target value calculation unit 122 may calculate SoC target value = C / 2.

[0109] Next, we will explain that it is possible to supply the bid amount by using the reference value and SoC target value calculated as described above. The ability to supply the bid amount is explained by the fact that it is possible to achieve the power target value calculated based on the reference value set based on the bid amount and the command value which is unknown until the command timing.

[0110] The following three specific examples (E1) to (E3) will be explained. (E1) When there is no variation in demand: Variation = 0 kWh (E2) When there is demand variation and either charging or discharging is utilized: Variation = ±50kWh (E3) When there is demand variation and both charging and discharging are utilized: Variation: ±160kWh

[0111] To demonstrate that the power target can be achieved regardless of the command value, it is sufficient to explain that the power target can be achieved at both the minimum and maximum command values. Therefore, in each specific example, it is explained that the power target can be achieved in two cases: when the command value is the minimum value (0 kWh reduction) and when the command value is the maximum value.

[0112] Furthermore, each specific example is an example of the situation described below. • DR time slot 12:00~12:30 • Calculation time of the reference value: 10:30 ·Command time 11:00 • Bids will be placed on the downward adjustment capacity as of the previous day. • Battery 141 capacity C = 320kWh • Charge / discharge power capacity 400kW (maximum 200kWh in 30 minutes): i.e., c=d=200kWh • Estimated demand during DR time zone: 1000 kWh

[0113] First, let's explain (E1). Figure 10 shows an example of supplying the bid amount and controlling the charge / discharge in the case of (E1).

[0114] At 10:00 the previous day, the bid amount calculation unit 112 calculates 400kWh as the bid amount, which is the larger of the capacity C and the charge / discharge power amount (c+d). After this, it is assumed that the entire bid amount of 400kWh has been agreed upon.

[0115] In that case, the reference value calculation unit 121 calculates the reference value by 10:30 on that day. Here, the reference value calculation unit 121 calculates a reference value of 1200kWh, which is the sum of the estimated demand of 1000kWh and the value of 200kWh (a value based on the contracted amount) obtained by dividing the contracted amount of 400kWh by 2.

[0116] Next, a reduction command is sent at 11:00 AM on that day. We will now explain the case where the command value is the minimum value (0 kWh reduction) (Case C1).

[0117] In this case, the power target value is 1200 - 0 = 1200 (kWh). This power target value is greater than the estimated demand of 1000 (kWh), so charging is required during the adjustment period. For this reason, the target value calculation unit 122 sets the SoC target value at 12:00 to 0 (kWh). During the adjustment period from 12:00 to 12:30, the battery control unit 131 performs charging with a charge amount c = 200 kWh. As a result, the received power from 12:00 to 12:30 becomes received power = demand 1000 kWh + charge 200 kWh = 1200 kWh, achieving the power target value.

[0118] Next, we will explain the case where the command value is the maximum value (400kWh reduction) (Case C2). In this case, the power target value is 1200-400=800(kWh). This power target value is smaller than the estimated demand of 1000(kWh), so it is necessary to discharge during the adjustment period. For this reason, the target value calculation unit 122 sets the SoC target value at 12:00 to 320(kWh), which is the capacity C of the storage battery 141. During the adjustment period from 12:00 to 12:30, the storage battery control unit 131 discharges 200kWh. As a result, the received power from 12:00 to 12:30 becomes received power = demand 1000kWh - discharge 200kWh = 800kWh, and the power target value can be achieved.

[0119] As described above, by adjusting the SoC of battery 141 between the 11:00 command and the start of the DR time zone at 12:00, the power target value can be achieved for command values ​​that fluctuate within a range of up to 400kWh.

[0120] Next, we will explain (E2). Figure 11 shows an example of supplying bids and controlling charging and discharging in the case of (E2). In (E2), the difference from (E1) is that the demand variation is not zero, but ±50kWh. Note that 50kWh corresponds to the σ mentioned above.

[0121] At 10:00 the previous day, the bid amount calculation unit 112 calculates the bid amount as 300kWh by subtracting a value of 100kWh (=50kWh × 2), which represents the error in the estimated demand, from 400kWh, which is the larger of the capacity C and the charge / discharge power amount (c+d). Here, a tolerance k=2 is used. After this, it is assumed that the entire bid amount of 300kWh has been contracted.

[0122] In that case, the reference value calculation unit 121 calculates the reference value by 10:30 on that day. Here, the reference value calculation unit 121 calculates a reference value of 1150kWh, which is the sum of the estimated demand of 1000kWh and the value obtained by dividing the contracted amount of 300kWh by 2, which is 150kWh (a value based on the contracted amount).

[0123] Next, a reduction command is sent at 11:00 AM on that day. We will now explain the case where the command value is the minimum value (0 kWh reduction) (Case C1).

[0124] In this case, the power target value is 1150-0=1150(kWh). This power target value is greater than the estimated demand of 1000(kWh), so charging is necessary during the adjustment period. In the case of (E2), the power target value of 1150 does not fall below 1050, which is the sum of the estimated value of 1000 and the variation value of 50, so there is no need to discharge. For this reason, the target value calculation unit 122 sets the SoC target value at 12:00 to 0(kWh). During the adjustment period from 12:00 to 12:30, the battery control unit 131 charges the battery 141. In (E2), there is a variation of ±50kWh, so the demand may fluctuate from 950kWh to 1050kWh. However, even when the demand is 950kWh, which is the largest difference from the power target value, 200kWh of charging can be performed. Then, the power received between 12:00 and 12:30 will be: Power received = Demand 950kWh + Charging 200kWh = 1150kWh, which will allow us to meet the power target.

[0125] If the demand is greater than 950kWh, the battery control unit 131 should charge the battery 141 such that the amount of power to be charged is the value obtained by subtracting the difference between the demand and 950kWh from 200kWh.

[0126] Next, we will explain the case where the command value is the maximum value (300kWh reduction) (Case C2). In this case, the power target value is 1150-300=850(kWh). This power target value is smaller than the estimated demand value of 1000(kWh), so it is necessary to discharge during the adjustment period. In the case of (E2), the power target value of 850 does not exceed 950, which is the estimated value of 1000 minus the variation value of 50, so there is no need to charge. For this reason, the target value calculation unit 122 sets the SoC target value at 12:00 to 320(kWh). During the adjustment period from 12:00 to 12:30, the battery control unit 131 discharges the battery 141. In (E2), there is a variation of ±50kWh, so the demand may fluctuate from 950kWh to 1050kWh. However, even when the demand is at its highest, at 1050kWh, it is still possible to discharge 200kWh. Then, the power received between 12:00 and 12:30 will be: Power received = Demand 1050kWh - Discharged 200kWh = 850kWh, thus achieving the power target.

[0127] As described above, by adjusting the SoC of battery 141 between the 11:00 command and the start of the DR time zone at 12:00, the power target value can be achieved for command values ​​that fluctuate within a range of up to 300 kWh.

[0128] Here, it is assumed that the demand variability can be estimated to some extent at 12:30, and that the battery 141 can adequately follow the variability. It is also assumed that the demand may fluctuate closer to the end of the DR period (12:30), and therefore, in the adjustment during the DR period, a control method may be adopted that brings the power level as close to the target value as possible.

[0129] Next, we will explain (E3). Figure 12 shows an example of supplying bids and controlling charging and discharging in the case of (E3). In (E3), the difference from (E1) is that the demand variation is not zero, but ±160kWh.

[0130] At 10:00 the previous day, the bid amount calculation unit 112 calculates the bid amount as 80kWh by subtracting a value of 320kWh (=160kWh × 2), which represents the error in the estimated demand, from 400kWh, which is the larger of the capacity C and the charge / discharge power amount (c+d). After this, it is assumed that the entire bid amount of 80kWh has been contracted.

[0131] In that case, the reference value calculation unit 121 calculates the reference value by 10:30 on that day. Here, the reference value calculation unit 121 calculates a reference value of 1040kWh, which is the sum of the estimated demand of 1000kWh and the value of 40kWh (a value based on the contracted amount) obtained by dividing the contracted amount of 80kWh by 2.

[0132] Next, a reduction command is sent at 11:00 AM on that day. We will now explain the case where the command value is the minimum value (0 kWh reduction) (Case C1).

[0133] In this case, the power target value is 1040-0=1040(kWh). This power target value is greater than the estimated demand value of 1000(kWh), and charging is necessary during the adjustment period, but there is also a possibility of discharge. In the case of (E3), the power target value of 1040 is smaller than 1160, which is the sum of the estimated value of 1000 and the variation value of 160. For this reason, the target value calculation unit 122 calculates the SoC target value with the policy of leaving some margin for discharge. The procedure for calculating the SoC target value when both charging and discharging are possible will be described later.

[0134] For example, the target value calculation unit 122 sets the SoC target value at 12:00 to 120 (kWh). During the adjustment period from 12:00 to 12:30, the battery control unit 131 charges or discharges the battery 141 according to the demand. In (E3), there is a variation of ±160 kWh, so the demand may fluctuate from 840 kWh to 1160 kWh.

[0135] When the demand reaches its minimum value of 840kWh, a 200kWh charge can be made. Then, the power received between 12:00 and 12:30 will be: Power received = Demand 840kWh + Charged 200kWh = 1040kWh, which is enough to meet the power target.

[0136] On the other hand, when the demand reaches its maximum of 1160kWh, a discharge of 120kWh can be performed. Then, the power received between 12:00 and 12:30 will be: Power received = Demand 1160kWh - Discharge 120kWh = 1040kWh, which allows the power target value to be achieved.

[0137] Next, we will explain the case where the command value is the maximum value (80kWh reduction) (Case C2). In this case, the power target value is 1040-80=960(kWh). This power target value is smaller than the estimated demand value of 1000(kWh), and it is necessary to discharge during the adjustment period, but there is also a possibility of charging. In the case of (E3), the power target value of 960 is larger than 840, which is the value obtained by subtracting the variation value of 160 from the estimated value of 1000. Therefore, the target value calculation unit 122 calculates the SoC target value with the policy of leaving some margin on the charging side.

[0138] For example, the target value calculation unit 122 sets the SoC target value at 12:00 to 200 (kWh). During the adjustment period from 12:00 to 12:30, the battery control unit 131 charges or discharges the battery 141 according to the demand. In (E3), there is a variation of ±160 kWh, so the demand may fluctuate from 840 kWh to 1160 kWh.

[0139] When the demand is at its minimum of 840kWh, 120kWh of charging can be performed. Then, the power received between 12:00 and 12:30 will be: Power received = Demand 840kWh + Charged 120kWh = 960kWh, which is enough to meet the power target.

[0140] On the other hand, when the demand reaches its maximum of 1160kWh, a discharge of 200kWh can be performed. Then, the power received from 12:00 to 12:30 will be: Power received = Demand 1160kWh - Discharge 200kWh = 960kWh, thus achieving the power target.

[0141] In cases where both charging and discharging are possible, as in (E3), the battery control unit 131 should discharge when the demand is greater than the power target value and charge when the demand is less than the power target value.

[0142] As described above, by adjusting the SoC of battery 141 between the 11:00 command and the start of the DR time zone at 12:00, the power target value can be achieved for command values ​​that fluctuate within a range of up to 80kWh.

[0143] Next, we will explain the procedure for calculating SoC target values ​​when both charging and discharging are possible.

[0144] First, when the power target value = reference value - command value, (i) If (Target Power Value - Variation Value) < Estimated Demand Value SoC target value ≥ minimum value, minimum value = estimated demand - (power target value - variation value) (ii) If (Target Power Value + Variation Value) > Estimated Demand SoC target value ≤ maximum value, maximum value = capacity C - {(power target value + variation value) - estimated demand value} The following conditions must be met.

[0145] If the minimum value is less than the maximum value, the SoC target value may take any value between the minimum and maximum values. For example, the SoC target value may be calculated as the average of the minimum and maximum values.

[0146] In example (E3), when the command value is at its minimum (Case C1), the power target value is 1040kWh, the variation value is 160kWh, and the estimated demand value is 1000kWh. Therefore, (1040-160)<1000, and condition (i) is satisfied. For this reason, the SoC target value must be 1000-(1040-160)=120kWh or more.

[0147] On the other hand, (1040+160)>1000, so condition (ii) is also satisfied. Therefore, the SoC target value must be 320-{(1040+160)-1000}=120kWh or less.

[0148] Therefore, the SoC target value must satisfy both conditions: 120kWh or more and 120kWh or less. In other words, the SoC target value is calculated to be 120kWh.

[0149] In (E3), if the command value is the maximum of 80kWh (Case C2), the power target value is 960kWh, the variation value is 160kWh, and the estimated demand value is 1000kWh. Therefore, (960-160)<1000, and condition (i) is satisfied. For this reason, the SoC target value must be 1000-(960-160)=200kWh or more.

[0150] On the other hand, (960 + 160 > 1000), so condition (ii) is also satisfied. Therefore, the SoC target value must be 320 - {(960 + 160) - 1000} = 200 kWh or less.

[0151] Therefore, the SoC target value must satisfy both conditions: 200kWh or more and 200kWh or less. In other words, the SoC target value is calculated to be 200kWh.

[0152] Next, examples of processing results (calculation of reference values, control of charging and discharging) will be described for each of the comparative examples and embodiments.

[0153] The comparative example is, • Bid reduction amount = d • Reference value of block t = Estimated demand value of block t • If the SoC needs to be discharged during the adjustment period, it will be charged by the start time. This is an example of adopting such a policy.

[0154] Figure 13 shows an example of processing results using a comparative example. The upper graph in Figure 13 shows the time series of demand 1301, received power 1302, reference value 1303, and power target value 1304, with time on the horizontal axis and 30-minute energy on the vertical axis. The lower graph in Figure 13 shows the time series of the SoC 1311 of the battery 141, or the 30-minute charge / discharge energy 1312, with time on the horizontal axis and the vertical axis. Note that a positive charge / discharge energy value represents charging, and a negative value represents discharge.

[0155] Figure 13 shows an example where an agreement was made with a 30-minute or 60-minute interval between daytime and nighttime. Figure 13 also shows an example where the maximum command value was received at some time points, and a command value of 0 was received at other times.

[0156] In the comparative example, the bid amount is d = 200 kWh. Once the baseline value and SoC target value are determined according to the above policy, in the comparative example, the charging and discharging of the battery is controlled so that it charges before the adjustment period and discharges during the adjustment period. Specifically, as shown by the line for received power 1302, it can be seen that all power target values ​​1304 are achieved as a result. Furthermore, as shown in the graph below, it can be seen that the SoC 1311 falls within the range of 0 to 320 kWh, and the charge / discharge power 1312 falls within the range of ±200 kWh.

[0157] Figure 14 shows an example of the processing results according to this embodiment. Similar to Figure 13, the upper graph shows the time series of demand 1401, received power 1402, reference value 1403, and power target value 1404. The lower graph shows the time series of the SoC 1411 of the storage battery 141, or the charge / discharge energy 1412 over 30 minutes.

[0158] In this embodiment, the bid amount is calculated, for example, as 400kWh using max(C,c+d). Once the reference value and SoC target value are determined using the method described in this embodiment, the charging and discharging of the battery is controlled so that charging and discharging are performed as necessary between the time of receiving the command and the start of the adjustment period, and also as necessary after the command is issued.

[0159] In this embodiment as well, as shown by the line for the received power 1402, it can be seen that all power target values ​​1404 are ultimately achieved. Furthermore, as shown in the graph below, it can be seen that the SoC 1411 falls within the range of 0 to 320 kWh, and the charge / discharge power 1412 falls within the range of ±200 kWh.

[0160] In this embodiment, the variation in charge / discharge energy 1412 is greater than that of the comparative example, meaning that charging and discharging are performed more finely. Furthermore, the range of variation of SoC 1411 is greater than that of SoC 1311 in the comparative example (the range of 0 to 320 kWh is used evenly), which is another difference from the comparative example.

[0161] (Modification 2) In the above embodiment, the calculation of bid amounts, etc., was performed by an information processing device 100 managed by a single customer. The information processing device 100 may also be a device (such as a server) managed by an aggregator that bundles multiple customers.

[0162] Modification 2 describes an example in which an information processing device 100 managed by an aggregator aggregates N customers (where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2). Each of the N customers manages a customer system equipped with a battery. In this modification, the information processing device 100 does not need to be equipped with a battery 141. The following describes how to calculate the bid amount, standard value, and SoC target value in this modification.

[0163] The method for calculating the bid amount as an aggregator follows the steps (A1) to (A4) below. (A1) The bid amount is calculated for each of the N customers using the same procedure as in Figure 8. Hereafter, the nth customer (where n is an integer satisfying 1 ≤ n ≤ N) may be referred to as customer n. For example, the bid amount calculation unit 112 calculates the bid amount r for customer n in each block t (e.g., 12:00~12:30). t,n to, r t,n The formula is calculated as =max(C,c+d)-k×σ. Note that C, c, d, and σ are values ​​defined for each customer n. (A2) The bid volume calculation unit 112 calculates the sum of the bid volumes of all customers and the bid volume r of block t. t Calculate as: r t =Σr t,n (Σ represents the sum of n=1 to N) (A3) The bid quantity calculation unit 112 is r t If negative, replace it with 0: r t If <0 then r t =0 (A4) When considering the relationships between multiple blocks, the same process as in Modification Example 1 (steps S206 and S207 in Figure 9) may be performed.

[0164] The method for calculating the baseline value as an aggregator will be explained. For example, the baseline value calculation unit 121 calculates a baseline value for each of the N consumers, and the sum of the N baseline values ​​calculated for the N consumers is used as the baseline value for the aggregator.

[0165] This section explains how to calculate the SoC target value. For example, in block t (e.g., 12:00~12:30), the entire aggregator y... t If a reduction command (kWh) is issued, the target value calculation unit 122 will determine y t By proportionally allocating this to the bid amount of each customer, the command value y of each customer's reduction command is determined. t,n The unit calculates the command value y of customer n. For example, the target value calculation unit 122 calculates the command value y of customer n. t,n to, y t,n =y t ×{r t,n / r t It is calculated using}. y t,n is 0 or greater than r t,nThe following is guaranteed: From here on, for each customer, the command value y t,n Using this method, the SoC target value is calculated and the charging and discharging of the battery is controlled in the same procedure as in the above embodiment.

[0166] As explained above, according to the embodiment, the bid volume for trading targets in markets dealing with adjustment power can be determined more appropriately.

[0167] Next, the hardware configuration of the information processing device of the embodiment will be described using Figure 15. Figure 15 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the information processing device of the embodiment.

[0168] The information processing device of this embodiment includes a control device such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 51, a storage device such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) 52 and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 53, a communication interface 54 that connects to a network for communication, and a bus 61 that connects each part.

[0169] The program to be executed in the information processing device of this embodiment is provided pre-installed in a ROM 52 or the like.

[0170] The program executed by the information processing device of this embodiment may be configured to be provided as a computer program product by recording it in an installable or executable file format onto a computer-readable recording medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory), a flexible disk (FD), a CD-R (Compact Disk Recordable), or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk).

[0171] Furthermore, the program executed by the information processing device of the embodiment may be stored on a computer connected to a network such as the Internet and provided by downloading it via the network. Alternatively, the program executed by the information processing device of the embodiment may be provided or distributed via a network such as the Internet.

[0172] The program executed in the information processing device of this embodiment can cause the computer to function as a component of the information processing device described above. This computer can read the program from a computer-readable storage medium onto the main memory and execute it using the CPU 51.

[0173] An example of the configuration of the embodiment is described below. (Configuration Example 1) Using battery information including the effective capacity of the battery, the amount of power charged per unit time, and the amount of power discharged per unit time, the charge and discharge power amounts are calculated based on the charge and discharge power amounts, and the bid amount to be submitted to the supply and demand adjustment market is calculated using the battery information and the charge and discharge power amounts. Processing section An information processing device equipped with the following features. (Configuration example 2) The charge / discharge energy is a value based on the sum of the charge energy and the discharge energy. The information processing device described in Configuration Example 1. (Configuration Example 3) The aforementioned processing unit, The bid amount is calculated to be the larger of the effective capacity and the charge / discharge energy amount. The information processing device described in Configuration Example 1. (Configuration example 4) The aforementioned processing unit, The bid amount is calculated by subtracting a value representing the error in the estimated power demand of the customer system equipped with the battery from the larger of the effective capacity and the charge / discharge power amount. The information processing device described in Configuration Example 1. (Configuration example 5) The aforementioned processing unit, If the smaller of the charge / discharge power amount and the effective capacity is smaller than the value representing the error in the estimated power demand of the customer system equipped with the battery, it is determined that the customer cannot bid in the supply and demand adjustment market. An information processing device as described in any one of Configuration Examples 1 to 4. (Configuration example 6) The aforementioned processing unit, After receiving a power adjustment command determined based on the aforementioned bid amount, the charge / discharge target value, which is the target value of the battery's charge state, is calculated. An information processing device as described in any one of Configuration Examples 1 to 5. (Configuration example 7) The aforementioned processing unit, Using the command value of the power to be adjusted as indicated in the command, the power target value, which is the target value of the power received by the customer system equipped with the battery, is calculated. If the power target value is greater than the estimated power demand in the customer system, it is determined to charge the battery; if the power target value is less than the estimated value, it is determined to discharge the battery. The target charge / discharge value when it is determined that charging should be performed is set to a value smaller than the target charge / discharge value when it is determined that discharging should be performed. The information processing device described in Configuration Example 5. (Configuration example 8) The aforementioned processing unit, Before the period for adjusting the power in accordance with the aforementioned command, the charging and discharging of the storage battery is controlled so that it reaches the charging state indicated by the charge / discharge target value. The information processing device described in Configuration Example 5. (Configuration example 9) The aforementioned processing unit, If the bid amount is an amount that indicates a decrease in electricity demand, a reference value is calculated by adding the estimated electricity demand in the customer system equipped with the battery and the value based on the contracted amount relative to the bid amount. If the bid amount indicates an increase in electricity demand, a baseline value is calculated by subtracting a value based on the contracted amount relative to the bid amount from the estimated electricity demand of the customer system equipped with the battery. An information processing device as described in any one of Configuration Examples 1 to 8. (Configuration example 10) The aforementioned processing unit The bid amount for each of the multiple blocks is calculated using bidding conditions between multiple blocks, each containing one or more of the aforementioned unit time. An information processing device as described in any one of Configuration Examples 1 to 9. (Configuration Example 11) An information processing method performed by an information processing device, A step of calculating the charge / discharge power amount based on the charge amount and the discharge amount, using battery information including the effective capacity of the battery, the amount of charge power per unit time, and the amount of discharge power per unit time. A step of calculating the amount of bids to be placed in the supply and demand adjustment market using the battery information and the amount of charge and discharge power, Information processing methods including (Configuration Example 12) On the computer, A step of calculating the charge / discharge power amount based on the charge amount and the discharge amount, using battery information including the effective capacity of the battery, the amount of charge power per unit time, and the amount of discharge power per unit time. A step of calculating the amount of bids to be placed in the supply and demand adjustment market using the battery information and the amount of charge and discharge power, A program to execute.

[0174] While several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be carried out in a variety of other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their variations are included in the scope and spirit of the invention, as well as in the claims of the invention and its equivalents. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0175] 10. Information Processing Systems 100 Information Processing Devices 101 Acquisition Department 102 Output Control Unit 111 Estimation Department 112 Bid Quantity Calculation Section 121 Reference Value Calculation Unit 122 Target Value Calculation Unit 131 Battery Control Unit 141 Storage Battery 150 Storage section 151 Bidding Conditions Information 152 Battery Information 153 Demand Estimation Information 154 Bidding Information 155 Reference Value Information 156 Command information 157 Target Value Information 200 higher-level systems 300 Networks

Claims

1. Using battery information including the effective capacity of the battery, the amount of power charged per unit time, and the amount of power discharged per unit time, the charge and discharge power amounts are calculated based on the amount of power charged and the amount of power discharged. Using the aforementioned battery information and the amount of charge and discharge power, the amount of bids to be submitted to the supply and demand adjustment market is calculated. Processing section An information processing device equipped with the following features.

2. The charge / discharge energy is a value based on the sum of the charge energy and the discharge energy. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

3. The aforementioned processing unit, The bid amount is calculated to be the larger of the effective capacity and the charge / discharge energy amount. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

4. The aforementioned processing unit, The bid amount is calculated by subtracting a value representing the error in the estimated power demand of the customer system equipped with the battery from the larger of the effective capacity and the charge / discharge power amount. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

5. The aforementioned processing unit, If the smaller of the charge / discharge power amount and the effective capacity is smaller than the value representing the error in the estimated power demand of the customer system equipped with the battery, it is determined that the customer cannot bid in the supply and demand adjustment market. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

6. The aforementioned processing unit, After receiving a power adjustment command determined based on the aforementioned bid amount, the charge / discharge target value, which is the target value of the battery's charge state, is calculated. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

7. The aforementioned processing unit, Using the command value of the power to be adjusted as indicated in the command, the power target value, which is the target value of the power received by the customer system equipped with the battery, is calculated. If the power target value is greater than the estimated power demand in the customer system, it is determined to charge the battery; if the power target value is less than the estimated value, it is determined to discharge the battery. The target charge / discharge value when it is determined that charging should be performed is set to a value smaller than the target charge / discharge value when it is determined that discharging should be performed. The information processing apparatus according to claim 6.

8. The aforementioned processing unit, Before the period for adjusting the power in accordance with the aforementioned command, the charging and discharging of the storage battery is controlled so that it reaches the charging state indicated by the charge / discharge target value. The information processing apparatus according to claim 6.

9. The aforementioned processing unit, If the bid amount is an amount that indicates a decrease in electricity demand, a reference value is calculated by adding the estimated electricity demand in the customer system equipped with the battery and the value based on the contracted amount relative to the bid amount. If the bid amount indicates an increase in electricity demand, a baseline value is calculated by subtracting a value based on the contracted amount relative to the bid amount from the estimated electricity demand of the customer system equipped with the battery. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

10. The aforementioned processing unit The bid amount for each of the multiple blocks is calculated using bidding conditions between multiple blocks, each containing one or more of the aforementioned unit time. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

11. An information processing method performed by an information processing device, A step of calculating the charge / discharge power amount based on the charge amount and the discharge amount, using battery information including the effective capacity of the battery, the amount of charge power per unit time, and the amount of discharge power per unit time. A step of calculating the amount of bids to be placed in the supply and demand adjustment market using the battery information and the amount of charge and discharge power, Information processing methods including

12. On the computer, A step of calculating the charge / discharge power amount based on the charge amount and the discharge amount, using battery information including the effective capacity of the battery, the amount of charge power per unit time, and the amount of discharge power per unit time. A step of calculating the amount of bids to be placed in the supply and demand adjustment market using the battery information and the amount of charge and discharge power, A program to execute.

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