Drainage unit

Abstract

To provide a drainage ditch unit that can prevent the accumulation of sand and mud in bridges without requiring frequent cleaning and maintenance. [Solution] A drainage channel unit for a steel drainage channel 1 that drains the road surface of a bridge, characterized in that it comprises (a) a drainage plate 20 having a bottom surface 24 through which drainage flows, a rising surface 23 that rises from the end of the bottom surface 24 and becomes the front wall, and a back surface 25 that rises from the end of the bottom surface 24 opposite to the rising surface 23, and having an opening 241 in the bottom surface 24; (b) an upper cover 10 that is detachably provided as a cover to be placed on the drainage plate 20 and has drainage holes 14 drilled in it; and (c) a drainage channel member 30 having a cylindrical part 32 provided below the opening 241 and an inverted truncated cone drainage channel 31 that connects the lower end of the opening 241 and the upper end of the cylindrical part 32.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a steel drainage gutter unit installed on the shoulder of a bridge for draining the road surface, and particularly to a drainage gutter unit at the end part connected to a drain pipe.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a steel drainage gutter unit is a hollow unit arranged continuously side by side on the shoulder of a roadway or the like for draining water. The drainage gutter unit has an end part provided at a position where a drain pipe is installed, and a general water passage part for guiding drainage toward the end part. A large number of continuously arranged general water passage parts and end parts, or only the end part or only the general water passage part, are collectively referred to as the drainage gutter unit. The end part is provided with holes at the bottom for draining water not only inside but also at the lower part. In order to drain a large amount of rainwater or the like, there is also known an end part in which the main body of the end part and the end pipe are configured separately and leakage of water between the main body and the end pipe can be suppressed by a connecting member (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

[0004] In bridges, the road surface is often provided with an inclination so as to gently lower toward both ends of the bridge. The drainage gutter unit installed on the bridge collects rainwater and the like on the road surface of the bridge in the general water passage part and the end part of the drainage gutter unit and guides it to a drain pipe connected to the end part to drain it below the bridge. In the connected drainage gutter unit, the rainwater flowing into the general water passage part flows downward and is drained at the end part provided at regular intervals. An end part with both side surfaces open is installed at a location where rainwater is assumed to flow in from the general water passage parts on both sides, and an end part provided with a side plate serving as a wall surface at the left (right) end is often installed at a location where rainwater is mainly assumed to flow in from the general water passage part on the right (left) side.

Summary of the Invention

[0005] However, conventional drainage units generally have a flat bottom with a circular hole for drainage into the drainpipe. This has led to a problem where, when the water flow is weak, sand and mud inside the drainage unit do not flow sufficiently into the drainpipe and accumulate in the bottom of the drainage outlet.

[0006] Furthermore, maintenance such as cleaning to remove accumulated debris is particularly difficult on bridges, and once sand and mud accumulate, they tend to build up at an accelerating rate. If sand and mud remain in the drainage channels, drainage within the drainage channel unit may not be sufficient, potentially causing water to overflow onto the bridge road and hindering vehicle traffic.

[0007] On bridges, it is necessary to erect scaffolding and use PVC pipes to inspect the drainage outlets, and because this work is difficult, there was a problem that road administrators did not clean them. If maintenance is insufficient, over time, the drains become prone to rusting, and within a few years, the sand turns into mud and accumulates on the surface of the drainage unit, preventing water from flowing. Furthermore, the mud can clog the drains, turning them into planters where weeds grow, severely reducing drainage function. Despite these problems, due to the difficulty of the work, maintenance is practically neglected, and in some cases, drainage becomes impossible.

[0008] Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a drainage ditch unit that can prevent the accumulation of sand and mud in bridges without requiring frequent cleaning and maintenance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A first aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above objective, A steel drainage channel unit for the end of a bridge, which drains the road surface, (a) A drainage plate having a bottom surface for draining water, a rising section that rises from the end of the bottom surface and forms the front wall, and a back section that rises from the end of the bottom surface opposite to the rising section, and having an opening in the bottom surface, (b) An upper lid body which is detachably provided to be placed on the water flow plate and has water flow holes drilled in it, (c) A drainage channel unit is provided which has a drainage member comprising a cylindrical portion provided below the opening and a drainage pipe portion of an inverted truncated cone that connects the lower end of the opening and the upper end of the cylindrical portion.

[0010] According to the first aspect of the present invention, water flows more easily. Furthermore, the water flow swirls, washing away sand and mud that tend to accumulate on the bottom surface as it is drained, making it less likely for sediment and other materials to accumulate. Therefore, the accumulation of sand and mud can be prevented in bridges without frequent cleaning and maintenance.

[0011] The opening is a rectangle having a first long side adjacent to the rear portion, a second long side adjacent to the rising portion, and two short sides connecting the first long side and the second long side. The aforementioned terminal tube is an inverted truncated quadrangular pyramid, It is preferable that one of the angles between the short-side conical surface and the base portion is less than or equal to the angle between the long-side conical surface and the base portion. In the outflow pipe section, even with a small amount of water, water flows along the surface of the slope, making it easier for sand and mud that have flowed onto the slope to flow into the cylindrical section, and preventing sand and mud from accumulating between the opening and the back portion and between the opening and the rising portion, thereby improving the drainage function and sand discharge function.

[0012] Alternatively, the front opening is circular and close to the rear portion and the rising portion, The aforementioned terminal tube is an inverted truncated cone, Preferably, one of the angles formed by the conical surface in the direction parallel to the flow path and the bottom surface portion is less than or equal to the angle formed by the conical surface in the direction perpendicular to the flow path and the bottom surface portion. Inside the end-flow pipe portion, even when the amount of water is small, water flows on the surface of the inclined surface, and sand and mud flowing onto the inclined surface easily flow into the cylindrical portion. Also, it is difficult for sand and mud to accumulate between the opening portion and the back surface portion and between the opening portion and the rising portion. Therefore, the drainage function and the sand discharge function can be further enhanced.

[0013] Furthermore, it is preferable that the diameter of the cylindrical portion is larger than the hole length of the flowing water hole. Since the debris entering from the flowing water hole is smaller than the cylindrical portion, there is no worry that the cylindrical portion will be clogged with debris.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of partition plates are protruding on the upper surface side of the bottom surface portion in parallel with the back surface portion. Since the flow of water is divided into two or more and flows into the end-flow pipe portion, it becomes easier to generate vortices.

Advantages of the Invention

[0015] According to the present invention, accumulation of sand and mud can be prevented without frequent cleaning and maintenance on the bridge.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] [Figure 1] It is a perspective view of Example 1 of the drainage groove unit of the present invention. [[ID=​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​This is a schematic explanatory diagram of Example 2 of the drainage ditch unit of the present invention. [Figure 9] This is a perspective schematic diagram of Example 2 of the drainage ditch unit of the present invention. [Figure 10] These are the left side schematic diagram (a) and the right side schematic diagram (b) of Example 2 of the drainage ditch unit of the present invention. [Figure 11] This is an installation explanatory diagram (right side) of a modified example of Example 1 of the drainage ditch unit of the present invention. [Figure 12] This is an installation explanatory diagram (front side) of a modified example of Example 1 of the drainage ditch unit of the present invention. [Figure 13] This is an installation explanatory diagram (right side) of a modified example of Example 2 of the drainage ditch unit of the present invention. [Figure 14] This is an installation explanatory diagram (front side) of a modified example of Example 2 of the drainage ditch unit of the present invention.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described using examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Examples

[0018] The drainage ditch unit (the end flow part 1) of Example 1 is such that while the drainage smoothly rotates on the surface of the end flow pipe part, the water descends along the slope of the rotating slide table without splashing, just like a washing machine, while washing away the surface.

[0019] {Configuration} Figure 1 is a perspective view of Embodiment 1 of the drainage channel unit of the present invention. The drainage channel unit (end section 1) of this embodiment is a hollow steel unit, with the rear side facing the sidewalk and the front side facing the roadway, and is connected to a general water passage that is continuously arranged along the shoulder of a road, etc., to drain rainwater from the road surface, and is particularly suitable for installation on bridges. Hereinafter, the front section 12 side will be described as the front side of the end section 1. Figure 1 is a diagram showing the top view, front view, and right side view. Figures 1 to 5 show an example of an end section installed at the left end of a series of drainage channel units of a continuous general water passage, with the left side closed by a side plate 40. In the case of an end section installed at the right end of a series of drainage channel units, the right side is closed by a side plate. Furthermore, in end sections where drainage channel units of a general water passage are connected to the left and right of the end section's drainage channel unit, both sides are not closed.

[0020] Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram (right side) of the installation of Embodiment 1 of the drainage ditch unit of the present invention. The drainage outlet section 1 also serves as a curb, and the upper surface of the receiving surface section 13 is laid on the shoulder of the road at the same height as the road surface.

[0021] The rear side of the drainage ditch unit has a curb, which connects and fixes the deck slab within the curb. The bridge railings and fences are installed on top of the rear curb on the rear side. A wall railing may be used instead of a curb. In the case of a bridge with a sidewalk at the edge of the roadway, the sidewalk is constructed at a higher position than the roadway by pouring asphalt or similar material behind the drainage ditch unit. In the case of a pedestrian bridge, fences or guardrails are installed on top of the curb behind the drainage ditch unit.

[0022] An anchor pipe 51 is provided on the back side of the back portion 25 of the water flow plate 20. On the back side of the back portion 25 of the water flow plate 20, that is, on the back side of the end portion 1, three anchor pipes are welded in a row at the top and four anchor pipes are welded in a row at the bottom. Each anchor pipe is cylindrical, and an L-shaped anchor bar 52 passes through it. The anchor bar 52 has one end that passes through the anchor pipe 51 and the other end that is perpendicular to it protrudes perpendicular to the back of the drainage unit, and is fixed to the anchor reinforcement K that protrudes from the floor slab on the back side.

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating Embodiment 1 of the drainage channel unit of the present invention. Figure 3(a) is a top view with the top cover in place, Figure 3(b) is a front view with the top cover in place, Figure 3(c) is a top view with the top cover removed, and Figure 3(d) is a rear view with the top cover in place.

[0024] The drainage channel unit of this embodiment is a drainage channel unit of a steel end section 1 for draining the road surface of a bridge, and has the following configuration: (a) a water flow plate 20 having a bottom surface 24 through which drainage flows, a rising section 23 that rises from the end of the bottom surface 24 and becomes the front wall, and a back surface 25 that rises from the end of the bottom surface 24 opposite to the rising section 23, and an opening 241 in the bottom surface 24; (b) an upper cover 10 that is detachably provided as a cover to be placed on the water flow plate 20 and has water flow holes 14 drilled in it; and (c) an end section member 30 having a cylindrical section 32 provided below the opening 241 and an inverted truncated cone end section 31 that connects the lower end of the opening 241 and the upper end of the cylindrical section 32. The upper surface of the water flow plate 20 is the bottom surface 24 and serves as a water channel for draining the drainage that flows into the drainage channel unit.

[0025] The details are described below. The top cover 10 is made by bending a steel plate in a crank shape into three consecutive surfaces to form a right-angle S-shape. Specifically, the top cover 10 consists of an upper surface portion 11, a front surface portion 12 whose upper end is continuous with one end of the upper surface portion 11 and which is perpendicular to the upper surface portion 11 downwards, and a receiving surface portion 13 which is continuous with the lower end of the front surface portion 12 and which is perpendicular to the opposite side of the upper surface portion 11. Multiple drainage holes 14 for rainwater to enter are drilled in the corner portion between the front surface portion 12 and the receiving surface portion 13. In Figure 1, there are eight drainage holes 14, but the number of drainage holes is not limited to this. In this embodiment, the angle between the front surface portion 12 and the receiving surface portion 13 or the top surface portion 11 is 90 degrees, but it is not limited to this, and the lower part of the front surface portion 12 may be angled in the direction that it protrudes towards the front.

[0026] The water flow plate 20 is made by bending a steel plate into a right-angle L-shape and then bending the front end upwards at a right angle. The back side is designated as the back portion 25, the bottom side as the bottom portion 24, and the raised wall portion at the front end as the rising portion 23. It is positioned below the top cover 10 so as to form a hollow region from the back side to the lower front side of the top cover 10, and the height of the front end is the same as the height of the receiving surface portion 13 of the top cover 10. In other words, the top cover 10 acts as a lid for the water flow plate 20, which is open at the top.

[0027] The drainage ditch units are arranged in a single row along the edge of the roadway, embedded so that the upper surface of the receiving surface 13 is flat with respect to the roadway surface, and adjacent drainage ditch units are connected. The upper cover 10 and the water flow plate 20 are formed by bending or roll forming processes.

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of Embodiment 1 of the drainage channel unit of the present invention. Figure 4(a) is a view of the right side diagonally from above with the top cover open, and Figure 4(b) is a view of the left side diagonally from below with the top cover closed. Figure 5 is a schematic left side view (a) and a schematic right side view (b) of Embodiment 1 of the drainage channel unit of the present invention. The internal structure is omitted in Figure 5(b). An opening 241 is provided in the bottom surface 24 of the water flow plate 20. In this embodiment, the position of the opening 241 is at the left end of the bottom surface 24 because it is a drainage channel unit at the end of the flow that connects to the left end of a continuous general water passage section drainage channel unit. In the end of the flow that connects to the right end of a continuous general water passage section drainage channel unit, it is preferable to provide the opening at the right end of the In this embodiment, the waterway within the drainage unit is approximately 50-60 mm high and 300 mm wide, with drain outlets approximately every 20 m, and the end of the flow is located at the location of the drain outlets, but is not limited to this.

[0029] The opening 241 is a rectangle having a first long side 242 adjacent to the back surface 25, a second long side 243 adjacent to the rising section 23, and two short sides 244 and 245 connecting the first long side 242 and the second long side 243. The outlet pipe section 31 is an inverted truncated square pyramid. Because the opening 241 is adjacent to the back surface 25 and the rising section 23, sand and mud are less likely to accumulate in between.

[0030] The angle between the pyramidal surface 311 on the first long side 242 and the base portion 24 (σ in Figure 5(b)) and the angle between the pyramidal surface 313 on the second long side 243 and the base portion 24 (γ in Figure 5(b)) are greater than or equal to the angle between the pyramidal surface 314 on the short side 244 (the side without the side plate 40) and the base portion 24 (β in Figure 3(d)) (σ≧β)(γ≧β). In this embodiment, since σ>β and γ>β, the end pipe portion 31 of the inverted truncated quadrilateral pyramid has pyramidal surfaces whose inclination angle changes discontinuously, the water flow into the end pipe portion 31 becomes complex and prone to generating vortices, making it easier for sand and mud to flow.

[0031] In this embodiment, the angle between the pyramidal surface 312 on the short side 245 side with the side plate 40 and the base portion 24 (α in Figure 3(d)) is the same as angle β, but is not limited to this. At the end of the flow where side plates are present at both ends, it is preferable that the angles (α, β) between the two short sides 244, 245 and the base portion 24 are all less than or equal to the angles (σ, γ) between the two long sides 242, 243 and the base portion 24.

[0032] In this embodiment, both the bottom surface 24 and the opening 241 provided in the bottom surface 24 have their longitudinal directions parallel to the road on the bridge. In this embodiment, the angle (γ, σ) between the long-side pyramidal surfaces 311, 313 (trapezoidal in this embodiment) and the bottom surface 24 is 25 degrees, and the angle (α, β) between the short-side pyramidal surfaces 312, 314 and the bottom surface 24 is 12.5 degrees, but is not limited to these. In this embodiment, the slope extending from the water channel in the bottom surface through the short side 244 of the opening 241 down to the cylindrical part 32 is less than or equal to the slope extending from the long sides 242, 243 of the opening 241 on the back side and the rising side down to the cylindrical part 32, and the incline is relatively gentle. Therefore, according to this embodiment, even with a small amount of water, water flows over the surface of the slope, and less sand and mud accumulates in the bottom surface in front of the opening.

[0033] The discharge pipe section 31 is a hollow inverted cone, more specifically an inverted truncated cone, with the lower end of the opening 241 as the base and the upper end of the cylindrical section 32 as the truncated surface. The discharge pipe section 31 is an inverted truncated-pyramidal pipe material that is integrally fixed to the opening 241 and the cylindrical section 32 by welding, and its diameter widens from the lower end to the upper end. The cylindrical section 32 is a hollow cylinder and is a pipe for discharging wastewater to the outside.

[0034] In this embodiment, the outlet pipe section 31 is an inverted square pyramidal shape without a top, but it is not limited to an inverted square pyramidal shape; it may also be an inverted polygonal pyramidal shape without a top, or an inverted cone shape without a top (including an inverted elliptical cone shape). In this embodiment, the shape of the opening 241, i.e., the upper end of the outlet pipe section 31, is rectangular, but it may be a square or other quadrilateral, or other polygon or circle (including an ellipse), depending on the shape of the outlet pipe section 31. Although vortices are easily formed even in an inverted cone shape, in this embodiment with an inverted square pyramidal shape, the outlet pipe section 31 has multiple ridges, and therefore multiple bends on the inside, which makes it easier for the water flow to become turbulent and create local flow changes, thus making vortices more likely to occur. Furthermore, since the slope angle is 2 or more, the water flow can be made more complex, making vortices even easier to form and making it less likely for sand and mud to accumulate.

[0035] In this embodiment, the cone is formed by welding together the sides of the outlet pipe section 31, but the cone may be formed by other methods. The opening 241 and the outlet pipe section 31, and the outlet pipe section 31 and the cylindrical section 32 are connected by welding.

[0036] In this embodiment, the end pipe section 31 has flat conical surfaces on its outer circumference. However, in end pipe sections installed in locations where the water flow is sometimes heavy, the end pipe section may be a hollow inverted cone-shaped cylindrical body with a truncated cone surface at the bottom and an arm-shaped arc cone surface that protrudes outward over the entire vertical direction. Even if sand or mud adheres to the lower surface of the end pipe section 31, it will easily be washed away by the vortex that occurs when the water flow is heavy. In areas where the water flow is consistently light, it is preferable to have a hollow inverted cone-shaped cylindrical body with a trumpet-shaped inverted cone surface that is concave inward over the entire vertical direction. As the water flow becomes faster downwards, vortices are more likely to occur, and sand and mud are gradually pushed out onto the inclined surface and washed away into the cylindrical section by the vortex.

[0037] In conventional drainage systems, a circular hole is provided on the flat bottom surface to discharge into a drainpipe. In this embodiment, however, sand and mud remain on the bottom surface 24. In this embodiment, however, they flow into the inclined drainage pipe section 31. Even a weak water flow is carried into the cylindrical section 32 by gravity.

[0038] In this embodiment, a water flow hole 14 is drilled between the receiving surface portion 13 and the front portion 12 of the upper cover body 10. That is, the water flow hole 14 is offset towards the front side from the center of the end portion 1, and the end portion pipe 31 is located at the center of the end portion 1. When the rain is light, rainwater flows along the bottom portion 24 closer to the rising portion 23 and into the end portion member 30. In the end portion pipe 31 of the end portion member 30, the water flows in diagonally from the side closer to the rising portion 23, so the water swirls clockwise in the end portion pipe 31, washing the surface of the end portion pipe 31 as it falls into the cylindrical portion 32.

[0039] When it rains heavily, rainwater flows into the bottom portion 24, near the back portion 25, creating a water flow that flows into the outlet member 30. Due to this water flow, the water flows diagonally into the outlet pipe portion 31 of the outlet member 30 from the side closer to the back portion 25, causing the water to swirl counterclockwise in the outlet pipe portion 31 as it washes the surface of the outlet pipe portion 31 and falls into the cylindrical portion 32. In this embodiment, the outlet pipe portion 31 is located near the center of the bottom portion 24, neither near the back portion 25 nor near the rising portion 23. On the other hand, since the water flow hole 14 into which rainwater enters is located on the rising portion 23 side, the center of the outlet pipe portion 31 is eccentric with respect to the path of the rainwater, so the water enters the outlet pipe portion 31 at an angle, making it easier for a vortex to form. When it rains to a certain extent, water enters the surface of the outlet pipe section 31 at an angle from multiple directions, making it easier for vortices to form.

[0040] In this embodiment, the diameter of the cylindrical portion 32 is larger than the length of the water flow holes 14. The water flow holes 14 are elongated holes (long holes), and there is a possibility that debris, leaves, etc., smaller than the longer length (hole length) may enter the inside. However, since the diameter of the holes in the cylindrical portion 32 is larger, the holes are less likely to be blocked by debris, etc., and drainage is less likely to become clogged.

[0041] In this embodiment, drainage enters from the right side of the outlet section 1, is blocked by the left side plate 40, and flows into the outlet pipe section 31. Rainwater that falls into the general water passage section to the left of the outlet section 1 is drained at the outlet section further to the left. It is preferable to install the outlet section at the same height as or lower than the general water passage section and to provide a side plate on the lower side of the outlet section. If drainage flows in from both sides of the outlet section, no side plates are provided.

[0042] In conventional drainage systems, a circular hole is provided on a flat bottom surface to discharge water into a drainpipe. However, if the hole is enlarged to prevent sand and mud from accumulating, the diameter of the hole in the deck slab increases, which increases construction time and weakens the bridge's strength. Furthermore, if the drainage unit is subjected to a strong impact, the hole may rise above the waterway, preventing drainage and potentially causing problems. In contrast, in this embodiment, the drainage pipe section 31 allows sand and mud that would normally accumulate outside the circular hole to flow up to the inclined surface of the drainage pipe section 31 without increasing the diameter of the hole in the deck slab, and can then be carried to the cylindrical section 32 by the next water flow. Moreover, it does not require sacrificing the bridge's strength, and even if the drainage unit is subjected to a strong impact, the drainage pipe section 31 acts as a flange to absorb the impact, reducing the risk of the cylindrical section rising above the waterway and thus avoiding problems.

[0043] Furthermore, a reinforcing plate 53 is welded to the back of the top cover 10 at the corner between the front portion 12 and the receiving surface portion 13, so as not to overlap with the water flow holes 14. In addition, a rib plate 54 is provided on the back of the front portion 12 and the top portion 11 so as to be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the drain end portion 1. Even if a car tire or the like rests on the receiving surface portion 13, or if a car tire or the car body hits the front portion 12, or if a car tire or the car body drives over the top portion 11, the reinforcing plate and rib plate protect the hollow drainage unit from being crushed. The edges of the rib plate 54 are welded to the back of the top portion 11 and the front portion 12, and are sized so that one side touches the back of the water flow plate 20 when the top cover 10 is closed.

[0044] An L-shaped front support angle 55 is welded to the inside of the rising portion 23 of the L-shaped water flow plate 20, that is, to the back side when viewed from the front. The front support angle 55 has one side on which the end of the receiving surface portion 13 rests when the top cover 10 is closed, and another side welded to the back side of the front end of the water flow plate 20. In addition, an L-shaped rear support angle 56 is welded to the upper inside of the back of the water flow plate 20, that is, to the front side when viewed from the front. The rear support angle 56 has one side on which the end of the top surface portion 11 rests when the top cover 10 is closed, and another side welded to the upper surface side of the back portion 25 of the water flow plate 20.

[0045] In this embodiment, the drain end section 1 is pre-installed on the newly constructed concrete slab bridge, but it may also be installed on a steel slab. In the case of a newly constructed concrete slab, the drain end section can be embedded in the slab by pouring concrete after installing it in the location where the drain pipe will be installed. Alternatively, the slab can be constructed by creating a slab with a pre-existing formwork-like space for the drain pipe hole, matching the shape of the bottom of the drain end section, and then installing the drain end section after the slab is formed. In the case of a steel slab, a hole matching the shape of the bottom of the drain end section should be pre-existing. When installing on an existing slab, it is difficult to create space for a new drain pipe due to the fine spacing of the reinforcing bars, but if there is already space for a drain pipe, the drain end section can be replaced by cutting the slab in that area to match the shape of the bottom of the drain end section. Depending on the bridge, the outlet, i.e., the drain location, may be specified, and whether that location is on the back side, front side, or center side of the drain end section will be determined after specification, so the position of the cylindrical section should be changed and created accordingly.

[0046] The inclination angle of the ridge of the end pipe section can be increased if the deck slab is thick, but decreases if the deck slab is thin. In this embodiment, the angle of inclination from the horizontal plane is greater on the conical surface with the longer side parallel to the back and rising sections than on the conical surface on the shorter side. When the right side of the end pipe section is higher due to a superelevation, the position of the end pipe section will be shifted to one-third of the way down, as shown in Figure 3. If the end pipe section is in a valley, the position of the end pipe section will be in the middle because water flows in from the drainage units on both sides. The size of the end pipe section is preferably about one-third of the bottom surface. The end pipe section may be square, but a rectangle is more preferable. This is more effective because it allows for a longer gradient in the direction of water flow. In this embodiment, the end pipe section is an inverted truncated cone, and since it has gradients from four directions, it has high drainage capacity. If the position of the drain outlet is close to the end of the end pipe section and it is not possible to create a conical surface with an inclination angle on the side plate side, the gradient may be such that the angle β on the side where the continuous drainage unit is not connected is greater than the angles γ and σ.

[0047] The top cover 10 and the drainage plate 20 are connected by a chain (not shown) that connects a connecting plate 58 on the underside of the top surface 11 of the top cover 10 to a connecting plate 59 on the drainage plate 20. Connecting plates 57 are provided on the left and right ends of the front surface of the back surface 25 of the drainage plate 20, which are used for bolting together drainage channel units arranged side by side. The upper part of the connecting plate is provided with a notch (not shown) to hold the end of the top cover 10 when the top cover 10 is opened upwards.

[0048] The top cover 10 is stably held in place by resting its top surface 11 on the rear support angle 56, supporting the rear side of the rib plate 54 with the rear of the water flow plate 20, and resting its support surface 13 on the front support angle 55. The lower part of the water flow plate 20, on which the top cover 10 is placed, is covered by the reinforcing angle 50.

[0049] The drainage channel unit (outlet section 1) is installed on the floor slab so that the bottom surface 24 of the water flow plate 20 and the bottom surface of the reinforcing angle 50 are in contact with the floor slab.

[0050] The upper corner of the rib plate 54, which is on the back side of the intersection of the upper surface portion 11 and the front portion 12 of the upper cover 10, is provided with a scallop (not shown) because the upper cover 10 and the rib plate 54 are connected by welding.

[0051] The wastewater that flows into the outlet section 1 rotates smoothly along the surface of the outlet pipe, and falls without turbulence, washing the surface like a washing machine as it goes down the slope of a rotating slide.

[0052] {effect} According to this embodiment, as described above, the drainage function is increased because sand and mud can be washed away. In addition, the end member, which is connected to the opening at the bottom and has an inverted truncated cone-shaped end pipe section, not only makes it easier for water to flow, but also causes the water flow to swirl, washing away sand and mud that tend to accumulate at the bottom as it is drained, thus making it difficult for sediment to accumulate. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the accumulation of sand and mud can be prevented in bridges without frequent cleaning and maintenance.

[0053] According to this embodiment, even with a small amount of water, water flows along the surface of the slope within the drainage pipe section, reducing the accumulation of sand and mud on the bottom surface in front of the opening. Furthermore, sand and mud that do accumulate on the slope are more easily carried into the cylindrical section, and less sand and mud accumulate between the opening and the back section, and between the opening and the rising section, thereby improving drainage and sand discharge functions. With rainfall of about 5-20 mm / h, conventional drainage sections cannot ensure sufficient flow velocity to carry away the sediment contained in the drainage, causing sediment to accumulate inside. When sediment accumulates, grass eventually grows, reducing drainage function. However, according to this embodiment, sediment accumulation can be prevented even with small rainfall amounts (approximately 5 mm / h or less).

[0054] Since the debris entering through the water flow holes is smaller than the cylindrical section, there is no need to worry about the cylindrical section becoming clogged with debris. Furthermore, being made of steel, it boasts excellent durability. [Examples]

[0055] The outlet section 1' of Example 2 is the same as that of Example 1, except that the shape of the opening 241' is circular instead of square, and the shape of the outlet pipe section is an inverted truncated cone instead of an inverted truncated square pyramid.

[0056] Figure 6 is a perspective view of Embodiment 2 of the drainage channel unit of the present invention. Figure 6 shows the top, front, and right side views. Figure 7 is an installation diagram (right side) of Embodiment 2 of the drainage channel unit of the present invention. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the drainage channel unit of the present invention. Figure 8(a) is a top view with the top cover in place, Figure 8(b) is a front view with the top cover in place, Figure 8(c) is a top view with the top cover removed, and Figure 8(d) is a rear view with the top cover in place.

[0057] Figure 9 is a schematic perspective view of Embodiment 2 of the drainage unit of the present invention. Figure 9(a) is a view of the right side from diagonally above with the top cover open, and Figure 9(b) is a view of the left side from diagonally below with the top cover closed.

[0058] Figure 10 shows schematic left side view (a) and schematic right side view (b) of Embodiment 2 of the drainage ditch unit of the present invention.

[0059] In the drainage unit (outlet section 1') of this embodiment, the outlet pipe section 31' is a funnel-shaped outlet member 30' which is a circular cone. The opening 241 is circular and close to the back section 25 and the rising section 23, the outlet pipe section 31' is an inverted truncated cone, and the angle between the conical surface and the base section 24 of the outlet pipe section 31' is less than or equal to the angle between the conical surface on the minor axis side and the base section 24. Because the opening 241' is close to the back section 25 and the rising section 23, sand and mud are less likely to accumulate between them. In this embodiment, the angle between the conical surface 311' (frustoconical surface in this embodiment) and the base section 24 is constant at 20 degrees. In the outlet section 3 of this embodiment, the slope extending from the water channel of the base section 24, through the opening 241, down to the cylindrical section 32 is gentle. When the end pipe section 31' is elliptical, the direction parallel to the back and rising sections is the major axis. For example, the angle between the conical surface and the base section 24 is 20 degrees on the major axis side (back and rising section side in this application), and the angle between the conical surface and the base section 24 is 10 degrees on the minor axis side (side plate side and flow path side), and the conical surface may have a curved surface with a continuously changing angle. The end pipe section 31' of the inverted truncated cone is equipped with a conical surface with a continuously changing inclination angle, which makes the water flow into the end pipe section 31' more complex and prone to generating vortices, and also makes it easier for sand and mud to flow through.

[0060] The flow end pipe section 31' is a hollow inverted cone, more specifically an inverted truncated cone, with the lower end of the opening 241 as the base and the upper end of the cylindrical section 32 as the truncated surface. The flow end pipe section 31' is an inverted frustoconical pipe material that is integrally fixed to the opening 241 and the cylindrical section 32 by welding, and its diameter widens from the lower end to the upper end.

[0061] In this embodiment, the outlet pipe section 31' is an inverted cone shape without a top, but it may also be an inverted elliptical cone shape with its major axis parallel to the back surface. The shape of the opening 241, i.e., the upper end of the outlet pipe section 31', is a perfect circle in this embodiment, but it may also be elliptical.

[0062] In this embodiment, the cone shape is formed by bending the conical curve of the outlet pipe section 31', but the cone shape may be formed by other methods.

[0063] In this embodiment, the flow end pipe section 31' has a flat outer conical surface, but it may also be a hollow inverted conical cylinder with an arc-shaped conical surface that protrudes outward along the entire vertical direction, with the truncated surface as the lower end. Since it is easy to generate vortices even with a small amount of water, it is preferable to have a trumpet-shaped inverted arc conical surface that is concave inward along the entire vertical direction, making it a hollow inverted conical cylinder.

[0064] According to this embodiment, the bottom surface and the outlet member not only facilitate water flow but also create a swirling current, washing away sand and mud that tend to accumulate on the bottom surface as it is drained, thus preventing the accumulation of sediment and other materials. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the accumulation of sand and mud can be prevented in bridges without the need for frequent cleaning and maintenance.

[0065] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, even with a small amount of water, water flows along the surface of the slope within the drainage pipe section, reducing the accumulation of sand and mud on the bottom surface in front of the opening. Additionally, sand and mud that do accumulate on the slope are more easily carried to the cylindrical section, and less sand and mud accumulate between the opening and the back section, and between the opening and the rising section. Thus, the drainage function and sand discharge function can be further enhanced.

[0066] (Modified version of Example 1) Figure 11 is an installation diagram (right side) of a modified example of the drainage channel unit of the present invention. In the drainage channel unit of the modified example of the present invention, partition plates 21 and 22 are provided protruding from the upper side of the bottom surface 24, parallel to the drainage channel. Other points are the same as in the above-described example 1.

[0067] Figure 12 is an installation diagram (front view) of a modified example of Embodiment 1 of the drainage channel unit of the present invention. In Figure 12, the internal structure is partially shown through the glass. The partition plates 21 and 22 are long steel plates installed in the waterway and are not provided in the outlet pipe section 31 and the cylindrical section 32. Partition plate 21 is located below the waterway hole 14, and partition plate 22 is located on the rear side of partition plate 21. Since the amount and speed of water flowing through the three partitioned channels are not necessarily the same, turbulence is likely to occur on the conical surface of the outlet pipe section 31. According to this embodiment, the effects of Embodiment 1 are achieved, and since the water flow is divided into two or more sections and flows into the outlet pipe section, it is easier to generate vortices.

[0068] (Modified version of Example 2)

[0069] Figure 13 is an installation diagram (right side) of a modified example of the drainage channel unit of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the drainage channel unit of the modified example of Embodiment 2, partition plates 21 and 22 are provided protruding from the upper side of the bottom surface 24 parallel to the drainage channel. Other points are the same as those of Embodiment 2 described above.

[0070] Figure 14 is an installation diagram (front view) of a modified example of Embodiment 2 of the drainage unit of the present invention. In Figure 14, the internal structure is partially shown through the glass. Turbulence is more likely to occur on the conical surface of the outlet pipe section 31'. According to this embodiment, the effects of Embodiment 2 are achieved, and since the water flow is divided into two or more parts and flows into the outlet pipe section, vortices are more easily generated.

[0071] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be modified and implemented in various ways without departing from the spirit of the invention. Furthermore, the components of each of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily without departing from the spirit of the invention. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0072] 1, 1', 1'', 1''' Outlet section (drainage ditch unit) 10 Upper lid body 11 Top part 12 Front part 13 Receptacle part 14 Water hole 20 Flowing water plate 21, 22 Partition plates 23. Rising section 24 Bottom part 241, 241' opening 242 First long side 243 Second long side 244, 245 Short side 25 Rear part 30, 30' End member 31, 31' Flow end pipe section 311, 311', 312, 313, 314 conical surface 32 Cylindrical part 40 Side panels 50 Reinforcement angle 51 Anchor pipe 52 Anchor Bar 53 Reinforcement Plate 54 Rib Plate 55 Front mounting angle 56 Rear support angle 57 Connection Plate 58, 59 Connecting plates K Anchor Reinforcement

Claims

1. A steel drainage channel unit for the end of a bridge, which drains the road surface, (a) A drainage plate having a bottom surface for draining water, a rising section that rises from the end of the bottom surface and forms the front wall, and a back surface that rises from the end of the bottom surface opposite to the rising section, and having an opening in the bottom surface, (b) An upper lid body that is detachably provided to be placed on the water flow plate and has water flow holes drilled in it, (c) A drainage channel unit characterized by having a drainage member comprising a cylindrical portion provided below the opening and a drainage pipe portion with an inverted truncated cone that connects the lower end of the opening and the upper end of the cylindrical portion.

2. The opening is a rectangle having a first long side adjacent to the rear portion, a second long side adjacent to the rising portion, and two short sides connecting the first long side and the second long side. The aforementioned terminal tube is an inverted truncated quadrangular pyramid, The drainage channel unit according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the angles formed between the short-side conical surface and the base portion is less than or equal to the angle formed between the long-side conical surface and the base portion.

3. The front opening is circular and is close to the rear portion and the rising portion. The aforementioned terminal tube is an inverted truncated cone, The drainage channel unit according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the angles made between the conical surface in a direction parallel to the flow path and the base portion is less than or equal to the angle made between the conical surface in a direction perpendicular to the flow path and the base portion.

4. The drainage channel unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the cylindrical portion is larger than the length of the water flow holes.

5. The drainage channel unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of partition plates are provided protruding from the upper side of the bottom portion parallel to the rear portion.

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