Detonator explosive mount and explosive loading device

Abstract

In tunnel blasting, the present invention provides an explosive loading method that enables the smooth loading of detonating explosives into blast holes drilled in the tunnel face. [Solution] The explosive loading method includes the steps of: holding the explosive loading body with the loading rod by inserting the tip of a loading rod into the hollow portion of an explosive loading body, which is formed by mounting an explosive loading device on the inside of the rear end of a cylindrical holder such that a hollow portion remains on the inside of the rear end of the holder; and loading the explosive loading device held at the tip of the loading rod into a blast hole. The front end of the cylindrical holder of the explosive loading body is provided with a weight-shaped guide portion that tapers toward the tip of the explosive loading device.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for loading explosives into blast holes drilled in the tunnel face in a tunnel constructed by blasting, and to an explosive mounting device for detonating explosives. [Background technology]

[0002] Blasting is a well-known method for tunnel excavation. When excavating a tunnel using blasting, explosives with detonators attached are inserted into multiple blast holes (charge holes) drilled into the tunnel face, and the explosives are detonated by igniting the detonators, thereby excavating the tunnel face.

[0003] Traditionally, in tunnel construction using blasting methods, the loading of explosives into the blast holes was generally done manually by workers. This loading process involved using long rods to sequentially push the explosives into the blast holes, which was extremely physically demanding work.

[0004] Therefore, a technique has been proposed to load a parent dynamite for detonation (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "parent dynamite") and additional dynamite to increase the explosive force during blasting (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "additional dynamite") into the blast hole from a position away from the drill face using a hose or pipe (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). This type of explosive loading technique is also called mechanical loading (remote loading), etc. In such mechanical loading, for example, a worker riding on the platform (cage) of a drill jumbo inserts the tip of a loading pipe into the blast hole drilled in the drill face, and compressed air is pumped from a loading machine located at the base end of a hose connected to the loading pipe toward the tip of the loading pipe, loading the parent dynamite and additional dynamite into the explosive hole by the loading pipe along with the compressed air.

[0005] In addition, in order to improve the loading safety of explosives into the blast holes and streamline the work, an automatic explosive loading device that automatically loads explosives into the blast holes has also been proposed. For example, in Patent Document 4, there are a gantry, a loading pipe provided on the gantry so as to be able to advance and retreat in the loading direction of the explosive, a parent die supply mechanism provided in front of the loading pipe on the gantry and capable of supplying the parent die coaxially with the loading pipe, a loading hose connected in communication to the rear of the loading pipe, and an explosive loading mechanism connected to the loading hose and pumping and supplying an insert die through the inside of the loading hose and the loading pipe. An automatic explosive loading device is disclosed in which the parent die can be inserted into the tip of the loading pipe. According to the description of Patent Document 4, with the parent die supplied to the tip of the loading pipe, the loading pipe is moved in the loading direction, its tip is made to reach the innermost part of the blast hole, and further, while the insert die is fed from the rear of the loading pipe, the loading pipe is pulled out of the blast hole to load the parent die and the insert die into the blast hole.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Patent Document 4

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0007] However, in the mechanical loading technology of explosives described above, it is not easy to insert a hose, a pipe, etc. for loading explosives into the blast hole from a position away from the face, and there is room for improving the work efficiency. Also, in the automatic loading technology of explosives disclosed in Patent Document 4, Although it is disclosed that the loading pipe is positioned opposite the blast hole drilled in the face of the tunnel, in reality, it is conceivable that the loading pipe may be positioned with an eccentricity between the axes of the blast hole and the loading pipe, and in such cases, it may be difficult to smoothly insert the loading pipe into the blast hole.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide an explosive loading method that enables the smooth loading of detonating explosives into blast holes drilled in the tunnel face during tunnel blasting. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] To solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means. That is, the present invention is an explosive loading method applicable to a tunnel blasting method, for loading an explosive into a blast hole drilled in the tunnel face, and includes the steps of: holding the explosive by inserting the tip of a loading rod into the hollow portion of an explosive mount, which is made by mounting an explosive such that an explosive remains hollow inside the rear end of a cylindrical holder; and loading the explosive mount held at the tip of the loading rod into the blast hole, wherein the front end of the cylindrical holder in the explosive mount is provided with a weight-shaped guide portion that tapers toward the tip of the explosive mount.

[0010] In this case, the leg wires extending from the detonator of the detonator attached to the detonator loader may be bound together with a binding material such that a ring-shaped portion having a diameter larger than the diameter of the blast hole is formed in the middle of the leg wire, and the binding material may be released by the resistance when the ring-shaped portion of the leg wire comes into contact with the edge around the opening of the blast hole on the face surface during the process of loading the detonator loader into the blast hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the present invention can be specifically applied to tunnel blasting methods and used as a detonator explosive mount to be loaded into a blast hole drilled in the tunnel face. Specifically, the detonator explosive mount comprises a cylindrical holder, a detonator explosive mounted inside the cylindrical holder, a hollow portion formed inside the rear end of the cylindrical holder, and a weight-shaped guide portion provided at the front end of the cylindrical holder and tapering toward its tip. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an explosive loading method that enables the smooth loading of detonating explosives into blast holes drilled in the tunnel face during tunnel blasting. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0013] [Figure 1] Figure 1 shows the overall schematic configuration when an explosive loading device, which loads explosives into multiple blasting holes drilled in the tunnel face according to Embodiment 1, is mounted on construction heavy machinery. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a front view showing an example of the arrangement of multiple blast holes formed on the tunnel face. [Figure 3] Figure 3 illustrates the situation after explosives have been loaded into the blast holes drilled in the face of the tunnel. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a side view of the main die mounting assembly. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is an exploded view of the main die assembly. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a schematic side view of the explosive loading device mounted on the guide cell. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a schematic front view of the explosive loading device mounted on the guide cell. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating the supply device for additional explosives. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is a front view of the main die housing unit. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a rear view of the main die housing unit. [Figure 11] Figure 11 is a side view of the parent die housing unit. [Figure 12] Figure 12 is a top view of the parent die housing unit. [Figure 13] Figure 13 is an example of the various devices installed in the cockpit. [Figure 14] Figure 14 shows the procedure flow for automatic explosive loading control. [Figure 15] Figure 15 illustrates the situation after the rod alignment process has been completed. [Figure 16] Figure 16 illustrates the process of loading the detonating explosive. [Figure 17] Figure 17 illustrates the guiding function of the weight-shaped guide portion in the main die mounting assembly. [Figure 18] Figure 18 illustrates the situation after the loading process for the detonation explosive has been completed. [Figure 19] Figure 19 illustrates the situation after the additional explosives loading process has been completed. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0014] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the configurations and combinations thereof in the embodiments are examples only, and additions, omissions, substitutions, and other modifications can be made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0015] <Embodiment 1> Figure 1 shows the overall schematic configuration when an explosive loading device 1, which loads explosives into multiple blasting holes (charged holes) 3 drilled in the tunnel face (rock mass) 2 of the tunnel TN according to Embodiment 1, is mounted on construction heavy machinery. The tunnel TN according to Embodiment 1 is constructed by a blasting method in which explosives with detonators attached are inserted into each blasting hole 3 drilled in the tunnel face 2, and the explosives are detonated by igniting the detonators to excavate the tunnel face 2.

[0016] In Figure 1, the explosive loading device 1 is mounted on the drill jumbo 10. Also, as shown in Figure 1, multiple blast holes 3 are drilled in the face 2 to a predetermined drilling depth.

[0017] As shown in Figure 1, the drill jumbo 10 is equipped with a self-propelled carriage 11, a drilling boom 12 located on the front side of the carriage 11, an explosive loading boom 13, a cockpit 14, a control device 15, a drive power unit (not shown), etc. The drilling boom 12 and the explosive loading boom 13 are rotatably connected to the front end of the carriage 11, and can be freely extended and retracted, tilted, swung, rotated, etc. by the operation of the drive mechanism attached to the drilling boom 12 and the explosive loading boom 13. In the example shown in Figure 1, a pair of explosive loading booms 13 are provided on the drill jumbo 10, but the number of explosive loading booms 13 is not particularly limited.

[0018] A rock drilling machine 16 is rotatably supported on the drilling boom 12. As the rock drilling machine 16, for example, a known type is used that drills blast holes 3 in the face 2 (rock) by the impact motion and rotation of a drilling drill.

[0019] Figure 2 is a front view showing an example of the arrangement of multiple blast holes 3 formed in the tunnel face 2. In this embodiment, a stepped blasting method is used for excavating the tunnel face 2. The stepped blasting method is a method in which multiple blasting target areas are set in the tunnel face 2, and blasting is carried out by setting a time difference in the detonation timing of the detonators that detonate the explosives for each of the multiple set blasting target areas.

[0020] The symbols #1 to #10 shown in Figure 2 indicate the stage number to which multiple blast holes 3 belong (corresponding to the blast holes 3). In this embodiment, multiple blasting target areas are set on the face 2, and a stage number corresponding to each blasting target area is assigned (installed). In the example shown in Figure 2, 10 types of blasting target areas are set on the face 2, and the 1st stage #1 to the 10th stage #10 are assigned to each blasting target area. Note that in Figure 2, to make it easier to understand the distribution of each stage #1 to #10 on the face 2, blast holes 3 belonging to the same stage number are shown to be close together. If so, these groups of blast holes are connected by dashed lines. However, the arrangement pattern of the blast holes 3 shown in Figure 2, the number of stages, and the number of blast holes 3 belonging to each stage are not particularly limited.

[0021] Figure 3 illustrates the situation after explosives have been loaded into the blast hole 3 drilled in the face 2. Figure 3 shows a longitudinal cross-section of the blast hole 3 along the drilling direction (axial direction). As will be described in more detail later, in this embodiment, the explosives are loaded into the blast hole 3 not manually, but automatically using the explosive loading device 1.

[0022] In Figure 3, reference numeral 3A denotes the innermost part of the blast hole 3, and reference numeral 3B denotes the opening of the blast hole 3. Reference numeral 5 denotes a main die mounting assembly, in which a main dynamite with a detonator (hereinafter abbreviated as "main die") 4, which is the detonating explosive, is installed inside. Reference numeral 6 denotes additional dynamite (hereinafter abbreviated as "additional die"), which is an additional explosive used to increase the explosive force during blasting. The type of additional die 6 is not particularly limited, but for example, granular explosives or bulk-type explosives can be suitably used. However, additional die 6 is not limited to granular explosives or bulk-type explosives, and explosives in the form of powder packets may also be used. In this embodiment, granular explosives are used as an example.

[0023] Figure 4 is a side view of the master die mount 5. Figure 5 is an exploded view of the master die mount 5. The master die mount 5 has a hollow cylindrical (tubular) member 51 and a weight-shaped guide portion 52 attached to the front end 51A of the cylindrical member 51, and houses the master die 4 inside the cylindrical member 51. In this embodiment, the cylindrical member 51 of the master die mount 5 is a cylindrical paper tube, and the weight-shaped guide portion 52 is also made of paper. However, the cylindrical member 51 and the weight-shaped guide portion 52 in the master die mount 5 are not limited to being made of paper, and various materials can be used. The weight-shaped guide portion 52 has a conical shape and is attached coaxially to the front end 51A of the cylindrical member 51. Reference numeral 5A denotes the tip of the master die mount 5. The tip 5A of the master die mount 5 is formed by the tip-side vertex of the weight-shaped guide portion 52. Furthermore, reference numeral 5B denotes the rear end of the main die mount 5, which is formed by the rear end of the cylindrical member 51. In the main die mount 5 configured as described above, the outer diameter of the cylindrical member 51 is set to be smaller than the diameter of the blast hole 3, and as shown in Figure 3, the main die mount 5 can be loaded into the blast hole 3.

[0024] The main die 4 employs, for example, a hydrogen explosive containing a propellant, and is formed in the form of packaged explosive (propellant package type) wrapped in paper or plastic film. The main die 4 has a staged detonator 41, to which a leg wire 42 is connected. In this embodiment, the staged detonator 41 can be, for example, a detonator with a fuse (non-electric detonator) as a measure against static electricity. However, the staged detonator 41 may also be an electric detonator. When the staged detonator 41 is an electric detonator, it is preferable to make the cylindrical member 51 and the weight-shaped guide part 52 of the main die mounting body 5 out of paper as a measure against static electricity. The staged detonator 41 has a delay charge interposed between the igniter and the detonator housed inside the case, and the detonation time (reference time) is set for each type so that after the shock wave for operation (operating current in the case of an electric detonator) is supplied through the leg wire 42 (fuse), detonation occurs after a certain delay of time. The staged detonator 41 may, for example, have its detonation time set to intervals of a few tenths of a second. The staged detonator 41 may also be a wireless detonator having, for example, a wireless detonator antenna (e.g., a receiving coil, etc.) that receives AC magnetic field energy transmitted wirelessly from a detonation operating device. In such a wireless detonator system, it is not necessary to connect the leg wires 42 to the staged detonator 41.

[0025] The main die mounting body 5 has, for example, a hole in the weight-shaped guide portion 52 for pulling the leg wires 42 outwards, and the leg wires 42 are pulled outwards from this hole. Also, the length of the cylindrical member 51 is longer than the length of the main die 4, and as shown in Figure 5, it is mounted on the front end 51A side of the cylindrical member 51. Therefore, a hollow portion 53 is formed inside the rear end 51B side of the cylindrical member 51. This is achieved. In other words, the main die mount 5 mounts the main die 4 such that a hollow portion 53 remains inside the rear end of the cylindrical member 51. The reference numeral 43 in Figures 4 and 5 indicates a binding material that bundles the leg wires 42. The binding material 43 binds the leg wires 42 in an annular and individual manner at their midpoint, thereby forming a ring-shaped portion 42A at the midpoint of the leg wires 42. Furthermore, the binding material 43 is made of, for example, paper and is formed of an easily breakable material that can be easily broken by a small external force, so that the binding of the leg wires 42 can be easily undone with a small external force. Note that, as shown in Figure 3, after the main die 4 and additional die 6 mounted on the main die mount 5 are loaded into the blast hole 3 of the face 2, the binding material 43 is torn and the binding of the leg wires 42 is undone. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3, when the loading of the master die mount 5 into the blast hole 3 is complete, the tip 5A of the master die mount 5 is positioned at the innermost part 3A of the blast hole 3.

[0026] Next, the configuration of the explosive loading device 1 will be described in detail. As shown in Figure 1, the explosive loading device 1 is mounted on the guide cell 20 of the explosive loading boom 13. Figure 6 is a schematic side view of the explosive loading device 1 mounted on the guide cell 20. Figure 7 is a schematic front view of the explosive loading device 1 mounted on the guide cell 20. Figure 6 shows the front-rear direction of the guide cell 20. The explosive loading boom 13 is provided with a drive mechanism (not shown) that drives the guide cell 20, and this drive mechanism allows the guide cell 20 to swing horizontally, swing vertically, and move forward and backward. When using the explosive loading device 1 mounted on the drill jumbo 10 to automatically load explosives (main die 4, additional die 6) into the blast holes 3 of the face 2, the guide cell 20 attached to the explosive loading boom 13 is positioned with its front facing the face 2 and its rear facing the trolley 11.

[0027] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the explosive loading device 1 includes a main die supply device 70 mounted on the guide cell 20, a loading rod 81, a loading rod feeding mechanism 80, etc. As will be described in more detail later, the main die supply device 70 (detonation explosive supply device) is composed of a main die housing unit 100 (detonation explosive housing unit) that houses a plurality of main die mounts 5, and a main die housing unit drive mechanism 90 (detonation explosive housing unit drive mechanism) that drives the main die housing unit 100.

[0028] The loading rod feeding mechanism 80 is fitted with the rear end of a long, unidirectional pipe-shaped loading rod 81. The loading rod feeding mechanism 80 holds the loading rod 81 with its tip 811 facing forward of the guide cell 20, and the axial direction of the loading rod 81 parallel to the extending direction of the guide cell 20. The arrow X shown in Figure 6 indicates a preset loading direction for the detonating explosive. In this embodiment, the central axis C1 of the loading rod 81 is parallel to the detonating explosive loading direction X, and the loading rod 81 is held by the loading rod feeding mechanism 80 so that it can be driven to move forward and backward along the detonating explosive loading direction X. The outer diameter of the tip 811 of the loading rod 81 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the rear end 5B of the main die mount 5 (cylindrical member 51). Therefore, by inserting the tip 811 of the loading rod 81 into the hollow portion 53 from the rear end 5B side of the main die mounting body 5 (cylindrical member 51), the main die mounting body 5 can be held on the tip 811 side of the loading rod 81.

[0029] The material used to form the loading rod 81 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a material with a certain degree of rigidity, such as synthetic resin. The guide cell 20 may also be provided with a support member 21 that does not obstruct the forward and backward movement of the loading rod 81 along the detonating explosive loading direction X, and supports the long loading rod 81 in a position parallel to the detonating explosive loading direction X.

[0030] The loading rod feeding mechanism 80, which is attached to the guide cell 20, is movable back and forth along the front-rear direction of the guide cell 20. The loading rod feeding mechanism 80 is, for example, located on the upper surface of the guide cell 20. It may consist of a supported drifter, and is guided by the guide cell 20, allowing it to reciprocate along the front-rear direction of the guide cell 20. The loading rod feeding mechanism 80 can move back and forth along the extension direction of the guide cell 20 by the operation of a feeder (not shown), for example. The feeder, which is the drive source for the loading rod feeding mechanism 80, can consist of, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, but the loading rod feeding mechanism 80 may be driven by an electric drive source.

[0031] As shown in Figure 6, the loading rod 81 has a hollow pipe shape with a hollow passage 812 formed inside. A pressure hose 82 for supplying the additional die 6 (additional explosive) is connected to the rear end of the loading rod 81 so as to communicate with the hollow passage 812. The pressure hose 82 may be made of a synthetic resin hose, a rubber hose, or the like.

[0032] Figure 8 illustrates an additional explosive supply device 83 that supplies additional dies 6 to the loading rod 81 through a pressure hose 82. The additional explosive supply device 83 is mounted, for example, on the bed of a work vehicle 200 (see Figure 1) positioned on the rear side of the drill jumbo 10 relative to the drill face 2. However, the additional explosive supply device 83 may be mounted on the drill jumbo 10 or located elsewhere. The additional explosive supply device 83 includes an air compressor (pneumatic supply device) 84, a hopper 85 for storing additional dies 6, a chute 86, a pressure hose 82, an air supply hose 87, a junction pipe 88, etc. The hopper 85 has, for example, a transfer mechanism 89 that can automatically weigh the additional dies 6 to be stored and send a preset amount of additional dies 6 to the chute 86. For such a transfer mechanism 89, for example, a rotary valve may be used. Furthermore, a confluence pipe 88 is connected to the lower end of the chute 86, and a pressure hose 82 is connected to the confluence pipe 88. In addition, an air supply hose 87 extending from an air compressor 84 is connected to the confluence pipe 88. As a result, the additional die 6, which has been transferred from the hopper 85 to the chute 86 by the operation of the transfer mechanism 89, merges with the compressed air supplied from the air compressor 84 through the air supply hose 87 in the confluence pipe 88, and together with the compressed air, the additional die 6 is pressurized and sent through the pressure hose 82 toward the hollow passage 812 of the loading rod 81.

[0033] Next, we will return to Figures 6 and 7 and describe the main die supply device 70. As described above, the main die supply device 70 is composed of a main die housing unit 100 (detonation explosive housing unit) and a main die housing unit drive mechanism 90 (detonation explosive housing unit drive mechanism) for holding and driving the main die housing unit 100. The main die housing unit drive mechanism 90 also has a fixing part 91 fixed to the guide cell 20 and a slider 92 provided so as to be interposed between the fixing part 91 and the main die housing unit 100.

[0034] The slider 92 has a mounting section 93 on which the main die housing unit 100 can be placed and fixed, and a drive section 94 interposed between the mounting section 93 and the fixing section 91. In the example shown in Figures 6 and 7, the main die housing unit 100 is a housing box having a roughly rectangular parallelepiped shape. The mounting section 93 of the slider 92 is made up of, for example, a flat steel plate on which the bottom of the main die housing unit 100 can be placed and fixed, and holds the main die housing unit 100 above the guide cell 20 and in a position parallel to the upper surface of the guide cell 20. Furthermore, the slider 92 of the main die housing unit drive mechanism 90 is capable of reciprocating the main die housing unit 100 held on the mounting section 93 along a predetermined loading orthogonal direction Y. The loading orthogonal direction Y is a direction perpendicular to the detonation explosive loading direction X described above, and in this example corresponds to the width direction of the guide cell 20. The drive unit 94 of the slider 92 may be a linear motion mechanism including, for example, a linear shaft provided on one side of the mounting unit 93 and the fixing unit 91 and extending along the loading orthogonal direction Y, and a linear bush housing unit provided on the other side and receiving the linear shaft. However, the drive unit of the slider 92 The moving part 94 is not limited to the linear motion mechanism with the above configuration.

[0035] The main die housing unit drive mechanism 90, controlled by the control device 15, supplies a main die mounting body 5, equipped with a main die 4 having a detonation time corresponding to the number of stages of the target blast hole 3 which is the blast hole into which the explosive is to be loaded, to a predetermined detonation explosive supply position located coaxially forward of the loading rod 81.

[0036] Figures 9 to 12 illustrate the parent die housing unit 100. Figure 9 is a front view of the parent die housing unit 100. Figure 10 is a rear view of the parent die housing unit 100. Figure 11 is a side view of the parent die housing unit 100. Figure 12 is a top view of the parent die housing unit 100. The parent die housing unit 100 is a roughly rectangular parallelepiped case that houses multiple parent die mounts 5, with its external shape defined by a front surface 101, a rear surface 102, a pair of side surfaces 103, a top surface 104, and a bottom surface 105. In the parent die housing unit 100, the direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction and the up-down direction is called the width direction. Note that the directions of the parent die housing unit 100 shown in Figures 9 to 12 indicate the relative positional relationship of each element of the parent die housing unit 100.

[0037] The rear surface 102, the pair of side surfaces 103, and the bottom surface 105 of the main die housing unit 100 are provided with a rear wall 110, side walls 120, and bottom wall 130, respectively. The top surface 104 of the main die housing unit 100 is open.

[0038] The interior of the main die housing unit 100 is divided into multiple sorting storage sections 150 by partition walls 140. In this embodiment, nine partition walls 140 are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the main die housing unit 100, and the interior of the main die housing unit 100 is divided into the first sorting storage section 150 (#1) to the tenth sorting storage section 150 (#10). Each partition wall 140 is arranged parallel to the side surface 103 (side wall 120) and extends from the front surface 101 to the rear surface 102. Each partition wall 140 is arranged at regular intervals in the width direction of the main die housing unit 100. As a result, the width dimensions of each sorting storage section 150 are equal to each other. As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the main die housing unit 100 is installed on the mounting portion 93 of the slider 92 in a position where its front-to-back direction is parallel to the detonation explosive loading direction X, and its width is parallel to the loading orthogonal direction Y. As described above, each sorting housing section 150 in the main die housing unit 100 is arranged in a line along the loading orthogonal direction Y. In other words, the front-to-back direction of each sorting housing section 150 in the main die housing unit 100 is parallel to the loading orthogonal direction Y and the central axis C1 of the loading rod 81.

[0039] The multiple sorting and storage sections 150 (#1 to #10) of the main die housing unit 100 are configured to sort and store main die mounting units 5, each equipped with a main die 4 with a different detonation time in the stage detonator 41. Each sorting and storage section 150 is capable of accommodating multiple detonating explosives with the same detonation time. In the stage blasting method according to this embodiment, as explained in Figure 2, the first stage #1 to the tenth stage #10 are assigned to each blasting target area set on the face 2. Here, if we define the blast holes 3 belonging to (corresponding to) the first stage #1 to the tenth stage #10 as the first stage blast hole 3(#1) to the tenth stage blast hole 3(#10), then the first stage blast hole 3(#1) to the tenth stage blast hole 3(#10) are loaded with first parent die mounts 5(#1) to the tenth parent die mounts 5(#1) to the tenth parent die mounts 5(#10), each equipped with a parent die 4 having a detonation time corresponding to these stages #1 to #10. The parent die housing unit 100 sorts and houses the first parent die mounts 5(#1) to the tenth parent die mounts 5(#1) to the tenth parent die mounts 5(#10) in the first sorting housing section 150(#1) to the tenth sorting housing section 150(#10), respectively. The number of main die mounts 5 that can be accommodated in each sorting and storage section 150 is not particularly limited, but for example, each sorting and storage section 150 can accommodate about 5 main die mounts 5. Of course, each sorting and storage section 150 can accommodate the number of blast hole groups belonging to each stage set in the face 2. The capacity to accommodate the parent die mount 5 may be increased or decreased in each of the 0. As is clear from Figures 11 and 12, the parent die mount 5 in each sorting storage section 150 is housed with its front end 5A positioned towards the front surface 101 and its rear end 5B positioned towards the rear surface 102.

[0040] Here, the width dimension of each sorting storage section 150 is set to a dimension that approximately corresponds to the outer diameter of the cylindrical member 51 in the main die mounting unit 5 (it may be a dimension slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical member 51). Therefore, each sorting storage section 150 houses multiple main die mounting units 5 arranged in a multi-stage configuration in a single row in the vertical direction. Hereinafter, the multiple main die mounting units 5 housed in each sorting storage section 150 will be referred to as the lowest (first stage) main die mounting unit 5, the second stage main die mounting unit 5, ..., and the uppermost main die mounting unit 5, starting from the one closest to the bottom surface 105 (bottom wall 130).

[0041] The rear wall 110 of the main die housing unit 100 covers the rear surface 102, leaving the lower region of the rear surface 102 as an opening. Therefore, a "rod insertion opening 106" is formed as an opening in the lower region of the rear surface 102 of each sorting storage section 150. This rod insertion opening 106 is an opening for inserting the loading rod 8, which has been driven forward along the detonation explosive loading direction X by the loading rod feeding mechanism 80 described in Figure 6, into the sorting storage section 150. The height dimension of the rod insertion opening 106 is greater than the outer diameter of the cylindrical member 51 in the main die mounting body 5, and less than twice the outer diameter of the cylindrical member 51.

[0042] Furthermore, the front surface 101 of the main die housing unit 100 is provided with a stopper plate 160 that partially covers the front surface 101. As shown in Figures 9 and 12, the stopper plate 160 is attached to the front end of the partition wall 140 of each of the multiple sorting housing sections 150. The partition wall 140 in each sorting housing section 150 is arranged such that an outlet 107 is formed in the lower region of the front surface 101 of each sorting housing section 150. This outlet 107 is an opening for discharging the lowest (first stage) main die mounting body 5 housed in each sorting housing section 150 to the outside, and corresponds to an outlet for detonating explosives. The outlet 107 formed on the front surface 101 side of each sorting housing section 150 is positioned opposite the rod insertion port 106 formed on the rear surface 102 side. Furthermore, the height of the discharge port 107 in each sorting storage section 150 is larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical member 51 in the main die mounting body 5, and smaller than twice the outer diameter of the cylindrical member 51, similar to the rod insertion port 106. Therefore, each sorting storage section 150 can discharge only the main die mounting body 5 at the bottom (first stage) through the discharge port 107 to the outside.

[0043] Furthermore, the parent die mounts 5 located from the second to the top of each sorting storage section 150 are prevented from being discharged to the outside from the front surface 101 by a retaining plate 160. Here, the width dimension of the retaining plate 160 is smaller than the width dimension of each sorting storage section 150. For this reason, a leg wire pull-out opening 108 is formed on the side (side) of the retaining plate 160 in each sorting storage section 150, and the leg wires 42 of the parent die mounts 5 can be pulled out to the outside through this leg wire pull-out opening 108. Note that in Figure 9, for illustrative purposes, only the leg wires 42 of a portion of the parent die mounts 5 housed in the parent die storage unit 100 are shown.

[0044] Furthermore, each sorting compartment 150 of the main die housing unit 100 is equipped with a pressing mechanism 170 that presses the main die mounting body 5 housed in each sorting compartment 150 downward (towards the bottom surface 105). The specific configuration of the pressing mechanism 170 is not particularly limited, but for example, it may include a pressing plate 171 having a strip shape and a torsion spring 172 interposed between the pressing plate 171 and the rear wall 110. Reference numeral 171A in Figure 11 indicates a pivot shaft portion provided on the base end side of the pressing plate 171. The pivot shaft portion 171A of each pressing plate 171 may be pivotally supported on the partition wall 140 or the side wall 120. 71 is biased in direction A as shown in Figure 11 by the elastic force of the torsion spring 172. As a result, the pressing plate 171 of the pressing mechanism 170 can constantly press the main die mounting 5 housed in each sorting storage section 150 downward (towards the bottom surface 105). This ensures that even if the posture of the main die housing unit 100 becomes tilted due to the driving of the explosive loading boom 13 and the guide cell 20, the lowest (first) main die mounting 5 can always be pressed against the bottom surface 105 (bottom wall 130).

[0045] The explosive loading system S, which includes the explosive loading device 1 configured as described above, is applied to a staged blasting method in which blasting is carried out at different times for each of the multiple blasting target areas assigned to the tunnel face 2 of the tunnel TN. It is an automatic explosive loading system that performs automatic explosive loading control, automatically loading explosives into multiple blast holes 3 drilled in the tunnel face 2 using the explosive loading device 1. The explosive loading system S in this embodiment includes the drill jumbo 10, the additional explosive supply device 83, and the control device 15, which controls the explosive loading device 1 and the additional explosive supply device 83 to perform automatic explosive loading control.

[0046] The details of the automatic explosive loading control performed by the control device 15 will be described below. Figure 13 is an example of the various devices installed in the cockpit 14. The cockpit 14 is equipped with a monitor (display device) 210, a control device 15, and input devices for the control device 15 (propellant charging remote control switch 231, control panel 232, keyboard 233, pointing device 234, etc.). The drill jumbo 10 can be manually operated by an operator using the various devices of the input device, including the drilling boom 12, explosive loading boom 13, guide cell 20, explosive loading device 1, additional explosive supply device 83, etc. In addition, in the automatic explosive loading control, the control device 15 controls the explosive loading boom 13, guide cell 20, explosive loading device 1, etc., making it possible to load the main die 4 and additional die 6 into the blast hole 3 drilled in the face 2 fully automatically or semi-automatically. The control device 15 is not particularly limited, but for example, it is a computer equipped with an input unit, a processing unit, an output unit, etc. The processing unit of the control device 15 may be configured to include a processor for executing various programs, and a memory device (storage unit) for storing various programs and information necessary for the operation of the processor.

[0047] The following describes the procedure for automatic explosive loading control performed by the control device 15 of the automatic explosive loading system S. Figure 14 is a diagram showing the procedure flow of automatic explosive loading control performed by the control device 15 of the automatic explosive loading system S. First, as shown in Figure 1, the carriage 11 of the drill jumbo 10 is moved to near the face 2 where blasting is to be performed, and a plurality of blast holes 3, 3, ... of a predetermined length are drilled sequentially at the planned drilling positions on the face 2 according to the blasting pattern by driving the drilling boom 12 and the rock drill 16 (step S1). When the rock drill 16 of the drill jumbo 10 drills the blast holes 3, the control device 15 associates a hole number with all of the blast holes 3. Then, for each blast hole number 3, blast hole information is stored in the memory device, which includes blast hole position information, which includes the three-dimensional coordinate values ​​of the first coordinate P1 (X1, Y1, Z1) of the hole opening 3B corresponding to the hole number and the second coordinate P2 (X2, Y2, Z2) of the innermost part 3A, and blast hole stage number information, which relates to the number of stages of blast holes 3 corresponding to that hole number (storage step). The drill jumbo 10 may be a fully automatic drill jumbo (also called a "computerized drill jumbo"), and the drilling boom 12 and the rock drilling machine 16 may be automatically controlled based on the planned drilling position information of the blast holes 3 stored in the memory device of the control device 10, thereby sequentially drilling blast holes 3 at the planned drilling positions on the face 2. Furthermore, in the example shown in Figure 2, the face 2 is assigned stages #1 to #10 for each area to be blasted, and in step S1, stage 1 blast holes 3(#1) to stage 10 blast holes 3(#10), each containing one or more blast hole groups, are drilled into stage 1 to stage 10 of the face 2. In addition, a master die 4, with a detonation time set corresponding to each stage number, is inserted into stage 1 to stage 10 blast holes 3(#1).

[0048] Next, the explosive loading boom 13 is positioned near the face 2 where the blast hole 3 has been drilled, by operation via an input device (for example, the control panel 232). Also, as shown in Figure 1, a work vehicle 200 is positioned behind the drill jumbo 10, and a predetermined amount of additional dies 6 are loaded into the hopper 85 of the additional explosive supply device 83.

[0049] Next, in step S2, the computer control device 15 references blast hole position information, including the three-dimensional coordinate values ​​of the first coordinate P1 (X1, Y1, Z1) and second coordinate P2 (X2, Y2, Z2) of the blast hole 3 corresponding to a pre-set hole number, and automatically drives the explosive loading boom 13 and guide cell 20 of the drill jumbo 10. Among the multiple blast holes 3 drilled in the face 2, the target blast hole 3 to which the explosives (main die 4, additional die 6) should be loaded is selected. TGT Position the loading rod 81 so that its tip faces the loading rod on the same axis. Alignment (rod positioning process). As described above, when the rock drilling machine 16 of the drill jumbo 10 drills each blast hole 3 in the face 2, the control device 15 stores in the memory a blast hole position information associated with the hole number, which is the first coordinate P1 (X1, Y1, Z1) of the hole opening 3B and the second coordinate P2 (X2, Y2, Z2) of the innermost part 3A of the blast hole 3, and the blast hole stage number information relating to the number of stages of the blast hole 3 corresponding to that hole number. Therefore, the control device 15 refers to this blast hole position information and loads the target blast hole 3 TGT Compatible By reading the first coordinates P1(X1, Y1, Z1) and the second coordinates P2(X2, Y2, Z2), the target blast hole 3 is loaded. TGT The tip 811 of the loading rod 81 faces in opposition to The loading rod 81 can be positioned accordingly. Figure 15 illustrates the state after the rod positioning process is completed. Hereinafter, the position of the loading rod 81 in the state after the rod positioning process is completed will be referred to as the "rod position completion position". In Figure 15, the central axis C1 of the loading rod 81 in the rod position completion position is aligned with the target blast hole 3. TGT It is positioned coaxially with respect to the central axis C2, and the tip 811 of the loading rod 81 is 3 blast holes to be filled TGT It is positioned at a predetermined distance from the opening 3B of the rod. In a state where the loading rod 81 is disposed at the alignment completion position, the separation dimension of the tip 811 of the loading rod 81 from the hole opening 3B (hereinafter referred to as the "initial separation dimension between the rod and the hole opening") is not particularly limited.

[0050] Next, the control device 15 controls the parent die housing unit drive mechanism 90 by referring to the blast hole stage number information, and moves the parent die housing unit 100 (detonating explosive housing unit) provided in front of the loading rod 81 on the explosive loading boom 13 (guide cell 20) along the loading orthogonal direction Y, so as to load the blast hole 3 TGT with the parent die 4 (detonating explosive) to the detonating explosive supply position located coaxially forward of the loading rod 81 (detonating explosive supply process). In the above configuration example, the inside of the parent die housing unit 100 is partitioned into a first sorting housing portion 150 (#1) to a tenth sorting housing portion 150 (#10). Therefore, the control device 15 supplies the parent die mounting body 5 equipped with the parent die 4 corresponding to the stage number of the loading target blast hole 3 TGT to the above detonating explosive supply position at the detonation second corresponding to the stage number.

[0051] As described above, the parent die housing unit 100 has a plurality of sorting housing portions 150 capable of sorting and housing the parent die mounting bodies 5 equipped with the parent die 4 (detonating explosive) having the detonation second, and is provided so as to be reciprocally movable along the loading orthogonal direction Y with respect to the explosive loading boom 13 (guide cell 20). And each sorting housing portion 150 is arranged along the loading orthogonal direction Y and is provided so as to be reciprocally movable along the loading orthogonal direction orthogonal to the loading direction. Therefore, in the detonating explosive supply process, the control device 15 moves the parent die housing unit 100 along the loading orthogonal direction Y by automatic control of the parent die housing unit drive mechanism 90, so that the parent die mounting body 5 equipped with the parent die 4 corresponding to the stage number of the loading target blast hole 3 TGT with the set detonation second (hereinafter referred to as the "loading target parent die mounting body 5 TGT ​The sorting storage unit 150 (hereinafter referred to as "loading target sorting storage unit") contains the following: 150 TGT This refers to the detonation explosive supply position located coaxially forward of the loading rod 81. It can be placed in a specific location.

[0052] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the installation relationship between the parent die housing unit 100, which is installed on the mounting portion 93 of the slider 92, and the loading rod 81 held by the loading rod feeding mechanism 80 is defined such that the height of the central axis of the parent die mounting body 5, which is housed in the lowest (first) stage of each sorting storage section 150 of the parent die housing unit 100, on the explosive loading boom 13 (guide cell 20), is approximately the same as the height of the central axis C1 of the loading rod 81. In addition, the width dimension of each sorting storage section 150 in the parent die housing unit 100 is set to a dimension that approximately corresponds to the outer diameter of the cylindrical member 51 in the parent die mounting body 5, as described above. Therefore, the parent die mounting body 5 is housed in each sorting storage section 150 with its central axis position aligned with the center of the width direction of each sorting storage section 150. In the above detonation explosive supply process, the control device 15 controls the loading target sorting storage section 150 TGT Width in The main die housing unit 100 is moved so that the center position of the loading rod 81 is coaxial with the loading rod 81 (on the extension of the central axis C1). This causes the loading target sorting housing section 150 TGT The bottommost (first) section houses the loading target parent die mounting unit 5. TGT The central axis of the loading rod It can be positioned coaxially with the central axis C1 of 81.

[0053] Here, for example, the blast hole 3 to be loaded TGT If the number of stages is 8th stage #8 (i.e., 3 blast holes to be filled TGT If it is the 8th stage blast hole (#8), the control device 15 controls the loading Elephant parent die mounting unit 5 TGT The eighth sorting unit houses the eighth parent die mounting unit 5 (#8) as part of the eighth sorting unit. The slider 92 is operated so that the widthwise center position of the storage section 150 (#8) is positioned coaxially forward of the loading rod 81 (on the extension of the central axis C1). As a result, the loading target sorting storage section 150 TGT The lowest level (1st level) storage in the 8th sorting storage section 150 (#8) The central axis of the eighth main die mounting unit 5 (#8) can be positioned coaxially with the central axis C1 of the loading rod 81. As a result, the loading target sorting storage unit 150 TGT The eighth relative The die mount 5 (#8) can be positioned in a detonation explosive supply position coaxially forward of the loading rod 81.

[0054] Next, in step S3, the control device 15 automatically controls the loading rod feeding mechanism 80 to advance the loading rod 81 along the detonation explosive loading direction X, supplying the loading target master die mount 5 to the detonation explosive supply position. TGT While holding the loading rod 81 at its tip 811, the loading target is launched hole 3 TGT The main die mounting unit 5 is loaded into the innermost part 3A. TGT Load the explosives (detonation explosive loading process).

[0055] As described above, each sorting storage section 150 of the main die storage unit 100 has an outlet 107 formed in the lower region of the front surface 101. Therefore, when the loading rod 81 is advanced along the detonation explosive loading direction X by the loading rod feeding mechanism 80, the loading target sorting storage section 150 in the main die storage unit 100 TGT The rod is loaded from the corresponding rod insertion port 106. The tip 811 of part D81 can be inserted.

[0056] The main die mounting body 5 has the main die 4 mounted such that a hollow portion 53 remains inside the rear end of the cylindrical member 51. Therefore, in the detonation explosive loading process, the rod insertion port 106 is used to sort and store the loading target 150. TGT The tip 811 of the loading rod 81 inserted into the loading target Sorting and storage section 150 TGTThe bottommost loading target parent die mounting unit 5 TGT By inserting it into the hollow portion 53, the parent die mounting body 5 to be loaded... TGT The tip 811 of the loading rod 81 is held in place. This allows the loading object sorting and storage section 150 to be opened from the rod insertion port 106. TGT The loading target master die mounting body 5 is held at the tip 811 of the loading rod 81 that has been inserted into it. TGT This can be easily advanced by the loading rod 81. TG T It is held coaxially by the loading rod 81.

[0057] Figure 16 is a diagram illustrating the process of loading the detonating explosive. In this embodiment, the discharge port 107 formed in the lower region of the front surface 101 of each sorting storage section 150 is formed to face the rod insertion port 106 formed in the lower region on the rear surface 102 side. Therefore, in the detonating explosive loading process, the loading target master die mounting body 5 TGT Loading while holding By further advancing the rod 81 along the detonation explosive loading direction X, the loading target sorting and storage section 150 TGT The bottommost (1st) loading target parent die mounting unit 5 TGT The contents can be discharged from the discharge port 107. Furthermore, the extension direction of each sorting storage section 150 of the main die housing unit 100 in the front-rear direction is parallel to the detonation explosive loading direction X and the direction of the central axis C1 of the loading rod 81. Therefore, by advancing the loading rod 81 along the detonation explosive loading direction X, the main die mounting body 5 to be loaded, held on the loading rod 81, can be discharged. TGT each sorting and storage section 150 It can be moved along the front-to-back direction and smoothly discharged from the discharge port 107. In addition, a stopper plate 160 is provided on the front surface 101 of each sorting storage section 150 to prevent the parent die mounting 5 located in the second to uppermost stages of each sorting storage section 150 from being discharged from the front surface 101 side. Therefore, the loading rod 81 can load the lowest stage parent die mounting 5. TGTWhen the loading target parent die mounting body 5 is advanced, TGT This prevents the second and subsequent parent die mounting units 5 from being ejected from the front 101 side due to friction or other factors.

[0058] Furthermore, in the rod alignment process described above, the central axis C1 of the loading rod 81 is aligned with the target blast hole 3. TGT The loading rod 81 is positioned so as to be coaxial with the central axis C2. Therefore, in the detonation explosive loading process, the loading target parent die mounting body 5 TGT Keep By moving the loading rod 81 forward along the detonation explosive loading direction X, the target of loading, the main die mounting body 5, is moved forward. TGT Insert into the target blast hole 3 from the tip 5A side. TGT It can be inserted smoothly into it.

[0059] By the way, in the above rod alignment process, the central axis C1 of the loading rod 81 is the target blast hole 3. TGT It is aligned so as to be coaxial with respect to the central axis C2, but in reality This may involve alignment errors on the order of several centimeters. Figure 17 illustrates the guiding function of the weight-shaped guide portion 52 in the main die mounting body 5. Figure 17 shows the blast hole 3 to be loaded. TGT The central axis C1 of the loading rod 81 is eccentric with respect to the central axis C2 of the loading rod. The diagram shows the process of loading the detonating explosive under the given conditions. Note that the loading rod feeding mechanism 80 and the main die housing unit 100 are not shown in Figure 17.

[0060] In this embodiment, the main die mounting body 5 has a weight-shaped guide portion 52 provided at the front end 51A of the cylindrical holder 51, and as described above, the weight-shaped guide portion 52 has a conical shape. Therefore, the blast hole 3 to be loaded TGT In contrast, the loading rod 81 is in an eccentric state when the loading rod 81 is forward Even if this occurs, the blast hole 3 to be loaded during the process of loading the detonating explosive TGT Hole 3B The main die mount 5 is loaded into the target blast hole 3 while sliding the side surface of the weight-shaped guide portion 52, which has collided with the edge portion (edge ​​portion 2A on the face) of the hole 3B (edge ​​portion 2A), against the hole opening 3B (edge ​​portion 2A). TGT Progressing inside This can be done. In other words, the central axis C1 of the loading rod 81, which was eccentric at the point when the rod alignment was completed, and the blast hole 3 of the loading target can be aligned. TGT The eccentricity with respect to the central axis C2 is determined by the weight-shaped guide portion 52 While reducing the load with the guide function, the main die mounting unit 5 is loaded into the target blast hole 3. TGT Smoothly into the interior It can be inserted. Also, the target blast hole 3 TGT Loading target main die up to the innermost part 3A Body 5 TGT In the process of moving forward, the target blast hole 3 TGT Even if there are obstacles 3C such as rockfalls due to roughening of the hole, the main die mounting body 5 can be advanced toward the innermost part 3A while sliding the side surface of the weight-shaped guide part 52 against the obstacle 3C.

[0061] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 16, in the detonation explosive loading process in this embodiment, the loading target parent die mounting body 5 TGT The leg wires 42 connected to the detonator 41 in the (master die mounting body 5) are bundled together. The blast hole 3 to be loaded is secured by material 43. TGT It may be inserted into (blast hole 3). In this case, the diameter of the ring-shaped portion 42A formed by bundling the leg wires 42 in a ring shape with the binding material 43 is set to a size larger than the diameter of the opening 3B in the blast hole 3. Then, the loading target parent die mounting body 5 TGT (Parent die mounting unit 5) is loaded into the target blast hole 3 TGTDuring the process of insertion into the blast hole 3, the ring-shaped portion 42A that bundles the leg wires 42 catches on the edge portion 2A located around the opening 3B, and the binding material 43 breaks due to the resistance. As a result, the binding of the leg wires 42 by the binding material 43 can be automatically released. Here, since the binding material 43 is made of an easily breakable material such as paper, it can be easily broken with a small force. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the large load placed on the leg wires 42 during the process of releasing the binding of the leg wires 42 in the middle of the detonation explosive loading process.

[0062] Furthermore, during the process of loading the detonating explosive, the main die mounting body 5 of the target of loading... TGT (Parent die mounting unit 5) As a method for automatically unfastening the binding of the leg wires 42, the following alternative embodiments may be adopted. For example, one or more leg wire holding rod members may be provided at appropriate locations on the outer surface of the main die housing unit 100 in this embodiment for hooking and holding the ring-shaped portion 42A of the leg wires 42 in each main die mounting body 5. Such leg wire holding rod members may be provided, for example, on the side surface 103 (outer surface of the side wall 120) of the main die housing unit 100. From the viewpoint of neatly holding the ring-shaped portion 42A of the leg wires 42 in each main die mounting body 5 with the leg wire holding rod members, it is preferable that the main die housing unit 100 is provided with a plurality of holding rod members 42A.

[0063] Furthermore, it is preferable that the main die housing unit 100 is provided with one or more leg-line holding rod members on each of the left and right sides 103. The main die mounting body 5 to be loaded is held on the loading rod 81 during the detonation explosive loading process. TGT If it is postponed, the leg line will be maintained in the process. Stress is applied to the binding material 43 that bundles the ring-shaped portion 42A held by the holding rod member, and this stress can cause the binding material 43 to break. Of course, since the binding material 43 is made of an easily breakable material such as paper, no large stress is applied to the wire 42 before the binding material 43 breaks. In this configuration as well, the ring-shaped portion 42A is held in advance by the leg wire holding rod member, and the binding of the leg wire 42 by the binding material 43 can be automatically released during the detonation explosive loading process. The leg wire 42, from which the binding by the binding material 43 has been released, can then be sequentially fed out from the leg wire holding rod member as the loading rod 81 is advanced.

[0064] Furthermore, if a leg wire holding rod member is provided on the side surface 103 of the main die housing unit 100, the leg wire holding rod member may protrude laterally from the side surface 103. Also, if multiple leg wire holding rod members are provided on the side surface 103 of the main die housing unit 100, the multiple leg wire holding rod members may be installed at different levels in the vertical direction of the main die housing unit 100. Installing multiple leg wire holding rod members at different levels makes it less likely for the leg wires 42 held by each leg wire holding rod member to become entangled with each other.

[0065] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned detonation explosive loading process, the control device 15 calculates the amount of forward movement of the loading rod 81 and drives the loading rod feeding mechanism 80 based on the calculated amount of forward movement of the loading rod 81. The amount of forward movement of the loading rod 81 is, for example, the initial distance between the rod holes when the loading rod 81 is positioned at the rod alignment completion position and the blast hole 3 to be loaded. TGT Design length It can be calculated based on the blast hole location information stored in the blast hole location information 3 TGT The first coordinates P1(X1, Y1, Z1) of the opening 3B and the first coordinates of the innermost part 3A The target blast hole 3 calculated based on the two coordinates P2(X2, Y2, Z2) TGT and, rod hole Based on the initial spacing between openings, the target blast hole 3 TGT The main die to be loaded is installed in the innermost part 3A. Body 5TGT Even if you calculate the amount of forward movement of the loading rod 81 required to position the tip 5A Good. In this way, the control device 15 automatically controls the loading rod feeding mechanism 80, and as shown in Figure 18, the blast hole to be loaded 3 TGT The main die mounting unit 5 is loaded into the innermost part 3A. TGT The end With end 5A positioned, the main die mounting body 5 to be loaded TGT Loading is complete.

[0066] Then, after the detonation explosive loading process, in step S4, the control device 15 controls the loading rod feeding mechanism 80 to retract the loading rod 81, while simultaneously activating the additional explosive supply device 83, which pumps the additional die 6 (additional explosive) into the hollow passage 812 of the loading rod 81 through the pressure hose 82 (additional explosive loading process). The additional die 6 pumped into the hollow passage 812 of the loading rod 81 is pumped out from the tip 811 of the loading rod 81 (hollow passage 812) into the target blast hole 3 TGT It is loaded inside. Figure 19 shows the completed loading process for the additional explosives. Once the explosive loading process is complete, the target blast hole 3 TGT Inside is the main die 4 (main die mounting body 5) The loading of the additional die 6 is then completed. Then, as shown in Figure 19, the loading rod 81 moves into the blast hole 3 to be loaded. TGT In the state after being withdrawn, the next target blast hole 3 TGT Automatic loading control of explosives (main die 4, additional die 6) is performed for each of these holes. In other words, by sequentially repeating each of the steps S2 to S4 described above, the loading of explosives (main die 4, additional die 6) into all of the blast holes 3 can be performed automatically.

[0067] As described above, the explosive loading system S, which includes the explosive loading device 1 and the control device 15, makes it possible to automatically load explosives into the blast hole 3 according to the number of stages of the blasting target area assigned to the tunnel face 2 of the tunnel TN.

[0068] Furthermore, according to the explosive loading method of this embodiment, the main die mount 5, to which the main die 4 is attached, has a weight-shaped guide portion 52 provided at the front end 51A of the cylindrical holder 51. As explained with reference to Figure 17, even if the central axis of the main die mount 5 is eccentric with respect to the central axis C2 of the blast hole 3, or if there are obstacles 3C such as falling rocks in the blast hole 3 due to roughness of the hole, the main die mount 5 can be smoothly loaded to the innermost part 3A of the blast hole 3 by the guiding function of the weight-shaped guide portion 52.

[0069] In the above embodiment, an embodiment in which explosives (parent die 4, additional die 6) are loaded into a blast hole 3 drilled in the face 2 is described as an example, but the explosive loading method using the parent die mount 5 equipped with a weight-shaped guide portion 52 according to this disclosure is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, when aligning the loading rod 81 in the rod alignment process described above, the loading rod 81 may be aligned so that it is positioned opposite the blast hole 3 by operation via the control panel 232 or the like, rather than by automatic control using the control device 15. In such an embodiment as well, the explosive loading method according to this disclosure, in which the parent die mount 5 held at the tip 811 of the loading rod 81 is loaded into the blast hole 3, can be suitably applied, and smooth explosive loading can be achieved. [Explanation of symbols]

[0070] 1. Explosives loading device 2. Face 3. Blasting hole 4. Parent 5. Parent die mounting unit 6... Increased Die 10... Drill Jumbo 13. Boom for loading explosives 20... Guide Cells 70... Main die supply device 80... Loading rod feeding mechanism 81... Loading Rod 83. Additional explosive supply device 90... Main die housing unit drive mechanism 100...Parent Die Housing Unit 140...partition wall 150... Sorting and storage section

Claims

1. An explosive device for detonating, which is used in tunnel blasting methods and is loaded into a blast hole drilled in the tunnel face, A cylindrical holder and The detonating explosive is mounted inside the cylindrical holder, The hollow portion formed on the inner side of the rear end of the cylindrical holder, A weight-shaped guide portion is provided at the front end of the cylindrical holder and has a tapered shape towards the tip, Equipped with, By inserting the tip of the loading rod, which is used to load the detonating explosive into the blast hole, into the hollow portion, the detonating explosive can be held at the tip of the loading rod. Detonator-equipped explosive device.

2. The detonator-equipped body according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the cylindrical holder does not contain additional explosives for increasing the explosive force during blasting.

3. The detonator mount according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hollow portion is formed to face the rear end of the detonator mounted on the cylindrical holder.

4. An explosive loading device for loading explosives into blast holes drilled in the face of a tunnel, Detonator explosive storage unit, A detonator mount according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is housed in the detonator containment unit, A loading rod for loading the aforementioned detonating explosive device into the blast hole, Equipped with, The tip of the loading rod is inserted into the hollow portion of the detonator charge housing, which is housed in the detonator charge housing unit, thereby holding the detonator charge housing with the loading rod and loading it into the blast hole. Explosives loading device.

5. The loading rod has a hollow pipe form with a hollow passage formed inside, and a pressurized hose for supplying additional explosives to increase the explosive force during blasting is connected to the hollow passage. The additional explosive is supplied under pressure to the hollow passage of the loading rod through the pressure hose. The explosive loading device according to claim 4.

6. After loading the detonating explosive assembly into the blast hole, the additional explosive is supplied to the blast hole by pressurizing the loading rod through the tip of the hollow passage in the loading rod while retracting the loading rod. The explosive loading device according to claim 5.

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