Fuel oil containing 50% to 90% by volume of hydrogenated vegetable oil

Abstract

The objective is to provide a fuel oil containing a high volume of hydrogenated vegetable oil, which is carbon neutral, and a method for producing the same. [Solution] Fuel oil containing 50% to 90% by volume of hydrogenated vegetable oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to fuel oils containing 50% by volume or more and 90% by volume or less of hydrogenated vegetable oils, and methods for producing the same.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, from the perspective of environmental impact, the promotion of the use of renewable energy as an alternative to fossil fuels has been proposed. As renewable energy, in addition to natural energy (such as sunlight, wind power, hydropower, geothermal energy, etc.), the use of biomass has also been considered, and technological development for the practical application of biofuels has been actively carried out in recent years.

[0003] Biofuels are energy resources expected to be used as alternatives to transportation fuels (Non-Patent Document 1). In particular, the use of biofuels derived from photosynthetic organisms such as plants and photosynthetic bacteria, unlike fossil fuels that have been separated from the carbon cycle by burial, does not increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and is treated as carbon neutral. Since the increase in carbon dioxide is considered to be the main cause of global warming, the utilization of biofuels can be expected to have the effect of delaying the progress of global warming.

[0004] In Japan, according to the "Law Concerning the Rationalization of the Use of Energy and the Conversion to Non-Fossil Energy, etc." (Energy Conservation Law), business operators who meet certain requirements are obliged to report the amount of energy used (G / J in terms of crude oil) to the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy, and are also required to submit a conversion plan from fossil energy to non-fossil energy, and are being pressured to convert to biofuels. Furthermore, according to the "Law Concerning the Promotion of Measures to Cope with Global Warming" (Global Warming Countermeasures Law), business operators subject to the Energy Conservation Law are obliged to report the amount of greenhouse gas emissions to the Ministry of the Environment, but greenhouse gas emissions from biofuels are excluded. Thus, there are legal requirements for business operators in Japan to convert to biofuels.

[0005] Hydrogenated vegetable oil, which has seen increasing use in the EU in recent years, is a biofuel obtained by hydrogenating vegetable oils, animal fats, and oils derived from algae. Hydrogenation makes it more stable against oxidation. Hydrogenated vegetable oil has physical properties similar to diesel fuel, exhibits superior performance at low temperatures, and has a higher cetane number than diesel fuel. It also contains almost no sulfur, and does not produce sulfur oxides (SO4) when burned. X It can also contribute to reducing emissions. Currently, the use of hydrogenated vegetable oil as an alternative fuel by blending it with diesel fuel is spreading, and research is underway to increase the proportion of hydrogenated vegetable oil in diesel fuel.

[0006] However, in order to sell biofuels containing hydrogenated vegetable oil as diesel fuel in Japan, they must meet domestic diesel fuel standards. Because hydrogenated vegetable oil has a lower density than diesel fuel, increasing the proportion of hydrogenated vegetable oil to diesel fuel can result in a mixed fuel that does not meet diesel fuel standards, leading to the problem of not being able to stably manufacture and sell it as diesel fuel. Therefore, in the production of fuels with a high hydrogenated vegetable oil content, a method was needed that would allow for a high proportion of hydrogenated vegetable oil while stably meeting diesel fuel standards as a fuel. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0007] [Non-Patent Document 1] Tetsuya Koshikawa, Journal of the Japan Society of Waste Management and Resource Recycling, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 272 ​​- 279, 2021. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] Therefore, the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a fuel oil containing a high volume of carbon-neutral hydrogenated vegetable oil and a method for producing the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] To achieve the aforementioned objective, this disclosure provides a fuel oil containing 50% to 90% by volume of hydrogenated vegetable oil (fuel oil of this disclosure) and a method for producing the same (method for producing fuel oil of this disclosure). [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to this disclosure, by providing a fuel oil containing a high volume of carbon-neutral hydrogenated vegetable oil and a method for producing the same, it is expected that the global increase in carbon dioxide and the progression of climate warming can be suppressed. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] <Fuel oil containing 50% to 90% by volume of hydrogenated vegetable oil> This disclosure provides a fuel oil (fuel oil of this disclosure) containing 50% to 90% by volume of hydrogenated vegetable oil.

[0012] In this specification, vegetable oil refers to oils and fats obtained by pressing or extracting animal or plant raw materials with organic solvents. In this specification, vegetable oil may also include oils and fats obtained from extracts obtained by crushing microalgae or yeast.

[0013] Animal raw materials are not limited to the following, but examples include animal fats and animal oils such as cow's milk fat, goat's milk fat, buffalo milk fat, beef tallow, lamb's fat, mutton fat, fish oil, liver oil, and beef tallow. These can be used individually or in combination of two or more.

[0014] While not limited to the following, examples of plant-based raw materials include vegetable oils such as coconut oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, cocoa butter, linseed oil, safflower oil, sesame seed oil, tung oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, corn oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, kapok oil, olive oil, mustard oil, peanut oil, castor oil, camellia oil, jatropha oil, camelina oil, carinata oil, and mandarin oil. These can be used individually or in combination of two or more.

[0015] Furthermore, plant-based raw materials also include waste oil remaining after these plant-based raw materials have been used for consumer, industrial, or edible purposes. In this case, it is preferable to use waste oil from which impurities have been removed. Examples of such waste oil, though not limited to the following, include palm industry wastewater, residue from palm kernel shells, and palm fatty acid distillates.

[0016] Microalgae refer to algae that have the property of converting some of the nutrients within their cells into hydrocarbons or lipids. Examples of such microalgae, though not limited to the following, include Aurantiochytrium, Botryococcus brownii, Pseudocorycystis ellipsoidea, Pseudococomyxa, Chlorella, Icaenida, Spirulina, Euglena, Solaris, and Nannochloropsis, with Euglena being preferred.

[0017] Yeast refers to oil-producing yeasts that can accumulate lipids within their cells. Examples of such yeasts, though not limited to the following, include yeasts belonging to the genera Lipomyces, Eudium, Endomyces, Candida, Rhodotorula, Cryptococcus, and Rhodosporidia.

[0018] Animal and vegetable oils mainly contain at least one fatty acid glyceride selected from fatty acid triglycerides, fatty acid diglycerides, and fatty acid monoglycerides. The number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon portion of these fatty acid glycerides is preferably 12 or more, more preferably 16 or more, with an upper limit of preferably 24 or less, and more preferably 18 or less. When the number of carbon atoms is within the above range, a high cetane index and excellent low-temperature fluidity can be obtained, and the specifications for diesel fuel can be easily satisfied.

[0019] In this specification, "hydrogenated vegetable oil" mainly comprises hydrocarbons obtained by hydrogenating the vegetable oil. Examples of hydrocarbons obtained include hydrocarbons derived from the fatty acid glycerides contained in the vegetable oil. The number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon may be the same as the number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid or its derivative.

[0020] The lower limit of the "density (15°C)" of the "hydrogenated vegetable oil" is, for example, 0.765 g / cm 3 or more, preferably 0.770 g / cm 3 or more, more preferably 0.775 g / cm 3 or more. Also, as the upper limit of the "density (15°C)" of the "hydrogenated vegetable oil", 0.800 g / cm 3 or less, preferably 0.795 g / cm 3 or less, more preferably 0.790 g / cm 3 or less. In this specification, the density at 15°C is a value measured in accordance with JIS K2249 (Density test methods for crude oil and petroleum products, and density - mass - volume conversion tables).

[0021] In addition to the "density (15°C)", the "hydrogenated vegetable oil" further has at least one (preferably all) of the characteristics selected from the group consisting of the following (A1) to (A8). (A1) The "cetane number" is 51 or more. (A2) The "pour point" is -55°C or more and 0°C or less. (A3) The "cloud point" is -45°C or more and -5°C or less. (A4) The "kinematic viscosity (40°C)" is 1.5 mm 2 / s or more and 5.0 mm 2 / s or less. (A5) The "distillation temperature (95% by volume)" is 285°C or more and 330°C or less. (A6) The "flash point" is 40°C or more and less than 200°C. (A7) The "sulfur content" is less than 0.0003% by mass. (A8) The "residual carbon content of 10% residual oil" is 0.1% by mass or less.

[0022] The lower limit of the (A1) "cetane number" is, for example, 51 or higher, preferably 70 or higher, and more preferably 90 or higher. In this specification, the cetane number is a value calculated in accordance with the method for calculating the cetane number from handwheel readings obtained using the interpolation handwheel method specified in JIS K 2280-5 (Petroleum products - Method for determining octane number, cetane number and cetane index - Part 4: Cetane number).

[0023] The lower limit of the (A2) "pour point" is, for example, -55°C or higher, preferably -50°C or higher, and more preferably -45°C or higher. The upper limit of the "pour point" is, for example, 0°C or lower, preferably -5°C or lower, and more preferably less than -15°C. In this specification, the pour point is a value measured in accordance with the pour point test method specified in JIS K 2269 (Test method for pour point of crude oil and petroleum products and cloud point of petroleum products).

[0024] The lower limit of the (A3) "clogging point" is, for example, -45°C or higher, preferably -40°C or higher, and more preferably -35°C or higher. The upper limit of the "pour point" is, for example, -5°C or lower, preferably -10°C or lower, and more preferably -15°C or lower. In this specification, the clogging point is the cold filter clogging point (CFPP) measured in accordance with the clogging point test method specified in JIS K 2288 (Petroleum products - Diesel fuel - Clogging point test method).

[0025] The lower limit of the "kinematic viscosity" at 40°C (A4) is, for example, 1.5 mm. 2 / s or more, preferably 2.0 mm 2 / s or more, more preferably 2.5 mm 2 It is greater than or equal to / s. Furthermore, the upper limit of the "kinematic viscosity" at 40°C is, for example, 5.0 mm. 2 / s or less, preferably 4.5 mm 2 / s or less, more preferably 4.0 mm 2 It is less than or equal to / s. In this specification, the kinematic viscosity at 40°C is the value measured in accordance with JIS K2283 (Crude oil and petroleum products - Kinematic viscosity test method and viscosity index calculation method).

[0026] The lower limit of the (A5) "95% by volume distillation temperature" is, for example, 285°C or higher, preferably 290°C or higher, and more preferably 295°C or higher. Alternatively, the lower limit of the "95% by volume distillation temperature" is, for example, 330°C or lower, preferably 325°C or lower, and more preferably 320°C or lower. The distillation temperature in this specification is the distillation temperature measured by a distillation test in accordance with JIS K2254 (Petroleum products - Distillation test methods).

[0027] The lower limit of the flash point (A6) is, for example, 40°C or higher, preferably 50°C or higher, and more preferably 60°C or higher. The upper limit of the flash point is, for example, less than 200°C, preferably 180°C or lower, and more preferably 170°C or lower. In this specification, the flash point is the value measured according to JIS K 2265-3 (Method for determining flash point - Part 3: Penn-Ski-Arten closed method).

[0028] The aforementioned (A7) "sulfur content" is, for example, less than 0.0003% by mass, preferably less than 0.0001% by mass. In this specification, the sulfur content is a value measured in accordance with JIS K 2541-6 (Petroleum and petroleum products - Sulfur content test method - Part 6 Ultraviolet fluorescence method).

[0029] The aforementioned (A8) "residual carbon content of 10% residual oil" is 0.1% by mass or less. In this specification, the residual carbon content of 10% residual oil is the value measured in accordance with JIS K2270-2 (crude oil and petroleum products - method for determining residual carbon content - Part 2: microscopic method).

[0030] The fuel oil of this disclosure contains 50% to 90% by volume of the "hydrogenated vegetable oil," preferably 50% to 70% by volume. More specifically, the fuel oil of the present disclosure contains 50% by volume, 51% by volume, 52% by volume, 53% by volume, 54% by volume, 55% by volume, 56% by volume, 57% by volume, 58% by volume, 59% by volume, 60% by volume, 61% by volume, 62% by volume, 63% by volume, 64% by volume, 65% by volume, 66% by volume, 67% by volume, 68% by volume, 69% by volume, 70% by volume, 71% by volume, 72% by volume, 73% by volume, 74% by volume, 75% by volume, 76% by volume, 77% by volume, 78% by volume, 79% by volume, 80% by volume, 81% by volume, 82% by volume, 83% by volume, 84% by volume, 85% by volume, 86% by volume, 87% by volume, 88% by volume, 89% by volume, or 90% by volume.

[0031] <Fuel oil that meets the standards for diesel fuel as disclosed herein> The fuel oil disclosed herein has a density of 0.8017 g / cm³ at 15°C. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3 The following applies: The lower limit of the "density (15°C)" of the fuel oil in this disclosure is, for example, 0.8017 g / cm³. 3 It is excessive. Furthermore, the upper limit of the aforementioned "density (15℃)" is, for example, 0.8600 g / cm³. 3 The following applies: By ensuring that the "density (15°C)" falls within the above range, the fuel oil of this disclosure can be sold as diesel fuel.

[0032] The fuel oil disclosed herein further satisfies the standards for diesel fuel stipulated in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024), and also satisfies the standards for diesel fuel stipulated in JIS K2204 Special Grade 1, Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3, or Special Grade 3.

[0033] If the fuel oil disclosed herein meets the standards for diesel fuel specified in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024) and also meets the standards for diesel fuel specified in JIS K2204 Special Grade 1, then the fuel oil disclosed herein has all of the following characteristics (characteristics of Special Grade 1 diesel fuel): (1) The sulfur content is 0.0010% by mass or less. (2) The "cetane index" is 50 or higher. (3) "Distillation temperature (90% by volume)" is 360℃ or less. (4) The amount of "triglycerides" is 0.01% by mass or less. (5) (5a) or (5b) below: (5a) The amount of "fatty acid methyl ester" is 0.1% by mass or less. (5b) The following (i)~(v): (i) The amount of "fatty acid methyl ester" is greater than 0.1% by mass and less than or equal to 5% by mass. (ii) The amount of methanol is 0.01% by mass or less. (iii) The "acid value" is 0.13 mgKOH / g or less. (iv) The total amount of formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid is 0.003% by mass or less. (v) Oxidation stability is 65 minutes or more. (6) The flash point is between 50°C and 130°C. (7) The pour point is 5°C or lower. (8) The residual carbon content of the 10% residual oil is 0.1% by mass or less. (9) The kinematic viscosity (at 30°C) is 2.5 mm 2 / s or more. (10) The density (at 15°C) is 0.8600 g / cm³. 3 below.

[0034] If the fuel oil disclosed herein meets the standards for diesel fuel specified in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024) and also meets the standards for diesel fuel specified in JIS K2204 No. 1, then the fuel oil disclosed herein has all of the following characteristics (characteristics of No. 1 diesel fuel): (1) The sulfur content is 0.0010% by mass or less. (2) The "cetane index" is 50 or higher. (3) "Distillation temperature (90% by volume)" is 360℃ or less. (4) The amount of "triglycerides" is 0.01% by mass or less. (5) (5a) or (5b) below: (5a) The amount of "fatty acid methyl ester" is 0.1% by mass or less. (5b) The following (i)~(v): (i) The amount of "fatty acid methyl ester" is greater than 0.1% by mass and less than or equal to 5% by mass. (ii) The amount of methanol is 0.01% by mass or less. (iii) The "acid value" is 0.13 mgKOH / g or less. (iv) The total amount of formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid is 0.003% by mass or less. (v) Oxidation stability is 65 minutes or more. (6) The flash point is between 50°C and 130°C. (7) The pour point is -2.5°C or lower. (8) The "clogging point" is below -1°C. (9) The residual carbon content of the 10% residual oil is 0.1% by mass or less. (10) The kinematic viscosity (at 30°C) is 2.5 mm 2 / s or more (11) The density (at 15°C) is 0.8600 g / cm³. 3 below.

[0035] If the fuel oil disclosed herein meets the standards for diesel fuel specified in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024) and also meets the standards for diesel fuel specified in JIS K2204 No. 2, then the fuel oil disclosed herein also has all of the following characteristics (characteristics of No. 2 diesel fuel): (1) The sulfur content is 0.0010% by mass or less. (2) The "cetane index" is 45 or higher. (3) "Distillation temperature (90% by volume)" is 350℃ or less. (4) The amount of "triglycerides" is 0.01% by mass or less. (5) (5a) or (5b) below: (5a) The amount of "fatty acid methyl ester" is 0.1% by mass or less. (5b) The following (i)~(v): (i) The amount of "fatty acid methyl ester" is greater than 0.1% by mass and less than or equal to 5% by mass. (ii) The amount of methanol is 0.01% by mass or less. (iii) The "acid value" is 0.13 mgKOH / g or less. (iv) The total amount of formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid is 0.003% by mass or less. (v) Oxidation stability is 65 minutes or more. (6) The flash point is between 50°C and 130°C. (7) The pour point is -7.5°C or lower. (8) The "clogging point" is below -5°C. (9) The residual carbon content of the 10% residual oil is 0.1% by mass or less. (10) The kinematic viscosity (at 30°C) is 2.5 mm 2 / s or more (11) The density (at 15°C) is 0.8600 g / cm³. 3 below.

[0036] If the fuel oil disclosed herein meets the standards for diesel fuel specified in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024) and also meets the standards for diesel fuel specified in JIS K2204 No. 3, then the fuel oil disclosed herein also has all of the following characteristics (characteristics of No. 3 diesel fuel): (1) The sulfur content is 0.0010% by mass or less. (2) The "cetane index" is 45 or higher. (3) "Distillation temperature (90% by volume)" is 330℃ or less. (4) The amount of "triglycerides" is 0.01% by mass or less. (5) (5a) or (5b) below: (5a) The amount of "fatty acid methyl ester" is 0.1% by mass or less. (5b) The following (i)~(v): (i) The amount of "fatty acid methyl ester" is greater than 0.1% by mass and less than or equal to 5% by mass. (ii) The amount of methanol is 0.01% by mass or less. (iii) The "acid value" is 0.13 mgKOH / g or less. (iv) The total amount of formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid is 0.003% by mass or less. (v) Oxidation stability is 65 minutes or more. (6) The flash point is between 45°C and 130°C. (7) The pour point is below -20°C. (8) The "clogging point" is below -12°C. (9) The residual carbon content of the 10% residual oil is 0.1% by mass or less. (10) The kinematic viscosity (at 30°C) is 2.0 mm 2 / s or more (11) The density (at 15°C) is 0.8600 g / cm³. 3 below.

[0037] If the fuel oil disclosed herein meets the standards for diesel fuel specified in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024), and also meets the standards for diesel fuel specified in JIS K2204 Special Grade 3, then the fuel oil disclosed herein also has all of the following characteristics (characteristics of Special Grade 3 diesel fuel): (1) The sulfur content is 0.0010% by mass or less. (2) The "cetane index" is 45 or higher. (3) "Distillation temperature (90% by volume)" is 330℃ or less. (4) The amount of "triglycerides" is 0.01% by mass or less. (5) (5a) or (5b) below: (5a) The amount of "fatty acid methyl ester" is 0.1% by mass or less. (5b) The following (i)~(v): (i) The amount of "fatty acid methyl ester" is greater than 0.1% by mass and less than or equal to 5% by mass. (ii) The amount of methanol is 0.01% by mass or less. (iii) The "acid value" is 0.13 mgKOH / g or less. (iv) The total amount of formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid is 0.003% by mass or less. (v) Oxidation stability is 65 minutes or more. (6) The flash point is between 45°C and 130°C. (7) The pour point is below -30°C. (8) The "clogging point" is below -19°C. (9) The residual carbon content of the 10% residual oil is 0.1% by mass or less. (10) The kinematic viscosity (at 30°C) is 1.7 mm 2 / s or more (11) The density (at 15°C) is 0.8600 g / cm³. 3 below.

[0038] The aforementioned "sulfur content" is, for example, 0.0010% by mass or less. In this specification, the sulfur content is a value measured in accordance with JIS K 2541-6 (Petroleum and petroleum products - Sulfur content test method - Part 6 Ultraviolet fluorescence method).

[0039] The aforementioned "cetane index" is, for example, 45 or higher, preferably 50 or higher. In this specification, the cetane index is a value measured in accordance with the method for calculating the cetane index using a four-variable equation specified in JIS K 2280-5 (Petroleum products - Method for determining octane number, cetane number and cetane index - Part 5: Cetane index).

[0040] The lower limit of the aforementioned "90% volume distillation temperature" is, for example, greater than 267°C. The upper limit of the aforementioned "90% volume distillation temperature" is, for example, 360°C or less. The distillation temperature in this specification is the distillation temperature measured by a distillation test in accordance with JIS K2254 (Petroleum products - Distillation test methods).

[0041] The aforementioned "triglycerides" are, for example, 0.01% by mass or less. In this specification, the triglyceride is a value measured in accordance with Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Notification No. 78 (Method for measuring the concentration of fatty acid methyl esters or triglycerides in diesel fuel).

[0042] The aforementioned "fatty acid methyl ester" is, for example, 0.1% by mass or less when fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) is not included in the fuel oil of this disclosure. On the other hand, when FAME is included in the fuel oil of this disclosure, the aforementioned "fatty acid methyl ester" may exceed 0.1% by mass and be 5% by mass or less. In this specification, fatty acid methyl ester is a value measured in accordance with Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Notification No. 78 (Method for measuring the concentration of fatty acid methyl ester or triglycerides in diesel fuel).

[0043] The aforementioned "methanol" is, for example, 0.01% by mass or less. In this specification, methanol is a value measured in accordance with Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Notification No. 79 (Method for measuring the concentration of methanol in diesel fuel).

[0044] The aforementioned "acid value" is, for example, 0.13 mgKOH / g or less. In this specification, methanol is a value measured in accordance with JIS K2501 (Petroleum products and lubricating oils - Neutralization value test method - Potentiometric titration method (acid value)).

[0045] The aforementioned "total amount of formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid" is, for example, 0.003% by mass or less. In this specification, the total amount of formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid is a value measured in accordance with Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Notification No. 80 (Method for measuring the concentrations of formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid in diesel fuel).

[0046] The aforementioned "oxidation stability" is, for example, 65 minutes or more. In this specification, oxidation stability is a value measured in accordance with Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Notification No. 72 (Method for measuring oxidation stability in diesel fuel).

[0047] The lower limit of the flash point is, for example, 45°C or higher, preferably 50°C or higher. The upper limit of the flash point is, for example, 130°C or lower. In this specification, the flash point is the value measured according to JIS K 2265-3 (Method for determining flash point - Part 3: Penn-Ski-Arten closed method).

[0048] The aforementioned "pour point" is, for example, 5°C or lower, preferably -2.5°C or lower, more preferably -7.5°C or lower, even more preferably -20°C or lower, and most preferably -30°C or lower. In this specification, the pour point is a value measured in accordance with the pour point test method specified in JIS K 2269 (Test method for pour point of crude oil and petroleum products and cloud point of petroleum products).

[0049] The aforementioned "clogging point" is, for example, -1°C or lower, preferably -5°C or lower, more preferably -12°C or lower, and even more preferably -19°C or lower. In this specification, the clogging point is the cold filter clogging point (CFPP) measured in accordance with the clogging point test method specified in JIS K 2288 (Petroleum products - Diesel fuel - Clogging point test method).

[0050] The aforementioned "residual carbon content of 10% residual oil" is, for example, 0.1% by mass or less. In this specification, the residual carbon content of 10% residual oil is a value measured in accordance with JIS K2270-2 (Crude oil and petroleum products - Method for determining residual carbon content - Part 2: Microscopic method).

[0051] The aforementioned "kinematic viscosity" is, for example, 1.7 mm 2 / s or more, preferably 2.0 mm 2 / s or more, more preferably 2.5 mm 2 The kinematic viscosity is greater than or equal to / s. In this specification, the kinematic viscosity at 30°C is the value measured in accordance with JIS K2283 (Crude oil and petroleum products - Kinematic viscosity test method and viscosity index calculation method).

[0052] The upper limit for the aforementioned "density (15℃)" is 0.8600 g / cm³. 3 The following applies: In this specification, the density at 15°C is the value measured in accordance with JIS K2249 (Test method for density of crude oil and petroleum products and conversion table for density, mass, and volume).

[0053] The fuel oil of this disclosure further comprises (B) and (C) below, in addition to hydrogenated vegetable oil contained in an amount of 50% to 90% by volume. (B) Diesel fuel. (C) A solvent whose main component is hydrocarbons.

[0054] The fuel oils in this disclosure include "diesel fuel."

[0055] The density (at 15°C) of the aforementioned "diesel fuel" is 0.8017 g / cm³. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3The following applies: The lower limit of the density (at 15°C) of the aforementioned "diesel fuel" is, for example, 0.8017 g / cm³. 3 It is excessive. Furthermore, the upper limit of the aforementioned "density (15℃)" is, for example, 0.8600 g / cm³. 3 The following applies:

[0056] The aforementioned "diesel fuel" further satisfies the standards for diesel fuel stipulated in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024), and also satisfies the standards for diesel fuel stipulated in JIS K2204 Special Grade 1, Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3, or Special Grade 3, and in such cases, the fuel oil disclosed herein has all the characteristics of Special Grade 1 diesel fuel, all the characteristics of Grade 1 diesel fuel, all the characteristics of Grade 2 diesel fuel, all the characteristics of Grade 3 diesel fuel, or all the characteristics of Special Grade 3 diesel fuel.

[0057] The fuel oil of this disclosure contains a "solvent mainly composed of hydrocarbons." As described above, the density of hydrogenated vegetable oil is lower than that of diesel fuel. When producing a mixed fuel of hydrogenated vegetable oil and diesel fuel, if the proportion of hydrogenated vegetable oil to diesel fuel is large, the density of the resulting mixed fuel becomes excessively low, which is a problem as it does not meet the standards for diesel fuel. In this regard, the "solvent mainly composed of hydrocarbons" has a higher density than hydrogenated vegetable oil, so by mixing it with the fuel oil of this disclosure, it is possible to compensate for the density. Therefore, in order to compensate for the density of the fuel oil of this disclosure, the density of the "solvent mainly composed of hydrocarbons" is approximately 0.87 g / cm³. 3 More than about 1.10g / cm 3 The following applies. In this specification, "solvent" may also be referred to as a simple "organic solvent" or a "density modifier" that can adjust the density of fuel oil.

[0058] The aforementioned "solvent containing hydrocarbons as its main component" means that it contains hydrocarbons as its main component. "Containing as its main component" means that it contains hydrocarbons in an amount of 50% or more, 60% or more, 70% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, 99% or more, or 100% of the total volume.

[0059] The number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbons contained as the main component in the aforementioned "solvent containing hydrocarbons as the main component" is 9 or more at the lower limit and 21 or less at the upper limit.

[0060] In the aforementioned "solvent mainly containing hydrocarbons," the hydrocarbons are not particularly limited as long as they satisfy the above conditions, but for example, they may be selected from the group consisting of "C9 aromatic hydrocarbons," "C10 aromatic hydrocarbons," "1,1-diphenylethane," "diisopropyl biphenyl," "triisopropyl biphenyl," and "fatty acid methyl esters." Furthermore, the hydrocarbons may be a combination of two or more of the above.

[0061] The term "C9 aromatic hydrocarbon" is not particularly limited as long as it is an aromatic hydrocarbon composed of 9 carbon atoms. Examples of "C9 aromatic hydrocarbons" include, but are not exhaustive, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene, (1-methylethyl)benzene, 1-ethyl-2-methylbenzene, 1-ethyl-3-methylbenzene, and 1-ethyl-4-methylbenzene, and includes at least one compound that falls under the category of "C9 aromatic hydrocarbons" as described above.

[0062] The aforementioned "C9 aromatic hydrocarbon" may be a commercially available product, such as high-boiling-point aromatic solvent S100 (manufactured by ENEOS Corporation) and SOLVESSO 100 (manufactured by Exxon Mobil).

[0063] The term "C10 aromatic hydrocarbon" is not particularly limited as long as it is an aromatic hydrocarbon composed of 10 carbon atoms. Examples of "C10 aromatic hydrocarbons" include, but are not exhaustive, 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene, 1,2-diethylbenzene, 1,3-diethylbenzene, 1,4-diethylbenzene, 1-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)benzene, 1-methyl-3-(propan-2-yl)benzene, 1-methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)benzene, butylbenzene, (2-methylpropyl)benzene, (butan-2-yl)benzene, tert-butylbenzene, divinylbenzene, tetralin, etc., and includes at least one compound that falls under the category of "C10 aromatic hydrocarbons" as described above.

[0064] The aforementioned "C10 aromatic hydrocarbon" may be a commercially available product, such as high-boiling-point aromatic solvent S150 (manufactured by ENEOS Corporation) and SOLVESSO 150 (manufactured by Exxon Mobil).

[0065] The aforementioned "1,1-diphenylethane" may be a commercially available product, such as 1,1-DPE (manufactured by ENEOS Corporation).

[0066] The term "diisopropylbiphenyl" is not particularly limited as long as it is an aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of 18 carbon atoms with two isopropyl groups bonded to a biphenyl molecule. Examples of "diisopropylbiphenyl" include, but are not exhaustive, 2,3-diisopropylbiphenyl, 2,4-diisopropylbiphenyl, 2,5-diisopropylbiphenyl, 2,6-diisopropylbiphenyl, 3,4-diisopropylbiphenyl, 3,5-diisopropylbiphenyl, 3,6-diisopropylbiphenyl, 2,2'-diisopropylbiphenyl, 2,3'-diisopropylbiphenyl, 2,4'-diisopropylbiphenyl, 2,5'-diisopropylbiphenyl, and 2,6'-diisopropylbiphenyl, and includes at least one compound that is included in the above-mentioned diisopropylbiphenyl.

[0067] The term "triisopropyl biphenyl" is not particularly limited as long as it is an aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of 21 carbon atoms with three isopropyl groups bonded to a biphenyl molecule. Examples of "triisopropyl biphenyl" include, but are not exhaustive, 2,3,4-triisopropyl biphenyl, 2,3,5-triisopropyl biphenyl, 2,3,6-triisopropyl biphenyl, 2,4,5-triisopropyl biphenyl, 2,4,6-triisopropyl biphenyl, 2,5,6-triisopropyl biphenyl, 3,4,5-triisopropyl biphenyl, 3,4,6-triisopropyl biphenyl, 3,5,6-triisopropyl biphenyl, 2,3,2'-triisopropyl biphenyl, 2,3,3'-triisopropyl biphenyl, 2,3,4'-triisopropyl biphenyl, 2,3,5'-triisopropyl biphenyl, and 2,3,6'-triisopropyl biphenyl, and includes at least one compound that falls under the category of "triisopropyl biphenyl" as described above.

[0068] The aforementioned "diisopropyl biphenyl" and "triisopropyl biphenyl" may be commercially available products, such as SS300 (manufactured by ENEOS Corporation).

[0069] The term "fatty acid methyl ester" is not particularly limited as long as it is an ester of a fatty acid and methanol. The number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon portion of the fatty acid constituting the "fatty acid methyl ester" is at least 7 and at most 19. Furthermore, the hydrocarbon portion of the fatty acid constituting the "fatty acid methyl ester" may be linear or branched. Furthermore, the fatty acid constituting the "fatty acid methyl ester" may be saturated or unsaturated. Examples of "fatty acid methyl esters" include, but are not exhaustive, methyl caprylate, methyl caprate, methyl laurate, methyl myristate, methyl palmitate, methyl stearate, methyl palmitoleate, methyl oleate, methyl linoleate, methyl γ-linolenate, and methyl α-linolenate, and at least one compound included in the above-mentioned "fatty acid methyl esters" is included.

[0070] In the fuel oil of this disclosure, if it contains the aforementioned "diesel oil" and the aforementioned "solvent mainly composed of hydrocarbons," the volume percentage of each is such that the density of the fuel oil of this disclosure at 15°C is 0.8017 g / cm³. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3 The following will be determined:

[0071] (Method for producing the fuel oil of this disclosure that meets the standards for diesel fuel) This disclosure relates to a product containing 50% to 90% by volume of hydrogenated vegetable oil, with a density of 0.8017 g / cm³ at 15°C. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3 The following is provided: A method for producing fuel oil (the method for producing fuel oil according to this disclosure).

[0072] The fuel oil produced by the fuel oil production method of this disclosure contains 50% to 90% by volume of the "hydrogenated vegetable oil," preferably 50% to 70% by volume. More specifically, the fuel oil produced by the fuel oil production method of the present disclosure contains 50% by volume, 51% by volume, 52% by volume, 53% by volume, 54% by volume, 55% by volume, 56% by volume, 57% by volume, 58% by volume, 59% by volume, 60% by volume, 61% by volume, 62% by volume, 63% by volume, 64% by volume, 65% by volume, 66% by volume, 67% by volume, 68% by volume, 69% by volume, 70% by volume, 71% by volume, 72% by volume, 73% by volume, 74% by volume, 75% by volume, 76% by volume, 77% by volume, 78% by volume, 79% by volume, 80% by volume, 81% by volume, 82% by volume, 83% by volume, 84% by volume, 85% by volume, 86% by volume, 87% by volume, 88% by volume, 89% by volume, or 90% by volume.

[0073] Furthermore, the fuel oil produced by the fuel oil production method of this disclosure has a density of 0.8017 g / cm³ at 15°C. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3 The following applies: The lower limit of the "density (15°C)" of the fuel oil in this disclosure is, for example, 0.8017 g / cm³. 3 It is excessive. Furthermore, the upper limit of the aforementioned "density (15℃)" is, for example, 0.8600 g / cm³. 3 The following applies: By ensuring that the "density (15°C)" falls within the above range, it becomes possible to sell the fuel oil produced by the fuel oil production method of this disclosure as diesel fuel.

[0074] The fuel oil produced by the fuel oil production method of this disclosure further satisfies the standards for light oil specified in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024), and also satisfies the standards for light oil specified in JIS K2204 Special Grade 1, Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3, or Special Grade 3.

[0075] If the fuel oil produced by the fuel oil production method of this disclosure further satisfies the standards for diesel fuel specified in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024), and satisfies the standards for diesel fuel specified in JIS K2204 Special No. 1, No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, or Special No. 3, then the fuel oil produced by the fuel oil production method of this disclosure shall have all the characteristics of Special No. 1 diesel fuel, all the characteristics of No. 1 diesel fuel, all the characteristics of No. 2 diesel fuel, all the characteristics of No. 3 diesel fuel, or all the characteristics of Special No. 3 diesel fuel that the fuel oil of this disclosure possesses.

[0076] The method for producing fuel oil according to this disclosure includes the step of mixing the following (1) to (3). (1) Hydrogenated vegetable oil. (2) Diesel fuel. (3) A solvent whose main component is a hydrocarbon.

[0077] The aforementioned "hydrogenated vegetable oil" has a density (at 15°C) of 0.765 g / cm³. 3 More than 0.800g / cm 3 The following applies:

[0078] The lower limit of the aforementioned "density (15℃)" is, for example, 0.765 g / cm³. 3 Preferably 0.770 g / cm³ 3 More preferably, 0.775 g / cm³ 3 That concludes the explanation. Furthermore, the upper limit for the aforementioned "density (15℃)" is 0.800 g / cm³. 3 Preferably, 0.795 g / cm³ 3 The following, and more preferably 0.790 g / cm³ 3 The following applies:

[0079] In addition to the aforementioned "density (15°C)", the "hydrogenated vegetable oil" further has at least one (preferably all) of the properties selected from the group consisting of (A1) to (A8) of the "hydrogenated vegetable oil" described in the Fuel Oil of this Disclosure.

[0080] The density (at 15°C) of the aforementioned "diesel fuel" is 0.8017 g / cm³. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3The following applies: The lower limit of the aforementioned "density (15℃)" is, for example, 0.8017 g / cm³. 3 It is excessive. Furthermore, the upper limit of the aforementioned "density (15℃)" is, for example, 0.8600 g / cm³. 3 The following applies:

[0081] The aforementioned "diesel fuel" further satisfies the standards for diesel fuel stipulated in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024), and also satisfies the standards for diesel fuel stipulated in JIS K2204 Special Grade 1, Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3, or Special Grade 3, and in such cases, the fuel oil disclosed herein has all the characteristics of Special Grade 1 diesel fuel, all the characteristics of Grade 1 diesel fuel, all the characteristics of Grade 2 diesel fuel, all the characteristics of Grade 2 diesel fuel, or all the characteristics of Special Grade 3 diesel fuel.

[0082] The density of the aforementioned "solvent mainly composed of hydrocarbons" is approximately 0.87 g / cm³. 3 More than about 1.10g / cm 3 The following applies:

[0083] The aforementioned "solvent containing hydrocarbons as its main component" means that it contains hydrocarbons as its main component. "Containing as its main component" means that it contains hydrocarbons in an amount of 50% or more, 60% or more, 70% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, 99% or more, or 100% of the total volume.

[0084] The number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbons contained as the main component in the aforementioned "solvent containing hydrocarbons as the main component" is 9 or more at the lower limit and 21 or less at the upper limit.

[0085] The hydrocarbon used as the "solvent mainly containing hydrocarbons" is selected from the group consisting of "C9 aromatic hydrocarbons," "C10 aromatic hydrocarbons," "1,1-diphenylethane," "diisopropyl biphenyl," "triisopropyl biphenyl," and "fatty acid methyl esters." The compounds included in "C9 aromatic hydrocarbons," "C10 aromatic hydrocarbons," "diisopropyl biphenyl," "triisopropyl biphenyl," and "fatty acid methyl esters" are the same as the compounds included in "C9 aromatic hydrocarbons," "C10 aromatic hydrocarbons," "1,1-diphenylethane," "diisopropyl biphenyl," "triisopropyl biphenyl," and "fatty acid methyl esters" described in the fuel oil of this disclosure.

[0086] In the step of mixing the "hydrogenated vegetable oil," the "light oil," and the "solvent mainly composed of hydrocarbons," the mixing method is not particularly limited. For example, the "hydrogenated vegetable oil," "light oil," and "solvent mainly composed of hydrocarbons" may be added to the mixing tank in a specific order (for example, in the order of "hydrogenated vegetable oil," "light oil," and "solvent mainly composed of hydrocarbons") and mixed sequentially, or the "hydrogenated vegetable oil," "light oil," and "solvent mainly composed of hydrocarbons" may be added and mixed simultaneously.

[0087] Furthermore, the method for producing fuel oil according to this disclosure may include a step of measuring the density of each of the "hydrogenated vegetable oil," "diesel oil," and "solvent mainly composed of hydrocarbons" before the step of mixing the "hydrogenated vegetable oil," the "diesel oil," and the "solvent mainly composed of hydrocarbons." By measuring each density, it can be determined that the fuel oil contains 50% to 90% by volume of hydrogenated vegetable oil and has a density of 0.8017 g / cm³ at 15°C. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3 The following allows us to calculate the respective volumes of the "hydrogenated vegetable oil," "diesel oil," and "solvent mainly composed of hydrocarbons" that are mixed to produce "fuel oil." [Examples]

[0088] The present disclosure will be described in detail below using examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the examples.

[0089] (Production of a mixed fuel that meets diesel fuel standards, containing 51% by volume of hydrogenated vegetable oil) Three types of densities [0.7706 g / cm³] 3 (low density), 0.7824g / cm 3 (medium density), 0.7942g / cm 3 Hydrogenated vegetable oil with high density and three types of density [0.8162 g / cm³] 3 (low density), 0.8212g / cm 3 (medium density), 0.8263g / cm 3 Nine different formulations were prepared by mixing different types of diesel fuel (high density) so that hydrogenated vegetable oil accounted for 51% of the total volume (diesel fuel accounted for 49% of the total volume) (Table 1).

[0090] [Table 1]

[0091] As a result, when hydrogenated vegetable oil (low density) was mixed with diesel fuel to a concentration of 51% by volume, the resulting mixture had a low density and could not be sold as diesel fuel, regardless of the density of the diesel fuel used. Similarly, when hydrogenated vegetable oil (medium density) was mixed with diesel fuel (low density) or diesel fuel (medium density) to a concentration of 51% by volume, the resulting mixture had a low density and could not be sold as diesel fuel. On the other hand, when hydrogenated vegetable oil (medium density) was mixed with diesel fuel (high density), the resulting mixture reached a density that could be sold as diesel fuel. Furthermore, when hydrogenated vegetable oil (high density) was mixed with diesel fuel (high density) of any density, the resulting mixture reached a density that could be sold as diesel fuel. Thus, if the density of hydrogenated vegetable oil is not sufficiently high, increasing the amount of hydrogenated vegetable oil mixed in the mixture may result in a mixture whose density does not meet the standards for diesel fuel, depending on the density of the diesel fuel used.

[0092] Therefore, in order to adjust the density of the formulation that lacked sufficient density, we maintained the amount of hydrogenated vegetable oil mixed in, reduced the amount of diesel fuel mixed in, and instead added a solvent mainly composed of C9 aromatic hydrocarbons (high-boiling point aromatic solvent S100 (ENEOS Corporation)) and mixed it in, successfully adjusting the density of the formulation (Table 2).

[0093] [Table 2]

[0094] All of the formulations obtained above met all of the characteristics of the fuel oil of this disclosure, including "density (15°C)", "cetane index", "pour point", "clogging point", "kinematic viscosity (30°C)", "distillation temperature (90% by volume)", "flash point", "sulfur content", "residual carbon content of 10% residual oil", "triglycerides", "fatty acid methyl esters", "fatty acid methyl esters", "methanol", "acid value", "total formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid", and "oxidation stability", and functioned as diesel fuel.

[0095] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications to the configuration and details of the present invention can be made that will be understood by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.

[0096] The patents, patent applications, and documents cited herein are incorporated herein by reference in the same manner as their contents are specifically described herein.

[0097] <Note> Some or all of the above embodiments and examples may be described as follows, but are not limited to the following. <Fuel oil in this disclosure> (Note 1) Fuel oil containing 50% to 90% by volume of hydrogenated vegetable oil. (Note 2) The hydrogenated vegetable oil has a density of 0.765 g / cm³ at 15°C.3 More than 0.800g / cm 3 The fuel oil is as follows, as described in Appendix 1. (Note 3) The fuel oil according to Appendix 2, wherein the hydrogenated vegetable oil has at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of (A1) to (A8) below. (A1) The cetane number is 60 or higher. (A2) Pour point is -55℃ or higher and 0℃ or lower, (A3) The clogging point is between -45°C and -5°C. (A4) Kinematic viscosity (40℃) is 1.5 mm 2 / s or more 5.0mm 2 / s or less, (A5) Distillation temperature (95% by volume) is 285℃ or higher and 330℃ or lower, (A6) Flash point is between 40°C and 200°C. (A7) Sulfur content is less than 0.0003% by mass, (A8) The residual carbon content of the 10% residual oil is 0.1% by mass or less. <Fuel oil that meets the standards for diesel fuel as disclosed herein> (Note 4) The density at 15℃ is 0.8017 g / cm³. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3 The fuel oil listed in any one of the following appendices 1 to 3. (Note 5) Fuel oil as described in Appendix 4, which meets the standards for diesel fuel stipulated in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024), and also meets the standards for diesel fuel stipulated in JIS K2204 Special Grade 1, Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3, or Special Grade 3. (Note 6) Fuel oil as described in Appendix 4 or 5, including (B) and (C) below. (B) Diesel fuel, (C) A solvent whose main component is hydrocarbons. (Note 7) The aforementioned diesel fuel has a density of 0.8017 g / cm³ at 15°C. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3 The fuel oil is as follows, as described in Appendix 6. (Note 8) The diesel fuel described in Appendix 7 is one that satisfies the diesel fuel standards stipulated in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024), and also satisfies the diesel fuel standards stipulated in JIS K2204 Special No. 1, No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, or Special No. 3. (Note 9) The density of the solvent containing the aforementioned hydrocarbon as the main component is 0.87 g / cm³. 3 More than 1.10g / cm 3 The fuel oil listed in any one of the following appendices 6 to 8. (Note 10) The fuel oil as described in Appendix 9, wherein the hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of C9 aromatic hydrocarbons, C10 aromatic hydrocarbons, 1,1-diphenylethane, diisopropyl biphenyl, triisopropyl biphenyl, and fatty acid methyl esters. <Method for producing the fuel oil of this disclosure that meets the standards for diesel fuel> (Note 11) A mixture containing 50% to 90% by volume of hydrogenated vegetable oil, comprising the steps of (1) to (3) below, with a density of 0.8017 g / cm³ at 15°C. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3 The following is a method for manufacturing fuel oil. (1) Hydrogenated vegetable oil, (2) Diesel fuel, (3) A solvent whose main component is a hydrocarbon. (Note 12) The manufacturing method described in Appendix 11, wherein the fuel oil meets the standards for light oil specified in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024), and also meets the standards for light oil specified in JIS K2204 Special No. 1, No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, or Special No. 3. (Note 13) The hydrogenated vegetable oil has a density of 0.765 g / cm³ at 15°C. 3 More than 0.800g / cm 3 The manufacturing method described in Appendix 11 or 12, which is as follows: (Note 14) The manufacturing method according to Appendix 13, wherein the hydrogenated vegetable oil has at least one property selected from the group consisting of (A1) to (A8) below. (A1) The cetane number is between 60 and 95. (A2) Pour point is -55℃ or higher and 0℃ or lower, (A3) The clogging point is between -45°C and -5°C. (A4) Kinematic viscosity (40℃) is 1.5 mm 2 / s or more 5.0mm 2 / s or less, (A5) Distillation temperature (95% by volume) is 285℃ or higher and 330℃ or lower, (A6) Flash point is between 40°C and 170°C. (A7) Sulfur content is less than 0.0003% by mass, (A8) The residual carbon content of the 10% residual oil is 0.1% by mass or less. (Note 15) The aforementioned diesel fuel has a density of 0.8017 g / cm³ at 15°C. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3 The manufacturing method described in any one of the following appendices 11 to 14. (Note 16) The manufacturing method described in Appendix 15, wherein the aforementioned diesel fuel meets the standards for diesel fuel stipulated in Article 22 of the Enforcement Regulations of the Act on Ensuring the Quality of Gasoline, etc. (effective May 1, 2024), and also meets the standards for diesel fuel stipulated in JIS K2204 Special No. 1, No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, or Special No. 3. (Note 17) The density of the solvent containing the aforementioned hydrocarbon as the main component is 0.87 g / cm³. 3 More than 1.10g / cm 3 The manufacturing method described in any one of the following appendices 11 to 16. (Note 18) The manufacturing method according to Appendix 17, wherein the hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of C9 aromatic hydrocarbons, C10 aromatic hydrocarbons, 1,1-diphenylethane, diisopropyl biphenyl, triisopropyl biphenyl, and fatty acid methyl esters. [Industrial applicability]

[0098] According to this disclosure, by providing a fuel oil containing a high volume of carbon-neutral hydrogenated vegetable oil and a method for producing the same, it is expected that the global increase in carbon dioxide and the progression of climate warming can be suppressed.

Claims

1. Fuel oil containing 50% to 90% by volume of hydrogenated vegetable oil.

2. The hydrogenated vegetable oil has a density of 0.765 g / cm³ at 15°C. 3 More than 0.800g / cm 3 The fuel oil according to claim 1, which is as follows:

3. The density at 15℃ is 0.8017 g / cm³. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3 The fuel oil according to claim 1 or 2, which is as follows:

4. The fuel oil according to claim 3, comprising (B) and (C) below. (B) Diesel fuel, (C) A solvent whose main component is a hydrocarbon.

5. The aforementioned diesel fuel has a density of 0.8017 g / cm³ at 15°C. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3 The fuel oil according to claim 4, which is as follows:

6. The density of the solvent containing the aforementioned hydrocarbon as the main component is 0.87 g / cm³. 3 More than 1.10g / cm 3 The fuel oil according to claim 5, which is as follows:

7. The fuel oil according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of C9 aromatic hydrocarbons, C10 aromatic hydrocarbons, 1,1-diphenylethane, diisopropyl biphenyl, triisopropyl biphenyl, and fatty acid methyl esters.

8. A method for producing a fuel oil, comprising a step of mixing the following (1) to (3), containing 50% by volume or more and 90% by volume or less of hydrogenated vegetable oil, and having a density at 15 °C of more than 0.8017 g / cm 3 and less than 0.8600 g / cm 3 as follows. (1) Hydrogenated vegetable oil, (2) Diesel fuel, (3) A solvent whose main component is hydrocarbons.

9. The hydrogenated vegetable oil has a density of 0.765 g / cm³ at 15°C. 3 More than 0.800g / cm 3 The manufacturing method according to claim 8, which is as follows:

10. The aforementioned diesel fuel has a density of 0.8017 g / cm³ at 15°C. 3 Super 0.8600g / cm 3 The manufacturing method according to claim 8 or 9, which is as follows:

11. The density of the solvent containing the aforementioned hydrocarbon as the main component is 0.87 g / cm³. 3 More than 1.10g / cm 3 The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, which is as follows:

12. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of C9 aromatic hydrocarbons, C10 aromatic hydrocarbons, 1,1-diphenylethane, diisopropyl biphenyl, triisopropyl biphenyl, and fatty acid methyl esters.

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